JP2018136311A - Displacement measurement device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable a displacement measurement device to be installed in a small space.SOLUTION: A displacement measurement device placed between a first structure and a second structure, which relatively move, comprises: a first connection part for connecting one end portion of a first bar-like member rotatably to an opposite face of the first structure facing the second structure; a second connection part for connecting an end portion of a second bar-like member rotatably to the other end portion of the first bar-like member; a holding member, which is attached to an opposite face of the second structure facing the first structure, for holding the second bar-like member so as to be movable with respect to the out-of-face direction of the opposite face of the second structure; and first measurement means for measuring a rotation angle of the one end portion or the other end portion of the first bar-like member.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a displacement measuring device that measures the relative displacement of two structures.

  There is a displacement measuring device that measures the relative displacement that occurs in the base isolation layer of base isolation buildings during an earthquake. For example, in Patent Document 1, in a base-isolated building in which an upper structure is supported by a base isolation layer provided on a lower structure, on the surface of a flat plate-like pressure sensor installed horizontally on the upper surface of the lower structure, Displacement of the base-isolated building that measures the relative displacement that occurs in the base isolation layer of the base isolation building by detecting the position of the tip of the touch pen using this pressure sensitive sensor. A recording device is disclosed.

  However, in this seismic isolation building displacement recording apparatus, a pressure sensor having a large area enough to cover the movement range of the tip of the touch pen must be installed on the upper surface of the lower structure. That is, a large space is required for installing the displacement recording apparatus.

JP 2012-233805 A

  This invention considers the fact concerned, and makes it a subject that a displacement measuring device can be installed in a small space.

  According to a first aspect of the present invention, in the displacement measuring device disposed between the first structure and the second structure that move relative to each other, the first surface is opposed to the first structure facing the second structure. A first connecting portion that rotatably connects one end portion of the rod-shaped member; a second connecting portion that rotatably connects an end portion of the second rod-shaped member to the other end portion of the first rod-shaped member; and the first structure. A holding member that is attached to a facing surface of the second structure facing the body and holds the second rod-shaped member movably with respect to an out-of-plane direction of the facing surface of the second structure; and the first rod-shaped And a first measuring means for measuring a rotation angle of one end or the other end of the member.

  In the first aspect of the invention, one end of the first rod-like member is rotatably connected to the facing surface of the first structure facing the second structure, and the facing surface of the second structure facing the first structure. The other end of the first bar-like member is rotatably connected to the end of the second bar-like member that is held movably in the out-of-plane direction by the holding member attached to the head. Thereby, the relative displacement between the first structure and the second structure can be replaced with the magnitude of the rotation angle of one end or the other end of the first rod-shaped member.

  Accordingly, the relative displacement between the first structure and the second structure based on the rotation angle of one end or the other end of the first rod-like member measured by the first measuring means and the length of the first rod-like member. This relative displacement can be measured by obtaining. For this reason, a displacement measuring device can be installed in a small space.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the displacement measurement device according to the first aspect, the first structure is one of an upper structure and a lower structure, and the second structure is the upper structure and the lower structure. The other of the objects, the first measuring means measures a rotation angle of one end or the other end of the first rod-shaped member around two horizontal axes.

  In the second aspect of the invention, based on the rotation angle around the two horizontal axes of one end or the other end of the first rod-like member measured by the first measuring means and the length of the first rod-like member, the two horizontal axes This relative displacement can be measured by determining the relative displacement between the first structure and the second structure relative to the direction.

  The third aspect of the invention is the displacement measuring apparatus according to the first or second aspect, further comprising second measuring means for measuring a movement distance of the second rod-shaped member in the out-of-plane direction with respect to the holding member.

  In the invention of the third aspect, the rotation angle of one end or the other end of the first rod-shaped member measured by the first measuring means, the length of the first rod-shaped member, and the holding member measured by the second measuring means Based on the movement distance of the second rod-shaped member in the out-of-plane direction, this relative displacement can be measured by obtaining the relative displacement between the first structure and the second structure in the out-of-plane direction.

  Since the present invention has the above configuration, the displacement measuring device can be installed in a small space.

It is a front view which shows the displacement measuring device which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a front view which shows the 1st connection part which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is AA sectional drawing of FIG. It is a front view which shows the 2nd connection part which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is BB sectional drawing of FIG. It is a front view which shows the displacement measuring device which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a front view which shows the variation of the 1st connection part which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is CC sectional drawing of FIG. It is a front view which shows the variation of the 2nd connection part which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is DD sectional drawing of FIG. It is a front view which shows the variation of the displacement measuring device which concerns on embodiment of this invention.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. First, a displacement measuring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described.

  As shown in the front view of FIG. 1, the displacement measuring apparatus 10 of the present embodiment includes an upper structure 16 as a first structure and a second structure in the base seismic isolation layer 14 provided in the base isolation building 12. It arrange | positions between the lower structures 18 as a body.

  The upper structure 16 is seismically isolated and supported on the lower structure 18 by a seismic isolation device (not shown), whereby the upper structure 16 and the lower structure 18 move relative to each other in the lateral direction during an earthquake. To do. FIG. 1 shows a displacement measuring device 10 in an initial state arranged in a basic seismic isolation layer 14 in which no interlayer deformation has occurred.

  The displacement measuring device 10 includes a first rod-shaped member 20, a first connecting portion 22, a second rod-shaped member 24, a second connecting portion 26, a holding member 28, and first measuring means 30. The 1st rod-shaped member 20 and the 2nd rod-shaped member 24 are formed with the round steel pipe. In addition, the 1st rod-shaped member 20 and the 2nd rod-shaped member 24 should just be a rod-shaped member. For example, you may form the 1st rod-shaped member 20 and the 2nd rod-shaped member 24 with a square steel pipe or an angle material.

As shown in FIG. 3, which is a front view of FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, and FIG. 3, which is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 2, the first connecting portion 22 An upper end portion 38 as one end portion of the first rod-like member 20 is connected to a lower surface 36 as an opposing surface of the upper structure 16 so as to be rotatable about two horizontal axes and not rotatable about a vertical axis. In this example, the two horizontal axes, and the X ₁ axis as a horizontal axis, a Y ₁ axis as a horizontal axis perpendicular to the X ₁ axis, a vertical axis, a vertical axis orthogonal to the X ₁ axis and Y ₁ axis Z ₁ axis.

  That is, the first connecting portion 22 rotatably connects the upper end portion 38 as one end portion of the first rod-shaped member 20 to the lower surface 36 of the upper structure 16 facing the upper surface 34 of the lower structure 18.

As shown in FIG. 5 which is the front view of FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 which is a BB sectional view of FIG. 4, the second connecting portion 26 is a lower end portion as the other end portion of the first rod-shaped member 20 by the universal joint mechanism 40. An upper end portion 44 as an end portion of the second rod-shaped member 24 is connected to 42 so as to be rotatable around two horizontal axes and not rotatable around a vertical axis. Thereby, the 2nd rod-shaped member 24 is in the state suspended from the 2nd connection part 26 in the substantially perpendicular direction. In this example, the two horizontal axes, and X ₂ axis as a horizontal axis, and a horizontal axis orthogonal to the X ₂ axis Y ₂ axis, a vertical axis, a vertical axis orthogonal to the X ₂ axis and Y ₂ axis made and the Z ₂ axes.

  That is, the second connecting portion 26 rotatably connects the upper end portion 44 as the end portion of the second rod-shaped member 24 to the lower end portion 42 as the other end portion of the first rod-shaped member 20.

The holding member 28 is attached to an upper surface 34 as a facing surface of the lower structure 18 that faces the lower surface 36 of the upper structure 16, and is not movable in the horizontal direction, cannot rotate about the horizontal axis, and is vertically movable (Z ₂ axially) movable in the, and rotatably in the Z ₂ axes, holds the second rod-shaped member 24.

That is, the holding member 28 holds the second rod-like member 24 movable relative to out-of-plane direction 46 of the upper surface 34 of the lower structure 18 (Z ₂ axial direction).

As shown in FIG. 1, the first measuring means 30 is provided in the first connecting portion 22. The first measuring means 30 includes two encoders (not shown) whose shafts are respectively connected to the two rotating shafts of the universal joint mechanism 32, and the first measuring means 30 is horizontally arranged at the upper end portion 38 of the first rod-shaped member 20. Rotational angles α ₁ and β ₁ around two axes (X ₁ axis and Y ₁ axis) are measured (see FIGS. 2 and 3). That is, the rotation angle α ₁ around the X ₁ axis is measured by _one encoder (hereinafter referred to as “first encoder”) of the two encoders constituting the first measuring means 30, and the other encoder (hereinafter referred to as “first encoder”). The rotation angle β ₁ about the Y ₁ axis is measured by “second encoder”).

In the displacement measuring apparatus 10, the upper end portion 38 of the first rod-shaped member 20 is rotatably connected to the lower surface 36 of the upper structure 16, and the surface is held by the holding member 28 attached to the upper surface 34 of the lower structure 18. As shown in the front view of FIG. 6, the structure in which the lower end portion 42 of the first rod-shaped member 20 is rotatably connected to the upper end portion 44 of the second rod-shaped member 24 that is held movably in the outward direction 46, as shown in FIG. When the upper structure 16 and the lower structure 18 move relative to each other in the lateral direction (arrow 48), the relative displacement S between the upper structure 16 and the lower structure 18 is changed to the upper end of the first rod-shaped member 20. The rotation angles α ₁ and β ₁ of the portion 38 can be replaced with the magnitudes.

Therefore, by performing calculation processing based on the rotation angles α ₁ and β ₁ of the upper end portion 38 of the first rod-shaped member 20 measured by the first measuring means 30 and the length L of the first rod-shaped member 20, The relative displacement S between the upper structure 16 and the lower structure 18 can be obtained and the relative displacement S can be measured.

More specifically, during an earthquake, when the upper structure 16 and the lower structure 18 has moved relative to the horizontal direction, the relative displacement S _X is a component of X ₁ relative axial displacement S of the formula ( it can be determined by 1), the relative displacement S _Y is a component of Y ₁ relative axial displacement S may be calculated by equation (2). Incidentally, (in this example, basic seismic isolation layer 14) normal isolation layer in displacement behavior, since the Z ₁ axis of the first connecting portion 22 can be ignored and the rotational component and the rotation center, of Z ₁ axis Equations (1) and (2) are derived assuming that there is no rotation.

  Next, the operation and effect of the displacement measuring apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described.

In the displacement measuring apparatus 10 of the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 6, the upper end portion 38 of the first rod-shaped member 20 is rotatably connected to the lower surface 36 of the upper structure 16, and the upper surface of the lower structure 18. The lower end portion 42 of the first rod-like member 20 is rotatably connected to the upper end portion 44 of the second rod-like member 24 held so as to be movable in the out-of-plane direction 46 by the holding member 28 attached to 34. As a result, the relative displacement S between the upper structure 16 and the lower structure 18 can be replaced with the magnitudes of the rotation angles α ₁ and β ₁ of the upper end portion 38 of the first rod-shaped member 20.

Therefore, the rotation angles α ₁ and β ₁ of the upper end portion 38 of the first rod-shaped member 20 and the length L of the first rod-shaped member 20 measured by the first measuring means 30 (the first encoder and the second encoder). Based on this, the relative displacement S between the upper structure 16 and the lower structure 18 can be obtained and the relative displacement S can be measured. For this reason, the displacement measuring apparatus 10 can be installed in a small space.

Further, based on the rotation angles α ₁ and β ₁ around the two horizontal axes (X ₁ axis and Y ₁ axis) measured by the first measuring means 30 and the length L of the first rod-shaped member 20, the horizontal 2 The relative displacements S _X and S _Y between the upper structure 16 and the lower structure 18 with respect to the axial direction (X ₁ axis direction and Y ₁ axis direction) can be obtained and the relative displacements S _X and S _Y can be measured.

  Thus, measuring the inter-layer displacement of the base isolation layer (in this example, the base base isolation layer 14) during an earthquake is to monitor the soundness of structural members such as columns and beams that make up the base isolation building. Will be very effective. For example, from the relative displacement S measured by the displacement measuring device 10, the maximum value of the interlayer displacement of the seismic isolation layer is grasped to determine the degree of damage of the structural member, or the cumulative plastic deformation is calculated to calculate the fatigue level of the structural member. It is possible to perform various evaluations for determining the soundness of structural members, such as verifying

Moreover, in the displacement measuring apparatus 10 of this embodiment, as shown in FIG.1 and FIG.6, the upper end part 38 of the 1st rod-shaped member 20 measured by the 1st measurement means 30 (a 1st encoder, a 2nd encoder). The relative displacement S is measured with high accuracy by obtaining the relative displacement S between the upper structure 16 and the lower structure 18 based on the rotation angles α ₁ and β ₁ and the length L of the first rod-shaped member 20. can do.

For example, in the case of a conventional displacement meter that measures horizontal displacement and converts the horizontal displacement into voltage output, the maximum value of horizontal displacement is 600 mm and the maximum value of voltage is 10 V, and the resolution is 0.01 V. As low as 0.6 mm. On the other hand, in the displacement measuring apparatus 10 of this embodiment, when the length L of the first rod-shaped member 20 is 1500 mm and an encoder (first encoder, second encoder) capable of measuring 365 ° with 21 bits is used, the resolution Becomes as high as 1500 × sin (365/2 ²¹ ) = 0.005 mm.

Furthermore, in the displacement measuring apparatus 10 of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the holding member 28 is second rod-shaped so as to be movable in the out-of-plane direction 46 (Z ₂ axis direction) of the upper surface 34 of the lower structure 18. Since the member 24 is held, even if a vertical displacement occurs in the base seismic isolation layer 14, the relative relationship between the upper structure 16 and the lower structure 18 is not affected by the vertical displacement. The displacement S can be obtained.

  The embodiment of the present invention has been described above.

In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the state of the displacement measuring device 10 in which the first rod-like member 20 is substantially vertical is set as the initial state, and as shown in FIG. 6, the first rod-like member 20 is In the state of the tilted displacement measuring device 10, the relative displacement S between the upper structure 16 and the lower structure 18 is determined based on the rotation angles α ₁ and β ₁ of the upper end portion 38 of the first rod-shaped member 20 and the first rod-shaped member 20. Although the example calculated | required based on this length L was shown, it is good also considering the state of the displacement measuring device 10 in which the 1st rod-shaped member 20 as shown in FIG. 6 inclines as an initial state.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, although the example which formed the 1st rod-shaped member 20 and the 2nd rod-shaped member 24 with the round steel pipe was shown, the 1st rod-shaped member 20 and the 2nd rod-shaped member 24 are as follows. Any member having high rigidity may be used.

  An error in the length L of the first rod-shaped member 20 caused by the bending of the first rod-shaped member 20 and the second rod-shaped member 24 by forming the first rod-shaped member 20 and the second rod-shaped member 24 with a highly rigid member. And the error of the position of the 2nd connection part 26 can be reduced.

Further, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the first measuring means 30 rotates the rotation angle α ₁ around the two horizontal axes (X ₁ axis and Y ₁ axis) of the upper end portion 38 of the first rod-shaped member 20, measured beta _1, the rotation angle alpha _1, and beta _1, by performing arithmetic processing based on the length L of the first rod member 20, relative displacement between the upper structure 16 and the lower structure 18 S In this example, the relative displacement S is measured and the first measuring means 30 is provided in the second connecting portion 26, and the first measuring means 30 allows the horizontal position of the lower end portion 42 of the first rod-shaped member 20 to be measured. Rotational angles α ₂ and β ₂ around two axes (X ₂ axis and Y ₂ axis) are measured, and based on the rotational angles α ₂ and β ₂ and the length L of the first rod-shaped member 20, the first Relative displacement between the upper structure 16 and the lower structure 18 by performing arithmetic processing according to a mathematical formula corresponding to the measurement position of the measurement means 30 The The relative displacement S may be measured in search.

In the present embodiment, the first measuring means 30 measures the rotation angles α ₁ and β ₁ around the two horizontal axes (X ₁ axis and Y ₁ axis) of the upper end portion 38 of the first rod-shaped member 20. Although shown, the holding member 28 may be provided with second measuring means for measuring the moving distance of the second rod-shaped member 24 in the out-of-plane direction 46 with respect to the holding member 28.

In this way, the rotation angles α ₁ and β ₁ around the two horizontal axes (X ₁ axis and Y ₁ axis) of the upper end portion 38 of the first rod-shaped member 20 measured by the first measuring means 30, and the first Based on the length L of the rod-shaped member 20 and the movement distance of the second rod-shaped member 24 in the out-of-plane direction 46 with respect to the holding member 28 measured by the second measuring means, the upper portion in the out-of-plane direction 46 (vertical direction) This relative displacement can be measured by obtaining the relative displacement between the structure 16 and the lower structure 18.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1-5, in the 1st connection part 22, the upper end part 38 of the 1st rod-shaped member 20 is horizontally installed in the lower surface 36 of the upper structure 16 by the universal joint mechanism 32. The second connecting portion 26 is connected to the first rod-like member by the universal joint mechanism 40 so as to be rotatable about two axes (X ₁ axis and Y ₁ axis) and not rotatable about the vertical axis (Z ₁ axis). the lower end 42 of the 20, the upper end portion 44 of the second rod-shaped member 24, rotatably in a horizontal two-axis (X ₂ axis and Y ₂ axis) around and vertical axis (Z ₂ axes) non-rotatably coupled around and, in the holding member 28, immovable in the horizontal direction, non-rotatable about a horizontal axis, movable vertically and rotatably on a vertical axis (Z ₂ axes) around an example of holding the second rod-like member 24 Although shown, the holding member 28 cannot move in the horizontal direction, and the horizontal axis Litho vertical axis (Z ₂ axes) nonrotatably and around, and movable in the vertical direction (Z ₂ axial direction) may be holding the second rod-shaped member 24.

In this case, as shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8, which is a sectional view taken along the line CC in FIG. 7, in the first connecting portion 22, the first rod-like member 20 is attached to the lower surface 36 of the upper structure 16 by the joint mechanism 50. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line DD in FIGS. 9 and 9, in which the upper end portion 38 is connected rotatably around two horizontal axes (X ₁ axis and Y ₁ axis) and around the vertical axis (Z ₁ axis). as shown in FIG. 10, the second connecting portion 26, the joint mechanism 52, the upper end portion 44 of the second rod-shaped member 24 to the lower end portion 42 of the first rod-like member 20, two horizontal axes (X ₂ axis and Y ₂ rotatably coupled axis) around the vertical axis (in the Z ₂ axial) direction.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, the 1st structure to which the one end part of the 1st rod-shaped member 20 is connected is made into the upper structure 16, and the 2nd structure to which the holding member 28 is attached to the lower structure 18 is shown. However, the first structure may be the lower structure 18 and the second structure may be the upper structure 16. That is, as shown in the front view of FIG. 11, the displacement measuring apparatus 10 shown in FIG. Thus, the first structure may be one of the upper structure and the lower structure, and the second structure may be the other of the upper structure and the lower structure.

  Furthermore, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, although the example which has arrange | positioned the displacement measuring device 10 to the basic seismic isolation layer 14 with which the seismic isolation building 12 was equipped was shown, the displacement measuring device 10 of this embodiment is shown. , And can be disposed between various first structures and second structures that move relative to each other. For example, you may arrange | position the displacement measuring device 10 to the middle seismic isolation layer with which the seismic isolation building was equipped. Further, for example, the displacement measuring device 10 may be disposed between the first structure and the second structure that move relative to the vertical direction or the oblique direction.

  As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was described, this invention is not limited to such embodiment at all, Of course, in the range which does not deviate from the summary of this invention, it can implement in a various aspect.

10 Displacement measuring device 16 Upper structure (first structure)
18 Substructure (second structure)
20 1st rod-shaped member 22 1st connection part 24 2nd rod-shaped member 26 2nd connection part 28 Holding member 30 1st measurement means 46 Out-of-plane direction (alpha) ₁ , (beta) ₁ rotation angle

Claims (3)

In the displacement measuring device disposed between the first structure and the second structure that move relative to each other,
A first connecting portion that rotatably connects one end of the first rod-like member to the facing surface of the first structure facing the second structure;
A second connecting portion for rotatably connecting an end portion of the second rod-shaped member to the other end portion of the first rod-shaped member;
A holding member that is attached to a facing surface of the second structure facing the first structure, and that holds the second rod-shaped member movably with respect to an out-of-plane direction of the facing surface of the second structure;
First measuring means for measuring a rotation angle of one end or the other end of the first rod-shaped member;
Displacement measuring device.   The first structure is one of an upper structure and a lower structure, the second structure is the other of the upper structure and the lower structure, and the first measuring means is the first structure. The displacement measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a rotational angle around one horizontal axis of one end or the other end of the rod-shaped member is measured.   The displacement measuring apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a second measuring unit that measures a moving distance of the second rod-shaped member in the out-of-plane direction with respect to the holding member.