JP2018124049A - Absorption refrigerating machine - Google Patents

Abstract

An absorption refrigerator having a simple structure while operating by introducing a heat source fluid having a relatively low temperature is provided. An absorption refrigerator 1 includes a first evaporator E1 that cools a cooling target fluid W, a first absorber A1, and a first absorbent Sw1 that has a reduced concentration in the first absorber A1. A second absorber A2 that heats the first absorbent liquid Sw1 that flows through the first absorbent liquid flow path 15 by absorption heat, and a second evaporation The refrigerant Vs released from the first absorbing liquid Sw1 generated by heating the first absorbing liquid Sw1 in the vessel E2 and the second absorber A2, and the concentration increased due to the refrigerant Vs leaving. A gas-liquid separation unit 90 that separates the first absorption liquid Sa1, and a first concentration that guides the first absorption liquid Sa1 generated in the gas-liquid separation unit 90 to the first absorber A1. A solution channel 91. [Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to an absorption refrigerator, and more particularly to an absorption refrigerator having a simple configuration while operating by introducing a heat source fluid having a relatively low temperature.

  There is an absorption refrigerator that cools cold water by an absorption refrigeration cycle of an absorption liquid and a refrigerant. Absorption refrigerators include hot water-fired absorption refrigerators that operate using hot water such as cooling water from a generator as a heat source. In the hot water absorption absorption refrigerator, the higher the temperature of the hot water that is the heat source, the greater the amount of heat recovered from the hot water, contributing to energy saving. On the other hand, the temperature of the discharged hot water is affected by the characteristics of the discharge source, and may be too low for charging into the hot water-fired absorption refrigerator. In view of such circumstances, a second type absorption heat pump and an absorption refrigerator that take out a heated medium having a temperature higher than the heat source temperature are provided, and the waste heat water is used as a heat source from the waste heat water in the second type absorption heat pump absorber. There is one that generates hot water having a high temperature and uses this as a heat source for an absorption refrigerator (for example, see Patent Document 1).

JP 59-89962 A

  However, the apparatus described in Patent Document 1 is a type in which the second-type absorption heat pump and the absorption refrigerator are each connected by piping, and have become large.

  An object of the present invention is to provide an absorption refrigerator having a simple configuration while introducing and operating a heat source fluid having a relatively low temperature.

  In order to achieve the above object, the absorption refrigerator according to the first aspect of the present invention, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, generates the latent heat of evaporation required when the refrigerant liquid Vf evaporates to become refrigerant vapor Ve1. A first evaporator E1 that cools the cooling target fluid W by depriving it from the cooling target fluid W; and a first vapor V1 generated in the first evaporator E1 is introduced and absorbed in the first absorbent Sa1. A first absorption liquid channel 15 for flowing the first absorption liquid Sw1 having a reduced concentration due to the absorption of the refrigerant vapor Ve1 in the first absorption element A1. A second absorber A2 that heats the first absorbent Sw1 that flows through the first absorbent flow path 15 by the absorption heat released when the second absorbent Sa2 absorbs the refrigerant vapor Ve2. And the refrigerant supplied to the second absorber A2 A heat source fluid H that directly or indirectly heats the refrigerant liquid Vf for generating the vapor Ve2 is introduced, and the refrigerant liquid Vf is heated by the heat of the introduced heat source fluid H to generate the refrigerant vapor Ve2. The second evaporator E2 to be generated; the refrigerant Vs released from the first absorbent liquid Sw1 generated by heating the first absorbent liquid Sw1 in the second absorber A2, and the refrigerant Vs released. The gas-liquid separation unit 90 that separates the first absorption liquid Sa1 whose concentration has increased and the first absorption liquid Sa1 that has been generated in the gas-liquid separation unit 90 and that has been increased in concentration into the first absorber A1 And a first concentrated solution channel 91 for guiding.

  If comprised in this way, the 1st absorption liquid can be heated and regenerated with the absorption heat generated with the 2nd absorber, and it will be set as a simple structure, introducing and operating the heat source fluid of comparatively low temperature. be able to.

  Moreover, the absorption refrigerator which concerns on the 2nd aspect of this invention is the vapor | steam of a refrigerant | coolant in 2nd absorber A2 in the absorption refrigerator 1A which concerns on the said 1st aspect of this invention, for example, as shown in FIG. The second absorption liquid Sw2 having a reduced concentration due to the absorption of Ve2 is introduced, and the introduced second absorption liquid Sw2 is heated with the heat held by the heat source fluid H, whereby a refrigerant is obtained from the second absorption liquid Sw2. A regenerator G2 that desorbs Vg to increase the concentration of the second absorption liquid Sw2; a vapor Vg of refrigerant that has desorbed from the second absorption liquid Sw2 in the regenerator G2, and a refrigerant generated in the gas-liquid separation unit 90 And a common condenser Cs that condenses the introduced refrigerant vapors Vg and Vs to generate refrigerant liquid Vf.

  If comprised in this way, the refrigerant | coolant which remove | deviated from the 1st absorption liquid and the refrigerant | coolant which adsorb | sucked from the 2nd absorption liquid can be condensed collectively, and the further simplification of a structure can be achieved.

  Moreover, the absorption refrigerator which concerns on the 3rd aspect of this invention is 2nd absorber A2a in the absorption refrigerator which concerns on the said 1st aspect or 2nd aspect of this invention, for example, as shown in FIG. Has a plurality of heating tubes 15 constituting the first absorption liquid flow path; the first absorption liquid Sw1 flowing through the inside of the heating pipe 15 flows in the opposite direction through the inside of another heating pipe 15 A plurality of heating pipes 15 are configured in a plurality of paths by the reversing liquid chambers 54; each of the plurality of paths has the same flow path cross-sectional area. It is configured as follows.

  With this configuration, when the ratio of the vapor of the refrigerant separated from the first absorption liquid increases toward the downstream side of the flow, the flow velocity of the first absorption liquid increases toward the downstream side of the flow. As the flow rate increases, the flow rate of the first absorption liquid flowing into each heating tube becomes nearly uniform, and it is possible to suppress a decrease in heat transfer efficiency due to non-uniform flow in the heating tube, and the like. It is possible to avoid the crystallization of the first absorbent by suppressing the situation where the concentration and temperature of the first absorbent are locally increased.

  The absorption refrigerator according to the fourth aspect of the present invention is the absorption refrigerator according to the first aspect or the second aspect of the present invention, wherein the second absorber is the first absorption liquid channel. An inlet liquid chamber that communicates with one or a plurality of heating pipes and supplies the first absorbent to the communicating heating pipe; and one or a plurality of heating pipes And an outlet liquid chamber that communicates with the heating pipe and collects all the first absorption liquid supplied from the inlet liquid chamber to the heating pipe after flowing through the heating pipe.

  With this configuration, the first absorption liquid in the liquid state is supplied from the inlet liquid chamber to the heating tube, and a decrease in heat transfer efficiency due to non-uniform flow in the heating tube can be suppressed. It is possible to avoid the crystallization of the first absorbent by suppressing the situation where the concentration and temperature of the first absorbent are locally increased.

  Moreover, the absorption refrigerator which concerns on the 5th aspect of this invention is the absorption refrigerator 1 which concerns on any one aspect of the said 1st aspect thru | or 4th aspect of this invention, as shown, for example in FIG. , A first absorbent pump 99 for pushing the first absorbent Sw1 introduced into the second absorber A2 into the first absorbent flow path 15 is provided.

  If comprised in this way, the flow volume of the 1st absorption liquid in a 1st absorption liquid flow path can be increased, and the 1st locally resulting from the nonuniformity of the flow in a 1st absorption liquid flow path, etc. It is possible to suppress the situation in which the concentration and temperature of the first absorbent are high, and it is possible to improve the heat transfer efficiency by avoiding crystallization of the first absorbent.

  Moreover, the absorption refrigerator which concerns on the 6th aspect of this invention is the absorption refrigerator 1B which concerns on any one aspect of the said 1st aspect thru | or 5th aspect of this invention, for example, as shown in FIG. The gas-liquid separator 90 is configured integrally with the second absorber A2 by disposing the inlet of the first absorbent liquid Sw1 adjacent to the outlet of the first absorbent liquid flow path 15. .

  If comprised in this way, the enlargement of an apparatus can be suppressed.

  Moreover, the absorption refrigerator which concerns on the 7th aspect of this invention is 2nd absorber A2a in the absorption refrigerator which concerns on the said 6th aspect of this invention, for example, as shown in FIG. 5 (and FIG. 6). (A2b) provided along the can body 57, the liquid phase portion 55q for temporarily storing the first absorption liquid Sa1 flowing through the first absorption liquid flow path 15, and the refrigerant separated from the first absorption liquid Sw1 An outlet liquid chamber 55 (55B) having a gas phase part 55g through which the vapor Vs passes; the outlet liquid chamber 55 (55B) is provided with an eliminator 96 (96B) in the gas phase part 55g, and gas-liquid separation is performed. It is comprised so that it may function as a part.

  If comprised in this way, the gas and liquid of a 1st absorption liquid can be isolate | separated in an exit liquid chamber.

  Moreover, the absorption refrigerator which concerns on the 8th aspect of this invention is an absorption refrigerator which concerns on the said 6th aspect of this invention, for example, as shown in FIG. 7, In the can body 57 of 2nd absorber A2c, A liquid phase part 55q that temporarily stores the first absorbent liquid Sa1 that has flowed through the first absorbent liquid flow path 15 and a gas phase part through which the refrigerant vapor Vs separated from the first absorbent liquid Sw1 passes. The outlet liquid chamber 55C is configured such that the gas phase portion 55g extends horizontally and flows the refrigerant vapor Vs flowing through the gas phase portion 55g to the left and right. A plurality of flow path limiting members 98 that limit the path are provided in the space of the gas phase section 55g, and are configured to function as a gas-liquid separation section.

  If comprised in this way, an exit liquid chamber can be functioned as a gas-liquid separation part with a simple structure.

  Moreover, the absorption refrigerator which concerns on the 9th aspect of this invention is the absorption refrigerator 1C which concerns on any one aspect of the said 1st aspect thru | or 8th aspect of this invention, for example, as shown in FIG. The second high-temperature evaporator E2H that generates the vapor of the refrigerant V supplied to the second absorber A2H; the second absorbent S2 introduced directly or indirectly from the second absorber A2H is the refrigerant V And a second low-temperature absorber A2L that heats the refrigerant Vf of the second high-temperature evaporator E2H by the absorption heat released when the vapor is absorbed.

  If comprised in this way, the thing of a lower temperature can be utilized as a heat source fluid introduce | transduced into a 2nd evaporator.

  According to the present invention, the first absorption liquid can be heated and regenerated with the absorption heat generated by the second absorber, and a simple configuration is achieved while operating by introducing a relatively low temperature heat source fluid. be able to.

1 is a schematic system diagram of an absorption refrigerator according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a Duhring diagram in an absorption refrigerator concerning an embodiment of the invention. It is a typical systematic diagram of the absorption refrigerator which concerns on the 1st modification of embodiment of this invention. It is a typical systematic diagram of the absorption refrigerator which concerns on the 2nd modification of embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the 1st modification of the 2nd absorber with which the absorption refrigerator which concerns on the 2nd modification of embodiment of this invention is provided. It is sectional drawing of the 2nd modification of the 2nd absorber with which the absorption refrigerator which concerns on the 2nd modification of embodiment of this invention is provided. It is sectional drawing of the 3rd modification of the 2nd absorber with which the absorption refrigerator which concerns on the 2nd modification of embodiment of this invention is provided. It is a typical systematic diagram of the absorption refrigerator which concerns on the 3rd modification of embodiment of this invention. It is a partial systematic diagram which shows the structure at the time of providing the circulation pump in the absorption refrigerator which concerns on embodiment of this invention.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, the same or similar members are denoted by the same or similar reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.

First, with reference to FIG. 1, the absorption refrigerator 1 which concerns on embodiment of this invention is demonstrated. FIG. 1 is a schematic system diagram of the absorption refrigerator 1. The absorption refrigerator 1 includes, as main devices, a first absorber A1, a first evaporator E1, a first condenser C1, a second absorber A2, a second evaporator E2, and a second regenerator G2. And a second condenser C2 and a gas-liquid separator 90. In addition, the absorption refrigerator 1 is not provided with the 1st regenerator as an independent structure. The absorption refrigerator 1 is a device that causes heat transfer by circulating the refrigerant while undergoing phase change with respect to the absorption liquid, and reduces the temperature of the cold water W that is the cooling target fluid. In the following description, the absorption liquid is referred to as “first dilute solution Sw1”, “second concentrated solution Sa2”, etc., depending on the properties and the position on the absorption cycle in order to facilitate distinction on the absorption cycle. However, when the properties and the like are not asked, they are collectively referred to as “absorbing liquid S”. Further, regarding the refrigerant, in order to facilitate the distinction on the absorption cycle, the “first evaporator refrigerant vapor Ve1”, “regenerator refrigerant vapor Vg”, “refrigerant liquid Vf” are selected according to the property and the position on the absorption cycle. However, when the property or the like is unquestioned, it is generally referred to as “refrigerant V”. In this embodiment, LiBr aqueous solution is used as the absorbing liquid S (mixture of the absorbent and the refrigerant), and water (H ₂ O) is used as the refrigerant V. , Or a combination of absorbents (absorbents).

  The first absorber A1 is a device that absorbs the first evaporator refrigerant vapor Ve1 generated in the first evaporator E1 with the first concentrated solution Sa1, and corresponds to the first absorber. The first absorber A1 includes a cooling pipe 11 through which the cooling water Y flows, and a first concentrated solution spray nozzle 12 that sprays the first concentrated solution Sa1 toward the outer surface of the cooling pipe 11, and a first absorber can body 17. Have inside. The first concentrated solution spray nozzle 12 is disposed above the cooling pipe 11 so that the sprayed first concentrated solution Sa1 falls on the cooling pipe 11. The first absorber A1 stores, in the lower portion of the first absorber can body 17, the first dilute solution Sw1 having a reduced concentration due to the sprayed first concentrated solution Sa1 absorbing the first evaporator refrigerant vapor Ve1. At the same time, the cooling water Y takes away the absorption heat generated when the first concentrated solution Sa1 absorbs the first evaporator refrigerant vapor Ve1. One end of a first diluted solution pipe 18 that guides the first diluted solution Sw1 to the second absorber A2 is connected to the lower portion (typically the bottom) of the first absorber can body 17. The first dilute solution pipe 18 is provided with a first dilute solution pump 19 for pumping the first dilute solution Sw1.

  The first evaporator E1 is a device that cools the cold water W by evaporating the refrigerant liquid Vf with the heat of the cold water W to generate the first evaporator refrigerant vapor Ve1, and corresponds to the first evaporator. The first evaporator E1 includes an evaporation pipe 21 through which the cold water W flows and a refrigerant liquid spray nozzle 22 that sprays the refrigerant liquid Vf toward the outer surface of the evaporation pipe 21 inside the first evaporator can body 27. ing. The refrigerant liquid spray nozzle 22 is disposed above the evaporation pipe 21 so that the sprayed refrigerant liquid Vf falls on the evaporation pipe 21. The first evaporator E1 includes a refrigerant liquid pipe 28 that guides the refrigerant liquid Vf stored in the lower part of the first evaporator can body 27 to the refrigerant liquid spray nozzle 22, and the refrigerant liquid Vf in the refrigerant liquid pipe 28 as a refrigerant liquid. A first refrigerant pump 29 that feeds the spray nozzle 22; The first evaporator E1 takes heat of vaporization for the refrigerant liquid Vf sprayed on the outer surface of the evaporation pipe 21 to evaporate into the first evaporator refrigerant vapor Ve1 from the cold water W flowing in the evaporation pipe 21. Cooling water W is cooled, and the refrigerant liquid Vf that has not evaporated out of the sprayed refrigerant liquid Vf is stored in the lower portion of the evaporator can body 27.

  In the present embodiment, the first absorber A1 and the first evaporator E1 are disposed adjacent to each other, and the upper part of the first absorber can body 17 and the upper part of the first evaporator can body 27 communicate with each other. ing. With such a configuration, the first evaporator refrigerant vapor Ve <b> 1 generated inside the first evaporator can body 27 can be guided to the inside of the first absorber can body 17.

  The first condenser C1 is a device that introduces the separated refrigerant vapor Vs from the gas-liquid separator 90, cools and condenses it, and generates the refrigerant liquid Vf that is sent to the first evaporator E1. The first condenser C <b> 1 has a condensation pipe 41 that forms a flow path for the cooling water Y inside the first condenser can body 47. The condensation pipe 41 is preferably disposed so as not to be immersed in the condensed refrigerant liquid Vf so that the separated refrigerant vapor Vs can be directly cooled. One end of the condensing pipe 41 is connected to the other end of the cooling water communication pipe 34 whose one end is connected to the cooling pipe 11. The other end of the condensing pipe 41 and the other end of the cooling pipe 11 are connected to a pipe connected to a cooling tower (not shown) outside the absorption refrigerator 1. With such a configuration, the cooling water Y flowing out of the condensation pipe 41 is cooled by a cooling tower (not shown) and supplied to the cooling pipe 11. A refrigerant liquid pipe 48 that guides the condensed refrigerant liquid Vf to the first evaporator E1 is connected to the first condenser C1. One end of the refrigerant liquid pipe 48 is connected to the portion (typically the bottom) where the refrigerant liquid Vf is stored below the first condenser can body 47 and the other end is connected to the first evaporator can body 27. ing.

  The second absorber A2 is a device that absorbs the second evaporator refrigerant vapor Ve2 generated in the second evaporator E2 with the second concentrated solution Sa2, and corresponds to a second absorber. The second absorber A2 has a heating tube 15 and a second concentrated solution spray nozzle 52 that sprays the second concentrated solution Sa2 toward the outer surface of the heating tube 15 inside the second absorber can body 57. Yes. The heating tube 15 is a tube that constitutes a flow path for flowing the first dilute solution Sw1 generated by the first absorber A1, and corresponds to the first absorbent liquid flow path. The second concentrated solution spray nozzle 52 is disposed above the heating tube 15 so that the sprayed second concentrated solution Sa2 falls on the heating tube 15. The second absorber A2 stores, in the lower portion of the second absorber can body 57, the second dilute solution Sw2 having a reduced concentration due to the sprayed second concentrated solution Sa2 absorbing the second evaporator refrigerant vapor Ve2. At the same time, the first diluted solution Sw1 flowing inside the heating tube 15 is heated by the absorption heat generated when the second concentrated solution Sa2 absorbs the second evaporator refrigerant vapor Ve2. One end of a second dilute solution tube 58 that guides the second dilute solution Sw2 to the second regenerator G2 is connected to the lower part (typically the bottom) of the second absorber can body 57.

  The second evaporator E2 is a device that generates the second evaporator refrigerant vapor Ve2 supplied to the second absorber A2, and corresponds to a second evaporator. The second evaporator E <b> 2 has a heat source pipe 61 constituting a flow path of the heat source fluid H inside the second evaporator can body 67. The second evaporator E <b> 2 does not have a nozzle for spraying the refrigerant liquid Vf inside the second evaporator can body 67. For this reason, the heat source pipe 61 is disposed so as to be immersed in the refrigerant liquid Vf stored in the second evaporator can body 67 (full liquid evaporator). The second evaporator E2 is configured such that the refrigerant liquid Vf around the heat source pipe 22 is evaporated by the heat of the heat source fluid H flowing in the heat source pipe 22 to generate the second evaporator refrigerant vapor Ve2. A refrigerant liquid pipe 88 that supplies the refrigerant liquid Vf into the second evaporator can body 67 is connected to the second evaporator can body 67.

  In the present embodiment, the second absorber A2 and the second evaporator E2 are disposed adjacent to each other, and the upper part of the second absorber can body 57 and the upper part of the second evaporator can body 67 communicate with each other. ing. With such a configuration, the second evaporator refrigerant vapor Ve <b> 2 generated inside the second evaporator can body 67 can be guided to the inside of the second absorber can body 57.

  The second regenerator G2 is a device that heats and concentrates the second dilute solution Sw2 generated in the second absorber A2 to regenerate the second concentrated solution Sa2, and corresponds to a regenerator. The second regenerator G2 has a heat source pipe 71 constituting a flow path of the heat source fluid H and a second dilute solution spray nozzle 72 for spraying the second dilute solution Sw2 inside the second regenerator can body 77. doing. The other end of the second dilute solution pipe 58 is connected to the second dilute solution spray nozzle 72. In this embodiment, the heat source fluid H flowing through the heat source pipe 71 of the second regenerator G2 is the same as the heat source fluid H flowing through the heat source pipe 61 of the second evaporator E2, and after flowing through the heat source pipe 61 A heat source fluid communication pipe 37 is connected to flow through the heat source pipe 71. Different heat source media may flow through the heat source tubes 61 and 71. The second dilute solution spray nozzle 72 is disposed above the heat source pipe 71 so that the sprayed second dilute solution Sw2 falls on the heat source pipe 71. The second regenerator G2 generates a second concentrated solution Sa2 whose concentration is increased by evaporating the refrigerant V from the second diluted solution Sw2 by heating the sprayed second diluted solution Sw2 with the heat source fluid H. The The second regenerator G2 is configured such that the generated second concentrated solution Sa2 is stored in the lower part. The second regenerator G2 is connected to a second concentrated solution pipe 78 that guides the generated second concentrated solution Sa2 to the second absorber A2. One end of the second concentrated solution tube 78 is connected to a portion (typically the bottom) of the second regenerator can body 77 where the second concentrated solution Sa2 is stored, and the other end is the second concentrated solution. Connected to the spray nozzle 52. The second concentrated solution pipe 78 is provided with a second concentrated solution pump 79 for pumping the second concentrated solution Sa2.

  The second condenser C <b> 2 has a cooling water pipe 81 that forms a flow path of the cooling water Y inside the second condenser can body 87. The second condenser C2 is configured to introduce the regenerator refrigerant vapor Vg that is the vapor of the refrigerant V generated in the second regenerator G2, cool it with the cooling water Y, and condense it. The cooling water pipe 81 is preferably arranged so that the regenerator refrigerant vapor Vg is not immersed in the condensed refrigerant liquid Vf so that the regenerator refrigerant vapor Vg can be directly cooled. In this embodiment, the cooling water Y flowing through the cooling water pipe 81 of the second condenser C2 is the same as the cooling water Y flowing through the cooling pipe 11 of the first absorber A1 and the condensation pipe 41 of the first condenser C1. The cooling pipe 11 and the condensing pipe 41 are configured to flow in parallel. A refrigerant liquid pipe 88 that guides the condensed refrigerant liquid Vf to the second evaporator E2 is connected to the second condenser C2. One end of the refrigerant liquid pipe 88 is connected to the portion (typically the bottom) where the refrigerant liquid Vf is stored at the lower part of the second condenser can body 87, and the other end is connected to the second evaporator can body 67. Has been. The refrigerant liquid pipe 88 is provided with a condensing refrigerant pump 89 for pumping the refrigerant liquid Vf.

  The second regenerator G2 and the second condenser C2 communicate with each other. By connecting the second regenerator G2 and the second condenser C2, the regenerator refrigerant vapor Vg generated in the second regenerator G2 can be supplied to the second condenser C2. The second regenerator G2 and the second condenser C2 communicate with each other in the upper gas phase portion. Moreover, the 2nd regenerator G2 and the 2nd condenser C2 become substantially the same internal pressure by communicating. In the present embodiment, the second regenerator G2 and the second condenser C2 are at the same height as the first condenser C1, below the second absorber A2 and the second evaporator E2, and the first It is provided above the absorber A1 and the first evaporator E1.

  The gas-liquid separator 90 is a mixed fluid Sm (first concentrated solution Sa1 and separated refrigerant vapor Vs generated by boiling the first dilute solution Sw1 heated by passing through the heating pipe 15 of the second absorber A2. Is a device that separates the first concentrated solution Sa1 and the separated refrigerant vapor Vs, and corresponds to a gas-liquid separation unit. The separated refrigerant vapor Vs is the vapor of the refrigerant V separated from the first dilute solution Sw1. The first concentrated solution Sa1 is the absorbing solution S whose concentration has increased from the first diluted solution Sw1 due to the separation refrigerant vapor Vs being released. The gas-liquid separator 90 includes a first concentrated solution pipe 91 that leads the first concentrated solution Sa1 to the first absorber A1, a separated refrigerant vapor pipe 94 that leads the separated refrigerant vapor Vs to the first condenser C1, and a first A return pipe 95 that guides the concentrated solution Sa1 to the first dilute solution pipe 18 in the vicinity of the second absorber A2 is connected to the first absorbent pipe 16 after heating for introducing the mixed fluid Sm from the second absorber A2. Yes. The first concentrated solution pipe 91 constitutes a first concentrated solution flow path, and one end thereof is connected to a portion (typically the bottom) where the first concentrated solution Sa1 is stored at the bottom of the gas-liquid separator 90, The other end is connected to the first concentrated solution spray nozzle 12. One end of the separated refrigerant vapor pipe 94 is connected to the gas phase part (typically the top part) of the upper part of the gas-liquid separator 90, and the other end is connected to the upper part of the first condenser can body 47. The return pipe 95 has one end connected to the portion (typically the bottom) where the first concentrated solution Sa1 at the lower part of the gas-liquid separator 90 is stored, and the other end connected to the first diluted solution near the second absorber A2. Connected to the solution tube 18. After heating, the first absorption liquid pipe 16 has one end connected to the heating pipe 15 of the second absorber A2 and the other end connected to the gas phase part on the side of the gas-liquid separator 90.

  The absorption refrigerator 1 further includes a first heat exchanger 31 and a second heat exchanger 32. The first heat exchanger 31 is a device that exchanges heat between the first diluted solution Sw <b> 1 flowing through the first diluted solution tube 18 and the first concentrated solution Sa <b> 1 flowing through the first concentrated solution tube 91. The second heat exchanger 32 is a device that exchanges heat between the second diluted solution Sw2 flowing through the second diluted solution tube 58 and the second concentrated solution Sa2 flowing through the second concentrated solution tube 78.

  Next, the operation of the absorption refrigerator 1 will be described with reference to FIG. 2 together with FIG. FIG. 2 is a dueling diagram of the absorption refrigerator 1. In the Dueling diagram of FIG. 2, the vertical axis represents the dew point temperature of the refrigerant (water in the present embodiment) and the horizontal axis represents the temperature of the absorbing liquid (LiBr aqueous solution in the present embodiment). A line rising to the right represents an isoconcentration line of the absorbing solution, and the concentration increases toward the right and decreases toward the left. Since the dew point temperature indicated by the vertical axis has a corresponding relationship with the saturation pressure, in the absorption cycle of the present embodiment where the vapor of the refrigerant is saturated vapor, the vertical axis indicates the main constituent members (absorber, evaporator, regenerator). It can also be seen as representing the internal pressure of the condenser.

  In the second condenser C2, the regenerator refrigerant vapor Vg evaporated in the second regenerator G2 is received, cooled and condensed with the cooling water Y flowing through the cooling water pipe 81, and used as the refrigerant liquid Vf. The condensed refrigerant liquid Vf is sent into the second evaporator can body 67 of the second evaporator E2 by the condensed refrigerant pump 89. The refrigerant liquid Vf sent into the second evaporator can body 67 is heated by the heat source fluid H flowing in the heat source pipe 61 under the dew point temperature T2H and evaporated to become the second evaporator refrigerant vapor Ve2. The second evaporator refrigerant vapor Ve2 generated in the second evaporator E2 moves to the second absorber A2 communicating with the second evaporator E2. Thus, in the absorption refrigerator 1, the refrigerant liquid Vf that becomes the second evaporator refrigerant vapor Ve2 supplied to the second absorber A2 is directly heated by the heat of the heat source fluid H.

  In the second absorber A2, the second concentrated solution Sa2 is sprayed from the second concentrated solution spray nozzle 52, and the sprayed second concentrated solution Sa2 is moved from the second evaporator E2 and the second evaporator refrigerant vapor Ve2. Absorbs. The second concentrated solution Sa2 that has absorbed the second evaporator refrigerant vapor Ve2 is reduced in concentration to become the second diluted solution Sw2 (A2a to A2b). In the second absorber A2, heat of absorption is generated when the second concentrated solution Sa2 absorbs the second evaporator refrigerant vapor Ve2. The first dilute solution Sw1 flowing through the heating tube 15 is heated by the absorbed heat. The second dilute solution Sw <b> 2 whose concentration has decreased from the second concentrated solution Sa <b> 2 by absorbing the second evaporator refrigerant vapor Ve <b> 2 is stored in the lower part of the second absorber can body 57. The stored second dilute solution Sw2 flows through the second dilute solution tube 58 toward the second regenerator G2 due to gravity and the internal pressure difference between the second absorber A2 and the second regenerator G2, and performs second heat exchange. The temperature is lowered by heat exchange with the second concentrated solution Sa2 in the vessel 32, and the second regenerator G2 is reached.

  The second dilute solution Sw2 sent to the second regenerator G2 is sprayed from the second dilute solution spray nozzle 72, heated by the heat source fluid H flowing through the heat source pipe 71 under the dew point temperature T2L, and sprayed second. The refrigerant in the dilute solution Sw2 evaporates to become the second concentrated solution Sa2 (G2a to G2b), and is stored in the lower part of the second regenerator can body 77. On the other hand, the refrigerant V evaporated from the second dilute solution Sw2 moves to the second condenser C2 as the regenerator refrigerant vapor Vg. The second concentrated solution Sa2 stored in the lower part of the second regenerator can body 77 is supplied by the second concentrated solution pump 79 via the second concentrated solution pipe 78 to the second concentrated solution spray nozzle 52 of the second absorber A2. To be pumped. The second concentrated solution Sa2 flowing through the second concentrated solution tube 78 exchanges heat with the second diluted solution Sw2 in the second heat exchanger 32 and rises in temperature. Then, the second concentrated solution Sa2 flows into the second absorber A2. Sprayed from the solution spray nozzle 52. The second concentrated solution Sa2 that has returned to the second absorber A2 absorbs the second evaporator refrigerant vapor Ve2, and thereafter repeats the same cycle.

  In parallel with the absorption cycle in the second absorber A2, the second evaporator E2, the second regenerator G2, and the second condenser C2, the following absorption cycle is performed in the first absorber A1 and the like. Is done. The separated refrigerant vapor Vs introduced from the gas-liquid separator 90 to the first condenser C1 via the separated refrigerant vapor pipe 94 is cooled and condensed at the dew point temperature T1H by the cooling water Y flowing through the condenser pipe 41, and The refrigerant liquid Vf is stored in the lower part of the first condenser can body 47. The refrigerant liquid Vf in the first condenser can body 47 is introduced into the first evaporator can body 27 via the refrigerant liquid pipe 48.

  The refrigerant liquid Vf introduced from the first condenser can body 47 to the first evaporator can body 27 is stored in the lower part of the first evaporator can body 27. The refrigerant liquid Vf in the first evaporator can body 27 flows through the refrigerant liquid pipe 28 and reaches the refrigerant liquid spray nozzle 22 by the first refrigerant pump 29. The refrigerant liquid Vf that has reached the refrigerant liquid spray nozzle 22 is sprayed toward the evaporation pipe 21, obtains the heat of the cold water W flowing through the evaporation pipe 21, and partially evaporates under the dew point temperature T1L, so that the first evaporator The refrigerant vapor Ve1 is introduced into the first absorber can body 17. The cold water W deprived of heat by the sprayed refrigerant liquid Vf drops in temperature and flows out of the evaporation pipe 21 and is supplied to a place where the cold water W is used such as an air conditioner. The refrigerant liquid Vf sprayed from the refrigerant liquid spray nozzle 22 and not evaporated is mixed with the refrigerant liquid Vf introduced from the first condenser can body 47 and stored in the lower part of the first evaporator can body 27.

  The first evaporator refrigerant vapor Ve1 generated by the refrigerant liquid Vf taking heat from the cold water W flows into the first absorber can body 17 as described above. In the first absorber A1, the first concentrated solution Sa1 sprayed from the first concentrated solution spray nozzle 12 toward the cooling pipe 11 absorbs the first evaporator refrigerant vapor Ve1 that has moved from the first evaporator E1. The concentration decreases to become the first dilute solution Sw1 (A1a to A1b). In the first absorber can body 17, when the first concentrated solution Sa1 absorbs the first evaporator refrigerant vapor Ve1, absorption heat is generated. The generated absorbed heat is removed by the cooling water Y flowing through the cooling pipe 11. The cooling water Y flowing through the cooling pipe 11 is deprived of absorbed heat, rises in temperature, flows out to the cooling water communication pipe 34, and is supplied to the condensing pipe 41 of the first condenser C1. The first dilute solution Sw <b> 1 generated in the first absorber can body 17 is stored in the first absorber can body 17.

  The first dilute solution Sw1 in the first absorber can body 17 is pumped to the first dilute solution pump 19 to flow through the first dilute solution pipe 18, and the first concentrated solution Sa1 in the first heat exchanger 31. The temperature rises due to heat exchange. Thereafter, in the first dilute solution Sw1, the remaining amount excluding a predetermined amount flowing out to the first concentrated solution pipe 91 out of the first concentrated solution Sa1 stored in the lower part of the gas-liquid separator 90 is returned to the return pipe 95. The first dilute solution Sw1 joins with the inflowing first concentrated solution Sa1. The first dilute solution Sw1 merged with the first concentrated solution Sa1 is introduced into the heating tube 15 in the second absorber A2. As described above, the first diluted solution Sw1 introduced into the heating tube 15 in the second absorber A2 is heated by the absorption heat generated when the second concentrated solution Sa2 absorbs the second evaporator refrigerant vapor Ve2. Is done. In this way, the first dilute solution Sw1 is directly heated by the absorption heat generated in the second absorber A2 when flowing through the heating tube 15 without passing through another medium. Thermal efficiency is superior to the conventional case of heating. Further, since the heating for regenerating the first dilute solution Sw1 is performed in the heating tube 15 provided in the second absorber A2, a regenerator for regenerating the first dilute solution Sw1 is not separately provided. Thus, the apparatus configuration can be simplified and the increase in size of the apparatus can be suppressed.

  The first dilute solution Sw1 heated by flowing through the heating tube 15 becomes the first concentrated solution Sa1 whose concentration is increased by the separation of the refrigerant V (15a to 15b). The absorption liquid that has flowed out of the heating pipe 15 passes through the first absorption liquid pipe 16 after heating as a mixed fluid Sm of the separated refrigerant vapor Vs that is the refrigerant V separated from the first dilute solution Sw1 and the first concentrated solution Sa1. It flows into the gas-liquid separator 90. In the gas-liquid separator 90, the separated refrigerant vapor Vs and the first concentrated solution Sa1 are separated, the separated refrigerant vapor Vs gathers in the upper gas phase part, and the first concentrated solution Sa1 is stored in the lower part. The separated refrigerant vapor Vs separated by the gas-liquid separator 90 flows into the first condenser C1 through the separated refrigerant vapor pipe 94. On the other hand, the first concentrated solution Sa1 stored in the lower part of the gas-liquid separator 90 has a predetermined amount appropriate for the heat output in the first absorber A1 of the stored first concentrated solution Sa1. 91, the first heat exchanger 31 exchanges heat with the first dilute solution Sw <b> 1 to lower the temperature, and reaches the first concentrated solution spray nozzle 12. The remaining amount of the first concentrated solution Sa1 stored in the lower part of the gas-liquid separator 90 excluding a predetermined amount flowing out to the first concentrated solution pipe 91 is the return pipe 95 and some of the first diluted solution pipes. 18 and the first dilute solution Sw1 fed by the first dilute solution pump 19, and then flows into the heating pipe 15 and heated by the above-described absorption heat. Then, the gas-liquid separator 90 is returned to. That is, the remaining amount of the first concentrated solution Sa1 stored in the lower part of the gas-liquid separator 90, excluding a predetermined amount flowing out to the first concentrated solution tube 91, is the heating tube 15 and the gas-liquid separator 90. Circulate between. At this time, in the present embodiment, the first concentrated solution Sa1 that circulates between the heating tube 15 and the gas-liquid separator 90 has a positional head and density difference between the gas-liquid separator 90 and the heating tube 15. Natural circulation by the bubble pump action based. As described above, when the first concentrated solution Sa1 is naturally circulated between the gas-liquid separator 90 and the heating tube 15 by the bubble pump action, the gas-liquid separator 90 is arranged at the uppermost heating tube 15. If it is installed at a higher position than that, the bubble pump effect may be enhanced. Thereafter, the same cycle is repeated.

  As described above, according to the absorption refrigerator 1 according to the present embodiment, the second concentrated solution Sa2 in the second absorber A2 that is higher than the temperature of the introduced heat source fluid H is the second evaporator. Since the first dilute solution Sw1 flowing through the heating tube 15 is heated by the absorption heat generated when the refrigerant vapor Ve2 is absorbed, the cold water W can be produced even when the introduced heat source fluid H is at a relatively low temperature. Moreover, since the 1st diluted solution Sw1 which flows through the heating pipe 15 is directly heated with the absorbed heat generated in 2nd absorber A2, it becomes the thing excellent in thermal efficiency. Further, since the heating for regenerating the first dilute solution Sw1 is performed in the heating tube 15 provided in the second absorber A2, a regenerator for regenerating the first dilute solution Sw1 is not separately provided. Thus, the apparatus configuration can be simplified and the increase in size of the apparatus can be suppressed.

  Next, with reference to FIG. 3, the absorption refrigerator 1A which concerns on the 1st modification of embodiment of this invention is demonstrated. FIG. 3 is a schematic system diagram of the absorption refrigerator 1A. The absorption refrigerator 1A is different from the absorption refrigerator 1 (see FIG. 1) in the following points. The absorption refrigerator 1A is provided with a common condenser Cs instead of the first condenser C1 and the second condenser C2 in the absorption refrigerator 1 (see FIG. 1). The common condenser Cs introduces the regenerator refrigerant vapor Vg from the second regenerator G2 and also introduces the separated refrigerant vapor Vs from the gas-liquid separator 90, condenses the introduced refrigerant vapors Vg and Vs to produce the refrigerant liquid Vf. It is a device to generate. The common condenser Cs has a common cooling water pipe 481 that forms a flow path for the cooling water Y inside the common condenser can body 487. One end of the common cooling water pipe 481 is connected to the other end of the cooling water communication pipe 34 whose one end is connected to the cooling pipe 11. The common condenser Cs communicates with the second regenerator G2 at the upper gas phase so that the regenerator refrigerant vapor Vg can be introduced from the second regenerator G2. One end of a separated refrigerant vapor pipe 94 is connected to the gas phase part (typically the top part) of the upper part of the common condenser can body 487. One end of a common refrigerant liquid pipe 488 for allowing the refrigerant liquid Vf to flow out is connected to the liquid phase part (typically the bottom part) of the lower part of the common condenser can body 487. Connected to the other end of the common refrigerant liquid pipe 488 are a refrigerant liquid pipe 48 that leads the refrigerant liquid Vf to the first evaporator E1 and a refrigerant liquid pipe 88 that leads the refrigerant liquid Vf to the second evaporator can body 67. Yes. The refrigerant liquid pipe 88 is provided with a condensing refrigerant pump 89 for pumping the refrigerant liquid Vf. The structure of the absorption refrigerator 1A other than the above is the same as that of the absorption refrigerator 1 (see FIG. 1). According to the absorption refrigerator 1A configured as described above, the regenerator refrigerant vapor Vg and the separated refrigerant vapor Vs can be condensed together in the common condenser Cs, and the apparatus configuration can be further simplified. it can.

  Next, with reference to FIG. 4, the absorption refrigerator 1B which concerns on the 2nd modification of embodiment of this invention is demonstrated. FIG. 4 is a schematic system diagram of the absorption refrigerator 1B. The absorption refrigerator 1B is different from the absorption refrigerator 1 (see FIG. 1) in that the gas-liquid separator 90 is configured integrally with the second absorber A2. In the absorption refrigerator 1B, the outlet of the heating pipe 15 disposed inside the second absorber can body 57 is directly connected to the gas-liquid separator 90, so that the gas-liquid separator 90 performs the second absorption. It is provided in contact with the side wall of the can body 57. For this reason, in the absorption refrigerator 1B, the 1st absorption liquid pipe | tube 16 (refer FIG. 1) after a heating provided with the absorption refrigerator 1 (refer FIG. 1) is not provided. That is, in the absorption refrigerator 1 </ b> B, the inlet of the mixed fluid Sm in the gas-liquid separator 90 is disposed adjacent to the outlet of the heating pipe 15, so that the gas-liquid separator 90 and the second absorber can body 57 are Are integrally formed. In the absorption refrigerator 1B, the gas-liquid separator 90 can be regarded as an outlet liquid chamber of the second absorber A2 having a gas-liquid separation function. The structure of the absorption refrigerator 1B other than the above is the same as that of the absorption refrigerator 1 (see FIG. 1). According to the absorption refrigerator 1B configured as described above, the gas-liquid separator 90 does not need to be a can body independent of the second absorber A2, and the apparatus can be prevented from being enlarged. Note that the internal pressure of the gas-liquid separator 90 is as low as less than atmospheric pressure like the internal pressure of the second condenser C2 into which the separated refrigerant vapor Vs flows, and the specific volume of the separated refrigerant vapor Vs is relatively large. Is likely to become large, but in order to suppress the increase in size, the following configuration is preferable.

  FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a second absorber A2a according to a modification. In the second absorber A2a, the heating tube 15 and the second concentrated solution spray nozzle 52 are accommodated in the second absorber can body 57, and a liquid chamber forming member 59 is provided outside the second absorber can body 57. Configured. The liquid chamber forming member 59 is a general term for a liquid chamber forming member 59A provided at one end of the second absorber can body 57 and a liquid chamber forming member 59B provided at the other end. The liquid chamber forming member 59 is a member that supplies the first dilute solution Sw1 to each heating tube 15 or forms therein a liquid chamber that collects the first dilute solution Sw1 or the mixed fluid Sm from each heating tube 15. In the present modification, the liquid chambers are distinguished from each other for convenience, referring to the inlet liquid chamber 53, the outlet liquid chamber 55, and the reversal liquid chamber 54, which are other liquid chambers, depending on the function or application. The second absorber can body 57 is typically formed so as to be horizontally long when installed.

  In the present modification, a plurality of heating tubes 15 that are formed in a straight line are provided in the second absorber can body 57. Each heating tube 15 is joined to one end of the horizontally long second absorber can body 57 and the other end on the opposite side. The surface of the second absorber can body 57 to which the heating tube 15 is joined is formed as a tube plate (heating tube plate) in which a hole through which the heating tube 15 can be inserted is formed. The inside of the heating tube 15 joined to the tube plates at both ends of the second absorber can body 57 is not communicated with the inside of the second absorber can body 57. In other words, the first dilute solution Sw1 or the mixed fluid Sm flowing in the heating tube 15 and the fluid (the second concentrated solution Sa2 and the second concentrated solution Sa2 and the fluid flowing out into the second absorber can body 57 and existing outside the heating tube 15). The second evaporator refrigerant vapor Ve2) is configured not to be mixed.

  In the present modification, each heating tube 15 is arranged so that its axis is horizontal from the viewpoint of bringing the dispersed second concentrated solution Sa2 into contact with the outer surface of the heating tube 15 as much as possible as a thin liquid film. However, each heating tube 15 is arranged so that the axis is inclined with a leading up slope within a range in which the second concentrated solution Sa2 spreads wet on the outer surface to such an extent that desired absorption heat can be obtained. Also good. Among the heating tubes 15 provided in the second absorber can body 57, the heating tube 15 disposed at the lowest in the vertical direction is disposed at a position where a space for storing the second dilute solution Sw2 is secured below. Has been. On the other hand, the heating tube 15 disposed at the uppermost portion of the second absorber can body 57 is disposed at a position where a space where the second concentrated solution spray nozzle 52 can be installed is secured.

  The liquid chamber forming member 59 is attached to both surfaces (tube plates) of the second absorber can body 57 to which the ends of the heating tubes 15 are joined. The liquid chamber forming member 59 is a rectangular parallelepiped member whose one surface is opened, and the opened surface covers one end of the plurality of heating tubes 15 attached to the tube plate of the second absorber can body 57. The second absorber can body 57 is attached to the tube plate. By attaching the liquid chamber forming member 59 to the tube plate of the second absorber can body 57, a space surrounded by the liquid chamber forming member 59 and the tube plate of the second absorber can body 57 becomes a liquid chamber. By providing the partition plate 59s inside the liquid chamber forming member 59, the inside of one liquid chamber forming member 59A is divided into an inlet liquid chamber 53, a reversal liquid chamber 54, and an outlet liquid chamber 55, and the other liquid chamber is formed. The inside of the member 59B is divided into a plurality of reversal liquid chambers 54. Each liquid chamber 53, 54, 55 communicates with the inside of each heating tube 15. That is, the first dilute solution Sw1 or the mixed fluid Sm flows into and out of the liquid chambers 53, 54, and 55. In each liquid chamber 53, 54, 55, one end of the heating tube 15 for flowing the first dilute solution Sw1 or the mixed fluid Sm flowing into the liquid chamber 53, 54, 55, and / or the liquid chamber 53, 54, One end of the heating tube 15 through which the first dilute solution Sw1 or the mixed fluid Sm that has flowed out from the flow channel 55 flows is communicated.

  The partition plate 59s is arranged so that one or two or more heating tubes 15 for allowing the first dilute solution Sw1 or the mixed fluid Sm to flow into and out of a certain liquid chamber communicate with different liquid chambers in the opposite liquid chamber. is set up. As a result, the first dilute solution Sw1 or the mixed fluid Sm flowing through each heating tube 15 and the liquid chamber flows from the inlet liquid chamber 53 located at the most upstream to the heating tube 15 communicating therewith in one direction, and on the opposite side. The reversal liquid chamber 54 changes the flow direction and flows through another heating tube 15 communicating with the reversal liquid chamber 54 in a direction opposite to the one direction. The absorber can body 57 is configured to pass through. Further, the partition plate 59s is configured so that the first dilute solution Sw1 or the mixed fluid Sm flowing as a single flow through the heating tubes 15 and the liquid chambers 53, 54, 55 as a whole moves downward in the second absorber can body 57 as a whole. The liquid chambers 53, 54, and 55 are installed so as to partition upward from the bottom. In the example shown in FIG. 5, the heating tube 15 is configured in four passes. Here, the “pass” is a unit of a flow path in which a fluid flowing in a certain heating pipe 15 flows without joining a fluid in another heating pipe 15.

  In this modification, the cross-sectional areas of the four paths are configured to be approximately the same. The passage cross-sectional area of each path is substantially the same. Typically, each heating pipe 15 has a uniform cross-sectional area over the entire length, and all the heating pipes 15 have the same diameter. And the number of heating tubes 15 constituting each path are the same on the assumption that the fluid flowing in each heating tube 15 and the fluid in other heating tubes 15 do not diverge or merge with each other. However, even if the diameter and / or number of the heating pipes 15 are different depending on the path, the flow path cross-sectional area of each path may be approximately the same. By being configured in this way, the amount of the separated refrigerant vapor Vs separated from the first dilute solution Sw1 in the mixed fluid Sm increases toward the downstream, and the volume flow rate of the mixed fluid Sm increases. Since the flow path cross-sectional areas of the paths are configured to be approximately the same, the flow velocity of the mixed fluid Sm flowing through the heating pipe 15 increases as it goes downstream, and the flow rate of the mixed fluid Sm flowing into each heating pipe 15 is uniform. Get closer. As a result, a decrease in heat transfer efficiency due to non-uniform flow in each heating tube 15 can be suppressed, and the situation where the concentration and temperature of the absorbing liquid S locally increase in each pass can be suppressed. Crystallization of the absorbing liquid S can be avoided. It should be noted that the fact that the cross-sectional area of each path is the same includes that the ratio of the cross-sectional area of each path is within a predetermined range, as well as the case of equal areas. The ratio of the flow path cross-sectional area of each path is within a predetermined range means that the heating pipe 15 into which the first dilute solution Sw1 or the mixed fluid Sm does not flow appears or the flow rate of the first dilute solution Sw1 or the mixed fluid Sm that flows in. The flow rate is within the range of the flow path cross-sectional area ratio that can give the first dilute solution Sw1 or the mixed fluid Sm with a flow rate that can avoid the appearance of the heating tube 15 with a small amount of evaporation performance. As an example of the predetermined range, depending on conditions, the ratio of the cross-sectional area in the path where the flow path cross-sectional area is the maximum to the cross-sectional area in the path where the flow path cross-sectional area is minimum (maximum cross-sectional area / minimum cross-sectional area) is 1. It is mentioned to be 5 or less. There is no restriction on the order in which the paths of the flow path cross-sectional area within this ratio range are arranged from upstream to downstream, and there is no relationship between the order of arranging the paths and the cross-sectional area of the flow path.

  In addition, the heating tube 15 may be comprised by 8 passes, 3 passes, 2 passes other than 4 passes, and may be comprised by 1 pass. When configured with a plurality of paths, the flow path cross-sectional area of each path may be configured to be approximately the same. In the case of one pass, the reversal liquid chamber 54 is omitted and an inlet liquid chamber 53 and an outlet liquid chamber 55 are provided. That is, in one pass, one end of one or two or more heating tubes 15 is connected to the inlet liquid chamber 53 that supplies the first dilute solution Sw1, and the other end is connected to the outlet liquid chamber 55 that collects the mixed fluid Sm. In other words, the first dilute solution Sw1 that has flowed into the heating tube 15 flows into the outlet liquid chamber 55 after flowing through the heating tube 15, and enters each of the one or more heating tubes 15. The fluid flowing through the inlet liquid chamber 53 and the outlet liquid chamber 55 are configured so as not to split or merge. With such a configuration, the first diluted solution Sw1 in the liquid state is supplied from the inlet liquid chamber 53 to each heating tube 15, and the heat transfer efficiency is reduced due to non-uniform flow in the heating tube 15. It is possible to suppress crystallization of the absorbing liquid S by suppressing the situation where the concentration and temperature of the absorbing liquid S are locally increased.

  The first dilute solution pipe 18 is connected to the inlet liquid chamber 53. The inlet liquid chamber 53 is configured to receive the first dilute solution Sw <b> 1 from the first dilute solution pipe 18 and lead the received first dilute solution Sw <b> 1 to the heating pipe 15 communicating with the inlet liquid chamber 53. . The return pipe 95 (see FIG. 4) may be connected to the inlet liquid chamber 53 instead of the first dilute solution pipe 18. The reversal liquid chamber 54 reverses the first dilute solution Sw1 or the mixed fluid Sm introduced from the inlet liquid chamber 53 or the upstream reversal liquid chamber 54 via the heating pipe 15 and is different from the introduced heating pipe 15. The first dilute solution Sw1 or the mixed fluid Sm is configured to flow out to the heating tube 15 (the heating tube 15 communicating with the reverse liquid chamber 54 or the outlet liquid chamber 55 on the downstream side at the other end). The outlet liquid chamber 55 is configured to introduce the mixed fluid Sm from the reversal liquid chamber 54 via the heating pipe 15. In 2nd absorber A2a, the exit liquid chamber 55 is comprised so that it may function as a gas-liquid separation part.

  The outlet liquid chamber 55 extends above the heating pipe 15 at the uppermost vertical position. In the second absorber A <b> 2 a, the tube plate of the second absorber can body 57 that forms the outlet liquid chamber 55 extends above the top plate of the second absorber can body 57. The outlet liquid chamber 55 is a gas phase portion 55g whose upper portion is mainly filled with gas, and the lower portion is a liquid phase portion 55q which is filled with liquid. An eliminator 96 is disposed in the gas phase portion 55g. The eliminator 96 is formed by bending an elongated thin plate at a substantially right angle so that the longitudinal direction extends horizontally (so that a substantially right-angled polygonal line appears in a vertical section), and the eliminator 96 is orthogonal to the longitudinal direction. In the horizontal direction, a plurality are arranged at predetermined intervals. The predetermined interval is an interval at which the liquid droplets can be separated by passing through the eliminator 96 while bending along a substantially right angle. The eliminator 96 is attached so as to cover the entire cross-sectional area of the fluid flow path in the gas phase portion 55g. A first concentrated solution pipe 91 that flows out the first concentrated solution Sa1 separated from the mixed fluid Sm is connected to the liquid phase portion 55q of the outlet liquid chamber 55. The return pipe 95 is connected to the liquid phase part 55q or the first concentrated solution pipe 91. A separated refrigerant vapor pipe 94 for discharging the separated separated refrigerant vapor Vs is connected to the gas phase part 55g opposite to the liquid phase part 55q across the eliminator 96. The second absorber A2a having the outlet liquid chamber 55 configured as described above can compactly form a gas-liquid separation unit that tends to be large. In order to improve the gas-liquid separation effect in the outlet liquid chamber 55, a plurality of eliminators 96 may be provided in the flow direction of the separated refrigerant vapor Vs.

  Next, with reference to FIG. 6, 2nd absorber A2b which concerns on another modification is demonstrated. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the second absorber A2b. The second absorber A2b is configured to extend in the horizontal direction so as to cover a part of the top plate of the second absorber can body 57 after the outlet liquid chamber 55B extends vertically upward from the partition plate 59s. This is different from the second absorber A2a (see FIG. 5). In the example shown in FIG. 6, the horizontally extending portion of the outlet liquid chamber 55 </ b> B covers about ３ of the length of the top plate of the second absorber can body 57. In the outlet liquid chamber 55B, at least a portion higher than the top plate of the second absorber can body 57 is a gas phase portion 55g, and a portion below the gas phase portion 55g is a liquid phase portion 55q. An eliminator 96 </ b> B is disposed in the gas phase portion 55 g above the top plate of the second absorber can body 57. The eliminator 96B crosses the flow path of an elongated member formed by bending an elongated thin plate at a substantially right angle so that the longitudinal direction extends vertically (a substantially right-angled polygonal line appears in a horizontal section). In the horizontal direction, a plurality are arranged at predetermined intervals. The eliminator 96B is attached so as to cover the entire cross-sectional area of the fluid flow path in the gas phase portion 55g. The other configuration of the second absorber A2b is the same as that of the second absorber A2a (see FIG. 5). The second absorber A2b having the outlet liquid chamber 55B configured as described above can freely change the cross-sectional area of the eliminator 96B in the height direction without affecting the sizes of the inlet liquid chamber 53 and the reversal liquid chamber 54. Therefore, a large volume of the separated refrigerant vapor Vs can be gas-liquid separated. Also in the second absorber A2b, in order to improve the gas-liquid separation effect, a plurality of eliminators 96B may be provided in the flow direction of the separated refrigerant vapor Vs, and the horizontally extending portion of the outlet liquid chamber 55B is provided in the second absorber A2b. You may change suitably in the range of the length of the top plate of 2 absorber can bodies 57.

  Next, with reference to FIG. 7, 2nd absorber A2c which concerns on another modification is demonstrated. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the second absorber A2c. The second absorber A2c is different from the second absorber A2b (see FIG. 6) in the following points. In the outlet liquid chamber 55C of the second absorber A2c, the portion of the gas phase portion 55g extending in the horizontal direction is not a part of the top plate of the second absorber can body 57, but the top of the second absorber can body 57. It is comprised so that the whole board may be covered. A plurality of gas phase partition plates 98 are provided in the gas phase portion 55g of the outlet liquid chamber 55C. The gas-phase part partition plate 98 is a flat plate-like member that restricts the flow path so that the separated refrigerant vapor Vs flowing through the inside meanders left and right, and corresponds to a flow path restriction member. The gas phase part partition plate 98 is in contact with the liquid chamber forming member 59 and the second absorber can body 57 at the upper and lower sides, and one of the left and right sides is in contact with the liquid chamber forming member 59 and the other is with the liquid chamber forming member 59. It is attached so that a space serving as a flow path is formed therebetween. The gas phase partition plate 98 is provided so that the space formed on one of the left and right sides of the gas phase partition plate 98 is alternately formed on the left and right sides of every other plurality of the gas phase partition plates 98 arranged. ing. The other configuration of the second absorber A2c is the same as that of the second absorber A2b (see FIG. 6). The second absorber A2c having the outlet liquid chamber 55C configured as described above can cause the outlet liquid chamber 55C to function as a gas-liquid separator with a simple configuration. In addition, in 2nd absorber A2c shown in FIG. 7, although the part extended in the horizontal direction of the gaseous-phase part 55g was comprised so that all the top plates of the 2nd absorber can body 57 might be covered, it is separated. It may be shorter than the total length of the top plate of the second absorber can body 57 as long as gas-liquid separation of the refrigerant vapor Vs can be appropriately performed. Moreover, the part extended in the horizontal direction of the gaseous-phase part 55g may be provided along the upper side wall instead of the top plate of the 2nd absorber can body 57. FIG. Further, the portion extending in the horizontal direction of the gas phase portion 55g may have an upward gradient. In addition, in the second absorber A2c shown in FIG. 7, the eliminator 96B (see FIG. 6) may be combined although the gas phase portion 55g is not provided with the eliminator.

  Next, with reference to FIG. 8, 1 C of absorption refrigerators which concern on the 3rd modification of embodiment of this invention are demonstrated. FIG. 8 is a schematic system diagram of the absorption refrigerator 1C. The absorption refrigerator 1C is different in that the second absorber A2 and the second evaporator E2 which are single stages in the absorption refrigerator 1 (see FIG. 1) are of a two-stage temperature rising type. That is, in the absorption refrigerator 1C, the second absorber A2 and the second evaporator E2 in the absorption refrigerator 1 shown in FIG. 1 are the same as the second high temperature absorber A2H and the second high temperature evaporator E2H on the high temperature side. The second low temperature absorber A2L and the second low temperature evaporator E2L on the low temperature side. At this time, the second high-temperature absorber A2H corresponds to the second absorber, the second high-temperature evaporator E2H corresponds to the second high-temperature evaporator, and the second low-temperature absorber A2L serves as the second low-temperature absorber. The second low-temperature evaporator E2L corresponds to the second evaporator. The second high temperature absorber A2H has a higher internal pressure than the second low temperature absorber A2L, and the second high temperature evaporator E2H has a higher internal pressure than the second low temperature evaporator E2L. The second high-temperature absorber A2H and the second high-temperature evaporator E2H communicate with each other at the top so that the vapor of the refrigerant V of the second high-temperature evaporator E2H can be moved to the second high-temperature absorber A2H. The second low-temperature absorber A2L and the second low-temperature evaporator E2L communicate with each other at the top so that the vapor of the refrigerant V of the second low-temperature evaporator E2L can be moved to the second low-temperature absorber A2L. In the absorption refrigerator 1C, the refrigerant liquid pipe 88 in which the condensation refrigerant pump 89 in the absorption refrigerator 1 (see FIG. 1) is disposed is provided with a high-temperature condensation refrigerant pump 89H that leads to the system of the second high-temperature evaporator E2H. It is divided into a high-temperature refrigerant liquid pipe 88H provided and a low-temperature refrigerant liquid pipe 88L provided with a low-temperature condensing refrigerant pump 89L that leads to the system of the second low-temperature evaporator E2L. The first dilute solution Sw1 introduced from the first absorber A1 is heated by the second high temperature absorber A2H. The heat source fluid H is introduced into the second low-temperature evaporator E2L. The second low temperature absorber A2L absorbs the vapor of the refrigerant V that has moved from the second low temperature evaporator E2L with the second absorption liquid S2 introduced from the second high temperature absorber A2H, and absorbs the second high temperature. The refrigerant liquid Vf in the evaporator E2H is heated to generate the vapor of the refrigerant V in the second high temperature evaporator E2H, and the generated vapor of the refrigerant V in the second high temperature evaporator E2H is the second high temperature absorber A2H. And the first dilute solution Sw1 is heated by the absorption heat when absorbed by the second concentrated solution Sa2 in the second high temperature absorber A2H. That is, when the second absorber A2 and the second evaporator E2 are multistage, a refrigerant liquid that becomes a refrigerant vapor supplied to the second high-temperature absorber A2H (second absorber) is generated by the heat of the heat source fluid H. The absorbed refrigerant vapor is indirectly heated by the heat of the heat source fluid H through the absorption heat generated by the absorption liquid. In the absorption refrigerator 1C, the configuration around the second absorbers A2a, A2b, A2c shown in FIGS. 5 to 7 is typically applied to the second high-temperature absorber A2H. Even when the second absorber A2 and the second evaporator E2 are three or more stages, the configuration around the second absorbers A2a, A2b, and A2c shown in FIGS. 5 to 7 is typically the internal temperature. And applied to the second absorber having the highest internal pressure. However, in the absorption refrigerator 1C, in addition to the first dilute solution Sw1, the refrigerant V flowing in the heat transfer tube (heating tube) in the second low-temperature absorber A2L also corresponds to the fluid to be heated.

  In the above description, the second evaporator E2 and the second low-temperature evaporator E2L are full liquid type, but may be a spray type. When the second evaporator E2 and / or the second low temperature evaporator E2L is a spraying type, the refrigerant liquid Vf is sprayed on the upper part of the second evaporator can body 67 and / or the second low temperature evaporator E2L. A refrigerant liquid spray nozzle is provided, and in the case of the full liquid type, the refrigerant liquid pipe 88 and / or the refrigerant liquid pipe that is to be connected to the lower part of the can body of the second evaporator can body 67 and / or the second low temperature evaporator E2L. The end portion of 88L may be connected to the refrigerant liquid spray nozzle. Further, a pipe and a pump for supplying the refrigerant liquid Vf in the lower part of the can of the second evaporator can body 67 and / or the second low temperature evaporator E2L to the refrigerant liquid spray nozzle may be provided.

  In the above description, a predetermined amount of the first concentrated solution Sa1 stored in the lower portion of the gas-liquid separator 90 flows out to the first concentrated solution pipe 91, and the remaining amount is returned to the return pipe 95 and a part of the first concentrated solution Sa1. Although it was decided that natural circulation was performed between the heating pipe 15 and the gas-liquid separator 90 via the 1 dilute solution pipe 18 and the first absorption liquid pipe 16 after heating, the partial system diagram of FIG. As shown, a circulation pump 99 may be provided in the first dilute solution pipe 18 downstream from the junction with the return pipe 95 to forcibly circulate. The circulation pump 99 is a pump that pushes the first dilute solution Sw1 (the first absorbent S1) that merges with the first concentrated solution Sa1 into the heating pipe 15, and corresponds to the first absorbent pump. If the first absorption liquid S1 is pushed into the heating pipe 15 by the circulation pump 99, the flow rate of the first absorption liquid S1 in the heating pipe 15 can be increased and stabilized, and the flow in the heating pipe 15 can be stabilized. It is possible to suppress a decrease in heat transfer efficiency due to non-uniformity and the like, and to suppress a situation in which the concentration and temperature of the first absorption liquid S1 are locally increased, and the crystal of the first absorption liquid S1 It is possible to improve the heat transfer efficiency of the absorbed heat to the first absorbent S1 by avoiding the conversion. In addition to the circulation pump 99, if a throttle part such as an orifice or a valve is provided at the inlet of the first absorbent S1 of the gas-liquid separator 90, the pressure of the first absorbent S1 in the heating pipe 15 is increased. Since the boiling of the first absorbing liquid S1 in the heating tube 15 can be suppressed and evaporation of the refrigerant V in the heating tube 15 can be suppressed, the change in the concentration of the first absorbing liquid S1 in the heating tube 15 can be reduced. Without it, the first absorbing liquid S1 can be heated as it is, and the heat transfer action can be stabilized. The pressurized first absorption liquid S1 is heated by absorption heat to become a high temperature, and is depressurized in the gas-liquid separator 90 to generate separated refrigerant vapor Vs to become the first concentrated solution Sa1.

1, 1A, 1B, 1C Absorption refrigerator 15 Heating pipe 55 Outlet liquid chamber 55g Gas phase part 55q Liquid phase part 57 Second absorber can body 90 Gas-liquid separator 91 First concentrated solution pipe 96, 96B Eliminator 98 Gas phase Partition plate 99 Circulation pump A1 First absorber A2, A2a, A2b, A2c Second absorber A2L Second low temperature absorber Cs Shared condenser E1 First evaporator E2 Second evaporator E2H Second high temperature evaporator G2 2 Regenerator H Heat source fluid Sa1 First concentrated solution Sa2 Second concentrated solution Sw1 First diluted solution Sw2 Second diluted solution Vf Refrigerant liquid Ve1 First evaporator refrigerant vapor Ve2 Second evaporator refrigerant vapor Vg Regenerator refrigerant vapor Vs Separation Refrigerant vapor W Cold water

Claims (9)

A first evaporator that cools the cooling target fluid by depriving the cooling target fluid of the latent heat of evaporation required when the refrigerant liquid evaporates into refrigerant vapor;
A first absorber that introduces the refrigerant vapor generated in the first evaporator and causes the first absorbing liquid to absorb the refrigerant;
A second absorber having a first absorption liquid channel through which the first absorption liquid whose concentration has decreased due to absorption of the refrigerant vapor in the first absorber is provided; A second absorber that heats the first absorbent flowing through the first absorbent flow path by absorption heat released when the second absorbent absorbs the vapor of the refrigerant;
A heat source fluid for directly or indirectly heating the refrigerant liquid for generating the refrigerant vapor supplied to the second absorber is introduced, and the refrigerant liquid is heated by the heat held by the introduced heat source fluid. A second evaporator that heats and produces refrigerant vapor;
The refrigerant released from the first absorption liquid generated by heating the first absorption liquid in the second absorber, and the first absorption increased in concentration by the refrigerant being released. A gas-liquid separator for separating the liquid;
A first concentrated solution flow path that guides the first absorbent having an increased concentration generated in the gas-liquid separator to the first absorber;
Absorption refrigerator. Introducing the second absorbent having a reduced concentration due to absorption of the vapor of the refrigerant in the second absorber, and heating the introduced second absorbent with the heat held by the heat source fluid A regenerator for desorbing the refrigerant from the second absorbent and increasing the concentration of the second absorbent;
In the regenerator, the refrigerant vapor separated from the second absorbing liquid and the refrigerant vapor generated in the gas-liquid separation unit are introduced, and the introduced refrigerant vapor is condensed to produce a refrigerant liquid. A common condenser to produce;
The absorption refrigerator according to claim 1. The second absorber has a plurality of heating tubes constituting the first absorbent liquid flow path;
An inversion liquid chamber is provided for guiding the first absorption liquid flowing through the inside of the heating pipe to the other heating pipe so as to flow in the opposite direction through the inside of the other heating pipe;
A plurality of the heating tubes are configured in a plurality of passes by the reversal liquid chamber;
Each of the plurality of passes is configured to have approximately the same cross-sectional area of the flow path;
The absorption refrigerator according to claim 1 or 2. The second absorber has one or a plurality of heating tubes constituting the first absorption liquid channel;
An inlet liquid chamber which communicates with one or a plurality of the heating pipes and supplies the first absorbing liquid to the communicating heating pipes;
An outlet liquid chamber that communicates with one or a plurality of the heating pipes and collects all the first absorption liquid supplied from the inlet liquid chambers to the heating pipes after flowing through the heating pipes; ;
The absorption refrigerator according to claim 1 or 2. A first absorbent pump for pushing the first absorbent introduced into the second absorber into the first absorbent flow path;
The absorption refrigerator according to any one of claims 1 to 4. The gas-liquid separation unit is configured integrally with the second absorber by disposing an inlet of the first absorbing liquid adjacent to an outlet of the first absorbing liquid channel;
The absorption refrigerator according to any one of claims 1 to 5. A liquid phase portion that is provided along the can body of the second absorber and temporarily stores the first absorption liquid that has flowed through the first absorption liquid flow path, and is separated from the first absorption liquid. An outlet liquid chamber having a gas phase section through which refrigerant vapor passes;
The outlet liquid chamber is configured to function as the gas-liquid separator, with an eliminator provided in the gas phase;
The absorption refrigerator according to claim 6. A liquid phase portion that is provided along the can body of the second absorber and temporarily stores the first absorption liquid that has flowed through the first absorption liquid flow path, and is separated from the first absorption liquid. An outlet liquid chamber having a gas phase section through which refrigerant vapor passes;
The outlet liquid chamber is configured such that the gas phase portion extends horizontally, and a flow path restriction member that restricts the flow path so as to meander the refrigerant vapor flowing in the gas phase portion to the left and right is the gas phase. A plurality of units are provided in the space of the unit and configured to function as the gas-liquid separation unit;
The absorption refrigerator according to claim 6. A second high-temperature evaporator that generates vapor of the refrigerant supplied to the second absorber;
A second low temperature that heats the refrigerant of the second high-temperature evaporator by absorption heat released when the second absorbing liquid introduced directly or indirectly from the second absorber absorbs the vapor of the refrigerant. With an absorber;
The absorption refrigerator according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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