JP2018123532A - On-site manufacturing method of simple structure - Google Patents

On-site manufacturing method of simple structure Download PDF

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JP2018123532A
JP2018123532A JP2017015366A JP2017015366A JP2018123532A JP 2018123532 A JP2018123532 A JP 2018123532A JP 2017015366 A JP2017015366 A JP 2017015366A JP 2017015366 A JP2017015366 A JP 2017015366A JP 2018123532 A JP2018123532 A JP 2018123532A
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rafter
pillars
girder
pillar
simple structure
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JP6857039B2 (en
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純平 保坂
Junpei Hosaka
純平 保坂
英司 若松
Eiji Wakamatsu
英司 若松
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Sankyo Tateyama Inc
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Sankyo Tateyama Inc
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an on-site manufacturing method of a simple structure which has few restrictions in design.SOLUTION: An on-site manufacturing method of a simple structure includes following steps, and in this method, a rafter of a simple structure is provided with a predetermined interval designed from a building skeleton and it is installed close to the front side of the building skeleton. (1) A step in which foundation holes of left and right pillars on the rear side are formed at positions avoiding obstacles within a predetermined interval designed from a skeleton, and foundation holes of left and right pillars on the front side are formed at positions within a predetermined interval designed from the skeleton. (2) A step in which a portal is formed with pillars erected in the left and right foundation holes on the front side and the rear side and beams installed between the left and right pillars. (3) A step in which the rafter is mounted on the front and rear beams with a predetermined interval designed from the skeleton.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

本発明は、建物躯体の前側に近接して設置する簡易構造物の現地製造方法に関する。   The present invention relates to an on-site manufacturing method of a simple structure that is installed close to the front side of a building frame.

従来、建物躯体に近接して設置するテラスにおいて、非特許文献１に示すように、屋根を左右１本ずつの柱で支持する片持ち式のものがあった。   Conventionally, in a terrace installed in the vicinity of a building frame, as shown in Non-Patent Document 1, there is a cantilever type in which a roof is supported by left and right columns.

「ウォールエクステリアカタログ２０１５−２０１６（ＳＴＷ０３５５Ａ）」、三協立山株式会社、２０１５年７月、ｐ．１１６“Wall Exterior Catalog 2015-2016 (STW0355A)”, Sankyo Tateyama Co., Ltd., July 2015, p. 116

しかしながら、このような片持ち式のテラスでは、強度を確保するために柱を太くしなければならず、意匠的に制約があった。   However, in such a cantilever terrace, the pillars must be thickened to ensure strength, and the design is limited.

本発明は、上記事情を鑑みたものであり、意匠的な制約が少ない簡易構造物の現地製造方法を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide an on-site manufacturing method of a simple structure with few design restrictions.

本発明は、次の工程を有し、簡易構造物の垂木を建物躯体から設計した所定間隔をあけて設け、建物躯体の前側に近接して設置する簡易構造物の現地製造方法である。
（１）後側の左右の柱の基礎穴を躯体から設計した所定間隔内で障害物を避けた位置に形成し、前側の左右の柱の基礎穴を躯体から設計した所定間隔内の位置に形成する工程。
（２）前側及び後側で左右の基礎穴に立設した柱と左右の柱間に架設した桁とで門形を形成する工程。
（３）垂木を躯体から設計した所定間隔をあけて前後の桁に取り付ける工程。 The present invention is an on-site manufacturing method for a simple structure having the following steps, in which rafters of a simple structure are provided at a predetermined interval designed from the building frame, and are installed close to the front side of the building frame.
(1) The base holes of the left and right pillars on the rear side are formed at positions that avoid obstacles within a predetermined interval designed from the housing, and the foundation holes of the left and right columns on the front side are located within the predetermined intervals designed from the housing. Forming step.
(2) A step of forming a gate shape with pillars erected in the left and right foundation holes on the front side and the rear side and girders laid between the left and right pillars.
(3) A step of attaching rafters to the front and rear girders at a predetermined interval designed from the frame.

本発明によれば、左右の前後位置にそれぞれ柱を配置した両支持式で、必要な強度を確保しつつ柱を細くすることができ、意匠的な制約が少ない簡易構造物を製造できる。そして、設置箇所の地中に躯体の基礎や配管などの障害物がある場合に、それを避けつつ躯体から設計した所定間隔内の位置に前後の柱を立てるものであって、これにより柱の前後位置が変動した場合でも、垂木（垂木に屋根材を設けて屋根を構成しテラスとして用いることもできるし、垂木のみを設けてパーゴラとして用いることもできる）を柱の前後位置によらず躯体から設計した所定間隔をあけて前後の桁に取り付けるので、簡易構造物を建物躯体に近接して設置することができる。   According to the present invention, it is possible to produce a simple structure with few design restrictions by using a double support system in which pillars are arranged at the left and right front and rear positions, making it possible to reduce the pillars while ensuring the necessary strength. And when there are obstacles such as foundations and pipes in the ground of the installation location, the front and rear pillars are set up at positions within a predetermined interval designed from the chassis while avoiding them. Even if the front and rear position fluctuates, the rafters (can be used as a terrace by forming a roof by providing a roof material on the rafters, or can be used as a pergola by providing only rafters) are independent of the front and rear positions of the pillars Since it is attached to the front and rear girders at a predetermined interval designed from the above, a simple structure can be installed close to the building frame.

簡易構造物（テラス）の側面図である。It is a side view of a simple structure (terrace). 簡易構造物（テラス）の正面図である。It is a front view of a simple structure (terrace). 簡易構造物（テラス）の側面方向視断面図である。It is side surface direction sectional drawing of a simple structure (terrace). 簡易構造物（テラス）の正面方向視断面図である。It is front direction view sectional drawing of a simple structure (terrace). 簡易構造物（テラス）の垂木と桁の連結部分の説明図である。It is explanatory drawing of the connection part of the rafter and girder of a simple structure (terrace). 簡易構造物（テラス）の妻垂木と桁の連結部分の説明図である。It is explanatory drawing of the connection part of the wife rafter and girder of a simple structure (terrace). 簡易構造物（テラス）の組立手順図（１）である。It is assembly procedure figure (1) of a simple structure (terrace). 簡易構造物（テラス）の組立手順図（２）である。It is an assembly procedure figure (2) of a simple structure (terrace). 簡易構造物（テラス）の組立手順図（３）である。It is an assembly procedure figure (3) of a simple structure (terrace). 簡易構造物（テラス）の柱位置の範囲の説明図である。It is explanatory drawing of the range of the column position of a simple structure (terrace). 簡易構造物（パーゴラ）の側面図である。It is a side view of a simple structure (pergola). 簡易構造物（パーゴラ）の正面図である。It is a front view of a simple structure (pergola). 簡易構造物（パーゴラ）の側面方向視断面図である。It is side surface direction sectional drawing of a simple structure (pergola). 簡易構造物（パーゴラ）の正面方向視断面図である。It is front direction view sectional drawing of a simple structure (pergola). 簡易構造物（パーゴラ）の垂木と桁の連結部分の説明図である。It is explanatory drawing of the connection part of the rafter and girder of a simple structure (pergola). 簡易構造物（パーゴラ）の垂木端部のクッション材の説明図であり、（ａ）は側面図、（ｂ）は背面図である。It is explanatory drawing of the cushion material of the rafter edge part of a simple structure (pergola), (a) is a side view, (b) is a rear view. 簡易構造物（パーゴラ）の組立手順図（１）である。It is an assembly procedure figure (1) of a simple structure (pergola). 簡易構造物（パーゴラ）の組立手順図（２）である。It is an assembly procedure figure (2) of a simple structure (pergola). 簡易構造物（パーゴラ）の組立手順図（３）である。It is an assembly procedure figure (3) of a simple structure (pergola). 簡易構造物（パーゴラ）の柱位置の範囲の説明図である。It is explanatory drawing of the range of the column position of a simple structure (pergola).

以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面に基づいて説明する。本発明の方法により製造される簡易構造物は、種々の用途に用いられるものであるが、ここでは、住宅などの建物躯体に近接して設置されるテラスを例に挙げる。また、このテラスの例においては、躯体の前側にテラス（簡易構造物）が設置されるものとし（テラス側が前側、躯体側が後側、図１）、左右はテラスを正面視した際の左右方向を示す（図２）。図１〜図４に示すように、このテラスは、左右の柱（前柱４ａ及び後柱４ｂ）と桁２を門形に組んだ上に、垂木１（妻垂木１ａを含む）と、前枠５ａ及び後枠５ｂと、中桟６と、パネル材７と、垂木カバー８を組んで構成した屋根を載せたものである。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The simple structure manufactured by the method of the present invention is used for various purposes. Here, a terrace installed in the vicinity of a building housing such as a house is taken as an example. In this example of the terrace, a terrace (simple structure) is installed on the front side of the enclosure (the terrace side is the front side, the enclosure side is the rear side, FIG. 1), and the left and right are the left and right directions when the terrace is viewed from the front. (FIG. 2). As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 4, this terrace has left and right pillars (front pillar 4 a and rear pillar 4 b) and girder 2 assembled in a gate shape, rafter 1 (including wife rafter 1 a), and front A roof constructed by assembling the frame 5a and the rear frame 5b, the middle rail 6, the panel material 7, and the rafter cover 8 is placed thereon.

前柱４ａ及び後柱４ｂは、断面略正方形の形材からなり、躯体Ｓの前側の左右位置に後柱４ｂを立設してあり、左右の後柱４ｂの前方にそれぞれ前柱４ａを立設してある。設置面の、各柱４ａ，４ｂの立設位置には、上面視して正方形の基礎穴Ｈａ，Ｈｂを形成してあり、基礎穴Ｈａ，Ｈｂに柱４ａ，４ｂを立てて、コンクリート又はモルタルを流し込んで固定してある。なお、屋根（垂木１）が前側に向けて下方に傾斜して設けられるものであり、その傾斜に合わせて、前柱４ａよりも後柱４ｂの方が高くなっている。   The front pillar 4a and the rear pillar 4b are made of a material having a substantially square cross section. The rear pillar 4b is erected at the left and right positions on the front side of the housing S, and the front pillar 4a is erected in front of the left and right rear pillars 4b. It is set up. Square base holes Ha, Hb are formed at the standing position of the pillars 4a, 4b on the installation surface when viewed from above, and the pillars 4a, 4b are erected in the base holes Ha, Hb to make concrete or mortar. It is poured and fixed. Note that the roof (rafter 1) is provided to be inclined downward toward the front side, and the rear pillar 4b is higher than the front pillar 4a in accordance with the inclination.

桁２は、断面略矩形の形材からなり、左右の前柱４ａ及び左右の後柱４ｂにそれぞれ横架してあり、左右の２本の柱４ａ，４ｂと桁２で門形に組んである。ただし、桁２の上面は、垂木１の傾斜に合わせて、前側に向けて下方に傾斜した面となっている。柱４ａ，４ｂと桁２の連結には、図３及び図４に示すような結合部材４１を用いている。結合部材４１は、略矩形の平板部４２と、平板部４２の下面に左右並んで２枚形成された垂下面４３からなり、平板部４２を桁２の下面に当接させてボルト止めし、２枚の垂下面４３を柱４ａ，４ｂの上端の開口部内に挿入して柱４ａ，４ｂの左右面からネジ止めしてある。   The girder 2 is made of a material having a substantially rectangular cross section, and is horizontally laid on the left and right front pillars 4a and the left and right rear pillars 4b, and is assembled in a gate shape with the left and right pillars 4a and 4b and the girder 2. is there. However, the upper surface of the girder 2 is a surface inclined downward toward the front side in accordance with the inclination of the rafter 1. A coupling member 41 as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 is used to connect the columns 4a, 4b and the beam 2. The coupling member 41 is composed of a substantially rectangular flat plate portion 42 and a suspended lower surface 43 formed on the lower surface of the flat plate portion 42 so as to be arranged on the left and right sides. Two hanging surfaces 43 are inserted into the openings at the upper ends of the columns 4a and 4b and screwed from the left and right surfaces of the columns 4a and 4b.

垂木１及び妻垂木１ａは、断面略矩形の形材からなり、図１及び図２に示すように、前後の桁２に横架してあって、前側に向けて下方に傾斜して、左右に等間隔に５本（中間部の３本の垂木１と、両端の２本の妻垂木１ａ）並んでいる。図５に示すように、垂木１の左右の側面の下部には、長手方向に延びる略Ｇ字形の溝状の被係合部１１を形成してある。また、上面の左右方向中央には、長手方向に延びるネジ受溝１２を形成してある。さらに、上面の左右には、タイト材ホルダを設けてあって、それぞれタイト材１３を取り付けてある。   The rafters 1 and the wife rafters 1a are made of a material having a substantially rectangular cross section. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the rafters 1 and the wife rafters 1a are horizontally mounted on the front and rear girders 2 and inclined downward toward the front side. Are arranged at equal intervals (three rafters 1 in the middle part and two wife rafters 1a at both ends). As shown in FIG. 5, a substantially G-shaped groove-like engaged portion 11 extending in the longitudinal direction is formed at the lower portions of the left and right side surfaces of the rafter 1. Further, a screw receiving groove 12 extending in the longitudinal direction is formed at the center in the left-right direction of the upper surface. Furthermore, tight material holders are provided on the left and right sides of the upper surface, and the tight material 13 is attached to each.

そして、垂木１は桁２と直交して桁２の上面に固定してあり、垂木１と桁２の連結には、図５に示すような連結具３を用いている。連結具３は、矩形平板状の基板部３１と、基板部３１の上面に設けた左右２つの係合部３２を有する。係合部３２は、左右で対向する逆Ｊ字状のものであり、左右の係合部３２の間に垂木１が丁度納まり、垂木１の左右の被係合部１１にそれぞれ係合部３２が垂木１の長手方向に摺動自在に係合する。また、基板部３１は、左右の係合部３２の間部分の垂木固定部３３と、係合部３２の外側部分の桁固定部３４からなり、垂木１の被係合部１１に連結具３の係合部３２を係合させた状態で、垂木固定部３３が垂木１の下面に当接しており、桁固定部３４が垂木１の側方に延出している。そして、垂木固定部３３を、下側から垂木１にネジ止めして固定してあり、桁固定部３４を、上側から桁２にネジ止めして固定してあって、連結具３により垂木１と桁２が連結されている。なお、垂木固定部３３の下面には凹部３５を形成してあり、垂木固定部３３を垂木１に固定するネジの頭部が凹部３５に納まることで、桁２と干渉しないようにしてある。   The rafter 1 is fixed to the upper surface of the girder 2 orthogonal to the girder 2, and a connector 3 as shown in FIG. 5 is used to connect the rafter 1 and the girder 2. The connector 3 includes a rectangular flat plate-shaped substrate portion 31 and two left and right engaging portions 32 provided on the upper surface of the substrate portion 31. The engaging portion 32 has an inverted J shape that is opposed to the left and right, and the rafter 1 is exactly contained between the left and right engaging portions 32, and the engaging portions 32 are respectively engaged with the left and right engaged portions 11 of the rafter 1. Engages slidably in the longitudinal direction of the rafter 1. The board portion 31 includes a rafter fixing portion 33 at a portion between the left and right engaging portions 32 and a girder fixing portion 34 at an outer portion of the engaging portion 32, and the connector 3 is connected to the engaged portion 11 of the rafter 1. The rafter fixing portion 33 is in contact with the lower surface of the rafter 1 and the girder fixing portion 34 extends to the side of the rafter 1. The rafter fixing portion 33 is fixed by screwing to the rafter 1 from the lower side, and the girder fixing portion 34 is fixed by screwing to the girder 2 from the upper side. And digit 2 are concatenated. A concave portion 35 is formed on the lower surface of the rafter fixing portion 33, and the head portion of the screw that fixes the rafter fixing portion 33 to the rafter 1 is accommodated in the concave portion 35 so that it does not interfere with the beam 2.

また、図６に示すように、妻垂木１ａの内側半分は垂木１と同形状であり、すなわち、内側面の下部に、長手方向に延びる略Ｇ字形の溝状の被係合部１１を形成してある。また、上面の左右方向中央には、長手方向に延びるネジ受溝１２を形成してある。さらに、上面の内側には、タイト材ホルダを設けてあって、タイト材１３を取り付けてある。   Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the inner half of the wife rafter 1 a has the same shape as the rafter 1, that is, a substantially G-shaped groove-like engaged portion 11 extending in the longitudinal direction is formed at the lower portion of the inner surface. It is. Further, a screw receiving groove 12 extending in the longitudinal direction is formed at the center in the left-right direction of the upper surface. Further, a tight material holder is provided inside the upper surface, and a tight material 13 is attached.

そして、妻垂木１ａと桁２の連結にも、図６に示すような連結具３ａを用いている。妻垂木１ａ用の連結具３ａは、垂木１用の連結具３の、一方の係合部３２から外側部分を切除した形状であり、矩形平板状の基板部３１と、基板部３１の上面に設けた１つの係合部３２を有していて、基板部３１の、係合部３２より外側部分が垂木固定部３３、内側部分が桁固定部３４となっている。妻垂木１ａの内側面の被係合部１１に係合部３２が妻垂木１ａの長手方向に摺動自在に係合し、係合した状態で、垂木固定部３３が妻垂木１ａの下面に当接しており、桁固定部３４が妻垂木１ａの側方に延出している。そして、垂木固定部３３を、下側から妻垂木１ａにネジ止めして固定してあり、桁固定部３４を、上側から桁２にネジ止めして固定してあって、連結具３ａにより妻垂木１ａと桁２が連結されている。なお、垂木固定部３３の下面には凹部３５を形成してあり、垂木固定部３３を妻垂木１ａに固定するネジの頭部が凹部３５に納まることで、桁２と干渉しないようにしてある。   And the coupling tool 3a as shown in FIG. 6 is used also for the connection of the wife rafter 1a and the girder 2. The connector 3a for the rafter 1a has a shape in which an outer portion of the connector 3 for the rafter 1 is cut out from one of the engaging portions 32. The rectangular plate portion 31 and the upper surface of the substrate portion 31 One engaging portion 32 is provided, and the rafter fixing portion 33 and the inner portion of the base plate portion 31 are the rafter fixing portion 33 and the girder fixing portion 34, respectively. With the engaging portion 32 slidably engaged with the engaged portion 11 on the inner surface of the wife rafter 1a in the longitudinal direction of the wife rafter 1a and engaged, the rafter fixing portion 33 is placed on the lower surface of the wife rafter 1a. The girder fixing part 34 extends to the side of the end rafter 1a. The rafter fixing portion 33 is fixed by screwing to the rafter 1a from below, and the girder fixing portion 34 is fixed to the girder 2 by fixing from the upper side. The rafter 1a and the girder 2 are connected. A concave portion 35 is formed on the lower surface of the rafter fixing portion 33, and the head of the screw that fixes the rafter fixing portion 33 to the wife rafter 1a is accommodated in the concave portion 35 so that it does not interfere with the beam 2. .

前枠５ａと後枠５ｂは、それぞれ左右に並んだ垂木１及び妻垂木１ａの前端と後端に取り付けてある。前枠５ａは、上側に向けて開口する溝状の部分を有し、樋として機能するものである。また、後枠５ｂの後側面には、左右にわたって等間隔に複数のクッション材９を取り付けてある。クッション材９は、円錐台形状のものであって、中心軸に沿って貫通孔を形成してあり、貫通孔にネジを通して、後枠５ｂにネジ止めしてある。このクッション材９は、テラスが風にあおられるなどして撓んだ際に、後枠５ｂが躯体Ｓと直接接触することを防ぐためのものである。   The front frame 5a and the rear frame 5b are attached to the front end and the rear end of the rafter 1 and the wife rafter 1a arranged side by side, respectively. The front frame 5a has a groove-shaped portion that opens upward, and functions as a ridge. A plurality of cushion materials 9 are attached to the rear side surface of the rear frame 5b at equal intervals over the left and right sides. The cushion material 9 has a truncated cone shape, has a through hole formed along the central axis, and is screwed to the rear frame 5b by passing a screw through the through hole. The cushion material 9 is for preventing the rear frame 5b from coming into direct contact with the housing S when the terrace is bent due to wind or the like.

中桟６は、左右に並んだ垂木１及び妻垂木１ａの間にそれぞれ渡し掛けるもので、垂木１及び妻垂木１ａの前後方向中央に設けてある。また、中桟６の上面にはタイト材を設けてある。なお、テラスの出幅が大きい場合（垂木１及び妻垂木１ａが長い場合）には、前後に２本以上の中桟６を設けてもよい。   The intermediate rail 6 is passed between the rafter 1 and the wife rafter 1a arranged on the left and right, and is provided at the center in the front-rear direction of the rafter 1 and the wife rafter 1a. Further, a tight material is provided on the upper surface of the middle rail 6. In addition, when the protruding width of the terrace is large (when the rafter 1 and the wife rafter 1a are long), two or more middle rails 6 may be provided at the front and rear.

パネル材７は、樹脂製の矩形薄肉平板からなり、左右に並んだ垂木１及び妻垂木１ａの間にそれぞれ設けてある。より詳しくは、図３〜図６に示すように（図２はパネル材７を透過して表してある）、パネル材７の左右の端部が、垂木１又は妻垂木１ａの上面のタイト材１３に載置してあり、パネル材７の前端部が前枠５ａに係止し、後端部が後枠５ｂに係止しており、さらに、パネル材７の前後方向中央部が中桟６のタイト材に支持されている。そして、垂木１及び妻垂木１ａの上側には、それぞれパネル押さえ具７１，７１ａを取り付けてある。垂木１に取り付けるパネル押さえ具７１は、垂木１と略等幅で、左右端部の下面にタイト材ホルダを設けてあって、それぞれタイト材７２を取り付けてある。そして、パネル押さえ具７１の左右のタイト材７２と、垂木１の左右のタイト材１３とで、それぞれパネル材７の端部を挟み込み、パネル押さえ具７１の左右方向中央部を垂木１のネジ受溝１２にネジ止めして、パネル材７を固定してある。一方、妻垂木１ａに取り付けるパネル押さえ具７１ａは、内側端部の下面にタイト材ホルダを設けてあって、タイト材７２を取り付けてある。そして、パネル押さえ具７１ａのタイト材７２と、妻垂木１ａのタイト材１３とで、パネル材７の端部を挟み込み、パネル押さえ具７１ａの外側端部を妻垂木１ａのネジ受溝１２にネジ止めして、パネル材７を固定してある。   The panel material 7 consists of a resin-made rectangular thin flat plate, and is provided between the rafters 1 and the wife rafters 1a arranged side by side. More specifically, as shown in FIGS. 3 to 6 (FIG. 2 is shown through the panel material 7), the left and right ends of the panel material 7 are tight materials on the upper surface of the rafter 1 or the tsum rafter 1a. 13, the front end portion of the panel material 7 is locked to the front frame 5 a, the rear end portion is locked to the rear frame 5 b, and the center portion in the front-rear direction of the panel material 7 is the middle rail 6 is supported by a tight material. Panel pressers 71 and 71a are attached to the upper side of the rafter 1 and the wife rafter 1a, respectively. The panel presser 71 attached to the rafter 1 is substantially equal in width to the rafter 1, and a tight material holder is provided on the lower surface of the left and right end portions, and a tight material 72 is attached to each. The left and right tight members 72 of the panel presser 71 and the left and right tight members 13 of the rafter 1 sandwich the end portions of the panel member 7, and the left and right center portions of the panel presser 71 are received by the screws of the rafter 1. The panel material 7 is fixed to the groove 12 with screws. On the other hand, the panel pressing member 71a attached to the wife rafter 1a is provided with a tight material holder on the lower surface of the inner end portion, and the tight material 72 is attached. Then, the end portion of the panel material 7 is sandwiched between the tight material 72 of the panel presser 71a and the tight material 13 of the wife rafter 1a, and the outer end of the panel presser 71a is screwed into the screw receiving groove 12 of the wife rafter 1a. The panel material 7 is fixed.

垂木カバー８は、垂木１及び妻垂木１ａの上側に取り付けるもので、図５及び図６に示すように、パネル押さえ具７１，７１ａを覆い隠している。垂木１と妻垂木１ａの垂木カバー８は同じ形状であって、下方に向けて開口する断面略コ字形の形材からなり、左右の下端部に内側に向けて突出する当接片８１を形成してある。また、上面には上側に向けて開口する断面略コ字形の溝部８２を形成してある。そして、垂木１においては、垂木カバー８の左右の当接片８１を、垂木１の上部に取り付けたパネル押さえ具７１の上面に当接させてあり、図３及び図５に示すように、Ｚ金具８３を介して垂木１にネジ止めしてある。ここで、垂木カバー８とＺ金具８３は、垂木カバー８の溝部８２の底面でネジ止めしてあり、溝部８２に目板８４を取り付けてネジを覆い隠してある。一方、妻垂木１ａにおいては、垂木カバー８の内側の当接片８１を妻垂木１ａの上部に取り付けたパネル押さえ具７１ａの上面に当接させ、外側の当接片８１を妻垂木１ａに当接させて、図６に示すように、垂木１の場合と同様にＺ金具８３を介して妻垂木１ａにネジ止めしてある。なお、垂木カバー８は、垂木１及び妻垂木１ａよりも前方に長く、前枠５ａよりも前側に突出しており、突出部分の下側には、垂木１と略同形状の化粧材８５を取り付けてあって、垂木１及び妻垂木１ａが前枠５ａを貫通して延びているように見える外観となっている。   The rafter cover 8 is attached to the upper side of the rafter 1 and the wife rafter 1a, and covers the panel pressers 71 and 71a as shown in FIGS. The rafter cover 8 of the rafter 1 and the rafter rafter 1a have the same shape, and are made of a substantially U-shaped section that opens downward, and the contact piece 81 that protrudes inward is formed at the left and right lower ends. It is. Further, a groove portion 82 having a substantially U-shaped cross section opening upward is formed on the upper surface. In the rafter 1, the left and right contact pieces 81 of the rafter cover 8 are brought into contact with the upper surface of the panel presser 71 attached to the upper portion of the rafter 1, and as shown in FIGS. Screwed to the rafter 1 via a metal fitting 83. Here, the rafter cover 8 and the Z metal fitting 83 are screwed on the bottom surface of the groove portion 82 of the rafter cover 8, and the eye plate 84 is attached to the groove portion 82 to cover the screw. On the other hand, in the wife rafter 1a, the abutting piece 81 on the inner side of the rafter cover 8 is brought into contact with the upper surface of the panel pressing member 71a attached to the upper portion of the wife rafter 1a, and the outer abutting piece 81 is brought into contact with the wife rafter 1a. As shown in FIG. 6, it is screwed to the wife rafter 1 a via the Z metal fitting 83 as in the case of the rafter 1. The rafter cover 8 is longer forward than the rafter 1 and the wife rafter 1a, and protrudes forward from the front frame 5a, and a decorative material 85 having substantially the same shape as the rafter 1 is attached to the lower side of the protruding portion. Thus, the appearance is that the rafters 1 and the wife rafters 1a appear to extend through the front frame 5a.

次に、図７及び図８に基づき、このように構成するテラスの現地製造方法（施工手順）について説明する。なお、以下において、垂木１には妻垂木１ａを含み、連結具３には妻垂木１ａ用の連結具３ａを含む。このテラスは、垂木１を躯体Ｓから設計した所定間隔をあけて設け、躯体Ｓの前側に近接して設置するものであり、ここでは、垂木１の後端に取り付ける後枠５ｂと、躯体Ｓの間の間隔が、Ｄ１＝７０ｍｍとなる位置に垂木１を設ける（以下、テラス各部の間隔については図１、図２、図８参照）。すなわち、垂木１の位置は、予め定まっていることになる。そして、具体的な手順として、まず、図７（ａ）に示すように、左右の後柱４ｂの基礎穴Ｈｂを、躯体Ｓから設計した所定間隔Ｘ内（より詳しくは、後柱４ｂの中心が、躯体ＳからＤ１だけ離して設けた垂木１の後端部から前側の、設計した所定間隔Ｌ１内に納まり、ＸはＬ１に基礎穴Ｈｂの見込幅を加えた間隔である）で障害物を避けた位置に形成し、左右の前柱４ａの基礎穴Ｈａを、躯体Ｓから設計した所定間隔Ｙ内（より詳しくは、前柱４ａの中心が、躯体ＳからＤ１だけ離して設けた垂木１の前端部から後側の、設計した所定間隔Ｌ２内に納まり、ＹはＬ２に基礎穴Ｈａの見込幅を加えた間隔である）で障害物を避けた位置に形成する。この際、躯体Ｓの基礎が布基礎である場合、地中の基礎が躯体Ｓ自体よりも前側に突出しており、後側（躯体側）の基礎穴Ｈｂを形成する際の障害物Ｓ１となり得る。またそれ以外にも、埋設された種々の配管などが、前後の基礎穴Ｈａ，Ｈｂを形成する際の障害物となり得る。そこで、各基礎穴Ｈａ，Ｈｂは、躯体Ｓから設計した所定間隔Ｘ，Ｙ内でそれらの障害物を避けた位置に形成されるものであり、これにより、前柱４ａと後柱４ｂの間の距離も、設計した所定間隔Ｍ内のものとなる。この実施形態では、柱４ａ，４ｂが９０ｍｍ角であって、後柱４ｂは、最も後側の位置が、中心が躯体Ｓの前側面からＤ２＝２２０ｍｍ離隔した位置であって垂木１の略後端の位置であり、そこからテラスの出幅に応じてＬ１＝３００ｍｍ〜５００ｍｍの範囲（設計した範囲）で前側に移動可能である。また、前柱４ａは、最も前側の位置が、テラスの出幅に応じて躯体Ｓの前側面から定められた距離だけ離隔した位置であって垂木１の略前端の位置であり、そこからテラスの出幅に応じてＬ２＝３００ｍｍ〜５００ｍｍの範囲（設計した範囲）で後側に移動可能である。ただし、前柱４ａと後柱４ｂの移動量の合計も、テラスの出幅に応じて設計した３００ｍｍ〜５００ｍｍの範囲となる。さらに、前柱４ａと後柱４ｂは何れも、左右方向に関して、内側に最大Ｗ１＝５００ｍｍ、外側に最大Ｗ２＝４７ｍｍの範囲で移動可能である（図２ではＷ＝Ｗ１＋Ｗ２）。なお、基礎穴Ｈａ，Ｈｂの形成に際して、地中の障害物の位置が予め図面などによりわかっている場合には、当初からそれを避けた位置に穴を掘ればよい。また、穴を掘ったところ障害物が発見された場合には、現場で適宜基礎穴Ｈａ，Ｈｂの位置を変更すればよい。 Next, based on FIG.7 and FIG.8, the local manufacturing method (construction procedure) of the terrace comprised in this way is demonstrated. In the following, the rafter 1 includes a wife rafter 1a, and the connector 3 includes a connector 3a for the wife rafter 1a. In this terrace, the rafters 1 are provided at a predetermined interval designed from the case S, and are installed close to the front side of the case S. Here, the rear frame 5b attached to the rear end of the rafter 1 and the case S The rafter 1 is provided at a position where the distance between the two is D 1 = 70 mm (see FIG. 1, FIG. 2, and FIG. 8 for the distance between the terraces). That is, the position of the rafter 1 is determined in advance. As a specific procedure, first, as shown in FIG. 7 (a), the base holes Hb of the left and right rear columns 4b are placed within a predetermined interval X designed from the housing S (more specifically, the center of the rear column 4b). but the front from the rear end portion of the rafter 1 which is provided away from skeleton S by D 1, fit within a predetermined distance L 1 designed, X is the interval plus the expected width of the foundation holes Hb to L 1) in is formed at a position avoiding obstacles, the foundation hole Ha of the right and left front pillars 4a, the predetermined distance in the Y (more specifically designed from skeleton S, the center of the front pillar 4a is, away from skeleton S by D 1 The rafter 1 is provided at a position behind the front end of the rafter 1 within the designed predetermined interval L 2 , and Y is an interval obtained by adding the expected width of the base hole Ha to L 2. To do. At this time, when the foundation of the housing S is a fabric foundation, the foundation in the ground protrudes to the front side of the housing S itself, and can be an obstacle S1 when forming the foundation hole Hb on the rear side (the housing side). . In addition, various buried pipes can be obstacles when forming the front and rear foundation holes Ha, Hb. Therefore, each base hole Ha, Hb is formed at a position avoiding these obstacles within a predetermined interval X, Y designed from the housing S, and thereby, between the front pillar 4a and the rear pillar 4b. The distance is also within the designed predetermined interval M. In this embodiment, the pillars 4a and 4b are 90 mm square, and the rear pillar 4b has a rearmost position at a position where the center is separated from the front side surface of the housing S by D 2 = 220 mm, and is an abbreviation of the rafter 1. It is the position of the rear end, and can move to the front side in the range (designed range) of L 1 = 300 mm to 500 mm depending on the protruding width of the terrace. Further, the front pillar 4a is a position at the most front side, which is a position separated from the front side surface of the housing S by a distance determined according to the protruding width of the terrace, and is substantially at the front end of the rafter 1, from which the terrace It can move to the rear side in the range of L 2 = 300 mm to 500 mm (designed range) according to the width of the protrusion. However, the total amount of movement of the front pillar 4a and the rear pillar 4b is also in the range of 300 mm to 500 mm designed according to the protruding width of the terrace. Further, both the front pillar 4a and the rear pillar 4b are movable in the range of maximum W 1 = 500 mm on the inner side and maximum W 2 = 47 mm on the outer side in the left-right direction (W = W 1 + W 2 in FIG. 2 ). . When forming the base holes Ha and Hb, if the position of an obstacle in the ground is known in advance from a drawing or the like, the hole may be dug in a position avoiding it from the beginning. In addition, when an obstacle is found when a hole is dug, the positions of the basic holes Ha and Hb may be changed as appropriate at the site.

続いて、前柱４ａと後柱４ｂの前後位置が定まったことにより、屋根（垂木１）の傾斜に応じた前柱４ａと後柱４ｂの高さもそれぞれ定まる。そこで、前柱４ａ及び後柱４ｂの長さを、前後位置と垂木１の傾斜角度に応じて切り縮めて調整する。屋根は前側に向けて下方に傾斜するので、前柱４ａよりも後柱４ｂの方が長くなる。   Subsequently, since the front and rear positions of the front pillar 4a and the rear pillar 4b are determined, the heights of the front pillar 4a and the rear pillar 4b according to the inclination of the roof (rafter 1) are also determined. Therefore, the lengths of the front pillar 4 a and the rear pillar 4 b are adjusted by trimming according to the front-rear position and the inclination angle of the rafter 1. Since the roof is inclined downward toward the front side, the rear pillar 4b is longer than the front pillar 4a.

続いて、前側で、左右の基礎穴Ｈａに立設した柱４ａと、左右の柱４ａ間に架設した桁２とで門形を形成するとともに、後側で、左右の基礎穴Ｈｂに立設した柱４ｂと、左右の柱４ｂ間に架設した桁２とで門形を形成する。より具体的には、２本の前柱４ａに桁２を横架して門形に組み、同様に２本の後柱４ｂに桁２を横架して門形に組み、図７（ｂ）に示すように、前柱４ａを前側の左右の基礎穴Ｈａに立て、後柱４ｂを後側の左右の基礎穴Ｈｂに立てて、基礎穴Ｈａ，Ｈｂにコンクリート又はモルタルを流し込んで固定する。なお、この工程においては、前柱４ａ及び後柱４ｂを基礎穴Ｈａ，Ｈｂに立ててから、それぞれ左右の前柱４ａ及び後柱４ｂに桁２を載せて、門形に組んでもよい。   Subsequently, a gate is formed by the pillar 4a erected on the left and right foundation holes Ha on the front side and the girder 2 laid between the left and right pillars 4a, and erected on the left and right foundation holes Hb on the rear side. The pillar 4b and the girder 2 installed between the left and right pillars 4b form a gate shape. More specifically, the girder 2 is horizontally mounted on the two front pillars 4a and assembled in a gate shape, and similarly, the girder 2 is horizontally mounted on the two rear pillars 4b and assembled in a gate shape. ), The front pillar 4a is stood on the left and right foundation holes Ha on the front side, the rear pillar 4b is stood on the left and right foundation holes Hb, and concrete or mortar is poured into the foundation holes Ha and Hb and fixed. . In this step, the front pillar 4a and the rear pillar 4b may be placed in the base holes Ha and Hb, and then the girder 2 may be placed on the left and right front pillars 4a and rear pillars 4b to form a gate.

続いて、図７（ｃ）に示すように、前後の桁２に垂木１を載置して固定する。垂木１と桁２の連結には、上記のとおり連結具３を用いる。ここで、上記のように垂木１は躯体Ｓから設計した所定間隔をあけて前後の桁２に取り付けるものであって、この実施形態では、垂木１の後端に取り付ける後枠５ｂと、躯体Ｓの間の間隔が、Ｄ１＝７０ｍｍとなる位置とする。この際、上記のように、前柱４ａ及び後柱４ｂの前後位置は地中の障害物によって移動するので、垂木１に対する桁２の取付位置はその都度変化するものであり、前柱４ａ及び後柱４ｂの前後位置が確定することで、垂木１に対する桁２の取付位置が定まる。よって、垂木１の固定に際しては、まず、地上において、連結具３の係合部３２を垂木１の被係合部１１に係合させ、連結具３を垂木１の端部から上記のように定まった桁２の取付位置まで摺動させて、連結具３の垂木固定部３３を下側から垂木１にネジ止めする。こうして各垂木１に前後２つずつ連結具３を取り付ける。次に、垂木１を持ち上げて、屋根の設置位置である高所において、前後の桁２の上に載置する。既に連結具３の位置合わせをしてあり、前後の連結具３の位置がそれぞれ前後の桁２と一致するので、連結具３の桁固定部３４を上側から桁２にネジ止めする。 Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 7C, the rafters 1 are placed and fixed on the front and rear girders 2. As described above, the connecting tool 3 is used to connect the rafter 1 and the girder 2. Here, as described above, the rafter 1 is attached to the front and rear girders 2 with a predetermined interval designed from the case S. In this embodiment, the rear frame 5b attached to the rear end of the rafter 1 and the case S spacing between is a position where the D 1 = 70 mm. At this time, as described above, the front and rear positions of the front pillar 4a and the rear pillar 4b are moved by obstacles in the ground, so the attachment position of the beam 2 with respect to the rafter 1 changes each time. By fixing the front and rear positions of the rear pillar 4b, the attachment position of the beam 2 with respect to the rafter 1 is determined. Therefore, when the rafter 1 is fixed, first, on the ground, the engaging portion 32 of the connecting tool 3 is engaged with the engaged portion 11 of the rafter 1, and the connecting tool 3 is moved from the end of the rafter 1 as described above. The rafter fixing part 33 of the connector 3 is screwed to the rafter 1 from the lower side by sliding to the fixed mounting position of the girder 2. In this way, two connecting tools 3 are attached to each rafter 1 in the front and rear. Next, the rafter 1 is lifted and placed on the front and rear girders 2 at a high place where the roof is installed. Since the position of the connecting tool 3 has already been aligned, and the positions of the front and rear connecting tools 3 coincide with the front and rear girders 2, respectively, the girder fixing portion 34 of the connecting tool 3 is screwed to the girders 2 from above.

その後、垂木１の前後端にそれぞれ前枠５ａと後枠５ｂを取り付けるとともに、前後方向中間部に中桟６を取り付ける。なお、後枠５ｂには、予めクッション材９を取り付ける。続いて、垂木１の間にパネル材７を取り付けてパネル押さえ具７１で固定し、さらに垂木１に垂木カバー８を取り付ける。そして、各部材の端部にキャップを取り付けて（キャップは、上記工程の途中で適宜取り付けてもよい）、テラスが完成する。   Thereafter, the front frame 5a and the rear frame 5b are attached to the front and rear ends of the rafter 1, respectively, and the middle rail 6 is attached to the middle portion in the front-rear direction. A cushion material 9 is attached in advance to the rear frame 5b. Subsequently, the panel material 7 is attached between the rafters 1 and fixed with the panel presser 71, and the rafter cover 8 is attached to the rafter 1. And a cap is attached to the edge part of each member (a cap may be attached suitably in the middle of the said process), and a terrace is completed.

このようなテラス（簡易構造物）の現地製造方法によれば、左右にそれぞれ前柱４ａと後柱４ｂを配置した両支持式で、片持ち式のものと比べて必要な強度を確保しつつ柱４ａ，４ｂを細くすることができ、意匠的な制約が少ない簡易構造物を製造できる。そして、設置箇所の地中に躯体Ｓの基礎や配管などの障害物がある場合に、それを避けつつ躯体Ｓから設計した所定間隔内の位置に前柱４ａ及び後柱４ｂを立てるものであって、これにより柱４ａ，４ｂの前後位置が変動した場合でも、垂木１を柱４ａ，４ｂの前後位置によらず躯体Ｓから設計した所定間隔をあけて前後の桁２に取り付けるので、簡易構造物を建物躯体に近接して設置することができる。また、垂木１と桁２を連結する際に、予め連結具３を垂木１に固定できるので、作業者は、連結具３を取り付けた垂木１とネジのみを持って高所に上がり、連結具３を桁２にネジ止めすればよく、施工性が良好である。連結具３は予め垂木１の所定の位置に付いており、これだけで垂木１を所定の位置に取り付けられるので、高所で垂木１の位置合わせを行う必要がない。また、連結具３を垂木１に固定する際、連結具３が垂木１に対して摺動自在なので、前柱４ａ及び後柱４ｂの取付位置に応じた位置合わせが容易である。   According to the on-site manufacturing method of such a terrace (simple structure), while maintaining the necessary strength compared to the cantilever type with both support types in which the front pillar 4a and the rear pillar 4b are arranged on the left and right, respectively. The pillars 4a and 4b can be made thin, and a simple structure with few design restrictions can be manufactured. Then, when there are obstacles such as the foundation of the housing S or piping in the ground of the installation location, the front pillar 4a and the rear pillar 4b are set up at positions within a predetermined interval designed from the housing S while avoiding them. Thus, even when the front and rear positions of the columns 4a and 4b vary, the rafter 1 is attached to the front and rear beams 2 with a predetermined interval designed from the housing S regardless of the front and rear positions of the columns 4a and 4b. Objects can be placed close to the building frame. Further, when connecting the rafter 1 and the girder 2, the connecting tool 3 can be fixed to the rafter 1 in advance, so that the operator goes up to a high place with only the rafter 1 to which the connecting tool 3 is attached and a screw, and connects the connecting tool 3. What is necessary is just to screw 3 to the beam 2, and workability is favorable. The connector 3 is attached to a predetermined position of the rafter 1 in advance, and the rafter 1 can be attached to the predetermined position only by this, so that it is not necessary to align the rafter 1 at a high place. Further, when the connecting tool 3 is fixed to the rafter 1, the connecting tool 3 is slidable with respect to the rafter 1, so that the alignment according to the mounting positions of the front pillar 4a and the rear pillar 4b is easy.

次に、本発明の方法により、住宅などの建物躯体に近接して設置されるパーゴラを製造する場合を例に挙げる。このパーゴラの例においても、躯体の前側にパーゴラ（簡易構造物）が設置されるものとし（パーゴラ側が前側、躯体側が後側、図９）、左右はパーゴラを正面視した際の左右方向を示す（図１０）。図９〜図１２に示すように、このパーゴラは、左右の柱（前柱４ａ及び後柱４ｂ）と桁２を門形に組み、前後の桁２の間に出幅桁２ａを設け、さらに前後の桁２の上に垂木１を載せたものである。   Next, a case where a pergola installed close to a building housing such as a house is manufactured by the method of the present invention will be described as an example. Also in this example of the pergola, a pergola (simple structure) is assumed to be installed on the front side of the housing (the pergola side is the front side, the housing side is the rear side, FIG. 9), and the left and right indicate the left and right directions when the pergola is viewed from the front. (FIG. 10). As shown in FIGS. 9 to 12, this pergola has left and right pillars (front pillar 4 a and rear pillar 4 b) and a girder 2 assembled in a gate shape, and an extended width girder 2 a is provided between the front and rear girder 2. A rafter 1 is placed on the front and rear girders 2.

前柱４ａ及び後柱４ｂは、断面略正方形の形材からなり、躯体Ｓの前側の左右位置に後柱４ｂを立設してあり、左右の後柱４ｂの前方にそれぞれ前柱４ａを立設してある。設置面の、各柱４ａ，４ｂの立設位置には、上面視して正方形の基礎穴Ｈａ，Ｈｂを形成してあり、基礎穴Ｈａ，Ｈｂに柱４ａ，４ｂを立てて、コンクリート又はモルタルを流し込んで固定してある。なお、垂木１は水平に設けられるものであり、前柱４ａと後柱４ｂは同じ高さである。   The front pillar 4a and the rear pillar 4b are made of a material having a substantially square cross section. The rear pillar 4b is erected at the left and right positions on the front side of the housing S, and the front pillar 4a is erected in front of the left and right rear pillars 4b. It is set up. Square base holes Ha, Hb are formed at the standing position of the pillars 4a, 4b on the installation surface when viewed from above, and the pillars 4a, 4b are erected in the base holes Ha, Hb to make concrete or mortar. It is poured and fixed. The rafter 1 is provided horizontally, and the front pillar 4a and the rear pillar 4b have the same height.

桁２は、断面略矩形の形材からなり、左右の前柱４ａ及び左右の後柱４ｂにそれぞれ横架してあり、左右の２本の柱４ａ，４ｂと桁２で門形に組んである。柱４ａ，４ｂと桁２の連結には、図１１及び図１２に示すような結合部材４１を用いている。結合部材４１は、略矩形の平板部４２と、平板部４２の下面に左右並んで２枚形成された垂下面４３からなり、平板部４２を桁２の下面に当接させてボルト止めし、２枚の垂下面４３を柱４ａ，４ｂの上端の開口部内に挿入して柱４ａ，４ｂの左右面からネジ止めしてある。   The girder 2 is made of a material having a substantially rectangular cross section, and is horizontally laid on the left and right front pillars 4a and the left and right rear pillars 4b, and is assembled in a gate shape with the left and right pillars 4a and 4b and the girder 2. is there. A coupling member 41 as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12 is used to connect the columns 4a, 4b and the beam 2. The coupling member 41 is composed of a substantially rectangular flat plate portion 42 and a suspended lower surface 43 formed on the lower surface of the flat plate portion 42 so as to be arranged on the left and right sides. Two hanging surfaces 43 are inserted into the openings at the upper ends of the columns 4a and 4b and screwed from the left and right surfaces of the columns 4a and 4b.

出幅桁２ａは、断面略矩形の形材からなり、前後の桁２の間の左右端部にそれぞれ横架してある。図１１に示すように、前側の桁２の後側面及び後側の桁２の前側面に、略Ｌ字形の取付具２１を取り付けてあり、前後の取付具２１に出幅桁２ａの前後の端部を載置し、下側からネジ止めして固定してある。   The extended width girder 2a is made of a material having a substantially rectangular cross section, and is horizontally laid on left and right end portions between the front and rear girders 2, respectively. As shown in FIG. 11, a substantially L-shaped attachment 21 is attached to the rear side of the front girder 2 and the front side of the rear girder 2. The end is placed and fixed with screws from below.

垂木１は、下側部材１４と、上側部材１５の２つの形材を組み合わせて形成されるものであり、図９及び図１０に示すように、前後の桁２に横架してあって、水平向きで、左右に等間隔に７本並んでいる。図１３に示すように、垂木１の下側部材１４は、底面部１４１と、底面部１４１の上面の左右方向中央に形成した断面略矩形の突部１４２と、底面部１４１の左右両端から上向きに立設する立設片１４３を有し、突部１４２の高さは立設片１４３の高さよりも高く、突部１４２の上端の左右端部には、先端に外側向きの爪状部を有する係合片１４４を形成してある。一方、垂木１の上側部材１５は、断面略矩形で下側部材１４と左右幅が同じであって、下面の左右方向中央に形成した下側溝部１５１と、上面の左右方向中央に形成した上側溝部１５２と、下面の左右両端から下向きに垂下する垂下片１５３を有し、下側溝部１５１の側壁部には、下側部材１４の係合片１４４と係合する爪状部を形成してあり、垂下片１５３の下端部内側には、略Ｌ字形の係止片１５４を形成してある。   The rafter 1 is formed by combining the two members of the lower member 14 and the upper member 15, and as shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. Seven are arranged horizontally at equal intervals in the horizontal direction. As shown in FIG. 13, the lower member 14 of the rafter 1 includes a bottom surface 141, a protrusion 142 having a substantially rectangular cross section formed at the center in the left-right direction of the top surface of the bottom surface 141, and upward from both left and right ends of the bottom surface 141. The projection 142 has a height higher than the height of the projection 143. The left and right ends of the upper end of the projection 142 have claw-like portions facing outward at the tip. An engaging piece 144 is formed. On the other hand, the upper member 15 of the rafter 1 has a substantially rectangular cross section and the same width as the lower member 14. The lower member 151 is formed at the center of the lower surface in the left-right direction, and is formed at the center of the upper surface in the left-right direction. The side groove 152 has a hanging piece 153 that hangs downward from the left and right ends of the lower surface. A claw-like portion that engages with the engaging piece 144 of the lower member 14 is formed on the side wall of the lower groove 151. A substantially L-shaped locking piece 154 is formed on the inner side of the lower end portion of the hanging piece 153.

そして、垂木１は桁２と直交して桁２の上面に固定してある。垂木１の下側部材１４の底面部１４１が、桁２の上面に当接しており、底面部１４１の突部１４２と立設片１４３の間部分からネジ止めして、下側部材１４を桁２に固定してある。また、上側部材１５の左右の垂下片１５３の係止片１５４を下側部材１４の左右の立設片１４３の上端にそれぞれ係止させ、下側部材１４の左右の係合片１４４を上側部材１５の下側溝部１５１に挿入して爪状部同士を係合させて、下側部材１４の上側から、上側部材１５を取り付けてあって、上側部材１５によって、下側部材１４を桁２に固定するネジを覆い隠してある。そして、上側部材１５の上側溝部１５２の底面から、下側溝部１５１の底面を貫通して、下側部材１４の突部１４２の上面にネジ止めしてあり、上側溝部１５２に目板１５５を取り付けてネジを覆い隠してある。このようにして形成される垂木１は、下側部材１４と上側部材１５が一体となって断面略矩形となる。   The rafter 1 is fixed to the upper surface of the girder 2 orthogonal to the girder 2. The bottom surface portion 141 of the lower member 14 of the rafter 1 is in contact with the upper surface of the girder 2, and is screwed from the portion between the projecting portion 142 of the bottom surface portion 141 and the standing piece 143, thereby lowering the lower member 14. 2 is fixed. Further, the engaging pieces 154 of the left and right hanging pieces 153 of the upper member 15 are respectively engaged with the upper ends of the left and right standing pieces 143 of the lower member 14, and the left and right engaging pieces 144 of the lower member 14 are engaged with the upper member. 15 is inserted into the lower groove portion 151 and the claws are engaged with each other, and the upper member 15 is attached from the upper side of the lower member 14. The fixing screw is covered and hidden. Then, from the bottom surface of the upper groove portion 152 of the upper member 15, the bottom surface of the lower groove portion 151 is penetrated and screwed to the upper surface of the projecting portion 142 of the lower member 14. Is attached and the screw is covered. The rafter 1 formed in this way has a substantially rectangular cross section with the lower member 14 and the upper member 15 integrated.

また、図１４に示すように、各垂木１の後端部には、後端面全体を覆い上面まで延びる略Ｌ字形の後端部材１６を取り付けてある。後端部材１６は、垂木１の上面にネジ止めしてあり、後側面にネジ孔を形成してある。そして、後端部材１６の後側面には、クッション材９を取り付けてある。クッション材９は、円錐台形状のものであって、中心軸に沿って貫通孔を形成してあり、貫通孔にネジを通して、後端部材１６のネジ孔にネジ止めしてある。このクッション材９は、パーゴラが風にあおられるなどして撓んだ際に、垂木１の後端が躯体Ｓと直接接触することを防ぐためのものである。   As shown in FIG. 14, a substantially L-shaped rear end member 16 that covers the entire rear end surface and extends to the upper surface is attached to the rear end portion of each rafter 1. The rear end member 16 is screwed to the upper surface of the rafter 1 and has a screw hole formed in the rear side surface. A cushion material 9 is attached to the rear side surface of the rear end member 16. The cushion material 9 has a truncated cone shape, has a through hole formed along the central axis, is screwed through the through hole, and is screwed into the screw hole of the rear end member 16. The cushion material 9 is for preventing the rear end of the rafter 1 from coming into direct contact with the housing S when the pergola is bent by being blown by wind or the like.

次に、図１５及び図１６に基づき、このように構成するパーゴラの現地製造方法（施工手順）について説明する。このパーゴラは、垂木１を躯体Ｓから設計した所定間隔をあけて設け、躯体Ｓの前側に近接して設置するものであり、ここでは、垂木１の後端と、躯体Ｓの間の間隔が、Ｄ１＝７０ｍｍとなる位置に垂木１を設ける（以下、パーゴラ各部の間隔については図９、図１０、図１６参照）。すなわち、垂木１の位置は、予め定まっていることになる。そして、具体的な手順として、まず、図１５（ａ）に示すように、左右の後柱４ｂの基礎穴Ｈｂを、躯体Ｓから設計した所定間隔Ｘ内（より詳しくは、後柱４ｂの中心が、躯体ＳからＤ１だけ離して設けた垂木１の後端部から前側の、設計した所定間隔Ｌ１内に納まり、ＸはＬ１に基礎穴Ｈｂの見込幅を加えた間隔である）で障害物を避けた位置に形成し、左右の前柱４ａの基礎穴Ｈａを、躯体Ｓから設計した所定間隔Ｙ内（より詳しくは、前柱４ａの中心が、躯体ＳからＤ１だけ離して設けた垂木１の前端部から後側の、設計した所定間隔Ｌ２内に納まり、ＹはＬ２に基礎穴Ｈａの見込幅を加えた間隔である）で障害物を避けた位置に形成する。この際、躯体Ｓの基礎が布基礎である場合、地中の基礎が躯体Ｓ自体よりも前側に突出しており、後側（躯体側）の基礎穴Ｈｂを形成する際の障害物Ｓ１となり得る。またそれ以外にも、埋設された種々の配管などが、前後の基礎穴Ｈａ，Ｈｂを形成する際の障害物となり得る。そこで、各基礎穴Ｈａ，Ｈｂは、躯体Ｓから設計した所定間隔Ｘ，Ｙ内でそれらの障害物を避けた位置に形成されるものであり、これにより、前柱４ａと後柱４ｂの間の距離も、設計した所定間隔Ｍ内のものとなる。この実施形態では、柱４ａ，４ｂが９０ｍｍ角であって、後柱４ｂは、最も後側の位置が、中心が躯体Ｓの前側面からパーゴラの出幅に応じてＤ２＝１８４ｍｍ〜１６８ｍｍ離隔した位置であって垂木１の略後端の位置であり、そこからパーゴラの出幅に応じてＬ１＝３００ｍｍ〜５００ｍｍの範囲（設計した範囲）で前側に移動可能である。また、前柱４ａは、最も前側の位置が、パーゴラの出幅に応じて躯体Ｓの前側面から定められた距離だけ離隔した位置であって垂木１の略前端の位置であり、そこからパーゴラの出幅に応じてＬ２＝３００ｍｍ〜５００ｍｍの範囲（設計した範囲）で後側に移動可能である。ただし、前柱４ａと後柱４ｂの移動量の合計も、パーゴラの出幅に応じて設計した３００ｍｍ〜５００ｍｍの範囲となる。さらに、前柱４ａと後柱４ｂは何れも、左右方向に関して、内側に最大Ｗ１＝５００ｍｍ、外側に最大Ｗ２＝２３ｍｍの範囲で移動可能である（図１０ではＷ＝Ｗ１＋Ｗ２）。なお、基礎穴Ｈａ，Ｈｂの形成に際して、地中の障害物の位置が予め図面などによりわかっている場合には、当初からそれを避けた位置に穴を掘ればよい。また、穴を掘ったところ障害物が発見された場合には、現場で適宜基礎穴Ｈａ，Ｈｂの位置を変更すればよい。 Next, based on FIG.15 and FIG.16, the local manufacturing method (construction procedure) of the pergola comprised in this way is demonstrated. In this pergola, the rafters 1 are provided at a predetermined interval designed from the housing S, and are installed close to the front side of the housing S. Here, the distance between the rear end of the rafter 1 and the housing S is , D 1 = 70 mm is provided at a position (hereinafter, see FIGS. 9, 10, and 16 for the interval between the pergola parts). That is, the position of the rafter 1 is determined in advance. As a specific procedure, first, as shown in FIG. 15 (a), the base holes Hb of the left and right rear columns 4b are arranged within a predetermined interval X designed from the housing S (more specifically, the center of the rear column 4b). but the front from the rear end portion of the rafter 1 which is provided away from skeleton S by D 1, fit within a predetermined distance L 1 designed, X is the interval plus the expected width of the foundation holes Hb to L 1) in is formed at a position avoiding obstacles, the foundation hole Ha of the right and left front pillars 4a, the predetermined distance in the Y (more specifically designed from skeleton S, the center of the front pillar 4a is, away from skeleton S by D 1 The rafter 1 is provided at a position behind the front end of the rafter 1 within the designed predetermined interval L 2 , and Y is an interval obtained by adding the expected width of the base hole Ha to L 2. To do. At this time, when the foundation of the housing S is a fabric foundation, the foundation in the ground protrudes to the front side of the housing S itself, and can be an obstacle S1 when forming the foundation hole Hb on the rear side (the housing side). . In addition, various buried pipes can be obstacles when forming the front and rear foundation holes Ha, Hb. Therefore, each base hole Ha, Hb is formed at a position avoiding these obstacles within a predetermined interval X, Y designed from the housing S, and thereby, between the front pillar 4a and the rear pillar 4b. The distance is also within the designed predetermined interval M. In this embodiment, the pillars 4a and 4b are 90 mm square, and the rear pillar 4b has a rearmost position that is centered at a distance of D 2 = 184 mm to 168 mm depending on the width of the pergola from the front side of the housing S. This position is the position of the substantially rear end of the rafter 1, and can be moved forward in the range of L 1 = 300 mm to 500 mm (designed range) according to the width of the pergola. Further, the front pillar 4a is a position at the most front side, which is a position separated from the front side of the housing S by a distance determined according to the width of the pergola, and is a position of a substantially front end of the rafter 1, from which the pergola It can move to the rear side in the range of L 2 = 300 mm to 500 mm (designed range) according to the width of the protrusion. However, the total amount of movement of the front pillar 4a and the rear pillar 4b is also in a range of 300 mm to 500 mm designed according to the protruding width of the pergola. Further, both the front pillar 4a and the rear pillar 4b are movable in the range of maximum W 1 = 500 mm on the inner side and maximum W 2 = 23 mm on the outer side in the left-right direction (W = W 1 + W 2 in FIG. 10). . When forming the base holes Ha and Hb, if the position of an obstacle in the ground is known in advance from a drawing or the like, the hole may be dug in a position avoiding it from the beginning. In addition, when an obstacle is found when a hole is dug, the positions of the basic holes Ha and Hb may be changed as appropriate at the site.

続いて、前側で、左右の基礎穴Ｈａに立設した柱４ａと、左右の柱４ａ間に架設した桁２とで門形を形成するとともに、後側で、左右の基礎穴Ｈｂに立設した柱４ｂと、左右の柱４ｂ間に架設した桁２とで門形を形成する。より具体的には、桁２に出幅桁２ａの取付具２１を取り付けた上で、２本の前柱４ａに桁２を横架して門形に組み、同様に２本の後柱４ｂに桁２を横架して門形に組み、図１５（ｂ）に示すように、前柱４ａを前側の左右の基礎穴Ｈａに立て、後柱４ｂを後側の左右の基礎穴Ｈｂに立てて、基礎穴Ｈａ，Ｈｂにコンクリート又はモルタルを流し込んで固定する。なお、この工程においては、前柱４ａ及び後柱４ｂを基礎穴Ｈａ，Ｈｂに立ててから、それぞれ左右の前柱４ａ及び後柱４ｂに桁２を載せて、門形に組んでもよい。   Subsequently, a gate is formed by the pillar 4a erected on the left and right foundation holes Ha on the front side and the girder 2 laid between the left and right pillars 4a, and erected on the left and right foundation holes Hb on the rear side. The pillar 4b and the girder 2 installed between the left and right pillars 4b form a gate shape. More specifically, after attaching the fixture 21 of the extended width girder 2a to the girder 2, the girder 2 is horizontally mounted on the two front pillars 4a and assembled in a gate shape, and similarly the two rear pillars 4b. As shown in FIG. 15 (b), the front column 4a is set up on the left and right foundation holes Ha, and the rear column 4b is set on the left and right foundation holes Hb. Stand and pour concrete or mortar into the foundation holes Ha and Hb and fix them. In this step, the front pillar 4a and the rear pillar 4b may be placed in the base holes Ha and Hb, and then the girder 2 may be placed on the left and right front pillars 4a and rear pillars 4b to form a gate.

続いて、前後の桁２の間の左右端部に、それぞれ出幅桁２ａを取り付ける。この際、前柱４ａ及び後柱４ｂを前後に移動させた場合には、移動距離に応じて、出幅桁２ａを切り縮めて長さを調整する。出幅桁２ａは、前後の端部を桁２に取り付けた取付具２１に載置し、下側からネジ止めして固定する。   Subsequently, the outgoing width girder 2a is attached to the left and right end portions between the front and rear girders 2, respectively. At this time, when the front pillar 4a and the rear pillar 4b are moved back and forth, the length is adjusted by cutting the outgoing width girder 2a according to the movement distance. The extended width girder 2a is placed on a fixture 21 having front and rear ends attached to the girder 2, and is fixed by screwing from below.

続いて、図１５（ｃ）に示すように、前後の桁２に垂木１を載置して固定する。ここで、上記のように垂木１は躯体Ｓから設計した所定間隔をあけて前後の桁２に取り付けるものであって、この実施形態では、垂木１の後端と、躯体Ｓの間の間隔が、Ｄ１＝７０ｍｍとなる位置とする。この際、上記のように、前柱４ａ及び後柱４ｂの前後位置は地中の障害物によって移動するので、垂木１に対する桁２の取付位置はその都度変化するものであり、前柱４ａ及び後柱４ｂの前後位置が確定することで、垂木１に対する桁２の取付位置が定まる。よって、垂木１の固定に際しては、まず、地上において、垂木１の下側部材１４の底面部１４１の突部１４２と立設片１４３の間部分の、上記のように定まった前後２箇所の桁２の取付位置に、ネジ孔を形成する。次に、垂木１の下側部材１４を持ち上げて、屋根の設置位置である高所において、前後の桁２の上に載置する。既に桁２の取付位置にネジ孔を形成してあり、前後のネジ孔の位置がそれぞれ前後の桁２と一致するので、垂木１の下側部材１４の底面部１４１を上側から桁２にネジ止めする。次に、垂木１の上側部材１５を持ち上げて、下側部材１４に上側から取り付けてネジ止めし、垂木１が形成される。 Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 15C, the rafters 1 are placed and fixed on the front and rear girders 2. Here, as described above, the rafter 1 is attached to the front and rear girders 2 with a predetermined interval designed from the case S. In this embodiment, the interval between the rear end of the rafter 1 and the case S is as follows. , D 1 = 70 mm. At this time, as described above, the front and rear positions of the front pillar 4a and the rear pillar 4b are moved by obstacles in the ground, so the attachment position of the beam 2 with respect to the rafter 1 changes each time. By fixing the front and rear positions of the rear pillar 4b, the attachment position of the beam 2 with respect to the rafter 1 is determined. Therefore, when the rafter 1 is fixed, first, on the ground, the two front and rear girders determined as described above, between the protruding portion 142 of the bottom surface portion 141 of the lower member 14 of the rafter 1 and the standing piece 143. A screw hole is formed at the mounting position 2. Next, the lower member 14 of the rafter 1 is lifted and placed on the front and rear girders 2 at a high place where the roof is installed. Since the screw holes are already formed at the mounting position of the girder 2 and the positions of the front and rear screw holes respectively coincide with the front and rear girder 2, the bottom surface portion 141 of the lower member 14 of the rafter 1 is screwed onto the girder 2 from the upper side. Stop. Next, the upper member 15 of the rafter 1 is lifted, attached to the lower member 14 from the upper side and screwed, and the rafter 1 is formed.

その後、垂木１の後端にクッション材９を設けた後端部材１６を取り付ける。そして、各部材の端部にキャップを取り付けて（キャップは、上記工程の途中で適宜取り付けてもよい）、パーゴラが完成する。   Thereafter, the rear end member 16 provided with the cushion material 9 is attached to the rear end of the rafter 1. And a cap is attached to the edge part of each member (a cap may be suitably attached in the middle of the said process), and a pergola is completed.

このようなパーゴラ（簡易構造物）の現地製造方法によれば、左右にそれぞれ前柱４ａと後柱４ｂを配置した両支持式で、片持ち式のものと比べて必要な強度を確保しつつ柱４ａ，４ｂを細くすることができ、意匠的な制約が少ない簡易構造物を製造できる。そして、設置箇所の地中に躯体Ｓの基礎や配管などの障害物がある場合に、それを避けつつ躯体Ｓから設計した所定間隔内の位置に前柱４ａ及び後柱４ｂを立てるものであって、これにより柱４ａ，４ｂの前後位置が変動した場合でも、垂木１を柱４ａ，４ｂの前後位置によらず躯体Ｓから設計した所定間隔をあけて前後の桁２に取り付けるので、簡易構造物を建物躯体に近接して設置することができる。また、垂木１が下側部材１４と上側部材１５とに分割されており、下側部材１４を桁２にネジ止めして、上側部材１５で上側から覆うので、ネジやその他の部品が露出せず、意匠性が良好である。特にパーゴラにおいては、屋根材がなく、垂木１と桁２の接合部が上側（上層階）から直接見えるため、有効である。   According to such a pergola (simple structure) on-site manufacturing method, the front pillar 4a and the rear pillar 4b are arranged on the left and right, respectively, and the necessary strength is ensured as compared with the cantilever type. The pillars 4a and 4b can be made thin, and a simple structure with few design restrictions can be manufactured. Then, when there are obstacles such as the foundation of the housing S or piping in the ground of the installation location, the front pillar 4a and the rear pillar 4b are set up at positions within a predetermined interval designed from the housing S while avoiding them. Thus, even when the front and rear positions of the columns 4a and 4b vary, the rafter 1 is attached to the front and rear beams 2 with a predetermined interval designed from the housing S regardless of the front and rear positions of the columns 4a and 4b. Objects can be placed close to the building frame. Further, the rafter 1 is divided into a lower member 14 and an upper member 15, and the lower member 14 is screwed to the beam 2 and covered with the upper member 15 from above, so that screws and other parts are exposed. The design is good. Particularly in the pergola, there is no roofing material, and the joint between the rafter 1 and the girder 2 is directly visible from the upper side (upper floor), which is effective.

本発明は、上記の実施形態に限定されない。たとえば、テラスの場合とパーゴラの場合の何れにおいても、上記の本発明の趣旨に影響しない部分において、工程の変更、追加、削除があっても構わない。   The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, in both the case of a terrace and the case of a pergola, there may be a process change, addition, or deletion in a part that does not affect the gist of the present invention.

１ 垂木
２ 桁
４ａ 前柱
４ｂ 後柱
Ｈａ 基礎穴（前側）
Ｈｂ 基礎穴（後側）
Ｓ 躯体 1 rafter 2 girder 4a front pillar 4b rear pillar Ha foundation hole (front side)
Hb Foundation hole (rear side)
S 躯体

Claims (1)

次の工程を有し、簡易構造物の垂木を建物躯体から設計した所定間隔をあけて設け、建物躯体の前側に近接して設置する簡易構造物の現地製造方法。
（１）後側の左右の柱の基礎穴を躯体から設計した所定間隔内で障害物を避けた位置に形成し、前側の左右の柱の基礎穴を躯体から設計した所定間隔内の位置に形成する工程。
（２）前側及び後側で左右の基礎穴に立設した柱と左右の柱間に架設した桁とで門形を形成する工程。
（３）垂木を躯体から設計した所定間隔をあけて前後の桁に取り付ける工程。 A method for on-site production of a simple structure comprising the following steps, wherein rafters of a simple structure are provided at a predetermined interval designed from the building frame, and are installed close to the front side of the building frame.
(1) The base holes of the left and right pillars on the rear side are formed at positions that avoid obstacles within a predetermined interval designed from the housing, and the foundation holes of the left and right columns on the front side are located within the predetermined intervals designed from the housing. Forming step.
(2) A step of forming a gate shape with pillars erected in the left and right foundation holes on the front side and the rear side and girders laid between the left and right pillars.
(3) A step of attaching rafters to the front and rear girders at a predetermined interval designed from the frame.
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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH07293011A (en) * 1994-04-25 1995-11-07 Sekisui House Ltd Pergola structure of outside space unit system
US20140165495A1 (en) * 2012-12-17 2014-06-19 White Aluminum Products, LLC Folding carport
JP2015224435A (en) * 2014-05-26 2015-12-14 Ykk Ap株式会社 Independent structure and fitting method for gap covering material

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH07293011A (en) * 1994-04-25 1995-11-07 Sekisui House Ltd Pergola structure of outside space unit system
US20140165495A1 (en) * 2012-12-17 2014-06-19 White Aluminum Products, LLC Folding carport
JP2015224435A (en) * 2014-05-26 2015-12-14 Ykk Ap株式会社 Independent structure and fitting method for gap covering material

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