JP6835533B2

JP6835533B2 - Simple structure

Info

Publication number: JP6835533B2
Application number: JP2016215061A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 純平保坂; 英司若松
Original assignee: Sankyo Tateyama Inc
Current assignee: Sankyo Tateyama Inc
Priority date: 2016-11-02
Filing date: 2016-11-02
Publication date: 2021-02-24
Anticipated expiration: 2036-11-02
Also published as: JP2018071268A

Description

本発明は、垂木や桁を組んで構成される簡易構造物に関する。 The present invention relates to a simple structure constructed by assembling rafters and girders.

テラスなどの簡易構造物において、水平に延びる桁に、桁と直交する垂木を載置し固定した構造のものがある。従来、このような垂木と桁の連結においては、特許文献１に示すように、垂木の両側に形成したフランジを、それぞれ桁に固定した固定金具でクランプ保持していた。 Some simple structures such as terraces have a structure in which rafters orthogonal to the girder are placed and fixed on a girder that extends horizontally. Conventionally, in such a connection between a rafter and a girder, as shown in Patent Document 1, flanges formed on both sides of the rafter are clamped and held by fixing metal fittings fixed to the girder.

特開２０１６−３３３０８号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2016-33308

しかしながら、このような連結構造の場合、固定金具は予め垂木と桁の何れにも固定されておらず、ともに垂木や桁が位置する高所で位置を合わせてから固定する。作業者は、垂木、固定金具及びビスを持って高所に上がり、垂木と桁の位置を合わせ、固定金具を垂木に係止するとともに、桁にビス止めしなければならず、施工性が良くなかった。 However, in the case of such a connecting structure, the fixing bracket is not fixed to either the rafters or the girders in advance, and both are fixed after being aligned at a high place where the rafters and girders are located. The worker must go up to a high place with the rafters, fixing brackets and screws, align the rafters with the girders, lock the fixing brackets to the rafters, and screw them to the girders for good workability. There wasn't.

本発明は、上記事情を鑑みたものであり、垂木と桁の連結が容易で施工性が良好な簡易構造物を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a simple structure in which rafters and girders can be easily connected and workability is good.

本発明は、垂木と、桁と、連結具を備え、連結具が、基板部と、基板部の上面に設けた係合部を有していて、基板部が、垂木の下面に当接する垂木固定部と、垂木の側方に延出する桁固定部からなり、垂木が、側面に被係合部を有していて、連結具の係合部が被係合部に対して垂木の長手方向に摺動自在に係合し、連結具が桁の取付位置まで摺動させてあり、垂木固定部を下側から垂木に固定してあり、桁固定部を上側から桁に固定してあることを特徴とする。 The present invention comprises a rafter, a girder, and a connecting tool, the connecting tool has a substrate portion and an engaging portion provided on the upper surface of the substrate portion, and the substrate portion is in contact with the lower surface of the rafter. It consists of a fixing part and a girder fixing part extending to the side of the rafter, the rafter has an engaged part on the side surface, and the engaging part of the connector is the length of the rafter with respect to the engaged part. slidably engage the direction coupler is Yes is slid to the mounted position of the digits, the rafter fixed portion Yes fixed from below to the rafters, there is fixed to the digit digit fixing portion from the upper side It is characterized by that.

本発明によれば、予め連結具を垂木に固定できるので、作業者は、連結具を取り付けた垂木を持って高所に上がり、連結具を桁に固定すればよく、施工性が良好である。連結具は予め垂木の所定の位置に付いているので、これだけで垂木を所定の位置に取り付けられる。また、連結具を垂木に固定する際、連結具が垂木に対して摺動自在なので、位置合わせが容易である。 According to the present invention, since the connecting tool can be fixed to the rafter in advance, the operator only needs to take the rafter to which the connecting tool is attached, go up to a high place, and fix the connecting tool to the girder, and the workability is good. .. Since the connecting tool is attached to the predetermined position of the rafter in advance, the rafter can be attached to the predetermined position only by this. Further, when the connecting tool is fixed to the rafters, the connecting tool is slidable with respect to the rafters, so that the alignment is easy.

簡易構造物の垂木と桁の連結部分の説明図である。It is explanatory drawing of the connection part of the rafter and the girder of a simple structure. 簡易構造物の妻垂木と桁の連結部分の説明図である。It is explanatory drawing of the connection part of the wife rafter and the girder of a simple structure. 簡易構造物の側面図である。It is a side view of a simple structure. 簡易構造物の正面図である。It is a front view of a simple structure. 簡易構造物の側面方向視断面図である。It is a side view sectional view of a simple structure. 簡易構造物の正面方向視断面図である。It is a front view sectional view of a simple structure. 簡易構造物の組立手順図（１）である。It is an assembly procedure figure (1) of a simple structure. 簡易構造物の組立手順図（２）である。It is an assembly procedure figure (2) of a simple structure. 簡易構造物の組立手順図（３）である。It is an assembly procedure figure (3) of a simple structure.

以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面に基づいて説明する。この簡易構造物は、種々の用途に用いられるものであるが、ここでは、住宅などの建物躯体に近接して設置されるテラスを例に挙げる。また、以下においては、躯体の前側に簡易構造物が設置されているものとし（簡易構造物側が前側、躯体側が後側、図３）、左右は簡易構造物を正面視した際の左右方向を示す（図４）。図３〜図６に示すように、この簡易構造物は、柱４と桁２を門形に組んだ上に、垂木１（妻垂木１ａを含む）と、前枠５ａ及び後枠５ｂと、中桟６と、パネル材７と、垂木カバー８を組んで構成した屋根を載せたものである。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. This simple structure is used for various purposes, but here, a terrace installed in the vicinity of a building frame such as a house will be taken as an example. In the following, it is assumed that the simple structure is installed on the front side of the skeleton (the simple structure side is the front side, the skeleton side is the rear side, Fig. 3), and the left and right are the left and right directions when the simple structure is viewed from the front. It is shown (Fig. 4). As shown in FIGS. 3 to 6, in this simple structure, a pillar 4 and a girder 2 are assembled in a gate shape, and a rafter 1 (including a wife rafter 1a), a front frame 5a, and a rear frame 5b are formed. A roof composed of a center rail 6, a panel material 7, and a rafter cover 8 is placed on the roof.

柱４は、断面略正方形の形材からなり、躯体Ｓの前側の左右位置に、前後に間隔を空けて２本ずつ立設してある。設置面の、各柱４の立設位置には、上面視して正方形の基礎穴Ｈを形成してあり、基礎穴Ｈに柱４を立てて、コンクリート又はモルタルを流し込んで固定してある。なお、屋根（垂木１）が前側に向けて下方に傾斜して設けられるものであり、その傾斜に合わせて、前側の柱４よりも後側の柱４の方が高くなっている。 The pillar 4 is made of a shape having a substantially square cross section, and two pillars are erected at the left and right positions on the front side of the skeleton S with a space in the front and back. A square foundation hole H is formed at the standing position of each pillar 4 on the installation surface when viewed from above, and the pillar 4 is erected in the foundation hole H and concrete or mortar is poured and fixed. The roof (rafter 1) is provided so as to be inclined downward toward the front side, and the pillar 4 on the rear side is higher than the pillar 4 on the front side in accordance with the inclination.

桁２は、断面略矩形の形材からなり、前後それぞれの左右の柱４に横架してあり、左右の２本の柱４と桁２で門形に組んである。ただし、桁２の上面は、垂木１の傾斜に合わせて、前側に向けて下方に傾斜した面となっている。柱４と桁２の連結には、図５及び図６に示すような結合部材４１を用いている。結合部材４１は、略矩形の平板部４２と、平板部４２の下面に左右並んで２枚形成された垂下面４３からなり、平板部４２を桁２の下面に当接させてボルト止めし、２枚の垂下面４３を柱４の上端の開口部内に挿入して柱４の左右面からボルト止めしてある。 The girder 2 is made of a shape member having a substantially rectangular cross section, is horizontally laid on the left and right pillars 4 on the front and rear sides, and is assembled in a gate shape by the two pillars 4 on the left and right and the girder 2. However, the upper surface of the girder 2 is a surface that is inclined downward toward the front side in accordance with the inclination of the rafter 1. A connecting member 41 as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 is used to connect the pillar 4 and the girder 2. The connecting member 41 is composed of a substantially rectangular flat plate portion 42 and two hanging lower surfaces 43 formed side by side on the lower surface of the flat plate portion 42, and the flat plate portion 42 is brought into contact with the lower surface of the girder 2 and bolted. Two hanging lower surfaces 43 are inserted into the openings at the upper ends of the columns 4 and bolted from the left and right surfaces of the columns 4.

垂木１及び妻垂木１ａは、断面略矩形の形材からなり、図３及び図４に示すように、前後の桁２に横架してあって、前側に向けて下方に傾斜して、左右に等間隔に５本（中間部の３本の垂木１と、両端の２本の妻垂木１ａ）並んでいる。図１に示すように、垂木１の左右の側面の下部には、長手方向に延びる略Ｇ字形の溝状の被係合部１１を形成してある。また、上面の左右方向中央には、長手方向に延びるネジ受溝１２を形成してある。さらに、上面の左右には、タイト材ホルダを設けてあって、それぞれタイト材１３を取り付けてある。 The rafters 1 and the wife rafters 1a are made of shaped members having a substantially rectangular cross section, and as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, they are laid horizontally on the front and rear girders 2, and are inclined downward toward the front side to the left and right. Five rafters (three rafters 1 in the middle and two rafters 1a at both ends) are lined up at equal intervals. As shown in FIG. 1, a substantially G-shaped groove-shaped engaged portion 11 extending in the longitudinal direction is formed in the lower portion of the left and right side surfaces of the rafter 1. Further, a screw receiving groove 12 extending in the longitudinal direction is formed at the center of the upper surface in the left-right direction. Further, tight material holders are provided on the left and right sides of the upper surface, and the tight material 13 is attached to each.

そして、垂木１は桁２と直交して桁２の上面に固定してあり、垂木１と桁２の連結には、図１に示すような連結具３を用いている。連結具３は、矩形平板状の基板部３１と、基板部３１の上面に設けた左右２つの係合部３２を有する。係合部３２は、左右で対向する逆Ｊ字状のものであり、左右の係合部３２の間に垂木１が丁度納まり、垂木１の左右の被係合部１１にそれぞれ係合部３２が垂木１の長手方向に摺動自在に係合する。また、基板部３１は、左右の係合部３２の間部分の垂木固定部３３と、係合部３２の外側部分の桁固定部３４からなり、垂木１の被係合部１１に連結具３の係合部３２を係合させた状態で、垂木固定部３３が垂木１の下面に当接しており、桁固定部３４が垂木１の側方に延出している。そして、垂木固定部３３を、下側から垂木１にネジ止めして固定してあり、桁固定部３４を、上側から桁２にネジ止めして固定してあって、連結具３により垂木１と桁２が連結されている。なお、垂木固定部３３の下面には凹部３５を形成してあり、垂木固定部３３を垂木１に固定するネジの頭部が凹部３５に納まることで、桁２と干渉しないようにしてある。 The rafter 1 is fixed to the upper surface of the girder 2 orthogonal to the girder 2, and a connecting tool 3 as shown in FIG. 1 is used to connect the rafter 1 and the girder 2. The connector 3 has a rectangular flat plate-shaped substrate portion 31 and two left and right engaging portions 32 provided on the upper surface of the substrate portion 31. The engaging portion 32 is an inverted J-shape facing each other on the left and right, and the rafter 1 is just fitted between the left and right engaging portions 32, and the engaging portions 32 are respectively engaged in the left and right engaged portions 11 of the rafter 1. Slidably engages in the longitudinal direction of the rafters 1. Further, the substrate portion 31 is composed of a rafter fixing portion 33 at a portion between the left and right engaging portions 32 and a girder fixing portion 34 at an outer portion of the engaging portion 32, and the connector 3 is connected to the engaged portion 11 of the rafter 1. The rafter fixing portion 33 is in contact with the lower surface of the rafter 1 in a state where the engaging portion 32 of the above is engaged, and the girder fixing portion 34 extends to the side of the rafter 1. Then, the rafter fixing portion 33 is screwed and fixed to the rafter 1 from the lower side, and the girder fixing portion 34 is screwed and fixed to the girder 2 from the upper side, and the rafter 1 is fixed by the connecting tool 3. And the digit 2 are connected. A recess 35 is formed on the lower surface of the rafter fixing portion 33, and the head of the screw for fixing the rafter fixing portion 33 to the rafter 1 is fitted in the recess 35 so as not to interfere with the girder 2.

また、図２に示すように、妻垂木１ａの内側半分は垂木１と同形状であり、すなわち、内側面の下部に、長手方向に延びる略Ｇ字形の溝状の被係合部１１を形成してある。また、上面の左右方向中央には、長手方向に延びるネジ受溝１２を形成してある。さらに、上面の内側には、タイト材ホルダを設けてあって、タイト材１３を取り付けてある。 Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the inner half of the rafter 1a has the same shape as the rafter 1, that is, a substantially G-shaped groove-shaped engaged portion 11 extending in the longitudinal direction is formed in the lower part of the inner side surface. It is done. Further, a screw receiving groove 12 extending in the longitudinal direction is formed at the center of the upper surface in the left-right direction. Further, a tight material holder is provided inside the upper surface, and the tight material 13 is attached.

そして、妻垂木１ａと桁２の連結にも、図２に示すような連結具３ａを用いている。妻垂木１ａ用の連結具３ａは、垂木１用の連結具３の、一方の係合部３２から外側部分を切除した形状であり、矩形平板状の基板部３１と、基板部３１の上面に設けた１つの係合部３２を有していて、基板部３１の、係合部３２より外側部分が垂木固定部３３、内側部分が桁固定部３４となっている。妻垂木１ａの内側面の被係合部１１に係合部３２が妻垂木１ａの長手方向に摺動自在に係合し、係合した状態で、垂木固定部３３が妻垂木１ａの下面に当接しており、桁固定部３４が妻垂木１ａの側方に延出している。そして、垂木固定部３３を、下側から妻垂木１ａにネジ止めして固定してあり、桁固定部３４を、上側から桁２にネジ止めして固定してあって、連結具３ａにより妻垂木１ａと桁２が連結されている。なお、垂木固定部３３の下面には凹部３５を形成してあり、垂木固定部３３を妻垂木１ａに固定するネジの頭部が凹部３５に納まることで、桁２と干渉しないようにしてある。 A connecting tool 3a as shown in FIG. 2 is also used to connect the wife rafter 1a and the girder 2. The connecting tool 3a for the rafter 1a has a shape in which the outer portion of the connecting tool 3 for the rafter 1 is cut off from one engaging portion 32, and is formed on a rectangular flat plate-shaped substrate portion 31 and an upper surface of the substrate portion 31. It has one engaging portion 32 provided, and the outer portion of the substrate portion 31 from the engaging portion 32 is the rafter fixing portion 33, and the inner portion is the girder fixing portion 34. The engaging portion 32 is slidably engaged with the engaged portion 11 on the inner surface of the rafter 1a in the longitudinal direction of the rafter 1a, and in the engaged state, the rafter fixing portion 33 is attached to the lower surface of the rafter 1a. It is in contact with each other, and the girder fixing portion 34 extends to the side of the wife rafter 1a. Then, the rafter fixing portion 33 is screwed and fixed to the rafter 1a from the lower side, and the girder fixing portion 34 is screwed and fixed to the girder 2 from the upper side, and the wife is fixed by the connecting tool 3a. The rafters 1a and the girder 2 are connected. A recess 35 is formed on the lower surface of the rafter fixing portion 33, and the head of the screw for fixing the rafter fixing portion 33 to the wife rafter 1a fits in the recess 35 so as not to interfere with the girder 2. ..

前枠５ａと後枠５ｂは、それぞれ左右に並んだ垂木１及び妻垂木１ａの前端と後端に取り付けてある。前枠５ａは、上側に向けて開口する溝状の部分を有し、樋として機能するものである。また、後枠５ｂの後側面には、左右にわたって等間隔に複数のクッション材９を取り付けてある。クッション材９は、円錐台形状のものであって、中心軸に沿って貫通孔を形成してあり、貫通孔にネジを通して、後枠５ｂにネジ止めしてある。このクッション材９は、簡易構造物が風にあおられるなどして撓んだ際に、後枠５ｂが躯体Ｓと直接接触することを防ぐためのものである。 The front frame 5a and the rear frame 5b are attached to the front and rear ends of the rafters 1 and the rafters 1a arranged side by side, respectively. The front frame 5a has a groove-shaped portion that opens upward, and functions as a gutter. Further, a plurality of cushioning materials 9 are attached to the rear side surface of the rear frame 5b at equal intervals on the left and right sides. The cushion material 9 has a truncated cone shape and has a through hole formed along the central axis. A screw is passed through the through hole and screwed to the rear frame 5b. The cushion material 9 is for preventing the rear frame 5b from coming into direct contact with the skeleton S when the simple structure is bent by being blown by the wind.

中桟６は、左右に並んだ垂木１及び妻垂木１ａの間にそれぞれ渡し掛けるもので、垂木１及び妻垂木１ａの前後方向中央に設けてある。また、中桟６の上面にはタイト材を設けてある。なお、簡易構造物の出幅が大きい場合（垂木１及び妻垂木１ａが長い場合）には、前後に２本以上の中桟６を設けてもよい。 The middle rail 6 is passed between the rafters 1 and the rafters 1a arranged side by side, respectively, and is provided at the center of the rafters 1 and the rafters 1a in the front-rear direction. Further, a tight material is provided on the upper surface of the center rail 6. When the width of the simple structure is large (when the rafters 1 and the rafters 1a are long), two or more middle rails 6 may be provided in the front and rear.

パネル材７は、樹脂製の矩形薄肉平板からなり、左右に並んだ垂木１及び妻垂木１ａの間にそれぞれ設けてある。より詳しくは、図１、図２、図５及び図６に示すように（図４はパネル材７を透過して表してある）、パネル材７の左右の端部が、垂木１又は妻垂木１ａの上面のタイト材１３に載置してあり、パネル材７の前端部が前枠５ａに係止し、後端部が後枠５ｂに係止しており、さらに、パネル材７の前後方向中央部が中桟６のタイト材に支持されている。そして、垂木１及び妻垂木１ａの上側には、それぞれパネル押さえ具７１，７１ａを取り付けてある。垂木１に取り付けるパネル押さえ具７１は、垂木１と略等幅で、左右端部の下面にタイト材ホルダを設けてあって、それぞれタイト材７２を取り付けてある。そして、パネル押さえ具７１の左右のタイト材７２と、垂木１の左右のタイト材１３とで、それぞれパネル材７の端部を挟み込み、パネル押さえ具７１の左右方向中央部を垂木１のネジ受溝１２にネジ止めして、パネル材７を固定してある。一方、妻垂木１ａに取り付けるパネル押さえ具７１ａは、内側端部の下面にタイト材ホルダを設けてあって、タイト材７２を取り付けてある。そして、パネル押さえ具７１ａのタイト材７２と、妻垂木１ａのタイト材１３とで、パネル材７の端部を挟み込み、パネル押さえ具７１ａの外側端部を妻垂木１ａのネジ受溝１２にネジ止めして、パネル材７を固定してある。 The panel material 7 is made of a rectangular thin-walled flat plate made of resin, and is provided between the rafters 1 and the rafters 1a arranged side by side. More specifically, as shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 5 and 6 (FIG. 4 is shown through the panel material 7), the left and right ends of the panel material 7 are rafters 1 or rafters. It is placed on the tight material 13 on the upper surface of 1a, the front end portion of the panel material 7 is locked to the front frame 5a, the rear end portion is locked to the rear frame 5b, and further, the front and rear of the panel material 7. The central part in the direction is supported by the tight material of the center rail 6. Panel retainers 71 and 71a are attached to the upper sides of the rafters 1 and the rafters 1a, respectively. The panel retainer 71 attached to the rafter 1 has a width substantially equal to that of the rafter 1, and tight material holders are provided on the lower surfaces of the left and right ends, and the tight material 72 is attached to each. Then, the left and right tight members 72 of the panel retainer 71 and the left and right tight members 13 of the rafter 1 sandwich the end portions of the panel member 7, respectively, and the central portion of the panel retainer 71 in the left-right direction is screwed by the rafter 1. The panel material 7 is fixed by screwing it into the groove 12. On the other hand, in the panel retainer 71a attached to the wife rafter 1a, a tight material holder is provided on the lower surface of the inner end portion, and the tight material 72 is attached. Then, the end of the panel material 7 is sandwiched between the tight material 72 of the panel retainer 71a and the tight material 13 of the rafter 1a, and the outer end of the panel retainer 71a is screwed into the screw receiving groove 12 of the rafter 1a. It is stopped and the panel material 7 is fixed.

垂木カバー８は、垂木１及び妻垂木１ａの上側に取り付けるもので、図１及び図２に示すように、パネル押さえ具７１，７１ａを覆い隠している。垂木１と妻垂木１ａの垂木カバー８は同じ形状であって、下方に向けて開口する断面略コ字形の形材からなり、左右の下端部に内側に向けて突出する当接片８１を形成してある。また、上面には上側に向けて開口する断面略コ字形の溝部８２を形成してある。そして、垂木１においては、垂木カバー８の左右の当接片８１を、垂木１の上部に取り付けたパネル押さえ具７１の上面に当接させてあり、図１及び図５に示すように、Ｚ金具８３を介して垂木１にネジ止めしてある。ここで、垂木カバー８とＺ金具８３は、垂木カバー８の溝部８２の底面でネジ止めしてあり、溝部８２に目板８４を取り付けてネジを覆い隠してある。一方、妻垂木１ａにおいては、垂木カバー８の内側の当接片８１を妻垂木１ａの上部に取り付けたパネル押さえ具７１ａの上面に当接させ、外側の当接片８１を妻垂木１ａに当接させて、図２に示すように、垂木１の場合と同様にＺ金具８３を介して妻垂木１ａにネジ止めしてある。なお、垂木カバー８は、垂木１及び妻垂木１ａよりも前方に長く、前枠５ａよりも前側に突出しており、突出部分の下側には、垂木１と略同形状の化粧材８５を取り付けてあって、垂木１及び妻垂木１ａが前枠５ａを貫通して延びているように見える外観となっている。 The rafter cover 8 is attached to the upper side of the rafter 1 and the rafter 1a, and covers the panel holders 71 and 71a as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. The rafter 1 and the rafter cover 8 of the wife rafter 1a have the same shape and are made of a shape member having a substantially U-shaped cross section that opens downward, and a contact piece 81 that protrudes inward is formed at the lower ends of the left and right sides. It is done. Further, a groove portion 82 having a substantially U-shaped cross section that opens toward the upper side is formed on the upper surface. Then, in the rafter 1, the left and right contact pieces 81 of the rafter cover 8 are brought into contact with the upper surface of the panel retainer 71 attached to the upper part of the rafter 1, and as shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, Z It is screwed to the rafter 1 via the metal fitting 83. Here, the rafter cover 8 and the Z metal fitting 83 are screwed at the bottom surface of the groove 82 of the rafter cover 8, and the eye plate 84 is attached to the groove 82 to cover the screws. On the other hand, in the rafter 1a, the contact piece 81 inside the rafter cover 8 is brought into contact with the upper surface of the panel retainer 71a attached to the upper part of the rafter 1a, and the outer contact piece 81 hits the rafter 1a. As shown in FIG. 2, they are brought into contact with each other and screwed to the rafter 1a via the Z metal fitting 83 as in the case of the rafter 1. The rafter cover 8 is longer in the front than the rafters 1 and the wife rafters 1a and protrudes forward from the front frame 5a, and a decorative material 85 having substantially the same shape as the rafters 1 is attached to the lower side of the protruding portion. Therefore, the rafters 1 and the wife rafters 1a appear to extend through the front frame 5a.

次に、このように構成する簡易構造物の施工手順について説明する。なお、以下において、垂木１には妻垂木１ａを含み、連結具３には妻垂木１ａ用の連結具３ａを含む。まず、図７（ａ）に示すように、躯体Ｓの前側の各柱４の立設位置に、基礎穴Ｈを形成する。この際、躯体Ｓの基礎が布基礎である場合、地中の基礎が躯体Ｓ自体よりも前側に突出しており、基礎穴Ｈを形成する際の障害物Ｓ１となり得る。またそれ以外にも、埋設された種々の配管などが障害物となり得る。そこで、各基礎穴Ｈは、躯体Ｓから所定間隔でそれらの障害物を避けた位置に形成される。この実施形態では、柱４が９０ｍｍ角であって、後側の柱４は、中心が躯体Ｓの前側面から最低２２０ｍｍ離隔し、そこから簡易構造物の出幅に応じて３００ｍｍ〜５００ｍｍの範囲で前側に移動可能である。また、前側の柱４は、簡易構造物の出幅に応じて躯体Ｓの前側面からの最大距離が定まり、そこから簡易構造物の出幅に応じて３００ｍｍ〜５００ｍｍの範囲で後側に移動可能である。さらに、前後の柱４とも、左右方向に関して、内側に最大５００ｍｍ、外側に最大４７ｍｍの範囲で移動可能である。 Next, the construction procedure of the simple structure configured in this way will be described. In the following, the rafter 1 includes the wife rafter 1a, and the connector 3 includes the connector 3a for the wife rafter 1a. First, as shown in FIG. 7A, a foundation hole H is formed at an erection position of each pillar 4 on the front side of the skeleton S. At this time, when the foundation of the skeleton S is a cloth foundation, the foundation in the ground protrudes to the front side of the skeleton S itself, and can be an obstacle S1 when forming the foundation hole H. In addition to that, various buried pipes and the like can be obstacles. Therefore, each foundation hole H is formed at a position avoiding those obstacles at predetermined intervals from the skeleton S. In this embodiment, the pillar 4 is 90 mm square, and the center of the rear pillar 4 is at least 220 mm away from the front side surface of the skeleton S, and the range from 300 mm to 500 mm is provided depending on the protruding width of the simple structure. It is possible to move to the front side with. Further, the front pillar 4 has a maximum distance from the front side surface of the skeleton S determined according to the protruding width of the simple structure, and then moves to the rear side within a range of 300 mm to 500 mm according to the protruding width of the simple structure. It is possible. Further, both the front and rear pillars 4 can be moved in a range of a maximum of 500 mm inward and a maximum of 47 mm outward in the left-right direction.

続いて、２本の柱４に桁２を横架して門形に組み、これを２組作って、図７（ｂ）に示すように、それぞれ柱４を前側と後側の左右の基礎穴Ｈに立て、基礎穴Ｈにコンクリート又はモルタルを流し込んで固定する。ただし、垂木１の傾斜に合わせて、前側の柱４よりも後側の柱４の方が高くなっている。 Subsequently, the girder 2 is laid horizontally on the two pillars 4 and assembled in a gate shape, and two sets are made, and as shown in FIG. 7 (b), the pillars 4 are used as the front and rear left and right foundations, respectively. Stand in the hole H and pour concrete or mortar into the foundation hole H to fix it. However, the pillar 4 on the rear side is higher than the pillar 4 on the front side in accordance with the inclination of the rafter 1.

続いて、図７（ｃ）に示すように、前後の桁２に垂木１を載置して固定する。垂木１と桁２の連結には、上記のとおり連結具３を用いる。ここで、垂木１は所定の位置に取り付けるものであって、この実施形態では、垂木１の後端に取り付ける後枠５ｂと、躯体Ｓの間の間隔が、７０ｍｍとなる位置とする。この際、上記のように、柱４の前後位置は地中の障害物によって移動するので、垂木１に対する桁２の取付位置はその都度変化するものであり、柱４の前後位置が確定することで、垂木１に対する桁２の取付位置が定まる。よって、垂木１の固定に際しては、まず、地上において、連結具３の係合部３２を垂木１の被係合部１１に係合させ、連結具３を垂木１の端部から上記のように定まった桁２の取付位置まで摺動させて、連結具３の垂木固定部３３を下側から垂木１にネジ止めする。こうして各垂木１に前後２つずつ連結具３を取り付ける。次に、垂木１を持ち上げて、屋根の設置位置である高所において、前後の桁２の上に載置する。既に連結具３の位置合わせをしてあり、前後の連結具３の位置がそれぞれ前後の桁２と一致するので、連結具３の桁固定部３４を上側から桁２にネジ止めする。 Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 7C, the rafters 1 are placed and fixed on the front and rear girders 2. As described above, the connecting tool 3 is used to connect the rafter 1 and the girder 2. Here, the rafter 1 is attached at a predetermined position, and in this embodiment, the distance between the rear frame 5b attached to the rear end of the rafter 1 and the skeleton S is 70 mm. At this time, as described above, since the front-rear position of the pillar 4 is moved by an obstacle in the ground, the attachment position of the girder 2 with respect to the rafter 1 changes each time, and the front-rear position of the pillar 4 is fixed. Then, the mounting position of the girder 2 with respect to the rafter 1 is determined. Therefore, when fixing the rafter 1, first, on the ground, the engaging portion 32 of the connecting tool 3 is engaged with the engaged portion 11 of the rafter 1, and the connecting tool 3 is engaged from the end portion of the rafter 1 as described above. The rafter fixing portion 33 of the connecting tool 3 is screwed to the rafter 1 from the lower side by sliding it to the fixed mounting position of the girder 2. In this way, two connecting tools 3 are attached to each rafter 1. Next, the rafter 1 is lifted and placed on the front and rear girders 2 at a high place where the roof is installed. Since the positions of the connecting tools 3 have already been aligned and the positions of the front and rear connecting tools 3 coincide with the front and rear girders 2, the girder fixing portion 34 of the connecting tools 3 is screwed to the girder 2 from the upper side.

その後、垂木１の前後端にそれぞれ前枠５ａと後枠５ｂを取り付けるとともに、前後方向中間部に中桟６を取り付ける。なお、後枠５ｂには、予めクッション材９を取り付ける。続いて、垂木１の間にパネル材７を取り付けてパネル押さえ具７１で固定し、さらに垂木１に垂木カバー８を取り付けて、簡易構造物が完成する。 After that, the front frame 5a and the rear frame 5b are attached to the front and rear ends of the rafter 1, and the middle rail 6 is attached to the middle portion in the front-rear direction. A cushion material 9 is attached to the rear frame 5b in advance. Subsequently, the panel material 7 is attached between the rafters 1 and fixed by the panel retainer 71, and the rafter cover 8 is further attached to the rafters 1 to complete the simple structure.

このように構成した本発明の簡易構造物によれば、垂木１と桁２を連結する際に、予め連結具３を垂木１に固定できるので、作業者は、連結具３を取り付けた垂木１とネジのみを持って高所に上がり、連結具３を桁２にネジ止めすればよく、施工性が良好である。連結具３は予め垂木１の所定の位置に付いており、これだけで垂木１を所定の位置に取り付けられるので、高所で垂木１の位置合わせを行う必要がない。また、連結具３を垂木１に固定する際、連結具３が垂木１に対して摺動自在なので、柱４の取付位置に応じた位置合わせが容易である。 According to the simple structure of the present invention configured in this way, when connecting the rafter 1 and the girder 2, the connecting tool 3 can be fixed to the rafter 1 in advance, so that the operator can fix the rafter 1 to which the connecting tool 3 is attached. It suffices to go up to a high place with only the screw and the fitting 3 and screw it to the girder 2, and the workability is good. Since the connecting tool 3 is attached to the rafter 1 at a predetermined position in advance and the rafter 1 can be attached to the predetermined position only by this, it is not necessary to align the rafter 1 at a high place. Further, when the connecting tool 3 is fixed to the rafter 1, since the connecting tool 3 is slidable with respect to the rafter 1, it is easy to align the connecting tool 3 according to the mounting position of the pillar 4.

本発明は、上記の実施形態に限定されない。たとえば、連結具の形状は、垂木に摺動自在かつ予め固定可能で、さらに桁にも固定可能なものであれば、どのようなものであってもよい。また、この簡易構造物は、前側のみに柱を有し、屋根の後端部を躯体の壁に接合するものであってもよいし、躯体に近接せず独立して設置するものであってもよい。 The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. For example, the shape of the connector may be any shape as long as it is slidable to the rafters, can be fixed in advance, and can be fixed to the girder. Further, this simple structure may have columns only on the front side and the rear end of the roof may be joined to the wall of the skeleton, or it may be installed independently without being close to the skeleton. May be good.

１垂木
２桁
３連結具
１１被係合部
３１基板部
３２係合部
３３垂木固定部
３４桁固定部 1 rafter 2 girder 3 connector 11 engaged part 31 board part 32 engaging part 33 rafter fixing part 34 girder fixing part

Claims

A rafter, a girder, and a connecting tool, the connecting tool has a substrate portion and an engaging portion provided on the upper surface of the substrate portion, and the rafter fixing portion in which the substrate portion abuts on the lower surface of the rafter. It consists of a girder fixing part that extends to the side of the rafter, the rafter has an engaged part on the side surface, and the engaging part of the connector slides in the longitudinal direction of the rafter with respect to the engaged part. freely engaged, Yes connector is slid to the mounted position of the digits, and characterized in that the rafter fixing unit Yes fixed from below to the rafters, is fixed to the digit digit fixing portion from the upper side Simple structure to do.