JP2018113870A - Insect attracting lamp, insect trapping method, and insect trap - Google Patents
Insect attracting lamp, insect trapping method, and insect trap Download PDFInfo
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- 230000000749 insecticidal effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
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- 230000027227 positive phototaxis Effects 0.000 description 2
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、誘虫ランプ、捕虫方法及び捕虫器に関するものであり、より詳細には、例えば、食品工場、医薬品工場、容器包材工場等のように、昆虫の侵入を極力阻止する必要のある工場や施設に設置される捕虫器に用いるのに好適で、人に対する生理的及び心理的障害が少なく、且つ、コスト的に有利な誘虫ランプと、それを用いた捕虫器及び捕虫方法に関するものである。 The present invention relates to an insect lamp, a trapping method, and a trapping device, and more specifically, a factory that needs to prevent insects from entering as much as possible, such as a food factory, a pharmaceutical factory, a container packaging factory, and the like. The present invention relates to an insect lamp that is suitable for use in an insect trap set installed in a facility or facility, has few physiological and psychological obstacles to humans, and is advantageous in cost, and an trap device and an insect trap method using the same. .
上記用途の捕虫器には、主に直管型の誘虫ランプが利用される。従来一般に用いられている誘虫ランプとしては、蛍光灯とＬＥＤが知られており、その波長帯は３００〜４００ｎｍの紫外域、即ち紫外線を強調したものか、あるいは、その紫外域に限定されている。これは、この波長帯が昆虫の正の走光性に強く寄与しており、広い分類群の昆虫の強い誘引反応を引き起こすとの知見に基づくものである。しかし、低コストで紫外域の波長帯の光を作り出すことは技術的に難易度が高く、捕虫用途に必要な光強度を有する光源を低コストで実現することは難しい。 For the insect trap for the above-mentioned use, a straight tube type insect lamp is mainly used. Fluorescent lamps and LEDs are known as the insect-repellent lamps that are generally used in the past, and the wavelength band is 300 to 400 nm in the ultraviolet range, that is, the ultraviolet ray is emphasized or limited to the ultraviolet range. . This is based on the knowledge that this wavelength band strongly contributes to the positive phototaxis of insects and causes a strong attracting reaction of insects of a broad taxon. However, it is technically difficult to produce light in the ultraviolet wavelength band at low cost, and it is difficult to realize a light source having the light intensity necessary for insect trapping at low cost.
また、既存の誘虫ランプの場合は、紫外域から青色域までの光を多く発光するため、人によっては紫外線により生理的影響や心理的影響を受けたり、その存在が人に認識されることで昆虫が近くに集まっていることを意識することに起因して、心理的障害が引き起こされたりするといった問題があった。 In addition, in the case of an existing insect lamp, since much light from the ultraviolet region to the blue region is emitted, depending on the human being, it may be affected physiologically or psychologically by the ultraviolet light, or its presence may be recognized by humans. There was a problem that a psychological disorder was caused by being aware that insects gathered nearby.
上述したように、従来の捕虫器に用いられる誘虫ランプの場合には、低コストで紫外域の波長帯の光を作り出すことは技術的に難易度が高く、捕虫用途に必要な光強度を有する光源を低コストで実現することは難しいという問題がある。また、紫外線の光強度が大きいために人が生理的影響を受ける場合があった。更に、紫外域から青色域までの光を発するために人に認識されやすく、捕虫器の存在が認識されやすいので、紫外線に暴露されている、あるいは、昆虫が近くに集まっているとの意識が生じて心理的障害が引き起こされるという問題があった。 As described above, in the case of an attracting lamp used in a conventional insect trap, it is technically difficult to produce light in the ultraviolet wavelength band at a low cost, and has light intensity necessary for insect trapping applications. There is a problem that it is difficult to realize a light source at low cost. Moreover, since the light intensity of ultraviolet rays is large, humans may be affected physiologically. Furthermore, since it emits light from the ultraviolet region to the blue region, it is easy for humans to recognize and the presence of insect traps is easy to recognize, so there is awareness that it is exposed to ultraviolet rays or insects are gathering nearby. There was a problem that caused psychological disorder.
本発明はこれらの問題を解決するためになされたもので、従来の捕虫効果を維持しながらも、光強度を大きくすることなくコストをかけないままに、紫外線による生理的及び心理的影響や、昆虫が存在することの意識に起因する心理的障害の発生のおそれがない誘虫ランプ、捕虫器及び捕虫方法を提供することを課題とする。 The present invention was made to solve these problems, while maintaining the conventional insect trapping effect, without increasing the light intensity and without cost, physiological and psychological effects due to ultraviolet rays, It is an object of the present invention to provide an attracting lamp, an insect trap, and an insect trapping method that do not cause a psychological disorder due to awareness of the presence of insects.
上記課題を解決するための請求項１に記載の発明は、紫外光と緑色光の両方の光を発することを特徴とする誘虫ランプであり、請求項２に記載の発明は、紫外光の光源と緑色光の光源とを有することを特徴とする誘虫ランプである。これらの発明によれば、紫外光の光源と緑色光の光源と有することで、高額な紫外ＬＥＤチップを減らしてコストダウンを図ることができる。 The invention described in claim 1 for solving the above problem is an insect lamp that emits both ultraviolet light and green light, and the invention described in claim 2 is a light source of ultraviolet light. And a green light source. According to these inventions, by having an ultraviolet light source and a green light source, it is possible to reduce the cost by reducing expensive ultraviolet LED chips.
一実施形態においては、前記紫外光のピーク波長が３２０〜４００ｎｍの範囲であり、前記緑色光のピーク波長が５００〜６００ｎｍの範囲であることを特徴とする。この実施形態によれば、前記紫外光のピーク波長が３２０〜４００ｎｍの範囲であり、前記緑色光のピーク波長は５００〜６００ｎｍの範囲であることで、市販のＬＥＤを入手して容易に本発明の誘虫ランプを提供することができる。 In one embodiment, the peak wavelength of the ultraviolet light is in the range of 320 to 400 nm, and the peak wavelength of the green light is in the range of 500 to 600 nm. According to this embodiment, the peak wavelength of the ultraviolet light is in the range of 320 to 400 nm, and the peak wavelength of the green light is in the range of 500 to 600 nm. Insect lamps can be provided.
一実施形態においては、昆虫の可視域である３００〜７００ｎｍにおいて、紫外光の全フォトン数と緑色光の全フォトン数の総和に対する緑色光の全フォトン数の比である緑色光の含有率は、６２．６％以下の範囲であることを特徴とし、好ましくは、緑色光の含有率は５５〜２０％の範囲であり、より好ましくは、５０〜２０％の範囲である。この実施形態によれば、緑色光の含有率が６２．６％以下であることにより、少なくとも５０％以上の誘引率を確保しつつ、従来のような紫外光のみを用いた誘虫ランプより低コストの誘虫ランプを提供することが可能となり、緑色光の含有率が５５〜２０％の範囲であることで、効果的に昆虫をランプの方へ誘引することができ、更に５０〜２０％の範囲の場合は、一層効果的に昆虫をランプの方へ誘引することができる。 In one embodiment, in the insect visible range of 300 to 700 nm, the content of green light, which is the ratio of the total number of photons of green light to the total number of photons of ultraviolet light and green light, is It is characterized by being in the range of 62.6% or less, preferably the green light content is in the range of 55-20%, more preferably in the range of 50-20%. According to this embodiment, since the green light content is 62.6% or less, the cost is lower than that of a conventional attracting lamp using only ultraviolet light while ensuring an attraction rate of at least 50%. Insect lamps can be provided, and when the green light content is in the range of 55-20%, insects can be effectively attracted to the lamp, and in the range of 50-20%. In this case, insects can be attracted more effectively toward the lamp.
一実施形態における誘虫ランプは、ケーシング内に少なくとも一つの紫外ＬＥＤチップと少なくとも一つの緑ＬＥＤチップとを所定の間隔で配置したＬＥＤモジュールを配装して成ることを特徴とする。その場合のＬＥＤモジュールは、ケーシング内に複数の紫外ＬＥＤチップと複数の緑ＬＥＤチップとを直線軸上に適宜間隔置きに配置したものとすることができる。この実施形態によれば、市販の紫外ＬＥＤチップと緑ＬＥＤチップとを入手して容易に誘虫ランプを提供することができ、また、複数の紫外ＬＥＤチップと複数の緑ＬＥＤチップとを適宜間隔置きに配設したＬＥＤモジュールを内装していることで、均一発光の誘虫ランプを提供することができる。 The insect lamp in one embodiment is characterized in that an LED module in which at least one ultraviolet LED chip and at least one green LED chip are arranged at a predetermined interval in a casing is arranged. In this case, the LED module may include a plurality of ultraviolet LED chips and a plurality of green LED chips arranged on the linear axis at appropriate intervals in a casing. According to this embodiment, a commercially available ultraviolet LED chip and a green LED chip can be obtained and an attracting lamp can be easily provided, and a plurality of ultraviolet LED chips and a plurality of green LED chips are appropriately spaced. By installing the LED module disposed in the interior, it is possible to provide an insect lamp with uniform light emission.
また、一実施形態においては、前記ＬＥＤモジュールにおける複数の前記紫外ＬＥＤチップ同士は所定の同一間隔で直線軸上に配置され、複数の前記緑ＬＥＤチップ同士は所定の同一間隔で前記直線軸上に配置され、複数の前記紫外ＬＥＤチップと複数の前記緑ＬＥＤチップの中の少なくとも一つが他の色のＬＥＤチップ同士の間に配置される。この実施形態によれば、各々の波長のＬＥＤからの光をその波長毎に均一化した直線状の光源を実現することができる。また、それらの波長の均一光源をオーバーラップさせることになるので、混色された均一の直線状光源を提供することができる。 In one embodiment, the plurality of ultraviolet LED chips in the LED module are arranged on a linear axis at a predetermined interval, and the plurality of green LED chips are arranged on the linear axis at a predetermined interval. And at least one of the plurality of ultraviolet LED chips and the plurality of green LED chips is disposed between LED chips of other colors. According to this embodiment, it is possible to realize a linear light source in which light from LEDs of respective wavelengths is made uniform for each wavelength. Moreover, since uniform light sources of those wavelengths are overlapped, a uniform linear light source with mixed colors can be provided.
一実施形態においては、前記ＬＥＤモジュールは、紫外ＬＥＤチップ６個と緑ＬＥＤチップ１５個を配設したものであるか、または、紫外ＬＥＤチップ４個と緑ＬＥＤチップ９個を配設したものとされる。この実施形態によれば、前記ＬＥＤモジュールとして、紫外ＬＥＤチップ６個と緑ＬＥＤチップ１５個を配設し、あるいは、紫外ＬＥＤチップ４個と緑ＬＥＤチップ９個を配設したものを用いることで、緑色光の含有率を略５０％にした誘虫ランプを提供することが可能となる。 In one embodiment, the LED module includes six ultraviolet LED chips and 15 green LED chips, or four ultraviolet LED chips and nine green LED chips. Is done. According to this embodiment, as the LED module, six ultraviolet LED chips and 15 green LED chips, or four ultraviolet LED chips and nine green LED chips are used. In addition, it is possible to provide an attracting lamp having a green light content of approximately 50%.
一実施形態においては、請求項８乃至１０のいずれか一項に記載のＬＥＤモジュールが、前記直線軸の垂直方向に、各々の前記ＬＥＤモジュールの前記直線軸が同一間隔になるように複数並列配置される。この実施形態によれば、上記の直線状のＬＥＤモジュールを、その直線軸の垂直方向に、各々の前記ＬＥＤモジュールの前記直線軸が同一間隔になるように複数並列されることで、二次元状に均一に発光する誘虫ランプを提供することができる。 In one embodiment, a plurality of LED modules according to any one of claims 8 to 10 are arranged in parallel so that the linear axes of the LED modules are at the same interval in a direction perpendicular to the linear axes. Is done. According to this embodiment, a plurality of the linear LED modules described above are arranged in parallel in a direction perpendicular to the linear axis so that the linear axes of the LED modules are at the same interval. Insect lamps that emit light uniformly can be provided.
一実施形態においては、紫外ＬＥＤチップと緑ＬＥＤチップとの関係において隣接する距離の最大値は５．２ｃｍ以内とされる。この実施形態によれば、紫外ＬＥＤチップと緑ＬＥＤチップとの関係において隣接する距離の最大値を５．２ｃｍ以内に設定することで、昆虫が各色のＬＥＤチップを弁別しないようにできるので、拡散板を使用せずに混色でき、拡散板における光の吸収損や反射損などを発生させないで有効に用いることができる誘虫ランプを提供することができる。 In one embodiment, the maximum value of the adjacent distance in the relationship between the ultraviolet LED chip and the green LED chip is within 5.2 cm. According to this embodiment, since the maximum value of the adjacent distance in the relationship between the ultraviolet LED chip and the green LED chip is set within 5.2 cm, it is possible to prevent the insects from distinguishing the LED chips of each color. Insect lamps that can be mixed without using a plate and can be used effectively without causing light absorption loss or reflection loss in the diffusion plate can be provided.
上記課題を解決するための請求項１３に記載の発明は、請求項１乃至１２のいずれか一項に記載の誘虫ランプを搭載したことを特徴とする捕虫器である。この発明によれば、上記誘虫ランプを搭載することで、誘虫効果に優れた捕虫器を提供することができる。 A thirteenth aspect of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is an insect trap equipped with the attracting lamp according to any one of the first to twelfth aspects. According to this invention, the insect trap excellent in the insect attracting effect can be provided by mounting the insect attracting lamp.
また、上記課題を解決するための請求項１４に記載の発明は、請求項１乃至１２のいずれか一項に記載の誘虫ランプを用い、粘着シートにより虫を捕獲することを特徴とする捕虫方法である。この発明によれば、上記誘虫ランプを用い、粘着シートにより虫を捕獲することで、誘虫効果に優れた捕虫方法を提供することができる。 Further, the invention according to claim 14 for solving the above-mentioned problem is a method for capturing insects, characterized in that the insect attracting lamp according to any one of claims 1 to 12 is used to capture insects with an adhesive sheet. It is. According to the present invention, an insect trapping method having an excellent insect attracting effect can be provided by capturing insects with an adhesive sheet using the insect trap lamp.
本発明は上記のとおりであって、本発明に係る誘虫ランプ、捕虫器及び捕虫方法によれば、光強度を上げることなく、捕虫効果を確保しながら、高額な紫外ＬＥＤチップを減らしてコストダウンを図ることができると共に、それらの光源があることの生理的影響を低下させ得る効果と心理的影響を取り除く効果があり、また、緑色光の増加に伴って人の目に見える青色光が覆い隠されることで、捕虫器があることの心理的障害を取り除くことができるという効果がある。 The present invention is as described above, and according to the attracting lamp, the trap and the trapping method according to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the cost by reducing expensive ultraviolet LED chips while ensuring the trapping effect without increasing the light intensity. In addition to being able to reduce the physiological effects and psychological effects of having these light sources, the blue light visible to the human eye is covered as the green light increases. By being concealed, there is an effect that it is possible to remove the psychological obstacle of having an insect trap.
本発明を実施するための形態につき、添付図面を参照しつつ説明する。図９は、本発明に係る誘虫ランプを搭載した捕虫器の一構成例を示すものである。その捕虫器は、虫が進入し得る大きさの開口を有していて、内部に捕虫シート２２を定着する内面を備えたケース２１と、ケース２１内に具備される誘虫ランプ２３とから成る。誘虫ランプ２３は、後述するように、紫外光と緑色光とを発する機能を有する。捕虫シート２２は粘着性を有する捕虫手段である。 DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 9 shows an example of the configuration of an insect trap equipped with the insect attracting lamp according to the present invention. The insect trap has an opening of a size that allows insects to enter, and includes a case 21 having an inner surface for fixing the insect trapping sheet 22 therein, and an attracting lamp 23 provided in the case 21. As will be described later, the insect attracting lamp 23 has a function of emitting ultraviolet light and green light. The insect catching sheet 22 is an insect catching means having adhesiveness.
捕獲対象である昆虫は本発明に係る捕虫器に接近した際に、誘虫ランプ２３の誘虫機能により誘われて誘虫ランプ２３に接近し、捕虫シート２２に粘着してしまうことで捕獲される。 When the insect to be captured approaches the insect trap according to the present invention, the insect is attracted by the attracting function of the attracting lamp 23, approaches the attracting lamp 23, and is caught by sticking to the capturing sheet 22.
本発明に係る誘虫ランプ２３は、紫外と緑の両方の光を発する誘虫ランプである。言い換えると、紫外と緑の両方の色を混色して発色することを特徴とする誘虫ランプである。その場合、紫外光を一つの光源が発し、緑色光を他の光源が発する構成を採用することができ、また、一つの光源が紫外光と緑色光を発する構成を採用することもできる。 The insect lamp 23 according to the present invention is an insect lamp that emits both ultraviolet and green light. In other words, the insect lamp is characterized in that both ultraviolet and green colors are mixed and colored. In that case, a configuration in which one light source emits ultraviolet light and another light source emits green light can be employed, and a configuration in which one light source emits ultraviolet light and green light can also be employed.
この誘虫ランプは、例えば、直管型ケーシング１内に 少なくとも一つの紫外ＬＥＤチップと少なくとも一つの緑ＬＥＤチップとが適宜間隔置きに配設されて構成される。また、直管型ケーシング１内に複数の紫外ＬＥＤチップ２と複数の緑ＬＥＤチップ３とを適宜間隔置きに配置したＬＥＤモジュール４を内装することによって構成することもできる（図１参照）。その場合、複数の紫外ＬＥＤチップ２同士は所定の同一間隔で直線軸上に配置され、複数の緑ＬＥＤチップ３同士は所定の同一間隔で前記直線軸に配置され、複数の紫外ＬＥＤチップ２と複数の緑ＬＥＤチップ３の中の少なくとも一つが他の色のＬＥＤチップ同士の間に配置される。 The insect lamp is configured, for example, by arranging at least one ultraviolet LED chip and at least one green LED chip in a straight tube type casing 1 at appropriate intervals. Moreover, it can also comprise by installing LED module 4 which has arrange | positioned the several ultraviolet LED chip 2 and the several green LED chip 3 in the straight tube | pipe type casing 1 at appropriate intervals (refer FIG. 1). In that case, the plurality of ultraviolet LED chips 2 are arranged on the linear axis at a predetermined same interval, and the plurality of green LED chips 3 are arranged on the linear axis at a predetermined same interval, At least one of the plurality of green LED chips 3 is disposed between the LED chips of other colors.
具体的には、ＬＥＤモジュール４は、例えば、紫外チップ２が６個、緑ＬＥＤチップ３が１５個（図２（Ａ））、あるいは、紫外ＬＥＤチップ２が４個、緑ＬＥＤチップ３が９個（図２（Ｂ））、それぞれケーシング１の全体に亘るように規則的に配置されたものである。このような構成とすることにより、均一発光が可能となる。紫外のＬＥＤチップ２の個数と緑ＬＥＤチップ３の個数は、紫外のＬＥＤチップ２と緑ＬＥＤチップ３の市販品の光強度を制御した上で、「紫外光の全フォトン数と緑色光の全フォトン数の総和に対する緑色光の全フォトン数の比」を緑色光の含有率と定義した場合に、緑色光の含有率を略５０％にできるような個数にしたものである。 Specifically, the LED module 4 includes, for example, 6 ultraviolet chips 2 and 15 green LED chips 3 (FIG. 2A), or 4 ultraviolet LED chips 2 and 9 green LED chips 3. Each piece (FIG. 2 (B)) is arranged regularly over the entire casing 1. With such a configuration, uniform light emission is possible. The number of ultraviolet LED chips 2 and the number of green LED chips 3 are determined by controlling the light intensity of commercially available ultraviolet LED chips 2 and green LED chips 3, and then "total number of photons of ultraviolet light and total number of green light" When the ratio of the total number of photons of green light to the total number of photons is defined as the green light content, the green light content can be reduced to about 50%.
ＬＥＤチップを均一発光になるように二次元的に配置してもよい。図３は、上記のようにＬＥＤチップを直線軸上に配置してなるＬＥＤモジュール４が、前記直線軸の垂直方向に、各々の前記誘虫ランプの前記直線軸が同一間隔になるように複数並列されて成る誘虫ランプである。このように均一発光の直線状の誘虫ランプを並列させることで、光の均一性を確保しながら二次元状の光源とすることができ、限られた面積の中で光を集中させた誘虫ランプを実現することができる。 You may arrange | position a LED chip two-dimensionally so that it may become uniform light emission. FIG. 3 shows a plurality of LED modules 4 in which LED chips 4 are arranged on a linear axis as described above so that the linear axes of the insect attracting lamps are arranged at the same interval in a direction perpendicular to the linear axis. It is an insect lamp. In this way, by arranging the linear luminescent lamps of uniform light emission in parallel, it is possible to make a two-dimensional light source while ensuring the uniformity of the light, and the luminescent lamp that concentrates the light in a limited area Can be realized.
なお、ケーシングに拡散板を用いない場合には、昆虫が誘虫ランプを見た際に、各色のＬＥＤチップを弁別して混色による誘虫効果を生じない場合も想定される。そのため、各色のＬＥＤチップを昆虫が弁別できない間隔に設定することが望ましい。 In the case where a diffusion plate is not used for the casing, it may be assumed that when the insect looks at the insect lamp, the LED chips of the respective colors are discriminated and the insect attracting effect due to the color mixture is not generated. Therefore, it is desirable to set the LED chip of each color at an interval at which insects cannot be distinguished.
この点を考察すると、捕虫器の対象となる害虫の眼の空間分解能を規定する受容角と個眼間角度は最も小さくとも１度であることが知られている（Ｌａｎｄ １９９７； Ｌａｎｄ ＆ Ｎｉｌｓｓｏｎ ２００２）。昆虫が光に誘引される距離を測定した研究のうち、最短の結果は３メートル程度である（Ｂａｋｅｒ ａｎｄ Ｓａｄｏｖｙ １９７８）。これらの研究結果を前提にして計算すると、３ｍ先の５．２ｃｍ離れた２つの点光源を、最も空間分解能の高い昆虫の眼でも弁別できないことが示唆される。従って、異なる色である紫外と緑ＬＥＤチップの間隔は５．２ｃｍ以内に配置することが、拡散板を使用せずに混色するためには必要であると言える。 In consideration of this point, it is known that the acceptance angle and the interocular angle that define the spatial resolution of the pest eye of the insect trap are at least 1 degree (Land 1997; Land & Nilsson 2002). ). Of the studies that measured the distance at which insects are attracted by light, the shortest result is about 3 meters (Baker and Sadovy 1978). Calculations based on these research results suggest that two point light sources separated by 5.2 cm, 3 m ahead, cannot be discriminated even by insect eyes with the highest spatial resolution. Therefore, it can be said that it is necessary to arrange the distance between the different colors of ultraviolet and green LED chips within 5.2 cm in order to mix colors without using a diffusion plate.
一方、ケーシングに拡散板を入れて拡散機能を付与することとすれば、拡散板の吸収損や反射損によって利用できる紫外光の光強度がやや減じられて誘虫効果に影響を及ぼすが、拡散によって人間の目に与えるグレア効果を減じ、人間への生理的及び心理的影響を低減することができる。従って、拡散板の採用の有無は、人間への影響の除去や誘虫効果の具合を比較して決定すればよい。 On the other hand, if a diffusion plate is added to the casing to provide a diffusion function, the light intensity of ultraviolet light that can be used due to absorption loss or reflection loss of the diffusion plate is slightly reduced, which affects the insect attracting effect. The glare effect on the human eye can be reduced, and the physiological and psychological effects on the human can be reduced. Therefore, whether or not the diffusion plate is used may be determined by removing the influence on human beings and comparing the degree of the insect attracting effect.
ケーシング１内には点灯回路５とノイズフィルター６が配備され、両端がキャップ７で封止される。 A lighting circuit 5 and a noise filter 6 are provided in the casing 1, and both ends are sealed with caps 7.
ところで、好ましい実施形態においては、紫外光はピーク波長が３２０〜４００ｎｍの範囲とされ、緑色光はピーク波長が５００〜６００ｎｍの範囲とされる。このような誘虫ランプの構成を導き出すために本発明者らは、以下のとおりの実験を行った。 Incidentally, in a preferred embodiment, the ultraviolet light has a peak wavelength in the range of 320 to 400 nm, and the green light has a peak wavelength in the range of 500 to 600 nm. In order to derive such a configuration of the insect attracting lamp, the present inventors conducted the following experiment.
その実験は、昆虫の正の走光性による誘引反応、即ち、誘引効果を低下させることなく、紫外光の含有率を低下させることが可能な、混色のための最適な波長帯とその含有比率を明らかにすることを目的とするものである。その実験においては、紫外３７５ｎｍの波長帯の光を発する単色ＬＥＤ光源を１．０×ｌ０１３ｐｈｏｔｏｎｓ／ｃｍ２／ｓｅｃの光強度で発光させたものを既存の誘虫ランプのモデルと想定し、この光源に対する様々な混色光源の誘引効果を確認した。 The experiment shows an attracting reaction due to the positive phototaxis of insects, i.e., the optimum wavelength band and its content ratio for color mixing that can reduce the content of ultraviolet light without reducing the attracting effect. It is intended to clarify. In the experiment, it is assumed that a monochromatic LED light source emitting light in the ultraviolet wavelength band of 375 nm is emitted with a light intensity of 1.0 × 10 13 photons / cm 2 / sec as a model of an existing insect lamp. The effect of attracting various mixed color light sources to the light source was confirmed.
＜ＬＥＤパネル光源を使用した２灯選択実験＞
この実験は、対照光源１１となるＬＥＤパネル光源と実験光源１２であるＬＥＤパネル光源とを用意し、これらを暗室内に、パネル間の角度を６０度にして配置し、その間に昆虫の飛翔台１３を置き、そこから昆虫を飛翔させることにより行った（図４参照）。この実験において飛翔させた昆虫は、農業害虫であり、時折大発生してはコンビニエンスストアなどに誘引されて問題になるチャバネアオカメムシである。
<2 light selection experiment using LED panel light source>
In this experiment, an LED panel light source serving as a control light source 11 and an LED panel light source serving as an experimental light source 12 were prepared, and these were placed in a dark room with an angle between the panels of 60 degrees, and an insect flying platform between them. This was done by placing 13 and flying insects from there (see FIG. 4). Insects flying in this experiment are pests of agriculture, which are occasionally caused by a convenience store or the like, which are occasionally attracted by convenience stores.
より具体的には、ＬＥＤパネル光源として、６０×６０ｃｍの黒色板材の中央部に３０×３０ｃｍの正方形の窓を設け、その窓からＬＥＤ光を発するようにした。既存の誘虫ランプのモデルとしての対照光源１１は、常に紫外３７５ｎｍの波長帯の光を光強度１．０×ｌ０１３ｐｈｏｔｏｎｓ／ｃｍ２／ｓｅｃ で発光させた。一方、その横に配置した実験光源１２は、様々な波長と光強度で発光させた。そして、そのすべての条件において、対照光源１１と実験光源１２との中間部から、チャバネアオカメムシ４０個体を飛翔させて、対照光源１１と実験光源１２のどちらの光源にどのくらいの割合で誘引されるかを調べた。 More specifically, as a LED panel light source, a 30 × 30 cm square window was provided in the center of a black plate material of 60 × 60 cm, and LED light was emitted from the window. The control light source 11 as a model of an existing insect attracting lamp always emitted light in the wavelength band of ultraviolet 375 nm with a light intensity of 1.0 × 10 13 photons / cm 2 / sec. On the other hand, the experimental light source 12 arranged on the side emitted light with various wavelengths and light intensities. Under all of these conditions, 40 individual chafers are flying from an intermediate portion between the control light source 11 and the experimental light source 12 and are attracted to either the control light source 11 or the experimental light source 12 at what rate. I investigated.
＜実験１：光強度に対する反応＞
紫外３７５ｎｍの対照光源１１と緑５２５ｎｍの実験光源１２の選択では、光強度が半分（０．５×１０１３）になっても紫外単色の対照光源１１を強く選択した（図５（Ｃ）、（Ｄ）参照）。対照光源１１と紫外３７５ｎｍ単色光源を同じ光強度で選択させた場合は、その誘引率はランダムとなり、それぞれおよそ５０％となった（図５（Ａ）参照）。そして、紫外３７５ｎｍ単色光源の光強度を１／２（０．５×１０１３）にした場合は、１／１の条件と比べて誘引率は大きく変わらず（図５（Ｂ）参照）、有意差はなかった。
<Experiment 1: Response to light intensity>
In the selection of the ultraviolet 375 nm control light source 11 and the green 525 nm experimental light source 12, the ultraviolet monochromatic control light source 11 was strongly selected even when the light intensity was halved (0.5 × 10 13 ) (FIG. 5C). (See (D)). When the control light source 11 and the ultraviolet 375 nm monochromatic light source were selected with the same light intensity, the attraction rate was random, approximately 50% (see FIG. 5A). When the light intensity of the ultraviolet 375 nm monochromatic light source is ½ (0.5 × 10 13 ), the attraction rate is not significantly changed compared to the 1/1 condition (see FIG. 5B), which is significant. There was no difference.
＜実験２：波長に対する反応＞
紫外３７５ｎｍの単色の対照光源１１と紫外３７５ｎｍと他の波長を混ぜた混色の実験光源１２を選択させた。その際、混色の実験光源１２の光強度は２つの波長を合わせて、対照光源１１と同様の１．０×ｌ０１３ｐｈｏｔｏｎｓ／ｃｍ２／ｓｅｃとした。紫外と青４５０ｎｍを５０：５０で混色させた実験光源１２の場合は、紫外単色の対照光源１１を強く選択した（８０％の誘引率）（図６（Ａ）参照）。紫外と白４６０＋５７０ｎｍを５０：５０で混色させた実験光源１２の場合、紫外単色の対照光源１１を選択した（図６（Ｃ）参照）。
<Experiment 2: Response to wavelength>
A monochromatic control light source 11 of ultraviolet 375 nm and a mixed color experimental light source 12 in which ultraviolet 375 nm and other wavelengths were mixed were selected. At that time, the light intensity of the mixed-color experimental light source 12 was set to 1.0 × 10 13 photons / cm 2 / sec, which was the same as that of the control light source 11 by combining the two wavelengths. In the case of the experimental light source 12 in which ultraviolet and blue 450 nm were mixed at 50:50, the ultraviolet monochromatic control light source 11 was strongly selected (attraction rate of 80%) (see FIG. 6A). In the case of the experimental light source 12 in which ultraviolet and white 460 + 570 nm were mixed at a ratio of 50:50, an ultraviolet monochromatic control light source 11 was selected (see FIG. 6C).
紫外と緑５２５ｎｍを５０：５０で混色させた実験光源１２の場合は、どちらかと言えば混色の実験光源１２を選択した（図６（Ｂ）参照）。それゆえ、ピーク波長が４５０〜４６０ｎｍとなるような青色光を含むことは誘引において負の効果をもたらすと考えられ、好ましくないことが分かった。一方、ピーク波長が５２５ｎｍにある緑色光を含むことは、紫外の単色光の０．５×１０１３ｐｈｏｔｏｎｓ／ｃｍ２／ｓｅｃと比較して有意な差があるため、混色することによる正の誘引効果があることが判明した。 In the case of the experimental light source 12 in which ultraviolet and green 525 nm were mixed at 50:50, the mixed-color experimental light source 12 was selected (see FIG. 6B). Therefore, it has been found that including blue light having a peak wavelength of 450 to 460 nm is considered to have a negative effect on attraction and is not preferable. On the other hand, the inclusion of green light having a peak wavelength of 525 nm has a significant difference compared to 0.5 × 10 13 photons / cm 2 / sec of ultraviolet monochromatic light. It turned out to be effective.
＜実験３：緑色光の比率に対する反応＞
紫外光と緑色光の比率に対する反応をみるため、紫外３７５ｎｍの単色の対照光源１１と、紫外と緑５２５ｎｍの混色の実験光源１２を選択させた。実験光源１２の紫外と緑の比率は１００：０から０：１００まで５段階に分け、それぞれの誘引率の違いを明らかにした。紫外と緑の比率が１００：０、即ち、全て紫外光で構成された実験光源１２の場合、対照光源１１に４７．１％が、実験光源１２に５２．９％がそれぞれ誘引され、カメムシは２つの光源をランダムに選択した（図７（Ａ）参照）。紫外と緑の比率が１００：０（図７（Ａ））、８０：２０（図７（Ｂ））、５０：５０（図７（Ｃ））では有意差はなく、含有率の変化による顕著な反応の変化は認められなかった。一方で、紫外と緑の比率を２０：８０として、緑の比率が高い混色にした場合、７４．３％が対照光源１１に誘引された（図７（Ｄ））。それゆえ、誘引力を低下させない理想的な緑の比率は、５０〜８０％のどこかにあると考えられた。
<Experiment 3: Response to Green Light Ratio>
In order to see the response to the ratio of ultraviolet light to green light, a single-color control light source 11 having an ultraviolet wavelength of 375 nm and an experimental light source 12 having a mixed color of ultraviolet and green 525 nm were selected. The ratio of ultraviolet to green of the experimental light source 12 was divided into five stages from 100: 0 to 0: 100, and the difference in the attraction rate was clarified. In the case of the experimental light source 12 in which the ratio of ultraviolet to green is 100: 0, that is, all composed of ultraviolet light, 47.1% is attracted to the control light source 11 and 52.9% is attracted to the experimental light source 12, respectively. Two light sources were randomly selected (see FIG. 7A). The ratio of ultraviolet to green is 100: 0 (FIG. 7 (A)), 80:20 (FIG. 7 (B)), and 50:50 (FIG. 7 (C)), and there is no significant difference due to the change in content rate. No significant change in response was observed. On the other hand, when the ratio of ultraviolet and green was set to 20:80 and the color ratio was high, 74.3% was attracted to the control light source 11 (FIG. 7D). Therefore, the ideal green ratio that does not reduce the attractiveness was considered to be somewhere between 50 and 80%.
＜実験結果から導き出された結論＞
紫外３７５ｎｍの単色光源の１．０×ｌ０１３ｐｈｏｔｏｎｓ／ｃｍ２／ｓｅｃを既存の誘虫ランプのモデルと見立てた場合、別の波長帯の光を混色させることで、昆虫に対する誘引力を低下させることなく、紫外光の含有率を減らすことができる可能性がある。これにより、高額な紫外ＬＥＤチップを減らしてコストダウンを図ることができると同時に、紫外及び青色の波長帯の光が存在することを隠蔽することで、それらの光源が存在することに起因して生理的障害がもたらされるという心理的障害を除去する効果が得られる。
<Conclusion derived from experimental results>
When 1.0 × 10 13 photons / cm 2 / sec of a monochromatic light source of ultraviolet 375 nm is regarded as a model of an existing insect lamp, the attracting power against insects is reduced by mixing light of different wavelength bands. There is a possibility that the content of ultraviolet light can be reduced. As a result, it is possible to reduce the cost by reducing expensive ultraviolet LED chips, and at the same time, by concealing the existence of light in the ultraviolet and blue wavelength bands, these light sources exist. The effect of removing the psychological disorder that a physiological disorder is brought about is obtained.
また、別の波長帯の光の増加に伴って人の目に見える青色光が覆い隠されることで、捕虫器（即ち、虫）が存在することの心理的障害を取り除くこともできる。別の波長帯の光とは５２５ｎｍを中心とした緑色光であり、その範囲は理想的には５００〜６００ｎｍと想定される。また、その好適な含有比率は、理想的には図７の結果から、５０〜２０％と想定される。 In addition, since the blue light visible to the human eye is obscured as the light in another wavelength band increases, it is possible to remove a psychological obstacle due to the presence of the insect trap (ie, insect). The light of another wavelength band is green light centered on 525 nm, and the range is ideally assumed to be 500 to 600 nm. Moreover, the suitable content rate is ideally assumed to be 50 to 20% from the result of FIG.
更に詳しく解析すると、図７における（Ａ）から（Ｅ）までのデータを用いれば、図８のようなグラフを作成することができる。図８は、実験光源における緑色光の比率と、誘引率の関係を示した図である。ここで、データは図７における（Ａ）から（Ｅ）までの５点であるところ、多項式近似を採用し、前記５点を含んだ近似曲線を得ている。該近似曲線は以下となる。
ｙ＝４９０ｘ４−９８６．６７ｘ３＋４８５．９ｘ２−４２．１３３ｘ＋５２．９
ここで、ｘは実験光源における緑色光の比率であり、ｙは誘引率である。
When analyzed in more detail, a graph as shown in FIG. 8 can be created by using the data from (A) to (E) in FIG. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the relationship between the green light ratio in the experimental light source and the attraction rate. Here, the data is five points from (A) to (E) in FIG. 7, and polynomial approximation is adopted to obtain an approximate curve including the five points. The approximate curve is as follows.
y = 490x4-986.67x3 + 485.9x2-42.133x + 52.9
Here, x is the ratio of green light in the experimental light source, and y is the attraction rate.
またここで、データとして実験光源における緑色光の比率０．２の時に誘引率５６．８％という誘虫効果がある数値が得られている。実験光源における緑色光の比率が０．２より大きくなると誘引率はピークを迎え、その後下がっていく。緑色光の比率を大きくしていった場合に、緑色光の比率０．２の時に誘引率５６．８％という効果と同じ効果となる誘引率を探すと、かかる多項式から、例えば、実験光源における緑色光の比率が０．５５の時に５７．３％という誘引率を得られているところであることが分かる。従って、最適な含有比率は５５〜２０％であると言える。 In addition, here, a numerical value having an attracting effect of 56.8% is obtained as the data when the ratio of green light in the experimental light source is 0.2. When the ratio of green light in the experimental light source is greater than 0.2, the attraction rate reaches a peak and then decreases. When the ratio of green light is increased, when an attractive rate that has the same effect as the attractive rate of 56.8% when the ratio of green light is 0.2 is found, from such a polynomial, for example, in an experimental light source It can be seen that an attractive rate of 57.3% is obtained when the ratio of green light is 0.55. Therefore, it can be said that the optimal content ratio is 55 to 20%.
ところで、一般に緑色光を発するＬＥＤは、紫外光を発するＬＥＤより低コストで入手できるので、緑色光の含有率を増やせば増やすほど、誘虫ランプとして低コストとなると言うことができる。このコスト面を重視すると、従来のような紫外光のみを用いた誘虫ランプと同じ誘引率の誘虫ランプであっても、緑色光を混ぜた誘虫ランプの方が低コスト化できるので有利であると言える。 By the way, in general, an LED that emits green light can be obtained at a lower cost than an LED that emits ultraviolet light. Therefore, it can be said that the more the green light content is increased, the lower the cost as an insect lamp. Emphasizing this cost aspect, even with an insect lamp having the same attraction rate as an insect lamp using only ultraviolet light as in the past, an insect lamp mixed with green light is advantageous because it can reduce the cost. I can say that.
この観点で、上記式より誘引率が略５０％になる緑色光の含有比率を算出したところ、緑色光の含有比率が６２.６の時に、誘引率が５０．１％となるところがあることが判明した。これより、緑色光の含有比率が６２．６％以下の時に、少なくとも５０％以上の誘引率を確保しつつ、従来のような紫外光のみを用いた誘虫ランプよりも低コストの誘虫ランプを実現することが可能と言うことができる。 From this point of view, when the green light content ratio at which the attraction rate is approximately 50% is calculated from the above formula, the attraction rate may be 50.1% when the green light content ratio is 62.6. found. As a result, when the green light content is 62.6% or less, a low-cost insect lamp that achieves an attractive rate of at least 50% or more than a conventional insect lamp using only ultraviolet light is realized. It can be said that it is possible.
以上のように本発明によれば、紫外光と緑色光の両方の光を発するランプを用いることで、紫外光とそれに付随した青色光を発するランプを用いるよりも誘虫性を高めることができ、且つ、生理的及び心理的障害を低減し得る効果があり、また、紫外光及び青色光が存在することを隠蔽し、捕虫器があることの心理的障害を取り除くことができるという効果がある誘虫ランプを提供することができ、その産業上の利用可能性は大である。 As described above, according to the present invention, by using a lamp that emits light of both ultraviolet light and green light, it is possible to enhance the insect attracting ability than using a lamp that emits ultraviolet light and the accompanying blue light, In addition, there is an effect that can reduce physiological and psychological obstacles, and it is also effective to conceal the presence of ultraviolet light and blue light, and to remove the psychological obstacles due to the presence of insect traps. A lamp can be provided, and its industrial applicability is great.
１ 直管型ケーシング
２ 紫外ＬＥＤチップ
３ 緑ＬＥＤチップ
４ ＬＥＤモジュール
５ 点灯回路
６ ノイズフィルター
７ キャップ
１１ 対照光源
１２ 実験光源
１３ 飛翔台
２１ ケース
２２ 捕虫シート
２３ 誘虫ランプ
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Straight pipe type casing 2 Ultraviolet LED chip 3 Green LED chip 4 LED module 5 Lighting circuit 6 Noise filter 7 Cap 11 Control light source 12 Experiment light source 13 Flying stand 21 Case 22 Insect capturing sheet 23 Insect lamp
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| CN112913804A (en) * | 2021-03-15 | 2021-06-08 | 湖南省丰炜实业有限责任公司 | Time-controlled multi-light-source multiband insecticidal lamp and trapping and killing method thereof |
| CN114208784A (en) * | 2022-01-21 | 2022-03-22 | 中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所 | Method for alternately attracting adult brontispa longissima based on two wavelength light sources |
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| WO2013042743A1 (en) * | 2011-09-20 | 2013-03-28 | 国立大学法人浜松医科大学 | Induction device, insect capture device, and insect capture method |
| US20160345569A1 (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2016-12-01 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Device and method for attracting and trapping flying insects |
| JP2016208944A (en) * | 2015-05-13 | 2016-12-15 | 摩耶 荒金 | Insect lamp |
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| WO2013042743A1 (en) * | 2011-09-20 | 2013-03-28 | 国立大学法人浜松医科大学 | Induction device, insect capture device, and insect capture method |
| JP2015164439A (en) * | 2011-09-20 | 2015-09-17 | 国立大学法人浜松医科大学 | Attracting device, insect trapping device and insect trapping method |
| JP2016208944A (en) * | 2015-05-13 | 2016-12-15 | 摩耶 荒金 | Insect lamp |
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| CN114208784A (en) * | 2022-01-21 | 2022-03-22 | 中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所 | Method for alternately attracting adult brontispa longissima based on two wavelength light sources |
| CN114208784B (en) * | 2022-01-21 | 2023-05-23 | 中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所 | Method for alternatively attracting coconut leaf beetle adults based on two wavelength light sources |
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