JP2018087440A - Building structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a building structure capable of drastically reducing a building cost by enabling simplification of a structural skeleton by rationally improving a support structure of a pit part.SOLUTION: In a building structure, a pit part 3 for forming a space S for equipment is provided in a lower story part of a building T. The pit part 3 is supported on ground G in the state of being separated by a structural skeleton 1 and a separation part 4 so that the structural skeleton 1 of the building T cannot bear a load.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a building structure in which a pit portion forming a space for equipment is provided in a lower layer portion of a building.

  There are various types of pits that form a space for equipment, such as an upper open type elevator pit that forms the bottom of an elevator hoistway, and an upper closed type water tank that forms a water storage space. Conventionally, in this type of building structure, such a pit portion is constructed integrally with a basic slab or a floor slab on the lowest floor, which is a structural frame of the building (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2). .

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-350746 (FIG. 1) Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-088847 (FIGS. 1 and 2)

In the conventional building structure described above, since the building structural frame and the pit portion are integrated, a part of the load (fixed load, loading load, and impact load) of the pit portion is borne by the building structural frame.
For this reason, it is necessary to design the peripheral portion of the pit portion in the structural frame in consideration of the load of the pit portion, which leads to an increase in the number of structural members and an increase in size of the portion of the structural frame. Such a problem appears particularly remarkably when the pit portion is an elevator pit that needs to consider a large impact load.
Further, since the entire weight of the structural body is increased by the load of the pit portion, gravity and horizontal external force (such as a horizontal force during an earthquake) acting on the structural body are increased. Therefore, the structural frame must be designed robustly in consideration of this.
For these reasons, the conventional building structure has a problem that the construction cost is inevitably high.

  In view of this situation, the main problem of the present invention is to provide a building structure capable of simplifying the structural frame by rationally improving the support structure of the pit portion and greatly reducing the construction cost. In the point.

The first characteristic configuration of the present invention is a building structure in which a pit portion forming a space for equipment is provided in a lower layer portion of a building,
The pit portion is supported by the ground in a state of being edge-cut by the structure housing and the edge cutting portion so as not to load the structure housing of the building.

According to the above configuration, since the load of the pit portion is not borne on the structural frame of the building, it is possible to reduce the size and size of the structural members around the pit portion in the structural frame. Furthermore, since the overall weight of the structural body is reduced by removing the load of the pit portion, the gravity and horizontal external force acting on the structural body can be reduced, and the structural body can be simplified. Therefore, construction costs can be greatly reduced.
Moreover, such an excellent effect can be obtained with a simple structure in which the structure housing and the pit portion are edge-cut by the edge cutting portion and the pit portion is supported on the ground in a state independent of the structure housing.

  The second characteristic configuration of the present invention is that the edge cut portion is provided with a fire prevention measure that enables a fire prevention compartment to be formed.

  According to the above configuration, by applying fire prevention measures to the edge cut portion between the structural frame and the pit portion, the above-described frame cutting state between the structural frame and the pit portion that realizes a significant reduction in the construction cost is maintained, and the pit hole section is maintained. In addition, it is possible to appropriately form fire prevention compartments such as area compartments and different use compartments.

  The third characteristic configuration of the present invention lies in that ground improvement is applied to the ground portion that bears the load of the pit portion.

  In other words, since the load of the pit part is very light compared to the structural frame of the building, according to the above configuration in which the ground improvement is applied to the ground part that bears the load of the pit part, even if the ground of the construction site However, even if the ground is very soft and requires a support pile to support the structural frame, the load of the pit portion can be appropriately applied to the ground portion. In addition, since only the ground improvement is applied to the ground portion that bears the load of the pit portion, it can be realized at low cost and with simple work.

According to a fourth characteristic configuration of the present invention, the structural housing includes a structural slab in which the pit portion is arranged in an embedded state,
The edge cut portion is configured to edge the structural slab and the pit portion at a portion that is not exposed on the upper surface portion of the structural slab.

In other words, if the edge cut portion between the structural slab and the pit portion arranged in the embedded state cuts the structural slab and the pit portion at a portion exposed to the upper surface portion of the structural slab such as a vertical slit. Due to the difference in the amount of settlement between the structural slab and the pit portion resulting from the difference in weight and support form, there is a possibility that a step difference will occur afterwards at the location where the edge cut portion is exposed at the upper surface portion of the structural slab.
In contrast, according to the present configuration, the edge cut portion between the structure slab and the pit portion cuts the structure slab and the pit portion at a portion that is not exposed on the upper surface portion of the structure slab. Can be avoided in advance.

Sectional drawing of the principal part of the lower layer part of the building which shows 1st Embodiment of a building structure Sectional drawing of the principal part of the lower layer part of the building which shows 2nd Embodiment of a building structure

An embodiment of a building structure according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[First Embodiment]
FIG. 1 shows a lower layer portion of a building T that employs a building structure according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the lower layer inside the building T is provided with a foundation 11, a floor slab 12 (an example of a structural slab), a column 13, a wall 14, and the like as a structural frame 1. The foundation 11 can be composed of, for example, a foundation footing 11A and a foundation beam 11B. The lower part of the building T includes a pit portion 3 that forms an elevator pit space S1 (an example of a space S for equipment) that is recessed from the floor slab 12 at the bottom of the elevator hoistway 2. It has been. The floor slab 12 and the pit portion 3 can be constructed of, for example, reinforced concrete.

  Although various structures can be adopted as the support structure of the structural frame 1, in this embodiment, a structure supported by a large number of support piles 6 built in the ground G is taken as an example. . This support structure can be configured, for example, by joining a pile head of the support pile 6 that protrudes upward through the soil concrete 7 and a foundation footing 11A of the foundation 11. A crushed stone layer 8 or the like can be appropriately laid between the ground G and the soil concrete 7.

  The pit portion 3 is provided with a bottom wall portion 31 having a substantially horizontal posture and a peripheral wall portion 32 rising from the outer peripheral edge thereof in a substantially vertical posture. The pit portion 3 is arranged in an embedded state in the floor slab 12, and in this arrangement state, an elevator pit space S <b> 1 can be formed on the upper side of the bottom wall portion 31 and on the inner side of the peripheral wall portion 32.

  In this building structure, the pit portion 3 is edge-cut by the structural housing 1 and the edge cutting portion 4 so as not to load the structural housing 1 of the building T (in other words, the structural housing 1 and the structural housing 1 In the ground portion G3), and is supported by the ground portion g3 immediately below the pit portion 3 in the ground G. That is, in this building structure, the structural frame support system that supports the structural frame 1 with the support pile 6 and the pit portion support system that supports the pit portion 3 with the ground portion g3 directly below the pit portion 3 are independent of each other. It is configured in the state.

  Therefore, in this building structure, since the structural housing 1 does not bear the load of the pit portion 3, the structural members in the peripheral portion of the pit portion 3 in the structural housing 1 can be reduced in size and size. Further, since the entire weight of the structural housing 1 is reduced by removing the load of the pit portion 3 from the structural housing 1, gravity and horizontal external force acting on the structural housing 1 can be reduced, and the structural housing 1 can be simplified. You can plan.

  The edge cutting portion 4 is configured to edge the floor slab 12 and the pit portion 3 on the side of the structural housing 1, and in this embodiment, the edge slab 12 is not exposed to the upper surface portion 12 a of the floor slab 12. The pit portion 3 is configured to be cut off. The edge cutting part 4 can be comprised by arrangement | positioning and a shape which the load of the pit part 3 does not apply to the floor slab 12.

  Specifically, the edge cutting part 4 is comprised by the horizontal slit 41 along the substantially horizontal direction which divides | segments the upper floor slab 12 and the lower pit part 3 in an up-down direction. The horizontal slit 41 is formed between the lower surface portion 12b of the floor slab 12 facing in the vertical direction and the upper end surface 32a of the peripheral wall portion 32 of the pit portion 3 in a state extending over the entire circumference of the peripheral wall portion 32 of the pit portion 3. Has been.

  As described above, in this embodiment, the pit portion 3 is positioned below the floor slab 12 while the load (fixed load, loading load, and impact load) of the pit portion 3 is a downward force. By arranging the horizontal slit 41, it is possible to reliably avoid the load of the pit portion 3 on the floor slab 12.

  Moreover, since the horizontal slit 41 is not exposed on the upper surface portion 12a of the floor slab 12, for example, the amount of subsidence over time of the pit portion 3 supported by the ground portion g3 directly below the pit portion 3 in the pit portion support system. However, even when it becomes larger than the floor slab 12 supported by the support pile 6 in the structural frame support system, a step is generated on the upper surface portion 12a of the floor slab 12 by changing the slit width of the lateral slit 41. This can be avoided reliably.

The edge cut portion 4 is provided with fire prevention measures that enable the formation of fire prevention compartments. Specifically, as the fire prevention measure, there is a measure of closing the lateral slit 41 constituting the edge cut portion 4 with a fireproof material 51 (an example of the gap filling material 5) having nonflammability and fire resistance such as rock wool. It has been subjected. The refractory material 51 is loaded inside the lateral slit 41 over the entire length of the lateral slit 41 (the entire circumference of the peripheral wall portion 32 of the pit portion 3).
Therefore, in the elevator hoistway 2 having the space S1 for the elevator pit, it is possible to form an appropriate pothole section (an example of a fire prevention section) that can block heat and flame at the time of a fire.

  Moreover, in this building structure, the ground improvement is given to the ground part g3 which bears the load of the said pit part 3 corresponding to the ground G being a soft ground. In other words, the improved ground A with improved ground is constructed in the ground portion g3 that bears the load of the pit portion 3.

  As the ground improvement method for constructing the improved ground A, for example, various methods such as a deep ground improvement method for improving the ground in the range from the surface layer to the deep layer such as columnar improvement, and a surface layer improvement method for improving the ground only on the surface layer, etc. The method can be adopted as appropriate. In the present embodiment, the surface layer improving method is adopted in consideration of the light load of the pit portion 3.

  As described above, in this building structure, the heavy structural frame 1 is supported by the support pile 6, while the small pit portion 3 is a ground portion g3 in which an improved ground A having low cost and excellent workability is constructed. By supporting the structure, the structural frame 1 and the pit portion 3 can be efficiently supported when the ground G of the construction site is a soft ground.

[Second Embodiment]
In the first embodiment described above, the case where the pit portion 3 forms the elevator pit space S1 as the equipment space S has been described as an example, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
In this 2nd Embodiment, the pit part 3 is comprised so that the space S2 for water storage may be formed as the space S for facilities. Specifically, the pit portion 3 has a substantially horizontal posture of the bottom wall portion 33, a substantially horizontal posture of the top wall portion 34, and a bottom wall portion 33 and a substantially vertical posture extending between the outer peripheral edges of the top wall portion 34. A peripheral wall portion 35 is provided. The top wall 34 is formed with an opening 34b having a detachable lid 34a.
The pit portion 3 according to the second embodiment is arranged in an embedded state in the floor slab 12 and forms a water storage space S2 surrounded by the bottom wall portion 33, the top wall portion 34, and the peripheral wall portion 35 in the arrangement state. can do.

  The said edge cut part 4 is comprised by the vertical slit 42 along the substantially vertical direction which divides | segments the floor slab 12 and the pit part 3 by the side of the structure housing 1 in a horizontal direction. The vertical slit 42 extends over the entire circumference of the peripheral wall portion 35 of the pit portion 3, and the end surface portion 12 c of the floor slab 12 facing in the horizontal direction and the upper end side portion of the outer peripheral surface 35 a of the peripheral wall portion 35 of the pit portion 3. Is formed between.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the pit portion 3 and the floor slab 12 do not overlap in the vertical direction while the load (fixed load, loading load or impact load) of the pit portion 3 is a downward force. By arranging the vertical slit 42 on the floor, it is possible to reliably avoid the load of the pit portion 3 on the floor slab 12.
Moreover, since the vertical slit 42 is located outside the outer peripheral surface 35a of the peripheral wall portion 35 of the pit portion 3, the water storage space S2 and the vertical slit 42 are not related. Therefore, the problem of leakage of water from the water storage space S2 due to the formation of the edge cut portion 4 can also be reliably avoided.

The vertical slit 42 is provided with a measure of closing with a sealing material 52 (an example of the gap filling material 5) having airtightness and watertightness. The sealing material 52 is loaded inside the vertical slit 42 over the entire length of the vertical slit 42 (the entire circumference of the peripheral wall portion 35 of the pit portion 3).
In the second embodiment, in consideration of an increase in the weight of the pit portion 3 due to water storage in the water storage space S2, the ground portion g3 directly below the pit portion 3 is deeper than the first embodiment. The ground has been improved.

  Since other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment described above, the same reference numerals are given to the same components, and the description thereof is omitted.

[Another embodiment]
(1) In the above-described embodiment, the case where the pit portion 3 is composed of reinforced concrete is shown as an example, but it may be composed of lightweight cellular concrete, steel frame, or the like. In this way, the pit part 3 can be reduced in weight, and the support structure of the pit part can be simplified.

  (2) In the above-described first embodiment, the case where the edge cut portion 4 is configured by the lateral slit 41 along the substantially horizontal direction is described as an example, but the edge cut portion 4 is configured by a vertical slit along the approximately vertical direction. It may be. Similarly, in the above-described second embodiment, the case where the edge cutting portion 4 is configured by the vertical slit 42 along the substantially vertical direction has been described as an example, but it is configured by a horizontal slit or the like along the substantially horizontal direction. It may be. In short, the edge cutting portion 4 may be configured in any structure as long as the structure housing 1 and the pit portion 3 can be edge-cut.

  (3) In the above-described embodiment, as the pit portion 3 that forms the space S for equipment, the elevator pit space S1 and the water storage space S2 are formed as an example. May be formed.

  (4) In the above-described embodiment, the case where the heavy structural frame 1 is supported by the support pile 6 and the small pit portion 3 is supported by the ground portion g3 subjected to the ground improvement is shown as an example. However, the support structure of the structural frame 1 and the pit portion 3 can be appropriately changed according to the state of the ground G, the type of the building T, and the like.

  As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was described, this invention is not limited to such embodiment at all, Of course, in the range which does not deviate from the summary of this invention, it can implement in a various aspect.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Structure frame 3 Pit part 4 Edge cutting part 12 Floor slab (structure slab)
G Ground S Space for equipment T Building g3 Ground part A Improved ground

Claims (4)

A building structure in which a pit portion forming a space for equipment is provided in a lower layer portion of the building,
A building structure in which the pit portion is supported by the ground in a state where the pit portion is edge-cut by the structure housing and the edge cutting portion so as not to apply a load to the structure housing of the building.   The building structure according to claim 1, wherein the edge cut portion is provided with a fire prevention measure that enables formation of a fire prevention compartment.   The building structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a ground improvement is applied to a ground portion that bears a load of the pit portion. The structural housing includes a structural slab in which the pit portion is arranged in an embedded state,
The building structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the edge cutting portion is configured to edge the structural slab and the pit portion at a portion that is not exposed on an upper surface portion of the structural slab.

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