JP2018086613A - Pestle and crushing device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a pestle which can reduce crush leaving of a crushing object, and a crushing device comprising the same.SOLUTION: A pestle 10 is rotated in a mortar 40 around a rotation axis which extends in a vertical direction. The pestle 10 comprises plural expansion parts 16 which are expanded in a radial direction of rotation and can be brought into face contact with a bottom wall of the mortar 40, and which are deviated around the rotation axis. Between the expansion parts 16, 16 which are adjacent in a rotation direction of the pestle 10, a relief part 17, which is concaved to the rotation axis side with respect to the expansion part 16, and avoids interference of the pestle 10, which is positioned adjacent thereto when plural pestles 10 are so located as to be arranged in the mortar 40, with the expansion part 16.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

  The present invention relates to a pestle rotating in a mortar and a crushing device provided with the same.

  The crushing device described in Patent Document 1 includes two pestles that rotate around a vertical rotation axis in a mortar. Moreover, the shape which looked at the pestle from the rotating shaft direction is circular.

Patent 531567 (paragraphs [0071] and [0074], FIG. 4)

  By the way, in the conventional pestle mentioned above, in order to avoid interference between pestle, the space | interval of the rotating shafts of a pestle must be larger than twice the rotation radius of a pestle. For this reason, there is a problem that an area in which no pestle passes between the pestles is generated, and the crushed object is easily left uncrushed.

  This invention is made | formed in view of the said situation, and aims at provision of the pestle which can reduce the crushing residue of a crushing object, and a crushing apparatus provided with the same.

  In order to achieve the above object, the invention of claim 1 is a pestle that rotates in a mortar about a rotating shaft that extends in the vertical direction, and that projects in the radial direction of rotation and faces the bottom wall and surface of the mortar. A plurality of projecting portions that can come into contact with each other are arranged around the rotational axis, and are recessed between the projecting portions adjacent to each other in the rotational direction of the pestle toward the rotational shaft with respect to the projecting portions. Thus, when a plurality of the pestle are arranged side by side in the mortar, the pestle is provided with an escape portion that avoids interference with the overhanging portion of the pestle located next to the pestle.

  In the invention of claim 2, the plurality of overhang portions are arranged at equal intervals in the rotation direction of the pestle, and the amount of overhang from the rotating shaft is the same between the plurality of overhang portions. The pestle according to claim 1.

  The invention according to claim 3 is the invention according to claim 2, wherein only one pair of the overhang portions is provided, and the pair of overhang portions are arranged linearly so that the overhang directions from the rotation shaft are opposite. A pestle.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in order to sweep the crushing object accumulated in the gap between the side wall of the mortar and the pestle from the gap at the end of the overhanging portion far from the rotation axis. The pestle according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the sweeping member is detachably attached.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the pestle according to any one of the first to fourth aspects is provided in at least one pair in the mortar and includes a drive unit that rotates the pestle about the rotation axis. A crushing device, wherein the pair of pestles are arranged such that an interval between rotation shafts is less than twice a rotation radius of the pestle, and the drive unit is The crushing device rotates the pair of pestles so that the protruding portion of the other pestle is received in the escape portion of one pestle.

  According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, the drive unit includes: a rotational drive source that rotates the mortar; a solar rotator that rotates integrally with the mortar; and a plurality of planetary rotators that rotate integrally with the pestle. The crushing device according to claim 5, further comprising: a planetary mechanism that rotates the mortar and the plurality of pestles in the same direction.

[Invention of claims 1, 5 and 6]
The pestle according to the present invention includes a plurality of projecting portions projecting in the rotational radius direction, and a relief portion recessed between the projecting portions adjacent to each other in the rotational direction of the pestle on the rotating shaft side with respect to the projecting portion. It has. According to the pestle according to the present invention, when a pair of pestle is arranged in a mortar, even if the interval between the rotation axes of the pestle is less than twice the rotation radius of the pestle, It becomes possible to receive the overhanging portion of the other pestle. Thereby, it becomes possible to eliminate the area | region where neither pestle passes between one pair of pestles, and it becomes possible to reduce the crushing residue of a crushing object.

  In addition, as a crushing apparatus provided with the pestle of the present invention, a mortar is fixed, and each pestle rotates about a rotation axis while a pair of pestle rotates with respect to the mortar. Alternatively, the mortar may be rotated and each of the pair of pestles may be rotated about each rotation axis. The rotation direction of the pair of pestles may be the same direction or the reverse direction. In the case where the mortar rotates, the case where the pair of pestles rotate in the same direction is less likely to fail than the case where they rotate in the opposite direction (invention of claim 6).

[Inventions of Claims 2 and 3]
Since the plurality of overhang portions are arranged at equal intervals in the rotation direction of the pestle, the escape portion of one pestle can be obtained by shifting the rotational phase by a predetermined amount between the pestle arranged adjacent to each other in the mortar. Can receive the overhanging portion of the other pestle. Moreover, since the amount of overhang of the overhanging portion is the same among the plurality of overhanging portions, the crushing performance can be made uniform among the plurality of overhanging portions.

  In addition, as in claim 3, a pestle comprising only one pair of projecting portions and linearly arranging the pair of projecting portions so that the projecting directions from the rotating shaft are opposite to each other. Can be made into a simple shape, and manufacture of the pestle becomes easy.

[Invention of claim 4]
According to the present invention, by attaching the sweeping member to the overhanging portion, it is difficult for the crushing object to collect in the gap between the side wall of the mortar and the pestle, and the crushing residue of the crushing object can be reduced. It becomes possible.

Front sectional view of the crushing device according to the first embodiment Enlarged view around the mortar in Figure 1 (A) Schematic plan view for explaining the operation of the planetary gear mechanism, (B) Schematic plan view for explaining the operation of another planetary gear mechanism. Schematic perspective view of pestle Flat section of a pestle placed in a mortar Plan view showing how two pestles rotate Plan view showing how two pestles rotate Schematic perspective view of a pestle according to the second embodiment (A) Front sectional view of mortar and pestle, (B) Flat sectional view Plan sectional view of a pestle according to another embodiment The figure which shows the shape, arrangement | positioning, and rotation direction of the pestle which concerns on other embodiment.

[First Embodiment]
Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIG. 1, the crushing device 50 according to the present embodiment is entirely covered with a box-shaped case 51 having a vertically long rectangular parallelepiped shape. The box-shaped case 51 is divided into an upper box 52 and a lower box 53 at an intermediate portion in the vertical direction. The upper box 52 accommodates the mortar 40 and the pestle 10. The lower box 53 accommodates a rotational drive source 30 (corresponding to the “drive unit” of the present invention) for rotationally driving the mortar 40 and the pestle 10.

  The output shaft 31 of the rotational drive source 30 passes through a shaft through hole 53 </ b> A formed in the ceiling wall 53 </ b> T of the lower box 53, and is connected to a turntable 32 disposed on the lower box 53. Specifically, the turntable 32 has a disk shape, and has a plurality of embossed engagement protrusions 32K on the upper surface, and a connecting cylinder 33 at the center of the lower surface. Then, the connecting cylinder 33 is connected to the output shaft 31 so as to be integrally rotatable, so that the rotating disk 32 can be rotationally driven by the rotational drive source 30.

  As shown in FIG. 2, a mortar 40 is placed on the upper surface of the turntable 32. The mortar 40 has a structure in which a lower end portion of a cylindrical side wall 40A is closed with a horizontal bottom wall 40B. On the outer peripheral surface of the upper end portion of the side wall 40A of the mortar 40, a collar portion 40C is formed over the entire circumferential direction. And the handle parts 41 and 41 protrude sideways from two places 180 degrees apart in the collar part 40C. In addition, as for the junction part of the bottom wall 40B and side wall 40A of the mortar 40, both the inner surface and the outer surface are chamfered in circular arc shape.

  On the lower surface of the mortar 40, a plurality of engagement holes 40K capable of engaging with the engagement protrusions 32K of the rotating disk 32 are formed. As a result, the mortar 40 is connected to the rotating disk 32 so as to be integrally rotatable only by placing the mortar 40 on the upper surface of the rotating disk 32, and the mortar 40 is rotationally driven together with the rotating disk 32 by the rotation drive source 30.

  The upper box 52 moves up and down with respect to the lower box 53 and moves between a combined position (see FIG. 1) combined with the lower box 53 and a separation position separated from the lower box 53 directly above. As shown in FIG. 1, lift guides 52 </ b> G for moving the upper box 52 up and down are provided at a plurality of positions on the outer edges of the upper box 52 and the lower box 53.

  A center fixing shaft 55 is attached to the center of the upper surface wall of the upper box 52 so as not to rotate. Specifically, a shaft insertion hole 52 </ b> A is formed through the center of the upper surface wall of the upper box 52 in the vertical direction in order to attach the center fixing shaft 55. The shaft insertion hole 52A has a size that allows the center fixed shaft 55 to be loosely fitted. A rotation restricting board 54 is fixed to the center of the lower surface of the upper surface wall of the upper box 52. The center fixing shaft 55 is restricted from rotating around the central axis by the rotation restricting plate 54 while being inserted into a fixing hole 54 </ b> A formed in the rotation restricting plate 54. The portion of the center fixing shaft 55 that is inserted into the fixing hole 54A and the fixing hole 54A are both non-circular.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a position adjustment mechanism 56 for adjusting the vertical position of the center fixing shaft 55 is provided at the center of the upper surface of the upper surface wall of the upper box 52. The position request mechanism 56 includes a nut 56N that engages with a male screw formed on the center fixed shaft 55, and a nut holder 56H that restricts the vertical movement of the nut 56N.

  As shown in FIG. 2, a planetary gear mechanism 60 is assembled to the center fixed shaft 55. The sun gear 61 of the planetary gear mechanism 60 is fitted with the center fixed shaft 55 and rotates around the center fixed shaft 55.

  A connecting member 62 is fixed to the upper surface of the sun gear 61. The connecting member 62 is formed by bending a strip-shaped sheet metal into a gate shape, and communicated between the upper ends of a pair of connecting leg portions 62K and 62K extending in the vertical direction by a horizontal turning portion 62S extending in the horizontal direction. It has a structure. And the intermediate part of the horizontal turning part 62S is being fixed to the upper surface of the sun gear 61 so that integral rotation is possible via the disk-shaped raising board 62R. Note that a through hole through which the center fixing shaft 55 is inserted is formed in the raised board 62R and the horizontal turning part 62S.

  Resin blocks 63 and 63 are fixed to the lower ends of the opposing surfaces of the connecting legs 62K and 62K of the connecting member 62, respectively. The resin blocks 63 and 63 are disposed in the rotation area of the handle portions 41 and 41 in the mortar 40. When the mortar 40 is rotated by the rotation drive source 30, the resin blocks 63, 63 of the connecting member 62 and the handle portions 41, 41 of the mortar 40 come into contact with each other, and the connecting member 62 and the mortar 40 rotate together. To do. Thereby, the sun gear 61 and the mortar 40 rotate integrally.

  A planet holding plate 65 that rotatably supports a plurality of planetary gears 64 of the planetary gear mechanism 60 is fixed to the center fixed shaft 55. The planetary gear 64 is a spur gear having a disk shape with the same thickness as the sun gear 61, and meshes with the sun gear 61. The planet holding board 65 has a disk shape and has a pair of support holes 65A and 65A for supporting the planetary gear 64 at two positions separated by 180 degrees. A connecting shaft 66 that connects the planetary gear 64 and the pestle 10 is inserted through each support hole 65A.

  The connecting shaft 66 includes a gear fixing portion 66A, a stopper flange 66B, and an inner shaft 66C in order from the upper end portion. A planetary gear 64 is fixed to the gear fixing portion 66A. The pestle 10 is connected to the inner shaft 66C. When an upward force is applied to the connecting shaft 66, the stopper flange 66B contacts the lower surface of the planetary holding board 65 to position the connecting shaft 66. Thereby, the planetary gear 64 is disposed at the same height as the sun gear 61. When a downward force (for example, its own weight) is applied to the connecting shaft 66, the planetary gear 64 is displaced downward and comes into contact with the upper surface of the planetary holding plate 65. Thereby, the connecting shaft 66 is prevented from coming off.

  The pestle 10 is formed by fixing a pestle body 15 to a lower end portion of a rotating sleeve 11 extending in the vertical direction. The pestle 10 rotates about the central axis 11J of the rotating sleeve 11. The rotating sleeve 11 has a structure in which the lower end is closed. Then, with the compression spring 12 and the inner shaft 66C of the connecting shaft 66 inserted from above into the rotating sleeve 11, the pin 14 is formed in the inner shaft 66C and a pin hole (not shown) formed in the rotating sleeve 11. It is inserted through the long hole 66N. Thereby, the pestle 10 and the connection shaft 66 are connected so that they cannot rotate and can move up and down. The compression spring 12 is compressed between the bottom portion of the rotary sleeve 11 and the tip end portion of the connecting inner shaft portion 13. Then, due to the elastic force of the compression spring 12, the pestle body 15 is pressed against the bottom wall 40B of the mortar 40 and comes into surface contact with the bottom wall 40B.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the pestle body 15 includes a plurality of projecting portions 16 that project from the rotating sleeve 11 in the rotational radius direction of the pestle 10. The plurality of overhang portions 16 are arranged so as to be shifted in the rotation direction of the pestle 10, that is, in the circumferential direction of the rotation sleeve 11. And between the overhanging parts 16 and 16 adjacent to each other in the rotation direction of the pestle 10, the overhanging part 16 is recessed toward the central axis 11J side of the rotating sleeve 11 (that is, the tip of the overhanging part 16 by rotation). A relief portion 17 that is recessed toward the central axis 11J with respect to the circle drawn by (2 dash-dot line in FIG. 5) is formed. Between the plurality of overhang portions 16, the overhang amount with respect to the rotating sleeve 11 is the same. In the example of this embodiment, the overhanging portion 16 is disposed at a position 180 degrees apart, and the pestle body 15 is formed in a straight line shape in plan view. In the following, one of the two overhangs 16, 16 is referred to as a first overhang 16A, and the other overhang 16 is referred to as a second overhang 16B. The protruding portions 16 and 16 are appropriately distinguished.

  Here, in the crushing apparatus 50 of this embodiment, the two pestle 10 is provided. As shown in FIG. 5, the two pestle 10 is disposed at a position shifted by 180 degrees in the circumferential direction of the center fixing shaft 55. The two pestles 10 rotate counterclockwise when viewed from above. The interval between the rotation axes of the two pestles 10, that is, the interval between the central axes 11J of the rotation sleeve 11, is less than twice the rotation radius of the pestle 10 (the rotation radius of the pestle body 15). Here, in FIG. 5, the pestle 10 shown on the right side is referred to as a first pestle 10F, and the pestle 10 shown on the left side is referred to as a second pestle 10S. The rotation area R1 of 10F and the rotation area R2 of the second pestle 10S partially overlap.

  In the crushing device 50 of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3A, the rotation direction of the sun gear 61 and the rotation direction of the planetary gear 64 are opposite, that is, the rotation direction of the mortar 40. The rotation direction of each pestle 10 is opposite, but as shown in FIG. 3 (B), the planetary gear mechanism 60 includes an internal gear 67 that rotates outside the plurality of planetary gears 64, 64, and its internal teeth If the gear 67 rotates integrally with the mortar 40, the rotation direction of the mortar 40 and the rotation direction of each pestle 10 can be made the same. If the rotation direction of the mortar 40 and the rotation direction of each pestle 10 are the same, even if the mortar 40 and the pestle 10 are in contact with each other, damage to the pestle 10 can be suppressed. In addition, the crushing object can be easily caught in the gap between the mortar 40 and the pestle 10 and the crushing efficiency can be increased.

  Next, the rotation operation of the two pestle will be described with reference to FIGS. In the state shown in FIG. 5, the pestle body 15 of the first pestle 10F is disposed in parallel with the left-right direction, and the pestle body 15 of the second pestle 10S is disposed in parallel with the front-rear direction. The first overhanging portion 16A of the first pestle 10F is disposed on the right side and enters the rotation region R2 of the second pestle 10S. The first overhanging portion 16A of the first pestle 10F is received in the escape portion 17 of the second pestle 10S. Note that the first overhanging portion 16A of the second pestle 10S is disposed on the front side (lower side in FIG. 5).

  When the two pestle 10 shown in FIG. 5 rotates, as shown in the change of FIG. 5 → FIG. 6 (A) → FIG. 6 (B), the first overhanging portion 16A of the first pestle 10F and the second pestle The 2nd overhang | projection part 16B of 10S approaches mutually. When the two pestle 10 further rotates from the state shown in FIG. 6B, as shown in FIG. 7A, the first overhanging portion 16A of the first pestle 10F moves from the rotation region R2 of the second pestle 10S. The second overhanging portion 16B of the second pestle 10S enters the rotation region R1 of the first pestle 10F. Then, the second overhanging portion 16B of the second pestle 10S is received by the escape portion 17 of the first pestle 10A. The first overhanging portion 16A of the first pestle 10F is disengaged from the escape portion 17 of the second pestle 10B. When the two pestles 10 further rotate from the state shown in FIG. 7A, as shown in FIG. 7B, the pestle body 15 of the first pestle 10F is arranged parallel to the front-rear direction, and the second pestle 10S. The pestle body 15 is arranged in parallel with the left-right direction.

  As described above, the pestle 10 of the present embodiment includes a plurality of protruding portions 16 protruding in the rotational radius direction, and the rotation axis of the pestle 10 is between the protruding portions 16 and 16 adjacent to each other in the rotational direction of the pestle 10. It has a relief portion 17 that is recessed toward (the central axis 11J of the rotating sleeve 11). Therefore, in the crushing device 50 of the present embodiment, a pair of pestles 10 and 10 are arranged side by side in the mortar 40, and the interval between the rotation axes of the pestle 10 is less than twice the rotation radius of the pestle 10. However, the overhanging portion 16 of the other pestle 10 can be received in the escape portion 17 of the one pestle 10. Thereby, it becomes possible to eliminate the area | region where neither pestle 10 passes between one pair of pestles 10 and 10, and it becomes possible to reduce the crushing residue of a crushing target object.

  Moreover, in the pestle 10 of the present embodiment, the plurality of overhang portions 16 are arranged at equal intervals in the rotational direction of the pestle 10, so that the pestles 10, 10 arranged adjacent to each other in the mortar 40 are between each other. By simply shifting the rotational phase by a predetermined amount, the overhanging portion 16 of the other pestle 10 can be received by the escape portion 17 of the one pestle 10. Furthermore, the pestle 10 of the present embodiment includes only one pair of overhang portions 16, and the pair of overhang portions 16 and 16 are linearly arranged so that the overhang directions from the rotation shaft are opposite. Therefore, the pestle 10 can be formed into a simple shape, and the pestle 10 can be easily manufactured. In addition, since the amount of overhanging portion 16 is the same among the plurality of overhanging portions 16, the crushing performance can be made uniform among the plurality of overhanging portions 16.

[Second Embodiment]
As shown in FIG. 8, in the pestle 10 </ b> V of the present embodiment, the sweeping member 18 is detachably fixed to the overhang portion 16 of the pestle body 15. The sweeping member 18 is disposed at the end of the overhanging portion 16 that is far from the rotation axis of the pestle 10V (the central axis 11J of the rotation sleeve 11), protrudes in the radial direction of rotation of the pestle 10V, and rotates the pestle 10V. Extends along the axis. The sweep member 18 is made of, for example, a resin sheet.

  When the pestle 10V rotates, as shown in FIGS. 9 (A) and 9 (B), the sweeping member 18 forms a gap 18S formed between the side wall 40A of the mortar 40 and the pestle body 15 of the pestle 10V. pass. Then, the sweep member 18 sweeps the crushing object accumulated in the gap 18S from the gap 18S. According to the present embodiment, by attaching the sweeping member 18 to the overhanging portion 16, it becomes difficult for the crushing object to collect in the gap 18 </ b> S between the side wall 40 </ b> A of the mortar 40 and the pestle 10 </ b> V. It is possible to reduce crushing residue.

[Other Embodiments]
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment. For example, the embodiments described below are also included in the technical scope of the present invention, and various modifications are possible within the scope of the invention other than the following. It can be changed and implemented.

  (1) In the above embodiment, the planar shape of the pestle body 15 of the pestle 10, 10V is an elliptical shape (see FIG. 10 (A)) or a dumbbell shape (see FIG. 10 (B) )) Or a star shape (see FIG. 10C) that projects radially from the rotation axis of the pestle 10, 10V. In the latter case, the plurality of overhang portions 16 are preferably arranged at equal intervals in the rotation direction of the pestle 10, 10V.

  (2) In the above embodiment, the two pestles 10 and 10 (in the second embodiment, the pestles 10V and 10V) are configured to rotate in the same direction, but may be configured to rotate in opposite directions. According to this configuration, the object to be crushed can be easily caught between the two pestles 10 and 10, and the crushing efficiency can be increased.

  (3) In the crushing apparatus 50 of the said embodiment, it is good also as a structure provided with three or more pestle 10 more than one. In this case, the three or more pestles 10 may all rotate in the same direction, or some pestles 10 and the remaining pestles 10 may rotate in opposite directions. In the example shown in FIGS. 11 (A) and 11 (B), each pestle 10 has three overhang portions 16 arranged at intervals of 120 degrees around the rotation axis, and the three pestles 10 have It is arranged in a straight line. In the example of FIG. 11A, all three pestles 10 rotate in the same direction, and in the example shown in FIG. Rotate to. Moreover, in the example shown in FIG. 11, the three pestle 10 is arrange | positioned at equal intervals around the center fixed shaft 55 (refer FIG. 2).

  (4) In the said embodiment, the drive source which rotates the mortar 40 and the drive source which rotates the pestle 10 may be provided separately. In this case, the driving source for rotating the two pestles 10 may be common or may be different. If the drive source for rotating the two pestles 10 is made common, it becomes easy to keep the rotational phase shift between the two pestles 10 constant.

  (5) In the said embodiment, although the mortar 40 was the structure rotated, the structure to which the mortar 40 is fixed may be sufficient. In this case, the pestle 10 rotates around the central axis 11 </ b> J of the rotating sleeve 11 while turning around the central fixed shaft 55. That is, the pestle 10 rotates while revolving around the center fixed shaft 55.

10, 10 V Pestle 11 Rotating sleeve 16 Overhang portion 17 Escape portion 18 Sweep member 30 Rotation drive source (drive portion)
40 Mortar 50 Crushing device

Claims (6)

A pestle that rotates in a mortar around a rotation axis extending in the vertical direction,
A plurality of projecting portions projecting in the rotational radius direction and capable of being in surface contact with the bottom wall in the mortar are provided with being shifted around the rotational axis,
Positioned next to each other when the plurality of pestles are arranged side by side in the mortar between the overhanging parts adjacent to each other in the rotation direction of the pestle, recessed toward the rotation axis with respect to the overhanging part. A pestle provided with an escape portion that avoids interference with the overhanging portion of the pestle. The plurality of overhang portions are arranged at equal intervals in the rotation direction of the pestle,
The pestle according to claim 1, wherein the amount of protrusion from the rotation shaft is the same between the plurality of protrusions.   3. The pestle according to claim 2, wherein only one pair of the overhang portions is provided, and the pair of overhang portions are arranged in a straight line so that the overhang directions from the rotation shaft are opposite to each other.   A sweeping member for sweeping the crushing object accumulated in the gap between the side wall of the mortar and the pestle from the gap is detachable at the end of the overhanging portion that is far from the rotating shaft. The pestle according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the pestle is attached to the pestle. A crushing device comprising at least one pair of the pestle according to any one of claims 1 to 4 in the mortar and a drive unit for rotating the pestle about the rotation axis,
The pair of pestle is arranged so that the interval between the rotation axes is less than twice the rotation radius of the pestle,
The driving unit is a crushing device that rotates the pair of pestles such that the protruding portion of the other pestle is received by the escape part of one of the pestle of the pair of pestle. The drive unit is
A rotational drive source for rotating the mortar,
A planetary mechanism having a solar rotating body that rotates integrally with the mortar, and a plurality of planetary rotating bodies that rotate integrally with the plurality of the pestle,
The crushing apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the mortar and the plurality of pestles are rotated in the same direction.

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