JP2018082643A - Alcoholic beverage - Google Patents

Alcoholic beverage Download PDF

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JP2018082643A
JP2018082643A JP2016226742A JP2016226742A JP2018082643A JP 2018082643 A JP2018082643 A JP 2018082643A JP 2016226742 A JP2016226742 A JP 2016226742A JP 2016226742 A JP2016226742 A JP 2016226742A JP 2018082643 A JP2018082643 A JP 2018082643A
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mass
taste
alcoholic beverage
saccharified
saccharified product
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直 鎌田
Sunao Kamata
直 鎌田
亮平 福本
Ryohei Fukumoto
亮平 福本
翔太 牧
Shota Maki
翔太 牧
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Gun Ei Chemical Industry Co Ltd
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Gun Ei Chemical Industry Co Ltd
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an alcoholic beverage that can be reduced in its sugar content without impairing its taste.SOLUTION: An alcoholic beverage contains a saccharified product obtained by the enzymatic reaction of grain, distilled liquor, and water.SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

本発明はアルコール飲料に関する。   The present invention relates to an alcoholic beverage.

アルミニウム容器等に入ったすぐに飲める(RTD:レディ・トゥ・ドリンク)飲料として、焼酎やウォッカのような蒸留酒と、コーラ、辛口ジンジャーエール、トニックウォーターのような清涼飲料とを混合したアルコール飲料は人気が高い(例えば、特許文献1)。   Alcoholic beverages that mix distilled spirits such as shochu and vodka with soft drinks such as cola, dry ginger ale, and tonic water as ready-to-drink (RTD: ready-to-drink) beverages in aluminum containers Is very popular (for example, Patent Document 1).

特開2016−026476号公報Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2006-026476

近年、健康に対する意識が高まり、食品における低カロリー化や低糖質化した製品の開発が望まれている。こうした観点からRTDのアルコール飲料においても糖類の含有量を減らし、低カロリー化、低糖質化することが望まれる。糖類の含有量を減らす方法として、例えば、アスパルテーム、ステビア等の高甘味度甘味料を用いることも考えられるが、美味しさの点で不満がある。
本発明は、美味しさを損なわずに糖類の含有量を低減できるアルコール飲料の提供を課題とする。
In recent years, awareness of health has increased, and the development of products with reduced calories and sugar in foods is desired. From this point of view, it is desired to reduce the content of saccharides in RTD alcoholic beverages to reduce calories and carbohydrates. As a method for reducing the content of saccharides, for example, it is conceivable to use a high-intensity sweetener such as aspartame or stevia, but it is unsatisfactory in terms of taste.
This invention makes it a subject to provide the alcoholic beverage which can reduce content of saccharide | sugar, without impairing deliciousness.

本発明は以下の態様を有する。
[1]穀物の酵素反応による糖化物と、蒸留酒と、水とを含むアルコール飲料。
[2]前記穀物が、いも類または穀類である、[1]に記載のアルコール飲料。
[3]前記糖化物の乾燥固形分の含有量が、アルコール飲料100mLに対して、0.1〜10gである、[1]又は[2]に記載のアルコール飲料。
[4]前記糖化物以外の糖類を含む、[1]〜[3]のいずれかに記載のアルコール飲料。
The present invention has the following aspects.
[1] An alcoholic beverage containing a saccharified product of a grain enzyme reaction, distilled liquor, and water.
[2] The alcoholic beverage according to [1], wherein the cereal is potato or cereal.
[3] The alcoholic beverage according to [1] or [2], wherein the dry solid content of the saccharified product is 0.1 to 10 g with respect to 100 mL of the alcoholic beverage.
[4] The alcoholic beverage according to any one of [1] to [3], including saccharides other than the saccharified product.

本発明のアルコール飲料は、美味しさを損なわずに糖類の含有量を低減できる。   The alcoholic beverage of the present invention can reduce the saccharide content without impairing the taste.

<測定方法>
本発明においては以下の測定方法で得られた値を用いる。
[乾燥固形分]
乾燥固形分の質量は常圧加熱乾燥法(直接法)により測定した値である。加熱乾燥条件は135℃、1時間とする。
[水分の含有量]
乾燥固形分を測定後、水分量(単位:質量%)=(試料質量−乾燥固形分の質量)/試料質量×100として算出した。
[糖組成(グルコース、およびマルトース・イソマルトース合計の各含有量)]
高速液体クロマトグラフィー(HPLC)により糖を分離し、屈折率検出器を用いて定量する方法で糖組成を測定した。
具体的に、実施例においては、屈折計(製品名:2414示差屈折率(RI)検出器、Waters社製)を備えたHPLCシステム(製品名:Alliance 、Waters社製)にHPLC用カラム(製品名:Ultron PS−80N、島津GLC社製、サイズ:300mm×8.0mm)を接続し、純水を移動相として、カラム温度60℃、流速0.6mL/分、試料注入量10μLで糖組成の測定を行った。
[アミノ酸の含有量]
全アミノ酸の定量法の1つであるホルモール滴定法により、アミノ酸度を測定し、これに定数をかけてグリシン量として算出した(第四回改正国税庁所定分析法注解P23、注解編集委員会編、日本醸造協会発行)。
<Measurement method>
In the present invention, values obtained by the following measuring methods are used.
[Dry solid content]
The mass of the dry solid content is a value measured by a normal pressure heating drying method (direct method). The heating and drying conditions are 135 ° C. and 1 hour.
[Moisture content]
After measuring the dry solid content, the water content (unit: mass%) = (sample mass−mass of dry solid content) / sample mass × 100 was calculated.
[Sugar composition (glucose and each content of maltose and isomaltose)]
The sugar composition was measured by a method in which sugar was separated by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and quantified using a refractive index detector.
Specifically, in the examples, an HPLC column (product: product made by Alliance, Waters) equipped with a refractometer (product name: 2414 differential refractive index (RI) detector, made by Waters) was used. Name: Ultra PS-80N, manufactured by Shimadzu GLC, size: 300 mm × 8.0 mm), using pure water as mobile phase, column temperature 60 ° C., flow rate 0.6 mL / min, sample injection volume 10 μL, sugar composition Was measured.
[Amino acid content]
The amino acid degree was measured by the formol titration method, which is one of the quantification methods of all amino acids, and the glycine amount was calculated by multiplying the amino acid degree by a constant (the fourth revision of the National Tax Agency Prescriptive Analytical Method Comment P23, Comment Editorial Board, Published by Japan Brewing Association).

<アルコール飲料>
本発明のアルコール飲料は、穀物の酵素反応による糖化物と、蒸留酒と、水とを含む。水は炭酸水でもよい。炭酸水を用いる場合、アルコール飲料の炭酸ガス内圧力は0.1〜8.0kg/cmが好ましく、0.2〜5.0kg/cmがより好ましい。
蒸留酒の例としては、焼酎、ウォッカ、ウィスキー、バーボン、ジン、ラム、ブランデー等が挙げられる。
<Alcoholic beverage>
The alcoholic beverage of the present invention contains a saccharified product of a grain enzyme reaction, distilled liquor, and water. The water may be carbonated water. When using carbonated water, carbon dioxide within a pressure of alcoholic beverage is preferably 0.1~8.0kg / cm 2, 0.2~5.0kg / cm 2 is more preferable.
Examples of distilled liquor include shochu, vodka, whiskey, bourbon, gin, rum, brandy and the like.

[糖化物]
糖化物は穀物を酵素反応により分解して得られるものである。
穀物は、でん粉およびたんぱく質を含むものが用いられる。いも類または穀類が好ましい。
酵素反応に供される穀物は、収穫された穀類、いも類をそのまま、または前処理(搗精、精麦、洗浄、粉砕等)したものであり、でん粉およびたんぱく質が含まれている。穀類とは、イネ科、マメ科、タデ科、アカザ科、ヒユ科植物の種子を指し、いも類とはナス科、ヒルガオ科、トウダイグサ科、サトイモ科、ヤマノイモ科植物の塊茎、塊根などの肥大した地下部を指すが、でん粉、たんぱく質を含んでいれば特にこだわるものでない。なお、例えばとうもろこしでん粉、じゃがいもでん粉など、たんぱく質の含有量が0.15質量%未満に精製された加工品は、糖化物の原料である「穀類、いも類」には含まれない。
穀類として、例えば米、大麦、小麦、トウモロコシ、小豆等が挙げられ、いも類としてサツマイモ、ジャガイモ、キャッサバ等が挙げられる。
糖化物の原料である穀物は1種でもよく、2種以上でもよい。
酵素反応に供される穀物は、全乾燥固形分に対して、でん粉を20〜90質量%含み、かつたんぱく質を1〜50質量%含むものが好ましく、でん粉を30〜85質量%含み、かつたんぱく質を3〜20質量%含むものがより好ましい。
[Saccharified product]
A saccharified product is obtained by degrading cereal grains by an enzymatic reaction.
Grains containing starch and protein are used. Potatoes or cereals are preferred.
Grains subjected to the enzyme reaction are harvested cereals and potatoes as they are or after pretreatment (milling, wheat, washing, pulverization, etc.), and contain starch and protein. Cereals refer to the seeds of Gramineae, Leguminosae, Rubiaceae, Rubiaceae, Amaranthaceae plants, and potatoes are hypertrophic such as eggplants, convolvulaceae, euphorbiaceae, taroceae, yam plant, tuberous roots, etc. It refers to the underground part, but it does not matter if it contains starch or protein. For example, processed products such as corn starch and potato starch that have been refined to a protein content of less than 0.15% by mass are not included in “cereals and potatoes” that are raw materials for saccharified products.
Examples of cereals include rice, barley, wheat, corn, and red beans, and examples of potatoes include sweet potato, potato, and cassava.
There may be one kind of grain as a raw material for the saccharified product, or two or more kinds.
The grain subjected to the enzyme reaction preferably contains 20 to 90% by mass of starch and 1 to 50% by mass of protein, and contains 30 to 85% by mass of starch and protein, based on the total dry solid content. More preferably 3 to 20% by mass.

酵素反応は、少なくとも糖化酵素を用いて行う。液化酵素と糖化酵素を用いてもよい。さらにたんぱく質分解酵素を用いてもよい。酵素反応を行う酵素は、穀物に予め含まれている内在酵素でもよく、反応に先立ち新たに添加されたものでもよく、これらの両方でもよい。
穀物の酵素反応により糖化物を製造する方法は、公知の手法を用いて行うことができる。具体的には、穀物の粉砕物に水を加え、酵素を添加し、酵素反応による加水分解処理を行って糖化物を得る。
例えば、酵素としてまず液化酵素を添加し反応温度に加熱して液化を行い、次に糖化酵素および必要に応じてたんぱく質分解酵素を作用させて、糖化およびたんぱく質の加水分解処理を行うことによって糖化液が得られる。
液化酵素としては、αアミラーゼが好ましい。
糖化酵素としては、βアミラーゼ、αグルコシダーゼ、グルコアミラーゼ、CGTaseを用いることができるが、よりグルコース、マルトースの組成比を上げるには枝切り酵素を作用させたほうがよく、プルラナーゼ、イソアミラーゼ等を用いることができる。
また、イソメラーゼを使用して異性化反応を行い、フルクトース等にすることもできる。
たんぱく質分解酵素としては、exo型、endo型、およびその両方を用いることができる。
The enzymatic reaction is performed using at least a saccharifying enzyme. A liquefying enzyme and a saccharifying enzyme may be used. Further, a proteolytic enzyme may be used. The enzyme that performs the enzyme reaction may be an endogenous enzyme contained in the grain in advance, or may be newly added prior to the reaction, or both of them.
A method for producing a saccharified product by an enzyme reaction of cereal can be performed using a known method. Specifically, water is added to the pulverized cereal, an enzyme is added, and hydrolysis is performed by an enzymatic reaction to obtain a saccharified product.
For example, a saccharified solution is prepared by first adding a liquefied enzyme as an enzyme and heating it to the reaction temperature for liquefaction, and then allowing the saccharifying enzyme and, if necessary, a proteolytic enzyme to act on the saccharification and hydrolysis of the protein. Is obtained.
As the liquefying enzyme, α-amylase is preferable.
Β-amylase, α-glucosidase, glucoamylase, CGTase can be used as the saccharifying enzyme, but it is better to use a debranching enzyme to increase the composition ratio of glucose and maltose, and pullulanase, isoamylase, etc. are used. be able to.
Further, isomerization can be performed using isomerase to obtain fructose or the like.
As the proteolytic enzyme, exo type, endo type, or both can be used.

得られた糖化液を、ろ過または遠心分離等を行い糖化液中に残留する不溶分(繊維等)を除去することによって液状糖化物が得られる。得られた液状糖化物を例えば、噴霧乾燥、凍結乾燥等による乾燥処理を行い粉末状糖化物としてもよい。
液状糖化物である場合、ブリックス(Brix、以下「Bx」と略記する。)は、30〜90%が好ましく、60〜85%がより好ましい。該Bxが前記範囲の下限値以上であると充分な甘味が感じられ、上限値以下であるとハンドリング性が良好である。また、60%以上であれば、微生物の汚染リスクが低減される。
Bxは、可溶性固形分の質量%濃度を示し、糖度計を用いて屈折率法により測定されるショ糖を基準とした測定値である。
The obtained saccharified solution is filtered or centrifuged to remove insoluble matters (fibers and the like) remaining in the saccharified solution, thereby obtaining a liquid saccharified product. The obtained liquid saccharified product may be subjected to a drying treatment such as spray drying or freeze drying to obtain a powdered saccharified product.
In the case of a liquid saccharified product, Brix (hereinafter abbreviated as “Bx”) is preferably 30 to 90%, more preferably 60 to 85%. When the Bx is not less than the lower limit of the above range, sufficient sweetness is felt, and when it is not more than the upper limit, the handleability is good. Moreover, if it is 60% or more, the contamination risk of microorganisms will be reduced.
Bx represents a mass% concentration of the soluble solid content, and is a measurement value based on sucrose measured by a refractive index method using a saccharimeter.

糖化物は穀物のでん粉に由来する糖を含む。でん粉は酵素反応により加水分解され、最終的には単糖であるグルコースにまで分解することができるが、分解処理条件(使用する酵素の種類、処理時間等)によって、グルコース以外の糖類(マルトース、イソマルトース等の二糖類;マルトトリオース、パノース等の三糖類;マルトテトラオース等の、四糖類以上の糖類など)を含む混合物が得られる。
糖化物は2種以上の糖を含む混合物であってもよい。糖化物は、全乾燥固形分に対して、グルコースが1〜90質量%、かつマルトース及びイソマルトースの合計が10〜80質量%であることが好ましく、グルコースが5〜70質量%、かつマルトース及びイソマルトースの合計が15〜65質量%であることがより好ましく、グルコースが10〜50質量%、かつマルトース及びイソマルトースの合計が25〜50質量%であることがさらに好ましい。
糖化物の全乾燥固形分に対して、グルコースとマルトースとイソマルトースの合計が30〜90質量%であることが好ましく、40〜85質量%がより好ましく、50〜80質量%がさらに好ましい。
Saccharified products contain sugars derived from cereal starches. Starch is hydrolyzed by an enzymatic reaction and can eventually be broken down to glucose, which is a simple sugar. However, depending on the decomposition treatment conditions (type of enzyme used, treatment time, etc.), sugars other than glucose (maltose, A mixture containing a disaccharide such as isomaltose; a trisaccharide such as maltotriose and panose; a saccharide of tetrasaccharide or higher such as maltotetraose) is obtained.
The saccharified product may be a mixture containing two or more sugars. The saccharified product is preferably 1 to 90% by weight of glucose and 10 to 80% by weight of the total of maltose and isomaltose, 5 to 70% by weight of glucose, and maltose and to the total dry solid content. More preferably, the total of isomaltose is 15 to 65% by mass, glucose is 10 to 50% by mass, and the total of maltose and isomaltose is 25 to 50% by mass.
The total of glucose, maltose and isomaltose is preferably 30 to 90% by mass, more preferably 40 to 85% by mass, and even more preferably 50 to 80% by mass with respect to the total dry solid content of the saccharified product.

糖化物は穀物のたんぱく質に由来するアミノ酸を含むことが好ましい。たんぱく質は予め穀物に含まれるたんぱく質分解酵素、または反応前に添加されたたんぱく質分解酵素によって加水分解されて、最終的にはアミノ酸まで分解することができるが、分解処理条件(使用する酵素の種類、処理時間等)によって、ペプチドとアミノ酸の混合物が得られる。
糖化物は、全乾燥固形分に対して、アミノ酸を0.01〜10質量%含むことが好ましく、0.05〜5質量%含むことがより好ましく、0.1〜1.5質量%含むことがより好ましい。
The saccharified product preferably contains an amino acid derived from a cereal protein. Proteins can be hydrolyzed by proteolytic enzymes contained in the grain in advance, or proteolytic enzymes added before the reaction, and finally decomposed to amino acids, but the degradation conditions (type of enzyme used, Depending on the processing time etc., a mixture of peptides and amino acids is obtained.
The saccharified product preferably contains 0.01 to 10% by mass of amino acids, more preferably 0.05 to 5% by mass, and more preferably 0.1 to 1.5% by mass with respect to the total dry solid content. Is more preferable.

[糖類]
本発明のアルコール飲料は、前記糖化物以外の糖類を含んでもよい。例えば、でん粉糖(グルコース、異性化糖、フルクトース、水あめ、粉あめ、イソマルトオリゴ糖等)、砂糖類(砂糖、黒糖等)、乳糖、オリゴ糖類(フラクトオリゴ糖、大豆オリゴ糖等)、糖アルコール(ソルビトール、エリスリトール糖)が挙げられる。これらは1種を用いてもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。
でん粉糖は、たんぱく質の含有量が0.15質量%未満である精製でん粉を、酸あるいは酵素を用いて加水分解して得られる糖である。異性化糖は、精製でん粉から得られたグルコースの一部を果糖に異性化したものであり、例えば果糖ブドウ糖液糖は甘味が強い点で好ましい。
[Sugar]
The alcoholic beverage of the present invention may contain a saccharide other than the saccharified product. For example, starch sugar (glucose, isomerized sugar, fructose, syrup, powdered candy, isomalto-oligosaccharide, etc.), sugars (sugar, brown sugar, etc.), lactose, oligosaccharide (fructo-oligosaccharide, soybean oligosaccharide, etc.), sugar alcohol ( Sorbitol, erythritol sugar). These may use 1 type and may use 2 or more types together.
Starch sugar is a sugar obtained by hydrolyzing purified starch having a protein content of less than 0.15% by mass using an acid or an enzyme. The isomerized sugar is obtained by isomerizing a part of glucose obtained from the purified starch into fructose. For example, fructose glucose liquid sugar is preferable in terms of its strong sweetness.

[その他の成分]
本発明のアルコール飲料は、上記に挙げた各成分以外のその他の成分を、本発明の効果を損なわない範囲で含有することができる。
その他の成分の例としては、果汁、カフェイン等の機能性成分、苦味量、酸味料、pH調整剤、香料等の添加物等が挙げられる。
[Other ingredients]
The alcoholic beverage of this invention can contain other components other than each component mentioned above in the range which does not impair the effect of this invention.
Examples of other components include functional components such as fruit juice and caffeine, bitterness, acidulant, pH adjuster, and flavoring additives.

[含有量]
本発明のアルコール飲料は、炭酸水等の水と、蒸留酒と、糖化物と、必要に応じた糖類および/またはその他の成分とを混合して得られる。
アルコール飲料のアルコール濃度は1〜15体積%(v/v%)が好ましく、2〜7体積%がより好ましい。アルコール濃度は蒸留酒および水の含有量で調整できる。
アルコール飲料100mLに対して、糖化物の乾燥固形分の含有量は0.1〜10gが好ましく、0.5〜5gがより好ましい。糖化物の含有量が上記範囲の下限値以上であると十分なコクが感じられ、上限値以下であると甘すぎない。
糖化物以外の糖類は必須ではないが、糖類を添加することにより好ましい甘味を付与することができる。健康意識に応える点では糖類の含有量は少ない方が好ましい。糖類を添加する場合は、アルコール飲料100mLに対して、糖類の乾燥固形分の含有量が50g以下であることが好ましく、30g以下がより好ましく、20g以下がさらに好ましく、10g以下が特に好ましい。
その他の成分の添加量は適宜調整すればよい。
[Content]
The alcoholic beverage of the present invention is obtained by mixing water such as carbonated water, distilled liquor, saccharified product, and sugars and / or other components as required.
The alcohol concentration of the alcoholic beverage is preferably 1 to 15% by volume (v / v%), more preferably 2 to 7% by volume. The alcohol concentration can be adjusted by the content of distilled liquor and water.
The content of the dry solid content of the saccharified product is preferably 0.1 to 10 g, more preferably 0.5 to 5 g with respect to 100 mL of the alcoholic beverage. When the content of the saccharified product is not less than the lower limit of the above range, sufficient richness is felt, and when it is not more than the upper limit, it is not too sweet.
Saccharides other than saccharified products are not essential, but preferred sweetness can be imparted by adding saccharides. In terms of responding to health consciousness, it is preferable that the saccharide content is low. When adding saccharide | sugar, it is preferable that content of the dry solid content of saccharide | sugar is 50 g or less with respect to 100 mL of alcoholic beverages, 30 g or less is more preferable, 20 g or less is further more preferable, 10 g or less is especially preferable.
What is necessary is just to adjust the addition amount of another component suitably.

後述の実施例に示されるように、アルコール飲料に穀物の糖化物を含有させることにより、該糖化物の代わりに同量の果糖ブドウ糖液糖を含有させた場合よりも甘味が強く感じられる。また穀物の糖化物を添加することにより旨味やコクが増すため、美味しさが向上する。したがって本発明によれば、アルコール飲料の美味しさを向上させながら糖類の含有量を低減することができる。   As shown in the Examples described later, by containing a glycated product of cereal in an alcoholic beverage, sweetness is felt stronger than when the same amount of fructose-glucose liquid sugar is contained instead of the saccharified product. Moreover, since the umami and richness increase by adding the saccharified material of a grain, deliciousness improves. Therefore, according to this invention, content of saccharides can be reduced, improving the deliciousness of alcoholic beverages.

以下に実施例を用いて本発明をさらに詳しく説明するが、本発明はこれら実施例に限定されるものではない。
(製造例1:糖化物Aの製造)
穀物としてサツマイモ粉砕物(水分4.5質量%)を用いた。
サツマイモ粉砕物と純水を1:4の質量比にて混合し、水酸化カルシウムを加えてpH(20℃)を6.3に調整した後、αアミラーゼ(力価13,100LJ/g、測定法JIS K7001−1990。以下、同様。)を0.04質量%添加した。その後、90℃に昇温し、温度を保ちながら1時間反応させた。次にオートクレーブで121℃、15分間の加熱処理を行い、αアミラーゼを失活させたものを液化液とした。
該液化液にβアミラーゼ(10,000unit/g;1unitはpH5.5、40℃で1分間に可溶性でん粉からマルトース1μmolに相当する還元力の増加をもたらす酵素量とする。以下、同様。)を0.04質量%、およびプロテアーゼ(90,000unit/g;1unitはpH6.0、30℃で1分間にカゼインからチロシン1μg相当のフォリン試液呈色物質の増加をもたらす酵素量とする。以下、同様。)を0.04質量%添加し、60℃で14時間反応させた。さらに、グルコアミラーゼ(32,000unit/g;1unitはpH4.5、40℃で30分間にアミロースから1mgのグルコースを生成する酵素量とする)を0.02質量%添加し、60℃で6時間反応させた。その後、80℃に昇温し、添加酵素を失活させたものを糖化液とした。該糖化液を、ろ紙(東洋濾紙社製、No.2)上に濾過助剤として珪藻土をコートしたヌッチエに吸引しながら通液してろ過した。得られたろ過液を更にメンブレンフィルター(東洋濾紙社製、孔径5.0μm)でろ過した後、エバポレーターにてBx約76%となるまで濃縮して液状の糖化物Aを得た。糖化物Aの乾燥固形分は75.7質量%であった。糖化物Aの全乾燥固形分に対して、グルコースの含有量は46.2質量%、マルトース及びイソマルトースの合計の含有量は30.8質量%、アミノ酸の含有量は0.7質量%であった。
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail using examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
(Production Example 1: Production of saccharified product A)
A sweet potato pulverized product (water content: 4.5% by mass) was used as the cereal.
Sweet potato pulverized product and pure water are mixed at a mass ratio of 1: 4, and after adding calcium hydroxide to adjust pH (20 ° C.) to 6.3, α-amylase (titer 13,100 LJ / g, measurement) Method JIS K7001-1990. The same applies hereinafter.) 0.04% by mass was added. Then, it heated up at 90 degreeC and made it react for 1 hour, keeping temperature. Next, a heat treatment was performed at 121 ° C. for 15 minutes in an autoclave to inactivate α-amylase to obtain a liquefied liquid.
Β-amylase (10,000 units / g; 1 unit is an enzyme amount that causes an increase in reducing power corresponding to 1 μmol of maltose from soluble starch in 1 minute at pH 5.5 and 40 ° C. in the liquefied solution. The same applies hereinafter). 0.04% by mass, and protease (90,000 units / g; 1 unit is defined as the amount of enzyme that causes an increase in color of a forin test solution colorant equivalent to 1 μg of tyrosine from casein at pH 6.0 and 30 ° C. for 1 minute. 0.04% by mass was added and reacted at 60 ° C. for 14 hours. Furthermore, 0.02% by mass of glucoamylase (32,000 units / g; 1 unit is pH 4.5, the amount of enzyme that produces 1 mg of glucose from amylose for 30 minutes at 40 ° C.) was added, and 60 ° C. for 6 hours. Reacted. Thereafter, the temperature was raised to 80 ° C., and the saccharified solution was obtained by inactivating the added enzyme. The saccharified solution was filtered through a filter paper (No. 2 manufactured by Toyo Roshi Kaisha Co., Ltd.) while sucking it through Nutsie coated with diatomaceous earth as a filter aid. The obtained filtrate was further filtered through a membrane filter (manufactured by Toyo Roshi Kaisha, pore size 5.0 μm), and then concentrated to about 76% Bx with an evaporator to obtain a liquid saccharified product A. The dry solid content of saccharified product A was 75.7% by mass. Based on the total dry solid content of saccharified product A, the glucose content is 46.2% by mass, the total content of maltose and isomaltose is 30.8% by mass, and the amino acid content is 0.7% by mass. there were.

(製造例2:糖化物Bの製造)
穀物として米粉砕物(水分11.1質量%)を用いた。
米粉砕物と純水を1:4の質量比で混合し、水酸化カルシウムを加えてpH(20℃)を6.3に調整した後、αアミラーゼ(力価13,100LJ/g)を0.07質量%添加した。その後、90℃に昇温し、温度を保ちながら1時間反応させた。次にオートクレーブで121℃、15分間の加熱処理を行い、αアミラーゼを失活させたものを液化液とした。
該液化液にβアミラーゼ(10,000unit/g)を0.01質量%、プルラナーゼ(3,000unit/g;1unitはpH6.0、40℃で1分間に1μmolのグルコースに相当する還元力の増加をもたらす酵素量とする。)を0.003質量%、およびプロテアーゼ(90,000unit/g)を0.04質量%添加し、60℃で24時間反応させた後、80℃昇温により添加酵素を失活させたものを糖化液とした。
該糖化液を遠心分離して得られた清澄液を、ろ紙(東洋濾紙社製、No.2)上に濾過助剤として珪藻土をコートしたヌッチエに吸引しながら通液してろ過した。得られたろ過液を更にメンブレンフィルター(東洋濾紙社製、孔径5.0μm)でろ過した後、エバポレーターにてBx約75%となるまで濃縮して液状の糖化物Bを得た。糖化物Bの乾燥固形分は75.5質量%であった。糖化物Bの全乾燥固形分に対して、グルコースの含有量は13.3質量%、マルトース及びイソマルトースの合計の含有量は40.5質量%、アミノ酸の含有量は1.1質量%であった。
(Production Example 2: Production of saccharified product B)
The pulverized rice (moisture content: 11.1% by mass) was used as the cereal.
After pulverized rice and pure water were mixed at a mass ratio of 1: 4, calcium hydroxide was added to adjust pH (20 ° C.) to 6.3, and α-amylase (titer 13,100 LJ / g) was reduced to 0. 0.07% by mass was added. Then, it heated up at 90 degreeC and made it react for 1 hour, keeping temperature. Next, a heat treatment was performed at 121 ° C. for 15 minutes in an autoclave to inactivate α-amylase to obtain a liquefied liquid.
Β amylase (10,000 units / g) in the liquefied solution was 0.01% by mass, pullulanase (3,000 units / g; 1 unit was pH 6.0, and an increase in reducing power corresponding to 1 μmol of glucose per minute at 40 ° C. Is added at 0.003 mass% and protease (90,000 units / g) is added at 0.04 mass%, reacted at 60 ° C. for 24 hours, and then heated at 80 ° C. for added enzyme. The saccharified solution was obtained by inactivating
The clarified liquid obtained by centrifuging the saccharified liquid was filtered through a filter paper (No. 2 manufactured by Toyo Roshi Kaisha Co., Ltd.) while sucking it through a Nuccie coated with diatomaceous earth as a filter aid. The obtained filtrate was further filtered through a membrane filter (manufactured by Toyo Roshi Kaisha Co., Ltd., pore size: 5.0 μm) and then concentrated to about 75% Bx with an evaporator to obtain a liquid saccharified product B. The dry solid content of the saccharified product B was 75.5% by mass. With respect to the total dry solid content of saccharified product B, the content of glucose is 13.3% by mass, the total content of maltose and isomaltose is 40.5% by mass, and the content of amino acids is 1.1% by mass. there were.

(例1〜10:アルコール飲料の製造)
製造例1、2で得られた糖化物A、Bおよび下記の原料を用いた。
[蒸留酒]
・ウォッカ(ギルビー社製、製品名「ギルビーウォッカ」、アルコール濃度37.5体積%)。
・焼酎(宝酒造社製、製品名「宝焼酎25度」、アルコール濃度25体積%)。
[糖化物以外の糖類]
・果糖ブドウ糖液糖(群栄化学工業社製、乾燥固形分76.5質量%)。
[水]
・炭酸水(日本サンガリアベバレッジカンパニー社製、製品名「伊賀の天然水炭酸水」)。
[その他の成分]
・レモン果汁(ポッカサッポロフード&ビバレッジ社製、製品名「お酒にプラス レモン」)。
(Examples 1-10: Production of alcoholic beverages)
The saccharified products A and B obtained in Production Examples 1 and 2 and the following raw materials were used.
[Distilled liquor]
・ Vodka (manufactured by Gilby, product name “Gilby vodka”, alcohol concentration 37.5% by volume).
・ Shochu (manufactured by Takara Shuzo Co., Ltd., product name “Treasure Shochu 25 degrees”, alcohol concentration 25% by volume).
[Sugars other than saccharified products]
Fructose glucose liquid sugar (manufactured by Gunei Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., dry solid content 76.5% by mass).
[water]
・ Carbonated water (manufactured by Nippon Sanga Beverage Company, product name “natural water carbonated water from Iga”).
[Other ingredients]
・ Lemon juice (produced by Pokka Sapporo Food & Beverage, product name “Liquor plus lemon”).

表1に示す配合で、蒸留酒、糖化物、果糖ブドウ糖液糖、レモン果汁、および全体が200mLとなる量の炭酸水を混合してアルコール飲料を製造した。例1と例8は糖化物を用いない比較例である。
例1〜7のアルコール飲料のアルコール濃度は4.1体積%、例8〜10のアルコール飲料のアルコール濃度は2.7体積%である。
各例で得られたアルコール飲料について、下記の方法で官能評価と味認識装置による測定を行った。結果を表1に示す。
In the formulation shown in Table 1, distilled liquor, saccharified product, fructose glucose liquid sugar, lemon juice, and carbonated water in an amount of 200 mL in total were mixed to produce an alcoholic beverage. Examples 1 and 8 are comparative examples using no saccharified product.
The alcohol concentration of the alcoholic beverages of Examples 1 to 7 is 4.1% by volume, and the alcoholic concentration of the alcoholic beverages of Examples 8 to 10 is 2.7% by volume.
About the alcoholic beverage obtained in each case, sensory evaluation and the measurement by a taste recognition apparatus were performed by the following method. The results are shown in Table 1.

<官能評価>
アルコール飲料(4℃)を4名のパネラーが試飲し、酸味、甘味、コク、およびアルコール感(刺激感)の強さについて、それぞれ1点〜5点の5段階で評価した。点数が高いほど風味が強いことを示す。4名の点数の平均値を評価結果として表1に示す。なお、例2のアルコール感は1名が未回答であったため3名の平均値とした。
<Sensory evaluation>
Four panelists sampled alcoholic beverages (4 ° C.) and evaluated the acidity, sweetness, richness, and strength of alcohol feeling (irritant feeling) in 5 levels of 1 to 5 points, respectively. The higher the score, the stronger the flavor. Table 1 shows the average values of the scores of the four people as evaluation results. In addition, since the alcohol feeling of Example 2 was not answered by 1 person, it was set as the average value of 3 persons.

<味認識装置による測定>
味認識装置(インテリジェントセンサーテクノロジー社製、製品名「TS−5000Z」)を用いて、アルコール飲料(常温)をサンプル液として、酸味、苦味雑味(コク味)、旨味、および旨味コクをそれぞれ評価した。
味認識装置は、呈味物質に反応する脂質膜が装着された電極を備えた味覚センサーを有し、味覚センサーは酸味用、苦味用、旨味用など評価する呈味物質によって使い分けるようになっている。
具体的には、まず味覚センサーと参照電極とを基準液に浸漬し基準膜電位(Vr)を測定する。基準液は、唾液に相当する無味の溶液として、30mMのKClと0.3mMの酒石酸とを含む溶液を使用する。次に、サンプル液に前記味覚センサーと前記参照電極とを浸漬して膜電位(Vs)を測定する。VsとVrとの差(Vs−Vr)を先味の味覚評価データとして取得する。次いで、前記味覚センサーと前記参照電極を軽く洗浄して再度基準液に浸漬して膜電位(Vr’)を測定する。Vr’とVrとの差(Vr’−Vr)を後味の味覚評価データとして取得する。
取得した先味および後味の味覚評価データ(電位差の出力)のそれぞれに、呈味物質の濃度が1.2倍に変化するときの味覚評価データ(電位差の出力)の変化量が「1.0」になるように予め設定された変換係数を乗じて、先味および後味の測定値をそれぞれ得る。なお、ウェーバーの法則に基づけば、一般的に人間は1.2倍の濃度差で味の差を感じることができるとされている。
本例では、味認識装置に付属の酸味センサー(CA0)、一般用苦味センサー(C00)、および旨味センサー(AAE)を用いた。
酸味センサーにおける先味の測定値は酸味の強さ、一般用苦味センサーにおける先味の測定値は苦味雑味(コク味)の強さ、旨味センサーにおける先味の測定値は旨味の強さ、旨味センサーにおける後味の測定値は旨味コクの強さを表し、いずれも測定値が大きいほど味が強いことを示す。苦味雑味の評価は微量の苦味成分が隠し味として、味に深みとコクをもたらすことから「コク味」の評価となる。
表1に示す測定値は、例1で得られた測定値を基準値とし、各例の測定値から基準値を差し引いた値(測定値−基準値)である。
<Measurement by taste recognition device>
Using a taste recognition device (manufactured by Intelligent Sensor Technology, product name “TS-5000Z”), an alcoholic beverage (ordinary temperature) is used as a sample solution to evaluate sourness, bitter taste (kokumi), umami, and umami richness, respectively. did.
The taste recognition device has a taste sensor equipped with an electrode equipped with a lipid film that reacts with a taste substance, and the taste sensor is properly used depending on the taste substance to be evaluated, for acidity, bitterness, umami, etc. Yes.
Specifically, first, a taste sensor and a reference electrode are immersed in a standard solution, and a standard membrane potential (Vr) is measured. As the reference solution, a solution containing 30 mM KCl and 0.3 mM tartaric acid is used as a tasteless solution corresponding to saliva. Next, the membrane potential (Vs) is measured by immersing the taste sensor and the reference electrode in a sample solution. A difference (Vs−Vr) between Vs and Vr is acquired as taste taste evaluation data. Next, the taste sensor and the reference electrode are lightly washed and again immersed in a standard solution to measure the membrane potential (Vr ′). A difference (Vr′−Vr) between Vr ′ and Vr is acquired as taste evaluation data of aftertaste.
The amount of change in the taste evaluation data (potential difference output) when the concentration of the taste substance changes 1.2 times in each of the acquired taste and taste evaluation data (potential difference output) is “1.0. Multiply by a conversion coefficient set in advance so that “ In addition, based on Weber's law, it is generally said that humans can feel a difference in taste with a density difference of 1.2 times.
In this example, an acidity sensor (CA0), a general bitterness sensor (C00), and an umami sensor (AAE) attached to the taste recognition device were used.
The measured value of the taste in the sourness sensor is the strength of the sourness, the measured value of the taste in the general bitterness sensor is the strength of the bitter taste (kokumi), the measured value of the taste in the umami sensor is the strength of the taste, The measured value of the aftertaste in the umami sensor represents the strength of umami, and the greater the measured value, the stronger the taste. The evaluation of bitter taste is a “kokumi” evaluation because a slight amount of bitterness component is a hidden taste and brings depth and richness to the taste.
The measurement values shown in Table 1 are values obtained by subtracting the reference value from the measurement values of each example (measurement value−reference value), using the measurement value obtained in Example 1 as the reference value.

Figure 2018082643
Figure 2018082643

表1に示されるように、例1(ウォッカベースの比較例)における果糖ブドウ糖液糖の添加量を減らし、その代わりに糖化物Aを添加した例2〜4は、官能評価において例1よりも酸味が弱く、甘味が強く感じられた。また糖化物Aの添加量が増すほどコクが増し、アルコール感が低下する傾向が見られた。
例5〜7は、例1(ウォッカベースの比較例)における果糖ブドウ糖液糖の添加量を減らし、その代わりに糖化物Bを添加した例である。官能評価において例1よりも酸味が弱く、甘味が強く感じられた。例1よりもコクが増し、アルコール感が低下した。
また、例8(焼酎ベースの比較例)における果糖ブドウ糖液糖の添加量を減らし、その代わりに糖化物Aを添加した例9、および糖化物Bを添加した例10は、官能評価において例8よりも酸味が弱く、甘味が強く感じられた。また例8よりもコクが増し、アルコール感が低下した。
味認識装置による測定では、例2〜4、6、9、10のいずれも、例1よりも酸味が低下し、苦味雑味(コク味)、旨味および旨味コクが増した。例5、7は未測定である。
As shown in Table 1, Examples 2 to 4 in which the addition amount of fructose glucose liquid sugar in Example 1 (comparative example of vodka base) was reduced and saccharified product A was added instead were higher than in Example 1 in sensory evaluation. The acidity was weak and sweetness was felt strongly. Moreover, the richness increased as the amount of saccharified product A increased, and the tendency for alcohol feeling to decrease was observed.
Examples 5 to 7 are examples in which the addition amount of fructose glucose liquid sugar in Example 1 (comparative example of vodka base) was reduced and saccharified product B was added instead. In sensory evaluation, the acidity was weaker than in Example 1, and the sweetness was felt stronger. Richer than Example 1, the alcohol feeling decreased.
In addition, Example 9 in which the amount of fructose-glucose liquid sugar added in Example 8 (comparative example based on shochu) was reduced, and saccharified product A was added instead, and Example 10 in which saccharified product B was added were shown in Example 8 in sensory evaluation. The acidity was weaker and the sweetness felt stronger. In addition, the body was richer than Example 8, and the alcohol feeling was lowered.
In the measurement by the taste recognition apparatus, all of Examples 2 to 4, 6, 9, and 10 had a sour taste lower than that of Example 1, and increased bitter taste (kokumi), umami, and umami. Examples 5 and 7 have not been measured.

糖化物A、Bは、いも類または穀類に含まれるでん粉をアミラーゼで分解したものであり、グルコース、マルトース及びイソマルトースを主成分とし、果糖ブドウ糖液糖よりも甘味が弱い糖組成である。それにもかかわらず、果糖ブドウ糖液糖の一部を糖化物AまたはBで置き換えたところアルコール飲料の甘味が増したというのは驚くべき知見である。
したがって、穀物の糖化物を用いることにより、甘味を維持しつつ糖類の含有量を低減することができる。また、穀物の糖化物を用いることにより旨味やコクが増すため、美味しさも向上させることができる。
The saccharified products A and B are those obtained by decomposing starch contained in potatoes or cereals with amylase, and are composed of glucose, maltose and isomaltose as main components, and have a sugar composition that is less sweet than fructose glucose liquid sugar. Nevertheless, it is a surprising finding that when a portion of fructose-glucose liquid sugar was replaced with saccharified product A or B, the sweetness of the alcoholic beverage increased.
Therefore, by using a saccharified product of cereal, the saccharide content can be reduced while maintaining sweetness. Moreover, since the umami | savory taste and richness increase by using the saccharified material of a grain, deliciousness can also be improved.

Claims (4)

穀類の酵素反応による糖化物と、蒸留酒と、水とを含むアルコール飲料。   An alcoholic beverage containing a saccharified product of a cereal enzymatic reaction, distilled liquor, and water. 前記穀物が、いも類または穀類である、請求項1に記載のアルコール飲料。   The alcoholic beverage according to claim 1, wherein the cereal is a potato or a cereal. 前記糖化物の乾燥固形分の含有量が、アルコール飲料100mLに対して、0.1〜10gである、請求項1又は2に記載のアルコール飲料。   The alcoholic beverage according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a content of a dry solid content of the saccharified product is 0.1 to 10 g with respect to 100 mL of the alcoholic beverage. 前記糖化物以外の糖類を含む、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載のアルコール飲料。   The alcoholic beverage according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising a saccharide other than the saccharified product.
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JP2007167030A (en) * 2005-12-26 2007-07-05 Hinomaru Jozo Kk Method for producing fruit liqueur
JP2010130902A (en) * 2008-11-10 2010-06-17 Suntory Holdings Ltd Low-glucide fermented beverage in new type and method for producing the same
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JP2006129821A (en) * 2004-11-09 2006-05-25 Tamanohikari Shuzo Kk Rice wine containing rosa rugosa component and method for producing the same
JP2007167030A (en) * 2005-12-26 2007-07-05 Hinomaru Jozo Kk Method for producing fruit liqueur
JP2010130902A (en) * 2008-11-10 2010-06-17 Suntory Holdings Ltd Low-glucide fermented beverage in new type and method for producing the same
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