JP2018071281A - Tie - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a tie which eases impact on a breaking member due to snow lumps.SOLUTION: A tie 1 is provided with a tie main body 11 in a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and a breaking member 16 arranged on the top face of the tie main body and having an inclined surface 18a formed on the top face thereof so as to be in an upward gradient in a train traveling direction X1. In the breaking member 16, a protrusion 26 which protrudes upward from at least a part of the inclined plane 18a, and a groove part 18b extending from the inclined plane 18a into the inside of the breaking member 16 are formed, and an elastic member 21 is provided inside the groove part 18b.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a sleeper laid on a track.

  In trains operating in cold regions, ice and snow rolled up by the train may adhere to the bottom of the train as a lump. In this case, during the high-speed operation of the train, the ice and snow lump may be detached from the train and hit the rail drive shaft or the signal wiring arranged between the rails on the track and destroy them.

In order to prevent this, Patent Document 1 discloses a rectangular parallelepiped sleeper body, and an inflating portion that is arranged on the upper surface of the sleeper body and has an inclined surface on the upper surface so as to have an upward slope in the traveling direction of the train ( A sleeper having a breaking member is disclosed. A plurality of protrusions protruding from the inclined surface are formed on the inclined surface.
This sleeper can prevent a block of ice and snow from directly colliding with a rail drive shaft or the like by crushing the block of ice and snow at a plurality of protrusions when the block of ice and snow has come to the sleeper.

Japanese Patent No. 4839280

  However, when the mass of ice and snow is larger than a certain level, the mass of the ice and snow mass increases, and the mass of ice and snow is not sufficiently broken by the plurality of projections of the sleepers. In this case, the impact received by the expanded portion of the sleeper is increased, and the expanded portion may be chipped or cracked.

  This invention is made | formed in view of such a problem, Comprising: It aims at providing the sleeper which relieve | moderates the impact which a destruction member receives with the lump of ice and snow.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes the following means.
The sleeper of the present invention comprises a rectangular parallelepiped sleeper main body, and a breaking member that is disposed on the upper surface of the sleeper main body and has an inclined surface formed on the upper surface so as to have an upward slope in the traveling direction of the train, The breaking member includes a protrusion protruding upward from at least a part of the inclined surface, and a groove extending from the inclined surface toward the inside of the breaking member, and an elastic member is provided in the groove. It is characterized by having.
According to this invention, even if a lump of ice and snow comes to the breaking member, the elastic member provided in the groove portion of the breaking member is elastically deformed and absorbs this impact. Therefore, the impact received by the breaking member due to the lump of ice and snow can be reduced.

In the sleeper described above, the groove may extend downward from the inclined surface.
According to this invention, the elastic member provided in the groove portion can be formed in a shape extending along the vertical direction. Accordingly, the impact can be more reliably mitigated regardless of the vertical position of the impact caused by the ice and snow lump.

Further, another sleeper of the present invention includes a rectangular parallelepiped sleeper main body, a breaking member that is disposed on the upper surface of the sleeper main body, and has an inclined surface formed on the upper surface so as to have an upward slope in the traveling direction of the train. The destructive member is formed with a protrusion that protrudes upward from at least a part of the inclined surface, and an elastic member that covers at least the outer surface facing the approaching train on the inclined surface and the protrusion. It is characterized by providing.
According to this invention, the lump of ice and snow flying from the train to be driven hits the elastic member before the inclined surface and the protrusion. The elastic member hit by the block of ice and snow absorbs this impact by elastically deforming. Therefore, the impact received by the breaking member due to the lump of ice and snow can be reduced.

Further, in the sleeper described above, the sleeper body, the breaking member, and the protrusion are a base material, and a plurality of linear members that are contained in the base material and have a strength higher than that of the base material. The plurality of linear members may be arranged to extend in a direction intersecting the traveling direction.
According to the present invention, when an impact due to a block of ice and snow is received, the impact does not act on the plurality of linear members, and it is suppressed that the impact acts only on the base material between the plurality of linear members. Thereby, it can suppress that the base material between several linear members is damaged, and the intensity | strength of a sleeper main body, a destruction member, and a protrusion falls.

Further, in the sleeper described above, a plurality of the protrusions extending in the width direction of the train are formed on the inclined surface, and a section of the plurality of the protrusions along the vertical plane including the traveling direction is stepped. Also good.
According to this invention, the ice and snow lump can be efficiently crushed regardless of the position in the width direction of the ice and snow lump that comes.

  According to the sleepers of the present invention, it is possible to mitigate the impact received by the breaking member due to the lump of snow.

It is a front view of the sleeper of 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing equivalent to the II-II line | wire in FIG. It is a top view of the sleeper. It is a front view of the sleeper of 2nd Embodiment of this invention. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view corresponding to line VV in FIG. 4. It is a top view of the sleeper.

(First embodiment)
Hereinafter, a first embodiment of a sleeper according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3.
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the sleeper 1 according to this embodiment includes a sleeper body 11, an inflating part (destructive member) 16, an elastic member 21, and a protrusion 26. The inflating portion 16, the elastic member 21, and the protruding portion 26 constitute the upper structure of the sleeper 1. The cross sections of the sleeper main body 11, the expansion portion 16, and the protrusion 26 in FIG. 2 and FIG. 5 to be described later are not hatched to make the drawing easier to see.
The sleeper body 11 is a lower structure of the sleeper 1. The sleeper main body 11 is formed in a rectangular parallelepiped shape that is long in the left-right direction Y, which is the width direction of a train that operates on the sleeper 1. That is, the length of the sleeper body 11 in the left-right direction Y is longer than the length of the sleeper body 11 in the front-rear direction X, which is the longitudinal direction of the train.
The length L1 (see FIG. 2) of the sleeper main body 11 in the front-rear direction X is, for example, 240 mm. The length (height) L2 (see FIG. 1) in the vertical direction Z of the sleeper body 11 is, for example, 150 mm.

The inflating part 16 has a front support part 17 and a rear support part 18. The front support portion 17 is disposed in the front (train traveling direction) X <b> 1 that is one of the front and rear directions X with respect to the rear support portion 18. The front support part 17 is formed in a rectangular parallelepiped shape. The length of the front support portion 17 in the left-right direction Y is shorter than the length of the sleeper body 11 in the left-right direction Y.
The upper surface of the front support portion 17 is formed flat along a horizontal plane. A length L3 (see FIG. 2) in the front-rear direction X of the front support portion 17 is, for example, 120 mm. The length L4 (refer FIG. 1) of the front support part 17 of the left-right direction Y is 1000 mm, for example.

An inclined surface 18 a is formed on the upper surface of the rear support portion 18. The inclined surface 18a is formed to have an upward gradient toward the front X1.
The length of the rear support portion 18 in the left-right direction Y is equal to the length of the front support portion 17 in the left-right direction Y. The height of the rear support portion 18 is equal to the height of the front support portion 17.
A plurality of cuts (grooves) 18 b extending from the inclined surface 18 a toward the inside of the rear support portion 18 are formed in the rear support portion 18. Each cut 18b extends downward from the inclined surface 18a.

If the height L6 (see FIG. 1) of the inflating portion 16 is too low, the effect of protecting the rail drive shaft and the like from the ice and snow lump is reduced, and if it is too high, the construction limit is exceeded. For this reason, the height L6 of the expansion part 16 is desirably 80 mm or more and not more than the height of the rail R (174 mm in the case of a 60 kg rail).
If the length L8 (see FIG. 2) in the vertical direction Z of the cut line 18b is too short, the effect of shock relaxation is reduced. If the length L8 of the cut 18b is too long, the area to be bonded to integrate the expansion portion 16 is too small, and the expansion portion 16 may be damaged when subjected to an impact. Therefore, it is desirable that the length L9 from the lower end of the cut line 18b to the lower surface of the rear support portion 18 is 20 mm or more and 40 mm or less.

The length (width) L10 of the cut 18b in the front-rear direction X is desirably the same as the thickness of the elastic member 21 (length in the front-rear direction X).
Moreover, it is desirable that the elastic member 21 is disposed over the entire length L8 of the cut line 18b in the vertical direction Z.

The aforementioned elastic member 21 is provided in each cut 18b. The material for forming the elastic member 21 is not particularly limited. For example, CR (chloroprene rubber), SBR (styrene butadiene rubber), urethane rubber, silicone rubber, natural rubber, IR (isoprene rubber), BR (butadiene rubber), NBR (acrylonitrile butadiene rubber), EPDM (ethylene Propylene / diene rubber), fluororubber, and the like can be used.
As an elastic index of the material forming the elastic member 21, the compression elastic modulus is preferably 0.1 MPa (megapascal) or more and 100 MPa or less. If the compression modulus is too large, the ability to mitigate the impact by deformation of the elastic member 21 is reduced. If the compression modulus is too small, it will be deformed with a small force, so that the ability to relieve a large impact will be reduced.
The rigidity of the elastic member 21 is lower than the rigidity of the sleeper body 11 and the inflating portion 16. The elastic modulus of the elastic member 21 is smaller than the elastic modulus of the sleeper main body 11 and the expanding portion 16. That is, the elastic member 21 is more elastically deformed than the sleeper main body 11 and the expanding portion 16.

If the thickness of the elastic member 21 is too thin, the impact mitigating effect is reduced. If the thickness of the elastic member 21 is too thick, the length in the front-rear direction X of the inflatable portion 16 having higher rigidity than that of the elastic member 21 is shortened, and the elastic member 21 is thickened. Thereby, when the expansion part 16 receives an impact, deformation | transformation of the expansion part 16 will become large too much and there exists a possibility that the expansion part 16 may be damaged. The effect of crushing ice and snow lump is reduced.
For example, the elastic member 21 is formed in a plate shape in which the front-rear direction X is the thickness direction of the elastic member 21. The elastic member 21 extends in the vertical direction Z and the left-right direction Y, respectively. The thickness of the elastic member 21 is preferably 1 mm or more and 20 mm or less, and more preferably 2 mm or more and 10 mm or less.

  The elastic member 21 may be fixed to the cut line 18b of the rear support portion 18 with an adhesive. In this case, the adhesive used is not particularly limited. As the adhesive, for example, epoxy adhesive, urethane adhesive, acrylic rubber adhesive, chloroprene rubber adhesive, styrene butadiene rubber adhesive, butyl rubber adhesive, nitrile rubber adhesive, and the like can be used. .

The plurality of protrusions 26 protrude upward from the inclined surface 18 a of the rear support part 18. Each protrusion 26 is formed in a triangular prism shape extending in the left-right direction Y. That is, as shown in FIG. 2, each protrusion 26 is formed with a first flat surface 26a extending along a horizontal plane and a second flat surface 26b extending along a vertical plane.
A cross section by the vertical plane S including the front-rear direction X of the plurality of protrusions 26 is stepped. That is, the 1st flat surface 26a of the some protrusion 26 is arrange | positioned upwards as it goes to the front X1.
In the present embodiment, the inclined surface 18a of the rear support portion 18 is covered with the plurality of protrusions 26 without being exposed to the outside. The number of the protrusions 26 included in the sleeper 1 (the number of steps of the stepped upper structure) is not particularly limited.
The length L12 (see FIG. 2) in the front-rear direction X of the protrusion 26 is, for example, 30 mm. The length L13 (see FIG. 1) in the vertical direction Z of the protrusion 26 is, for example, 30 mm or 35 mm.

In the present embodiment, the front support portion 17, the rear support portion 18, and the plurality of protrusions 26 are integrally formed.
The sleeper main body 11, the expansion part 16, and the protrusions 26 are preferably formed of a urethane foam molded body (base material) containing a plurality of long glass fibers (linear members) G. A part of the long glass fiber G is shown in FIG. The long glass fiber G has higher strength than the urethane foam molded article. The urethane foam molded body is reinforced by containing the glass long fibers G, and is difficult to break even when deformed.
The direction of each long glass fiber G is preferably the vertical direction Z (direction intersecting the traveling direction). In other words, each long glass fiber G is desirably arranged so as to extend in the vertical direction Z. With this configuration, when an impact (load) due to a lump of ice and snow is received, the impact does not act on the plurality of long glass fibers G, and the urethane foam is located between the plurality of long glass fibers G. Acting only on the molded body is suppressed. Thereby, it becomes difficult to break the urethane foam molding between the plurality of long glass fibers G.
In addition, the direction arrange | positioned so that each glass long fiber G may be extended is not restricted to the vertical direction Z, The direction which cross | intersects the advancing direction of a train may be sufficient.

The sleeper main body 11 is configured in the same manner as the expansion portion 16 and the like. As a material for forming the expansion portion 16 and the sleeper main body 11 and the like, Eslon Neo Lumber FFU (registered trademark, manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd.) can be suitably used.
In addition, the material which forms a linear member is not restricted to the glass long fiber G, A carbon fiber etc. can be used. The material for forming the base material is not limited to the urethane foam molding, and various resins can be used.
The expansion part 16 is disposed on the upper surface of the sleeper body 11. The inflating portion 16 is disposed at the center of the sleeper main body 11 in the left-right direction Y.
The expansion part 16 and the sleeper main body 11 are fixed by the above-described adhesive or a fastening member such as a bolt.

The sleepers 1 configured in this way are laid on the track as follows.
That is, the sleepers 1 are laid on the track. As shown in FIG. 1, a pair of rails R is fixed to the upper surface of a sleeper body 11 in the sleeper 1. The pair of rails R fix the expanding part 16 so as to sandwich the left and right direction Y. At this time, the upper surface of each rail R is higher than the upper surface of the inflating portion 16.
When the train operates on the pair of rails R, the longitudinal direction of the train becomes the longitudinal direction X. The width direction of the train is the left-right direction Y.

Next, the effect | action of the sleeper 1 comprised as mentioned above is demonstrated.
The train driving on the pair of rails R approaches the sleepers 1 from the rear X2. The second flat surface 26 b of the protrusion 26 is an outer surface of the protrusion 26 that faces the train approaching the sleepers 1. When the ice and snow lump is separated from the train, the ice and snow lump comes from the rear X2 toward the front X1 as indicated by an arrow A in FIG. The icy and snowy lump that has come is crushed by the plurality of protrusions 26. It prevents the ice and snow lump before being crushed from directly colliding with the aforementioned rail drive shaft or the like.
When the mass of ice and snow is crushed by the plurality of protrusions 26, the expanding portion 16 receives an impact in the front-rear direction X. At this time, each elastic member 21 is elastically deformed in the front-rear direction X to absorb this impact.
Since each elastic member 21 is disposed near the plurality of protrusions 26, the impact caused by the lump of ice and snow is effectively mitigated.

As described above, according to the sleeper 1 of the present embodiment, even if a lump of snow and snow has come to the inflatable portion 16, the elastic member 21 disposed in the cut 18b of the inflatable portion 16 is elastically deformed, Absorbs this shock. Therefore, the impact received by the expanding portion 16 due to the lump of snow and ice can be reduced.
The cut line 18b extends downward from the inclined surface 18a. For this reason, the elastic member 21 provided in the cut line 18b can be formed in a shape extending along the vertical direction Z. Accordingly, the impact can be more reliably mitigated regardless of the position in the vertical direction Z of the impact caused by the ice and snow lump. When the cut line 18b is formed by cutting or the like, the cut line 18b is easily formed.

The long glass fibers G are arranged so as to extend in the vertical direction Z. Therefore, when receiving an impact due to a lump of ice and snow, the impact does not act on the plurality of long glass fibers G, and it is suppressed that the impact acts only on the urethane foam molded body between the plurality of long glass fibers G. Thereby, it can suppress that the urethane foam molding between several glass long fibers G breaks, and the intensity | strength of the sleeper main body 11, the expansion part 16, etc. falls.
The plurality of protrusions 26 extend in the left-right direction Y, and the cross section by the vertical plane S including the front X1 of the plurality of protrusions 26 is stepped. Therefore, the ice and snow lump can be efficiently crushed irrespective of the position of the flying snow and snow lump in the left-right direction Y.

In the present embodiment, each protrusion 26 has a triangular prism shape. However, the shape of each protrusion 26 is not limited to this, and may be a pyramid shape, a conical shape, a sharp shape or an irregular shape such as a round male shape.
There is no restriction | limiting in the number of the protrusions 26 formed in the inclined surface 18a of the back support part 18, One may be sufficient and plural may be sufficient. The plurality of protrusions 26 may be formed on a part of the inclined surface 18a, and the remaining part of the inclined surface 18a may be exposed to the outside.
There is no particular limitation on the number of cuts 18b formed in the inflatable portion 16 and the number of elastic members 21 arranged in the cuts 18b.
Each cut 18b extends downward from the inclined surface 18a. However, the direction in which each cut line 18b extends from the inclined surface 18a is not limited to this, and may be a direction orthogonal to the inclined surface 18a, a direction along a horizontal plane, or the like.

(Second Embodiment)
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 4 to FIG. explain.
As shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, the sleeper 2 of this embodiment includes an elastic member 31 instead of the elastic member 21 of the sleeper 1 of the first embodiment. In the present embodiment, the cut 18b is not formed in the inflatable portion 16.

The elastic member 31 covers the first flat surface 26a, the second flat surface 26b, and the corner portion 26c connecting the first flat surface 26a and the second flat surface 26b of each protrusion 26.
In addition, you may comprise so that the elastic member 31 may cover the 2nd flat surface 26b and the corner | angular part 26c of each protrusion 26, and may not cover the 1st flat surface 26a. However, if there is a portion of each protrusion 26 that is not covered by the elastic member 31, the end of the elastic member 31 is easily peeled off from the protrusion 26 or the inclined surface 18a. It is preferable to cover with.
When the inclined surface 18 a is exposed to the outside, the elastic member 31 may cover the portion of the inclined surface 18 a that faces the train approaching the sleepers 2.
The elastic member 31 can be formed of the same material as the elastic member 21.

Next, the operation of the sleeper 2 configured as described above will be described.
A block of ice and snow flies as shown by arrow A in FIG. Before hitting the protrusion 26, the lump of ice and snow hit the portion 31b that covers the second flat surface 26b of the elastic member 31 and the portion 31c that covers the corner portion 26c of the elastic member 31. Since the portions 31b and 31c of the elastic member 31 are elastically deformed, the impact due to the lump of ice and snow is absorbed.

  As described above, according to the sleeper 2 of the present embodiment, the lump of snow and snow flying from the driving train hits the portions 31 b and 31 c of the elastic member 31 before the protrusion 26. The elastic member 31 struck by a lump of ice and snow absorbs this impact by elastically deforming. Therefore, the impact received by the expanding portion 16 due to the lump of snow and ice can be reduced.

As mentioned above, although 1st Embodiment and 2nd Embodiment of this invention were explained in full detail with reference to drawings, the concrete structure is not restricted to this embodiment, The structure of the range which does not deviate from the summary of this invention Changes, combinations, deletions, etc. are also included. Furthermore, it goes without saying that the configurations shown in the embodiments can be used in appropriate combinations.
For example, in the said 1st Embodiment and 2nd Embodiment, when the rigidity of the sleeper main body 11 and the expansion part 16 may be comparatively low, the sleeper main body 11 and the expansion part 16 contain the glass long fiber G You don't have to.

1, 2, sleepers 11 sleepers body 16 expansion part (destructive member)
18a Inclined surface 18b Cut (groove)
21, 31 Elastic member 26 Projection 26b Second flat surface (outer surface facing the train)
G long glass fiber (linear member)
S Vertical plane X1 ahead (train direction)
Y Left-right direction (train width direction)

Claims (5)

A rectangular parallelepiped sleeper body,
The breaking member which is disposed on the upper surface of the sleeper main body and has an inclined surface formed on the upper surface so as to have an upward slope in the traveling direction of the train,
With
The breaking member is
A protrusion protruding upward from at least a part of the inclined surface;
A groove extending from the inclined surface toward the inside of the breaking member;
Formed,
A sleeper characterized in that an elastic member is provided in the groove.   The sleeper according to claim 1, wherein the groove extends downward from the inclined surface. A rectangular parallelepiped sleeper body,
The breaking member which is disposed on the upper surface of the sleeper main body and has an inclined surface formed on the upper surface so as to have an upward slope in the traveling direction of the train,
With
The breaking member is formed with a protrusion protruding upward from at least a part of the inclined surface,
A sleeper comprising an elastic member covering at least the outer surface facing the approaching train on the inclined surface and the protrusion. The sleeper body, the breaking member, and the protrusion are
A substrate;
A plurality of linear members that are contained in the base material and have a strength greater than that of the base material,
The sleeper according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the plurality of linear members are arranged so as to extend in a direction intersecting the traveling direction. A plurality of the protrusions extending in the width direction of the train are formed on the inclined surface,
The sleeper according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a cross section of a plurality of the protrusions along a vertical plane including the traveling direction is stepped.

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