JP2018050601A - Vegetable harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve a problem that defective objects below the standard are sent to a separation part, an assist worker becomes busy in separation work for removing the defective objects, and thereby harvest efficiency reduced, in a vegetable harvester including the separation part separating harvested vegetables.SOLUTION: In a vegetable harvester, a conveyance device S sending laterally harvested vegetables is arranged in a rear part of a harvest conveyance device T harvesting a vegetable from a field to be sent to a rear part of a machine body and vegetables meeting the standard are harvested by separating harvested vegetables in a separation part S5 of the conveyance device S by an assist worker. The vegetable harvester includes a rough separation device 40 roughly separating vegetables during conveyance of the harvest conveyance device T and thereby removing defective objects before movement to the conveyance device S.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 6

Description

  The present invention relates to a vegetable harvester that harvests vegetables to be vegetated in a field.

  As a vegetable harvesting machine, as described in JP-A-2005-333917, a harvesting device for harvesting vegetables from the field is provided on the left and right sides of the aircraft, and assistance for boarding the rear of the aircraft while laterally feeding vegetables from this harvesting device There is a configuration in which an operator sorts vegetables by a sorting unit, and stores and harvests non-defective vegetables in storage units provided on the left and right sides of the machine body.

JP-A-2005-333917

  If the vegetables to be harvested are root vegetables such as carrots, non-standard defective products that are not suitable for shipping products are sent to the sorting section because the roots are too thick or abnormally deformed. In order to remove defective products, the sorting of auxiliary workers becomes busy, and the harvesting efficiency may decrease.

  In view of such problems of conventional vegetable harvesting machines, the present invention provides a vegetable harvesting machine provided with a sorting unit for sorting the harvested vegetables. The purpose is to reduce the burden on the selection of auxiliary workers automatically and improve the efficiency of harvesting work.

  The problem to be solved by the present invention is solved by the following technical means.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, a transport device S for laterally feeding the harvested vegetables is provided at the rear of the harvest transport device T that harvests vegetables from the field and sends them to the rear of the machine body. In the vegetable harvesting machine that sorts the harvested vegetables and harvests the vegetables within the standard, the rough sorting device 40 that roughly sorts the vegetables during the transport of the harvesting transport device T and excludes defective products from moving to the transport device S The vegetable harvesting machine is characterized by the installation.

  The invention according to claim 2 is the vegetable harvesting machine according to claim 1, wherein the outside diameter of the vegetables is detected by the coarse sorting device 40 and is excluded when the outside diameter is out of specification.

  The invention according to claim 3 is the vegetable harvesting machine according to claim 1, wherein a cleaning tool 41 that contacts the outer periphery of the vegetable is provided in front of the coarse sorting device 40.

  In the invention according to claim 1, since the defective vegetables harvested from the field by the harvesting and conveying device T and sent backward are eliminated by the rough sorting device 40 and sent to the sorting unit S5 of the conveying device S, the sorting unit The labor of the auxiliary worker who performs the sorting work in S5 is reduced, and a good sorting work can be performed.

  In the invention according to claim 2, in addition to the effect of claim 1, vegetables having an outside diameter not specified are not sent to the sorting unit S5 of the transport device S, so that the sorting labor of the auxiliary worker is reduced.

  In the invention according to claim 3, in addition to the effect of claim 1, mud soil and the like adhering to the vegetables transported by the harvesting transport device T is removed by the cleaning tool 41, and the sorting part is hardly soiled.

It is a side view of the whole harvesting machine. It is a rear view of the whole harvesting machine. It is a top view of the whole harvesting machine. It is a figure which shows the sorting operation by the sorter. It is a figure which shows the mechanism in which a storage bag goes up and down. It is a partial perspective view of a harvest conveyance device.

  An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings regarding a harvester that harvests root vegetables, particularly carrot W. In the description of the embodiment, the left and right directions in the forward direction of the aircraft are referred to as left and right, respectively, the forward direction is referred to as forward, and the backward direction is referred to as rear. However, the configuration of the present invention is not limited.

  The traveling vehicle A of the harvesting machine has a pair of left and right traveling crawlers 1 on the grounding side, and transports it upward and backward while holding and pulling the leaves W1 of the carrot W on the left and right sides of the upper part of the traveling vehicle A. A harvesting / conveying device T is provided across the longitudinal direction of the traveling vehicle body A.

  A driving section K having a driver's seat 2 and various operation levers 3 is provided on the right side of the harvesting and conveying apparatus T, and the crops harvested by the harvesting and conveying apparatus T are placed behind the driving section K in the lateral direction of the traveling vehicle body. Is provided with a transport device S for transporting. And the bag mounting part Y which mounts the storage bag 4 which accommodates the crop conveyed with the conveying apparatus S is provided in the left-right outer side of the traveling vehicle body A. As shown in FIG. Reference numeral 5 denotes a sorter seat on which a sorter sits.

  A description will be given of the harvesting and conveying device T. The conveying start end T1 located on the front side of the traveling vehicle body A is provided with a number of lugs 6 for raising the stems and leaves W1 of the carrot W growing on the farm field, and the vertical elevating device 7 and the lateral rotation The pulling device 8, a pair of digging blades 9 that dig up the carrot W by swinging up and down around the root W <b> 2 of the carrot W buried in the field, and the carrot W digged up by the digging blade 9 A pair of first sandwiching and transporting belts 10 and the like are provided that sandwich the stems and leaves W1 and pull them out of the field and transport them obliquely backward.

  A pair of second sandwiching and transporting belts 11 for taking over the carrot W from the first sandwiching and transporting belt 10 and transporting it to the rear side are provided on the transport terminal side T2 of the harvesting and transporting device T, and a rough sorting device is provided below the second sandwiching and transporting belt 11. A pair of cutters 12 for cutting the stems and leaves W1 of the carrot W conveyed with 40 is provided, and 13 is provided with a leaf shooter 13 through which the stems and leaves W1 cut by the cutter 12 fall on the field.

  The coarse sorting device 40 contacts the root W2 of the carrot W suspended, the cleaning tool 41 that removes mud, the size detection plates 44R and 44L that open by hitting the root W2, and the root W2 cut off by the cutter 12 to the leaf shooter 13. If the size of the root W2 detected by the size detection plates 44R and 44L is larger or smaller than the standard, the exclusion shooter 45 is rotated by a solenoid below the root W2 to rotate the root W2. It discharges | emits to the leaf part process conveyor 14 with the stem W1 cut toward the leaf shooter 13. FIG. The exclusion shooter 45 is normally returned to a position where the movement of the root W2 is not blocked by a spring.

  The size detection plates 44R and 44L are closed and biased plates provided at positions sandwiching the root W2 of the carrot W, and the degree of opening is detected to determine the thickness of the root W2. A rubber plate with a slit is provided in the closed interval portion so as not to damage the root W2. The cleaning tool 41 is a brush that contacts the root W2 of the carrot W and scrapes off the mud.

  In addition, it is good to memorize | store the size of the carrot W detected by the size detection plates 44R and 44L as data, and to be able to confirm the harvest amount for every size.

  M is a leaf portion processing apparatus for processing a leaf portion that is a remaining leaf attached to the root portion W2 that has been cut by the cutter 12 and dropped. The leaf portion processing apparatus M dams the leaf portion processing conveyor 14 that transports the dropped root portion W2 in the lateral direction of the traveling vehicle body A and the carrot W that is transported by the leaf portion processing conveyor 14 toward the transport device S. The leaf portion processing roller 15 tears off the remaining leaf adhering to the root portion W2 while being transferred.

  The leaf processing roller 15 has its tip end disposed obliquely toward the conveying device S in a plan view, and a gap is provided between the leaf processing roller 14 and the remaining leaf attached to the root. The processing roller 15 itself is also configured to rotate, and is transported to the conveyance start end S1 of the conveyance device S arranged on the front side of the traveling vehicle body A while tearing off the remaining leaves that could not be cut by the cutter 12. .

  In addition, it is good to provide a brush at the front-end | tip of the exclusion shooter 45, and to sweep off the mud on the leaf part processing conveyor 14 whenever it contacts on the leaf part processing conveyor 14 and rotates up and down.

  Next, the transport device S will be described.

  The transfer start end S1 of the transfer device S is below the transfer end side T2 of the harvest transfer device T and is arranged in parallel to the front side of the leaf processing conveyor 14 in the left-right direction. In order to smoothly take over the root portion W <b> 2 to be performed, the leaf portion processing conveyor 14 is disposed at a lower position.

  The conveyance terminal side S2 of the conveyance device S is located behind the driving unit K, and is constituted by a continuous conveyance conveyor 16 extending in the left-right direction of the traveling vehicle body A. The transport conveyor 16 will be described in detail. The transport start end side S1 parallel to the leaf processing conveyor 14, the first inclined part S4 inclined in the upward direction in the course of transport, then the substantially horizontal sorting part S5, In addition, a second inclined portion S6 that is inclined in the upward direction is formed, and a discharge shooter S7 that guides the root W2 discharged from the discharge portion S7 to the storage bag 4 is formed on the conveyance end side S2. . The conveyor 16 is provided with frame bodies 17 on both the left and right sides in the transport direction, and the upper surface is open. A large number of crop support plates 18 that are supported when the crop is lifted by the first inclined portion S4 and the second inclined portion S6 are attached to the transfer surface of the transfer conveyor 16 at substantially constant intervals.

  The sorter's seat 5 will be described. The sorter's seat 5 is arranged behind the sorting unit S5. It is attached to the floor A1 of the traveling vehicle body A via a seat support 19. The seat support 19 is provided with a footrest 20 for placing a foot when the operator is sitting.

  Next, the structure of the collection | recovery part which collect | recovers the root W2 of the carrot W conveyed with the conveying apparatus S is demonstrated.

  A bag placement portion Y for placing the storage bag 4 for storing the root portion W2 conveyed by the conveyance device S is provided so as to protrude from the lower side of the conveyance end side S2 to the left and right outer sides of the traveling vehicle body A. Further, the bag placement portion Y and the central portion F in the front-rear direction of the transport device S are arranged to be in front of the rear end portion G of the traveling crawler 1.

  The storage bag 4 of the present embodiment is a large-capacity bag that can store about 200 kg to 1000 kg, and the storage bag is attached to the hanging rod 22 that is attached to the connecting shaft 21a that connects the pair of columns 21 when not yet stored. The hanging string 4a of 4 is suspended and used. A bottom plate 23 on which the storage bag 4 is placed is configured to be movable in the vertical direction as the hydraulic cylinder 24 is vertically expanded and contracted. Referring to FIG. 5 in detail, a roller 25 is attached to the tip of the hydraulic cylinder 24, a chain fixing member 26 is attached to the column 21 side, and the bottom plate 23 and the chain fixing member 26 are connected by a chain 27. By winding the chain 27 around the roller 25, the bottom plate 23 is also moved up and down via the chain 27 when the hydraulic cylinder 24 moves up and down.

  In addition, the exchange of the storage bag 4 is automatically recorded by raising and lowering the bottom plate 23 and the backward movement of the machine body, storing the replacement frequency of the storage bag 4, storing the replacement time of the storage bag 4, and storing the storage bag 4 The lowered position can be stored in the map data and the exchange time can be predicted. The working time is the time spent driving with the digging clutch.

  Next, the harvesting operation will be described.

  The operator gets on the driving section K, sits on the driver's seat 2, controls the aircraft, and makes the harvester self-run. The lugs 6 of the longitudinal pulling device 7 and the lateral pulling device 8 circulate, respectively, thereby causing the stems and leaves W1 of the carrot W that has gone out of the field, while the digging blade 9 is the root of the soil By swinging up and down around W2, the root W2 is dug up, and the first sandwiching and transporting belt 10 sandwiches the foliage W1 and is transported obliquely rearward.

  The carrot W transported by the first sandwiching and transporting belt 10 is taken over by the second sandwiching and transporting belt 11, the carrot W outside the standard is detected by the rough sorting device 40, and the foliage W <b> 1 is cut by the cutter 12 and then standardized. The ginseng W outside is guided to the leaf shooter 13 by the exclusion shooter 45, and the cut leaves W1 are transported rearward while being sandwiched by the second sandwiching conveyor belt 11 and discharged to the field via the leaf shooter 13. . On the other hand, the root part W2 within the standard subjected to the cutting process is naturally dropped and conveyed to the leaf part processing conveyor 14 of the leaf part processing apparatus M, and the remaining leaves attached to the root part W without being cut by the cutter 12 are processed with the leaf part. The sheet is transferred along the leaf processing roller 15 to the conveyance start end side S <b> 1 along the leaf processing roller 15 while being shredded between the conveyor 14 and the leaf processing roller 15.

  The root W2 supplied to the transport start end S1 of the transport device S is transported by the transport conveyor 16, lifted up from the first inclined section S4, and transported to the sorting section S5. In the sorting section S5, as shown in FIG. 4, the sorting worker sits on the sorter's seat 5 and sees the state of the harvesting work, while the root W2 being damaged is split from the root W2 being transported, the tip of the root is bifurcated, etc. Manually remove defective products with bad roots by hand. The non-defective carrot W that has passed through the sorting section S5 is further lifted toward the conveyance end side S2 by the second inclined section S6, and is discharged from the discharge section S7 to the storage bag 4 through the guide shooter S8.

  As the amount of the root W2 of the carrot W stored in the storage bag 4 increases, the bottom plate 23 gradually lowers while pulling the chain 27 and the hydraulic cylinder 24 by the weight of the storage bag 4. When the storage bag 4 is full, the storage bag 4 is taken out by a crane or the like. After the storage bag 4 is taken out, the bottom plate 23 is pulled up by the chain 27 as the hydraulic cylinder 24 is extended. Thus, when the storage of the root portion W2 has just started in the storage bag 4, the height position of the storage bag 4 is set as close as possible to the height of the discharge portion S7 of the transport device S, so that the discharge portion S7. It is possible to reduce the falling distance of the root W discharged from the base, and the root W is hardly damaged. Moreover, even if the amount of the root portion W stored in the storage bag 4 is increased, the falling distance of the carrot W does not change because the bottom plate is lowered while the storage bag 4 is suspended.

T Harvest conveying device S Conveying device S5 Sorting unit 40 Coarse sorting device 41 Cleaning tool

Claims (3)

A transport device (S) for laterally feeding the harvested vegetables is provided at the rear of the harvest transport device (T) that harvests vegetables from the field and sends them to the rear of the machine. In the vegetable harvesting machine that selects the harvested vegetables and harvests the vegetables within the standards,
A vegetable harvesting machine provided with a coarse sorting device (40) for roughly sorting vegetables during the transportation of the harvesting transportation device (T) to exclude defective products from moving to the transportation device (S).   2. The vegetable harvesting machine according to claim 1, wherein the coarse sorting device (40) detects the outer diameter of the vegetables and eliminates the outer diameter when the outer diameter is out of specification. The vegetable harvesting machine according to claim 1, wherein a cleaning tool (41) that contacts the outer periphery of the vegetable is provided in front of the coarse sorting device (40).

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