JP2018045078A - Image forming apparatus, color material control device, and color material control program - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an image forming apparatus, a color material control device, and a color material control program that improve adhesiveness of a coating compared with a case where the usage of a color material is not restricted.SOLUTION: An image forming apparatus comprises: a forming unit that forms an image on a recording material with a color material melting by heating; a fixing unit that heats the recording material to fix the image; and a color material control part that, when the recording material is scheduled to be coated after the fixing of the image, restricts the usage of the color material in the image formation performed by the forming unit to a small amount compared with a case where the recording material is not scheduled to be coated.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to an image forming apparatus, a color material control apparatus, and a color material control program.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there is known an image forming apparatus in which a recording material such as a sheet on which an image is formed with a color material such as toner is heated to fix the image, and thereafter a coating is applied by laminating or the like.

  For example, Patent Document 1 includes a mode for forming an image on a sheet and a mode for laminating a sheet sandwiched between laminates by heating / pressurizing means, and an image for releasing the separation operation of the separation unit in the laminating mode. A forming apparatus is disclosed.

JP 2006-078852 A

  However, there is a possibility that the release agent that exudes from the color material by heat fixing weakens the adhesion of the coating.

  An object of this invention is to improve the adhesiveness of coating | cover compared with the case where the usage-amount of a coloring material is not restrict | limited.

An image forming apparatus according to claim 1 is provided.
A former that forms an image on a recording material with a color material that melts by heating;
A fixing device for fixing the image by heating the recording material;
Color material control for limiting the amount of the color material used in the image forming of the forming device to a smaller amount when the recording material is planned to be coated after image fixing than when the coating is not planned. And
It is provided with.

The image forming apparatus according to claim 2 is the image forming apparatus according to claim 1,
More than the first forming operation in which the forming device forms an image using a part of the color materials selected from the plurality of color materials, and the number of colors of the color materials used in the first forming operation. A second forming operation for forming an image by using a color material having a large number of colors;
When the color material control unit is in the second forming operation and the coating is scheduled, the amount of the color material used is limited to a smaller amount than when the coating is not planned. It is a thing to do.

The image forming apparatus according to claim 3 is the image forming apparatus according to claim 1 or 2,
The forming device forms an image using a first type of color material mainly responsible for the color configuration of the image and a second type of color material that supplements at least one of the color and quality of the image,
The color material control unit is configured to limit the usage amount of the second type of color material rather than the usage amount of the first type of color material when the coating is planned. .

An image forming apparatus according to claim 4
A former that forms an image on a recording material with a color material that melts by heating;
A fixing device for fixing the image by heating the recording material;
A heating control unit for lowering the heating of the recording material in the fixing device when the coating of the recording material after image fixing is scheduled than when the coating is not planned;
It is provided with.

The color material control apparatus according to claim 5 is:
The amount of the color material used in the image formation of the image forming apparatus that forms an image on the recording material with the color material that is melted by heating, and heats the recording material to fix the image. If the coating is not scheduled for the first use amount,
The amount of the color material used in the image formation is limited to a second usage amount that is smaller than the first usage amount when the coating is planned. And

The color material control program according to claim 6 is:
Built in a control device of an image forming apparatus that forms an image on a recording material with a color material that melts by heating and heats the recording material to fix the image.
The amount of the color material used in the image formation of the image forming apparatus is set to the first amount when the recording material is not covered after the image is fixed,
When the coating is scheduled, the amount of the color material used in the image formation is operated as a color material control device that limits the amount to the second amount of use that is smaller than the first amount of use. It is characterized by.

  According to the image forming apparatus according to claim 1, the color material control apparatus according to claim 5, and the color material control program according to claim 6, the adhesion of the coating is improved as compared with the case where the amount of the color material used is not limited. To do.

  According to the image forming apparatus of the second aspect, it is possible to limit the usage amount of the color material only when necessary.

  According to the image forming apparatus of the third aspect, it is possible to limit the amount of the color material used while maintaining the color of the image.

  According to the image forming apparatus of the fourth aspect, the adhesion of the coating is improved as compared with the case where the heating is not limited.

1 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating an embodiment of an image forming apparatus of the present invention. It is a figure showing the structure of the laminator. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a procedure for regulating the total amount of toner. 6 is a graph showing the relationship between the toner usage and the adhesive strength of lamination. It is a schematic block diagram showing other embodiment of the image forming apparatus of this invention.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an embodiment of an image forming apparatus of the present invention.

  The image forming apparatus 10 of this embodiment is a so-called tandem color printer.

  The image forming apparatus 10 includes two casings, a first casing 10a and a second casing 10b, which are connected to each other, and each member constituting the image forming apparatus 10 is divided into the two casings. Built in.

  The image forming apparatus 10 forms an image using toners of up to six colors (including transparent colors), and six toner cartridges 11V for storing toners of the respective colors are provided on the upper portion of the first housing 10a. 11V ′, 11Y, 11M, 11C, and 11K are arranged.

  Here, V and V 'in the alphabet in the code represent special colors (for example, transparent, gold, silver, etc.), Y represents yellow, M represents magenta, C represents cyan, and K represents black. In the following, as a code indicating the toner cartridge, when it is not necessary to distinguish between the colors, the alphabet representing the color is omitted and simply referred to as the toner cartridge 11, and when it is necessary to distinguish between the colors, It shall be represented with an alphabet representing the color. The same applies to each element other than the toner cartridge 11.

  The toner in each toner cartridge 11 is supplied to an image forming unit 13 described below. Each toner cartridge 11 is replaceably attached to the first housing 10a. When the toner in the toner cartridge 11 becomes empty, the toner cartridge 11 is replaced with a new toner cartridge 11 containing toner of the same color.

  Below the toner cartridge 11 in the first housing 10a, six exposure units 12 and six image forming units 13 corresponding to the six toner cartridges 11 are provided. In each image forming unit 13, a toner image is formed on the photoconductor by a so-called electrophotographic method.

  Under the six image forming units 13, an endless intermediate transfer belt 14 is provided. The intermediate transfer belt 14 is supported by a plurality of rolls 16 including a drive roll 16a and a backup roll 16b, and circulates in the direction of arrow B while contacting each photoconductor incorporated in each image forming unit 13. The toner image on each photoconductor is transferred so as to sequentially overlap the intermediate transfer belt 14 by the action of the primary transfer roll 15 provided corresponding to each image forming unit 13, and is transferred in the direction of arrow B by the intermediate transfer belt 14. Be transported.

  A secondary transfer roll 17 is provided at a position facing the backup roll 16b with the intermediate transfer belt 14 interposed therebetween. The toner image on the intermediate transfer belt 14 is secondarily transferred by the action of the secondary transfer roll 17 onto a sheet conveyed to a position sandwiched between the intermediate transfer belt 14 and the secondary transfer roll 17. As a result, an unfixed toner image is formed on the sheet. The components including the image forming unit 13, the intermediate transfer belt 14, and the secondary transfer roll 17 that form an unfixed toner image on the paper as described above correspond to an example of the forming device referred to in the present invention.

  Two sheet storage portions 18a and 18b are provided in the lower portion of the first housing 10a, and a plurality of sheets P (so-called cut sheets) are stacked on each of the sheet storage portions 18a and 18b. Is housed in. In the image formation, one of the sheet storage portions 18a and 18b, which is manually or automatically designated by the operator, is stored in one sheet P by the pickup roll 19a and the separating roll 19b. It is taken out. The taken-out paper is conveyed sequentially through the take-out conveyance path 20a, the horizontal conveyance path 20b, and the skew conveyance path 20c, and reaches the positioning roll 19c. Further, the first housing 10a is provided with a take-in port 50 for taking in paper from the outside of the first housing 10a. When the paper is taken in from the take-in port 50, the take-in port 50 is taken in. The sheet is conveyed sequentially through the take-in conveyance path 20d and the skew conveyance path 20c, and reaches the positioning roll 19c.

  The positioning roll 19c serves to correct the posture of the conveyed paper and to adjust the subsequent delivery timing of the paper and send it further downstream in the conveyance direction. In other words, the positioning roll 19c is configured so that the sheet is conveyed to the position of the secondary transfer roll 17 in synchronization with the timing when the toner image on the intermediate transfer belt 14 is conveyed to the position of the secondary transfer roll 17. Send out the paper.

  The sheet on which the toner image has been transferred by the action of the secondary transfer roll 17 is transported by the transport belt 21 and enters the second housing 10 b to reach the fixing device 22. The fixing device 22 includes a heating belt 221 and a pressure roll 222, and the paper conveyed to the fixing device 22 is sandwiched between the heating belt 221 and the pressure roll 222 to be heated and pressurized. The upper toner image is fixed on the sheet. The fixing device 22 corresponds to an example of a fixing device according to the present invention. The paper that has passed through the fixing device 22 is transported to the cooler 24 by the transport belt 23 and is cooled by the cooler 24. The cooler 24 is of a type that cools a sheet by sandwiching the sheet between two endless belts 241 and 242. The paper that has exited the cooler 24 is corrected in warpage by a decurler 25 and is fed by a paper discharge roll 27 to a laminator 40 described later. In the laminator 40, the sheet is laminated as will be described later, and then the sheet is discharged onto the sheet discharge table 28.

  The above is the process when an image is formed only on the first side of the paper, but when an image is formed on both sides of the paper, the image forming apparatus 10 goes through the following process.

  First, an image is formed on the first surface of the paper by the same process as described above, and the paper passes through the decurler 25. Then, the sheet that has passed through the decurler 25 enters the lower conveying path 20e just before reaching the paper discharge roll 27, is conveyed on the lower conveying path 20e, and further enters the reverse conveying path 20f. When a sheet enters the reversal conveyance path 20f, the rotation direction of the conveyance roll of the reversal conveyance path 20f is reversed, and the sheet is sent in the reverse direction from the reversal conveyance path 20f to the return conveyance path 20g. Return to body 10a. The sheet returned to the first housing 10a reaches the positioning roll 19c through the horizontal conveyance path 20b and the skew conveyance path 20c. The paper at this time is in a posture in which the second surface on which an image is not yet formed faces the intermediate transfer belt 14. The toner image of the image formed on the second surface of the sheet is formed on the intermediate transfer belt 14 on the image forming unit 13 side until the sheet reaches the positioning roll 19c through such a conveyance path. Transcribed.

  Thereafter, in the same manner as the image formation on the first surface of the paper, the paper is sent out from the positioning roll 19c, and the toner image is transferred to the second surface of the paper by the action of the secondary transfer roll 17, and the fixing device 22, the cooler 24, and the decurler 25, and this time, the paper is fed to the laminator 40 by the paper discharge roll 27, and is discharged onto the paper discharge table 28 through the lamination process.

  In addition, the upper part of the second casing 10b of the image forming apparatus 10 includes a memory for storing image data sent from the outside, an arithmetic circuit for performing image processing on the image data, and a fixing device. A control unit 30 is provided for controlling the heating temperature at 22 and controlling the sheet conveyance speed at various locations in the image forming apparatus 10. The control unit 30 corresponds to an example of a color material control unit and a heating control unit according to the present invention.

  Further, a monitor 31 for displaying various states of the image forming apparatus 10 and an operation panel 32 for receiving an operation by the operator are arranged so as to be placed on a lower part of the second casing 10b.

  FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the structure of the laminator 40.

  The laminator 40 includes a heating roll 41 that has a built-in heating source and is heated to about 110 degrees, and a pressure copper 42 that is in strong contact with the heating roll 41. The paper P is continuously fed toward the heating roll 41 and the copper 42.

  On the other hand, the resin film 43 with an adhesive is conveyed by the conveying roll 44 between the heating roll 41 and the pressed copper 42 with the adhesive surface facing the sheet P side, and the film 43 is placed on the sheet P. It is thermocompression bonded to. That is, the surface of the paper P is laminated with the film 43.

  Thereafter, the integrated film 43 and the paper P are conveyed to the cutter 46 and separated by the cutter 46 at the boundary between the papers P. Then, the separated paper P is discharged onto the paper discharge table 28 described above.

  Such a laminator 40 is a detachable apparatus as a post-processing apparatus with respect to the image forming apparatus 10 shown in FIG. 1. The image forming apparatus 10 has a laminating mode in which the laminator 40 is connected and laminating is performed. The laminator 40 is not connected and has a non-laminating mode in which laminating is not performed. The user of the image forming apparatus 10 selects a mode by operating the operation panel 32 described above. In the image forming apparatus 10, in the mode in which laminating is performed, the adhesive strength of laminating is improved by regulating the total amount of toner as described below.

  FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a procedure for regulating the total amount of toner.

  The procedure shown in this flowchart is started when a print job is started and image information of the job is input from an external device or the like.

  First, in step S101, the presence / absence of laminating is determined. In the non-laminate mode in which lamination is not performed (step S102), normal image formation is executed. In this normal image formation, the total toner amount is regulated so that the total toner amount including the special colors does not exceed 400%.

  On the other hand, if the current mode is the laminate mode (step S103), the number of toner colors used for image formation is determined, for example, on a page basis based on the image information of the job (step S104). When the number of colors is two or less (step S105), the toner usage amount is 200% at the maximum and does not interfere with the laminating process as will be described later. Executed.

  If the number of colors is three or more (step S106), the highest density value (Cin) in the image is calculated (step S107). Even when the density value is less than 220% (step S108), since it does not hinder laminating as will be described later, normal image formation is executed. On the other hand, if the density value is 220% or more (step S109), it is determined whether there is an image quality priority mode specification that avoids image quality degradation due to the total amount restriction (step S110). The image quality priority mode is also specified by the user by operating the operation panel 32 described above.

  When the image quality priority mode is specified (step S111), the fixing temperature in the fixing device 22 is lowered, the speed of the paper passing through the fixing device 22 is also reduced, and image fixing at a low temperature is set. (Step S112). By fixing at a low temperature, the amount of the release agent that exudes from the toner during fixing is reduced, and the adhesive strength in the laminating process is improved. Further, since the amount of heat necessary for fixing is ensured by reducing the speed of the paper, image deterioration does not occur.

  Although the adhesive strength of the laminating process is improved by the low-temperature fixing, in this embodiment, the total toner amount restriction for further improving the adhesive strength of the laminating process is executed (step S113). By regulating the total amount of toner, the amount of the release agent that exudes from the toner during fixing is reduced, and the adhesive strength in the laminating process is improved. That is, both the low-temperature fixing and the total toner amount regulation have the same result of reducing the amount of the release agent during fixing. For this reason, by combining low-temperature fixing and total toner amount regulation, the total amount regulation may be weak. For example, the total toner amount regulation is implemented so as not to exceed 320%, which is about 80% of 400%. And the color of the image is sufficiently maintained. Further, the combination of the low temperature fixing and the total toner amount regulation can reduce the fixing temperature and the fixing speed, and the fixing time can be sufficiently shortened.

  If it is determined in step S110 that the image quality priority mode is not specified (step S114), it is determined whether the image uses the first spot color or the second spot color (step S115). . If a spot color is used (step S116), the total amount restriction for preferentially reducing the spot color is performed (step S117), and image formation is executed. In the total amount regulation in step S117, for example, the total amount is regulated so that it does not exceed 220% for all six colors, but the silver toner is always regulated to not exceed 30%, and the transparent toner is always 50%. It is regulated not to exceed. On the other hand, the total amount of YMCK color (process color) toner is regulated so that the total of the six colors does not exceed 220%, but there is no particular upper limit for each color alone. In general, the process color is mainly responsible for the color composition of the image, and the special color is used to supplement the color and texture of the image. For this reason, the use amount of the special color is preferentially reduced, so that the color of the image is maintained and the strength of the laminating process is improved.

  If it is determined in step S115 that no special color is used (step S118), the total amount restriction is performed on the toner amount of YMCK color (process color) (step S119), and image formation is performed. Executed. In the total amount regulation in step S119, for example, the total quantity is regulated so that it does not exceed 220% for four colors of YMCK colors. As a result, the amount of the release agent that exudes from the toner at the time of fixing is reduced, and the adhesive strength of the laminating process is improved.

In contrast to the total amount regulation not exceeding 400% in the normal image formation, the total amount regulation not exceeding 220% in the image formation scheduled to be laminated, the image density is reduced to about 55% over the entire image. It may be realized by image processing, or the density range is one-tenth at the base point of 200% so that the image density is 200% to 220% for an image portion of 200% to 400%, for example. The flowchart described above also represents an example of a color material control program that executes the procedure shown in the flowchart, and this color material control program is stored in the control unit 30 shown in FIG. It has been incorporated.

  Here, the relationship between the amount of toner used and the adhesive strength of the laminating process will be described.

  FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the amount of toner used and the adhesive strength of lamination.

  The horizontal axis of the graph in FIG. 4 indicates the amount of toner used in terms of the density of the fixed image, and the vertical axis indicates the adhesive strength in the lamination process in terms of peel strength.

  The dotted line in the graph represents the target strength in the laminating process, and when the toner does not contain a release agent (wax), as shown in the leftmost bar in the graph, Strong peel strength can be obtained regardless of the density of the fixed image.

  On the other hand, when the toner contains a release agent, a sufficiently strong peel strength can be obtained if the image density is 100%. However, when the image density is 200%, the peel strength is equal to the target density. The peel strength is higher than that. When the image density is 300% when the toner contains a release agent, the peel strength is lower than the target density. For this reason, in the example shown here, the total amount regulation so that the toner amount does not exceed 220% is a guideline for obtaining the target adhesive strength.

  Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described.

  FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram showing another embodiment of the image forming apparatus of the present invention.

  The image forming apparatus 100 shown in FIG. 5 is also a so-called tandem type color printer. The image forming apparatus 100 includes a first casing 100a, a second casing 100b, a third casing 100c, and a fourth casing 100d arranged in a line. The member is divided into these four cases and incorporated.

  The image forming apparatus 100 forms an image on a so-called continuous paper CP, and a continuous paper CP supply device 101 is incorporated in the first casing 100a. The feeding device 101 feeds the continuous paper CP wound in a roll shape into the second casing 100b while pulling it out in the direction of arrow D.

  The image forming apparatus 100 forms an image using YMCK process color toner, and four toner cartridges 111Y, 111M, 111C, which store toner of each color, are disposed on the upper portion of the second casing 100b. 111K is arranged. Also in this embodiment, each toner cartridge 111 is replaceably attached to the second casing 100b, and when the toner in the toner cartridge 111 becomes empty, a new toner cartridge 111 containing toner of the same color is stored. Will be replaced.

  Below the toner cartridge 111, four image forming units 113 corresponding to the four toner cartridges 111 are provided. In FIG. 5, the structure of the image forming unit 113 is not shown, but each image forming unit 113 includes a photoreceptor, an exposure device, and a primary transfer device, and a toner image is exposed by a so-called electrophotographic method. Formed on the body.

  Under the four image forming units 113, an endless intermediate transfer belt 114 is provided. The intermediate transfer belt 114 is supported by a plurality of rolls 116 and circulates and moves in the direction of arrow E while being in contact with each photoreceptor incorporated in each image forming unit 113 and the continuous paper CP. The toner images on the respective photoconductors are transferred so as to sequentially overlap the intermediate transfer belt 114 by the primary transfer unit of each image forming unit 113 and are conveyed in the direction of arrow E by the intermediate transfer belt 114.

  The toner image on the intermediate transfer belt 114 is secondarily transferred onto the continuous paper CP by the action of the secondary transfer unit 117. As a result, an unfixed toner image is formed on the continuous paper CP. The components including the image forming unit 113, the intermediate transfer belt 114, and the secondary transfer roll 117 that form an unfixed toner image on the continuous paper CP in this way correspond to an example of a forming device according to the present invention. .

  The continuous paper CP on which the unfixed toner image is formed reaches the fixing device 122, and the toner image is fixed on the continuous paper CP by heating and pressurization. The fixing device 122 corresponds to an example of a fixing device according to the present invention.

  A lower part of the second casing 100b includes a memory for storing image data sent from the outside, an arithmetic circuit for performing image processing on the image data, and controls the heating temperature in the fixing device 122 or continuously. A control unit 130 that controls the conveyance speed of the paper CP is provided. The control unit 130 corresponds to an example of a color material control unit and a heating control unit according to the present invention.

  The continuous paper CP on which the toner image is fixed is sent to the third casing 100c and laminated. That is, in the third housing 100c, a feeding roll 141 for feeding out a resin film with an adhesive, a peeling roll 142 for peeling the release paper (back paper) from the film, and a recovery for collecting the peeled release paper. A laminator 140 including a roll 143 and a sticking roll 144 for attaching a film from which the release paper has been peeled and the adhesive is exposed to the continuous paper CP is incorporated. Then, the laminator 140 continuously bonds the film to the continuous paper CP, and the surface of the continuous paper CP is laminated.

  The continuous paper CP that has been subjected to the laminating process is fed into the fourth housing 100d, and taken up by the winding device 152 through the tension roll 151 that absorbs the slackness of the continuous paper CP.

  On the fourth housing 100d, a monitor 131 for displaying various states of the image forming apparatus 100 and an operation panel 132 for receiving an operation by the operator are arranged.

  The above-described third casing 100c is a casing that can be freely assembled and removed with respect to the image forming apparatus 100. Both the image forming apparatus 100, the mode in which the laminating process is performed, and the mode in which the laminating process is not performed are performed. Has a mode.

  In such an image forming apparatus 100 as well, the total toner amount is regulated by a procedure similar to the procedure shown in the flowchart of FIG. 3, and the adhesion strength of the laminating process is improved.

  In the above description, an example in which a laminator is incorporated in the image forming apparatus is shown, but the laminator is not essential in the image forming apparatus of the present invention, and a mode in which lamination processing by another apparatus is scheduled, It may have a mode in which laminating is not scheduled.

  In the above description, a tandem type printer is illustrated as an embodiment of the image forming apparatus of the present invention. However, the image forming apparatus of the present invention may be a revolver type printer, a copier or a facsimile machine. Or a multifunction machine.

  In the above description, as an embodiment of the image forming apparatus of the present invention, an indirect transfer type image forming apparatus in which a toner image is transferred onto a sheet from a photoreceptor via an intermediate transfer belt is illustrated. The image forming apparatus of the present invention may be a direct transfer type image forming apparatus in which a toner image is directly transferred from a photosensitive member onto a sheet.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10,100 ... Image forming apparatus 13, 113 ... Image forming unit 14, 114 ... Intermediate transfer belt 22, 122 ... Fixing device, 40, 140 ... Laminator, 30, 130 ... Control part

Claims (6)

A former that forms an image on a recording material with a color material that melts by heating;
A fixing device for fixing the image by heating the recording material;
A color material that limits the amount of the color material used in image formation of the forming device to a smaller amount when the coating of the recording material after image fixing is planned than when the coating is not planned A control unit;
An image forming apparatus comprising: A first forming operation in which the forming device forms an image using a part of the color materials selected from the plurality of color materials, and the number of colors of the color materials used in the first forming operation. A second forming operation for forming an image by using a color material having a large number of colors;
When the color material control unit is in the case of the second forming operation and the coating is planned, the amount of the color material used is smaller than that in the case where the coating is not planned. 2. The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the image forming apparatus is limited. The forming device forms an image using a first type of color material mainly responsible for the color configuration of the image and a second type of color material that supplements at least one of the color and quality of the image,
The color material control unit is configured to limit the usage amount of the second type of color material rather than the usage amount of the first type of color material so that the coating is scheduled. Item 3. The image forming apparatus according to Item 1 or 2. A former that forms an image on a recording material with a color material that melts by heating;
A fixing device for fixing the image by heating the recording material;
A heating control unit configured to heat the recording material in the fixing device when the coating of the recording material after image fixing is scheduled, and to lower the temperature than when the coating is not planned;
An image forming apparatus comprising: The amount of the color material used in image formation of an image forming apparatus that forms an image on the recording material with a color material that melts by heating and heats the recording material to fix the image is used as the recording material after fixing the image. If the coating is not scheduled for the first use amount,
The amount of the color material used in the image formation is limited to a second usage amount that is smaller than the first usage amount when the coating is planned. Color material control device. Built in a control device of an image forming apparatus that forms an image on a recording material with a color material that melts by heating and heats the recording material to fix the image.
The amount of the color material used in the image formation of the image forming apparatus is a first amount used when the recording material is not covered after the image is fixed.
When the coating is scheduled, the amount of the color material used in the image formation is operated as a color material control device that limits the amount to the second amount of use that is smaller than the first amount of use. A color material control program.

Images