JP2018012047A - Sorting device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently sort a processed object with foreign matters mixed.SOLUTION: A sorting device 10 includes a drum 20 which rotates around a rotation axis 21 while housing a processed object P, and a sieve surface part 30 arranged on an inner surface 20s of the drum 20. The foreign matters F mixed in the processed object P are hooked by a protrusion part 40 protruded from the inner surface 20s in conjunction with rotation of the drum 20, are turned upside down, are lifted to an upper part of an inside 20in of the drum 20, and are removed from the protrusion part 40 and are dropped on the inner surface 20s. Thereby, the processed object P with the foreign matters F adhered is separated from the foreign matters F by impact of turning upside down and dropping, and the processed object P is sorted by the sieve surface part 30 to sort the processed object P with the foreign matter F mixed more efficiently. The protrusion part 40 has a length 40L in a direction vertical to the rotation axis 21 equal to or longer than a length 40l in a direction parallel to the rotation axis 21. The foreign matters F are easily hooked to the protrusion part 40, the foreign matters F are easily removed from the protrusion part 40, and strength and durability of the protrusion part 40 are high.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a sorting apparatus.

  A sorting device has been proposed for sorting workpieces. For example, in Patent Document 1, an object to be processed such as household waste or industrial waste is accommodated therein, a drum that rotates around a rotation shaft, an inner surface of the drum, and is accommodated inside the drum. There is disclosed a trommel type waste sorting apparatus provided with a through-hole serving as a sieve for sorting a workpiece and discharging it to the outer surface of a drum. On the inner surface of the drum, a plurality of scraping blades of the drum are erected so as to extend along the spiral direction. By sending air to the raking blade, a spiral airflow is formed inside the drum.

Japanese Patent No. 4914904

  By the way, when sorting objects to be processed such as soil in a plant that modifies the soil, the soil that is the object to be processed is the flexible container bag (Flexible Containers) that wrapped the soil during transportation to the plant. There may be foreign matter such as debris. If foreign matter such as a flexible container bag is mixed in the soil that is the object to be treated, the soil is housed inside the drum while the soil is stuck in a lump to the foreign matter. In some cases, the soil which is not treated is not separated from the soil.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a sorting apparatus that can more efficiently sort an object to be treated mixed with foreign matters.

  The present invention accommodates an object to be processed inside, a drum that rotates around a rotating shaft, and an inner surface of the drum. The object to be processed accommodated inside the drum is selected and discharged to the outer surface of the drum. Projecting from a part of the inner surface of the drum in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis of the inner surface of the drum and the length in the direction perpendicular to the rotation axis of the inner surface of the drum being parallel to the rotation axis of the inner surface of the drum It is a sorter provided with a projection part more than the length in a direction.

  According to this configuration, the object to be processed such as soil is accommodated therein, the drum that rotates around the rotation shaft, and the object to be processed that is provided on the inner surface of the drum and accommodated inside the drum is selected. In a sorting apparatus having a sieve surface portion that discharges to the outer surface of the drum, the protrusions projecting from a part of the inner surface of the drum in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis of the inner surface of the drum, to be processed along with the rotation of the drum A foreign object such as a flexible container bag mixed in an object is caught and can be turned upside down (turned upside down) and lifted up inside the drum. Because foreign objects such as flexible container bags that enclose the object to be processed are turned upside down by turning upside down, the object to be processed enclosed by the foreign object is knocked out on the inner surface of the drum, and the object to be processed that is squeezed out from the foreign object is sieved. Sorted by the surface portion and discharged to the outer surface of the drum. In addition, since the foreign matter caught on the protrusion is removed from the protrusion above the inside of the drum and then dropped onto the inner surface of the drum, the workpiece attached to the foreign matter is peeled off from the foreign matter by the impact of the drop, The object to be processed peeled off is sorted out by the sieving surface portion and discharged to the outer surface of the drum. Thereby, it becomes possible to more efficiently sort the object to be processed in which foreign matters are mixed. Since the length of the protrusion in the direction perpendicular to the rotation axis of the inner surface of the drum is equal to or greater than the length in the direction parallel to the rotation axis of the inner surface of the drum, the length of the protrusion in the direction perpendicular to the rotation axis of the drum rotates. Compared to the case where the length is less than the length in the direction parallel to the axis, the foreign matter is easily caught on the projection, the foreign matter caught on the projection is easily removed from the projection, and the strength and durability of the projection are high.

  In this case, it is preferable that the protrusion has a plate shape having front and back surfaces parallel to a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis of the inner surface of the drum.

  According to this configuration, since the protrusion has a plate shape having front and back surfaces parallel to the direction perpendicular to the rotation axis of the inner surface of the drum, the protrusion is parallel to the direction perpendicular to the rotation axis of the inner surface of the drum. Compared to the shape having no front and back surfaces, the foreign matter is easily caught on the projection, the foreign matter caught on the projection is easily removed from the projection, and the strength and durability of the projection are high.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the protrusion and the sieve surface are disposed at positions facing each other across the rotation axis of the drum.

  According to this configuration, the protrusion and the sieve surface portion are disposed at positions facing each other across the rotation axis of the drum, so that the protrusion is hooked on the protrusion and the inside of the drum is located above the drum. The foreign matter that is lifted and removed from the protruding portion above the inside of the drum easily falls onto the sieve surface portion. Therefore, it becomes easy to sort the processing object peeled off from the foreign matter by the sieving surface portion and discharge it to the outer surface of the drum.

  The protrusions are arranged at equal intervals in the direction perpendicular to the rotation axis of the inner surface of the drum, and the sieve surface portions are arranged at equal intervals in the direction perpendicular to the rotation axis of the inner surface of the drum. Is preferred.

  According to this configuration, since the protrusions and the sieve surface are arranged at equal intervals in the direction perpendicular to the rotation axis of the inner surface of the drum, the foreign matter is continuously projected as the drum rotates. It becomes easy to be caught on the object, and the object to be processed separated from the foreign matter detached from the protrusion is easily selected by the sieving surface part and discharged to the outer surface of the drum.

  In addition, in the direction perpendicular to the rotation axis of the inner surface of the drum, it is preferable that the protrusion has a chamfered portion at at least one end in the direction opposite to the drum rotation direction and the drum rotation direction.

  According to this configuration, in the direction perpendicular to the rotation axis of the inner surface of the drum, the protrusion has the chamfered portion at least one end in the direction opposite to the rotation direction of the drum and the rotation direction of the drum. It becomes easy for the foreign matter caught by the part to come off from the protrusion.

  In addition, it is preferable to further include a blower that blows air from one end of the drum toward the other end in a direction parallel to the rotation axis inside the drum.

  According to this configuration, the air blower blows air from one end of the drum to the other end in a direction parallel to the rotation axis inside the drum. It is easy to discharge the foreign matter to the outer surface of the drum.

  According to the sorting apparatus of the present invention, it is possible to more efficiently sort an object to be processed mixed with foreign matters.

It is a figure showing each process of a soil reforming plant to which a sorting device concerning an embodiment is applied. (A) is the side view of the sorting device concerning an embodiment, and (B) is the figure which looked at the sorting device of (A) from the end of a drum. (A) is a figure which shows the state in which the foreign material F hooked by the projection part was lifted upwards inside the drum, (B) is a figure which the foreign material F hooked by the projection part removed from the projection part, and the inner surface of a drum It is a figure which shows the state dropped by.

  Hereinafter, a sorting device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  The sorting device of this embodiment is applied in a soil reforming plant 1 as shown in FIG. In the soil reforming plant 1, an unloading process 2, a bag breaking process 3, a primary sorting process 4, a soil reforming process 5 and a secondary sorting process 7 are performed. In the unloading process 2, unloading of the soil, which is the object to be processed, that has been transported to the soil reforming plant 1 in a state of being wrapped in a flexible container bag is performed. In the bag breaking process 3, the flexible container bag that has wrapped the soil is broken. In the primary separation step 4, the soil is selected based on the particle size of the soil. In the soil reforming step 5, the soil is reformed by introducing the soil selected in the primary separation step 4 and the modifying material 6 for modifying the soil into a mixer. In the secondary separation step 7, for example, combustibles such as plants and roots in the soil are separated. The sorting device of the present embodiment is applied, for example, in the primary sorting process 4 or the secondary sorting process 7.

  As shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, the sorting device 10 according to this embodiment includes a drum 20, a sieve surface portion 30, and a protrusion 40. The drum 20 accommodates an object to be treated such as soil in the inside 20 in, and rotates around the rotation shaft 21 in the rotation direction R. The sieving surface portion 30 is provided on the inner surface 20 s of the drum 20, sorts the object to be processed accommodated in the inner 20 in of the drum 20, and discharges it to the outer surface 20 </ b> S of the drum 20. The plurality of protrusions 40 protrude from the inner surface 20 s of the drum 20.

  The drum 20 has a cylindrical shape. The diameter of the drum 20 is, for example, 1.0 to 2.0 [m], and the total length of the drum 20 is, for example, 5.0 to 8.0 [m]. The drum 20 has a rail 22 on the outer peripheral surface in the vicinity of one end 20f of the cylindrical bottom surface. The rail 22 is supported by a bearing 23 including a plurality of rollers (not shown) so that the drum 20 can rotate around the rotation shaft 21. The drum 20 has a rack-shaped drum outer peripheral gear 24 on the outer peripheral surface in the vicinity of the other end 20r of the cylindrical bottom surface. The drum outer peripheral gear 24 meshes with a pinion gear 26 that is rotated by a drum drive motor 25. The drum drive motor 25 rotates the drum 20 around the rotation shaft 21 in the rotation direction R at an arbitrary rotation speed. The rotation speed of the drum 20 is, for example, 5 to 10 [rpm].

  The drum 20 has an inner surface of a drum blade 27 that feeds the workpiece P accommodated in the inside 20 in of the drum 20 from one end 20f of the drum 20 to the other end 20r in the direction along the rotary shaft 21 as the drum 20 rotates. 20s. In the present embodiment, 3 to 6 drum blades 27 are arranged in the direction perpendicular to the rotation shaft 21 of the inner surface 20s of the drum 20 so that the adjacent drum blades 27 are equally spaced. In addition, at five locations in the direction parallel to the rotation shaft 21 of the inner surface 20s of the drum 20, similarly, three to six drum blades are equally spaced in the direction perpendicular to the rotation shaft 21 of the inner surface 20s of the drum 20. Has been placed. The height of the drum blade 27 from the inner surface 20s of the drum 20 is, for example, 10 [cm]. The quantity and angle of the drum blade 27 are changed according to the residence time of the workpiece P in the interior 20 in of the drum 20.

  The sieve surface portion 30 is provided with a plurality of through-holes 31 for selecting the workpiece P by its particle size. The size of the through hole 31 is set according to the particle size of the workpiece P to be selected. The protruding portion 40 and the sieve surface portion 30 are disposed at positions facing each other with the rotating shaft 21 of the drum 20 interposed therebetween. In addition, in the direction perpendicular to the rotation shaft 21 of the inner surface 20s of the drum 20, the sieve surface portions 30 are arranged at equal intervals.

  The protrusion 40 protrudes from a partial range of the inner surface 20 s of the drum 20 in a direction perpendicular to the rotation shaft 21 of the inner surface 20 s of the drum 20. The length 40L of the protrusion 40 in the direction perpendicular to the rotation axis 21 of the inner surface 20s of the drum 20 is 40 l or more in the direction parallel to the rotation axis 21 of the inner surface 20s of the protrusion 20 of the drum 20. More specifically, the protrusion 40 has a plate shape having front and back surfaces 40 s that are parallel to a direction perpendicular to the rotation shaft 21 of the inner surface 20 s of the drum 20. The length 40L in the direction perpendicular to the rotation shaft 21 of the inner surface 20s of the drum 20 of the protrusion 40 is, for example, 10 [cm]. The length 40l of the protrusion 40 in the direction parallel to the rotation shaft 21 of the inner surface 20s of the drum 20 is 9 [mm], for example. The height of the protrusion 40 from the inner surface 20s of the drum 20 is, for example, 20 [cm].

  As described above, the protruding portion 40 and the sieve surface portion 30 are disposed at positions facing each other with the rotation shaft 21 of the drum 20 interposed therebetween. In the direction perpendicular to the rotation shaft 21 of the inner surface 20s of the drum 20, the protrusions 40 are arranged at equal intervals. In the present embodiment, the three protrusions 40 are arranged at equal intervals in the direction perpendicular to the rotation shaft 21 of the inner surface 20 s of the drum 20. Similarly, at 4 to 8 positions in the direction parallel to the rotation shaft 21 of the inner surface 20s of the drum 20, the three drum blades are equally spaced in the direction perpendicular to the rotation shaft 21 of the inner surface 20s of the drum 20. Has been placed. Note that the number of the protrusions 40 is arbitrary.

  In the direction perpendicular to the rotation axis 21 of the inner surface 20 s of the drum 20, the protrusion 40 has a chamfered portion 40 c at at least one end in the direction opposite to the rotation direction R of the drum 20 and the rotation direction R of the drum 20. In this embodiment, the protrusion 40 has chamfered portions 40 c at both ends of the rotation direction R of the drum 20 and the direction opposite to the rotation direction R of the drum 20.

  On the side of one end 20 f of the drum 20, the sorting device 10 further includes a loading unit 50 for loading the workpiece P into the inside 20 in of the drum 20. On the side of the other end 20r of the drum 20, the sorting device 10 further includes a discharge unit 60 for carrying out foreign matters such as the object to be processed and the flexible container bag remaining without passing through the through hole 31 of the sieve surface part 30 to the next process. Prepare. The discharge unit 60 includes a screw conveyor 61 for transporting the processed workpiece P.

  The drum 20, the input unit 50, and the discharge unit 60 are supported by a base 70. The base 70 has an opening (not shown) so that an object to be processed that has passed through the through hole 31 of the sieve surface portion 30 can pass through. The objects to be processed that have passed through the through holes 31 of the sieving surface 30 and the openings of the base 70 are collected by the undershoot 71 at the bottom of the base 70 and carried to the next step.

  The sorting device 10 further includes a blower 80 that blows air from one end 20f of the drum 20 toward the other end 20r in a direction parallel to the rotation shaft 21 of the inside 20in of the drum 20. As the drum 20 rotates, the foreign matter such as the flexible container bag is more likely to be removed from the drum 20 than the speed at which the object to be treated such as soil is conveyed from the one end 20f to the other end 20r by the drum blade 27 on the inner surface 20s of the drum 20. There is a case where it tends to be stagnant inside 20in and not easily proceed. For this reason, the amount of air blown by the air blowing unit 80 is considerably large, and for example, it is preferable that the charging unit 50 set 10 [m / s].

  Hereinafter, the operation and effect of the sorting apparatus 10 of the present embodiment will be described. When the material that has wrapped the soil with a flexible container bag or the like is broken, the pieces of the flexible container bag cut to a length of about 0.1 to 1 [m] are mixed with the soil. Even if the soil in this state is simply passed through a rotary sieve or a vibrating sieve, the fragments of the flexible container bag may flow through the sieve with the soil on top, or the fragments of the flexible container bag may Since it may be held in a lump shape, it is difficult to separate the soil and the flexible container bag. In general, the rotary sieve functions effectively only about 1/2 in total on the lower surface and the side surface with respect to the entire circumference in the direction perpendicular to the rotation axis. Particularly, a large piece of flexible container bag does not climb the inner surface of the sieve due to its gravity and falls below the sieve. In order to separate the flexible container bag from the soil, it is necessary to turn the flexible container bag upside down to knock the soil on the flexible container bag or the soil held by the flexible container bag. If you climb to a sufficient height and change the direction as much as possible 180 degrees, the effect cannot be expressed.

  On the other hand, in the present embodiment, the workpiece P such as soil is accommodated in the interior 20in, provided on the drum 20 rotating around the rotation shaft 21 and the inner surface 20s of the drum 20, and accommodated in the interior 20in of the drum 20. As shown in FIG. 3 (A), in the sorting device 10 including the sieve surface portion 30 that sorts the processed material P and discharges it to the outer surface 20S of the drum 20, the rotating shaft 21 on the inner surface 20s of the drum 20 is provided. The projection 40 protruding from a part of the inner surface 20s of the drum 20 in the vertical direction causes the foreign matter F such as a flexible container bag mixed in the workpiece P to be caught by the rotation of the drum 20, and the top and bottom is turned over. At the same time, it is lifted above the interior 20 in of the drum 20. Since the foreign matter F such as the flexible container bag that wraps the workpiece P is turned upside down, the workpiece wrapped in the foreign matter F is knocked out of the inner surface 20s of the drum 20 and knocked out of the foreign matter F. The processed material P is sorted by the sieving surface portion 30 and discharged to the outer surface 20S of the drum 20.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 3B, the foreign matter F caught on the projection 40 is dropped on the inner surface 20s of the drum 20 after being removed from the projection 40 above the inside 20in of the drum 20, so that the foreign matter F The workpiece P attached to the foreign matter F is peeled off from the foreign matter F by the impact of dropping, and the workpiece P peeled off from the foreign matter F is selected by the sieving surface portion 30 and It is discharged to the outer surface 20S. As a result, it becomes possible to more efficiently sort the workpiece P in which the foreign matter F is mixed. The protrusion 40 has a length 40L in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis 21 of the inner surface 20s of the drum 20 that is 40 l or more in a direction parallel to the rotation axis 21 of the inner surface 20s of the drum 20. Compared with the case where the length 40L in the direction perpendicular to the shaft 21 is less than the length 40l in the direction parallel to the rotation shaft 21, the foreign matter F is easily caught on the projection 40, and the foreign matter F caught on the projection 40 is The protrusion 40 is easy to come off, and the protrusion 40 has high strength and durability.

  Further, since the protrusion 40 has a plate shape having front and back surfaces 40 s parallel to the direction perpendicular to the rotation axis 21 of the inner surface 20 s of the drum 20, the protrusion 40 is perpendicular to the rotation shaft 21 of the inner surface 20 s of the drum 20. Compared to the case where the shape does not have the front and back surfaces 40 s parallel to any direction, the foreign matter F is easily caught on the projection 40, and the foreign matter F caught on the projection 40 is easily removed from the projection 40, and the projection 40 High strength and durability.

  The protrusion 40 has a plate shape having front and back surfaces 40 s parallel to the direction parallel to the rotation axis 21 of the inner surface 20 s of the drum 20, and the length 40 l of the protrusion 40 in the direction parallel to the rotation axis 21. Is sufficiently small, there is a possibility that the protrusion 40 can easily catch the foreign matter F. However, in this case, as the drum 20 rotates, there is a possibility that the movement of the workpiece P that travels in the inner 20 in of the drum 20 in a direction parallel to the rotation shaft 21 may be hindered. Therefore, the protrusion 40 preferably has a plate-like shape having front and back surfaces 40 s parallel to the direction perpendicular to the rotation shaft 21 of the inner surface 20 s of the drum 20.

  Further, since the protrusion 40 and the screen portion 30 are disposed at positions facing each other across the rotation shaft 21 of the drum 20, the protrusion 40 is caught by the protrusion 40 as the drum 20 rotates, and the interior of the drum 20 is The foreign matter F that is lifted above 20 in and removed from the protrusion 40 above the inside 20 in of the drum 20 easily falls onto the sieve surface 30. Therefore, it becomes easy to sort the workpiece P peeled off from the foreign matter F by the sieve surface portion 30 and discharge it to the outer surface 20S of the drum 20.

  Further, since each of the protrusions 40 and the sieve surface 30 is arranged at equal intervals in the direction perpendicular to the rotation shaft 21 of the inner surface 20s of the drum 20, the foreign matter F is continuously interrupted as the drum 20 rotates. Is easily caught on the protrusion 40, and the workpiece P separated from the foreign matter F detached from the protrusion 40 is easily selected by the sieving surface 30 and discharged onto the outer surface 20S of the drum 20.

  In the direction perpendicular to the rotation axis 21 of the inner surface 20 s of the drum 20, the protrusion 40 has a chamfered portion 40 c at at least one end in the direction opposite to the rotation direction R of the drum 20 and the rotation direction R of the drum 20. Therefore, the foreign matter F caught on the protrusion 40 is easily removed from the protrusion 40.

  Further, since air is blown from the one end 20f of the drum 20 toward the other end 20r by the blower 80 in a direction parallel to the rotation axis 21 of the inside 20in of the drum 20, the protrusion 40 is located above the inside 20in of the drum 20. The foreign matter F that is removed from the drum 20 is sent out from the one end 20f of the drum 20 toward the other end 20r, and the foreign matter F is easily discharged to the outer surface 20S of the drum 20.

  As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was described, this invention is implemented in various forms, without being limited to the said embodiment. For example, the shape of the drum 20 is not limited to a cylindrical shape, and may be a hollow polygonal column shape or other shapes. Further, the rotating shaft 21 does not necessarily pass through the center (center of gravity) of the drum 20.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Soil reforming plant, 2 ... Unloading process, 3 ... Bag-breaking process, 4 ... Primary fractionation process, 5 ... Soil modification process, 6 ... Modified material, 7 ... Secondary fractionation process, 10 ... Sorting device, DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 20 ... Drum, 20in ... Inside, 20s ... Inner surface, 20S ... Outer surface, 20f ... One end, 20r ... Other end, 21 ... Rotating shaft, 22 ... Rail, 23 ... Bearing, 24 ... Drum outer periphery gear, 25 ... Drum drive motor, 26 ... Pinion gear, 27 ... Drum blade, 30 ... Sieve surface part, 31 ... Through hole, 40 ... Projection part, 40L, 40l ... Length, 40s ... Front and back surfaces, 40c ... Chamfering part, 50 ... Input part, 60 ... Discharge unit, 61 ... screw conveyor, 70 ... base, 71 ... undershoot, R ... rotational direction, P ... workpiece, F ... foreign matter.

Claims (6)

A drum that accommodates an object to be processed therein and rotates around a rotation axis;
A sieve surface portion that is provided on the inner surface of the drum and that sorts out the object to be processed accommodated in the drum and discharges it to the outer surface of the drum;
The inner surface of the drum protrudes from a part of the inner surface of the drum in a direction perpendicular to the rotational axis, and the length of the inner surface of the drum in the direction perpendicular to the rotational axis is the length of the inner surface of the drum. A protrusion that is longer than a length in a direction parallel to the rotation axis;
Sorting device equipped with.   The sorting device according to claim 1, wherein the protrusion has a plate-like shape having front and back surfaces parallel to a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis of the inner surface of the drum.   The sorting device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the protruding portion and the sieve surface portion are arranged at positions facing each other across the rotation shaft of the drum. In the direction perpendicular to the rotation axis of the inner surface of the drum, the protrusions are arranged at equal intervals from each other,
The sorting device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the sieve surface portions are arranged at equal intervals in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis of the inner surface of the drum.   The protrusion has a chamfered portion at at least one end in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis of the inner surface of the drum in a direction opposite to the rotation direction of the drum and the rotation direction of the drum. The sorting apparatus according to any one of 1 to 4.   The sorting device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a blower that blows air from one end of the drum toward the other end in a direction parallel to the rotation axis inside the drum.

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