JP2018011585A - Fiber greening material - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a planting base material that is obtained by molding an imperishable fiber without using a synthetic resin adhesive, which contaminates the global environment and causes the warming, and that facilitates greening of cities, rooftops, steep roofs or wall surfaces.SOLUTION: A molded fiber greening material is obtained by solidifying fiber materials using plant rhizomes.SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

  The present invention relates to a fibrous greening material useful as a planting base (soil material) for urban greening.

  Special coniferous bark improving material used as a planting base material for urban greening is a coniferous or cypress (hinoki, hiba, asunaro, etc.) coniferous bark that has been treated to provide water retention. is there. Special coniferous bark improving material has a large gas phase rate, has an appropriate water retention and water permeability, and because of the bactericidal effect inherent in coniferous bark, the plant grows well, so on artificial ground such as rooftop greening Expected as a soil substitute.

However, the special coniferous bark improving material is a material made of a fiber, and it is difficult to flatten the floor when leveling, and the workability is poor. Moreover, since it is lightweight, it is difficult to maintain the shape, and when used on a wall surface, it is easy to drop off and peel off by wind.
For this reason, if a special coniferous bark improving material is molded into a block shape, a sheet shape, a plate shape, or the like, it can be laid and can be prevented from being peeled off by wind. When mortar or the like is used for hardening, not only the softness that is an advantage of the special coniferous bark improving material is lost, but also the weight becomes heavy. In addition, when it is hardened with a chemically produced synthetic resin adhesive, the cost to the environment is increased in addition to the high cost. Under these circumstances, a technique for solidifying the special coniferous bark improving material by an easy, inexpensive method that is environmentally friendly has been desired.

  The object of the present invention is to mold immortal fiber without using synthetic resin adhesive that pollutes the global environment and causes global warming, and facilitates urban greening, rooftop greening, steep roof greening, wall greening, etc. It is to provide planting base materials to be made.

  As a result of intensive research without being constrained by the common knowledge of the academic society and industry that the synthetic resin adhesive is used for solidification, the present inventors have immortalized by the binding force by the roots of plants that could not be considered in the conventional concept. The present invention has been completed by further research and finding that the fibrous fiber material is hardened by a simple method.

  That is, the present invention relates to a molded fibrous greening material characterized in that a fibrous material is consolidated using a rhizome of a plant.

Since the fibrous greening material of the present invention is solidified using a plant rhizome without using a synthetic resin adhesive, it is friendly to the environment and the plant to be planted. Moreover, while having a light weight, it has an appropriate strength and can be easily molded into a block shape, a sheet shape or a plate shape.
Furthermore, since a fibrous material is used, fine roots are well developed and air permeability is good, so that it is easy to dry.
In particular, when a hard-to-rot bark fiber material is used as the fiber material, the fiber material is fixed by the bactericidal power, insecticidal power, appropriate air permeability, water retention and water permeability derived from the bark fiber. It is good for the growth of rhizomes of plants for tying and the growth of plants to be planted.

Examples of the “fibrous material” used in the present invention include a perishable bark fiber material, a natural fiber material, or a synthetic fiber material.
As the perfusable bark fiber material, coniferous bark fiber or coconut fiber fiber such as cedar family or cypress family (cedar, cypress, hiba or asunaro) is used.
As the natural fiber material, cotton, hemp, wool, or the like is used, and as the synthetic fiber, nylon, polyester fiber, polyvinyl fiber, or the like is used. These natural or synthetic fibers have the merit that industrial waste products that have become waste such as scraps can be effectively used.
The “fibrous material” used in the present invention has a fiber thickness of 10 mm or less (preferably 5 mm or less) 90% or more and a fiber length of 100 mm or less (preferably 70 mm or less) 85% or more.
Moreover, it preserve | saved for one year on 20 degreeC and RH98% or more conditions, and the decomposition rate of a fiber is 20% or less, Preferably it is 7.5% or less. The fiber decomposition rate is calculated by shaking and extracting in water at 20 ° C. for 2 hours and measuring the nitrogen content eluted in water.
As the “fibrous material” used in the present invention, it contains natural bactericidal and insecticidal components, has an appropriate water retention and water permeability, prevents plant root rot, and improves the growth of plants. In view of being able to be achieved, a perishable bark fiber material is preferable, and natural and synthetic fiber materials can be used in any mixture, and there is no limitation.

  The “plant rhizome” used in the present invention can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose and place of greening, and is not particularly limited as long as it is a fine-rooted herb or woody rhizome. Herbs that grow quickly and have fine roots, for example, grassy plants such as lawn, clover, daikandora, sardine, hedera, and rhizomes of vines are preferred.

The “fibrous planting material” of the present invention can be produced by solidifying a fibrous material using a plant rhizome and molding it. Specifically, spread the fiber material on a plastic case with no gaps or flat ground (usually 3 to 20 cm thick, determine the thickness according to the application) and apply fertilizer as necessary. Then, plant seeds on it. The plant is allowed to grow for several tens of days, and when the rhizome is fully extended to the bottom of the material, the material is removed from the case or the ground. If a certain standard partition is installed in the material in advance, the plant rhizome is entangled in the material, and the fiber greening material molded to the certain standard is completed.
About the plant body which remains on the upper part of fibrous greening material, it is also possible to construct and utilize as it is. When it becomes a base for growing various plants, the plant remaining on the upper part of the fibrous greening material is cut, dried, stored, and used during construction.

In the present invention, it is possible to mold a green molded product having any shape depending on the shape of the mold into which the fibrous material is placed. If formwork materials of various shapes are installed, molded products of any shape can be completed. For example, in addition to commonly used block shapes, sheet shapes, plate shapes, rod shapes, columnar shapes, flower pot shapes, disk shapes, conical shapes, triangular pyramid shapes, elongated rail shapes, tatami shapes, mat shapes, curved shapes, etc. Can be molded.
In wall greening and the like, it is necessary to provide a material hook and a planting hole, so it is effective at the time of construction if a hole is made in advance during molding. An irrigation tube can also be embedded in advance. You can add holes and grooves to embed plants, or have irregularities for fixing.

“Fiber replanting material” of the present invention is constructed on artificial ground such as rooftop greening as a planting base material, and planted with lawns, ground cover plants, flowers, vegetables, woods, etc. It can be carried out. In particular, when a special shape is required for the planting base in accordance with the type of tree or the shape of the site, it may be formed in advance into a block having a required shape. In addition, greenery can be temporarily planted on artificial ground such as asphalt or concrete, so it can be used for various events such as sports.
Further, in the all-weather pavement athletic stadium, if the product of the present invention molded into a block shape is used, it can be temporarily changed to a turf pavement such as a soccer field or a rugby field, and the removal is easy. If the specifications such as the strength of the pavement can be raised to the official competition specifications, it can be used for the World Cup, etc., so there is no need to newly establish a dedicated stadium.
Wall greening can also be molded into the required block or plate in advance according to the shape of the wall, so installation and maintenance during construction are easy. In addition, in the sloped roof, the simple construction of arranging the blocks prevents the blocks from sliding down and is effective for greening the sloped roof.
Furthermore, since it is excellent also in the heat insulation effect, it can also be utilized as a heat insulating material.

  Examples are shown below, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

Immortal surface-active bark fiber (trade name: E soil; manufactured by Obayashi Environmental Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd.) is spread over a plastic container to a thickness of 15 cm, and a special fertilizer (trade name: Green Energy; Obayashi Environmental Technology Co., Ltd.). 0.15 kg fertilizer was applied per 1 m ² . Zoysia seed 1 m ² per seeded with 10g mixed by stirring on a surface depth 3 to 5 cm, the rolling pressure, water spray to obtain a lawn block product was cured for 30 days. As it was, it was spread and installed on the flat rooftop, sloped rooftop, wall surface and ground.
Also, the lawn block product lawn is cut and dried as it is, the lawn is withered, stored in the warehouse, taken out at the time of construction, immediately laid out, and planted with lawn, ground cover plants, flowers, fruit vegetables, woody plants. It was.
All of the block products grew well and were able to produce a variety of greening.

Immortalized surface-active bark fiber (trade name: E soil; manufactured by Obayashi Environmental Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd.) and 25% wool waste (combination product) on a plastic sheet with a thickness of 6.5cm. Then, a special fertilizer (trade name: Green Energy; manufactured by Obayashi Environmental Technology Laboratory Co., Ltd.) was fertilized in an amount of 0.1 kg per 1 m ² . 5.5 g per 1 m ^{2 of} lawn seeds was sown, stirred and mixed in E soil, rolled, sprinkled, and cured for 40 days to obtain a lawn sheet product. I put this on the park plaza passage and the floor of the event hall.
The construction was completed immediately and simple greening that did not require a curing period was possible.

Immortal surface-active bark fiber (trade name: E soil; manufactured by Obayashi Environmental Technology Laboratory Co., Ltd.) is spread over a wooden container to a thickness of 25 cm, and a special fertilizer (trade name: Green Energy; Obayashi Environmental Technology Co., Ltd.). 0.18 kg fertilizer was applied per 1 m ² . 25 g per 1 m ^{2 of} Kentucky bluegrass seeds was sown, stirred and mixed in E soil, rolled, sprinkled, and cured for 20 days. After that, a 10 cm hole was drilled and planted with flowers and rose shrubs. Bolt holes for mounting were made on the wall surface, and the greening block product was attached to the wall surface.
All of the block products were able to grow plants well and green the walls.

A cedar and cypress bark pulverized to a fiber thickness of 0.5 cm or less and a fiber length of 5.5 cm or less, spread on a metal container to a thickness of 30 cm, and special fertilizer (trade name: Green Energy; ) Obayashi were seeded environmental technology Research Institute, Ltd.) 1m ² per 0.2kg fertilizing the Bermuda grass seed 1m ² per 30g, mixed and stirred in E soil, pressure rolling, water spray, was cured for 25 days. After that, it was spread on the kindergarten garden, soccer ground and veranda.
All of the block products grew well on the lawn and were able to be planted instantly.

Cotton fiber litter (fiber thickness 0.03 to 0.10 cm, fiber length 0.2 to 7.2 cm) was spread on a plastic container to a thickness of 8 cm, and 0.06 kg per 1 m ^{2 of} chemical granular fertilizer was applied. 100 g / m ^{2 of} stalks and leaves cut from Iwadareso were sprinkled, stirred and mixed with cotton fiber litter, sprinkled and sprinkled, and cured for 40 days. Cotton fiber scraps were solidified with roots rooted from the cut foliage of Iwadaresou, planted holes were planted, and flowers were planted and attached to the roof of the shuttle bus.
All of the block products grew well in the plant, and it was possible to green the shuttle bus with a stylish design.

Claims (5)

  A molded fiber greening material characterized in that a fibrous material is consolidated using a rhizome of a plant.   The material according to claim 1, wherein the fibrous material has a thickness of 10 mm or less and 90% or more and a length of 70 mm or less and 85% or more.   The material according to claim 1, wherein the fibrous material is a perishable bark fiber material, a natural fiber material, or a synthetic fiber material.   4. The material according to claim 3, wherein the bark fiber material is derived from a bark of cedar, cypress, hiba or asunaro or coconut shell.   The material according to claim 1, which is used as a planting base material, a heat insulating material or a wall material.