JP2018008643A - Work machine and method of attaching and detaching frame to and from body of work machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To suppress movement of a body relative to a frame after attaching the frame, and facilitate frame attaching/detaching work without causing problems such as forgetting to attach or losing an engaging pin.SOLUTION: In a state in which an engaging pin 20 is inserted into a groove 4x of a body 4a and a through hole 10x of a frame 10, respectively, the engaging pin is configured to take a first position and a second position where a smaller gap is formed between a wall 4w and the engaging pin as compared to a case when it is in the first position. In a frame attaching step, after the frame 10 is positioned with respect to the body 4a in a state in which the engaging pin 20 is in the first position, the frame 10 is attached to the body 4a with the engaging pin 20 in the second position. In a frame detaching step, the frame 10 attached to the body 4a in a state in which the engaging pin 20 is in the second position is detached from the body 4a with the engaging pin 20 in the first position.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

  The present invention relates to a work machine having a main body and a frame that is detachably attached to the main body, and a method for attaching and detaching the frame to the main body in the work machine.

  As an example of a work machine, for example, Patent Document 1 discloses a crawler crane (work machine) having a car body (main body) and a crawler frame (frame) that is detachably attached to the car body. In Patent Document 1, when a crawler frame is attached to a car body, the locking pin is inserted into a notch provided in the car body in a state where the locking pin (engagement pin) is inserted into the hole of the crawler frame. .

JP2012-188792A

  In Patent Document 1, in a state where the locking pin is inserted into each of the hole of the crawler frame and the cutout of the car body, the gap between the lock pin and the wall defining the cutout in the car body, There is no description of changing the gap between the wall defining the hole in the crawler frame. Therefore, it is assumed that the gap is constant when the crawler frame (frame) is attached to and detached from the car body (main body) and after the frame is attached to the main body. However, if the gap is constant, the following problems may occur when the gap is small and large.

  When the gap is small, the main body can be prevented from moving relative to the frame after the frame is attached (for example, the main body is shaken during work of the work machine), while a large load may be required when the frame is attached or detached. Detachment work can be difficult.

  When the gap is large, it is possible to prevent an increase in the load required at the time of attaching / detaching the frame by suppressing the catching at the engaging portion between the main body and the frame, and the frame attaching / detaching work can be easily performed. The frame cannot be firmly attached to the main body, and the main body moves with respect to the frame after the frame is attached (for example, the main body shakes during work of the work machine).

  Although it is conceivable to remove the engaging pin when the frame is attached or detached, forgetting to attach or losing the engaging pin becomes a problem.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a working machine capable of preventing the main body from moving with respect to the frame after the frame is attached without causing the problem of forgetting or losing the engagement pin, and easily performing the frame attaching / detaching operation. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for attaching / detaching a frame to / from a main body in a work machine.

  According to a first aspect of the present invention, a main body, a frame that is detachably attached to the main body, and a main body engagement hole provided in the main body and the frame are provided to attach the frame to the main body. An engagement pin inserted into each of the frame engagement holes, wherein the engagement pin is inserted into each of the main body engagement hole and the frame engagement hole, and the first position; A second position forming a small gap between the wall defining the body engaging hole in the body and at least one of the walls defining the frame engaging hole in the frame than when in the position. A work machine is provided that is configured as described above.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, a main body, a frame detachably attached to the main body, and a main body engagement hole provided in the main body and a frame provided in the frame for attaching the frame to the main body. An engagement pin inserted into each of the frame engagement holes, wherein the engagement pin is inserted into each of the main body engagement hole and the frame engagement hole, and the first position; A second position forming a small gap between the wall defining the body engaging hole in the body and at least one of the walls defining the frame engaging hole in the frame than when in the position. In the work machine configured as described above, a method for attaching and detaching the frame to and from the main body, wherein the engagement pin is in the first position with respect to the main body. A frame attaching step of attaching the frame to the main body with the engaging pin as the second position after positioning the ram; and the engaging pin being attached to the main body in the state of the second position. An attachment / detachment method is provided, comprising at least one of a frame removal step of removing the frame from the main body with the engagement pin as the first position.

  According to the first and second aspects, at the time of frame attachment / detachment, the engagement pin is set to the first position to increase the gap, thereby suppressing the catch at the engagement portion and increasing the load required at the time of frame attachment / detachment. This can be prevented, and the frame attaching / detaching work can be easily performed. After positioning the frame with respect to the main body, it is possible to suppress the main body from moving relative to the frame after the frame is attached by setting the engagement pin as the second position and reducing the gap. In addition, since it is not necessary to remove the engagement pin when attaching and detaching the frame, there is no problem of forgetting to attach or losing the engagement pin.

  The work machine according to the first aspect includes a main body connection hole provided at a position separated from the main body engagement hole in the main body in the radial direction of the engagement pin, and the diameter from the frame engagement hole in the frame. You may further provide the connection pin inserted in each of the flame | frame connection hole provided in the position spaced apart in the direction. The attachment / detachment method according to a second aspect is that, in the frame attachment step, after positioning the frame with respect to the main body in a state where the engagement pin is in the first position, the engagement pin is moved to the second position. Before the body engaging hole in the main body, the body connecting hole provided at a position spaced from the main body engaging hole in the radial direction of the engaging pin, and the position spaced from the frame engaging hole in the frame in the radial direction. After inserting the connection pin into each of the frame connection holes provided in the frame, and in the frame removal step, the engagement pin is set to the first position, and then the connection pin is inserted into the body connection hole and the frame connection hole. May be removed from each. According to the said structure, it can prevent that a flame | frame rotates with respect to a main body centering | focusing on an engagement pin or a connection pin by cooperation of an engagement pin and a connection pin.

  In the first aspect, one of the main body engagement hole and the frame engagement hole is a groove opened in a radial direction of the engagement pin, and the other of the main body engagement hole and the frame engagement hole is the In the radial cross section, the entire circumference may be a hole covered with the wall. In the second aspect, one of the main body engagement hole and the frame engagement hole is a groove opened in a radial direction of the engagement pin, and the other of the main body engagement hole and the frame engagement hole is the In the radial cross section, the entire circumference is a hole covered with the wall, and in the frame mounting step, the engagement pin is inserted into the other hole, and the engagement pin is inserted into the one groove. The frame is positioned with respect to the main body by inserting and moving the engagement pin along the one groove, and the engagement pin is inserted into the other hole in the frame removing step. In this state, the frame may be removed from the main body by moving the engagement pin along the one groove and separating the engagement pin from the one groove. According to this configuration, the frame attaching / detaching operation can be performed smoothly.

  In the first aspect, the engagement pin includes a cylindrical large-diameter portion and a cylindrical small-diameter portion having a smaller diameter than the large-diameter portion, and the large-diameter portion and the small-diameter portion are axes. May be juxtaposed in the longitudinal direction of the engagement pin so that they match. In the second aspect, the engagement pin includes a columnar large diameter portion and a columnar small diameter portion having a smaller diameter than the large diameter portion, and the large diameter portion and the small diameter portion have an axis line Are arranged in parallel in the longitudinal direction of the engaging pin, and by moving the engaging pin in the longitudinal direction, the engaging pin is switched between the first position and the second position. Good. According to this configuration, the engagement pin can be switched between the first position and the second position by a simple operation of moving the engagement pin in the longitudinal direction.

  In the first aspect, one main body engagement hole is disposed between the two frame engagement holes in the longitudinal direction, and corresponds to each of the two frame engagement holes in the longitudinal direction. One small diameter portion corresponding to the one main body engagement hole may be disposed between the two large diameter portions. In the second aspect, when the frame is attached to the main body, one main body engagement hole is arranged between the two frame engagement holes in the longitudinal direction, and in the frame attachment step, The frame is positioned with respect to the main body in a state where the two large diameter portions are inserted into the two frame engagement holes and the one small diameter portion is inserted into the one main body engagement hole. In the frame removing step, the two large diameter portions are inserted into the two frame engagement holes and the one small diameter portion is inserted into the one main body engagement hole. The frame may be removed from the body. According to this configuration, while the two large diameter portions are supported by the frame on both longitudinal sides of the small diameter portion, the gap between the small diameter portion and the wall defining the main body engagement hole in the main body is increased (that is, the engagement is performed). With the pin as the first position, the frame can be attached and detached while suppressing backlash.

  In the first aspect, the engagement pin includes a cylindrical large-diameter portion and a cylindrical small-diameter portion having a smaller diameter than the large-diameter portion, and the large-diameter portion and the small-diameter portion are axes. May be arranged in parallel in the longitudinal direction of the engagement pin so that the points on the circumference of the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the engagement pin are common. In the second aspect, the engagement pin includes a columnar large diameter portion and a columnar small diameter portion having a smaller diameter than the large diameter portion, and the large diameter portion and the small diameter portion have an axis line Are parallel to each other in the longitudinal direction of the engagement pin so that one point on the circumference of the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the engagement pin is common, and the engagement pin is The engagement pin may be switched between the first position and the second position by rotating about the axis of the diameter portion. According to this configuration, the engagement pin can be switched between the first position and the second position by a simple operation of rotating the engagement pin around the axis of the large diameter portion. Moreover, according to this configuration, even when the rotation amount of the engagement pin is small (that is, if the engagement pin is rotated even a little), the engagement pin can be switched between the first position and the second position. .

  In the first aspect, the engagement pin includes a cylindrical part and an elliptical column part, and the cylindrical part and the elliptical column part are juxtaposed in the longitudinal direction of the engagement pin so that the axes coincide with each other. Good. In the second aspect, the engagement pin includes a columnar part and an elliptical column part, and the columnar part and the elliptical column part are arranged in parallel in the longitudinal direction of the engagement pin so that the axes coincide with each other. The engagement pin may be switched between the first position and the second position by rotating the engagement pin around the axis of the cylindrical part and the elliptical column part. According to this configuration, the engagement pin can be switched between the first position and the second position by a simple operation of rotating the engagement pin around the axis of the cylindrical portion and the elliptical column portion. Moreover, according to this configuration, even when the rotation amount of the engagement pin is small (that is, if the engagement pin is rotated even a little), the engagement pin can be switched between the first position and the second position. .

  In the first aspect, the engagement pin may have a cylindrical shape, and a cutout may be partially provided on the peripheral surface. In the second aspect, the engagement pin has a columnar shape, and a cutout is partially provided on a peripheral surface, and the engagement pin is rotated about the axis of the engagement pin, The engagement pin may be switched between the first position and the second position. According to this configuration, the engagement pin can be switched between the first position and the second position by a simple operation of rotating the engagement pin about the axis of the engagement pin. In addition, according to this configuration, it is only necessary to provide a notch, so that the manufacturing cost of the engagement pin can be reduced.

  According to the present invention, when the frame is attached / detached, the engagement pin is set to the first position to increase the gap, thereby suppressing the catch at the engaging portion and preventing an increase in the load required for attaching / detaching the frame. The frame can be easily attached / detached. After positioning the frame with respect to the main body, it is possible to suppress the main body from moving relative to the frame after the frame is attached by setting the engagement pin as the second position and reducing the gap. In addition, since it is not necessary to remove the engagement pin when attaching and detaching the frame, there is no problem of forgetting to attach or losing the engagement pin.

It is a side view showing a crawler crane concerning a 1st embodiment of the present invention. It is a top view which shows the lower traveling body in the crawler crane which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing along the III-III line of FIG. FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional perspective view taken along line IV-IV in FIG. 3 when the frame is attached and detached. FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional perspective view taken along line IV-IV in FIG. 3 after the frame is attached. It is a flowchart which shows the flame | frame attachment process which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the flame | frame removal process which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a side view which shows the engagement pin in 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a side view which shows the engagement pin in 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing in alignment with the XX line of FIG. 9 which shows the engagement pin in 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a side view which shows the engagement pin in 4th Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which followed the XII-XII line | wire of FIG. 11 which shows the engagement pin in 4th Embodiment of this invention. It is a side view which shows the engaging pin in 5th Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing along the XIV-XIV line | wire of FIG. 13 which shows the engaging pin in 5th Embodiment of this invention.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the crawler crane 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes an upper swing body 2, a bearing 3, a lower traveling body 4, a cab (operating cab) 5, a counterweight 6, a boom 7, and a hook 8. Have The upper swing body 2 is attached to the lower traveling body 4 via a bearing 3 so as to be swingable. The cab 5 and the counterweight 6 are provided in front and rear of the upper swing body 2, respectively. The boom 7 is attached to the front portion of the upper swing body 2 so as to be raised and lowered. The hook 8 is suspended from the tip of the boom 7. The crawler crane 1 can perform a cargo handling operation for lifting a suspended load by the hook 8.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the lower traveling body 4 includes a main body 4 a and a pair of frames 10 that are detachably attached to the left and right sides of the main body 4 a. The main body 4a and the pair of frames 10 are symmetrical with respect to a straight line extending in the left-right direction through the center in the front-rear direction of the main body 4a and a straight line extending in the front-rear direction through the center in the left-right direction of the main body 4a. Have An endless crawler belt 11 is attached to the outer periphery of each frame 10.

  The main body 4a and the pair of frames 10 are connected by using the engaging pins 20 and the connecting pins 30 at each of a total of four positions on the main body 4a, front, rear, left, and right. The main body 4a and the right frame 10 are connected to each other at two positions on the right side of the main body 4a, and the main body 4a and the left frame 10 are connected to two positions on the left and right sides of the main body 4a. 3-5 shows the connection aspect of the main body 4a and the flame | frame 10 in one place of these four places.

  The main body 4a has four plates 4p (one plate 4p is shown in FIGS. 3 to 5). The plates 4p are respectively provided at two front and rear positions on the left and right side surfaces of the main body 4a. Each plate 4p is a plate-like member along the up-down direction and the left-right direction, and extends from the side surface of the main body 4a in a direction approaching the frame 10 facing the side surface (left or right). Each plate 4p has a groove 4x formed at the upper edge and a through-hole 4y penetrating in the front-rear direction formed below the groove 4x.

  Each frame 10 has a rectangular tube-shaped belt support portion 10a extending in the front-rear direction, and two plate sets provided at two positions on the front and rear sides of the belt support portion 10a facing the main body 4a. Each plate set includes two plates 10p1 and 10p2 (FIG. 3 shows one plate 10p1 and FIGS. 4 and 5 show two plates 10p1 and 10p2). Each of the plates 10p1 and 10p2 is a plate-like member along the vertical direction and the horizontal direction, and extends in a direction (left or right) approaching the main body 4a from one side surface of the belt support portion 10a. The plates 10p1 and 10p2 are separated from each other in the front-rear direction so as to sandwich one corresponding plate 4p. Each plate 10p1, 10p2 has through holes 10x, 10y penetrating in the front-rear direction. The through holes 10x and 10y are separated from each other in the vertical direction.

  At the four front and rear, left and right connecting portions of the main body 4a, the grooves 4x of one plate 4p are arranged between the through holes 10x of the two plates 10p1 and 10p2 in the front and rear direction, respectively. The coupling pin 20 is inserted, and the through-hole 4y of one plate 4p is disposed between the through-holes 10y of the two plates 10p1 and 10p2 in the front-rear direction, and the connecting pin 30 is inserted into these through-holes 10y and 4y. Has been inserted.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the engagement pin 20 includes two cylindrical large-diameter portions 20a and one cylindrical small-diameter portion 20b having a smaller diameter than the large-diameter portion 20a. The small diameter portion 20b is disposed between the two large diameter portions 20a in the longitudinal direction (front-rear direction) of the engagement pin 20. The two large diameter portions 20a and the one small diameter portion 20b are juxtaposed in the front-rear direction so that the axis O coincides.

  4, the length La1 in the front-rear direction of the rear large-diameter portion 20a is equal to or longer than the length T10p2 in the front-rear direction of the through hole 10x formed in the plate 10p2 (ie, the thickness of the plate 10p2). . The length Lb in the front-rear direction of the small-diameter portion 10b is equal to or longer than the length T4p in the front-rear direction of the groove 4x formed in the plate 4p (that is, the thickness of the plate 4p), and two lengths formed on the plates 10p1 and 10p2 respectively. It is below the space | interval D of the front-back direction of the through-hole 10x. The length La2 in the front-rear direction of the front large-diameter portion 20a is determined by the distance D in the front-rear direction between the two through holes 10x formed in the plates 10p1 and 10p2, and the length in the front-rear direction of the through-hole 10x formed in the plate 10p1. It is not less than the sum of the length (that is, the thickness of the plate 10p1) T10p1 and the length in the front-rear direction of the through hole 10x formed in the plate 10p2 (that is, the thickness of the plate 10p2) T10p2.

  The engaging pin 20 is further provided with a gripping portion 20g provided at one end of the larger-diameter portion 20a having a longer length in the front-rear direction (the end opposite to the end facing the small-diameter portion 20b), and It has two pin holes 20x1 and 20x2 into which the fixing pin 10r can be inserted. The fixing pin 10r is for fixing the engaging pin 20 to the frame 10, and is inserted into the pin hole 20x1 or the pin hole 20x2 through the plate 10q fixed to the plate 10p1.

  Next, with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7, a method for attaching and detaching each frame 10 to / from the main body 4a will be described.

  The engagement pin 20 is always attached to the frame 10 and is not removed from the frame 10 before or after the frame 10 is attached to the main body 4a. In contrast, the connecting pin 30 is removed from the frame 10 and the main body 4a both before and after the frame 10 is attached to the main body 4a.

  Before and after the frame 10 is attached to and removed from the main body 4a, as shown in FIG. 4, the large diameter portions 20a are inserted into the through holes 10x of the plates 10p1 and 10p2, and the small diameter portion 20b is positioned between the plates 10p1 and 10p2. The engaging pin 20 is fixed to the frame 10 by inserting the fixing pin 10r into the pin hole 20x1.

  In the attachment process of each frame 10 to the main body 4a (frame attachment process: see FIG. 6), first, each frame 10 is mounted in a state where the engagement pins 20 are inserted into the through holes 10x of the plates 10p1 and 10p2 in each plate set. The engaging pin 20 is inserted into the groove 4x of each plate 4p of the main body 4a and is placed on the side of the main body 4a, and the engaging pin 20 is moved along the groove 4x (S1). As a result, the engagement pin 20 is inserted into each of the through holes 10x of the plates 10p1 and 10p2 and the groove 4x of the plate 4p, and the small diameter portion 20b is inserted into the groove 4x. A relatively large gap is formed between the wall 4w that defines the groove 4x (that is, the “first position” according to the present invention is taken). Thus, each frame 10 is positioned with respect to the main body 4a in a state where the engaging pin 20 is in the first position.

  After S1, the connecting pins 30 are inserted into the through holes 10y of the plates 10p1 and 10p2 and the through holes 4y of the plate 4p at the four front and rear left and right positions of the main body 4a (S2).

  After S2, the engagement pin 20 is moved forward or backward in the state where the engagement pin 20 is inserted into each of the through hole 10x of the plates 10p1 and 10p2 and the groove 4x of the plate 4p at the front, rear, left and right of the body 4a. The engagement pin 20 is moved to the second position (S3). At this time, the operator removes the fixing pin 10r from the pin hole 20x1, and moves the engagement pin 20 forward or backward (backward in the example of FIG. 4) while gripping the grip portion 20g. Then, as shown in FIG. 5, the fixing pin 10r is inserted into the through hole 10x of the plates 10p1 and 10p2 and the groove 4x of the plate 4p with the longer diameter portion 20a having the longer length in the front-rear direction being inserted into the pin hole 20x2. The engaging pin 20 is fixed to the frame 10. At this time, the engagement pin 20 forms a relatively small gap with the wall 4w. That is, the gap between the engagement pin 20 and the wall 4w is greater when the engagement pin 20 is in the second position (see FIG. 5) than when the engagement pin 20 is in the first position (see FIG. 4). Is small. The gap between the engagement pin 20 and the wall 10w that defines the through hole 10x in each of the plates 10p1 and 10p2 is the second when the engagement pin 20 is in the first position (see FIG. 4). It does not change when it is in position (see FIG. 5).

  Thereby, the attachment process of each flame | frame 10 with respect to the main body 4a is completed.

  In the process of removing each frame 10 from the main body 4a (frame removing process: see FIG. 7), first, the four holes 10x1, 10p2 in the plate 10p1, 10p2 and the groove 4x in the plate 4p are respectively engaged in the front, rear, left and right four positions. With the joint pin 20 inserted, the engagement pin 20 is moved forward or backward to set the engagement pin 20 to the first position (S11). At this time, the operator removes the fixing pin 10r from the pin hole 20x2, and moves the engagement pin 20 forward or backward (forward in the example of FIG. 5) while gripping the grip portion 20g. Then, as shown in FIG. 4, the fixing pin 10r is inserted into the pin hole 20x1 with the large diameter portions 20a inserted into the through holes 10x of the plates 10p1 and 10p2 and the small diameter portion 20b inserted into the grooves 4x. The engaging pin 20 is fixed to the frame 10.

  After S11, the connecting pins 30 are removed from the through holes 10y of the plates 10p1 and 10p2 and the through holes 4y of the plate 4p at the four front and rear left and right positions of the main body 4a (S12).

  After S12, in a state where the engagement pins 20 are inserted into the through holes 10x of the plates 10p1 and 10p2 in each plate set, the engagement pins 20 are moved along the grooves 4x to separate the frames 10 from the main body 4a. By moving in the direction, the engagement pin 20 is separated from the groove 4x (S13). At this time, the engaging pin 20 is moved along the groove 4x in a state where the small diameter portion 20b is inserted into the groove 4x. Thereby, each frame 10 is removed from the main body 4a, and the removal process of each frame 10 with respect to the main body 4a is completed.

  As described above, in the crawler crane 1 of the present embodiment, the first position (see FIG. 4) and the first position in a state where the engagement pin 20 is inserted into each of the groove 4x and the through hole 10x. It is comprised so that the 2nd position (refer FIG. 5) which forms a small clearance gap between the walls 4w rather than when it exists can be taken. In the crawler crane 1 of this embodiment, the frame 10 is attached to and detached from the main body 4a as shown in FIG. 6 after the frame 10 is positioned with respect to the main body 4a with the engagement pin 20 in the first position. A frame attaching step (refer to S1 and S3 in particular) for attaching the frame 10 to the main body 4a with the coupling pin 20 as the second position, and as shown in FIG. 7, the engaging pin 20 is in the second position on the main body 4a. A frame removing step (in particular, see S11 and S13) for removing the attached frame 10 from the main body 4a with the engaging pin 20 as the first position is provided. According to this configuration, when the frame is attached / detached, the engagement pin 20 is set to the first position to increase the gap, thereby suppressing the catch at the engaging portion and preventing an increase in the load required for attaching / detaching the frame. The frame can be easily attached and detached. After positioning the frame 10 with respect to the main body 4a, it is possible to suppress the main body 4a from moving with respect to the frame 10 after the frame is attached by setting the engagement pin 20 as the second position to reduce the gap. Further, since it is not necessary to remove the engagement pin 20 when attaching and detaching the frame, there is no problem of forgetting to attach the engagement pin 20 or losing it.

  The crawler crane 1 according to the present embodiment is separated in the radial direction of the engagement pin 20 from the through hole 4y provided in the radial direction of the engagement pin 20 from the groove 4x in the main body 4a and the through hole 10x in the frame 10. Further, a connecting pin 30 is provided to be inserted into each of the through holes 10y provided at the positions. In the crawler crane 1 of the present embodiment, the frame 10 is attached to and detached from the main body 4a. In the frame attachment step (see FIG. 6), the frame 10 is positioned with respect to the main body 4a in a state where the engagement pin 20 is in the first position. Then, before the engagement pin 20 is set to the second position, the engagement pin is formed from the through hole 4y provided at a position separated from the groove 4x in the main body 4a in the radial direction of the engagement pin 20 and the through hole 10x in the frame 10. The connecting pin 30 is inserted into each of the through holes 10y provided at positions spaced apart in the radial direction of 20 (S2). Further, in the frame removing step (see FIG. 7), after the engaging pin 20 in the second position is set to the first position, the connecting pin 30 is removed from each of the through hole 4y and the through hole 10y (S12). According to the said structure, it can prevent that the flame | frame 10 rotates with respect to the main body 4a centering | focusing on the engagement pin 20 or the connection pin 30 by cooperation with the engagement pin 20 and the connection pin 30. FIG.

  According to the crawler crane 1 of the present embodiment, the hole into which the engagement pin 20 is inserted in the main body 4a is the groove 4x opened in the radial direction of the engagement pin 20, and the engagement pin 20 is inserted into the frame 10. The hole is a hole (through hole 10 x) whose entire circumference is covered with the wall 10 w in the radial cross section of the engagement pin 20. In the crawler crane 1 according to this embodiment, the frame 10 is attached to and detached from the main body 4a. In the frame attachment process (see FIG. 6), the engagement pin 20 is inserted into the through hole 10x and the engagement pin 20 is inserted into the groove 4x. The frame 10 is positioned with respect to the main body 4a by moving the engagement pin 20 along the groove 4x (S1). Further, in the frame removing step (see FIG. 7), with the engagement pin 20 inserted into the through hole 10x, the engagement pin 20 is moved along the groove 4x, and the engagement pin 20 is separated from the groove 4x. By doing so, the frame 10 is removed from the main body 4a (S13). According to this configuration, the frame attaching / detaching operation can be performed smoothly.

  In the crawler crane 1 of the present embodiment, the engagement pin 20 includes a cylindrical large diameter portion 20a and a cylindrical small diameter portion 20b, and the large diameter portion 20a and the small diameter portion 20b are engaged so that the axis O coincides. The connecting pins 20 are arranged in parallel in the longitudinal direction (see FIGS. 4 and 5). In the crawler crane 1 according to the present embodiment, in the method for attaching and detaching the frame 10 to the main body 4a, the engaging pin 20 is moved between the first position and the second position by moving the engaging pin 20 in the longitudinal direction. According to this configuration, the engagement pin 20 can be switched between the first position and the second position by a simple operation of moving the engagement pin 20 in the longitudinal direction.

  In the crawler crane 1 of the present embodiment, one groove 4x is disposed between the two through holes 10x in the front-rear direction, and the two large diameter portions 20a corresponding to the two through holes 10x in the front-rear direction, respectively. One small diameter portion 20b corresponding to one groove 4x is disposed between them (see FIG. 4). In the method of attaching / detaching the frame 10 to / from the main body 4a in the crawler crane 1 of the present embodiment, in the frame attaching step (see FIG. 6), two large diameter portions 20a are inserted into each of the two through holes 10x and one small diameter portion. In a state where 20b is inserted into one groove 4x, the frame 10 is positioned with respect to the main body 4a (S1). Further, in the frame removing step (see FIG. 7), the frame 10 in a state where the two large diameter portions 20a are inserted into the two through holes 10x and the one small diameter portion 20b is inserted into the single groove 4x. Is removed from the main body 4a (S13). According to this configuration, the gap between the small diameter portion 20b and the wall 4w is increased while the two large diameter portions 20a are supported by the frame 10 on both sides in the longitudinal direction of the small diameter portion 20b (that is, the engagement pin 20 is moved to the first position). As one position), the frame can be attached and detached while suppressing backlash.

  Subsequently, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in the configuration of the engaging pin, and is otherwise the same as the first embodiment. Hereinafter, the difference between the engagement pin 220 according to the second embodiment and the engagement pin 20 according to the first embodiment will be described.

  The engagement pin 220 includes one large diameter portion 20a and one small diameter portion 20b. One large-diameter portion 20a and one small-diameter portion 20b are juxtaposed in the front-rear direction so that the axis O coincides.

  The small diameter portion 20b is inserted into the through holes 10x of the plates 10p1 and 10p2 before and after the frame 10 is attached to and removed from the main body 4a. In the frame attaching process, after positioning the frame 10 with respect to the main body 4a in this state, the engaging pin 220 is moved forward or backward, and the large-diameter portion 20a is inserted into the through holes 10x of the plates 10p1 and 10p2 and the grooves of the plate 4p. Insert 4x. In the frame removing step, the small-diameter portion 20b is moved from the state in which the large-diameter portion 20a is inserted into the through hole 10x of the plates 10p1 and 10p2 and the groove 4x of the plate 4p by moving the engagement pin 220 forward or backward. The frame 10 is removed from the main body 4a as being inserted into the through holes 10x of the plates 10p1 and 10p2 and the grooves 4x of the plate 4p.

  According to the second embodiment, the same effect can be obtained by the same configuration as that of the first embodiment.

  Subsequently, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 9 and 10. The third embodiment is different from the first embodiment in the configuration of the engagement pin, and is otherwise the same as the first embodiment. Hereinafter, the difference between the engagement pin 320 according to the third embodiment and the engagement pin 20 according to the first embodiment will be described.

In the engagement pin 320, the two large diameter portions 20a and the one small diameter portion 20b have a common point P on the circumference of the cross section perpendicular to the front-rear direction, with the axes O ₁ and O ₂ not coincident. As shown in FIG. In other words, the portions corresponding to the point P on the peripheral surfaces of the large diameter portion 20a and the small diameter portion 20b are arranged on the same plane along the front-rear direction.

Before and after the frame 10 is attached to and removed from the main body 4a, the part corresponding to the point Q on the peripheral surface of each large diameter part 20a (the part opposite to the point P) is downward in the through holes 10x of the plates 10p1 and 10p2. The two large diameter portions 20a are inserted into the through holes 10x of the plates 10p1 and 10p2. In the frame attaching process, after positioning the frame 10 with respect to the main body 4a in this state, the engagement pin 320 is rotated 180 ° about the axis O ₁ of the large diameter portion 20a, and the circumferential surface of each large diameter portion 20a is rotated. A portion corresponding to the point P faces downward in the through holes 10x of the plates 10p1 and 10p2, and a portion corresponding to the point P on the peripheral surface of the small diameter portion 20b faces downward in the groove 4x. In the frame removing step, the engagement pin 320 is rotated 180 ° about the axis O ₁ of the large diameter portion 20a, so that the portions corresponding to the point P on the peripheral surface of each large diameter portion 20a are the plates 10p1 and 10p2. From the state where the portion corresponding to the point P on the circumferential surface of the small diameter portion 20b faces downward in the through hole 10x and the portion corresponding to the point P on the circumferential surface of the small diameter portion 20b, the portion corresponding to the point Q on the circumferential surface of each large diameter portion 20a The frame 10 is removed from the main body 4a so as to face downward in the through holes 10x of 10p1 and 10p2.

According to the third embodiment, the engagement pin 320 can be switched between the first position and the second position by a simple operation of rotating the engagement pin 320 around the axis O ₁ of the large diameter portion 20a. . Moreover, even if the rotation amount of the engagement pin 320 is small (that is, the engagement pin 320 is rotated 180 ° in the third embodiment, but the engagement pin 320 is rotated even a little), the engagement pin 320 320 can be switched between a first position and a second position.

  Subsequently, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 11 and 12. The fourth embodiment is different from the first embodiment in the configuration of the engagement pin, and is otherwise the same as the first embodiment. Hereinafter, the difference between the engagement pin 420 according to the fourth embodiment and the engagement pin 20 according to the first embodiment will be described.

  The engagement pin 420 includes two cylindrical portions 420a and one elliptical column portion 420b. The elliptical column part 420b is disposed between the two columnar parts 420a in the longitudinal direction (front-rear direction) of the engagement pin 420. The two columnar parts 420a and the one elliptical column part 420b are juxtaposed in the front-rear direction so that the axis O coincides.

  Before and after the frame 10 is attached to and removed from the main body 4a, two cylindrical portions 420a are inserted into the through holes 10x of the plates 10p1 and 10p2 so that the short axis of the elliptical column portion 420b extends in the vertical direction. In the frame attachment process, after positioning the frame 10 with respect to the main body 4a in this state, the engagement pin 420 is rotated by 90 ° about the axis O so that the long axis of the elliptical column part 420b extends in the vertical direction. To. In the frame removal step, the engagement pin 420 is rotated 90 ° about the axis O, so that the long axis of the elliptical column part 420b extends in the vertical direction, and the short axis of the elliptical column part 420b extends in the vertical direction. The frame 10 is removed from the main body 4a.

  According to the fourth embodiment, the engagement pin 420 can be switched between the first position and the second position by a simple operation of rotating the engagement pin 420 about the axis O. In addition, even if the rotation amount of the engagement pin 420 is small (that is, the engagement pin 420 is rotated 90 ° in the fourth embodiment, but the engagement pin 420 is rotated even a little), the engagement pin 420 420 can be switched between a first position and a second position.

  Next, a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The fifth embodiment is different from the first embodiment in the configuration of the engagement pin, and is otherwise the same as the first embodiment. Hereinafter, the difference between the engagement pin 520 according to the fifth embodiment and the engagement pin 20 according to the first embodiment will be described.

  The engagement pin 520 has a cylindrical shape, and a notch 520x is partially provided on the peripheral surface. The notch 520x is provided at the center in the longitudinal direction (front-rear direction) of the engagement pin 520.

  Before and after the frame 10 is attached to and removed from the main body 4a, both end portions in the longitudinal direction of the engaging pin 520 (portions where the notch 520x is not formed) of the plates 10p1 and 10p2 so that the notch 520x faces downward. It is inserted into the through hole 10x. In the frame attaching step, after positioning the frame 10 with respect to the main body 4a in this state, the engaging pin 520 is rotated 180 ° about the axis O so that the notch 520x faces upward. In the frame removing step, the frame 10 is removed from the main body 4a by rotating the engagement pin 520 about 180 degrees about the axis O so that the notch 520x faces upward and the notch 520x faces downward. .

  According to the fifth embodiment, the engagement pin 520 can be switched between the first position and the second position by a simple operation of rotating the engagement pin 520 around the axis O. In addition, since only the notch 520x needs to be provided, the manufacturing cost of the engagement pin 520 can be reduced.

  The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. For example, various design changes can be made as long as they are described in the claims as follows. It is a thing.

-The work machine is not limited to a crawler crane, but may be a crane other than a crawler crane, an excavator, or the like, and is not limited to a construction work machine such as a crane or an excavator, and is an agricultural work such as a tractor or a combine. It may be a machine or any other work machine. That is, the frame is not limited to the crawler frame, and may be any attachment that can be attached to and detached from the main body of the work machine.
-In above-mentioned embodiment, although the plate 4p of a main body is arrange | positioned between a pair of plates 10p1 and 10p2 of a flame | frame, it is not limited to this. For example, a configuration in which one plate of the frame is disposed between a pair of plates of the main body, a configuration in which one plate of the main body and one plate of the frame are engaged by an engagement pin, or the like may be used.
-In above-mentioned embodiment, although the engagement pin 20 is inserted in the groove | channel 4x of a main body in the state in which the engagement pin 20 was inserted in the through-hole 10x of a flame | frame, it is not limited to this. For example, the main body may be provided with a through hole and a groove in the frame, and the engagement pin may be inserted into the groove of the frame in a state where the engagement pin is inserted into the through hole of the main body.
As long as the engagement pin can be inserted, the body engagement hole and the frame engagement hole are not limited to being a through hole or groove penetrating in the longitudinal direction of the engagement pin, but in the longitudinal direction of the engagement pin. It may be a recess that does not penetrate and opens in the longitudinal direction. Similarly, as long as the connecting pin can be inserted, the main body connecting hole and the frame connecting hole are not limited to being through holes penetrating in the longitudinal direction of the connecting pin, and do not penetrate in the longitudinal direction of the connecting pin. The recessed part opened in the direction may be sufficient.
-The connecting pin may be omitted. In this case, it is preferable to take measures so that the frame does not rotate with respect to the main body around the engaging pin.
-The number and arrangement of the large-diameter part and the small-diameter part, the number and arrangement of the cylindrical part and the elliptical column part, the number and arrangement of the notches can be arbitrarily changed.
The gap between the engagement pin and the wall defining the frame engagement hole in the frame may be smaller when the engagement pin is in the second position than when the engagement pin is in the first position. Further, both the gap between the engagement pin and the wall defining the main body engagement hole in the main body, and the gap between the engagement pin and the wall defining the frame engagement hole in the frame, the engagement pin is in the second position. Sometimes the engagement pin may be smaller than in the first position.

1 Crawler crane (work machine)
2 Upper revolving body 4 Lower traveling body 4a Main body 4w Wall 4x Groove (Main body engaging hole)
4y Through hole (Body connection hole)
10 frame 10w wall 10x through hole (frame engagement hole)
10y Through hole (frame connection hole)
20; 220; 320; 420; 520 Engagement pin 20a Large diameter portion 20b Small diameter portion 30 Connecting pin 420a Column portion 420b Elliptical column portion 520x Notch O, O ₁ , O ₂ axis P One point on the circumference

Claims (11)

The body,
A frame detachably attached to the main body;
In order to attach the frame to the main body, a main body engagement hole provided in the main body and an engagement pin inserted into each of the frame engagement holes provided in the frame,
The engagement pin defines a first position and the body engagement hole in the main body more than when it is in the first position in a state where the engagement pin is inserted into each of the main body engagement hole and the frame engagement hole. And a second position in which a small gap is formed between at least one of the wall defining the frame engagement hole in the frame and the work machine.   A main body connecting hole provided at a position spaced apart from the main body engaging hole in the main body in the radial direction of the engaging pin; and a position spaced apart from the frame engaging hole in the frame in the radial direction. The work machine according to claim 1, further comprising a connection pin inserted into each of the frame connection holes. One of the main body engagement hole and the frame engagement hole is a groove opened in a radial direction of the engagement pin,
3. The work machine according to claim 1, wherein the other of the main body engagement hole and the frame engagement hole is a hole whose entire circumference is covered with the wall in the radial cross section. The engagement pin includes a columnar large diameter portion and a columnar small diameter portion having a smaller diameter than the large diameter portion,
The work machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the large-diameter portion and the small-diameter portion are juxtaposed in the longitudinal direction of the engagement pin so that the axes coincide with each other. In the longitudinal direction, one body engagement hole is disposed between the two frame engagement holes,
In the longitudinal direction, one small diameter portion corresponding to the one main body engagement hole is disposed between the two large diameter portions corresponding to the two frame engagement holes. The work machine according to claim 4. The engagement pin includes a columnar large diameter portion and a columnar small diameter portion having a smaller diameter than the large diameter portion,
The large-diameter portion and the small-diameter portion are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the engagement pin so that the axes do not coincide with each other and one point on the circumference of the cross section orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the engagement pin is common. The work machine according to claim 1, wherein the work machines are arranged in parallel. The engagement pin includes a cylindrical part and an elliptical column part,
The work machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the cylindrical portion and the elliptical column portion are arranged in parallel in a longitudinal direction of the engagement pin so that axes thereof coincide with each other.   The work machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the engagement pin has a cylindrical shape, and a notch is partially provided on a peripheral surface. A main body, a frame that is detachably attached to the main body, and a main body engaging hole provided in the main body and a frame engaging hole provided in the frame for attaching the frame to the main body. An engagement pin that is inserted into each of the main body engagement hole and the frame engagement hole in a first position and more in the main body than when in the first position. In a work machine configured to be capable of taking a second position forming a small gap between a wall defining the body engagement hole and at least one of the walls defining the frame engagement hole in the frame. A method of attaching and detaching the frame to and from the main body,
A frame attaching step of attaching the frame to the main body with the engaging pin as the second position after positioning the frame with respect to the main body in a state where the engaging pin is in the first position; and
At least one of a frame removing step of removing the frame attached to the main body in a state where the engaging pin is in the second position from the main body with the engaging pin as the first position. Detachment method characterized. In the frame mounting step, after the frame is positioned with respect to the main body in a state where the engagement pin is in the first position, the main body in the main body before the engagement pin is set to the second position. A main body connection hole provided at a position spaced from the engagement hole in the radial direction of the engagement pin, and a frame connection hole provided at a position spaced from the frame engagement hole in the frame in the radial direction. Insert the connecting pin into the
The attaching / detaching method according to claim 9, wherein, in the frame removing step, after the engaging pin is set to the first position, the connecting pin is removed from each of the main body connecting hole and the frame connecting hole. . One of the main body engagement hole and the frame engagement hole is a groove opened in a radial direction of the engagement pin, and the other of the main body engagement hole and the frame engagement hole is in a cross section in the radial direction. The whole circumference is a hole covered with the wall,
In the frame mounting step, with the engagement pin inserted in the other hole, the engagement pin is inserted into the one groove, and the engagement pin is moved along the one groove. By positioning the frame with respect to the body,
In the frame removing step, in a state where the engagement pin is inserted into the other hole, the engagement pin is moved along the one groove, and the engagement pin is separated from the one groove. The attachment / detachment method according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the frame is detached from the main body.

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