JP2017177302A - Jig and assembly method of construction machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a jib and a technology associated with the same which can reliably guide bolts to be positioned to bolt holes when a plurality of bolts mounted to an upper frame of a superstructure are inserted into a plurality of bolt holes formed in an outer race of a swing bearing.SOLUTION: A jig 7 comprises guide parts 71A, 71B and engaging parts 72A, 72B. Guide holes 710A, 710B for guiding a positioning pin 51 to a bolt hole 43h are formed in the guide parts 71A, 71B, and the guide parts are disposed on the lower side of the positioning pin 51 and on the upper side of the bolt hole 43h. The engaging parts 72A, 72B are disposed on the lower side of adjacent stud bolts 5b, 5c adjacent to a stud bolt 5a to be positioned and on the upper side of adjacent bolt holes 43h for inserting the adjacent stud bolts 5b, 5c. The height of the engaging parts 72A, 72B is lower than the height of the guide parts 71A, 71B.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5

Description

The present invention relates to a jig for guiding a bolt mounted on an upper swing body of a construction machine to a bolt hole formed in a swing bearing and a technique related thereto.

  Conventionally, there has been proposed a bolt guide jig that guides a bolt projected from an assembly part into a bolt insertion hole formed in the counterpart part (for example, Patent Document 1).

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-6149

  By the way, in the assembly work of the construction machine, the upper swing body and the swing bearing are connected. At this time, it is assumed that a plurality of bolts attached to the upper frame of the upper swing body are inserted into a plurality of bolt holes formed in the outer race of the swing bearing and fastened with nuts. However, it is relatively difficult to accurately insert a plurality of bolts into a plurality of bolt holes.

  Therefore, it is assumed that a specific bolt is aligned with a specific bolt hole using a dedicated jig such as the bolt guide jig described in Patent Document 1.

  However, when a plurality of bolts are arranged close to each other like the upper frame of the upper swing body, a bolt different from the bolt to be aligned is placed on the upper surface of the bolt guide jig as the upper frame descends. There is a possibility of interference.

  Therefore, the present invention ensures that the bolt to be aligned is in the bolt hole when the plurality of bolts mounted on the upper frame of the upper swing body are inserted into the plurality of bolt holes formed in the outer race of the swing bearing. It is an object of the present invention to provide a jig that can be guided to the above and a technique related thereto.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a bolt to be aligned, in which a pin is attached to a lower end of a plurality of bolts whose upper end is fixed to an upper frame of an upper swing body of a construction machine. 1st part which is a jig | tool for guide | inducing to the 1st bolt hole among several bolt holes formed in the outer race, Comprising: The guide hole for guide | inducing the said pin to the said 1st bolt hole is formed And a second portion having a projection on the lower surface for engaging with a second bolt hole different from the first bolt hole, and the jig engages with the second bolt hole. The first portion is configured to be separable in the circumferential direction of the outer race at the portion where the guide hole is formed. Provide tools To have.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the said pin is comprised so that attachment or detachment with respect to the said volt | bolt is possible.

  Further, the present invention is a construction in which a plurality of bolts attached to an upper frame of an upper swing body are inserted into a plurality of bolt holes formed in an outer race of the swing bearing, and the upper swing body is connected to the swing bearing. An assembly method for a machine, comprising: a) mounting a pin on a lower end of a bolt to be aligned among the plurality of bolts whose upper ends are fixed to the upper frame; and b) among the plurality of bolt holes A first portion in which a guide hole for guiding the pin is formed in the first bolt hole and a second portion provided with a protrusion on the lower surface for engaging with a second bolt hole different from the first bolt hole. And placing the first portion above the first bolt hole by engaging the protrusion with the second bolt hole; and c. Inserting the tip of the pin into the first bolt hole through the guide hole and lowering the upper frame to a position where the tip of another bolt corresponding to the second bolt hole does not contact the second portion And d) dividing the portion of the first portion where the guide hole is formed in the circumferential direction of the outer race and removing the jig from the upper surface of the outer race. Further provided is a method for assembling a construction machine.

  E) a step of further lowering the upper frame from the position of step c) and inserting the plurality of bolts into the plurality of bolt holes; and f) projecting from the lower surface of the outer race among the plurality of bolts. It is preferable that the method further includes a step of fastening the portion with a nut.

  In the step f), it is preferable that the protruding portion is fastened with the nut after the pin is removed from the tip of the bolt.

  According to the present invention, when a plurality of bolts mounted on the upper frame of the upper swing body are inserted into the plurality of bolt holes formed in the outer race of the swing bearing, the bolts to be aligned are securely inserted into the bolt holes. Can be guided to.

1 is a side view showing a hydraulic excavator according to an embodiment of the present invention. Sectional drawing which cut the slewing bearing to radial direction. The perspective view which shows the lower surface of the upper frame with which the some stud bolt was mounted | worn. Sectional drawing which shows the state in which the upper frame and the turning bearing were connected. The perspective view which shows a mode that the jig | tool is mounted in the upper surface of an outer race. The perspective view which looked at some jigs from the lower side. The perspective view which shows a mode that the alignment pin with which the stud bolt was mounted | worn is inserted in the guide hole of a jig | tool. The perspective view which shows a mode that a part of jig | tool is lifted up. The perspective view which shows a mode that a part of jig | tool is moved to the left side and is pulled to the near side.

<1. Embodiment>
A jig, a construction machine assembling method, and a construction machine according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. Hereinafter, as an example of the construction machine according to the present invention, a hydraulic excavator 1 illustrated in FIG. 1 is illustrated. Moreover, the jig | tool 7 shown in FIG. 5 is illustrated as an example of the jig | tool which concerns on this invention.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the excavator 1 includes a crawler type lower traveling body 2 and an upper swing body 3. The upper swing body 3 is mounted on the lower traveling body 2 via the swing bearing 4, and can swing around the vertical axis with respect to the lower traveling body 2.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the slewing bearing 4 includes an inner race 41 and an outer race 43.

  The inner race 41 is fixed to the lower traveling body 2 with bolts. As will be described later, the outer race 43 is connected to the upper frame 31 (FIG. 1) of the upper swing body 3. The outer race 43 is configured to be rotatable about a vertical axis with respect to the inner race 41.

  The outer race 43 has a plurality of bolt holes 43h formed in an arc shape. The bolt hole 43 h is a hole for inserting the stud bolt 5 (FIG. 3) provided in the upper frame 31.

  The upper swing body 3 will be described again with reference to FIG. The upper swing body 3 includes an upper frame 31, an attachment 33 that is provided in front of the upper frame 31 and performs excavation work such as earth and sand, a cab 35, and a machine room 37.

  As shown in FIG. 3, a plurality of stud bolts 5 are attached to the lower surface 31 </ b> U of the upper frame 31. The plurality of stud bolts 5 are arranged in an arc shape corresponding to the plurality of bolt holes 43 h formed in the outer race 43. The upper end of each stat bolt 5 is fixed to the upper frame 31. The body of each stud bolt 5 extends downward (that is, the direction protruding perpendicular to the lower surface of the upper frame 31).

  In the assembly work of the hydraulic excavator 1, the upper frame 31 is connected to the outer race 43 of the slewing bearing 4. At this time, the plurality of stud bolts 5 (FIG. 3) are inserted into the plurality of bolt holes 43 h (FIG. 4) formed in the outer race 43. As shown in FIG. 4, the nut 6 is fastened to the tip portion of the stud bolt 5 that protrudes from the lower surface 43 </ b> U of the outer race 43.

  In the present embodiment, about four stud bolts 5 spaced from each other among the plurality of stud bolts 5 are aligned with the corresponding bolt holes 43h. In such alignment, a jig 7 shown in FIG. 5 is used.

  As shown in FIG. 5, an alignment pin 51 is attached to the lower end of the stud bolt 5 (5a) to be aligned. The alignment pin 51 is configured to be detachable from the stud bolt 5.

  The jig 7 is placed on the upper surface 43T of the outer race 43. The jig 7 includes a left portion 7A and a right portion 7B, and can be divided in the circumferential direction D1 of the outer race 43.

  The left portion 7A includes a guiding portion 71A, an engaging portion 72A, and a gripping portion 73A. The right part 7B is configured to be symmetrical to the left part 7A, and includes a guiding part 71B, an engaging part 72B, and a gripping part 73B.

  The guide portions 71A and 71B are disposed below the alignment pin 51 attached to the stud bolt 5a and above the bolt hole 43h into which the stud bolt 5a is inserted. The guide portions 71A and 71B are an example of a first portion according to the present invention. The bolt hole 43h into which the stud bolt 5a is inserted is an example of the first bolt hole according to the present invention.

  Guide holes 710A and 710B for guiding the alignment pins 51 are formed in the guide portions 71A and 71B, respectively. The guide holes 710 </ b> A and 710 </ b> B form a mortar-shaped guide hole when the jig 7 is placed on the upper surface 43 </ b> T of the outer race 43.

  The engaging portion 72A is disposed below the adjacent stud bolt 5b adjacent to the left side of the stud bolt 5a and above the adjacent bolt hole 43h into which the adjacent stud bolt 5b is inserted. The engaging portion 72B is disposed below the adjacent stud bolt 5c adjacent to the right side of the stud bolt 5a and above the adjacent bolt hole 43h into which the adjacent stud bolt 5c is inserted. The heights of the engaging portions 72A and 72B are both lower than the height of the guiding portions 71A and 71B. The engaging portions 72A and 72B are an example of a second portion according to the present invention. The adjacent bolt hole 43h is an example of a second bolt hole according to the present invention.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 6, a protrusion 720 </ b> A is provided on the lower surface of the engaging portion 72 </ b> A (the surface facing the upper surface 43 </ b> T of the outer race 43). The protrusion 720A engages with the adjacent bolt hole 43h into which the adjacent stud bolt 5b is inserted when the left portion 7A is placed on the upper surface 43T of the outer race 43. Thereby, the position of the left portion 7 </ b> A of the jig 7 is fixed with respect to the outer race 43.

  In addition, although illustration is abbreviate | omitted, the same projection part is provided also in the lower surface of the engaging part 72B. The protrusion engages with the adjacent bolt hole 43h corresponding to the adjacent stud bolt 5c when the right portion 7B is placed on the upper surface 43T of the outer race 43. Thereby, the position of the right part 7 </ b> B of the jig 7 is fixed with respect to the outer race 43.

  Reference is again made to FIG. The gripping portions 73 </ b> A and 73 </ b> B are connected to the engaging portions 72 </ b> A and 72 </ b> B, and are configured in an L shape that protrudes outside the outer race 43 when the jig 7 is attached. The gripping portions 73A and 73B function as handle members that the operator grips when attaching and detaching the jig 7. Due to the presence of the gripping portions 73A and 73B, the operator can easily attach and detach the jig 7 even in a narrow space.

  Then, the assembly method of the hydraulic shovel 1 which concerns on this embodiment is demonstrated. Specifically, a method of connecting the upper frame 31 of the upper swing body 3 to the outer race 43 of the swing bearing 4 will be described.

  First, as shown in FIG. 5, among the plurality of stud bolts 5, an alignment pin 51 is attached to the lower end of the stud bolt 5a to be aligned. In the present embodiment, it is assumed that the alignment pins 51 are attached to the three stud bolts 5 spaced apart from each other in addition to the stud bolts 5a and the overall alignment is performed.

  Next, the jig 7 is placed on the upper surface 43 </ b> T of the outer race 43. Specifically, the left portion 7A and the right portion 7B are placed on the upper surface 43T of the outer race 43 so that the guide hole 710A of the left portion 7A and the guide hole 710B of the right portion 7B form a mortar-shaped guide hole. .

  At this time, the guide portions 71A and 71B are disposed below the alignment pin 51 and above the bolt hole 43h into which the stud bolt 5a to be aligned is inserted.

  The engaging portion 72A is disposed below the stud bolt 5b adjacent to the left side of the stud bolt 5a and above the bolt hole 43h into which the stud bolt 5b is inserted. On the other hand, the engaging portion 72B is disposed below the stud bolt 5c adjacent to the right side of the stud bolt 5a and above the bolt hole 43h into which the stud bolt 5c is inserted.

  Further, the protrusion 720A of the engagement portion 72A engages with the bolt hole 43h corresponding to the stud bolt 5b, and the protrusion (not shown) of the engagement portion 72B engages with the bolt hole 43h corresponding to the stud bolt 5c. . At this time, since the contact surface 71S (FIG. 6) of the guide portion 71A and the contact surface (not shown) of the guide portion 71B contact each other, the left portion 71 is prevented from rotating around the protrusion 720A. The The same applies to the right part 7B.

  After this, as shown in FIG. 7, the position where the tip of the alignment pin 51 is inserted into the bolt hole 43h via the guide holes 710A and 710B and the lower ends of the stud bolts 5b and 5c are not in contact with the engaging portions 72A and 72B. Lower the upper frame 31 until it reaches.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 8, the operator grips the grip portion 73A, lifts the left portion 7A of the jig 7 upward, and removes the protrusion 720A from the bolt hole 43h. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 9, the operator moves the left portion 7 </ b> A of the jig 7 to the left while lifting it up, pulls it forward, and removes it from the upper surface 43 </ b> T of the outer race 43. Here, the left part 7A is moved to the left in order to prevent the guiding part 71A from interfering with the stud bolt 5a when the left part 7A is pulled forward.

  In addition, although description is abbreviate | omitted, it removes from the upper surface 43T of the outer race 43 also about the right part 7B of the jig | tool 7 by the same operation.

  As described above, the guide portions 71A and 71B are divided in the circumferential direction D1 of the outer race 43 and removed from the upper surface 43T of the outer race 43.

  Thereafter, the upper frame 31 is further lowered, and the plurality of stud bolts 5 are respectively inserted into the corresponding bolt holes 43h. Then, the alignment pin 51 attached to the stud bolt 5a to be aligned is removed. Finally, as shown in FIG. 4, the nut 6 is fastened to a portion of each stud bolt 5 that protrudes from the lower surface 43 </ b> U of the outer race 43.

  According to such a procedure, the upper frame 31 of the upper swing body 3 is connected to the outer race 43 of the swing bearing 4.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, the alignment pin 51 is attached to the lower end of the stud bolt 5a to be aligned. Further, the height of the engaging portions 72A and 72B is lower than the height of the guiding portions 71A and 71B. Therefore, even if the tip of the alignment pin 51 is inserted into the bolt hole 43h via the guide holes 710A and 710B, the lower ends of the adjacent bolts 5b and 5c do not interfere with the upper surfaces of the engaging portions 72A and 72B. Therefore, when the plurality of stud bolts 5 attached to the upper frame 31 of the upper swing body 3 are inserted into the plurality of bolt holes 43h formed in the outer race 43 of the swing bearing 4, the stud bolt 5a to be aligned is inserted. Can be reliably guided to the bolt hole 43h.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, the jig | tool 7 consists of the left part 7A and the right part 7B, and the guide parts 71A and 71B are comprised so that division | segmentation is possible in the part in which the guide holes 710A and 710B are formed. Therefore, the jig 7 can be easily removed after the tip of the alignment pin 51 is inserted into the bolt hole 43h.

  In this embodiment, since the alignment pin 51 is attached to the lower end of the stud bolt 5a to be aligned, the lower end of the stud bolt 5a to be aligned can be protected.

  In this embodiment, since the alignment pin 51 is configured to be detachable from the stud bolt 5a, the alignment pin 51 can be removed after the stud bolt 5a is inserted into the bolt hole 43h. As a result, the mechanical operation of the excavator 1 is not hindered.

  In the present embodiment, when the jig 7 is attached, the protrusion 720A of the engaging portion 72A engages with the corresponding bolt hole 43h, and the protrusion of the engaging portion 72B engages with the corresponding bolt hole 43h. Therefore, the jig 7 can be easily aligned. It is also possible to more reliably fix the jig 7 to the upper surface 43T of the outer race 43.

  In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, a portion of the stud bolt 5 that protrudes from the lower surface 43 </ b> U of the outer race 43 is fastened with a nut 6. Therefore, unlike the case where the bolt is inserted from the lower side of the outer race to connect the outer race and the upper frame, it is only necessary to secure a space for fastening the nut, and the working space can be reduced. Moreover, it is only necessary to operate a nut that is lighter than the bolt, which improves workability.

<2. Modification>
The jig, the construction machine assembly method, and the construction machine according to the present invention are not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications and improvements can be made within the scope described in the claims.

  For example, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the alignment pin 51 is configured to be detachable with respect to the stud bolt 5a has been illustrated. Impossible alignment pins may be used.

  Moreover, although the case where the left part 7A and the right part 7B of the jig 7 include the gripping parts 73A and 73B is illustrated in the above embodiment, the gripping parts 73A and 73B are not essential components.

  In the above embodiment, the case where the protrusion 720A is engaged with the adjacent bolt hole 43h is illustrated, but the present invention is not limited to this. Depending on the position where the protrusion 720A is disposed, the protrusion 720A may engage with another bolt hole (for example, a bolt hole adjacent to the adjacent bolt hole 43h). In this case, another bolt hole with which the protrusion 720A engages is an example of the second bolt hole according to the present invention.

  Moreover, although the case where both the engaging parts 72A and 72B were lower than the height of the induction | guidance | derivation parts 71A and 71B was illustrated in the said embodiment, it is not limited to this, Both are comprised by the equivalent height. You may do it.

  As described above, the jig according to the present invention is suitable for guiding the bolt mounted on the upper frame of the upper swing body to the bolt hole formed in the outer race of the swing bearing.

1 hydraulic excavator, 2 lower traveling body, 3 upper swing body, 4 swing bearing,
5, 5a-5c Stud bolt, 6 nut, 7 jig, 7A left part, 7B right part,
31 upper frame, 33 attachment, 35 cab, 37 machine room,
41 inner race, 43 outer race, 43h bolt hole, 51 pin,
71A, 71B guiding part, 72A, 72B engaging part, 73A, 73B gripping part,
710A, 710B guide hole, 720A protrusion, D1 circumferential direction

Claims (5)

Among the plurality of bolts whose upper end is fixed to the upper frame of the upper swing body of the construction machine, the bolt to be aligned with the pin attached to the lower end is the bolt hole formed in the outer race of the swing bearing. A jig for guiding to the first bolt hole,
A first portion in which a guide hole for guiding the pin to the first bolt hole is formed;
A second portion having a protrusion on the lower surface for engaging with a second bolt hole different from the first bolt hole;
With
The jig is placed on the upper surface of the outer race so that the protrusion engages with the second bolt hole,
The jig, wherein the first portion is configured to be separable in a circumferential direction of the outer race at a portion where the guide hole is formed.   The jig according to claim 1, wherein the pin is configured to be detachable from the bolt. A construction machine assembling method in which a plurality of bolts attached to an upper frame of an upper swing body are inserted into a plurality of bolt holes formed in an outer race of the swing bearing, and the upper swing body is connected to the swing bearing. And
a) attaching a pin to a lower end of a bolt to be aligned among the plurality of bolts having an upper end fixed to the upper frame;
b) A first portion in which a guide hole for guiding the pin is formed in the first bolt hole among the plurality of bolt holes and a second bolt hole different from the first bolt hole are engaged. A jig including a second portion having a protrusion on the lower surface is placed on the upper surface of the outer race, the protrusion is engaged with the second bolt hole, and the first portion is positioned above the first bolt hole. Step to be placed on,
c) Insert the tip of the pin into the first bolt hole through the guide hole, and lower the upper frame to a position where the tip of another bolt corresponding to the second bolt hole does not contact the second part. Step to
d) dividing the portion of the first portion where the guide hole is formed in the circumferential direction of the outer race and removing the jig from the upper surface of the outer race;
A method for assembling a construction machine. e) further lowering the upper frame from the position of step c), and inserting the plurality of bolts into the plurality of bolt holes;
f) fastening a portion protruding from the lower surface of the outer race with a nut among the plurality of bolts;
The method for assembling a construction machine according to claim 3, further comprising:   5. The method of assembling a construction machine according to claim 4, wherein, in the step f), after the pin is removed from the tip of the bolt, the protruding portion is fastened with the nut.

Images