JP2017529394A - 抗菌性イミダゾリウム化合物 - Google Patents
抗菌性イミダゾリウム化合物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2017529394A JP2017529394A JP2017534515A JP2017534515A JP2017529394A JP 2017529394 A JP2017529394 A JP 2017529394A JP 2017534515 A JP2017534515 A JP 2017534515A JP 2017534515 A JP2017534515 A JP 2017534515A JP 2017529394 A JP2017529394 A JP 2017529394A
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- compound
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- ethyl
- alkyl
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- -1 imidazolium compound Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 509
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 title description 39
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 166
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000003115 biocidal effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 57
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims description 25
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dodecane Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004210 cyclohexylmethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(*)C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000001421 myristyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000913 palmityl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001338 self-assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003937 drug carrier Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000203069 Archaea Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical group [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical group [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical group [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical group [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010452 phosphate Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003158 alcohol group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 60
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 43
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 39
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 38
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 37
- 125000006413 ring segment Chemical group 0.000 description 35
- 125000005647 linker group Chemical group 0.000 description 32
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 24
- 125000000592 heterocycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 24
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 22
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 22
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 22
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 20
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 19
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 19
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 18
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 18
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-O Imidazolium Chemical compound C1=C[NH+]=CN1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 16
- 206010018910 Haemolysis Diseases 0.000 description 14
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 125000004404 heteroalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 102000044503 Antimicrobial Peptides Human genes 0.000 description 12
- 108700042778 Antimicrobial Peptides Proteins 0.000 description 12
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229940125782 compound 2 Drugs 0.000 description 12
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000003910 polypeptide antibiotic agent Substances 0.000 description 12
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 11
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 11
- 230000008588 hemolysis Effects 0.000 description 11
- 150000004693 imidazolium salts Chemical group 0.000 description 11
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-VMNATFBRSA-N methanol-d1 Chemical compound [2H]OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-VMNATFBRSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 9
- 239000000693 micelle Substances 0.000 description 9
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229940125904 compound 1 Drugs 0.000 description 8
- 125000000392 cycloalkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 229940024606 amino acid Drugs 0.000 description 7
- 235000001014 amino acid Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 230000000845 anti-microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229940088710 antibiotic agent Drugs 0.000 description 7
- 125000001246 bromo group Chemical group Br* 0.000 description 7
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 7
- 125000001316 cycloalkyl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 7
- 125000004366 heterocycloalkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 125000002950 monocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229940002612 prodrug Drugs 0.000 description 7
- 239000000651 prodrug Substances 0.000 description 7
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tert-Butanol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)O DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- BTANRVKWQNVYAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-2-ol Chemical compound CCC(C)O BTANRVKWQNVYAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 6
- 210000003743 erythrocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 125000004446 heteroarylalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 description 6
- 125000002346 iodo group Chemical group I* 0.000 description 6
- 230000002147 killing effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000008252 pharmaceutical gel Substances 0.000 description 6
- BBEAQIROQSPTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=CC3=CC=CC4=CC=C1C2=C43 BBEAQIROQSPTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000004400 (C1-C12) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000005018 aryl alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 125000005356 cycloalkylalkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 125000001188 haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 125000004447 heteroarylalkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 125000005885 heterocycloalkylalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 5
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000003367 polycyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000009974 thixotropic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Octanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCO KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BBMCTIGTTCKYKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-heptanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCO BBMCTIGTTCKYKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CETWDUZRCINIHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-heptanol Chemical compound CCCCCC(C)O CETWDUZRCINIHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YVBCULSIZWMTFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Heptanol Natural products CCCC(O)CCC YVBCULSIZWMTFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HBAQYPYDRFILMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 8-[3-(1-cyclopropylpyrazol-4-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidin-5-yl]-3-methyl-3,8-diazabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-2-one Chemical class C1(CC1)N1N=CC(=C1)C1=NNC2=C1N=C(N=C2)N1C2C(N(CC1CC2)C)=O HBAQYPYDRFILMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-WFGJKAKNSA-N Dimethyl sulfoxide Chemical compound [2H]C([2H])([2H])S(=O)C([2H])([2H])[2H] IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-WFGJKAKNSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RZKSECIXORKHQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Heptan-3-ol Chemical compound CCCCC(O)CC RZKSECIXORKHQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Pentanol Chemical compound CCCCCO AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 description 4
- 125000002619 bicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 4
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 229940126214 compound 3 Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000000262 haloalkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000000232 haloalkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCO ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QNVRIHYSUZMSGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexan-2-ol Chemical compound CCCCC(C)O QNVRIHYSUZMSGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZOCHHNOQQHDWHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexan-3-ol Chemical compound CCCC(O)CC ZOCHHNOQQHDWHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutanol Chemical compound CC(C)CO ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 4
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 4
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- SJWFXCIHNDVPSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octan-2-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCC(C)O SJWFXCIHNDVPSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NMRPBPVERJPACX-UHFFFAOYSA-N octan-3-ol Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)CC NMRPBPVERJPACX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 102000004196 processed proteins & peptides Human genes 0.000 description 4
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
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- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000004169 (C1-C6) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 206010059866 Drug resistance Diseases 0.000 description 3
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 125000004423 acyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000003282 alkyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- XSCHRSMBECNVNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzopyrazine Natural products N1=CC=NC2=CC=CC=C21 XSCHRSMBECNVNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012620 biological material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 239000011203 carbon fibre reinforced carbon Substances 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000004465 cycloalkenyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000009969 flowable effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- GVEPBJHOBDJJJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoranthrene Natural products C1=CC(C2=CC=CC=C22)=C3C2=CC=CC3=C1 GVEPBJHOBDJJJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001879 gelation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 3
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- 125000005241 heteroarylamino group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
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- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
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- 125000006763 (C3-C9) cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- ZZHIDJWUJRKHGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-bis(chloromethyl)benzene Chemical group ClCC1=CC=C(CCl)C=C1 ZZHIDJWUJRKHGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FCEHBMOGCRZNNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzothiophene Chemical group C1=CC=C2SC=CC2=C1 FCEHBMOGCRZNNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- URVSXZLUUCVGQM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 1-methyl-3-octylimidazol-1-ium;bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCCN1C=C[N+](C)=C1 URVSXZLUUCVGQM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- QNVRIHYSUZMSGM-LURJTMIESA-N 2-Hexanol Natural products CCCC[C@H](C)O QNVRIHYSUZMSGM-LURJTMIESA-N 0.000 description 2
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- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- UJOBWOGCFQCDNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9H-carbazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3NC2=C1 UJOBWOGCFQCDNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 description 2
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000222122 Candida albicans Species 0.000 description 2
- 229920002101 Chitin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 206010011409 Cross infection Diseases 0.000 description 2
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N D-gluconic acid Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000588724 Escherichia coli Species 0.000 description 2
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Furan Chemical compound C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycine Chemical compound NCC(O)=O DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Indole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC=CC2=C1 SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Abstract
Description
脂肪族基であり、nは少なくとも1の整数であり、Xはアニオン性カウンターイオンである。
前記定義の化合物を提供するステップと、
溶媒を添加するステップと、
化合物と溶媒とを混合するステップと
を含み、ただし、さらなるゲル化開始剤を混合物に添加しない合成法が提供される。
前記定義の化合物を提供するステップと、
溶媒を添加するステップと、
化合物と溶媒とを混合するステップと
から構成される、前記定義のゲルの合成法が提供される。
本明細書中、当業者に周知の多くの用語が使用されている。しかしながら、明確にするために、多くの用語を定義する。本明細書中で使用する以下の語および用語は、表示した意味を有する。
「ヘテロアルキル」は、好ましくは鎖中に2〜12個の炭素、さらに好ましくは2〜6個の炭素を有し、その1つ以上が、S、O、PおよびNから選択されるヘテロ原子で置換されている、直線状、線状または分枝鎖アルキル基を指す。例示的なヘテロアルキルとしては、アルキルエーテル、第2および第3アルキルアミン、アミド、アルキルスルフィドなどが挙げられる。ヘテロアルキルの例としてはさらに、ヒドロキシC1〜C6アルキル、C1〜C6アルキルオキシC1〜C6アルキル、アミノC1〜C6アルキル、C1〜C6アルキルアミノC1〜C6アルキル、およびジ(C1〜C6アルキル)アミノC1〜C6アルキルも挙げられる。この基は末端基または結合基であり得る。
「対象」はヒトまたは動物を指す。
3,4,5−トリメチルノニル、3,4,6−トリメチルノニル、3,4,7−トリメチルノニル、3,5,5−トリメチルノニル、3,5,6−トリメチルノニル、3,5,7−トリメチルノニル、3,6,6−トリメチルノニル、4,4,5−トリメチルノニル、4,4,6−トリメチルノニル、4,5,5−トリメチルノニル、4,5,6−トリメチルノニル、3−エチル−2−メチルノニル、3−エチル−3−メチルノニル、2,2,3,3−テトラメチルオクチル、2,2,3,4−テトラメチルオクチル、2,2,3,5−テトラメチルオクチル、2,2,3,6−テトラメチルオクチル、2,2,3,7−テトラメチルオクチル、2,2,4,4−テトラメチルオクチル、2,2,4,5−テトラメチルオクチル、2,2,4,6−テトラメチルオクチル、2,2,4,7−テトラメチルオクチル、2,2,5,5−テトラメチルオクチル、2,2,5,6−テトラメチルオクチル、2,2,5,7−テトラメチルオクチル、2,2,6,6−テトラメチルオクチル、2,2,6,7−テトラメチルオクチル、2,2,7,7−テトラメチルオクチル、2,3,3,4−テトラメチルオクチル、2,3,3,5−テトラメチルオクチル、2,3,3,6−テトラメチルオクチル、2,3,3,7−テトラメチルオクチル、2,3,4,4−テトラメチルオクチル、2,3,4,5−テトラメチルオクチル、2,3,4,6−テトラメチルオクチル、2,3,4,7−テトラメチルオクチル、2,3,5,5−テトラメチルオクチル、2,3,5,6−テトラメチルオクチル、2,3,5,7−テトラメチルオクチル、2,3,6,6−テトラメチルオクチル、2,3,6,7−テトラメチルオクチル、2,4,4,5−テトラメチルオクチル、2,4,4,6−テトラメチルオクチル、2,4,4,7−テトラメチルオクチル、2,4,5,5−テトラメチルオクチル、2,4,5,6−テトラメチルオクチル、2,4,5,7−テトラメチルオクチル、2,4,6,6−テトラメチルオクチル、2,5,5,6−テトラメチルオクチル、2,5,6,6−テトラメチルオクチル、3,3,4,4−テトラメチルオクチル、3,3,4,5−テトラメチルオクチル、3,3,4,6−テトラメチルオクチル、3,3,5,5−テトラメチルオクチル;3,3,5,6−テトラメチルオクチル;3,3,6,6−テトラメチルオクチル、3,4,4,5−テトラメチルオクチル、3,4,4,6−テトラメチルオクチル、3,4,5,5−テトラメチルオクチル、3,4,5,6−テトラメチルオクチル、4,4,5,5−テトラメチルオクチル、3−エチル−2,2−ジメチルオクチル、3−エチル−2,3−ジメチルオクチル、3−エチル−2,4−ジメチルオクチル、3−エチル−2,5−ジメチルオクチル、3−エチル−2,6−ジメチルオクチル;3−エチル−2,7−ジメチルオクチル、3−エチル−3,4−ジメチルオクチル、3−エチル−3,5−ジメチルオクチル、3−エチル−3,6−ジメチルオクチル、3−エチル−4,4−ジメチルオクチル、3−エチル−4,5−ジメチルオクチル、3−エチル−4,6−ジメチルオクチル、3−エチル−5,5−ジメチルオクチル、4−エチル−2,2−ジメチルオクチル、4−エチル−2,3−ジメチルオクチル、4−エチル−2,4−ジメチルオクチル、4−エチル−2,5−ジメチルオクチル、4−エチル−2,6−ジメチルオクチル、4−エチル−2,7−ジメチルオクチル、4−エチル−3,3−ジメチルオクチル、4−エチル−3,4−ジメチルオクチル、4−エチル−3,5−ジメチルオクチル、4−エチル−3,6−ジメチルオクチル、4−エチル−4,5−ジメチルオクチル、2,2,3,3,4−ペンタメチルヘプチル、2,2,3,3,5−ペンタメチルヘプチル、2,2,3,3,6−ペンタメチルヘプチル、2,2,3,4,4−ペンタメチルヘプチル、2,2,3,4,5−ペンタメチルヘプチル、2,2,3,4,6−ペンタメチルヘプチル、2,2,3,5,5−ペンタメチルヘプチル、2,2,3,5,6−ペンタメチルヘプチル、2,2,3,6,6−ペンタメチルヘプチル、2,2,4,4,5−ペンタメチルヘプチル、2,2,4,4,6−ペンタメチルヘプチル、2,2,4,5,5−ペンタメチルヘプチル、2,2,4,5,6−ペンタメチルヘプチル、2,2,4,6,6−ペンタメチルヘプチル、2,2,5,5,6−ペンタメチルヘプチル、2,3,3,4,4−ペンタメチルヘプチル、2,3,3,4,5−ペンタメチルヘプチル、2,3,3,4,6−ペンタメチルヘプチル、2,3,3,5,5−ペンタメチルヘプチル、2,3,3,5,6−ペンタメチルヘプチル、2,3,4,4,5−ペンタメチルヘプチル、2,3,4,4,6−ペンタメチルヘプチル、2,3,4,5,5−ペンタメチルヘプチル、2,3,4,5,6−ペンタメチルヘプチル、2,4,4,5,5−ペンタメチルヘプチル、3,3,4,4,5−ペンタメチルヘプチル、3,3,4,5,5−ペンタメチルヘプチル、3−エチル−2,2,3−トリメチルヘプチル、3−エチル−2,2,4−トリメチルヘプチル、3−エチル−2,2,5−トリメチルヘプチル、3−エチル−2,2,6−トリメチルヘプチル、3−エチル−2,3,4−トリメチルヘプチル、3−エチル−2,3,5−トリメチルヘプチル、3−エチル−2,3,6−トリメチルヘプチル、3−エチル−2,4,4−トリメチルヘプチル、3−エチル−2,4,5−トリメチルヘプチル、3−エチル−2,4,6−トリメチルヘプチル、3−エチル−2,5,5−トリメチルヘプチル、3−エチル−2,5,6−トリメチルヘプチル、3−エチル−3,4,4−トリメチルヘプチル、3−エチル−3,4,5−トリメチルヘプチル、3−エチル−3,5,5−トリメチルヘプチル、3−エチル−4,4,5−トリメチルヘプチル、4−エチル−2,2,3−トリメチルヘプチル、4−エチル−2,2,4−トリメチルヘプチル、4−エチル−2,2,5−トリメチルヘプチル、4−エチル−2,2,6−トリメチルヘプチル、4−エチル−2,3,3−トリメチルヘプチル、4−エチル−2,3,4−トリメチルヘプチル、4−エチル−2,3,5−トリメチルヘプチル、4−エチル−2,3,6−トリメチルヘプチル、4−エチル−2,4,5−トリメチルヘプチル、4−エチル−2,4,6−トリメチルヘプチル、4−エチル−2,5,5−トリメチルヘプチル、4−エチル−3,3,4−トリメチルヘプチル、4−エチル−3,3,5−トリメチルヘプチル、4−エチル−3,4,5−トリメチルヘプチル、5−エチル−2,2,3−トリメチルヘプチル、5−エチル−2,2,4−トリメチルヘプチル、5−エチル−2,2,5−トリメチルヘプチル、5−エチル−2,2,6−トリメチルヘプチル、5−エチル−2,3,3−トリメチルヘプチル、5−エチル−2,3,4−トリメチルヘプチル、5−エチル−2,3,5−トリメチルヘプチル、5−エチル−2,4,4−トリメチルヘプチル、5−エチル−2,4,5−トリメチルヘプチル、5−エチル−3,3,4−トリメチルヘプチル、3,3−ジエチル−2−メチルヘプチル、3,3−ジエチル−4−メチルヘプチル、3,3−ジエチル−5−メチルヘプチル、3,4−ジエチル−2−メチルヘプチル、3,4−ジエチル−3−メチルヘプチル、2,2,3,3,4,4−ヘキサメチルヘキシル、2,2,3,3,4,5−ヘキサメチルヘキシル、2,2,3,3,5,5−ヘキサメチルヘキシル、2,2,3,4,4,5−ヘキサメチルヘキシル、2,2,3,4,5,5−ヘキサメチルヘキシル、2,3,3,4,4,5−ヘキサメチルヘキシル、3−エチル−2,2,3,4−テトラメチルヘキシル、3−エチル−2,2,3,5−テトラメチルヘキシル、3−エチル−2,2,4,4−テトラメチルヘキシル、3−エチル−2,2,4,5−テトラメチルヘキシル、3−エチル−2,2,5,5−テトラメチルヘキシル、3−エチル−2,3,4,4−テトラメチルヘキシル、3−エチル−2,3,4,5−テトラメチルヘキシル、4−エチル−2,2,3,3−テトラメチルヘキシル、4−エチル−2,2,3,4−テトラメチルヘキシル、4−エチル−2,2,3,5−テトラメチルヘキシル、4−エチル−2,2,4,5−テトラメチルヘキシル、4−エチル−2,3,3,4−テトラメチルヘキシル、4−エチル−2,3,3,5−テトラメチルヘキシル、3,3−ジエチル−2,2−ジメチルヘキシル、3,3−ジエチル−2,4−ジメチルヘキシル、3,3−ジエチル−2,5−ジメチルヘキシル;3,3−ジエチル−4,4−ジメチルヘキシル、3,4−ジエチル−2,2−ジメチルヘキシル、3,4−ジエチル−2,3−ジメチルヘキシル、3,4−ジエチル−2,4−ジメチルヘキシル、3,4−ジエチル−2,5−ジメチルヘキシル、3,4−ジエチル−3,4−ジメチルヘキシル、3−エチル−2,2,3,4,4−ペンタメチルペンチル、3,3−ジエチル−2,2,4−トリメチルペンチル、2,2,3,4−テトラメチル−3−(1−メチルエチル)ペンチル、2,2,4,4−テトラメチル−3−(1−メチルエチル)ペンチル、および3−エチル−2,4−ジメチル−3−(1−メチルエチル)ペンチルからなる群から選択され得る。
前記定義の化合物を提供するステップと、
溶媒を添加するステップと、
化合物と溶媒とを混合するステップと
を含み、ただし、さらなるゲル化開始剤を混合物に添加しない合成法が提供される。
前記定義の化合物を提供するステップと、
溶媒を添加するステップと、
化合物と溶媒とを混合するステップと
から構成される合成法が提供される。
実施例
本開示の非限定例を具体的な実施例を参照してさらに詳細に記載するが、実施例は発明の範囲を限定するものとしてと決して解釈されるべきではない。
代表的化合物
イミダゾリウムオリゴマー化合物の合成
すべての材料はSigma AldrichまたはMerckから購入し、購入したままの状態で使用した。すべての操作は空気または水分を除去するための特別な注意を払うことなく実施した。核磁気共鳴(NMR)スペクトルは、Bruker AV−400(400MHz)分光計を用いて取得した。化学シフトは、溶媒共鳴を内部標準として使用してテトラメチルシランからのppmで報告した。
イミダゾール(0.9g、13.0mmol)および水酸化ナトリウム(0.5g、12mmol)のDMSO(5mL)中混合物を90℃に2時間加熱し、次いで室温に冷却した。α,α’−ジクロロ−p−キシレン(0.99g、5.7mmol)のDMSO(10mL)中溶液を混合物に添加し、一定して撹拌しながらゆっくりと40℃まで1時間加熱した。得られた溶液を氷冷水(40mL)中に注いだ。沈殿を集め、水で洗浄し、メタノール/水から再結晶して、1,4−ビス(N−イミダゾール−1−イルメチル)ベンゼン(1)を白色固体として得た(0.95g、79%)。1H NMR(CDC13):δ 7.55(s,2H),7.13(s,4H),7.10(s,2H),6.89(s,2H),5.12(s,4H).MS(GC−MS)m/z 238(M+).
類似の手順を1,2−ビス(N−イミダゾール−1−イルメチル)ベンゼン、α,α’−ジクロロ−o−キシレン(2)の合成のために使用した。1H NMR(CDC13):δ 7.45(s,2H),7.38(d,2H),7.12(s,2H),7.08(d,2H),6.80(s,2H),5.03(s,4H).MS(GC−MS)m/z 238(M+).
(3)−C6は、図1中(3)によって表されるように、イミダゾール窒素のうちの1つにてC6H13置換基を有する1,4−ビス(N−イミダゾール−1−イルメチル)ベンゼン(1)である)。1,4−ビス(N−イミダゾール−1−イルメチル)ベンゼン(1)(10mmol、2.38g)および1−ブロモヘキサン(9.8mmol、1.375mL)の混合物をDMF(15mL)中で90℃にて撹拌した。一晩撹拌した後、反応混合物を冷却させた後、ジエチルエーテル(50mL)中に注いで、生成物を粘稠性溶液として単離した。粘稠性溶液を洗浄し、溶液を真空中で乾燥して、DMFを除去することによって、生成物を定量的収率で得た。1NMR(DMSO−D6):δ 9.43(s,IH),7.85(m,3H),7.42(d,2H),7.30(d,2H),7.19(s,IH),6.87(s,IH),5.45(s,2H),5.22(s,2H),4.18(m,2H),1.77(b,2H),1.23(b,6H),0.83(t,3H).
(3)−C10:1H NMR(MeOD):δ 9.21(s,IH),7.76(s,1H),7.65(d,2H),7.45(d,2H),7.34(d,2H),7.12(s,1H),6.98(s,1H),5.40(s,2H),5.26(s,2H),4.20(m,2H),1.90(b,2H),1.32(b,14H),0.89(t,3H).
(3)−C12:1H NMR(MeOD):δ 9.21(s,1H),7.76(s,1H),7.65(d,2H),7.45(d,2H),7.34(d,2H),7.12(s,1H),6.98(s,1H),5.43(s,2H),5.27(s,2H),4.23(m,2H),1.90(b,2H),1.32(b,18H),0.90(t,3H).
(3)−C14:1H NMR(DMSO−D6):δ 9.27(s,1H),7.80(m,3H),7.38(d,2H),7.31(d,2H),7.17(s,1H),6.89(s,1H),5.39(s,2H),5.20(s,2H),4.11(m,2H),1.77(b,2H),1.25(b,22H),0.85(t,3H).
(3)−C16:1H NMR(DMSO−D6):δ 9.28(s,1H),7.80(m,3H),7.38(d,2H),7.32(d,2H),7.18(s,1H),6.90(s,1H),5.39(s,2H),5.20(s,2H),4.15(m,2H),1.78(b,2H),1.23(b,26H),0.85(t,3H).
(3)−Cy:1H NMR(DMSO−D6):δ 9.28(s,1H),7.80(m,3H),7.38(d,2H),7.31(d,2H),7.17(s,1H),6.90(s,1H),5.40(s,2H),5.20(s,2H),4.03(m,2H),0.91−1.79(m,11H).
1,2−ビス(N−イミダゾール−1−イルメチル)ベンゼン、(2)(238mg、1mmol)をα,α’−ジクロロ−p−キシレン(5mmol)のDMF溶液に添加した。結果として得られる溶液を90℃で8時間撹拌した。反応混合物を冷却し、濾過して、不溶性部分を除去した。溶媒を真空下で除去した。生成物4を再沈殿によって精製した。1H NMR(CD3OD):d 7.35−7.70(m,18H),5.68(s,4H),5.52(s,4H),5.43(s,4H).
化合物1に関して、(3)−C6(364mg、1mmol)を4(294、0.5mmol)のDMF溶液に添加した。結果として得られる溶液を90℃で撹拌した。一晩撹拌した後、溶液を遠心分離し、溶液をデカントした。析出した固体を次いでDMFで洗浄し、MeOHからの再沈殿によってさらに精製して、生成物を白色固体として得た。1H NMR(MeOD):δ 9.35(s,6H),7.35−7.70(m,32H),5.70(s,4H),5.49(m,16H),4.24(m,2H),1.89(b,2H),1.34(b,6H),0.90(t,3H).
同じ手順を使用して、他の化合物、すなわち化合物2〜化合物7を合成した。
化合物3:1H NMR(MeOD):δ 9.35(s,6H),7.35−7.70(m,32H),5.70(s,4H),5.50(m,16H),4.24(m,2H),1.91(b,2H),1.35(b,14H),0.90(t,3H).
化合物4:lH NMR(MeOD):δ 9.35(s,6H),7.35−7.70(m,32H),5.70(s,4H),5.47(m,16H),4.23(m,2H),1.90(b,2H),1.32(b,18H),0.90(t,3H).
化合物5:lH NMR(MeOD):δ 9.35(s,6H),7.35−7.70(m,32H),5.70(s,4H),5.47(m,16H),4.23(m,2H),1.89(b,2H),1.33(b,22H),0.90(t,3H).
化合物6:1H NMR(MeOD):δ 7.35−7.70(m,32H),5.70(s,4H),5.46(m,16H),4.23(m,2H),1.90(b,2H),1.32(b,26H),0.90(t,3H).
化合物7:1H NMR(MeOD):δ 9.35(s,6H),7.35−7.70(m,32H),5.70(s,4H),5.49(m,16H),4.09(m,2H),0.98−1.89(m,11H).
代表的な化合物の両親媒性
実施例1の代表的な化合物のlogPo/w計算値は、表2で示すように−6.06(化合物7)から0.27(化合物6)まで及んだ。
最小発育阻止濃度
黄色ブドウ球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)(ATCC6538、グラム陽性)、大腸菌(Escherichia coli)(ATCC25922、グラム陰性)、緑膿菌(Pseudomonas aeruginosa)(グラム陰性)、およびカンジダ・アルビカンス(Candida albicans)(ATCC10231、酵母)を代表的な微生物として使用して、イミダゾリウム塩の抗菌機能を検証した。すべての細菌および酵母を−80℃にて凍結保存し、トリプチック・ソイ・ブロス(TSB)中で37℃にて一晩増殖させた後、実験した。酵母をイースト・モールド(YM)ブロス中、22℃にて一晩増殖させた。これらの培養物のサブサンプルを3時間さらに増殖させ、希釈して、3×108CFUmL-1(マクファーランド標準)に相当する、600nmで0.07の光学密度値を得た。
溶血
これらの材料を全身適用で使用する前に、哺乳類細胞よりも微生物細胞に対するこれらの材料の選択性も考慮すべきである。そのような選択性は、多くの場合、溶血反応の観察によって決定される。溶血は、以下の方法で実施した:新鮮なラット赤血球(RBC)をPBS緩衝液で希釈して、RBCストック懸濁液(4体積%血球)を得た。RBCストックの100μlアリコートを、様々な濃度のオリゴマー化合物ストック溶液(PBS中連続2倍希釈)100mLを含む96ウェルプレートに添加した。37℃で1時間インキュベートした後、各ウェルの内容物をピペットでミクロ遠心管に入れ、次いで4000rpmで5分間遠心分離した。溶血活性は、100mLの上清のOD576を測定することによってヘモグロビン放出の関数として決定した。PBSのみを含む対照溶液を0%溶血反応の基準として使用した。0.5%Triton−XをRBCに添加することによって100%溶血を測定した。
溶血%=(OD576(オリゴマー)−OD576(PBS) / OD576(Triton−X)−OD576(PBS))×100
図2で示すように、合成したすべてのオリゴマー化合物について、赤血球の溶血反応は、各MIC値で誘導されなかったことに注目した。
選択性評価
各オリゴマー化合物の安全性および有効性の尺度かつ比較である選択性指数(SI)を算出することによって、材料の選択性もさらに評価した。各オリゴマー化合物の選択性指数を、HC10値(10%以上の溶血を誘導する最低オリゴマー化合物濃度と定義される)のGM(試験した4つの微生物のMICの幾何平均)に対する比として算出した。本明細書中では、文献でしばしば報告されたHC50値よりもストリンジェントな制御のHC10値を選択した。10を超える選択性指数は、全身適用および外部適用の両方における材料の潜在的な有用性を意味する。
最小殺生物濃度
MIC値は抗菌剤としての化合物の有効性の全体像を提供するが、化合物の微生物の増殖を抑制する能力も微生物を完全に除去する能力も区別しない。化合物は、最小殺生物濃度(MBC)がMIC値の4倍未満である場合にのみ、殺菌性とみなされる。
Log減少=log10(コロニー数(PBS対照)×希釈係数)−log10(コロニー数(オリゴマー)×希釈係数)
殺菌率%=((対照×希釈係数)―(オリゴマー×希釈係数) / (対照×希釈係数))×100
時間殺菌動力学
大腸菌に対するソリゴーム(soligome)化合物の時間殺菌も調査した。時間殺菌動力学に関する実験の設定は、MBC測定の設定と同様であった。微生物を4MIC濃度のオリゴマー化合物で処理し、サンプルを各ウェルから2分で採取した。500μlの細胞懸濁液を除去し、増殖培地を用いた一連の10倍希釈によって救出し、プレーティングするまで氷上で保持した。プレーティングのために、50μl〜200μlの希釈サンプルを増殖培地寒天プレート上に広げ、37℃で一晩インキュベーションした後にコロニーを計数した。
臨界ミセル濃度
長いn−アルキル鎖を導入すると分子は両親媒性になり、これがきっかけとなって分子の自己組織化過程が開始し得る。微生物の処理前にポリマーを事前に微細構造形成してミセルにすることで、増強した微生物作用が可能であり得る。ほとんどの両親媒性分子は水溶液中でミセルを形成することができ、一部の抗菌性化合物に関して、そのような自己組織化はそれらの効力にとって重要であり得る。親水性ブロックの両端に結合した疎水性尾部から構成される構造を有する合成化合物を、ミセル微細構造を形成するそれらそれらの能力について研究した。
イミダゾリウム化合物のゲル化特性
イミダゾリウムオリゴマー化合物を4mLのガラスバイアル中に直接秤り取り、続いて既知重量または体積の溶媒を添加することによって、ゲルを調製した。イミダゾリウムおよび溶媒の両方を含むバイアルをボルテックスまたは音波処理して、イミダゾリウムが完全に溶解し分散することを確実にした後、4℃の冷蔵庫中に一晩入れた。管反転試験法を使用して、様々な溶媒中のゲル形成を調べた。
レオロジー
歪み制御レオメータ(ARES G2、米国)を使用して室温でレオロジー実験を実施した。動的貯蔵弾性率(G’)を0.1〜100rad/sの頻度の関数として調べた。粘弾性の直線性を確認するために、5%の歪み振幅で測定を実施した。加えて、ゲルの粘度も0.1〜50/sの剪断率の関数として調べた。
SEM観察結果
化合物2キセロゲルに対してSEM画像化を実施した(図7B)。10keVの加速電圧で動作する電界放射SEM(JEOL JSM−7400F)を使用して、オルガノゲル微細構造の形態を観察した。ゲルを超臨界乾燥によって乾燥させ、無水条件下、グローブボックス中またはデシケータ中のいずれかで保存した後、画像化した。
自己ゲル化
ブロックコポリマーおよびペプチドなどの多くの両親媒性構造は、自己組織化によりゲルを形成して、ある微細構造にできることは周知である。抗菌材料のほとんどは両親媒性構造をとり得るが、多くの場合、自己ゲル化は実現されない。まとまって、キチンおよび乳酸材料に基づくペプチドおよびブロックポリマーを含むヒドロゲルを形成できる抗菌材料が報告されている。しかしながら、これらの組織化過程は、典型的には、共ゲル化ポリマーまたは抗菌材料を他のポリマーとグラフトさせることによって誘導される。ここで、化合物1〜化合物6のイミダゾリウムオリゴマー化合物の比類のないサンドイッチ型両親媒性構造によって、非常に活発な抗菌活性および、その機序を図7Cに示す、自己組織化してオルガノゲルになる能力をはじめとする新規特性が提供される。これらの特性は、個人用衛生、殺菌および他のヘルスケア分野における応用について特に魅力的である。
以前に報告されているイミダゾリウムオリゴマーIBN−1について、その両親媒性はその極性セグメントによって支配されていた。logPo/w計算値は−6.14であり、合計極性表面積(TPSA)は52.91である。
Claims (19)
- 次式(I):
- Rが、任意に置換されていてもよい線状アルキル、任意に置換されていてもよい分枝アルキル、任意に置換されていてもよい環状アルキル、任意に置換されていてもよいハロゲン化アルキル、任意に置換されていてもよいアルキルアルケン、任意に置換されていてもよいアルキルアルキンまたはそれらの任意の組み合わせである、請求項1に記載の化合物。
- Rが、5〜20個の炭素原子、さらに好ましくは6〜16個の炭素原子を含む飽和線状アルキルまたは飽和環状アルキルからなる群から選択され得る、請求項2に記載の化合物。
- Rが、シクロヘキシルメチル(C6H11CH2)、ヘキシル(C6H13)、オクチル(C8H17)、デシル(C10H21)、ドデシル(C12H25)、テトラデシル(C14H29)、ヘキサデシル(C16H33)およびそれらの任意の混合物からなる群から選択される、請求項3に記載の化合物。
- nが5、6または7であり得る、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の化合物。
- Xが、ハロゲン、カーボネート、ホスフェート、ニトレート、スルフェート、カルボキシレートまたはそれらの任意の組み合わせである、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の化合物。
- 式(I)中のベンゼン環が、メタ位、オルト位、パラ位またはそれらの任意の組み合わせで置換されている、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の化合物。
- 前記化合物が次式(II):
を有する、請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の化合物。 - 前記化合物が両親媒性である、請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載の化合物。
- 請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載の化合物、またはその薬学的に許容される塩もしくは水和物を薬学的に許容される担体とあわせて含む、医薬組成物。
- 請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載の化合物と溶媒とを含む、ゲル。
- 前記ゲルを、請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載の化合物の自己組織化によって形成することができる、請求項11に記載のゲル。
- 前記溶媒がアルコールである、請求項11または12に記載のゲル。
- 前記ゲルが、請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載の化合物を4重量%〜15重量%の範囲で含む、請求項11〜13のいずれか1項に記載のゲル。
- 請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載の化合物、請求項19に記載の医薬組成物または請求項11〜14のいずれか1項に記載のゲルの、抗生物質としての使用。
- 微生物を殺すかまたは微生物の増殖を抑制する、請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載の化合物、請求項19に記載の医薬組成物または請求項11〜14のいずれか1項に記載のゲルの使用。
- 前記微生物が、細菌、古細菌、真菌、原生生物、動物、植物、またはそれらの任意の混合物である、請求項16に記載の使用。
- 前記定義の化合物を提供するステップと、
溶媒を添加するステップと
前記化合物と前記溶媒とを混合するステップと
を含み、ただし、さらなるゲル化開始剤を前記混合物に添加しない、請求項11〜14のいずれか1項に記載のゲルを合成する方法。 - 前記定義の化合物を提供するステップと、
溶媒を添加するステップと、
前記化合物と前記溶媒とを混合するステップと
からなる、請求項11〜14のいずれか1項に記載のゲルを合成する方法。
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- 2015-09-15 EP EP15842126.3A patent/EP3194371B1/en active Active
- 2015-09-15 CN CN201580061237.3A patent/CN107108518B/zh active Active
- 2015-09-15 BR BR112017004991A patent/BR112017004991A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2015-09-15 JP JP2017534515A patent/JP6488014B2/ja active Active
- 2015-09-15 WO PCT/SG2015/050318 patent/WO2016043660A1/en active Application Filing
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2018
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Also Published As
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US20170291877A1 (en) | 2017-10-12 |
CN107108518B (zh) | 2020-08-11 |
CN107108518A (zh) | 2017-08-29 |
US10160728B2 (en) | 2018-12-25 |
EP3194371A4 (en) | 2018-03-21 |
JP6488014B2 (ja) | 2019-03-20 |
SG11201702009WA (en) | 2017-04-27 |
US10570097B2 (en) | 2020-02-25 |
EP3194371B1 (en) | 2020-09-02 |
EP3194371A1 (en) | 2017-07-26 |
WO2016043660A1 (en) | 2016-03-24 |
BR112017004991A2 (pt) | 2017-12-05 |
US20190016684A1 (en) | 2019-01-17 |
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