JP2017525745A - クロロトリフルオロエチレンの製造方法 - Google Patents
クロロトリフルオロエチレンの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2017525745A JP2017525745A JP2017512799A JP2017512799A JP2017525745A JP 2017525745 A JP2017525745 A JP 2017525745A JP 2017512799 A JP2017512799 A JP 2017512799A JP 2017512799 A JP2017512799 A JP 2017512799A JP 2017525745 A JP2017525745 A JP 2017525745A
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- Prior art keywords
- fluorinated
- metal
- catalyst
- chlorinated
- alloy
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- UUAGAQFQZIEFAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorotrifluoroethylene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)Cl UUAGAQFQZIEFAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 3
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- YMRMDGSNYHCUCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dichloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethane Chemical compound FC(Cl)C(F)(F)Cl YMRMDGSNYHCUCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 229910001507 metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 150000005309 metal halides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000007033 dehydrochlorination reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- AIYUHDOJVYHVIT-UHFFFAOYSA-M caesium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cs+] AIYUHDOJVYHVIT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 18
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 18
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium fluoride Chemical compound [Li+].[F-] PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[Na+] PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910018068 Li 2 O Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910001026 inconel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000792 Monel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000856 hastalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001293 incoloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001256 stainless steel alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 16
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910001119 inconels 625 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- UPVJEODAZWTJKZ-OWOJBTEDSA-N (e)-1,2-dichloro-1,2-difluoroethene Chemical group F\C(Cl)=C(\F)Cl UPVJEODAZWTJKZ-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005796 dehydrofluorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000026030 halogenation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005658 halogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- AJDIZQLSFPQPEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2-Trichlorotrifluoroethane Chemical compound FC(F)(Cl)C(F)(Cl)Cl AJDIZQLSFPQPEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910004261 CaF 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- AFYPFACVUDMOHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorotrifluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)Cl AFYPFACVUDMOHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- PXBRQCKWGAHEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichlorodifluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)(Cl)Cl PXBRQCKWGAHEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019404 dichlorodifluoromethane Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 polychlorotrifluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- MIZLGWKEZAPEFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2-trifluoroethene Chemical compound FC=C(F)F MIZLGWKEZAPEFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BOUGCJDAQLKBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloro-1,2,2,2-tetrafluoroethane Chemical compound FC(Cl)C(F)(F)F BOUGCJDAQLKBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004338 Dichlorodifluoromethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001780 ECTFE Polymers 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011203 carbon fibre reinforced carbon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000382 dechlorinating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002313 fluoropolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004811 fluoropolymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002290 gas chromatography-mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002493 poly(chlorotrifluoroethylene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005023 polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE) polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011949 solid catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C17/00—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons
- C07C17/25—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by splitting-off hydrogen halides from halogenated hydrocarbons
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C17/00—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons
- C07C17/23—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by dehalogenation
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- B01J27/06—Halogens; Compounds thereof
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- B01J27/128—Halogens; Compounds thereof with iron group metals or platinum group metals
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- C07C17/38—Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives
- C07C17/42—Use of additives, e.g. for stabilisation
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C19/00—Acyclic saturated compounds containing halogen atoms
- C07C19/08—Acyclic saturated compounds containing halogen atoms containing fluorine
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Abstract
Description
脱塩化水素化は、場合によっては酸化剤の存在下又は不存在下で行うことができる。酸化剤の有用な例としては酸素及び二酸化炭素が挙げられるが、これらに限定されない。酸化剤を用いることによって、触媒の寿命を延ばすことができる。酸化剤は純粋であってよく、或いは反応器中に導入する前に窒素のような不活性ガスで希釈することができる。酸化剤のレベルは、一般に、有機供給材料の体積を基準として約1体積%〜約10体積%、好ましくは約2体積%〜5体積%である。
実施例1:
約40mLの10%CsCl/MgF2触媒を、3/4インチ×0.035インチの管状インコネル625反応器中に充填した。反応器を、電気式3区画分割炉の中央部内に設置した。反応器の内部及び触媒床内に配置した多点式熱電対を用いてプロセス温度を記録した。反応器を、まず窒素流中で所望の温度に加熱し、次に純度94.6%のHCFC−123aを含む流れを、垂直に設置した反応器の底部中に12g/時の供給速度で供給して反応を開始させた。反応器圧力は1気圧に設定した。反応器流出流を周期的にサンプリングし、GC−MS及びGCによってその組成に関して分析して、原材料の転化率レベル及び生成物の選択率を求めた。
HCFC−123aの脱塩化水素化のために、約40mLのフッ素化15重量%Cs2O/MgO触媒を、実施例1に記載したものと同じ3/4インチ×0.035インチの管状インコネル625反応器中に装填した。反応器を窒素流中で480℃に加熱した。温度が安定した後、純度94.6%のHCFC−123a供給材料を、12グラム/時(g/時)の速度で触媒床に通した。反応器圧力は1気圧に設定した。表2に示すように、15重量%Cs2O/MgO触媒によって、平均で約15%のHCFC−123aの転化率及び約95%のCFO−1113の選択率が与えられた。
HCFC−123aの脱塩化水素化のために、約40mLの1重量%Pd/MgO触媒を、実施例1に記載したものと同じ3/4インチ×0.035インチの管状インコネル625反応器中に装填した。反応器を窒素流中で450℃に加熱した。温度が安定した後、純度94.6%のHCFC−123a供給材料を、12グラム/時(g/時)の速度で触媒床に通した。反応器圧力は1気圧に設定した。表3に示すように、1重量%Pd/MgO触媒によって、約10%のHCFC−123aの転化率及び約97%のCFO−1113の選択率が与えられた。
本発明は以下の態様を含む。
[1]
(i)1種類以上の金属ハロゲン化物;(ii)1種類以上のハロゲン化金属酸化物;(iii)1種類以上の0価の金属又は金属合金;(iv)これらの組合せ;からなる群から選択される触媒の存在下で1,2−ジクロロ−1,1,2−トリフルオロエタン(HCFC−123a)を脱塩化水素化して、CFO−1113を含む反応生成物を生成させる;
ことを含む、クロロトリフルオロエチレン(CFO−1113)の製造方法。
[2]
HCFC−123aの転化率が少なくとも約5重量%であり、クロロトリフルオロエチレンへの選択率が少なくとも約70重量%であり、反応生成物は約10重量%未満のCFO−1112を含む、[1]に記載の方法。
[3]
脱塩化水素化工程の相当部分を約480℃〜約550℃の温度において行う、[2]に記載の方法。
[4]
触媒が少なくとも1種類の金属ハロゲン化物を含み、成分の金属は、Cr3+、Fe3+、Mg2+、Ca2+、Ni2+、Zn2+、Pd2+、Li+、Na+、K+、及びCs+からなる群から選択され、成分のハロゲンは、F−、Cl−、Br−、及びI−からなる群から選択される、[1]に記載の方法。
[5]
触媒が、MgF2と、CsCl、LiCl、NaCl、KCl、LiF、NaF、KF、及び/又はCsFの1以上を含む、[1]に記載の方法。
[6]
触媒が、フッ素化又は塩素化MgO、フッ素化又は塩素化CaO、フッ素化又は塩素化Li2O、フッ素化又は塩素化Na2O、フッ素化又は塩素化K2O、及びフッ素化又は塩素化Cs2Oからなる群から選択される少なくとも1種類のハロゲン化金属酸化物を含む、[1]に記載の方法。
[7]
触媒が、0価の金属、0価の金属合金、又はこれらの組合せを含む、[1]に記載の方法。
[8]
0価の金属又は0価の金属合金が、場合によっては担持されており、Pd、Pt、Rh、Ru、Ir、Os、Fe、Co、Ni、Cu、Mo、Cr、Mn、及び組合せからなる群から選択される少なくとも1種類の金属を含む、[1]に記載の方法。
[9]
0価の金属又は0価の金属合金が、MgO上に担持されているPd、Pt、Ru、Rh、及び/又はIrの1以上を含む、[1]に記載の方法。
[10]
0価の金属合金が、ステンレススチール合金、モネル合金、インコネル合金、ハステロイ合金、インコロイ合金、及びこれらの組合せからなる群から選択される、[1]に記載の方法。
Claims (10)
- (i)1種類以上の金属ハロゲン化物;(ii)1種類以上のハロゲン化金属酸化物;(iii)1種類以上の0価の金属又は金属合金;(iv)これらの組合せ;からなる群から選択される触媒の存在下で1,2−ジクロロ−1,1,2−トリフルオロエタン(HCFC−123a)を脱塩化水素化して、CFO−1113を含む反応生成物を生成させる;
ことを含む、クロロトリフルオロエチレン(CFO−1113)の製造方法。 - HCFC−123aの転化率が少なくとも約5重量%であり、クロロトリフルオロエチレンへの選択率が少なくとも約70重量%であり、反応生成物は約10重量%未満のCFO−1112を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 脱塩化水素化工程の相当部分を約480℃〜約550℃の温度において行う、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 触媒が少なくとも1種類の金属ハロゲン化物を含み、成分の金属は、Cr3+、Fe3+、Mg2+、Ca2+、Ni2+、Zn2+、Pd2+、Li+、Na+、K+、及びCs+からなる群から選択され、成分のハロゲンは、F−、Cl−、Br−、及びI−からなる群から選択される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 触媒が、MgF2と、CsCl、LiCl、NaCl、KCl、LiF、NaF、KF、及び/又はCsFの1以上を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 触媒が、フッ素化又は塩素化MgO、フッ素化又は塩素化CaO、フッ素化又は塩素化Li2O、フッ素化又は塩素化Na2O、フッ素化又は塩素化K2O、及びフッ素化又は塩素化Cs2Oからなる群から選択される少なくとも1種類のハロゲン化金属酸化物を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 触媒が、0価の金属、0価の金属合金、又はこれらの組合せを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 0価の金属又は0価の金属合金が、場合によっては担持されており、Pd、Pt、Rh、Ru、Ir、Os、Fe、Co、Ni、Cu、Mo、Cr、Mn、及び組合せからなる群から選択される少なくとも1種類の金属を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 0価の金属又は0価の金属合金が、MgO上に担持されているPd、Pt、Ru、Rh、及び/又はIrの1以上を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 0価の金属合金が、ステンレススチール合金、モネル合金、インコネル合金、ハステロイ合金、インコロイ合金、及びこれらの組合せからなる群から選択される、請求項1に記載の方法。
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