JP2017512265A - Fabric wire and method for producing short fiber nonwoven fabric - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a cloth wire to be mounted on a cloth roll of a card machine, and the cloth wire has a base portion (1) and a blade portion (4). The slope dh / db of the height (h) as a function of the width (b) of at least the first part (10) of the blade side surface (5, 6) of at least one blade side surface (5, 6) The slope dh / db of the second part (11) is larger, and the second part (11) is closer to the base (1) than the first part (10). The sign of the gradient dh / db is the same. In the region extending downward from the at least one second part (11) by a vertical distance of at most 1/8 of the total height of the blade, the sign of the gradient dh / db on at least one blade side (5, 6) There should be no bumps or depressions that would change.

Description

  The present invention relates to a sawtooth wire for a roll of a card machine.

  The carding machine opens fibers (individualized), aligns them, homogenizes them (for non-woven fabric production) and / or juxtapositions of fiber materials such as wool, cotton, synthetic fibers or mixed fibers ( Used for yarn production). Card processing can be utilized to make fiber mats from fiber materials. The fiber mat is a collection of aligned individual fibers that are not bundled. For example, a nonwoven fabric can be made from this type of fiber mat. During card processing, fibers are taken out from a large card roll known as Swift by take-out means and are combined to form a fiber mat.

  The card machine may have various card rolls, each of which has teeth, serrations, or spikes protruding outward in a generally radial direction. The number and / or size and / or density of teeth, serrations or spikes may vary as well as their shape and structure.

  The card roll generally includes an all-steel garment. This includes a sawtooth wire that is wound on a card roll in tension. The sawtooth wire has a base and a blade. The base may have a rectangular or square cross section, for example. In the operating position, the blade portion protrudes away from the base portion at a substantially right angle to the curved surface of the card roll. The blade portion has a sawtooth shape so as to constitute teeth and serrations. The sawtooth wire is tensioned in the longitudinal direction and wound around the curved surface of the card roll, and the two ends are attached to the card roll.

  Sawtooth wires are known per se. For example, Chinese Utility Model No. 201512617 discloses a sawtooth wire having teeth that are inclined obliquely at the blade portion.

  In US Pat. No. 5,096,506A, one side of the blade (the side of the blade) is perpendicular to the base area of the base, and the other side of the blade is inclined with respect to the base area of the base. A sawtooth wire is shown. As for the inclined side surface of the blade portion, the side away from the base portion is steeper than the remaining portion of the surface. Accordingly, the thickness of the blade portion increases more rapidly than the remaining region of the blade portion on the side away from the base portion.

  US Pat. No. 6,185,789 B1 shows a sawtooth wire having a blade side with a plurality of convex portions. The advantage listed for these sawtooth wires is that they are superior to conventional sawtooth wires in that unspun fibers and other foreign matter can be separated from spinnable fibers during card processing.

  As a practical matter, the problem is that the tip of the tooth is particularly worn out. Since the tip of the tooth is rounded over time, the quality and efficiency of card processing is reduced. Re-polishing the card wire attached to the drum (card roll) is a countermeasure. In this way, the tip of the rounded tooth can be sharpened again.

  However, the latter method can only delay the long-term loss of quality and efficiency, but it cannot stop it.

  For the reasons mentioned, it is an object of the present invention to make a sawtooth wire that can optimally homogenize and juxtapose the fibers over a long period of use during the production of the fiber mat. During card processing, the fibers must remain intact or only slightly damaged.

  In order to achieve this object, the present invention proposes a sawtooth wire according to claim 1 and a method for producing a short fiber nonwoven fabric according to claim 16. A short fiber yarn or a nonwoven fabric can be made from a short fiber nonwoven fabric.

  One of the features of the sawtooth wire according to the present invention is a base that serves to seat the wire on the card roll. The surface of the base that contacts the card roll (when the sawtooth wire is wound on the card roll) is shown as the base area. In principle, the base is the widest part of the wire. When wires are wound on card rolls, the lateral ends of adjacent wire bases are usually in contact with each other.

  The base area of the base includes an axial direction Z of the wire (first space direction: defined by the length extension direction of the sawtooth wire) and a side direction B (second spatial direction: perpendicular to the axial direction of the wire). It extends to. The third spatial direction is the height direction H and extends perpendicular to the base of the base toward the outer surface of the sawtooth wire (ie, away from the base and toward the blade). Measured from the base area, the height value (ie, the value in the height direction) increases towards the maximum blade height. Thus, the (height) position of the point close to the base is shown as the lower, and the position of the point close to the outer surface (of the sawtooth wire) is shown as the higher.

  The axial direction, height direction, and lateral direction of the wires are perpendicular to each other (in pairs). Thus, these three directions define a Cartesian coordinate system.

  The blade portion extending in the height direction is, as a rule, tapered toward the top, in other words, the width of the blade portion gradually decreases with increasing height in many cases. The blade portion is limited in the lateral direction by the first and second blade portion side surfaces. One of the two blade sides has a slope dh (b) / db (hereinafter referred to as “dh / db”) of the height as a function of the width (although not always). Often, that is, the blade side of the subject is parallel to the vertical line going down to the base of the base. In this case, the other blade side surface ("at least one blade side surface" in the expression of the present application) has a finite gradient dh / db, that is, the angle formed with the above-described vertical line is not 0 °. The taper described above is achieved.

  The height value at the position where the blade portion extends most in the height direction is shown as the maximum height of the blade portion. The height value at the position where the blade begins (at its bottom) is shown as the minimum height. The distance (in the height direction) between the minimum height and the maximum height is the total height of the blade. Therefore, the minimum height and the maximum height are individual height values. The total height is a distance (length) in the height direction.

  The manufacture of sawtooth wire begins with the pulling of the wire (gezogen). Subsequently, the wire is rotated (gewalzt) in the process of forming a rough base region and a less rough blade region in the wire. The cross section of the wire is constant within manufacturing tolerances with respect to the longitudinal direction of the wire. A conventional recess is periodically punched in a portion of the blade region further away from the base region, thereby forming a tooth. And at least the tooth | gear part of a blade area | region is hardened. Therefore, normally, at least the tooth portion of the blade region is harder (harder) than the base region (here soft). Sawtooth wires typically have a length of several hundred meters to several kilometers.

  When the sawtooth wire is wound on the card roll, the base forms a closed region (except for the narrow gap between the sawtooth wires). A gap called a card gap is formed between adjacent blade portions above the base portion (the blade portion is thinner than the base portion). Since the blade portion is tapered toward the top (usually), the card gap adjacent to the blade portion gradually increases toward the top accordingly.

  The base region may have a flat side surface. However, each base region has ridges and / or depressions (contours) on one side, and when the sawtooth wire is wound on the card roll on the other side, Opposite ridges and / or depressions (ie, geometrically corresponding) may be provided that engage the sides (ie, the wire portions are connected / coupled).

  The base is clearly distinguishable from the blade, which first has a shape (larger width) that allows the base to (mostly) form a closed region when the sawtooth wire is wound on a roll. It is because it has. In contrast, the shape of the blade is such that an open card gap is formed (when the sawtooth wire is wound on the roll), in other words, the blade is more than the associated base. Always narrower. Second, the blade has teeth (ie, the blade has a serrated outer shape at the end in the height direction), but the base always has an end in the height direction. Most have a flat base. Third, the blade is usually (at least partially) hardened (ie, relatively hard), but the base is not so hard.

  In the case of the sawtooth wire according to the present invention, the absolute value of the gradient dh / db of at least the first part of the side surface of at least one of the blade parts is more than the absolute value of the gradient dh / db of at least the second part of the side surface of the same blade part. Is also big.

  All height values of at least one second part are less than all height values of at least one first part, in other words, at least one second part is at least one first part. Is below. These two parts do not overlap.

  Each of the at least one first portion and the at least one second portion extends between a minimum height value at the bottom of the corresponding portion and a maximum height value at the top of the corresponding portion.

  The arithmetic sign (Vorzeichen) of the gradient dh / db is the same for at least one first part and at least one second part. In other words, the first portion at a higher position (on at least one blade side) is steeper than the portion at a lower position on the same blade side with respect to the base of the sawtooth wire. (That is, the slope of the part is steep). Both sites must be ascending or descending (ie, the slope sign must be the same for both sites). Whether both parts are raised or lowered depends on the two blade side surfaces where they are located.

  According to the invention, the minimum height value of the at least one second part and the minimum height value of the at least one second part further increases further by a factor of 1/8 below the overall height of the blade. The slope dh / db of the part on the same blade side surface having the height value within the range extending between the slope value and the slope dh / db of at least one first part and at least one second part And have the same reference numerals.

  In other words, under the lower end of the second part, there should be no ridges (“kumps”) or depressions (“dents”) that change the sign of the gradient. Any change in the sign of the gradient must be excluded from within a height range whose height range (downward from at least one second part) is 1/8 of the overall height of the blade. Preferably, the range of the height is 1/5 of the total height of the blade portion. Furthermore, a change in slope (bumps or depressions) below the lower end of at least one second region can be excluded over the entire area of each blade side surface. A further useful improvement of the present invention is that any location where the slope dh / db of at least one blade side is above at least one first part (ie above the maximum height value of the first part). But it has the same sign. Alternatively or in addition, the first part is not directly adjacent to the second part, and is between at least one first part and at least one second part (ie, the minimum of at least one first part). And the gradient dh / db of at least one blade side surface in the region between the height value of the first portion and the maximum height value of at least one second part has the same sign everywhere. Yes.

  A ridge / indentation in the flat, rounded transition region between the (relatively steep) blade and base is inappropriate. Thus, the term “blade” always always indicates a relatively steep region of the blade (not a flat transition region).

  Furthermore, the change in the sign of the gradient may be ignored as long as it is caused by extremely small bulges and depressions due to manufacturing errors and manufacturing defects.

  Protrusions (dimples) that are significant in size and are therefore not caused by manufacturing defects or manufacturing errors can cause fiber encroachment (in the case of protuberances) during card processing, or deeper intrusion into the card gap (indentations). Processing), thereby reducing the efficiency of processing.

  If the ridges / dents have small radii or sharp edges, they can substantially damage the fiber. Such damage leads to quality defects in the final product (eg yarn or nonwoven) and must be prevented.

  In the case of the sawtooth wire according to the present invention, at least one first portion at a high position of at least one blade portion has a steep slope (steep slope dh / db), and at least one second portion has a gentle shape. Because of the (gradient slope dh / db), the fibers to be slid enter the card gap more easily than the conventional sawtooth wire (the blade side surface usually has a constant slope). Can do. At the height position of the minimum height value of at least one second part, the card gap is usually already very narrow, especially from the height region of the blade side just below its maximum height. Is also substantially narrow. Thus, ridges / dents that are directly adjacent to, or just underneath, at least one second site are quite often against the fibers being washed (because the fabric gap is narrow). Causes serious damage and often prevents the fibers from biting into the card gap.

  Surprisingly, the ridge / indentation located at a greater height distance (typically at least 1/8 of the overall height of the blade) from the at least one second site is relative to the fibers being squeezed. Has been found to cause negligible damage or no damage. In addition, the fiber no longer needs to penetrate more into the gap of the respective fabric at that position, in other words, even if the ridges / dents prevent further biting of the fiber. There is virtually no effect on card processing.

  The ridges / dents located above the at least one first part and between the at least one first part and the at least one second part do not cause damage to the fiber being slid; Alternatively, only negligible damage is caused, and such ridges / dents do not prevent the fibers from biting into the card gap because the card gap is in a relatively wide height region.

  It is preferable to accurately select a point on the side surface of the blade portion at the upper end of the side surface of the blade portion, that is, the height corresponding to the maximum height of the blade portion as the maximum height of at least one first portion. is there. Alternatively, a point may be selected that is slightly below the upper end (in the height direction), for example, a maximum of 0.2 mm (preferably a maximum of 0.1 mm) below the upper end of the blade side surface. Alternatively, a point in the upper quarter, preferably a point in the upper tenth of each blade side is selected as the maximum height of at least one first part. The minimum height value of the at least one first part is in the range of 50% to 98% above the total height (preferably 60% to 90%) from the minimum height of the blade. .

  The at least one first portion is usually arranged at a point on the blade side surface where the height of the blade side surface (the length in the height direction) is relatively large in the axial direction. With respect to at least one first part, it is preferable to select a position where the tip of the tooth is present as the axial position.

  As for the minimum height value of at least one second part, it is preferable to select a position below the blade (close to the base), for example, a position on the bottom side 1/10 of the blade. However, it is sufficient if the maximum height value of the at least one second part is smaller than the minimum height value of the at least one first part. In a preferred variant, the minimum height value of at least one first part approximates the maximum height value of at least one second part.

  In the axial direction, the position of the at least one second part is selected at the position where the sawtooth wire exists, that is, the position where the sawtooth wire forms a recess (by punching out the teeth).

  It must always be assumed that the sawtooth wire extends in the longitudinal direction. In particular, the sawtooth wire must not have any deformation in the plane defined by the longitudinal direction and the lateral direction, such a deformation being a blade that is flat in the case of an axial straight sawtooth wire. There is a possibility that a part of the side surface is considered to be curved.

  It is preferable that the at least one first portion and the at least one second portion are selected so as to be on a flat portion of at least one blade side surface. At that time, these two parts extend linearly in a plane defined by the height direction and the side direction, in other words, the gradient dh / db is constant in each of the two parts, Corresponding to the secant gradient in the case, these secant lines extend in a plane defined by the height direction and the lateral direction and pass through at least one first part or at least one second part.

  However, at least one blade side is at least one first portion and / or at least disposed at a “suitable” height (a height between suitable height values) on the blade side. It may be curved to eliminate the presence of one second site. What is considered an appropriate height has already been described in the previous section, corresponding to the height position of at least one first part and at least one second part.

In this form, the at least one first part and / or the at least one second part is extremely small (especially in the height direction), in other words, when it relates to a very small part, the gradient is no longer It cannot be determined to be a finite straight line / flat part, and is a point. For those skilled in the art, this situation is known from the introduction to differentiation, where the derivative quotient for the precise manipulation of differentiation (Grenzwertbetrachtung) is the gradient at the point (here the value of the width). Expressed as follows:

  In this case (the width of the very small part), the tangent is a special case of the secant passing through the flat part, and the value of the slope of the secant is the value of the derivative that draws the contour path of the blade, Or, simply expressed, it is the value of the gradient at that point.

  The two parts may be above and below (although not necessary) in the height direction. If one is available for the original shape of the sawtooth wires, i.e. the original shape of the sawtooth wires before generating the underlying teeth (e.g. by a punching machine or a method that produces the same effect), It is easy to select the two parts so that they are arranged one above the other in height. However, the teeth of the sawtooth wire are usually oblique, in other words they are shaped like a sawtooth and are inclined. In determining the tooth inclination angle, it is customary to use the tooth surface inclination (working angle). The working angle is defined as an angle included between the tooth surface and the vertical line. Because of the inclination of the teeth, many sawtooth wires do not have a position where they can all find a uniform cross-section (after the original shape). Therefore, it is not necessary to arrange these parts up and down in the height direction (that is, the two parts are at different points in the axial range of the sawtooth wire).

  The minimum length (in the lateral direction) of these parts is preferably 1/100 mm, but a length of 5/100 mm or 1/10 mm is also convenient.

  The other blade portion side surface (the blade portion side surface opposite to the at least one blade side surface) is substantially completely on a plane defined by the height direction and the axial direction, that is, its gradient dh / db. Is preferably infinite. However, the other blade side surface may have a different shape, for example, may be inclined at a small angle of 3 ° or less as an example with respect to the height direction (that is, its gradient dh / db has a finite value). Alternatively, the other blade part side surface may be mirror-symmetrical with at least one blade part side surface.

  In the case of a commonly used sawtooth wire (or in the case of the original shape of the sawtooth wire), both blade sides (except for the curved transition region) are substantially perfectly flat and one blade side However, it extends in a plane defined by the height direction and the axial direction, and the side surface of the second blade portion extends in the same manner in the axial direction, but inclined with respect to the height direction. With this type of sawtooth wire, the width of the sawtooth wire (extending in the lateral direction) increases linearly over the entire blade.

  According to the advantages of the shape of the blade proposed by the present invention (on the side of at least one blade), the width of the blade increases slowly (or not at all) in the upper region (away from the base). And in the lower region, it increases faster (than the upper region). The transition between a small increase (or no increase) and a large increase in width may be continuous, or in one or more steps, for example some (up to four as an example, preferably (2 to 3) flat portions may be performed in a continuous manner. The technical realization method of each of those modifications will be described in detail later.

  The width of the card gap formed by the sawtooth wire according to the invention mounted on the card roll is slow (or not at all) in the region above the card gap (close to the teeth of the sawtooth wire) as the height decreases. It does not decrease), but it decreases faster and appropriately in the lower area.

  Surprisingly, when the sawtooth wire according to the present invention is used, the loss of card processing quality and efficiency over time (mainly requiring tooth re-polishing) is greater than with conventional wires. It was found to be significantly smaller. Thus, the sawtooth wire of the present invention can optimally homogenize and juxtapose fibers (during fiber mat fabrication) over a long period of use.

  The sawtooth wire usually has an outer surface that sets a surface on the side away from the base of the sawtooth wire (in the height direction), and the outer surface extends in the height direction. The outer surface then defines (often) at least one tooth (usually many teeth) of the sawtooth wire. In other words, the blade side surface has a serrated contour at least in the region above it.

  At the tip of at least one tooth, the outer surface extends substantially in the axial direction (Z) and in the lateral direction (B). In contrast, the outer surface of the tooth sidewall is inclined with respect to the height direction.

  In some embodiments of the present invention, two portions of at least one tooth are typically arranged to be axially misaligned. In this configuration, each of the two sites is guaranteed to be located at a point on the sawtooth wire where the material has not been removed (by punching during tooth manufacture). In this arrangement, the uppermost part is located at or near the tip of at least one tooth, and at the same time, at least one second part is at least around the lower end or lower end of the blade (in the respective tooth region). Allows to be located. Thereby, the total height (or substantially the total height) of the blade portion is encompassed by the two portions.

  Arranging the two parts axially offset is simple as described above, because the sawtooth wire is made from a wire with a shape that is practically followed by the same cross-sectional shape in the longitudinal direction.

  In principle, the at least one first part and the at least one second part may be arranged at one axial position of the sawtooth wire, in which case they are elevated in the height direction as described above. Placed in. This is the case where there is no hollow area (punched) under the tip of the tooth, in other words, a line connecting (at least one) first part and (at least one) second part, This is possible if it extends completely within the sawtooth wire blank.

  In a preferred embodiment, the blade reaches a point of 2%, preferably 5%, most preferably 10% of the total height of the blade from the maximum height of the blade and is above the minimum height of the blade side, At least a part of the side surface is composed of at least two plane portions. In other words, at least one blade side (of the sawtooth wire) has at least two planes that extend linearly in a plane defined by the lateral direction and the height direction. The two surface portions are preferably continuous in the height direction (adjacent to each other) and are angled (not equal to 0 °) in a plane defined by the side direction and the height direction.

  More than two plane portions (straight surface portions), for example, three or four straight surface portions may be continuous with each other in the height direction. Two or three planar portions are preferred. The plane portion farthest from the base (uppermost surface portion) and the second surface portion adjacent to it (on the side closer to the base) are preferably between 5/10 and 9/10 of the total height of the blade portion. Are preferably adjacent to each other at a height in the range between 2/5 and 4/5.

  The invention is particularly advantageous with respect to (excellent) sawtooth wires with a relatively low blade, ie with a (alternatively tooth) height of the blade in the range of 0.3 mm to 1 mm. It is. This type of sawtooth wire is customarily used in the production of short fiber yarns, for example in the production of cotton and / or synthetic fibres.

  For coarser fibers, sawtooth wires with a blade height of up to 3 mm (exceptionally up to 4 mm) are used.

  In the case of a good sawtooth wire, the farthest part away from the base (at least one first part) is always at a height (height) of 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm, preferably 0.2 mm to 0.3 mm. It is advantageous to have a length in the direction). This preferred plateau preferably starts at a maximum distance of 5/100 mm or 1/10 mm down from the tip of the tooth, in other words, the height value above the at least one first part is At most, it is preferably 5/100 mm or 1/10 mm smaller than the maximum (height) value of the blade portion.

  When the above range is selected, the loss of card processing quality and efficiency due to the need to regrind the teeth of the sawtooth wire will be significantly less than with conventional wires.

  Sawtooth wire (when the wire is used on a card roll), in other words, a blade in at least a sufficiently wide area of the sawtooth wire to prevent the gap formed by the sawtooth wire from becoming clogged with fibers The part must be tapered at a sufficient speed in the height direction. Conventional sawtooth wires practically always meet this requirement. However, if a region of the sawtooth wire according to the present invention that increases only slightly or does not increase at all (a small angle of inclination with respect to the height direction) extends over the entire side of the associated blade part, Clogging is expected. With the appropriate choice of the respective height range, the sawtooth wire can also have a (at least a first) blade side that is partly quite steep (related to a slightly conspicuous taper of the blade). Nevertheless, fiber clogging is prevented.

  The at least one first portion (the portion where the sawtooth wire width slightly increases) on the side surface of at least one of the blades is usually perpendicular to the base of the base and an angle smaller than 5 °, preferably 0 ° to 2 ° It has an angle of °. Therefore, since it may be 0 °, the (at least one) first portion on the side surface of the (at least one) blade portion may be parallel to the vertical line descending to the base of the base portion.

  At least one second portion of at least one blade side is usually at an angle greater than 6 °, but preferably greater than 8 °, with a vertical line descending to the base of the base. This angle is typically less than 15 °, preferably less than 12 °.

  In an alternative embodiment, at least one blade portion side surface portion may extend in a curved state on a plane defined by the side direction and the height direction. In particular, the entire side surface of the blade portion may be curved and preferably recessed (as viewed from the outside). Curvature means that there is no crease (Knicke) at the relevant site. A crease is a discrete point or a unique point that occurs in the gradient (of the relevant site).

  Finally, a modification in which at least one blade side surface is formed from a combination of a curved surface portion and a flat surface portion can be considered.

  Even in this embodiment (curved surface), a relatively high card processing efficiency can be maintained over a longer period than is possible when using conventional sawtooth wires. At the same time, it is possible to prevent the card gap formed by the sawtooth wire from being clogged with fibers. Because of this effect (by analogy with embodiments with flats), the maximum height of the blade is between 5/10 and 9/10, preferably between 3/5 and 4/5. A height in the range is selected for the points of the adjacent surface portions where the sawtooth wire width increases rapidly and the sawtooth wire width increases more slowly. If the entire blade side is curved, an appropriate limiting value (for the maximum width increasing per unit height) may be specified to determine this point.

  The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of three embodiments.

It is a perspective view of a sawtooth wire. Fig. 5 shows a cross section of a sawtooth wire having a blade side with two flat portions, and for the sake of clarity, the wire is drawn in the lateral direction. The external shape of the sawtooth wire which has a blade part side surface provided with two plane parts is shown. Fig. 5 shows a cross section of a sawtooth wire having a blade side with four planar portions, and shows the wire stretched laterally for clarity. The external shape of the sawtooth wire which has a blade part side surface provided with four plane parts is shown. The cross section of the sawtooth wire which the side part of the blade part was dented and curved is shown, and the wire is shown by extending in the lateral direction for the sake of clarity. The external shape of the sawtooth wire provided with the recessed blade part side surface is shown. The calculation method of the gradient of the outline in the plane which spreads in the height direction H and the side direction B is shown. The blade part and the example of the selection of the position regarding the 1st site | part and 2nd site | part on a blade part are shown. An alternative shape of the base is shown. The 1st shape for the 2nd blade part side is shown. The 2nd shape for the 2nd blade part side is shown. Fig. 5 shows a further cross section of a sawtooth wire.

  A part of the sawtooth wire shown in FIG. 1 includes a base 1 mainly composed of a base area 2 and two side surfaces 3, a base 1 and a first blade side surface 5 and a second blade side surface 6. And a blade portion 4 having the same. On the side further away from the base 1 (upward), the extent of the blade 4 is defined by an outer surface 7 that undulates along a sawtooth path to form a tooth 8.

  The sawtooth wire extends in the axial direction Z, its height extends in the height direction H, and its width is in the lateral direction B (direction B is orthogonal to both direction Z and direction H).

The height value at the position where the blade portion 4 reaches the highest in the height direction H is shown as the maximum height h _max of the blade portion. The height value at the position where the blade starts (bottom of the blade) is shown as the minimum height h _min . The total length (in the height direction) between the minimum height h _min and the maximum height h _max is the total height H _max of the blade portion.

  The second blade side surface 6 extends in a plane extending in the axial direction Z and the height direction H (excluding manufacturing errors).

  The first blade side surface 5 is composed of a first part 10 located at the upper part of the blade part 4 (further away from the base part 1) and a second part 11 located at the lower part of the blade part (closer to the base part 1). Composed. As already described above, the relatively flat and rounded transition region 9 between the base 1 and the blade 4 is not part of the blade 4. The first portion 10 is substantially parallel to the plane defined by the axial direction Z and the height direction H (thus parallel to the second blade side surface 6), that is, its gradient is infinite. . The first portion 10 may alternatively include a small angle not exceeding 2 ° in the height direction H (ie, assuming dh / db is a finite value), and further excluding manufacturing errors, It may extend parallel to the axial direction Z.

  Further, the second portion 11 is parallel to the axial direction Z (excluding manufacturing errors), but includes a substantially larger angle 8 ° to 12 ° in the height direction H compared to the first portion 10. It is out. In other words, the first part 10 is steeper than the second part 11. Steeply extending usually means that dh / db is large. Therefore, when it extends flatly, dh / db is small.

  Due to the specific shape of the blade 4, the width B of the blade 4 starts from, for example, the tip 12 of one tooth (technically speaking, the tip is a short blade) and the height of the blade 4 is Decreasing (i.e. towards the base), starting from the apex downwards, increases initially very slowly (or does not increase at all). In the transition part 13 where the first part 10 merges with the second part 11, the width of the blade part 4 increases faster (or starts to increase) as the height decreases. The properties of the sawtooth wire, characterized by the width of the blade 4 starting slowly from the top and increasing slowly and increasing faster towards the bottom, are essential to the present invention and, according to its many useful embodiments, Indicated. Of course, it applies only to the region of the sawtooth wire where the raw material is intact, i.e. the material has not been stamped.

A cross-sectional view of the sawtooth wire shown in FIG. 1 is shown in FIG. 2, and its initial shape (corresponding to a toothless sawtooth wire) is shown in FIG. The cutting plane (in the sectional view) extends in the side direction B and the height direction H. In FIG. 2 (similarly in FIGS. 4 and 6), the lateral direction B is shown extended so that the angle and gradient can be recognized (ie, the total width B _{max of the} sawtooth wire compared to the total height H _max). (Shown in a stretch).

  As apparent from FIG. 2, in each cross section, the first portion 10 is delimited by the end points 14 and 15, and the second portion 11 is delimited by the end points 15 and 16. In the cutting plane defined by the lateral direction B and the height direction H, the first dividing line 17 extending along the first portion 10 (that is, passing through the end points 14 and 15 of the first portion 10) has the same cutting plane. , Has a steeper slope than the second secant 18 extending along the second part 11 (through the end points 15 and 16 of the second part).

FIG. 4 shows a cross-sectional view of a sawtooth wire in which the first blade side surface 5 is composed of four plane portions that are continuous with each other in the height direction H (further, FIG. 5 shows a shape related thereto). . The highest (farthest away from the base 1) plane, bounded by the end points 20 (height value h ₁₁ ) and 21 (height value h ₁₂ ) (in this section plane) is here the first Selected as part 10. The second highest planar portion, which is defined by the end points 23 (height value h ₂₁ ) and 24 (height value h ₂₂ ), is selected as the second part 11. A first dividing line 22 extends through the termination points 20, 21, and a second dividing line 25 extends through the termination points 23, 24. Both the dividing lines 22 and 25 extend in a plane defined by the side direction B and the height direction H. Again, the dividing line 22 has a steeper slope than the dividing line 25. In other words, the dividing line 22 forms the dividing line 25 with respect to the vertical line 19 descending to the base area 2 of the base (angle α2). Has a smaller angle α1.

Below the end point 24 having a height value h ₂₂ of at least one second part is a further height value h ₃ . The further height value h ₃ is set about 1/8 below the total height H _max (at a distance in the height direction H) from the lower height value h ₂₂ of the at least one second part. In such an area between two height values, no change in the sign of the slope dh / db is allowed, i.e. no bulges or depressions are allowed in that area.

  FIG. 6 shows a cross-sectional view of a sawtooth wire (further FIG. 7 shows the shape related thereto) in which the first blade side surface 5 has a curved shape with no depression (as viewed from the outside). In FIG. 6 (similarly in FIG. 2 and FIG. 4 described above), the side direction B is shown in an extended manner, so that the angle difference between the vertical line 19 and the tangent lines 27 and 30 can be recognized. . Although not yet mentioned, the termination points 14, 15, 16, 20, 21, 23, 24, 26, 29 in FIGS. 2, 4, 6 are indicated by horizontal lines that intersect the contour of the sawtooth wire 1. Each point is located at the intersection of the horizontal image line and the contour of the sawtooth wire 1.

  The extremely small surface portion 26 in the height direction H (dotted with respect to the selected cut plane) is selected as the first portion 10. Here, the tangent line 27 at the face part / point 26 with respect to the first blade side face 5 is in place of other normal dividing lines extending along the plane part (in a plane defined by the lateral direction and the height direction). It will be. The second portion 11 is similarly formed by a point 29 having a tangent line 30 instead of a dividing line along the plane portion. Again, the slope of the tangent line (as well as each secant) corresponds in each case to the derivative dh / db at each point. As in the above two examples, the tangent line 27 has a steeper slope dh / db than the tangent line 30. In other words, the tangent line 27 is in relation to the vertical line 19 descending to the base area 2 of the base. Thus, the angle α1 is smaller than (angle α2) formed by the tangent line 30.

  FIG. 8 shows the outlines of the two first blade side surfaces 5 on a plane defined by the height direction H and the side direction B. One first blade portion side surface 5 extending in each plane forms a curved portion 31 as a whole, and the other first blade portion side surface 32 is composed of two flat portions 33 and 34. Side direction B is also shown in a stretched form.

In the case of the blade side surface 32 including two plane portions, the first portion 10 extending between the point of coordinates (b ₁₁ , h ₁₁ ) and the point of coordinates (b ₁₂ , h ₁₂ ) is selected as the surface portion 33. The second portion 11 extending between the point of coordinates (b ₂₁ , h ₂₁ ) and the point of coordinates (b ₂₂ , h ₂₂ ) is selected as the surface portion 34. At this time, the slope of the secant passing through the end point of the first part 10 is (h ₁₂ −h ₁₁ ) / (b ₁₂ −b ₁₁ ), and the slope of the secant passing through the end point of the second part 11 is ( h ₂₂ -h ₂₁₎ a _/ (b 22 _{-b 21).}

About the blade part side surface 31 which makes a curved part as a whole, the 1st site | part 10 and the 2nd site | part 11 are selected so that it may become extremely small (namely, at least in the surface currently displayed). The slope of the first part 10 is equal to the derivative dh / db at the point b ₁₁ (or the point b ₁₂ because the two end points of the very small part 10 match), and the slope of the second part 11 is Equal to the derivative dh / db at point b ₂₁ (or b ₂₂ ).

FIG. 9 shows a tooth 8 having a height corresponding to the total height H _max of the blade part 4, that is, the total height of the tooth 8 is equal to the total height H _max (= h _max −h _min ) of the blade part 4. It has become.

  The tooth has a steeply inclined first flat part 35 in the region of the tooth tip 12 and a gentler second flat part 36 below. The two surface portions 35 and 36 are adjacent to each other at the dividing line 37.

A first portion 110a extending between the height values h _'11 and h' _12, may be selected and (extending between the height values _{h 21} and _{h 22)} the second portion 111, they It has the same length z ₁ in the axial direction Z. Alternatively, a first portion 110a extending between the height values _{h 11} and _{h 12,} may be selected and a second portion 111, the two sites 110b, 111 has a length z of different axial Z and a _{1, z 2.}

  As is clear from FIG. 10, the base 1 may have a shape (connecting structure) in which adjacent wire portions are combined. The slope of the base sidewall 38 is not a subject matter of the present application.

  In FIG.11 and FIG.12, the specific example of the 2nd blade part side surface 6 is shown in figure. The second blade side surface 6 shown in FIG. 11 is substantially mirror-symmetric with respect to the first blade side surface 5. FIG. 12 shows the blade side surface 6 slightly inclined with respect to the height direction H. FIG.

  FIG. 13 shows that at least one blade side surface 5 of the sawtooth wire showing the essential features of the present invention may be on the “other” side of the sawtooth wire 1.

1: base, 2: base area of base, 3: side of base, 4: blade, 5: first blade side, 6: second blade side, 7: outer surface of blade, 8: teeth 9: a rounded transition region between the blade and the base, 10: first part, 11: second part, 12: tip of the tooth, 13: transition part between the first and second part, 14: first termination point, 15: second termination point, 16: third termination point, 17: first secant, 18: second secant, 19: vertical line down to the base area of the base, 20: first Terminal point, 21: Second terminal point, 22: First dividing line, 23: Third terminal point, 24: Fourth terminal point, 25: Second dividing line, 26: Very small first surface portion / first point 27: tangent to the first surface portion, 29: very small second surface portion / second point, 30: tangent to the second surface portion, 31: blade portion Curved portion of the surface, 32: contour of the side surface of the blade portion composed of two plane portions, 33: first plane portion, 34: second plane portion, 35: steeply inclined plane portion, 36: flat 37: the dividing line between the steeply inclined plane portion and the gentler plane portion, 38: the side wall of the base portion, 110a: the first portion, 110b: the first portion (alternative), 111: second part, Z: axial direction, B: side direction, H: height direction, B _max : full width of the blade part, b ₁₁ : higher side value of the first part, b ₁₂ : of the first part Lower side value, b ′ ₁₁ : Higher side value of the first part (alternative), b ′ ₁₂ : Lower side value of the first part (alternative), b ₂₁ : Higher side value of the second part side _{value, b 22:} side value of the lower of the second _{site, H max:} height of the blade _{portion, h max:} maximum height of the _{blade, h min:} cutting part minimum height _{of, h 11:} part 1 Higher height values of, h _12: height values of the lower of the first portion, h _'11: the higher the height value of the first portion (alternative), h' _12: the lower of the first portion Height value (alternative), h ₂₁ : higher height value of the second part, h ₂₂ : lower height value of the second part, h ₃ : further height value, z ₁ : first axial length values, z _2: a second axial length value, [alpha] 1: angle between the vertical line descending to the first portion and the base area, [alpha] 2: a vertical line descending to the second portion and the base area , Α3: angle between the first part and the second part

  The present invention relates to a sawtooth wire for a roll of a card machine.

  The carding machine opens fibers (individualized), aligns them, homogenizes them (for non-woven fabric production) and / or juxtapositions of fiber materials such as wool, cotton, synthetic fibers or mixed fibers ( Used for yarn production). Card processing can be utilized to make fiber mats from fiber materials. The fiber mat is a collection of aligned individual fibers that are not bundled. For example, a nonwoven fabric can be made from this type of fiber mat. During card processing, fibers are taken out from a large card roll known as Swift by take-out means and are combined to form a fiber mat.

  The card machine may have various card rolls, each of which has teeth, serrations, or spikes protruding outward in a generally radial direction. The number and / or size and / or density of teeth, serrations or spikes may vary as well as their shape and structure.

  The card roll generally includes an all-steel garment. This includes a sawtooth wire that is wound on a card roll in tension. The sawtooth wire has a base and a blade. The base may have a rectangular or square cross section, for example. In the operating position, the blade portion protrudes away from the base portion at a substantially right angle to the curved surface of the card roll. The blade portion has a sawtooth shape so as to constitute teeth and serrations. The sawtooth wire is tensioned in the longitudinal direction and wound around the curved surface of the card roll, and the two ends are attached to the card roll.

  Sawtooth wires are known per se. For example, Chinese Utility Model No. 201512617 discloses a sawtooth wire having teeth that are inclined obliquely at the blade portion.

In US Pat. No. 5,096,506A, one side of the blade (the side of the blade) is perpendicular to the base area of the base, and the other side of the blade is inclined with respect to the base area of the base. A sawtooth wire is shown. The inclined side surface of the blade portion is inclined more gently on the side away from the base than the remaining portion of the surface. Accordingly, the thickness of the blade portion increases more rapidly than the remaining region of the blade portion on the side away from the base portion.

U.S. Pat. No. 6,185,789 B1 , EP 1408142 A1 and EP 2567010 A1 are sawtooth wires having a blade side with a plurality of convex portions. Is shown. One of the advantages listed for these sawtooth wires is that they are superior to conventional sawtooth wires in that unspun fibers and other foreign matter can be separated from spinnable fibers during card processing. is there.

In the specification of utility model No. 1944251 of West Germany and International Publication No. 2006 / 136480A1, a sawtooth wire having a first upper region whose one blade side surface is steeply inclined is disclosed. A second flat region is adjacent to the first region and is considerably more gradual than the first region. The transition between the first region and the second region is at a much lower height than half the height of the blade side.

  As a practical matter, the problem is that the tip of the tooth is particularly worn out. Since the tip of the tooth is rounded over time, the quality and efficiency of card processing is reduced. Re-polishing the card wire attached to the drum (card roll) is a countermeasure. In this way, the tip of the rounded tooth can be sharpened again.

  However, the latter method can only delay the long-term loss of quality and efficiency, but it cannot stop it.

  For the reasons mentioned, it is an object of the present invention to make a sawtooth wire that can optimally homogenize and juxtapose the fibers over a long period of use during the production of the fiber mat. During card processing, the fibers must remain intact or only slightly damaged.

In order to achieve this object, the present invention proposes a sawtooth wire according to claim 1 and a method for producing a short fiber nonwoven fabric according to claim 15 . A short fiber yarn or a nonwoven fabric can be made from a short fiber nonwoven fabric.

  One of the features of the sawtooth wire according to the present invention is a base that serves to seat the wire on the card roll. The surface of the base that contacts the card roll (when the sawtooth wire is wound on the card roll) is shown as the base area. In principle, the base is the widest part of the wire. When wires are wound on card rolls, the lateral ends of adjacent wire bases are usually in contact with each other.

The base area of the base includes an axial direction Z of the wire (first space direction: defined by the length extension direction of the sawtooth wire) and a side direction B (second spatial direction: perpendicular to the axial direction of the wire). It extends to. The third spatial direction is the height direction H and extends perpendicular to the base area of the base toward the outer surface of the sawtooth wire (ie, away from the base and toward the blade). Measured from the base area, the height value (ie, the value in the height direction) increases towards the maximum blade height. Thus, the (height) position of the point close to the base area is shown as the lower, and the position of the point close to the outer surface (of the sawtooth wire) is shown as the higher.

  The axial direction, height direction, and lateral direction of the wires are perpendicular to each other (in pairs). Thus, these three directions define a Cartesian coordinate system.

The blade portion extending in the height direction is, as a rule, tapered toward the top, in other words, the width of the blade portion gradually decreases with increasing height in many cases. The blade portion is limited in the lateral direction by the first and second blade portion side surfaces. One of the two blade sides has a slope dh (b) / db (hereinafter referred to as “dh / db”) of the height as a function of the width (although not always). Often, that is, the blade side of the subject is parallel to the vertical line going down to the base area of the base. In this case, the other blade side surface ("at least one blade side surface" in the expression of the present application) has a finite gradient dh / db, that is, the angle formed with the above-described vertical line is not 0 °. The taper described above is achieved.

  The height value at the position where the blade portion extends most in the height direction is shown as the maximum height of the blade portion. The height value at the position where the blade begins (at its bottom) is shown as the minimum height. The distance (in the height direction) between the minimum height and the maximum height is the total height of the blade. Therefore, the minimum height and the maximum height are individual height values. The total height is a distance (length) in the height direction.

  The manufacture of sawtooth wire begins with the pulling of the wire (gezogen). Subsequently, the wire is rotated (gewalzt) in the process of forming a rough base region and a less rough blade region in the wire. The cross section of the wire is constant within manufacturing tolerances with respect to the longitudinal direction of the wire. A conventional recess is periodically punched in a portion of the blade region further away from the base region, thereby forming a tooth. And at least the tooth | gear part of a blade area | region is hardened. Therefore, normally, at least the tooth portion of the blade region is harder (harder) than the base region (here soft). Sawtooth wires typically have a length of several hundred meters to several kilometers.

  When the sawtooth wire is wound on the card roll, the base forms a closed region (except for the narrow gap between the sawtooth wires). A gap called a card gap is formed between adjacent blade portions above the base portion (the blade portion is thinner than the base portion). Since the blade portion is tapered toward the top (usually), the card gap adjacent to the blade portion gradually increases toward the top accordingly.

  The base region may have a flat side surface. However, each base region has ridges and / or depressions (contours) on one side, and when the sawtooth wire is wound on the card roll on the other side, Opposite ridges and / or depressions (ie, geometrically corresponding) may be provided that engage the sides (ie, the wire portions are connected / coupled).

The base is clearly distinguishable from the blade, which first has a shape (larger width) that allows the base to (mostly) form a closed region when the sawtooth wire is wound on a roll. It is because it has. In contrast, the shape of the blade is such that an open card gap is formed (when the sawtooth wire is wound on the roll), in other words, the blade is more than the associated base. Always narrower. Second, the blade has teeth (ie, the blade has a serrated outer shape at the end in the height direction), but the base always has an end in the height direction. Most have a flat base area . Third, the blade is usually (at least partially) hardened (ie, relatively hard), but the base is not so hard.

  In the case of the sawtooth wire according to the present invention, the absolute value of the gradient dh / db of at least the first part of the side surface of at least one of the blade parts is more than the absolute value of the gradient dh / db of at least the second part of the side surface of the same blade part. Is also big.

  All height values of at least one second part are less than all height values of at least one first part, in other words, at least one second part is at least one first part. Is below. These two parts do not overlap.

  Each of the at least one first portion and the at least one second portion extends between a minimum height value at the bottom of the corresponding portion and a maximum height value at the top of the corresponding portion.

The arithmetic sign (Vorzeichen) of the gradient dh / db is the same for at least one first part and at least one second part. In other words, the first portion at a higher position (on at least one blade side) is steeper than the portion at the lower position on the same blade side with respect to the base area of the sawtooth wire. (That is, the slope of the part is steep). Both sites must be ascending or descending (ie, the slope sign must be the same for both sites). Whether both parts are raised or lowered depends on the two blade side surfaces where they are located.

  According to the invention, the minimum height value of the at least one second part and the minimum height value of the at least one second part further increases further by a factor of 1/8 below the overall height of the blade. The slope dh / db of the part on the same blade side surface having the height value within the range extending between the slope value and the slope dh / db of at least one first part and at least one second part And have the same reference numerals.

  In other words, under the lower end of the second part, there should be no ridges (“kumps”) or depressions (“dents”) that change the sign of the gradient. Any change in the sign of the gradient must be excluded from within a height range whose height range (downward from at least one second part) is 1/8 of the overall height of the blade. Preferably, the range of the height is 1/5 of the total height of the blade portion. Furthermore, a change in slope (bumps or depressions) below the lower end of at least one second region can be excluded over the entire area of each blade side surface. A further useful improvement of the present invention is that any location where the slope dh / db of at least one blade side is above at least one first part (ie above the maximum height value of the first part). But it has the same sign. Alternatively or in addition, the first part is not directly adjacent to the second part, and is between at least one first part and at least one second part (ie, the minimum of at least one first part). And the gradient dh / db of at least one blade side surface in the region between the height value of the first portion and the maximum height value of at least one second part has the same sign everywhere. Yes.

  A ridge / indentation in the flat, rounded transition region between the (relatively steep) blade and base is inappropriate. Thus, the term “blade” always always indicates a relatively steep region of the blade (not a flat transition region).

  Furthermore, the change in the sign of the gradient may be ignored as long as it is caused by extremely small bulges and depressions due to manufacturing errors and manufacturing defects.

  Protrusions (dimples) that are significant in size and are therefore not caused by manufacturing defects or manufacturing errors can cause fiber encroachment (in the case of protuberances) during card processing, or deeper intrusion into the card gap (indentations). Processing), thereby reducing the efficiency of processing.

  If the ridges / dents have small radii or sharp edges, they can substantially damage the fiber. Such damage leads to quality defects in the final product (eg yarn or nonwoven) and must be prevented.

In the case of the sawtooth wire according to the present invention, at least one first portion at a high position of at least one blade portion has a steep slope (steep slope dh / db), and at least one second portion has a gentle shape. Because of the (gradient slope dh / db), the fibers to be slid enter the card gap more easily than the conventional sawtooth wire (the blade side surface usually has a constant slope). Can do. At the height position of the minimum height value of at least one second part, the card gap is usually already very narrow, especially from the height region of the blade side just below its maximum height. Is also substantially narrow. Thus, ridges / recesses that are directly adjacent to, or just underneath, at least one second site are quite frequent with respect to the fibers being washed (because the card gap is narrow). Damage, and often prevents the fibers from biting into the card gap.

Surprisingly, the ridge / indentation located at a greater height distance (typically at least 1/8 of the overall height of the blade) from the at least one second site is relative to the fibers being squeezed. Has been found to cause negligible damage or no damage. Furthermore, the fiber no longer needs to penetrate more into the respective card gap at that location, in other words, even if the ridges / dents prevent further biting of the fiber. There is no substantial effect on processing.

  The ridges / dents located above the at least one first part and between the at least one first part and the at least one second part do not cause damage to the fiber being slid; Alternatively, only negligible damage is caused, and such ridges / dents do not prevent the fibers from biting into the card gap because the card gap is in a relatively wide height region.

  It is preferable to accurately select a point on the side surface of the blade portion at the upper end of the side surface of the blade portion, that is, the height corresponding to the maximum height of the blade portion as the maximum height of at least one first portion. is there. Alternatively, a point may be selected that is slightly below the upper end (in the height direction), for example, a maximum of 0.2 mm (preferably a maximum of 0.1 mm) below the upper end of the blade side surface. Alternatively, a point in the upper quarter, preferably a point in the upper tenth of each blade side is selected as the maximum height of at least one first part. The minimum height value of the at least one first part is in the range of 50% to 98% above the total height (preferably 60% to 90%) from the minimum height of the blade. .

  The at least one first portion is usually arranged at a point on the blade side surface where the height of the blade side surface (the length in the height direction) is relatively large in the axial direction. With respect to at least one first part, it is preferable to select a position where the tip of the tooth is present as the axial position.

  As for the minimum height value of at least one second part, it is preferable to select a position below the blade (close to the base), for example, a position on the bottom side 1/10 of the blade. However, it is sufficient if the maximum height value of the at least one second part is smaller than the minimum height value of the at least one first part. In a preferred variant, the minimum height value of at least one first part approximates the maximum height value of at least one second part.

  In the axial direction, the position of the at least one second part is selected at the position where the sawtooth wire exists, that is, the position where the sawtooth wire forms a recess (by punching out the teeth).

  It must always be assumed that the sawtooth wire extends in the longitudinal direction. In particular, the sawtooth wire must not have any deformation in the plane defined by the longitudinal direction and the lateral direction, such a deformation being a blade that is flat in the case of an axial straight sawtooth wire. There is a possibility that a part of the side surface is considered to be curved.

  It is preferable that the at least one first portion and the at least one second portion are selected so as to be on a flat portion of at least one blade side surface. At that time, these two parts extend linearly in a plane defined by the height direction and the side direction, in other words, the gradient dh / db is constant in each of the two parts, Corresponding to the secant gradient in the case, these secant lines extend in a plane defined by the height direction and the lateral direction and pass through at least one first part or at least one second part.

  However, at least one blade side is at least one first portion and / or at least disposed at a “suitable” height (a height between suitable height values) on the blade side. It may be curved to eliminate the presence of one second site. What is considered an appropriate height has already been described in the previous section, corresponding to the height position of at least one first part and at least one second part.

In this form, the at least one first part and / or the at least one second part is extremely small (especially in the height direction), in other words, when it relates to a very small part, the gradient is no longer It cannot be determined to be a finite straight line / flat part, and is a point. For those skilled in the art, this situation is known from the introduction to differentiation, where the derivative quotient for the precise manipulation of differentiation (Grenzwertbetrachtung) is the gradient at the point (here the value of the width). Expressed as follows:

  In this case (the width of the very small part), the tangent is a special case of the secant passing through the flat part, and the value of the slope of the secant is the value of the derivative that draws the contour path of the blade, Or, simply expressed, it is the value of the gradient at that point.

The two parts may be above and below (although not necessary) in the height direction. If one is available for the original shape of the sawtooth wires, i.e. the original shape of the sawtooth wires before generating the underlying teeth (e.g. by a punching machine or a method that produces the same effect), It is easy to select the two parts so that they are arranged one above the other with respect to the height. However, the teeth of the sawtooth wire are usually oblique, in other words they are shaped like a sawtooth and are inclined. In determining the tooth inclination angle, it is customary to use the tooth surface inclination (working angle). The working angle is defined as an angle included between the tooth surface and the vertical line. Because of the inclination of the teeth, many sawtooth wires do not have a position where they can all find a uniform cross-section (after the original shape). As such, they need not be placed one above the other with respect to height (ie, the two sites are at different points in the axial extent of the sawtooth wire).

  The minimum length (in the lateral direction) of these parts is preferably 1/100 mm, but a length of 5/100 mm or 1/10 mm is also convenient.

  The other blade portion side surface (the blade portion side surface opposite to the at least one blade side surface) is substantially completely on a plane defined by the height direction and the axial direction, that is, its gradient dh / db. Is preferably infinite. However, the other blade side surface may have a different shape, for example, may be inclined at a small angle of 3 ° or less as an example with respect to the height direction (that is, its gradient dh / db has a finite value). Alternatively, the other blade part side surface may be mirror-symmetrical with at least one blade part side surface.

In the case of a commonly used sawtooth wire (or in the case of the original shape of the sawtooth wire), both blade sides (except for the curved transition region) are substantially perfectly flat and one blade side However, it extends in a plane defined by the height direction and the axial direction, and the second blade side surface extends in an inclined manner with respect to the height direction ( similarly in the axial direction, however ) . With this type of sawtooth wire, the width of the sawtooth wire (extending in the lateral direction) increases linearly over the entire blade.

  According to the advantages of the shape of the blade proposed by the present invention (on the side of at least one blade), the width of the blade increases slowly (or not at all) in the upper region (away from the base). And in the lower region, it increases faster (than the upper region). The transition between a small increase (or no increase) and a large increase in width may be continuous, or in one or more steps, for example some (up to four as an example, preferably (2 to 3) flat portions may be performed in a continuous manner. The technical realization method of each of those modifications will be described in detail later.

  The width of the card gap formed by the sawtooth wire according to the invention mounted on the card roll is slow (or not at all) in the region above the card gap (close to the teeth of the sawtooth wire) as the height decreases. It does not decrease), but it decreases faster and appropriately in the lower area.

  Surprisingly, when the sawtooth wire according to the present invention is used, the loss of card processing quality and efficiency over time (mainly requiring tooth re-polishing) is greater than with conventional wires. It was found to be significantly smaller. Thus, the sawtooth wire of the present invention can optimally homogenize and juxtapose fibers (during fiber mat fabrication) over a long period of use.

  The sawtooth wire usually has an outer surface that sets a surface on the side away from the base of the sawtooth wire (in the height direction), and the outer surface extends in the height direction. The outer surface then defines (often) at least one tooth (usually many teeth) of the sawtooth wire. In other words, the blade side surface has a serrated contour at least in the region above it.

At the tip of at least one tooth, the outer surface extends substantially in the axial direction (Z) and in the lateral direction (B). In contrast, the outer surface of the tooth sidewall is inclined with respect to the height direction.

  In some embodiments of the present invention, two portions of at least one tooth are typically arranged to be axially misaligned. In this configuration, each of the two sites is guaranteed to be located at a point on the sawtooth wire where the material has not been removed (by punching during tooth manufacture). In this arrangement, the uppermost part is located at or near the tip of at least one tooth, and at the same time, at least one second part is at least around the lower end or lower end of the blade (in the respective tooth region). Allows to be located. Thereby, the total height (or substantially the total height) of the blade portion is encompassed by the two portions.

  Arranging the two parts axially offset is simple as described above, because the sawtooth wire is made from a wire with a shape that is practically followed by the same cross-sectional shape in the longitudinal direction.

  In principle, the at least one first part and the at least one second part may be arranged at one axial position of the sawtooth wire, in which case they are elevated in the height direction as described above. Placed in. This is the case where there is no hollow area (punched) under the tip of the tooth, in other words, a line connecting (at least one) first part and (at least one) second part, This is possible if it extends completely within the sawtooth wire blank.

  In a preferred embodiment, the blade reaches a point of 2%, preferably 5%, most preferably 10% of the total height of the blade from the maximum height of the blade and is above the minimum height of the blade side, At least a part of the side surface is composed of at least two plane portions. In other words, at least one blade side (of the sawtooth wire) has at least two planes that extend linearly in a plane defined by the lateral direction and the height direction. The two surface portions are preferably continuous in the height direction (adjacent to each other) and are angled (not equal to 0 °) in a plane defined by the side direction and the height direction.

More than two plane portions (straight surface portions), for example, three or four straight surface portions may be continuous with each other in the height direction. Two or three planar portions are preferred. The plane portion farthest from the base portion (the highest surface portion) and the second surface portion adjacent to it (on the side closer to the base portion) are preferably between 5/10 and 9/10 of the overall height of the blade portion. Are preferably adjacent to each other at a height in the range between 2/5 and 4/5.

  The invention is particularly advantageous with respect to (excellent) sawtooth wires with a relatively low blade, ie with a (alternatively tooth) height of the blade in the range of 0.3 mm to 1 mm. It is. This type of sawtooth wire is customarily used in the production of short fiber yarns, for example in the production of cotton and / or synthetic fibres.

  For coarser fibers, sawtooth wires with a blade height of up to 3 mm (exceptionally up to 4 mm) are used.

  In the case of a good sawtooth wire, the farthest part away from the base (at least one first part) is always at a height (height) of 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm, preferably 0.2 mm to 0.3 mm. It is advantageous to have a length in the direction). This preferred plateau preferably starts at a maximum distance of 5/100 mm or 1/10 mm down from the tip of the tooth, in other words, the height value above the at least one first part is At most, it is preferably 5/100 mm or 1/10 mm smaller than the maximum (height) value of the blade portion.

  When the above range is selected, the loss of card processing quality and efficiency due to the need to regrind the teeth of the sawtooth wire will be significantly less than with conventional wires.

  Sawtooth wire (when the wire is used on a card roll), in other words, a blade in at least a sufficiently wide area of the sawtooth wire to prevent the gap formed by the sawtooth wire from becoming clogged with fibers The part must be tapered at a sufficient speed in the height direction. Conventional sawtooth wires practically always meet this requirement. However, if a region of the sawtooth wire according to the present invention that increases only slightly or does not increase at all (a small angle of inclination with respect to the height direction) extends over the entire side of the associated blade part, Clogging is expected. With the appropriate choice of the respective height range, the sawtooth wire can also have a (at least a first) blade side that is partly quite steep (related to a slightly conspicuous taper of the blade). Nevertheless, fiber clogging is prevented.

The at least one first part (the part where the sawtooth wire width slightly increases) on the side surface of at least one of the blades is usually perpendicular to the base area of the base and an angle less than 5 °, preferably from 0 ° The angle is 2 °. Accordingly, since it may be 0 °, the (at least one) first portion on the side surface of the (at least one) blade portion may be parallel to the vertical line descending to the base area of the base portion.

At least one second portion of at least one blade side is usually at an angle greater than 6 °, but preferably greater than 8 °, with a vertical line down to the base area of the base. This angle is typically less than 15 °, preferably less than 12 °.

  In an alternative embodiment, at least one blade portion side surface portion may extend in a curved state on a plane defined by the side direction and the height direction. In particular, the entire side surface of the blade portion may be curved and preferably recessed (as viewed from the outside). Curvature means that there is no crease (Knicke) at the relevant site. A crease is a discrete point or a unique point that occurs in the gradient (of the relevant site).

  Finally, a modification in which at least one blade side surface is formed from a combination of a curved surface portion and a flat surface portion can be considered.

  Even in this embodiment (curved surface), a relatively high card processing efficiency can be maintained over a longer period than is possible when using conventional sawtooth wires. At the same time, it is possible to prevent the card gap formed by the sawtooth wire from being clogged with fibers. Because of this effect (by analogy with embodiments with flats), the maximum height of the blade is between 5/10 and 9/10, preferably between 3/5 and 4/5. A height in the range is selected for the points of the adjacent surface portions where the sawtooth wire width increases rapidly and the sawtooth wire width increases more slowly. If the entire blade side is curved, an appropriate limiting value (for the maximum width increasing per unit height) may be specified to determine this point.

  The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of three embodiments.

It is a perspective view of a sawtooth wire. Fig. 5 shows a cross section of a sawtooth wire having a blade side with two flat portions, and for the sake of clarity, the wire is drawn in the lateral direction. The external shape of the sawtooth wire which has a blade part side surface provided with two plane parts is shown. Fig. 5 shows a cross section of a sawtooth wire having a blade side with four planar portions, and shows the wire stretched laterally for clarity. The external shape of the sawtooth wire which has a blade part side surface provided with four plane parts is shown. The cross section of the sawtooth wire which the side part of the blade part was dented and curved is shown, and the wire is shown by extending in the lateral direction for the sake of clarity. The external shape of the sawtooth wire provided with the recessed blade part side surface is shown. The calculation method of the gradient of the outline in the plane which spreads in the height direction H and the side direction B is shown. The blade part and the example of the selection of the position regarding the 1st site | part and 2nd site | part on a blade part are shown. An alternative shape of the base is shown. The 1st shape for the 2nd blade part side is shown. The 2nd shape for the 2nd blade part side is shown. Fig. 5 shows a further cross section of a sawtooth wire.

  A part of the sawtooth wire shown in FIG. 1 includes a base 1 mainly composed of a base area 2 and two side surfaces 3, a base 1 and a first blade side surface 5 and a second blade side surface 6. And a blade portion 4 having the same. On the side further away from the base 1 (upward), the extent of the blade 4 is defined by an outer surface 7 that undulates along a sawtooth path to form a tooth 8.

  The sawtooth wire extends in the axial direction Z, its height extends in the height direction H, and its width is in the lateral direction B (direction B is orthogonal to both direction Z and direction H).

The height value at the position where the blade portion 4 reaches the highest in the height direction H is shown as the maximum height h _max of the blade portion. The height value at the position where the blade starts (bottom of the blade) is shown as the minimum height h _min . The total length (in the height direction) between the minimum height h _min and the maximum height h _max is the total height H _max of the blade portion.

  The second blade side surface 6 extends in a plane extending in the axial direction Z and the height direction H (excluding manufacturing errors).

  The first blade side surface 5 is composed of a first part 10 located at the upper part of the blade part 4 (further away from the base part 1) and a second part 11 located at the lower part of the blade part (closer to the base part 1). Composed. As already described above, the relatively flat and rounded transition region 9 between the base 1 and the blade 4 is not part of the blade 4. The first portion 10 is substantially parallel to the plane defined by the axial direction Z and the height direction H (thus parallel to the second blade side surface 6), that is, its gradient is infinite. . The first portion 10 may alternatively include a small angle not exceeding 2 ° in the height direction H (ie, assuming dh / db is a finite value), and further excluding manufacturing errors, It may extend parallel to the axial direction Z.

  Further, the second portion 11 is parallel to the axial direction Z (excluding manufacturing errors), but includes a substantially larger angle 8 ° to 12 ° in the height direction H compared to the first portion 10. It is out. In other words, the first part 10 is steeper than the second part 11. Steeply extending usually means that dh / db is large. Therefore, when it extends flatly, dh / db is small.

  Due to the specific shape of the blade 4, the width B of the blade 4 starts from, for example, the tip 12 of one tooth (technically speaking, the tip is a short blade) and the height of the blade 4 is Decreasing (i.e. towards the base), starting from the apex downwards, increases initially very slowly (or does not increase at all). In the transition part 13 where the first part 10 merges with the second part 11, the width of the blade part 4 increases faster (or starts to increase) as the height decreases. The properties of the sawtooth wire, characterized by the width of the blade 4 starting slowly from the top and increasing slowly and increasing faster towards the bottom, are essential to the present invention and, according to its many useful embodiments, Indicated. Of course, it applies only to the region of the sawtooth wire where the raw material is intact, i.e. the material has not been stamped.

A cross-sectional view of the sawtooth wire shown in FIG. 1 is shown in FIG. 2, and its initial shape (corresponding to a toothless sawtooth wire) is shown in FIG. The cutting plane (in the sectional view) extends in the side direction B and the height direction H. In FIG. 2 (similarly in FIGS. 4 and 6), the lateral direction B is shown extended so that the angle and gradient can be recognized (ie, the total width B _{max of the} sawtooth wire compared to the total height H _max). (Shown in a stretch).

  As apparent from FIG. 2, in each cross section, the first portion 10 is delimited by the end points 14 and 15, and the second portion 11 is delimited by the end points 15 and 16. In the cutting plane defined by the lateral direction B and the height direction H, the first dividing line 17 extending along the first portion 10 (that is, passing through the end points 14 and 15 of the first portion 10) has the same cutting plane. , Has a steeper slope than the second secant 18 extending along the second part 11 (through the end points 15 and 16 of the second part).

FIG. 4 shows a cross-sectional view of a sawtooth wire in which the first blade side surface 5 is composed of four plane portions that are continuous with each other in the height direction H (further, FIG. 5 shows a shape related thereto). . The highest (farthest away from the base 1) plane, bounded by the end points 20 (height value h ₁₁ ) and 21 (height value h ₁₂ ) (in this section plane) is here the first Selected as part 10. The second highest planar portion, which is defined by the end points 23 (height value h ₂₁ ) and 24 (height value h ₂₂ ), is selected as the second part 11. A first dividing line 22 extends through the termination points 20, 21, and a second dividing line 25 extends through the termination points 23, 24. Both the dividing lines 22 and 25 extend in a plane defined by the side direction B and the height direction H. Again, the dividing line 22 has a steeper slope than the dividing line 25. In other words, the dividing line 22 forms the dividing line 25 with respect to the vertical line 19 descending to the base area 2 of the base (angle α2). Has a smaller angle α1.

Below the end point 24 having a height value h ₂₂ of at least one second part is a further height value h ₃ . The further height value h ₃ is set about 1/8 below the total height H _max (at a distance in the height direction H) from the lower height value h ₂₂ of the at least one second part. In such an area between two height values, no change in the sign of the slope dh / db is allowed, i.e. no bulges or depressions are allowed in that area.

  FIG. 6 shows a cross-sectional view of a sawtooth wire (further FIG. 7 shows the shape related thereto) in which the first blade side surface 5 has a curved shape with no depression (as viewed from the outside). In FIG. 6 (similarly in FIG. 2 and FIG. 4 described above), the side direction B is shown in an extended manner, so that the angle difference between the vertical line 19 and the tangent lines 27 and 30 can be recognized. . Although not yet mentioned, the termination points 14, 15, 16, 20, 21, 23, 24, 26, 29 in FIGS. 2, 4, 6 are indicated by horizontal lines that intersect the contour of the sawtooth wire 1. Each point is located at the intersection of the horizontal image line and the contour of the sawtooth wire 1.

  The extremely small surface portion 26 in the height direction H (dotted with respect to the selected cut plane) is selected as the first portion 10. Here, the tangent line 27 at the face part / point 26 with respect to the first blade side face 5 is in place of other normal dividing lines extending along the plane part (in a plane defined by the lateral direction and the height direction). It will be. The second portion 11 is similarly formed by a point 29 having a tangent line 30 instead of a dividing line along the plane portion. Again, the slope of the tangent line (as well as each secant) corresponds in each case to the derivative dh / db at each point. As in the above two examples, the tangent line 27 has a steeper slope dh / db than the tangent line 30. In other words, the tangent line 27 is in relation to the vertical line 19 descending to the base area 2 of the base. Thus, the angle α1 is smaller than (angle α2) formed by the tangent line 30.

  FIG. 8 shows the outlines of the two first blade side surfaces 5 on a plane defined by the height direction H and the side direction B. One first blade portion side surface 5 extending in each plane forms a curved portion 31 as a whole, and the other first blade portion side surface 32 is composed of two flat portions 33 and 34. Side direction B is also shown in a stretched form.

In the case of the blade side surface 32 including two plane portions, the first portion 10 extending between the point of coordinates (b ₁₁ , h ₁₁ ) and the point of coordinates (b ₁₂ , h ₁₂ ) is selected as the surface portion 33. The second portion 11 extending between the point of coordinates (b ₂₁ , h ₂₁ ) and the point of coordinates (b ₂₂ , h ₂₂ ) is selected as the surface portion 34. At this time, the slope of the secant passing through the end point of the first part 10 is (h ₁₂ −h ₁₁ ) / (b ₁₂ −b ₁₁ ), and the slope of the secant passing through the end point of the second part 11 is ( h ₂₂ -h ₂₁₎ a _/ (b 22 _{-b 21).}

About the blade part side surface 31 which makes a curved part as a whole, the 1st site | part 10 and the 2nd site | part 11 are selected so that it may become extremely small (namely, at least in the surface currently displayed). The slope of the first part 10 is equal to the derivative dh / db at the point b ₁₁ (or the point b ₁₂ because the two end points of the very small part 10 match), and the slope of the second part 11 is Equal to the derivative dh / db at point b ₂₁ (or b ₂₂ ).

FIG. 9 shows a tooth 8 having a height corresponding to the total height H _max of the blade part 4, that is, the total height of the tooth 8 is equal to the total height H _max (= h _max −h _min ) of the blade part 4. It has become.

  The tooth has a steeply inclined first flat part 35 in the region of the tooth tip 12 and a gentler second flat part 36 below. The two surface portions 35 and 36 are adjacent to each other at the dividing line 37.

A first part 110 b extending between height values h ′ ₁₁ and h ′ ₁₂ and a second part 111 (extending between height values h ₂₁ and h ₂₂ ) may be selected, Have the same length z ₁ in the axial direction Z. Alternatively, a first portion 110a extending between the height values _{h 11} and _{h 12,} may be selected and a second portion 111, the two sites 110 a, 111 are of different lengths in the axial direction Z z ₁ and z ₂ are included.

  As is clear from FIG. 10, the base 1 may have a shape (connecting structure) in which adjacent wire portions are combined. The slope of the base sidewall 38 is not a subject matter of the present application.

  In FIG.11 and FIG.12, the specific example of the 2nd blade part side surface 6 is shown in figure. The second blade side surface 6 shown in FIG. 11 is substantially mirror-symmetric with respect to the first blade side surface 5. FIG. 12 shows the blade side surface 6 slightly inclined with respect to the height direction H. FIG.

  FIG. 13 shows that at least one blade side surface 5 of the sawtooth wire showing the essential features of the present invention may be on the “other” side of the sawtooth wire 1.

1: base, 2: base area of base, 3: side of base, 4: blade, 5: first blade side, 6: second blade side, 7: outer surface of blade, 8: teeth 9: a rounded transition region between the blade and the base, 10: first part, 11: second part, 12: tip of the tooth, 13: transition part between the first and second part, 14: first termination point, 15: second termination point, 16: third termination point, 17: first secant, 18: second secant, 19: vertical line down to the base area of the base, 20: first Terminal point, 21: Second terminal point, 22: First dividing line, 23: Third terminal point, 24: Fourth terminal point, 25: Second dividing line, 26: Very small first surface portion / first point 27: tangent to the first surface portion, 29: very small second surface portion / second point, 30: tangent to the second surface portion, 31: blade portion Curved portion of the surface, 32: contour of the side surface of the blade portion composed of two plane portions, 33: first plane portion, 34: second plane portion, 35: steeply inclined plane portion, 36: flat 37: the dividing line between the steeply inclined plane portion and the gentler plane portion, 38: the side wall of the base portion, 110a: the first portion, 110b: the first portion (alternative), 111: second part, Z: axial direction, B: side direction, H: height direction, B _max : full width of the blade part, b ₁₁ : higher side value of the first part, b ₁₂ : of the first part Lower side value, b ′ ₁₁ : Higher side value of the first part (alternative), b ′ ₁₂ : Lower side value of the first part (alternative), b ₂₁ : Higher side value of the second part side _{value, b 22:} side value of the lower of the second _{site, H max:} height of the blade _{portion, h max:} maximum height of the _{blade, h min:} cutting part minimum height _{of, h 11:} part 1 Higher height values of, h _12: height values of the lower of the first portion, h _'11: the higher the height value of the first portion (alternative), h' _12: the lower of the first portion Height value (alternative), h ₂₁ : higher height value of the second part, h ₂₂ : lower height value of the second part, h ₃ : further height value, z ₁ : first axial length values, z _2: a second axial length value, [alpha] 1: angle between the vertical line descending to the first portion and the base area, [alpha] 2: a vertical line descending to the second portion and the base area , Α3: angle between the first part and the second part

Claims (18)

A sawtooth wire for mounting on a card roll of a card machine,
a) comprising a base (1) with a base area (2) supported on a fabric roller, the base area (2) being in the axial direction (Z) and side direction (B) of the sawtooth wire; Extending to
b) further includes a blade portion (4) extending in a height direction (H) perpendicular to the base area (2), and the height value measured from the base area (2) is separated from the base portion (1). In the direction toward the blade part (4), and increases up to the maximum height (h _max ) of the blade part (4),
c) The blade portion (4) is limited in the lateral direction (B) by the first blade portion side surface (5) and the second blade portion side surface (6),
d) the absolute value of the gradient dh / db of height (h) as a function of width (b) of at least one first part (10) of at least one blade side (5, 6) The height value of the at least one second part is larger than the absolute value of the gradient dh / db of the at least one second part (11) of the same blade part side face (5, 6) as the one blade part side face. Is smaller than the height value of the at least one first part (10), and the gradient dh / db between the at least one first part (10) and the at least one second part (11) is The signs are the same,
e) The minimum height value of at least one second portion (11) and _{(h 22),} the minimum height value of the at least one second portion (11) from _{(h 22),} wherein a maximum The height value lies within a range extending between a further height value (h ₃ ) at a position 1/8 below the overall height (H _max ) of the blade (4), The slope dh / db of the part on the same blade part side surface (5, 6) as the blade part side surface is equal to the slope dh / db of the at least one first part (10) and the at least one second part (11). A sawtooth wire having the same reference sign. Said at least one second portion minimum height value (11) and _{(h 22),} wherein the minimum height value of at least one second portion (11) from _{(h 22),} up to the cutting unit Same as the side surface of the at least one blade part, the height value is in a range extending between the height (h ₃ ) and 1/5 lower than the total height (H _max ). The slope dh / db of the part on the blade side surface (5, 6) has the same sign as the slope dh / db of the at least one first part (10) and the at least one second part (11). The sawtooth wire according to claim 1, wherein the sawtooth wire is formed. A portion on the same blade side surface (5, 6) as the at least one blade side surface having a height value smaller than the minimum height value (h ₂₂ ) of the at least one second portion (11). The gradient dh / db has the same sign as the gradient dh / db of the at least one first part (10) and the at least one second part (11). The sawtooth wire according to 2. The minimum height value (h ₁₂ ) of the at least one first part (10) is 50% to 98% above the total height (H _max ) from the minimum height (h _min ) of the blade (4). The sawtooth wire according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the sawtooth wire is disposed in an upper region. The minimum height value (h ₁₂ ) of the at least one first part (10) approximates the maximum height value (h ₂₁ ) of the at least one second part (11). The sawtooth wire according to any one of claims 1 to 4. a) further comprising an outer surface (7) for restricting a side of the sawtooth wire away from the base (1) in the height direction (H);
b) the outer surface extends in the height direction (H), defining at least one tooth (8) of the sawtooth wire,
c) The at least one tooth (8) comprises the at least one first part (10) and the at least one second part (11). The sawtooth wire according to claim 1.   The at least one first part (10) and the at least one second part (11) are arranged at one point (z) in the axial direction (Z) of the sawtooth wire. The sawtooth wire according to any one of 1 to 6.   A surface portion of the at least one blade side surface (5, 6) extends in a curved state on a plane defined by the side direction (B) and the height direction (H). The sawtooth wire according to any one of claims 1 to 7. The first surface portion (33) and the second surface portion (34) of the at least one blade side surface (5, 6) are defined by the side direction (B) and the height direction (H). In a plane, it extends in a straight line,
The first surface portion (33) and the second surface portion (34) are continuous with each other in the height direction (H),
The first surface portion (33) and the second surface portion (34) form an angle (α3) in a plane defined by the side direction (B) and the height direction (H). The sawtooth wire according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that   Sawtooth wire according to claim 9, characterized in that a maximum of four, preferably three or two straight surface portions are continuous with one another in the height direction (H). The highest linear surface portion (33) and the surface portion (34) adjacent to the surface portion (33) are 5/10 of the total height (H _max ) from the minimum height (h _min ) of the blade portion (4). The sawtooth wire according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the sawtooth wires are adjacent to each other in a height region located between the upper side and the upper side of 9/10.   The at least one first portion (10) of the at least one blade side surface (5, 6) has an angle smaller than 5 ° with the vertical line (19) descending to the base area (2) of the base portion. The sawtooth wire according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the sawtooth wire is formed.   The at least one first portion (10) of the at least one blade side surface (5, 6) extends in parallel with a vertical line (19) descending to the base area of the base. The sawtooth wire according to any one of claims 1 to 12.   The at least one first portion (10) of the first blade side surface (5) extends in parallel with a portion of the second blade side surface (6) located at the same height. The sawtooth wire according to claim 13.   The at least one second portion (11) of the at least one blade side surface (5, 6) and the vertical line (19) descending to the base area of the base are greater than 6 °, preferably 8 ° The sawtooth wire according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that it has a larger angle (α2). A method for producing a nonwoven fabric, comprising:
16. A method of treating cotton and / or synthetic fibers using the sawtooth wire of any one of claims 1-15. 17. A method according to claim 16, characterized in that a sawtooth wire having an overall height (H _max ) of less than 4.0 mm, preferably less than 2.5 mm is used. The uppermost linear surface portion (33) and the second surface portion (34) adjacent to the surface portion (33) are 5/100 mm downward from the maximum height (h _max ) in the height direction (H). 18. A method according to claim 17, wherein sawtooth wires are used adjacent to each other in a height region located between 1 and 2/10 mm below.

Images