JP2017502442A - 疑わしいオブジェクトにおけるエクスプロイトを自動的に実証し、当該実証済みエクスプロイトに関連付けられた表示情報を強調するシステム、装置、および方法 - Google Patents
疑わしいオブジェクトにおけるエクスプロイトを自動的に実証し、当該実証済みエクスプロイトに関連付けられた表示情報を強調するシステム、装置、および方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
以降の説明においては、発明の特徴を記述するために特定の用語が使用される。例えば、特定の状況下において、「ロジック」と「エンジン」の両用語は、少なくとも一つの機能を実行するように構成されたハードウェア、ファームウェア、ソフトウェアの少なくとも一つを表す。ハードウェアの場合、ロジック(あるいはエンジン)は、データを処理あるいは記憶する機能を有する回路を含みうる。そのような回路の例としては、マイクロプロセッサ、少なくとも一つのプロセッサコア、プログラマブルゲートアレイ、マイクロコントローラ、特定用途向け集積回路、無線受信回路、無線送信回路、無線送受信回路、半導体メモリ、組合せロジックが挙げられるが、これらに限定あるいは制限されない。
A.通信フロー
図1Aは、電子デバイス100内の脅威検出および防止の動作フローを示すブロック図の一例である。監視対象のネットワークトラフィックと関連付けられた到来オブジェクト110の少なくとも一部は、IPSロジック120により受け付けられる。IPSロジック120は、例えば図2Aと図2Bに示される静的分析エンジンの一部である。IPSロジック120は、捕捉フィルタ装置として構成されている。捕捉フィルタ装置は、到来オブジェクト110を受け付け、少なくともエクスプロイトシグネチャと脆弱性シグネチャの少なくとも一方を用いて抽出する。抽出されたオブジェクトは、より詳細な分析に供される。エクスプロイトシグネチャと脆弱性シグネチャの少なくとも一方は、周期的に、あるいは非周期的に更新されうる。
図2Aは、通信システム200のブロック図の一例を示している。通信システム200は、複数の脅威検出および防止(TDP)システム2101〜210N(Nは1よりも大きく、例えば3である)を備えている。TDPシステム2101〜210Nは、ネットワーク225を通じて管理システム220と通信可能に結合されている。例えば、管理システム220は、TDPシステム2101〜210Nの少なくとも一部においてIPSロジックに使用される少なくとも一つのエクスプロイトシグネチャと脆弱性シグネチャの少なくとも一方を更新する責任を負う。これらのシグネチャの各々は、過去に検出されたエクスプロイトや未知のソフトウェア脆弱性を表しうる。このような共有は、自動的になされてもよいし、管理者によって手動でアップロードされてもよい。また、このような共有は、TDPシステム2101〜2103の間で自由に行なわれてもよいし、サブスクリプションに基づいて行なわれてもよい。
図2Bに示されるように、第一TDPシステム2101は、通信ネットワーク230とともにクライアントデバイス234にも結合されうる。図2Aの実施形態とは異なり、第一TDP2101は、インターフェースユニット295を備えている。インターフェースユニット295は、通信ネットワーク230上の信号を静的分析エンジン250または分類ロジック285へ送る。動的分析エンジン270は、クラウドコンピューティングサービス240に配置される。よって、ネットワークトラフィックから静的分析のために取得されるオブジェクトは、通信経路296を介して静的分析エンジン250へ転送される。容疑オブジェクトは、経路297を介してクラウドコンピューティングサービス240内の動的分析エンジン270へ転送されうる。同様に、少なくとも「疑わしい」と判断されなかったオブジェクトは、経路297を介して返送され、続いてクライアントデバイス234へ転送されうる。動的分析エンジン270の結果(エクスプロイト情報など)は、優先付けとタグ付けのために経路298を介して転送されうる。当該優先付けとタグ付けは、続いて表示ロジック290に使用されるためのデータベース255への保存前に行なわれる。
図3には、図2Aと図2Bに示されたTDPシステム2101と関連付けられたロジックのブロック図の例が示されている。TDPシステム2101は、少なくとも一つのプロセッサ300を備えている。プロセッサ300は、第一送信媒体320を介して通信インターフェースロジック310と結合されている。通信インターフェースロジック310は、図2Aと図2Bにおける他のTDPシステム2101〜2103および管理システム220との通信を可能にする。本開示における一実施形態においては、通信インターフェースロジック310は、少なくとも一つの有線コネクタ用ポートを含む物理インターフェースによって実現されうる。
図4には、脅威検出および防止プロセスを例示するフローチャートの例が示されている。当該プロセスは、IPSロジックにより検出され、仮想実行環境によって実証された容疑オブジェクトに関連付けられた強調するレポートを生成する。オブジェクトを受け付けると、TDPシステムは、当該オブジェクトに対して第一静的分析動作を行なう(ブロック400)。第一静的分析動作は、IPSロジックによるエクスプロイトシグネチャチェックと脆弱性シグネチャチェックの少なくとも一方を含みうる。これにより、分析対象のオブジェクトの特性がエクスプロイトであることを示しているかが判断される。容疑オブジェクトが少なくとも一つの容疑エクスプロイトの特性を有しうると判断されると、当該オブジェクトは、仮想マシンベースの分析のためにタグ付けされ、容疑オブジェクトと容疑エクスプロイトの少なくとも一方に関連付けられた情報(IPSベースの結果)が、以降のアクセスのために保存される(ブロック405と410)。
図5Aには、第一ユーザインターフェース表示画面500の実施形態例が示されている。第一ユーザインターフェース表示画面500は、図2Aと図2Bの表示ロジックにより作成され、インタラクティブなダッシュボードを提供する。表示ロジックによりレンダリングされた表示画面500は、複数の表示領域510、530を備えている。複数の表示領域510、530は、所定期間内にTDPシステムによって発見されなかったエクスプロイトに係る情報を表示する。複数の強調技術が表示画面500、545に示されている。特定の表示に対し、少なくとも一つの強調技術が用いられうる。
本開示における別実施形態においては、静的分析エンジンは、第一静的分析ロジック(IPSロジックなど)と第二静的分析ロジック(ヒューリスティックエンジンなど)を伴なうように構成されうる。第二静的分析ロジックは、IPSロジックとは独立して動作し、到来オブジェクトのいずれかの特性がエクスプロイトであることを示しているかを判断するように構成される。後述するように、第一静的分析ロジックと第二静的分析ロジックは、並列的にあるいは連携して動作しうる。
図6Aには、電子デバイス600内の脅威検出および防止の動作フローのブロック図の例が示されている。監視されたネットワークトラフィックに関連付けられた到来オブジェクト110の少なくとも一部は、上述した第一静的分析ロジック(図1AのIPSロジック120など)により受け付けられうる。IPSロジック120は、到来オブジェクト110の少なくとも一部に対してエクスプロイトシグネチャチェックと脆弱性シグネチャチェックの少なくとも一方を行なうように構成される。
図7Aには、複数の脅威検知および防止(TDP)システム7101〜710N(N>1、例えばN=3)を使用している通信システム700のブロック図の例が示されている。TDPシステム7101は、静的分析エンジン750が二つの異なる静的分析ロジックを含んでいる以外は、図2AのTDPシステム2101と同一である。より具体的には、図7Aと図7Bに示されるように、静的分析エンジン750は、少なくとも一つのソフトウェアモジュールを含みうる。当該ソフトウェアモジュールは、少なくとも一つのプロセッサにより実行されると、特定のオブジェクトに対してマルチレベルの静的スキャン(すなわち、IPSロジック120によるエクスプロイトおよび脆弱性のシグネチャチェックとヒューリスティックロジック620によるヒューリスティックチェック)を行なう。
図8Aと図8Bには、静的分析にIPSロジックとヒューリスティックロジックの少なくとも一方を利用する脅威検出および防止処理を例示するフローチャートの例が示されている。当該プロセスは、IPSロジックまたはヒューリスティックロジックにより検出され、仮想実行環境により実証された容疑オブジェクトに関連付けられた情報を強調するレポートを生成する。なお、IPSロジックとヒューリスティックロジックは、並列動作してもよいし、連係動作してもよい。
Claims (15)
- 複数の第一オブジェクトを受け付け、当該複数の第一オブジェクトを分析することにより、当該複数の第一オブジェクトの部分集合であり、当該複数の第一オブジェクトの数以下である複数の第二オブジェクトを容疑エクスプロイトとして特定するように構成された侵入防止システム(IPS)ロジックと、
前記複数の第二オブジェクトの各々に含まれるコンテンツを仮想的に処理し、仮想処理中におけるエクスプロイトを示す異常挙動を監視することにより、当該複数の第二オブジェクトの第一部分集合に含まれる各オブジェクトを実証済みオブジェクトとして分類するように構成された少なくとも一つの仮想マシンを含む仮想実行ロジックと、
前記仮想実行ロジックによって実証済みエクスプロイトとして分類された前記複数の第二オブジェクトの第一部分集合に関連付けられたエクスプロイト情報の視覚表現を、前記仮想実行ロジックによって実証済みエクスプロイトとして分類されなかった前記複数の第二オブジェクトの第二部分集合に関連付けられたエクスプロイト情報よりも優先するように構成された報告ロジックと、
を備えている、
脅威検出システム。 - 前記報告ロジックは、表示生成ロジックを備えており、
前記表示生成ロジックは、前記仮想実行ロジックによって実証済みエクスプロイトとして分類されなかった前記複数の第二オブジェクトの第二部分集合を含む非実証済みエクスプロイトに関連付けられたエクスプロイト情報の表示とは異なるように、前記実証済みエクスプロイトに関連付けられた前記エクスプロイト情報の表示を生成する、
請求項1に記載の脅威検出システム。 - 前記IPSロジックは、前記複数の第二オブジェクトを容疑エクスプロイトとして特定するために、(1)エクスプロイトシグネチャチェックと(2)脆弱性シグネチャチェックのいずれかとして動作するシグネチャチェックを行なうことにより、前記複数の第一オブジェクトを分析し、
前記エクスプロイトシグネチャチェックは、前記複数の第一オブジェクトの各々を少なくとも一つのエクスプロイトシグネチャと比較し、前記複数の第二オブジェクトの各々は、当該少なくとも一つのエクスプロイトシグネチャのいずれかと合致すると容疑エクスプロイトとして特定され、
前記脆弱性シグネチャチェックは、前記複数の第一オブジェクトの各々を少なくとも一つの脆弱性シグネチャと比較し、前記複数の第二オブジェクトの各々は、当該少なくとも一つの脆弱性シグネチャのいずれかと合致すると、一連の通信が当該脆弱性シグネチャによって保護されるソフトウェア脆弱性を攻撃しようとしていることを示すと特徴づける容疑エクスプロイトとして特定され、
請求項1または2に記載の脅威検出システム。 - 前記エクスプロイト情報は、(1)エクスプロイトの名前、(2)当該エクスプロイトの検出に使用されるシグネチャパターン、(3)当該エクスプロイトを供給したソースデバイスのアドレス情報、(4)脅威スコアに少なくとも部分的に対応する当該エクスプロイトの深刻度、(5)エクスプロイト分析処理が行なわれた時間、および(6)当該エクスプロイトに対して脆弱性を有すると検出されたソフトウェアの名前またはバージョン番号、のうち少なくとも三つを含んでいる、
請求項2に記載の脅威検出システム。 - 前記表示生成ロジックは、前記実証済みエクスプロイトに関連付けられたエクスプロイト情報に特定の表示場所を与えることにより、前記実証済みエクスプロイトに関連付けられたエクスプロイト情報の表示を、前記非実証済みエクスプロイトに関連付けられたエクスプロイト情報の表示とは視覚的に異なるように表現する、
請求項2から4のいずれか一項に記載の脅威検出システム。 - 前記表示生成ロジックは、前記実証済みエクスプロイトに関連付けられたエクスプロイト情報のフォント種別を変更することにより、前記実証済みエクスプロイトに関連付けられたエクスプロイト情報の表示を、前記非実証済みエクスプロイトに関連付けられたエクスプロイト情報の表示とは視覚的に異なるように表現する、
請求項2から5のいずれか一項に記載の脅威検出システム。 - 前記表示生成ロジックは、前記実証済みエクスプロイトに関連付けられたエクスプロイト情報のフォント色を変更することにより、前記実証済みエクスプロイトに関連付けられたエクスプロイト情報の表示を、前記非実証済みエクスプロイトに関連付けられたエクスプロイト情報の表示とは視覚的に異なるように表現
する、
請求項2から5のいずれか一項に記載の脅威検出システム。 - 前記表示生成ロジックは、前記実証済みエクスプロイトに関連付けられたエクスプロイト情報の近傍への少なくとも一つの画像の配置を制御することにより、前記実証済みエクスプロイトに関連付けられたエクスプロイト情報の表示を、前記非実証済みエクスプロイトに関連付けられたエクスプロイト情報の表示とは視覚的に異なるように表現する、
請求項2から7のいずれか一項に記載の脅威検出システム。 - 前記報告ロジックは、表示生成ロジックを備えており、
前記表示生成ロジックは、前記実証済みエクスプロイトに対応する前記エクスプロイト情報の表示におけるエントリへの画像の配置を制御することにより、前記実証済みエクスプロイトに関連付けられたエクスプロイト情報の表示を、前記IPSロジック以外のロジックから受け付けた前記非実証済みエクスプロイトに関連付けられたエクスプロイト情報とは視覚的に異なるように表現する、
請求項1に記載の脅威検出システム。 - 前記報告ロジックは、分類ロジックを備えており、
前記分類ロジックは、前記実証済みエクスプロイトに関連付けられたエクスプロイト情報の視覚的表現を、前記非実証済みエクスプロイトに関連付けられたエクスプロイト情報よりも優先するように構成されており、
前記分類ロジックは、前記実証済みエクスプロイトに関連付けられたエクスプロイト情報および前記非実証済みエクスプロイトに関連付けられたエクスプロイト情報の視覚的表現を生成する前記表示生成ロジックと通信状態にある、
請求項2に記載の脅威検出システム。 - 前記表示生成ロジックは、前記実証済みエクスプロイトに関連付けられたエクスプロイト情報を変更して前記仮想実行ロジックによって実証済みエクスプロイトと分類されなかった前記複数の第二オブジェクトの第二部分集合に関連付けられた情報と異なる外見とすることにより、前記実証済みエクスプロイトの表示を強調する、
請求項2に記載の脅威検出システム。 - プロセッサと、
前記プロセッサと通信可能に結合されたメモリと、
を備えており、
前記メモリは、少なくとも前記IPSロジックと前記仮想実行ロジックを備えている、
請求項1に記載の脅威検出システム。 - 侵入防止システム(IPS)ロジックによって複数の第一オブジェクトを受け付け、
前記複数の第一オブジェクトの各々に対してエクスプロイトシグネチャチェックと脆弱性シグネチャチェックの一方を行なうことにより当該複数の第一オブジェクトの部分集合であり、当該複数の第一オブジェクトの数以下である複数の第二オブジェクトを容疑エクスプロイトとして特定することを含む分析を前記IPSロジックによって行ない、
前記複数の第二オブジェクトの各々に含まれるコンテンツを処理し、処理中におけるエクスプロイトを示す異常挙動を監視するように構成された少なくとも一つの仮想マシンを含む仮想実行ロジックによって、当該複数の第二オブジェクトの第一部分集合がエクスプロイトであることを自動的に実証し、
実証済みエクスプロイトに関連付けられた情報を、前記仮想実行ロジックによって実証済みエクスプロイトとして分類されなかった前記複数の第二オブジェクトの第二部分集合を含む非実証済みエクスプロイトよりも優先する表示を生成する、
コンピュータ制御された方法。 - 前記表示の生成に際しては、実証済みエクスプロイトに関連付けられた情報が非実証済みエクスプロイトに関連付けられた情報よりも顕著となるように優先する、
請求項13に記載のコンピュータ制御された方法。 - 前記実証済みエクスプロイトに関連付けられた情報は、(1)エクスプロイトの名前、(2)当該エクスプロイトの検出に使用されるシグネチャパターン、(3)当該エクスプロイトを供給したソースデバイスのアドレス情報、(4)エクスプロイト分析処理が行なわれた時間、および(5)当該エクスプロイトに対して脆弱性を有すると検出されたソフトウェアの名前またはバージョン番号を含んでいる、
請求項13または14に記載のコンピュータ制御された方法。
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