JP2017229228A - Complete traction gear for vehicle, in particular, railway vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve safety of a traction gear against operation abnormality.SOLUTION: A traction gear (10) includes two motors (18), and an inverter (20) for supplying electric power to two motors (18). The traction gear includes a planetary gear train (22) for each motor (18), and motor drive control means (34) which can rotationally drive a corresponding outer planetary gear (26) for one motor (18). Means (40) for controlling each control means can control a rotational speed of the corresponding outer planetary gear (26) according to a rotational speed and/or an angular position of each output shaft (19). A releasable engagement means (44) is located between each motor drive control means (34) and the corresponding outer planetary gear (26). Control means (46) can maintain the engagement means (44) in a clutch state in the case that any abnormality is not detected, and shifts the engagement means (44) to a non-engagement configuration in the case that abnormality is detected.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a traction device for a vehicle, particularly a railway vehicle.

  In the state of the art, traction devices are already known that include at least two motors each having a respective output shaft. Each output shaft is specifically intended to drive a respective axle of the vehicle via a speed reducer.

  In the case of synchronous motors, each motor is powered by its own inverter. In practice, known traction devices cannot ensure the same speed and angular position as the output shaft of different motors, and therefore cannot power several motors with the same inverter.

  This result is a significant cost of the traction device in connection with the presence of multiple inverters.

  Also, in some cases, the motor may encounter abnormal conditions that can be detrimental to its operation or to its integrity. For example, in the case of a synchronous motor, a short circuit occurs in the stator or in the power supply circuit, thereby generating strong heat radiation that locally raises the temperature. Such temperatures can damage the motor and require fire protection in the vicinity.

  The present invention aims to find an remedy for these disadvantages, in particular by proposing a more economical traction device, and improves the safety against abnormal operation of the traction device.

For this purpose, the subject of the present invention is a traction device for a vehicle, in particular a railway vehicle, comprising at least two motors each having a respective output shaft,
An inverter for supplying power to the at least two motors;
A planetary gear train for each motor, a first element selected from an inner planetary gear, an outer planetary gear, and a satellite holder that supports a plurality of satellites that mesh with the inner planetary gear and the outer planetary gear, respectively. An element and a third element, wherein the first element is rotationally fixed to the output shaft, the second element is a planetary gear train intended to rotationally drive the respective axle of the vehicle;
Motor drive control means for at least one of the motors capable of rotationally driving a third element of the corresponding planetary gear train;
Means for detecting the abnormality of each motor;
For each motor drive control means,
A releasable clutch means disposed between the motor drive control means and the corresponding third element of the planetary gear train, wherein the third element has a clutch state in which rotation is restricted by the motor drive control means. A disengagement means disposed between the disengageable clutch means and the motor drive control means and the corresponding third element of the planetary gear train, the rotation of the third element being restricted by the motor drive control means. Disengaging means capable of taking an engaged state and a non-engaged state in which the third element freely rotates;
A means for controlling the clutch means, wherein the clutch means can be maintained in the clutch state when the detection means does not detect an abnormality, and the clutch means is shifted to the non-engagement state when the detection means detects an abnormality. A traction device comprising: means.

  According to the present invention, a single inverter supplies power to the entire motor.

  The control means can change the rotational speed of one of the elements of the planetary gear train so that the speed and angular position of the output shaft are the same.

  More specifically, when the speeds of the output shafts are substantially the same, the control means rotationally drives the third element of the planetary gear train at the same speed, thereby contributing to the traction force supplied by the traction device.

  On the other hand, if there is a difference in speed and / or angular position between the output shafts, the control means increases or decreases the speed of at least one third element in order to correct this difference.

  In addition, when an abnormality is detected, the third element is released from rotation so that rotation of the axle causes rotation of the third element rather than rotation of the motor shaft. Therefore, the motor can be stopped without any residual rotation by the axle in order to end the effect of the detected anomaly.

  The traction device according to the present invention may further include one or several of the following features.

The traction device comprises means for measuring the rotational speed of each output shaft and / or their angular position and the third element of the planetary gear train corresponding to the rotational speed and / or their angular position of each output shaft; Means for controlling each motor drive control means capable of controlling the rotation speed.

The control means is configured to control the rotational speed of the third element of the planetary gear train in order to correct the difference in speed of the output shafts and / or the angular deviation between these output shafts;

-The means for detecting an abnormality can detect a short circuit of the motor.

・ Each motor is a synchronous type.

Each second element comprises a toothed circular part intended to mate with a complementary toothed wheel formed by a corresponding satellite holder and supported by a corresponding axle;

-Each motor drive control means is supplied with electric power by an inverter.

  The invention also includes a railway vehicle including at least two axles, including at least one previously defined traction device, wherein each planetary gear train is kinematically connected to a respective one of the axles. It relates to a characteristic railway vehicle.

The invention is finally a method for protecting a traction device as defined above,
The detection means continuously monitors the motor for abnormalities,
When an abnormality is detected, the control means relates to a method characterized in that the clutch means is shifted to the disengaged state.

The invention will be better understood by reading the following description given only by way of example and made with reference to a single accompanying drawing.
1 schematically shows a traction device according to an exemplary implementation of the invention.

  The figure shows a traction device 10 intended to be provided in a vehicle, in particular a railway vehicle.

  The vehicle includes at least two axles 12 that each support two wheels 14. In the case of a railway vehicle, the latter usually includes at least one bogie including at least the axle 12, for example. Alternatively, each axle 12 is supported by a different bogie.

  The axle 12 is of the same design as described with the same reference.

  Each axle 12 is rotatable about the first axis X1.

  Each axle 12 is fixed for rotation with a respective toothed wheel 16, by means of which the axle 12 is kinematically connected to the traction device 10.

  The traction device 10 includes two motors 18. Since the motor 18 and the elements connected to the motor 18 are of the same design, they will be described below using the same reference numerals.

  Advantageously, each motor 18 is a synchronous motor. Such synchronous motors are more efficient and more compact than asynchronous motors.

  Each motor 18 includes a stator and a rotor in a conventional manner, and the rotor is fixed so as to rotate together with a respective output shaft 19. Each output shaft 19 can be rotated about the second axis X2.

  The synchronous motor 18 is supplied with power by a power supply means including an inverter 20 in particular. According to the present invention, the inverter 20 is common to the synchronous motor 18.

  The traction device 10 further includes, for each motor 18, a respective planetary gear train 22 disposed between the output shaft 19 and the corresponding toothed wheel 16.

Each planetary gear train 22 includes a first element, a first element selected from an inner planetary gear 24, an outer planetary gear 26, and a satellite holder 30 that supports a satellite 28 that meshes with the inner planetary gear 24 and the outer planetary gear 26, respectively. The first element 24 is fixed to rotate with the output shaft 19 and the second element 30 is intended to rotationally drive each axle 12 of the vehicle.

  In the embodiment described above, the first element is the inner planetary gear 24, which is fixed so as to rotate with the corresponding output shaft 19, and is thus rotatable about the corresponding second axis X2. .

  In the embodiment described above, the third element is each outer planetary gear 26 having a generally axisymmetric shape about the second axis X2. Each outer planetary gear 26 has, for example, a crown shape having a toothed inner surface.

  Each planetary gear train 22 also includes at least one satellite 28, generally three satellites 28, each meshing with an inner planetary gear 24 and a corresponding outer planetary gear 26 (especially an inner toothed surface). Accordingly, each satellite 28 is arranged radially between the inner planetary gear 24 and the corresponding outer planetary gear 26. Each satellite 28 has a substantially axisymmetric shape with the third axis X3 as the center, and each satellite 28 can rotate around the third axis X3.

  In the described embodiment, the second element is formed by a respective satellite holder 30, which can be rotated about the second axis X 2 and is complementary to each one of the toothed wheels 16. And includes a circular toothed portion 32 that meshes with the toothed wheel 16. The satellite holder 30 also includes, for each satellite 28, a support portion 33 at a pivot connection portion with the satellite 28. The pivot connection portion is defined around the corresponding third axis X3.

  The traction device 10 includes motor drive control means 34 that can rotationally drive a corresponding third element formed in the illustrated example by an outer planetary gear 26 with respect to at least one motor 18.

  Advantageously, each motor 18 is coupled to a respective motor drive control means 34.

  Each motor drive control means 34 includes a rotation output member 36 that meshes with the toothed portion of the corresponding outer planetary gear 26.

  Each motor drive control means 34 is supplied with electric power by, for example, the inverter 20.

  Note that the power of each motor drive control means 34 is much smaller than the power of each motor 18. For example, the power of each motor drive control means 34 is 5% or less of the power of each motor 18. Thus, the motor drive control means 34 does not involve significant additional power consumption.

  The traction device 10 also includes means 38 for measuring the rotational speed of each output shaft 19 and / or measuring their angular position. These measuring means 38 are in particular configured to calculate the difference in rotational speed between the output shafts 19 and / or their angular deviation.

  The traction device 10 finally has means 40 for controlling each motor drive control means 34, which can control the rotational speed of the corresponding outer planetary gear 26 according to the rotational speed of each output shaft 19 and / or their angular position. Including.

  More specifically, the control means 40 is configured to control the rotational speed of the outer planetary gear 26 in order to eliminate the speed difference between the output shafts 19 and / or the angular deviation between the output shafts 19.

  Thus, if the speed of the output shaft 19 is substantially the same and / or their angular deviation is substantially zero, the control means 40 drives the outer planetary gear 26 to rotate at a very low or zero speed. , Thereby contributing to the traction / braking force supplied by the traction device 10.

  On the other hand, if there is a difference in speed and / or angular position between the output shafts 19, the control means 40 changes the speed of at least one outer planetary gear 26 to eliminate this difference.

  Advantageously, the traction device 10 includes means 42 for detecting an abnormality of each motor 18. As used herein, “abnormal” refers to motor dysfunction that is detrimental to its proper operation and / or its integrity. The detection means 42 includes, for example, conventional means for detecting a short circuit and / or temperature measurement means capable of detecting an increase in temperature exceeding a predetermined threshold. Thus, for example, if a short circuit is detected or the temperature exceeds a predetermined threshold, it is considered that an abnormality has been detected.

  For each motor drive control means 34, the traction device 10 is disposed between the motor drive control means 34 and the corresponding outer planetary gear 26, more specifically, a releasable clutch located on the rotation output member 36. Means 44 are included. The clutch means 44 can take an engaged state in which the rotation of the outer planetary gear 26 is restricted by the motor drive control means 34 to which the outer planetary gear 26 corresponds and a non-engaged state in which the outer planetary gear 26 freely rotates.

  The traction device 10 can also maintain the engagement means 44 in the clutch state for each motor drive control means 34 when the detection means 42 does not detect abnormality, and engage when the detection means 42 detects abnormality. Means 46 for controlling the engaging means 44 for transitioning the means 44 to the disengaged state. Therefore, the control means 46 is connected to the detection means 42 so that the control of the engagement means 44 is conditioned by detecting an abnormality.

  More specifically, the control means 46 keeps the engaging means 44 in the clutch state when the detecting means 42 does not detect any abnormality, and the non-engaging means 44 when the detecting means 42 detects an abnormality. It is comprised so that it may transfer to an engagement state.

  When the engagement means 44 is in the clutch state, the motor drive control means 34 affects the rotational speed of the outer planetary gear 26 and thus the speed ratio between the output shaft 19 and the corresponding axle 12.

  When the engaging means 44 is in the disengaged state, the outer planetary gear 26 rotates freely. When the axle 12 rotates about the first axis X1, the axle 12 rotates the satellite holder 30 about the second axis X2 by the toothed wheel 16 meshing with the circular toothed portion 32.

  Under the influence of rotation around the second axis X2 of the satellite holder 30, the satellite 28 moves around the second axis X2 while rotating around the respective third axis X3. Each satellite 28 meshes with an outer planetary gear 26 that rotates freely and an inner planetary gear 24 that is fixed to the output shaft 19. Accordingly, the resistance to rotation of the inner planetary gear 24 is much greater than the resistance to rotation of the outer planetary gear 26. Thereby, the rotation of the satellite 28 around the third axis X3 is transmitted to the outer planetary gear 26 instead of the inner planetary gear 24. As a result, the motor 18 can be stopped without interfering with the rotation of the axle 12.

  Such a stop of the motor 18 is desirable in the case of an abnormality of this motor, in particular in the case of a short circuit of this motor or power supply.

  It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the implementation described above.

  For example, the traction device 10 can include more than two motors 18.

Claims (9)

A traction device (10) for a vehicle comprising at least two motors (18) each having a respective output shaft (19),
An inverter (20) for supplying power to the at least two motors (18);
A planetary gear train (22) for each motor (18), comprising an inner planetary gear (24), an outer planetary gear (26), the inner planetary gear (24) and the outer planetary gear (26), respectively. A first element, a second element, and a third element selected from a satellite holder (30) supporting a meshing satellite (28), the first element (24) rotating with the output shaft (19); A planetary gear train (22), wherein the second element (30) is intended to rotationally drive a respective axle (12) of the vehicle;
Motor drive control means (34) for at least one of the motors (18) capable of rotationally driving the third element (26) of the corresponding planetary gear train (22);
Detection means (42) for detecting an abnormality of each motor (18);
For each motor drive control means (34),
Releasable clutch means (44) disposed between the motor drive control means (34) and a third element (26) of the corresponding planetary gear train (22), wherein the third element (26) Releasable clutch means (44) which takes an engaged state in which rotation is restricted by the motor drive control means (34) and a disengaged state in which the third element (26) freely rotates,
Means (46) for controlling the releasable clutch means (44), and maintaining the releasable clutch means (44) in the clutch state when the detecting means (42) does not detect any abnormality. And a means for shifting the disengageable clutch means (44) to the disengaged state when the detecting means (42) detects an abnormality. Measuring means (38) for measuring the rotational speed of each output shaft (19) and / or their angular position;
Each motor drive control means capable of controlling the rotation speed of the third element (26) of the corresponding planetary gear train (22) according to the rotation speed of each output shaft (19) and / or the angular position thereof. The traction device (10) according to claim 1, comprising control means (40) for controlling.   The control means (40) is adapted to correct the speed difference of the output shaft (19) and / or the third element (22) of the planetary gear train (22) in order to correct the angular deviation between these output shafts (19). 26. A traction device (10) according to claim 1 or 2, configured to control the rotational speed of 26).   The traction device (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the detection means (42) for detecting an abnormality is configured to detect a short circuit of the motor (18).   A traction device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein each motor (18) is of the synchronous type.   Each second element is formed by a corresponding satellite holder (30) and has a toothed circular portion (32) intended to mesh with a complementary toothed wheel (16) supported by a corresponding axle (12). ) Traction device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims.   The traction device (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein each motor drive control means (34) is powered by the inverter (20).   A railway vehicle comprising at least two axles (12), comprising at least one traction device (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein each planetary gear train (22) 12. A railway vehicle characterized by being kinematically connected to each one of 12). A method for protecting a traction device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising:
The detection means (42) continuously monitors whether or not each motor (18) is abnormal,
When an abnormality is detected, the control means (40) shifts the engaging means (44) to a disengaged state.

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