JP2017223016A - Method for reinforcing retaining wall structure before repairing it - Google Patents
Method for reinforcing retaining wall structure before repairing it Download PDFInfo
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- JP2017223016A JP2017223016A JP2016118146A JP2016118146A JP2017223016A JP 2017223016 A JP2017223016 A JP 2017223016A JP 2016118146 A JP2016118146 A JP 2016118146A JP 2016118146 A JP2016118146 A JP 2016118146A JP 2017223016 A JP2017223016 A JP 2017223016A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 146
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 35
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 description 2
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
- Retaining Walls (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明は、道路工事、河川工事、護岸工事、土地造成工事等における擁壁構造に係り、更に詳細には、擁壁構造を構築した後に擁壁の変形等の欠陥が生じた場合に、欠陥の生じた擁壁構造部分を補修する際に、補修する擁壁構造を部分的に補強する方法に係る。
The present invention relates to a retaining wall structure in road construction, river construction, revetment construction, land reclamation construction, etc., and more specifically, when a defect such as deformation of the retaining wall occurs after the construction of the retaining wall structure. The present invention relates to a method for partially reinforcing the retaining wall structure to be repaired when repairing the retaining wall structure portion in which the problem occurs.
道路工事、河川工事、護岸工事、土地造成工事等における擁壁構造を構築する工法としては、様々な工法が採用されている。 パネル状の壁面材やブロック状の壁面材、あるいはパネル状の壁面材の裏面に補強リブを設けたものを段積みした擁壁構造の他、補強土工法により構築された擁壁構造（例えば、特許文献１参照）などがある。 Various construction methods have been adopted for constructing the retaining wall structure in road construction, river construction, revetment construction, land preparation construction, etc. In addition to the retaining wall structure in which panel-shaped wall materials, block-shaped wall materials, or panel-shaped wall materials provided with reinforcing ribs on the back are stacked, retaining wall structures constructed by a reinforced earth method (for example, Patent Document 1).
補強土工法は、法面に当接した擁壁壁面材に部分的に埋め込まれた接続金具と帯状の補強材を結合し、この帯状の補強材を擁壁の裏面側に設ける盛土層又は裏込め材層に挟み込み、この盛土層又は裏込め材層を転圧することによって、盛土又は裏込め材層と補強材の間に摩擦力を発生させ、この摩擦力により擁壁壁面材を盛土側又は裏込め材側に引っ張って擁壁構造を安定化させるものである。 In the reinforced earth method, a connecting metal part partially embedded in a retaining wall wall material in contact with the slope and a band-shaped reinforcing material are combined, and this band-shaped reinforcing material is provided on the back side of the retaining wall. By sandwiching between the embedding material layer and rolling the embankment layer or the back embedding material layer, a frictional force is generated between the embankment or the embedding material layer and the reinforcing material, and this retaining force causes the retaining wall surface material to move to the embankment side or Pulling toward the backfill material side stabilizes the retaining wall structure.
補強土工法は、上述したような工法を採用しているため、垂直又は垂直に近い擁壁構造を構築することができるため、用地の有効利用を図ることができると共に、用地に余裕のない河川脇の道路新設や拡幅にも最適な工法として広く採用されてきている。 Since the reinforced earth method employs the method described above, a vertical or nearly vertical retaining wall structure can be constructed, so that the site can be used effectively and a river with no margin in the site. It has been widely adopted as an optimal method for the construction and widening of side roads.
このような補強土工法による擁壁構造や、その他の一般的な工法（パネル状の壁面材やブロック状の壁面材、あるいはパネル状の壁面材の裏面に補強リブを設けたものを段積みするような工法）による擁壁構造では、大規模な地震や想定外の外力が作用したような場合には、擁壁構造の一部に亀裂や変形が生じ、補修することが必要になる場合がある。 Retaining wall structure by such a reinforced earth method and other general construction methods (panel-like wall material, block-like wall material, or panel-like wall material with reinforcing ribs on the back are stacked. In the case of a large-scale earthquake or unexpected external force, the retaining wall structure by such a construction method may crack or deform in a part of the retaining wall structure and may need to be repaired. is there.
しかしながら、補強土工法による擁壁構造や、その他の一般的な工法による擁壁構造では、擁壁構造の亀裂や変形などの欠陥が生じた部分のみの壁面材を除去しようとすると、除去した壁面材があった領域やその周辺の領域では盛土又は裏込め材が緩んだり、崩れたりする結果擁壁構造が部分的に、あるいは擁壁構造が全体的に不安定になってしまうため擁壁構造の亀裂や変形などの欠陥が生じた部分のみを補修することが難しかった。 However, in the retaining wall structure using the reinforced earth method or other retaining methods, if you try to remove the wall material only in the part where defects such as cracks or deformation of the retaining wall structure occur, Retaining wall structure because the embankment or backfill material loosens or collapses in the area where the material was present or in the surrounding area, resulting in partial or instability of the retaining wall structure. It was difficult to repair only the part where defects such as cracks and deformation occurred.
そのため、これまでは亀裂や変形などの欠陥が生じた部分が擁壁構造の一部であっても、擁壁構造全体を構築し直したり、あるいは、欠陥が生じた部分の擁壁および盛土又は裏込め材部分を含め、その上方の擁壁および盛土又は裏込め材部分を全て取り除いた後に、新たに擁壁構造を継ぎ足していく工法が採用されていた。
Therefore, until now, even if the part where the defect such as crack or deformation has occurred is a part of the retaining wall structure, the entire retaining wall structure can be reconstructed, or the retaining wall and embankment of the part where the defect has occurred or A method of adding a retaining wall structure after removing all retaining walls and embankments or backfilling material portions including the backfilling material portion has been adopted.
本発明は上述したような技術的背景を鑑みなされたものであり、補強土工法による擁壁構造や、その他の一般的な工法による擁壁構造において、大規模な地震に遭遇したり、想定外の大きな外力が作用したというような理由により、擁壁構造の一部に亀裂や変形が生じ、補修することが必要になった場合であって、補修が必要となった一部の擁壁部分のみを補修することにより擁壁構造全体を健全な状態に戻す補修工事に先立ち、補修する擁壁構造を部分的に補強する方法を提供するものである。
The present invention has been made in view of the technical background as described above. In the retaining wall structure by the reinforced earth construction method and the retaining wall structure by other general construction methods, a large-scale earthquake is encountered or unexpected. Some retaining wall parts that need to be repaired when a part of the retaining wall structure is cracked or deformed due to the fact that a large external force has been applied. It is intended to provide a method of partially reinforcing the retaining wall structure to be repaired prior to repair work for restoring the entire retaining wall structure to a healthy state by repairing only the retaining wall.
上記課題を解決するため、第１の観点に係る発明では、複数の壁面材を使用して構築された擁壁構造の補修工事における、擁壁構造の補修前の補強方法であって、補修箇所に配置された壁面材の裏面側近傍の盛土層又は裏込め材層に１又は複数の凍結管を埋設する工程と、凍結管に冷媒を循環させて凍結管近傍の盛土層又は裏込め材層を凍結させる工程と、からなる構成の擁壁構造の補修前の補強方法とした。 In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, in the invention according to the first aspect, in the repair work of the retaining wall structure constructed using a plurality of wall materials, a reinforcing method before repairing the retaining wall structure, A step of embedding one or a plurality of freezing pipes in the embankment layer or backfilling material layer in the vicinity of the back surface side of the wall material disposed in the wall, and a embankment layer or backfilling material layer in the vicinity of the freezing pipe by circulating a refrigerant in the freezing pipe And a method of reinforcing the retaining wall structure having a structure comprising:
また、第２の観点に係る発明では、第１の観点に係る発明の擁壁構造の補修前の補強方法において、擁壁構造は、パネル状の複数の壁面材と、壁面材の裏面側に設けられた１又は複数の接続金具と、壁面材の裏面側に設けられた盛土層又は裏込め材層に挟み込まれ、接続金具と結合された補強材とからなる補強土工法により構築された擁壁構造であり、壁面材の裏面側近傍の盛土層又は裏込め材層に埋設された１又は複数の凍結管は、接続金具および補強材が設けられた領域を除いた領域に埋設されている構成の擁壁構造の補修前の補強方法とした。 Moreover, in the invention which concerns on a 2nd viewpoint, in the reinforcement method before repair of the retaining wall structure of the invention which concerns on a 1st viewpoint, a retaining wall structure has a panel-shaped wall surface material and the back surface side of a wall surface material. Retainer constructed by a reinforced earth method composed of one or more connecting fittings provided and a reinforcing material sandwiched between a fill layer or a backfilling material layer provided on the back side of the wall surface material and combined with the connecting fitting. One or a plurality of freezing pipes having a wall structure and embedded in the embankment layer or backfilling material layer in the vicinity of the back surface side of the wall surface material are embedded in an area excluding the area where the connection fitting and the reinforcing material are provided. The reinforcement method before the repair of the retaining wall structure was adopted.
また、第３の観点に係る発明では、第１又は第２の観点に係る発明の擁壁構造の補修前の補強方法において、凍結管の近傍に更に注水管を埋設し、凍結管に冷媒を循環させて凍結管近傍の盛土層又は裏込め材層を凍結させる工程において凍結管近傍に注水管から水を供給する構成の擁壁構造の補修前の補強方法とした。 Moreover, in the invention which concerns on a 3rd viewpoint, in the reinforcement method before repair of the retaining wall structure of the invention which concerns on the 1st or 2nd viewpoint, a water injection pipe is further embed | buried near the freezing pipe | tube, and a refrigerant | coolant is supplied to a freezing pipe | tube. In the step of circulating and freezing the embankment layer or the backfilling material layer near the freezing pipe, the reinforcing method was used before repairing the retaining wall structure configured to supply water from the water injection pipe to the vicinity of the freezing pipe.
更に第４の観点に係る発明では、第１乃至第３の観点に係る発明のいずれかの擁壁構造の補修前の補強方法において、凍結管は、壁面材の裏面側に沿い、垂直方向、水平方向、又は斜め方向に伸びた状態で埋設されている構成の擁壁構造の補修前の補強方法とした。 Furthermore, in the invention according to the fourth aspect, in the reinforcing method before repairing the retaining wall structure according to any one of the inventions according to the first to third aspects, the freezing pipe is along the back side of the wall surface material, in the vertical direction, It was set as the reinforcement method before repair of the retaining wall structure of the structure embed | buried in the state extended in the horizontal direction or the diagonal direction.
更に第５の観点に係る発明では、第１乃至第３の観点に係る発明のいずれかの擁壁構造の補修前の補強方法において、凍結管は、補修箇所に配置された壁面材に削孔し、当該削孔を通って水平方向に埋設された構成の擁壁構造の補修前の補強方法とした。
Further, in the invention according to the fifth aspect, in the reinforcing method before repairing the retaining wall structure according to any one of the inventions according to the first to third aspects, the frozen pipe is drilled in the wall surface material arranged at the repair location. And it was set as the reinforcement method before repair of the retaining wall structure of the structure embed | buried in the horizontal direction through the said drilling hole.
本発明に係る擁壁構造の補修前の補強方法によれば、部分的に補修が必要となった擁壁構造の補修箇所に配置された壁面材の裏面側近傍の盛土層又は裏込め材層に埋設された凍結管に冷媒を循環させることにより、除去すべき壁面材近傍の盛土層又は裏込め材層を凍結させることができる。 この結果、凍結された盛土層や裏込め材層が堅固になり、補修箇所に配置された壁面材の周辺の盛土層や裏込め材層のみならず、擁壁構造そのものが堅固になるという効果を生じる。 According to the reinforcing method before repairing the retaining wall structure according to the present invention, the embankment layer or the backfilling material layer in the vicinity of the back surface side of the wall surface material disposed at the repaired portion of the retaining wall structure that requires partial repair. By circulating the refrigerant in the freezing pipe embedded in the wall, the embankment layer or the backfilling material layer in the vicinity of the wall surface material to be removed can be frozen. As a result, the frozen embankment layer and the backfilling material layer become solid, and the retaining wall structure itself becomes firm as well as the embankment layer and the backfilling material layer around the wall material placed at the repair location. Produce.
そのため、擁壁構造の一部を補修する際に、部分的に壁面材を除去しても盛土や裏込め材が緩んだり、崩れたりすることがなくなり、擁壁構造の亀裂や変形などの欠陥が生じた部分のみを補修することが容易に実施できるようになるという効果を有する。
Therefore, when repairing a part of the retaining wall structure, even if the wall material is partially removed, the embankment and backfilling material will not loosen or collapse, and defects such as cracks and deformation of the retaining wall structure will not occur. It has the effect that it becomes possible to easily carry out repairing only the portion where the occurrence has occurred.
以下、図面を用いて本発明の実施形態について説明する。 図１は、一般的な工法により構築された擁壁構造１の補修前の補強方法について説明した正面図であり、図２は図１の断面Ａ−Ａを示した図である。 一般的な工法により構築された擁壁構造１とは、パネル状の壁面材１０やブロック状の壁面材１０、あるいはパネル状の壁面材１０の裏面に補強リブを設けたものを段積みするような工法によって構築された擁壁構造１である。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a front view illustrating a reinforcing method before repairing a retaining wall structure 1 constructed by a general construction method, and FIG. 2 is a view showing a cross section AA of FIG. The retaining wall structure 1 constructed by a general construction method is such that a panel-shaped wall material 10, a block-shaped wall material 10, or a panel-shaped wall material 10 provided with reinforcing ribs on the back surface is stacked. It is a retaining wall structure 1 constructed by a simple construction method.
図１の正面図においてハッチングを施した領域は、補修を必要とする壁面材１０を示したものであり、図１では１の壁面材１０が補修対象として描かれているが、これに限定されるものではない。 補修を必要とする壁面材１０の数が複数の場合であっても、ここで説明する工法を取り入れることが可能である。 The hatched area in the front view of FIG. 1 shows the wall surface material 10 that requires repair. In FIG. 1, the wall surface material 10 of 1 is drawn as a repair target, but the area is limited to this. It is not something. Even when the number of wall materials 10 requiring repair is plural, it is possible to adopt the construction method described here.
一般的な工法により構築された擁壁構造１では、壁面材１０としてコンクリートブロック又は鉄筋入りコンクリートブロック製の壁面材１０が使用されている。補修を必要とする壁面材１０が擁壁構造１の一部である場合、補修箇所の近傍の擁壁構造部分を補強した上で、補修が必要な壁面材１０を除去することが必要になる。 In the retaining wall structure 1 constructed by a general construction method, a wall surface material 10 made of a concrete block or a concrete block containing reinforcing bars is used as the wall surface material 10. When the wall surface material 10 requiring repair is a part of the retaining wall structure 1, it is necessary to reinforce the retaining wall structure portion in the vicinity of the repair location and then remove the wall material 10 that needs repair. .
擁壁構造１を補強する際、まず補修が必要な壁面材１０（図１の正面図では、ハッチングを施して示す）の裏面側近傍の盛土層又は裏込め材層４０の中に、１又は複数の凍結管８０を埋設する（図１および図２では、１の凍結管８０が示されているが状況に応じて凍結管８０の個数は適宜決定される）。 When reinforcing the retaining wall structure 1, first, one or more of the embedding layer or backfilling material layer 40 in the vicinity of the back surface side of the wall surface material 10 (indicated by hatching in the front view of FIG. 1) that needs repair A plurality of freezing tubes 80 are embedded (in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, one freezing tube 80 is shown, but the number of freezing tubes 80 is appropriately determined according to the situation).
凍結管８０は、盛土層又は裏込め材層４０の一部を凍結させるための熱交換機としての機能を果たすものであり、凍結管８０の内部には冷媒が循環されるようになっている。 また、凍結管８０の一端部には、冷媒を供給し、および冷媒を回収するための冷媒配管８１が接続されている。 また、凍結管８０に接続された冷媒配管８１は断熱処理された上で冷凍機８２（図示せず）に接続されている。 The freezing tube 80 functions as a heat exchanger for freezing part of the embankment layer or the backfill material layer 40, and refrigerant is circulated inside the freezing tube 80. Further, a refrigerant pipe 81 for supplying a refrigerant and collecting the refrigerant is connected to one end of the freezing pipe 80. The refrigerant pipe 81 connected to the freezing pipe 80 is heat-insulated and then connected to a refrigerator 82 (not shown).
凍結管８０を補修が必要な壁面材１０の裏面側近傍の盛土層又は裏込め材層４０の中に埋設する方法としては、擁壁構造１の上端面から壁面材１０の裏面側に沿い、盛土層又は裏込め材層４０の中に下方向き又は斜め下方向きの穴を明け、その穴の中へ凍結管８０を挿入して埋設したり、擁壁構造１の側端面から壁面材１０の裏面側に沿い、盛土層又は裏込め材層４０の中に横方向又は斜め下方向きの穴を明け、その穴の中へ凍結管８０を挿入して埋設するようにしても良い。
なお、本明細書では、概ね下方向き、概ね横方向向き、概ね斜め下方向きを垂直方向、水平方向、斜め方向とも呼ぶこととする。
As a method of embedding the freezing pipe 80 in the embankment layer or the backfilling material layer 40 in the vicinity of the back surface side of the wall surface material 10 that needs to be repaired, along the back surface side of the wall surface material 10 from the upper end surface of the retaining wall structure 1, A hole facing downward or obliquely downward is formed in the embankment layer or the backfill material layer 40, and a freezing pipe 80 is inserted into the hole to embed, or from the side end surface of the retaining wall structure 1 Along the back surface side, a horizontal or diagonally downward hole may be formed in the embankment layer or backfill material layer 40, and a freezing tube 80 may be inserted and embedded in the hole.
In the present specification, the generally downward direction, the generally lateral direction, and the generally obliquely downward direction are also referred to as a vertical direction, a horizontal direction, and an oblique direction.
また、凍結管８０を補修が必要な壁面材１０の裏面側近傍の盛土層又は裏込め材層４０の中に埋設する際、盛土層又は裏込め材層４０に穴を設けることなく、盛土層又は裏込め材層４０の中に直接凍結管８０を打ち込み、上述したような向き及び位置に凍結管８０を配置するようにしても良い。 Further, when embedding the frozen pipe 80 in the embankment layer or backfilling material layer 40 in the vicinity of the back surface side of the wall surface material 10 that needs repair, the embankment layer or backfilling material layer 40 is not provided with a hole, Alternatively, the freezing tube 80 may be directly driven into the backfill material layer 40, and the freezing tube 80 may be disposed in the direction and position as described above.
凍結管８０を補修が必要な壁面材１０の裏面側近傍の盛土層又は裏込め材層４０の中に埋設する際、凍結管８０の近傍に注水管８０−１、測温管８０−２（いずれも図示せず）を埋設するようにしても良い。 When embedding the freezing pipe 80 in the embankment layer or backfilling material layer 40 in the vicinity of the back surface side of the wall surface material 10 requiring repair, a water injection pipe 80-1 and a temperature measuring pipe 80-2 ( Neither of them may be embedded).
注水管８０−１は、凍結管８０周りの地盤（盛土層又は裏込め材層４０）が砕石等の凍結しにくい地盤である場合に、地盤を凍結させやすくするために、凍結管８０近傍に水を供給できるようにするものである。 The water injection pipe 80-1 is located near the freezing pipe 80 in order to make the ground easy to freeze when the ground (filling layer or backfilling material layer 40) around the freezing pipe 80 is hard to freeze such as crushed stone. It makes it possible to supply water.
また、測温管８０−２には温度センサーが設置されており、凍結管８０近傍の地盤温度をモニターできるようにしたものである。 これら、注水管８０−１や測温管８０−２は、必要に応じて凍結管８０を埋設する際にあわせて埋設することができる。 The temperature measuring tube 80-2 is provided with a temperature sensor so that the ground temperature near the freezing tube 80 can be monitored. These water injection pipes 80-1 and temperature measuring pipes 80-2 can be embedded in accordance with necessity when the freezing pipe 80 is embedded.
凍結管８０（必要な場合には、注水管８０−１および測温管８０−２をも含む）を補修が必要な壁面材１０の裏面側近傍の盛土層又は裏込め材層４０の中に埋設した後、凍結管８０の中へ冷媒を循環させる。 凍結管８０の中へ冷媒を循環させる方法としては、例えば、ブライン（塩化カルシウム水溶液、塩化ナトリウム水溶液、塩化マグネシウム水溶液、エチレングリコールなどの物質）と呼ばれる熱媒体を凍結管８０の中を循環させる方法や、低温液化ガスを直接凍結管８０の中へ流し込み気化熱を利用して地盤を凍結させるようにする方法がある。 Freezing pipe 80 (including water injection pipe 80-1 and temperature measuring pipe 80-2 if necessary) in the embankment layer or backfilling material layer 40 in the vicinity of the back surface side of the wall surface material 10 that needs repair. After embedding, the refrigerant is circulated into the freezing tube 80. As a method of circulating the refrigerant into the freezing tube 80, for example, a method of circulating a heat medium called brine (substance such as calcium chloride aqueous solution, sodium chloride aqueous solution, magnesium chloride aqueous solution, ethylene glycol, etc.) through the freezing tube 80. Alternatively, there is a method in which a low-temperature liquefied gas is directly flowed into the freezing tube 80 and the ground is frozen using the heat of vaporization.
このようにして、凍結管８０の中へ冷媒を循環させることにより、除去すべき壁面材１０近傍の盛土層又は裏込め材層４０を凍結させることができ、凍結された盛土層や裏込め材層４０によって、補修箇所に配置された壁面材の周辺の盛土層や裏込め材層４０が堅固になると共に、凍結された領域近傍の擁壁構造１そのものも堅固になる。 Thus, by circulating the refrigerant into the freezing pipe 80, the embankment layer or the backfilling material layer 40 near the wall surface material 10 to be removed can be frozen, and the frozen embankment layer and the backfilling material can be frozen. By the layer 40, the embankment layer and the backfilling material layer 40 around the wall surface material arranged at the repair location are solidified, and the retaining wall structure 1 itself in the vicinity of the frozen region is also solidified.
このようにして補修が必要な壁面材１０の周辺の盛土や裏込め材層４０および当該領域の擁壁構造部分は十分に補強され、部分的に壁面材１０を除去しても盛土や裏込め材層４０が緩んだり、崩れたりすることがない。 In this way, the embankment and backfilling material layer 40 around the wall surface material 10 that needs repair and the retaining wall structure portion in the region are sufficiently reinforced, and even if the wall material 10 is partially removed, the embankment and backfilling are performed. The material layer 40 does not loosen or collapse.
補修が必要な壁面材１０の周辺の補強が行われた後は、補修箇所に配置された壁面材１０を切断しつつ、又は破砕しつつ除去した後、補修用壁面材７０を補修箇所に設置する。 壁面材１０を除去する方法としては、コンクリート・ブレーカーを使用して壁面材１０のコンクリートを破砕しつつ、小片となった壁面材１０を少しずつ除去していく方法や、コンクリート・カッターを使用して壁面材１０のコンクリートを小片に切り分け、この小片を取り除いていく方法がある。 After reinforcing the periphery of the wall material 10 that requires repair, the wall material 10 arranged at the repair location is removed while being cut or crushed, and then the repair wall material 70 is installed at the repair location. To do. As a method for removing the wall material 10, a concrete breaker is used to crush the concrete of the wall material 10 and a small piece of the wall material 10 is removed little by little, or a concrete cutter is used. There is a method of cutting the concrete of the wall material 10 into small pieces and removing the small pieces.
以上、一般的な工法により構築された擁壁構造１の補修前の補強方法について説明してきたが、補強土工法により構築された擁壁構造２の場合であっても同様な補修前の補強方法を採用することができる。 As mentioned above, although the reinforcement method before repair of the retaining wall structure 1 constructed | assembled by the general construction method was demonstrated, even if it is the case of the retaining wall structure 2 constructed | assembled by the reinforced earth construction method, the same reinforcement method before repair is carried out Can be adopted.
補強土工法により構築された擁壁構造２では、例えば、コンクリート製あるいは鉄筋コンクリート製のパネルから構成され、十字状の形状を有する壁面材１５を、図３に示すように縦方向、および横方向に噛合わせつつ積み上げていくことによって壁面を構成するようになっている。 In the retaining wall structure 2 constructed by the reinforced earth method, for example, a wall material 15 made of a concrete or reinforced concrete panel and having a cross shape is arranged in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction as shown in FIG. Wall surfaces are configured by stacking while meshing.
また、壁面材１５の裏面側（盛土又は裏込め材側）には、壁面材１５の中に部分的に埋め込まれたＬ字状の鉄鋼板から成る接続金具２０が複数箇所（図３では４箇所）に設けられている。 更に、壁面材１５の裏面側には盛土又は裏込め材層４０が配置され、盛土層又は裏込め材層４０の中には、鉄鋼板からなり、帯状の形状を有する補強材３０が擁壁面から離れる方向に伸びている。 In addition, on the back surface side (filling or backfilling material side) of the wall surface material 15, a plurality of connection fittings 20 made of L-shaped steel plates partially embedded in the wall surface material 15 (4 in FIG. 3). ). Further, a banking or backfilling material layer 40 is disposed on the back surface side of the wall material 15, and the reinforcing material 30 made of a steel plate and having a strip shape is included in the banking or backfilling material layer 40. It extends in the direction away from.
この補強材３０の一端側を接続金具２０に結合すると共に、補強材３０を盛土又は裏込め材層４０の中に長く伸ばして配置した後、盛土又は裏込め材層４０と補強材３０を一緒に転圧することによって、帯状の補強材３０を盛土又は裏込め材層４０に挟み込み、盛土又は裏込め材と補強材３０の間に摩擦力を発生させ、この摩擦力により壁面材１５を盛土又は裏込め材層４０側に引っ張って擁壁構造２を強化させるようになっている。 One end side of the reinforcing material 30 is coupled to the connection fitting 20 and the reinforcing material 30 is extended and disposed in the embankment or backfilling material layer 40, and then the embankment or backfilling material layer 40 and the reinforcing material 30 are combined. The belt-shaped reinforcing material 30 is sandwiched between the embankment or the backfilling material layer 40 by rolling to generate a frictional force between the embankment or the backfilling material and the reinforcing material 30, and the wall material 15 is embanked or filled by this frictional force. The retaining wall structure 2 is strengthened by pulling toward the backfill material layer 40 side.
このような補強土工法により構築された擁壁構造２の補修前の補強方法は、一般的な工法により構築された擁壁構造１の補修前の補強方法と同様である。 擁壁構造２を補強する際、まず補修が必要な壁面材１５（図３の正面図では、ハッチングを施して示す）の裏面側近傍の盛土層又は裏込め材層４０の中に、１又は複数の凍結管８０を埋設する（図１および図２では、１の凍結管８０が示されているが状況に応じて凍結管８０の個数は適宜決定される）。 盛土層又は裏込め材層４０の中に凍結管８０を埋設する方法は、一般的な工法により構築された擁壁構造１の場合と同様である。 The reinforcing method before repairing the retaining wall structure 2 constructed by such a reinforced earth method is the same as the reinforcing method before repairing the retaining wall structure 1 constructed by a general construction method. When reinforcing the retaining wall structure 2, first, 1 or 1 in the embankment layer or backfill material layer 40 in the vicinity of the back surface side of the wall surface material 15 (indicated by hatching in the front view of FIG. 3) that needs repair. A plurality of freezing tubes 80 are embedded (in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, one freezing tube 80 is shown, but the number of freezing tubes 80 is appropriately determined according to the situation). The method of embedding the freezing pipe 80 in the embankment layer or the backfill material layer 40 is the same as that of the retaining wall structure 1 constructed by a general construction method.
ただし、補強土工法により構築された擁壁構造２の場合、凍結管８０を埋設する位置は、補修が必要な壁面材１５の裏面側に接続金具２０が設けられており、この接続金具２０の配置された位置の盛土又は裏込め材層４０の中には補強材３０が設置されているため、これらの領域を避けて凍結管８０を埋設する必要がある。 However, in the case of the retaining wall structure 2 constructed by the reinforced earth method, the position where the freezing pipe 80 is buried is provided with the connection fitting 20 on the back surface side of the wall surface material 15 that needs to be repaired. Since the reinforcing material 30 is installed in the embankment or backfill material layer 40 at the arranged position, it is necessary to embed the freezing pipe 80 while avoiding these areas.
凍結管８０（必要な場合には、注水管８０−１および測温管８０−２をも含む）を補修が必要な壁面材１０の裏面側近傍の盛土層又は裏込め材層４０の中に埋設した後、凍結管８０の中へ冷媒を循環させる。 凍結管８０の中へ冷媒を循環させる方法は、一般的な工法により構築された擁壁構造１の場合と同様である。 Freezing pipe 80 (including water injection pipe 80-1 and temperature measuring pipe 80-2 if necessary) in the embankment layer or backfilling material layer 40 in the vicinity of the back surface side of the wall surface material 10 that needs repair. After embedding, the refrigerant is circulated into the freezing tube 80. The method of circulating the refrigerant into the freezing pipe 80 is the same as that of the retaining wall structure 1 constructed by a general construction method.
補強土工法により構築された擁壁構造２の補修前の補強方法においても、一般的な工法により構築された擁壁構造１の補修前の補強方法と同様な効果が得られる。 Also in the reinforcement method before repair of the retaining wall structure 2 constructed | assembled by the reinforced earth method, the effect similar to the reinforcement method before repair of the retaining wall structure 1 constructed | assembled by the general construction method is acquired.
補修が必要な壁面材１５の周辺の補強が行われた後は、補修箇所に配置された壁面材１５を切断しつつ、又は破砕しつつ除去した後、補修用壁面材７５（図示せず）を補修箇所に設置することになる。 補強土工法により構築された擁壁構造２の場合、一般的な工法により構築された擁壁構造１の場合に比べ擁壁の構造が異なるため、擁壁の補修方法は異なる。 After the reinforcement of the periphery of the wall material 15 that requires repair is performed, the wall material 15 arranged at the repair location is removed while being cut or crushed, and then a repair wall material 75 (not shown). Will be installed at the repair location. In the case of the retaining wall structure 2 constructed by the reinforced earth method, since the structure of the retaining wall is different from that of the retaining wall structure 1 constructed by a general construction method, the retaining wall repair method is different.
補修が必要な壁面材１５の周辺の補強が行われた後の、擁壁構造２の補修方法の１例は以下の通りである。
まず、補修箇所に配置された壁面材１５を切断しつつ、又は破砕しつつ除去する。 このとき、同時に、接続金具２０と補強材３０の結合を解除すると共に接続金具２０を除去する。 次に、既存の補強材３０の端部と新たに設置する連結金具５０（図示せず）を結合する。
An example of a method for repairing the retaining wall structure 2 after the reinforcement of the periphery of the wall surface material 15 that needs to be repaired is as follows.
First, the wall surface material 15 arranged at the repair location is removed while being cut or crushed. At the same time, the connection between the connection fitting 20 and the reinforcing member 30 is released and the connection fitting 20 is removed. Next, the end of the existing reinforcing member 30 and the newly installed connecting metal fitting 50 (not shown) are joined.
更に、連結金具が通過可能な連結孔７５−１を備えた補修用壁面材７５を補修箇所に設置すると共に、連結金具５０を連結孔７５−１に通し、連結金具５０を補修用壁面材７５に固定する。 以上のような工程によって補強土工法により構築された擁壁構造２を補修することができる。 Further, a repair wall material 75 having a connection hole 75-1 through which the connection metal fitting can pass is installed at the repair location, the connection metal fitting 50 is passed through the connection hole 75-1, and the connection metal fitting 50 is repaired. Secure to. The retaining wall structure 2 constructed by the reinforced earth method can be repaired by the above process.
次に、凍結管８０を補修が必要な壁面材１０、１５の裏面側近傍の盛土層又は裏込め材層４０の中に埋設する方法に関する別の実施例について説明する。
以上の説明においては、凍結管８０を補修が必要な壁面材１０、１５の裏面側近傍の盛土層又は裏込め材層４０の中に埋設する方法は、擁壁構造１、２の上端面から壁面材１０、１５の裏面側に沿い、盛土層又は裏込め材層４０の中に下方向き又は斜め下方向きの穴を明け、その穴の中へ凍結管８０を挿入して埋設したり、擁壁構造１、２の側端面から壁面材１０、１５の裏面側に沿い、盛土層又は裏込め材層４０の中に横方向又は斜め下方向きの穴を明け、その穴の中へ凍結管８０を挿入して埋設するというものであった。 あるいは、盛土層又は裏込め材層４０に穴を設けることなく、盛土層又は裏込め材層４０の中に直接凍結管８０を打ち込み、上述したような向き及び位置に凍結管８０を配置するというものであった。
Next, another embodiment relating to a method of embedding the frozen pipe 80 in the embankment layer or the backfilling material layer 40 in the vicinity of the back surface side of the wall surface materials 10 and 15 requiring repair will be described.
In the above description, the method of embedding the frozen pipe 80 in the embankment layer or the backfilling material layer 40 in the vicinity of the back surface side of the wall surface materials 10 and 15 that need repairing is from the upper end surface of the retaining wall structures 1 and 2. Along the back surface side of the wall surface materials 10 and 15, a downward or obliquely downward hole is made in the embankment layer or the backfill material layer 40, and a freezing tube 80 is inserted into the hole to embed or A lateral or diagonally downward hole is made in the embankment layer or backfilling material layer 40 along the back surface side of the wall surface materials 10 and 15 from the side end surfaces of the wall structures 1 and 2, and the freezing tube 80 is inserted into the hole. Was to be inserted and buried. Or, without providing a hole in the embankment layer or the backfill material layer 40, the cryopipe 80 is directly driven into the embankment layer or the backfill material layer 40, and the freeze tube 80 is arranged in the above-described orientation and position. It was a thing.
一方、図５、図６に示す凍結管８０の埋設方法に関する別の実施例（図５、６では、補強土工法により構築された擁壁構造２の場合を例にとり説明しているが、一般的な工法により構築された擁壁構造１の場合であっても同様である）では、以下のような工法を採用している。 すなわち、補修が必要な壁面材１０、１５及び／又は補修が必要な壁面材１０、１５の近傍の壁面材１０、１５に削孔する。この削孔は、壁面材表面側から行われ、１又は複数箇所に施工される。 この孔を通して凍結管８０（必要な場合には、必要な場合には、注水管８０−１および測温管８０−２をも含む）を壁面材１０、１５の裏面側近傍の盛土層又は裏込め材層４０の中に埋設する。 この場合、凍結管８０は擁壁表面側から擁壁裏面側に向かって、水平方向、斜め方向（斜め上方向、斜め右上方向、斜め右方向、斜め右下方向、斜め下方向、斜め左下方向、斜め左方向、斜め左上方向を含む概念）に伸びて埋設される。
On the other hand, another embodiment relating to the embedding method of the frozen pipe 80 shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 (in FIGS. 5 and 6, the case of the retaining wall structure 2 constructed by the reinforced earth method is described as an example. In the case of the retaining wall structure 1 constructed by a typical construction method, the same construction method is employed. That is, a hole is drilled in the wall materials 10 and 15 that need repair and / or the wall materials 10 and 15 near the wall materials 10 and 15 that need repair. This drilling is performed from the surface of the wall material and is applied at one or a plurality of locations. Through this hole, the freezing pipe 80 (including the water injection pipe 80-1 and the temperature measuring pipe 80-2 if necessary) is filled in the vicinity of the back surface side of the wall surface materials 10 and 15, or the back side. Embedded in the embedding material layer 40. In this case, the freezing tube 80 is horizontal, diagonal (from diagonally upward direction, diagonally upper right direction, diagonally right direction, diagonally lower right direction, diagonally downward direction, diagonally downward left direction from the retaining wall surface side to the retaining wall back side. Embedded in a diagonally left direction and a diagonally upper left direction).
１ 擁壁構造（一般的な工法により構築された擁壁構造）
２ 擁壁構造（補強土工法により構築された擁壁構造）
１０ 壁面材（一般的な工法により構築された擁壁構造用）
１５ 壁面材（補強土工法により構築された擁壁構造用）
２０ 接続金具
３０ 補強材
４０ 盛土又は裏込め材層
５０ 連結金具
７０ 補修用壁面材（一般的な工法により構築された擁壁構造用）
７５ 補修用壁面材（補強土工法により構築された擁壁構造用）
７５−１ 連結孔
８０ 凍結管
８０−１ 注水管
８０−２ 測温管
８１ 冷媒配管
８２ 冷凍機
1 Retaining wall structure (Retaining wall structure constructed by general construction method)
2 Retaining wall structure (Retaining wall structure constructed by reinforced earth method)
10 Wall materials (for retaining walls constructed by general construction methods)
15 Wall material (for retaining wall structure built by reinforced earth method)
20 Connecting bracket 30 Reinforcing material 40 Filling or backfilling material layer 50 Connecting bracket 70 Wall material for repair (for retaining wall structure constructed by general construction method)
75 Wall material for repair (for retaining wall constructed by reinforced earth method)
75-1 Connecting hole 80 Freezing pipe 80-1 Water injection pipe 80-2 Temperature measuring pipe 81 Refrigerant pipe 82 Refrigerator
Claims (5)
補修箇所に配置された壁面材の裏面側近傍の盛土層又は裏込め材層１又は複数の凍結管を埋設する工程と、
当該凍結管に冷媒を循環させて凍結管近傍の盛土層又は裏込め材層を凍結させる工程と、
からなることを特徴とする擁壁構造の補修前の補強方法。
In the repair work of the retaining wall structure constructed using a plurality of wall materials, a reinforcing method before repairing the retaining wall structure,
A step of embedding an embankment layer or backfill material layer 1 or a plurality of freezing pipes in the vicinity of the back surface side of the wall surface material arranged at the repair location;
A step of freezing the embankment layer or backfilling material layer near the freezing pipe by circulating a refrigerant in the freezing pipe;
A reinforcing method before repairing a retaining wall structure characterized by comprising:
壁面材の裏面側に設けられた１又は複数の接続金具と、
壁面材の裏面側に設けられた盛土層又は裏込め材層に挟み込まれ、接続金具と結合された補強材とからなる補強土工法により構築された擁壁構造であり、
壁面材の裏面側近傍の盛土層又は裏込め材層に埋設された１又は複数の凍結管は、接続金具および補強材が設けられた領域を除いた領域に埋設されている、
ことを特徴とする擁壁構造の補修前の補強方法。
The reinforcing method before repairing the retaining wall structure according to claim 1, wherein the retaining wall structure includes a plurality of panel-shaped wall materials,
One or more connection fittings provided on the back side of the wall material;
It is a retaining wall structure that is sandwiched between the embankment layer or backfill material layer provided on the back side of the wall material, and is constructed by a reinforced earth method composed of a reinforcing material combined with a connection fitting,
One or a plurality of freezing pipes embedded in the embankment layer or backfilling material layer near the back side of the wall material is embedded in a region excluding the region where the connection fitting and the reinforcing material are provided.
Reinforcing method before repairing the retaining wall structure.
前記凍結管の近傍に更に注水管を埋設し、
前記凍結管に冷媒を循環させて凍結管近傍の盛土層又は裏込め材層を凍結させる工程において凍結管近傍に注水管から水を供給する、
ことを特徴とする擁壁構造の補修前の補強方法。
In the reinforcing method before repairing the retaining wall structure according to claim 1 or 2,
A water injection pipe is buried in the vicinity of the freezing pipe,
Supplying water from the water injection pipe to the vicinity of the freezing pipe in the step of freezing the embankment layer or the backfilling material layer near the freezing pipe by circulating a refrigerant in the freezing pipe;
Reinforcing method before repairing the retaining wall structure.
前記凍結管は、壁面材の裏面側に沿い、垂直方向、水平方向、又は斜め方向に伸びた状態で埋設されている、
ことを特徴とする擁壁構造の補修前の補強方法。
In the reinforcement method before repair of the retaining wall structure in any one of Claims 1 thru | or 3,
The freezing pipe is embedded along the back side of the wall surface material, extending in the vertical direction, horizontal direction, or diagonal direction,
Reinforcing method before repairing the retaining wall structure.
前記凍結管は、補修箇所に配置された壁面材に削孔し、当該削孔を通って水平方向又は斜め方向に埋設されたものである、
ことを特徴とする擁壁構造の補修前の補強方法。
In the reinforcement method before repair of the retaining wall structure in any one of Claims 1 thru | or 3,
The frozen pipe is drilled in the wall surface material arranged at the repair location, and is embedded in the horizontal direction or oblique direction through the drilled hole.
Reinforcing method before repairing the retaining wall structure.
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