JP2017206463A - Algae control agent - Google Patents
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- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 39
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- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 19
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、湛水下水田用の藻類防除剤に関する。さらに詳しくは、本発明は、(a)硫酸鉄(II)およびその水和物からなる群から選択される1つ以上の化合物;(b)光合成細菌;および(c)バチルス属細菌を有効成分として含有する湛水下水田用の藻類防除剤に関する。 The present invention relates to an algae control agent for flooded sewage paddy fields. More specifically, the present invention relates to (a) one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of iron (II) sulfate and hydrates thereof; (b) a photosynthetic bacterium; and (c) a Bacillus bacterium. The present invention relates to an algae control agent for flooded sewage paddy fields.
現在、水田用の除草剤は研究開発が幅広く行われており、主として有機化合物を有効成分とする除草剤が単剤あるいは併用剤で広く一般に使用されている。ここで、水田に発生する雑草は多種類に及ぶが、その中でも、表層剥離の原因になるなど、藻類の発生がイネの生育に与える影響は大きい。 Currently, paddy field herbicides are widely researched and developed, and herbicides mainly composed of organic compounds as active ingredients are widely used as single agents or in combination. Here, there are many types of weeds that occur in paddy fields, but among them, the influence of algae generation on the growth of rice is significant, such as causing surface layer peeling.
水田に発生する藻類に効果がある薬剤としては、例えば、2−アミノ−3−クロロ−1,4−ナフトキノン(一般名:キノクラミン)を有効成分とする除草剤が「モゲトン」として市販されており、塩基性塩化銅も水田用の殺藻、防藻剤として効果があることが報告されている(特許文献1)。 As a drug effective against algae generated in paddy fields, for example, a herbicide containing 2-amino-3-chloro-1,4-naphthoquinone (generic name: quinoclamin) as an active ingredient is marketed as “Mogetone”. Basic copper chloride has also been reported to be effective as an algicidal and algicidal agent for paddy fields (Patent Document 1).
しかし、藻類に対して十分な防除効果を発揮するさらなる薬剤の開発が求められている。特に、藻類の防除効果が高いことに加え、速効性・持続性に優れ、より安全で、かつ安価な薬剤の開発が望まれている。 However, there is a demand for the development of further drugs that exert a sufficient control effect on algae. In particular, there is a demand for the development of a safer and cheaper drug that is superior in rapid action and sustainability in addition to having a high algal control effect.
すなわち、本発明の目的は、湛水下水田に発生する藻類を防除する技術を提供することである。 That is, an object of the present invention is to provide a technique for controlling algae generated in a flooded sewage paddy field.
本発明者らは、上記課題を解決すべく鋭意検討を行った結果、硫酸鉄(II)、光合成細菌、およびバチルス属細菌を組み合わせて用いることで、湛水下水田に発生する藻類を効果的に防除できることを見出し、本発明を完成するに至った。 As a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the present inventors have effectively used algae generated in flooded sewage paddy fields by using a combination of iron sulfate (II), photosynthetic bacteria, and Bacillus bacteria. As a result, the present invention has been completed.
すなわち、本発明は、これらに限定される訳ではないが、以下の態様の発明を包含する。
[1](a)硫酸鉄(II)およびその水和物からなる群から選択される1つ以上の化合物;
(b)光合成細菌;および
(c)バチルス属細菌;
を有効成分として含有する湛水下水田用の藻類防除剤であって、
(a)を含むコアと(b)および(c)を含むコーティング層とを備える粒剤の形態を有する、上記藻類防除剤。
[2]前記(a)が、硫酸鉄(II)・7水和物である、[1]に記載の藻類防除剤。
[3]前記(c)が、バチルス サブチリス(Bacillus subtilis)とバチルス ラテロスポールス(Bacillus laterosporus)との組み合わせである、[1]または[2]に記載の藻類防除剤。
[4]前記コーティング層が、米ぬか、ふすま、大豆ミールおよびナタネ油粕からなる群から選択される1つ以上の植物性担体と、植物性担体に均一に分散されている(b)および(c)とを含む、[1]〜[3]のいずれかに記載の藻類防除剤。
[5]前記藻類防除剤は、
(d)フィッシュソルブル、廃蜜糖、カルボキシメチルセルロース、アルギン酸、およびデンプンからなる群から選択される1つ以上の結合剤;
をさらに含み、
(a)を含むコアと、(d)を含むバインダー層と、(b)および(c)を含むコーティング層とが積層されてなる、[1]〜[4]のいずれかに記載の藻類防除剤。
[6]藻類が、藍藻類、緑藻類、黄緑藻類、および珪藻類からなる群から選択される1つ以上の藻類である、[1]〜[5]のいずれかに記載の藻類防除剤。
[7]平均粒径が、300〜10000μmである、[1]〜[6]のいずれかに記載の藻類防除剤。
[8](a)硫酸鉄(II)およびその水和物からなる群から選択される1つ以上の化合物;
(b)光合成細菌;および
(c)バチルス属細菌;
を有効成分として含有する湛水下水田用の藻類防除剤の製造方法であって、
(1)(a)を含むコアを調製し、
(2)(b)および(c)を含むコーティングを調製し、
(3)工程(1)で調製した(a)を含むコアの表面に、工程(2)で調製した(b)および(c)を含むコーティングを施してコア上にコーティング層を備える粒剤の形態とする、
上記藻類防除剤の製造方法。
[9]前記藻類防除剤は、
(d)フィッシュソルブル、廃蜜糖、カルボキシメチルセルロース、アルギン酸、およびデンプンからなる群から選択される1つ以上の結合剤;
をさらに含み、
(a)を含むコアと、(d)を含むバインダー層と、(b)および(c)を含むコーティング層とが積層されてなる、[8]に記載の藻類防除剤の製造方法。
[10][1]〜[7]のいずれかに記載の藻類防除剤を、藻類の発生前または発生後に、湛水下水田に直接散粒することにより、藻類の発生を防除する方法。
That is, the present invention includes, but is not limited to, the following aspects of the invention.
[1] (a) one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of iron (II) sulfate and hydrates thereof;
(B) photosynthetic bacteria; and (c) Bacillus bacteria;
An algae control agent for flooded sewage paddy fields containing as an active ingredient,
The algae control agent having a form of a granule comprising a core containing (a) and a coating layer containing (b) and (c).
[2] The algae control agent according to [1], wherein (a) is iron (II) sulfate heptahydrate.
[3] The algal control agent according to [1] or [2], wherein (c) is a combination of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus laterosporus.
[4] The coating layer is uniformly dispersed in one or more plant carriers selected from the group consisting of rice bran, bran, soybean meal and rapeseed oil cake, and (b) and (c) Algae control agent according to any one of [1] to [3].
[5] The algae control agent,
(D) one or more binders selected from the group consisting of fish solubil, waste bean sugar, carboxymethylcellulose, alginic acid, and starch;
Further including
Algae control according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein a core containing (a), a binder layer containing (d), and a coating layer containing (b) and (c) are laminated. Agent.
[6] The algae control agent according to any one of [1] to [5], wherein the algae is one or more algae selected from the group consisting of cyanobacteria, green algae, yellow green algae, and diatoms.
[7] The algae control agent according to any one of [1] to [6], wherein the average particle size is 300 to 10,000 μm.
[8] (a) one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of iron (II) sulfate and hydrates thereof;
(B) photosynthetic bacteria; and (c) Bacillus bacteria;
A method for producing an algae control agent for flooded sewage paddy fields containing as an active ingredient,
(1) preparing a core containing (a),
(2) preparing a coating comprising (b) and (c);
(3) On the surface of the core containing (a) prepared in step (1), the coating comprising (b) and (c) prepared in step (2) is applied, and a granule comprising a coating layer on the core Form
A method for producing the algae control agent.
[9] The algae control agent,
(D) one or more binders selected from the group consisting of fish solubil, waste bean sugar, carboxymethylcellulose, alginic acid, and starch;
Further including
The method for producing an algal control agent according to [8], wherein a core containing (a), a binder layer containing (d), and a coating layer containing (b) and (c) are laminated.
[10] A method for controlling the generation of algae by directly agglomerating the algae control agent according to any one of [1] to [7] to a flooded sewage paddy field before or after the generation of algae.
本発明によれば、湛水下水田に発生した藻類がすばやく分解・除去され、水質が浄化される。
また、水田に残留する硫酸鉄、光合成細菌およびバチルス属細菌の作用により、藻類の栄養源となるリン酸や有機分解物が継続的に除去されることから、持続的に藻類の防除効果を発揮し、水質をクリーンに保つことができる点でも有利である。
According to the present invention, algae generated in a flooded sewage field are quickly decomposed and removed, and the water quality is purified.
In addition, the action of iron sulfate, photosynthetic bacteria, and Bacillus bacteria remaining in the paddy field continuously removes phosphoric acid and organic degradation products, which are nutrients for algae. However, it is also advantageous in that the water quality can be kept clean.
さらに、硫酸鉄、光合成細菌およびバチルス属細菌は自然界に多く存在する物質・微生物であり、イネに対する安全性も高く、環境にも優しいという利点もある。 Furthermore, iron sulfate, photosynthetic bacteria, and Bacillus bacteria are substances / microorganisms that exist in nature, and have the advantages of high safety against rice and environmental friendliness.
以下、本発明の実施形態を例示する。
本発明の一態様である藻類防除剤は、湛水下水田に発生する藻類を防除するために用いられる。
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be exemplified.
The algal control agent which is one embodiment of the present invention is used to control algae generated in flooded sewage fields.
「藻類防除」とは、水田において発生するおそれのある藻類の予防、さらには水田においてすでに発生している藻類を駆除することを意味する。また「藻類」としては、例えば、藍藻類、緑藻類、黄緑藻類、珪藻類などが挙げられ、特にアオミドロ、アミミドロ、およびカナなどに対する防除効果を発揮する。 “Algae control” means the prevention of algae that may occur in paddy fields, and also the removal of algae already generated in paddy fields. Examples of the “algae” include cyanobacteria, green algae, yellow-green algae, diatoms, and the like, and in particular, exerts a controlling effect on blue-green algae, amymidro, kana and the like.
「湛水下水田」とは、移植栽培および直播栽培において通常行われる方法により水入れした湛水状態にある水田をいい、藻類が発生可能な程度に水を含んでいる水田も含む。
藻類防除剤は、(a)硫酸鉄(II)およびその水和物からなる群から選択される1つ以上の化合物;(b)光合成細菌;および(c)バチルス属細菌;を藻類防除の有効成分として含有する。硫酸鉄(II)に由来する鉄イオンの作用により藻類は枯死し、光合成細菌およびバチルス属細菌が枯死した藻類の残骸をすばやく分解することにより水を浄化し、藻の発生しないクリーンな状態を保つことが可能になる。すなわち、(a)、(b)および(c)を併用することで、速効性と持続性の高い藻類防除剤を提供することができる。
The “submerged sewage paddy field” refers to a paddy field in a submerged state filled with water by a method usually performed in transplantation cultivation and direct sowing cultivation, and includes a paddy field that contains water to the extent that algae can be generated.
The algae control agent comprises (a) one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of iron (II) sulfate and hydrates thereof; (b) a photosynthetic bacterium; and (c) a Bacillus bacterium; Contains as a component. Algae are killed by the action of iron ions derived from iron (II) sulfate, and water is purified by quickly decomposing the algae debris killed by photosynthetic bacteria and Bacillus bacteria to maintain a clean state free of algae It becomes possible. That is, by using (a), (b) and (c) in combination, it is possible to provide an algae control agent having high rapidity and high durability.
「硫酸鉄(II)(別名:硫酸第一鉄、化学式:FeSO4)およびその水和物(FeSO4・nH2O)」には、硫酸鉄(II)無水物、硫酸鉄(II)一水和物、硫酸鉄(II)四水和物、硫酸鉄(II)五水和物、および硫酸鉄(II)七水和物が含まれる。硫酸鉄(II)は、通常青緑色結晶の七水和物として存在し、天然には緑礬として産出されることから、(a)として硫酸鉄(II)七水和物を用いることが特に好ましい。藻類防除剤に含まれる(a)の量は、特に限定されないが、藻類防除剤全体量に対して80〜99.99重量%、好ましくは85〜99.5重量%、より好ましくは90〜99重量%である。(a)に由来する鉄イオンは、水中に存在するリン酸イオンと結合して水に不溶性のリン酸鉄として沈殿し、藻類の生育のために必要な栄養素であるリンの濃度を低下させ、藻類を枯死させるため、藻類の発生を防除するとともに、表層剥離の発生しにくい水質への改善にも寄与する。加えて、(a)に由来する鉄イオンは、メタンガス、硫化水素ガスなどの有毒ガスの削減にも効果的であることから、本発明の一態様である藻類防除剤は、秋落ちの原因となる硫化水素を除くための鉄分の補給としても有効である。 “Iron sulfate (II) (also known as ferrous sulfate, chemical formula: FeSO 4 ) and its hydrate (FeSO 4 .nH 2 O)” includes iron (II) sulfate anhydride, iron (II) sulfate Hydrates, iron (II) sulfate tetrahydrate, iron (II) sulfate pentahydrate, and iron (II) sulfate heptahydrate are included. Since iron (II) sulfate usually exists as heptahydrate of blue-green crystals and is naturally produced as green koji, it is particularly preferable to use iron (II) sulfate heptahydrate as (a). preferable. The amount of (a) contained in the algae control agent is not particularly limited, but is 80 to 99.99% by weight, preferably 85 to 99.5% by weight, more preferably 90 to 99%, based on the total amount of the algae control agent. % By weight. Iron ions derived from (a) bind to phosphate ions present in water and precipitate as iron phosphate insoluble in water, reducing the concentration of phosphorus, which is a nutrient necessary for algae growth, Since the algae are killed, the generation of algae is controlled, and it contributes to the improvement of water quality where surface peeling is unlikely to occur. In addition, since the iron ions derived from (a) are also effective in reducing toxic gases such as methane gas and hydrogen sulfide gas, the algal control agent of one embodiment of the present invention causes fallen autumn. It is also effective as a replenishment of iron to remove hydrogen sulfide.
「光合成細菌」とは、光合成を行う細菌をいい、例えば、紅色硫黄細菌、紅色非硫黄細菌、緑色硫黄細菌、緑色非硫黄細菌などが挙げられ、紅色非硫黄細菌を用いることが特に好ましい。紅色非硫黄細菌としては、ロードシユードモナス属(Rhodopseudomonas)であることがより好ましく、ロードシユードモナス パルストリス(Rhodopseudomonas palustris)、ロードシユードモナス キャブシュラァタス(Rhodopseudomonas capsulatus)であることが特に好ましい。(b)は、1種または2種以上の光合成細菌の組み合わせであってもよい。光合成細菌は、水田、沼、池などに生息するものを採取して公知の方法を用いて培養したものでもよく、商業的に入手したものでよく、例えば、光合成細菌の培養液として一般的に市販されている「PSB」(株式会社シマテック社製)を用いることもできる。培養液中の菌体濃度は、通常、生菌数1×107〜1×1011億個/gである。また、光合成細菌として、公知の担体(例えば、植物性担体)に担持させたものを用いることができる。藻類防除剤に含まれる(b)の量は、細菌の種類やその組み合わせによって異なるが、藻類防除作用を発揮するうえで十分な量を含んでいることが好ましく、当該技術分野における技術常識に従って、藻類防除剤の施用後に所定の体積当たりの水田中に所望の存在量となるように各条件を勘案し、決定すればよい。例えば、藻類防除剤中の(b)の含有量は、細菌の濃度として、通常、生菌数100〜1000000個/g、好ましくは、生菌数1000〜100000個/gの範囲にあればよい。 The “photosynthetic bacterium” refers to a bacterium that performs photosynthesis, and examples include a red sulfur bacterium, a red non-sulfur bacterium, a green sulfur bacterium, and a green non-sulfur bacterium. It is particularly preferable to use a red non-sulfur bacterium. As the red non-sulfur bacterium, Rhodopseudomonas is more preferable, and Rhodopseudomonas palustris and Rhodopseudomonas capsulatus are particularly preferable. preferable. (B) may be a combination of one or more photosynthetic bacteria. A photosynthetic bacterium may be one that is collected from paddy fields, swamps, ponds, etc. and cultured using a known method, or may be obtained commercially, for example, as a culture solution for photosynthetic bacteria. Commercially available “PSB” (manufactured by Shimatech Co., Ltd.) can also be used. Cell density in the culture medium is typically a few viable cells 1 × 10 7 ~1 × 10 11 billion / g. Moreover, what was carry | supported to the well-known support | carrier (for example, plant support | carrier) can be used as photosynthetic bacteria. The amount of (b) contained in the algae control agent varies depending on the type of bacteria and the combination thereof, but preferably contains a sufficient amount for exerting the algae control action, according to the common general technical knowledge in the technical field, What is necessary is just to consider and consider each condition so that it may become a desired abundance in the paddy field per predetermined volume after application of an algal control agent. For example, the content of (b) in the algal control agent is usually in the range of 100 to 1000000 live bacteria count / g, preferably 1000 to 100000 live bacteria count / g, as the bacterial concentration. .
「バチルス属(Bacillus)細菌」とは、芽胞を形成する偏性好気性または通性好気性のグラム陽性桿菌をいう。例えば、バチルス サブチリス(Bacillus subtilis)およびバチルス ラテロスポールス(Bacillus laterosporus)などが含まれる。(c)は、1種または2種以上のバチルス属細菌の組み合わせであってもよい。バチルス サブチリスは、有機物分解機能があることに加えて、植物に病害をもたらす病原菌と拮抗し、バチルス ラテロスポールスは、バチルス サブチリスにはない優れた有機物分解機能があり、またイネのイモチ病に効果があるため、バチルス属細菌は、バチルス サブチリスとバチルス ラテロスポールスとの組み合わせであることが好ましい。バチルス サブチリスとバチルス ラテロスポールスとの混合比は特に限定されないが、例えば、1:100〜100:1、好ましくは1:10〜10:1である。本発明において用いるバチルス属細菌は、土壌、枯草、塵埃、下水中などに生息するものを採取して培養したものでもよく、商業的に入手したものでもよい。培養液中の菌体濃度は、通常、生菌数1×107〜1×1011億個/gである。また、バチルス属細菌として、公知の担体(例えば、植物性担体)に担持させたものを用いることができる。藻類防除剤に含まれる(c)の量は、細菌の種類やその組み合わせによって異なるが、藻類防除作用を発揮するうえで十分な量を含んでいることが好ましく、当該技術分野における技術常識に従って、藻類防除剤の施用後に所定の体積当たりの水田中に所望の存在量となるように各条件を勘案し、決定すればよい。例えば、藻類防除剤中の(c)の含有量は、細菌の濃度として、通常、生菌数200〜2000000個/g、好ましくは、生菌数2000〜200000個/gの範囲にあればよい。 “Bacillus bacteria” refers to obligate aerobic or facultative aerobic Gram-positive rods that form spores. For example, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus laterosporus are included. (C) may be a combination of one or more Bacillus bacteria. Bacillus subtilis has the ability to decompose organic matter and antagonize pathogenic bacteria causing plant diseases.Bacillus laterosporus has an excellent organic matter decomposition function not found in Bacillus subtilis and is effective against rice blast disease. Therefore, the Bacillus bacterium is preferably a combination of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus laterosporus. Although the mixing ratio of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus laterosporus is not particularly limited, it is, for example, 1: 100 to 100: 1, preferably 1:10 to 10: 1. The Bacillus bacterium used in the present invention may be one obtained by collecting and cultivating one that inhabits soil, hay, dust, sewage, or the like, or may be one obtained commercially. Cell density in the culture medium is typically a few viable cells 1 × 10 7 ~1 × 10 11 billion / g. Moreover, what was carry | supported by the well-known support | carrier (for example, vegetable support | carrier) can be used as a Bacillus bacterium. The amount of (c) contained in the algae control agent varies depending on the type of bacteria and the combination thereof, but preferably contains a sufficient amount to exert an algae control action, according to the common general knowledge in the technical field, What is necessary is just to consider and consider each condition so that it may become a desired abundance in the paddy field per predetermined volume after application of an algal control agent. For example, the content of (c) in the algae control agent is usually within the range of 200 to 20000 / viable bacteria, preferably 2000 to 200000 / g as the concentration of bacteria. .
(b)光合成細菌および(c)バチルス属細菌は、(a)に含まれる鉄イオンの作用により枯死した藻類の残骸を分解することにより、水の浄化に寄与する。また、光合成細菌は、硫化水素発生の原因となる硫黄を栄養源とするため、硫化水素などの有毒ガスの削減にも効果的であることから、秋落ちなどの硫化水素による被害を防止することが可能となる。加えて、光合成細菌およびバチルス属細菌により腐熱が促進され、メタンガスなどのイネの生育を阻害する有害物質を削減することで、イネの根に対する被害を軽減する。(b)と(c)との混合比は特に限定されないが、(b):(c)が、例えば、1:200〜100:1、好ましくは1:20〜10:1である。 (B) Photosynthetic bacteria and (c) Bacillus bacteria contribute to the purification of water by decomposing alga debris that died by the action of iron ions contained in (a). In addition, since photosynthetic bacteria use sulfur, which causes hydrogen sulfide generation, as a nutrient source, it is also effective in reducing toxic gases such as hydrogen sulfide. Is possible. In addition, the photosynthetic bacteria and Bacillus bacteria accelerate the fever and reduce harmful substances that inhibit the growth of rice, such as methane gas, thereby reducing damage to rice roots. The mixing ratio of (b) and (c) is not particularly limited, but (b) :( c) is, for example, 1: 200 to 100: 1, preferably 1:20 to 10: 1.
藻類防除剤は、(a)を含むコアと(b)および(c)を含むコーティング層とを備える粒剤の形態を有する。(a)を含むコアにコーティングを施すことで、硫酸鉄(II)の酸化による劣化を防止するとともに、藻類防除剤が十分に広がったあとに水溶性の硫酸鉄(II)を溶出させることができる。 The algae control agent has a form of a granule comprising a core containing (a) and a coating layer containing (b) and (c). By coating the core containing (a), it is possible to prevent deterioration due to oxidation of iron (II) sulfate and to elute water-soluble iron (II) sulfate after the algal control agent has sufficiently spread. it can.
藻類防除剤の大きさは特に限定されないが、平均粒径が、300〜10000μm、好ましくは1000〜8000μm、より好ましくは2000〜6000μmである。粒径が小さい場合、散布の際に風に乗って製剤が飛ばされてムラができ、一方粒径が大きい場合、有効成分である(a)が溶出しづらくなり、迅速に藻類防除効果を発揮させることができないため、上記範囲とすることが好ましい。「平均粒径」とは、特に断りのない限り、メジアン径(メジアン径:累積分布50%相当粒子径)を示し、例えばレーザ回折式粒度分布測定装置により測定することができる。 Although the magnitude | size of an algal control agent is not specifically limited, An average particle diameter is 300-10000 micrometers, Preferably it is 1000-8000 micrometers, More preferably, it is 2000-6000 micrometers. When the particle size is small, the preparation is blown off in the wind at the time of spraying, resulting in unevenness. On the other hand, when the particle size is large, the active ingredient (a) is difficult to elute and quickly exerts algae control effect. Therefore, the above range is preferable. The “average particle diameter” means a median diameter (median diameter: cumulative distribution 50% equivalent particle diameter) unless otherwise specified, and can be measured by, for example, a laser diffraction particle size distribution measuring apparatus.
コアの大きさは、(a)の含有量やその他の成分の量によって異なるが、コアが硫酸鉄(II)七水和物のみで構成される場合、平均粒径が、250〜9500μm、好ましくは800〜7000μm、より好ましくは1800〜5500μmである。 The size of the core varies depending on the content of (a) and the amount of other components, but when the core is composed only of iron (II) sulfate heptahydrate, the average particle size is 250-9500 μm, preferably Is 800 to 7000 μm, more preferably 1800 to 5500 μm.
コーティング層は、植物性担体に(b)および(c)を分散させて調製することが好ましい。植物質担体は、特に限定されないが、例えば、米ぬか、ふすま、大豆ミール、およびナタネ油粕からなる群から選択される1つまたは2つ以上の組み合わせであり、好ましくは米ぬかである。植物質担体は、光合成細菌の培地として作用することから、光合成細菌を安定に保持することが可能になる。また、植物質担体は比較的軽く非水溶性であることから、浮遊性を付与して粒剤を水面に均一に拡散できるという利点がある。さらに、植物質担体は、比較的安価なものが多く、環境にも悪影響を与えにくい点で有利である。植物性担体の配合量は特に限定されないが、光合成細菌を安定に保持可能な程度に多く、粒剤の分散性を妨げない程度に少ない量である。したがって、コーティング層の配合量は、構成成分によって異なるが、例えば、藻類防除剤全体量に対して、0.01〜15.0重量%であり、好ましくは.0.1〜10.0重量%であり、より好ましくは0.5〜7.0重量%である。 The coating layer is preferably prepared by dispersing (b) and (c) in a vegetable carrier. The vegetable carrier is not particularly limited, and is, for example, one or a combination of two or more selected from the group consisting of rice bran, bran, soybean meal, and rapeseed meal, and is preferably rice bran. Since the plant material carrier acts as a medium for photosynthetic bacteria, it becomes possible to stably hold the photosynthetic bacteria. In addition, since the vegetable carrier is relatively light and water-insoluble, there is an advantage that the granules can be uniformly diffused on the water surface by imparting floatability. Furthermore, many plant-based carriers are advantageous in that they are relatively inexpensive and are less likely to adversely affect the environment. The blending amount of the vegetable carrier is not particularly limited, but it is large enough to stably hold photosynthetic bacteria and small enough not to disturb the dispersibility of the granules. Therefore, although the compounding quantity of a coating layer changes with structural components, it is 0.01-15.0 weight% with respect to the whole amount of algal control agents, for example, Preferably it is 0.1-10.0 weight%. More preferably, it is 0.5 to 7.0% by weight.
藻類防除剤は、(d)フィッシュソルブル、廃蜜糖、カルボキシメチルセルロース、アルギン酸、およびデンプンからなる群から選択される1つ以上の結合剤をさらに含んでもよく、結合剤としては、フィッシュソルブルまたは廃蜜糖が好ましい。(d)を含むバインダー層をコアの表面に形成させ、バインダー層を介してコーティング層を固着させることができる。 The algae control agent may further include one or more binders selected from the group consisting of (d) fish solubil, waste bean sugar, carboxymethyl cellulose, alginic acid, and starch. Or waste beet sugar is preferred. A binder layer containing (d) can be formed on the surface of the core, and the coating layer can be fixed via the binder layer.
「フィッシュソルブル」とは、魚類の加工場から出る頭、内臓の煮液から骨、鱗、油脂を取り除き、液状または乾燥させたものをいう。フィッシュソルブルの原料となる魚の種類や部位は特に限定されないが、例えば、カツオの頭、骨、内臓、皮などを原料とすることができる。フィッシュソルブルは、バインダー層としてそのまま用いてもよく、水などの液体、およびその他の成分と混合して用いてもよい。フィッシュソルブルは、可溶性タンパク質などを豊富に含むことから、イネの発育にもよい影響を与え、環境にも優しい。「廃蜜糖」とは、サトウキビやテンサイの糖蜜から、繰り返し砂糖を結晶させた後に残る粘度の高い液をいう。 “Fish solve” refers to a product obtained by removing bones, scales, and fats from the boiled liquid of the head and internal organs from a fish processing plant and liquid or dried. There are no particular limitations on the type and part of fish used as the raw material for fish solubil, but for example, the head, bone, internal organs, and skin of skipjack can be used as the raw material. Fish solve may be used as it is as a binder layer, or may be used as a mixture with a liquid such as water and other components. Fish Soluble is rich in soluble proteins and so on, so it has a positive effect on rice development and is also environmentally friendly. “Waste beet sugar” refers to a high-viscosity liquid after sugar is repeatedly crystallized from sugar cane and sugar beet molasses.
バインダー層の配合量は特に限定されないが、粒剤が分散した後で崩壊するよう、粒剤の分散性や崩壊性を妨げない量であることが好ましい。したがって、バインダー層の配合量は、構成成分によって異なるが、例えば、藻類防除剤全体量に対して、0.01〜10.0重量%であり、好ましくは0.1〜5.0重量%であり、より好ましくは0.5〜2.0重量%である。 Although the compounding quantity of a binder layer is not specifically limited, It is preferable that it is the quantity which does not prevent the dispersibility and disintegration of a granule so that it may disintegrate after a granule disperse | distributes. Therefore, although the compounding quantity of a binder layer changes with structural components, for example, it is 0.01-10.0 weight% with respect to the whole amount of algal control agents, Preferably it is 0.1-5.0 weight%. Yes, more preferably 0.5 to 2.0% by weight.
藻類防除剤は、上記成分に加え、イネに使用されている任意の殺藻成分、除藻成分、殺菌成分、殺虫成分、除草成分や、粒剤に通常配合される増量剤、結合剤、崩壊剤、分散剤、安定化剤、添加剤を、目的に応じてそれぞれ単独であるいは組み合わせて使用することができる。 In addition to the above ingredients, the algae control agent is any algaecidal component, algaecidal component, bactericidal component, insecticidal component, herbicidal component used in rice, bulking agents, binders, and disintegrations that are usually blended in granules Agents, dispersants, stabilizers and additives can be used alone or in combination depending on the purpose.
コアと各層の配合比は特に限定されないが、例えば、コア、コーティング層、任意のバインダー層の重量比(コアの重量:コーティング層の重量:バインダー層の重量)は、80〜99.99:0.01〜15:0.01〜10であり、好ましくは85〜99.5:0.1〜10:0.1〜5であり、より好ましくは90〜99:0.5〜7:0.5〜2である。 The mixing ratio of the core and each layer is not particularly limited. For example, the weight ratio of the core, coating layer, and optional binder layer (core weight: coating layer weight: binder layer weight) is 80 to 99.99: 0. 0.01 to 15: 0.01 to 10, preferably 85 to 99.5: 0.1 to 10: 0.1 to 5, more preferably 90 to 99: 0.5 to 7: 0. 5 to 2.
藻類防除剤の使用量や散布方法は、藻類の発生状況、発生時期、使用目的により適宜調整することができる。例えば、移植直後の富栄養化で藻類が発生した場合や、直播栽培の入水後に藻類が発生した場合に、水質の浄化を目的に使用する場合、スポット処理で1.0〜6.0kg/100m2、好ましくは2.0〜5.0kg/100m2、より好ましくは2.0〜3.0kg/100m2を散布し、全面処理で2.0〜8.0kg/100m2、好ましくは3.0〜7.0kg/100m2、より好ましくは2.5〜6.0g/100m2散布する。散布方法は、処理方法や散布範囲により適宜選択することができるが、手または動力散布機で全面またはスポット散布してもよく、容器中で藻類防除剤を水に浸漬させ、必要に応じて撹拌後に水田に流し込んでもよい。 The amount of algae control agent used and the method of spraying can be appropriately adjusted according to the algae generation status, generation timing, and purpose of use. For example, when algae are generated by eutrophication immediately after transplantation, or when algae are generated after receiving water for direct sowing cultivation, 1.0 to 6.0 kg / 100 m by spot treatment when used for the purpose of water purification. 2, preferably 2.0~5.0kg / 100m 2, more preferably sparged with 2.0~3.0kg / 100m 2, 2.0~8.0kg / 100m 2 on the entire surface treatment, preferably 3. 0 to 7.0 kg / 100 m 2 , more preferably 2.5 to 6.0 g / 100 m 2 is sprayed. The spraying method can be appropriately selected depending on the treatment method and the spraying range, but it may be sprayed over the entire surface or spot by hand or with a power sprayer, and the algal control agent is immersed in water in a container and stirred as necessary. It may be poured into paddy fields later.
藻類防除剤の製造方法は特に限定されず、農業用粒剤を調製するために使用される一般的な方法により調製することができる。例えば、(1)(a)を含むコアを調製する工程;(2)(b)および(c)を含むコーティング組成物を調製する工程;(3)工程(1)で調製した(a)を含むコアの表面に、工程(2)で調製した(b)および(c)を含むコーティング組成物を施してコア上にコーティング層を備える粒剤の形態とする工程;により藻類防除剤を製造することができる。場合によっては、工程(3)の前に、(4)(d)を含むバインダー組成物を調製し、工程(1)で調製した(a)を含むコアの表面に、調製したバインダー組成物と、工程(2)で調製した(b)および(c)を含むコーティング組成物とを施して、コア上にバインダー層とコーティング層を備える粒剤の形態とする工程;をさらに含むことで、バインダー層を介してコーティング層をコアに固着させてもよい。 The production method of the algae control agent is not particularly limited, and can be prepared by a general method used for preparing agricultural granules. For example, (1) a step of preparing a core containing (a); (2) a step of preparing a coating composition containing (b) and (c); (3) (a) prepared in step (1) An algae control agent is produced by applying the coating composition containing (b) and (c) prepared in step (2) to the surface of the containing core to form a granule having a coating layer on the core; be able to. In some cases, before step (3), a binder composition containing (4) (d) is prepared, and the prepared binder composition and the surface of the core containing (a) prepared in step (1) A step of applying the coating composition containing (b) and (c) prepared in step (2) to form a granule having a binder layer and a coating layer on the core; The coating layer may be fixed to the core via the layer.
より具体的には、工程(1)において、(a)と任意の添加剤とを混合し、任意の造粒・乾燥・整粒工程を経てコアを調製する。つぎに、工程(2)において、植物性担体(例えば、米ぬか)に(b)および(c)を添加してコーティング層を調製する。さらに、工程(3)において、調製したコアを、撹拌混合機に仕込み、必要に応じて調製したバインダーを加えてコアの表面にバインダー層を施した後に、上記で調製したコーティングを加えてさらに攪拌し、粒の表面にコーティング層を施すことができる。必要に応じて、任意の増量剤、結合剤、崩壊剤、分散剤、安定化剤、添加剤を加えることもできる。任意の殺藻成分、除藻成分、殺菌成分、殺虫成分、除草成分と組み合わせて使用する場合、一緒に製剤化して粒剤としてもよく、任意の追加の有効成分と本剤とを順番に散布することもできる。 More specifically, in step (1), (a) and an optional additive are mixed, and a core is prepared through an optional granulation, drying, and sizing step. Next, in step (2), (b) and (c) are added to a vegetable carrier (eg, rice bran) to prepare a coating layer. Furthermore, in step (3), the prepared core is charged into a stirring mixer, and the binder prepared as necessary is added to form a binder layer on the surface of the core. Then, the coating prepared above is added and further stirred. Then, a coating layer can be applied to the surface of the grains. Any extender, binder, disintegrant, dispersant, stabilizer, additive can be added as required. When used in combination with any algae-killing ingredient, algae-killing ingredient, bactericidal ingredient, insecticidal ingredient, herbicidal ingredient, it may be formulated together and used as a granule, and any additional active ingredient and this drug are sprayed in order You can also
以下、本発明を実施例に基づき詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれらに限定されるもので
はない。
実施例1:藻類防除効果の評価
[粒剤の調製]
結晶形態の硫酸鉄(II)七水和物(ZUNZI CHEMICAL INTERNATIONAL CO., LTD.製、平均粒径:3000〜6000μm)を粒剤のコアとして使用した。光合成細菌(商品名:Photosynthetic bacteria、CANGZHOU TIANYU FEED ADDITIVE CO.,LTD.製、菌体濃度:生菌数10〜12億個/g)(1g)とバチルス属細菌(商品名:UNIGROW、Dongguan Baode Biological Engineering Co.,Ltd. (WINNERWAY)製、バチルス サブチリスの菌体濃度:生菌数10〜12億個/g、バチルス ラテロスポールスの菌体濃度:生菌数10〜12億個/g)(2g)を米ぬか(5kg)に均一に分散させ、コーティング組成物を調製した。つぎに、撹拌混合機にコア(100kg)を仕込み、フィッシュソルブル((株)焼津マリーンセンター製)(1kg)を加えて、コアの表面にフィッシュソルブルが均一に固着するよう混合したあと、撹拌混合機に調製したコーティング組成物をさらに添加し、コーティングがコアにバインダーを介して均一に固着するようにさらに混合した。得られた粒状固形物を、45℃で2時間乾燥させ粒剤1を得た。
EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although this invention is demonstrated in detail based on an Example, this invention is not limited to these.
Example 1: Evaluation of algae control effect [Preparation of granules]
Crystalline iron sulfate (II) heptahydrate (manufactured by ZUNZI CHEMICAL INTERNATIONAL CO., LTD., Average particle size: 3000 to 6000 μm) was used as the core of the granule. Photosynthetic bacteria (trade name: Photosynthetic bacteria, manufactured by CANGZHOU TIANYU FEED ADDITIVE CO., LTD., Cell concentration: live cell count: 1 to 1.2 billion / g) (1 g) and Bacillus bacteria (trade names: UNIGROW, Dongguan Baode (Biological Engineering Co., Ltd. (WINNERWAY), Bacillus subtilis cell concentration: 10 to 1.2 billion viable cells, Bacillus laterosporus cell concentration: 10 to 1.2 billion viable cells) (2 g) was uniformly dispersed in rice bran (5 kg) to prepare a coating composition. Next, after adding the core (100 kg) to the stirring mixer, adding Fish Soluble (manufactured by Yaizu Marine Center Co., Ltd.) (1 kg), and mixing so that the Fish Solver is uniformly fixed on the surface of the core. The prepared coating composition was further added to the stirring mixer, and further mixed so that the coating was uniformly fixed to the core via the binder. The obtained granular solid was dried at 45 ° C. for 2 hours to obtain granules 1.
[評価方法]
藻が繁殖した湛水下水田(A〜C区:各100m2)について、A区およびB区には調製した粒剤1(2kg)を手で均一になるようにそれぞれ直接散布した。C区はB区の隣接水田であり、対照水田として、粒剤1を散布せずに藻の繁殖状態の観察を行った。散布前後の藻類の繁殖状態を表1に示し、藻類の防除効果を視覚的に確認し、専門家5名が次の評価基準に従って判定した:評価1(田面全体に藻類が発生)、評価2(田面の約80%に藻類が発生)、評価3(田面の約50%に藻類が発生)、評価4(田面の20%に藻類が発生)、評価5(田面に藻類の繁殖がほぼ見られない)。
[Evaluation method]
About the flooded sewage paddy field (AC area: each 100m < 2 >) in which the algae was propagated, the prepared granule 1 (2 kg) was directly sprayed by the hand so that it might become uniform. C ward is an adjacent paddy field of B ward, and as a control paddy field, the algae breeding state was observed without spraying granules 1. Table 1 shows the algae breeding conditions before and after spraying, visually confirming the control effect of algae, and five experts determined according to the following evaluation criteria: Evaluation 1 (algae occurs on the whole surface), Evaluation 2 (Algae occur in about 80% of the surface), evaluation 3 (algae occur in about 50% of the surface), evaluation 4 (algae occur in 20% of the surface), evaluation 5 (algal growth almost seen on the surface) Not possible).
[評価結果] [Evaluation results]
図1の写真から確認できるように、水田A区では、散布前には稲株が見えないほど藻の発生が見られたが、処理翌日には膜が崩れ、処理6日後には稲株がはっきり見えるようになった。図2の写真から確認できるように、水田B区では、散布前には田面は藻で覆われ、土壌が見えない状態だったが、処理翌日には水質が改善され、土壌が見えるようになった。また、水田B区とC区での藻の発生状況を比較した図2および3の写真から確認できるように、水田B区では処理1日後から水質が改善され、処理2日後には稲株がはっきり見えるようになったのに対し、粒剤1を用いなかった水田C区では、処理1日後の田面は藻で覆われたままであり、処理2日後にはさらに藻が繁殖した。一方で、水田A〜C区のイネの生育状況に変化はなく、粒剤1がイネに対する薬害がないことも確認された。粒剤1は、水田への散布が非常に簡単であるとともに、迅速に効果を発揮することが明らかとなった。また、湛水下水田における藻類の発生を抑制し水質を大幅に改善することから、表層剥離などのその他の水質汚染に起因する水稲栽培における悪影響の発生も防止することが可能である。さらには、有効成分の硫酸鉄(II)、光合成細菌およびバチルス属細菌は自然界に存在する成分であることからも、環境に対する影響が小さい点でも有利である。 As can be seen from the photograph in FIG. 1, in the paddy field A, the algae was generated so that the rice strain could not be seen before spraying, but the membrane collapsed the day after the treatment, and the rice strain was found 6 days after the treatment. I can see clearly. As can be seen from the picture in Fig. 2, in the paddy field B, the field surface was covered with algae and the soil was not visible before spraying, but the water quality improved and the soil became visible the day after treatment. It was. In addition, as can be confirmed from the photographs in FIGS. 2 and 3 that compare the algae generation status in the paddy fields B and C, the water quality is improved in the paddy field B after one day of treatment, and the rice plant In the paddy field C where the granule 1 was not used, the surface of the paddy field after 1 day of treatment remained covered with algae, and algae further propagated after 2 days of treatment. On the other hand, it was also confirmed that there was no change in the growth status of rice in paddy fields A to C, and that granule 1 had no phytotoxicity to rice. It has been clarified that the granule 1 is very easy to spray on paddy fields and exhibits an effect quickly. Moreover, since the generation of algae in the flooded sewage paddy field is suppressed and the water quality is greatly improved, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of adverse effects in paddy rice cultivation due to other water pollution such as surface peeling. Furthermore, since iron (II) sulfate, photosynthetic bacteria and Bacillus bacteria, which are active ingredients, are components that exist in nature, they are advantageous in that they have a small impact on the environment.
硫酸鉄(II)、光合成細菌およびバチルス属細菌を組み合わせて用いることで、湛水下水田に発生する藻類を効果的に防除できる技術を提供することができる。 By using a combination of iron (II) sulfate, photosynthetic bacteria, and Bacillus bacteria, it is possible to provide a technique that can effectively control algae generated in flooded sewage paddy fields.
Claims (10)
(b)光合成細菌;および
(c)バチルス属細菌;
を有効成分として含有する湛水下水田用の藻類防除剤であって、
(a)を含むコアと(b)および(c)を含むコーティング層とを備える粒剤の形態を有する、上記藻類防除剤。 (A) one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of iron (II) sulfate and hydrates thereof;
(B) photosynthetic bacteria; and (c) Bacillus bacteria;
An algae control agent for flooded sewage paddy fields containing as an active ingredient,
The algae control agent having a form of a granule comprising a core containing (a) and a coating layer containing (b) and (c).
(d)フィッシュソルブル、廃蜜糖、カルボキシメチルセルロース、アルギン酸、およびデンプンからなる群から選択される1つ以上の結合剤;
をさらに含み、
(a)を含むコアと、(d)を含むバインダー層と、(b)および(c)を含むコーティング層とが積層されてなる、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の藻類防除剤。 The algae control agent is
(D) one or more binders selected from the group consisting of fish solubil, waste bean sugar, carboxymethylcellulose, alginic acid, and starch;
Further including
The algae control according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a core containing (a), a binder layer containing (d), and a coating layer containing (b) and (c) are laminated. Agent.
(b)光合成細菌;および
(c)バチルス属細菌;
を有効成分として含有する湛水下水田用の藻類防除剤の製造方法であって、
(1)(a)を含むコアを調製し、
(2)(b)および(c)を含むコーティングを調製し、
(3)工程(1)で調製した(a)を含むコアの表面に、工程(2)で調製した(b)および(c)を含むコーティングを施してコア上にコーティング層を備える粒剤の形態とする、
上記藻類防除剤の製造方法。 (A) one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of iron (II) sulfate and hydrates thereof;
(B) photosynthetic bacteria; and (c) Bacillus bacteria;
A method for producing an algae control agent for flooded sewage paddy fields containing as an active ingredient,
(1) preparing a core containing (a),
(2) preparing a coating comprising (b) and (c);
(3) On the surface of the core containing (a) prepared in step (1), the coating comprising (b) and (c) prepared in step (2) is applied, and a granule comprising a coating layer on the core Form
A method for producing the algae control agent.
(d)フィッシュソルブル、廃蜜糖、カルボキシメチルセルロース、アルギン酸、およびデンプンからなる群から選択される1つ以上の結合剤;
をさらに含み、
(a)を含むコアと、(d)を含むバインダー層と、(b)および(c)を含むコーティング層とが積層されてなる、請求項8に記載の藻類防除剤の製造方法。 The algae control agent is
(D) one or more binders selected from the group consisting of fish solubil, waste bean sugar, carboxymethylcellulose, alginic acid, and starch;
Further including
The manufacturing method of the algae control agent of Claim 8 formed by laminating | stacking the core containing (a), the binder layer containing (d), and the coating layer containing (b) and (c).
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