JP2017205028A - Irrigation control system for cultivating high sugar content fruit, irrigation control device used therefor, and irrigation control method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an irrigation control system for cultivating high sugar content fruit efficiently with high accuracy, an irrigation control device used therefor, and a method for controlling the irrigation.SOLUTION: According to the present invention, an irrigation control system comprises: a soil sensor for measuring the moisture content of soil planted with a fruit crop to be cultivated; an illuminance sensor for measuring illuminance in the vicinity of the crop; a regular irrigation control unit that performs a predetermined amount of irrigation at a plurality of fixed times within a first time period defined in a day; and an automatic irrigation control unit that performs, within a second time period after the first time period, based on a difference between a maximum value and a minimum value of the moisture amount of the soil measured within the first time period and an illuminance measured by the illuminance sensor, calculation of a threshold value of the soil moisture amount for judging whether or not irrigation is necessary and a predetermined amount of irrigation when the soil moisture amount measured by the soil sensor is equal to or less than the calculated threshold value.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to an irrigation control system for cultivating high sugar content fruits, an irrigation control device used therefor, and an irrigation control method.

  As is well known for the cultivation of fruits, the quality can be improved by controlling the amount of irrigation during the cultivation process. In view of this, an irrigation control system that stably cultivates high-quality fruits by supplying a necessary amount of irrigation to the crop by using an irrigation device having a function of automatically adjusting the amount of irrigation to the crop Is widely used.

Japanese Patent No. 4036638 Japanese Patent No. 5559897

  Among tomatoes, it is known that tomatoes increase sugar content by cultivating them with as little water as possible. However, there is a problem that the amount of irrigation is very difficult and control by the irrigation control system is difficult because the soil dries out if there is too little water.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide an irrigation control system for cultivating high sugar content fruits with high accuracy and high efficiency, and an irrigation control device and an irrigation control method used therefor.

  The irrigation control system for cultivating high sugar content fruit of the present invention for achieving the above object includes a soil sensor for measuring the amount of water in the soil in which the crop that is the fruit to be grown is planted, and the illuminance in the vicinity of the crop An illuminance sensor that measures irrigation, a scheduled irrigation control unit that performs irrigation of a predetermined amount at a plurality of fixed times within a first time period determined in one day, and a second after the end of the first time period In the time zone, the necessity of irrigation is determined based on the difference between the maximum and minimum values of the moisture content of the soil measured in the first time zone and the illuminance measured by the illuminance sensor. And an automatic irrigation control unit that performs irrigation of a predetermined amount when the soil moisture amount measured by the soil sensor is equal to or less than the calculated threshold value.

  The irrigation control device for cultivating high sugar content fruits of the present invention includes a soil sensor that measures the amount of water in the soil in which the crop that is the fruit to be cultivated is planted, and an illuminance sensor that measures the illuminance near the crop. In the irrigation control device connected to the irrigation control device, a scheduled irrigation control unit that performs a predetermined amount of irrigation at a plurality of fixed times within a first time period determined in one day, and after the end of the first time period In the second time zone, based on the difference between the maximum and minimum values of the soil moisture measured in the first time zone and the illuminance measured by the illuminance sensor, the necessity of irrigation is determined. A soil moisture amount threshold value for determination is calculated, and when the soil moisture amount measured by the soil sensor is equal to or less than the calculated threshold value, an automatic irrigation control unit that performs irrigation of a predetermined amount is provided. To do.

  In addition, the irrigation control method for cultivating high-sugar fruits of the present invention includes a soil sensor that measures the amount of water in the soil in which the crop that is the fruit to be grown is planted, and an illuminance sensor that measures the illuminance in the vicinity of the crop A step of irrigating a predetermined amount at a plurality of fixed times within a first time zone determined in one day, and a second after the end of the first time zone. In order to determine whether or not irrigation is necessary based on the difference between the maximum and minimum values of the moisture content of the soil measured in the first time zone and the illuminance measured by the illuminance sensor during the time zone And calculating a predetermined amount of water when the soil moisture measured by the soil sensor is equal to or less than the calculated threshold.

  According to the irrigation control system of the present invention, and the irrigation control apparatus and irrigation control method used therefor, it is possible to cultivate high sugar content fruits with high accuracy and high efficiency.

It is a whole view showing composition of an irrigation control system by one embodiment. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the irrigation control apparatus utilized for the irrigation control system by one Embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows operation | movement of the irrigation control apparatus utilized for the irrigation control system by one Embodiment. It is a graph which shows the change of the soil moisture content measured with the irrigation control apparatus utilized for the irrigation control system by one Embodiment.

As one embodiment of the present invention, an irrigation control system mounted for growing a high sugar content tomato having a sugar content of 8 or more while suppressing the amount of irrigation in a facility will be described.
<Configuration of irrigation control system according to one embodiment>
A configuration of an irrigation control system according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

  The irrigation control system 1 according to the present embodiment is connected to the soil sensors 10-1, 10-2, 10-3 and the soil sensor 10-2 respectively installed in the soil where the tomato seedlings T1, T2, and T3 are planted. Connected to the first repeater 20-1, the soil sensors 10-2 and 10-3 and the second repeater 20-2 connected to the first repeater 20-1, and tomato seedlings T1, T2 And the illuminance sensor 30 installed in the vicinity of T3, the irrigation control device 40 connected to the first repeater 20-1 and the illuminance sensor 30, the irrigation device 50 connected to the irrigation control device 40, and the irrigation control A remote monitoring server 60 wirelessly connected to the apparatus 40.

  The soil sensors 10-1, 10-2, and 10-3 each have a predetermined time interval (for example, several minutes to several tens of minutes) of the moisture content of the soil in which the tomato seedlings T1, T2, and T3 to be cultivated are planted. Measure with

  The 1st repeater 20-1 acquires the measured value of the moisture content of the soil measured with the soil sensor 10-1, and transmits to the irrigation control apparatus 40. The second repeater 20-2 acquires the measured value of the moisture content of the soil measured by the soil sensors 10-2 and 10-3 and transmits it to the irrigation control device 40.

  The illuminance sensor 30 measures the illuminance in the vicinity of the planted tomato seedlings T1, T2, and T3 at predetermined time intervals (for example, several minutes to several tens of minutes).

  As shown in FIG. 2, the irrigation control device 40 includes a timing unit 41, a measurement value acquisition unit 42, an irrigation control unit 43, a parameter setting unit 44, an input / output unit 45, and a monitoring information transmission unit 46. Have.

  The time measuring unit 41 is an internal clock of the irrigation control device 40 and measures the current date and time. The measured value acquisition unit 42 is a measured value of the soil moisture content by the soil sensor 10-1 transmitted from the first repeater 20-1, and the soil sensors 10-2 and 10- transmitted from the second repeater 20-2. 3 and the illuminance measurement value obtained by the illuminance sensor 30 are acquired.

  The irrigation controller 43 includes a forced irrigation controller 431, a scheduled irrigation controller 432, and an automatic irrigation controller 433. The forced irrigation control unit 431 causes the irrigation apparatus 50 to perform a predetermined amount of irrigation at a preset time near the sunrise time and a preset time near the sunset time. The scheduled irrigation control unit 432 causes a predetermined amount of irrigation to be executed from the irrigation apparatus 50 at a plurality of preset fixed times within a first time zone after forced irrigation near the sunrise time. The automatic irrigation control unit 433 sets the maximum and minimum values of the moisture content of the soil measured in the first time zone within the second time zone before forced irrigation near the sunset time from the end of the first time zone. Based on the difference between the illuminance and the illuminance measured by the illuminance sensor 30, a threshold value of the soil moisture amount for determining the necessity of irrigation is calculated. Then, when the soil moisture content measured by any of the soil sensors 10-1 to 10-3 is equal to or less than the calculated threshold value, a predetermined amount of irrigation is performed on the corresponding soil.

  The parameter setting unit 44 sets the average sunrise time and average sunset time for each month regarding the place where the irrigation control system 1 is installed, the average solar radiation angle for each month, and the timing for forced irrigation by the forced irrigation control unit 431. Information (elapsed time from sunrise and time going back from sunset), and based on the held information, the forced irrigation control unit 431 performs forced irrigation, and the scheduled irrigation control unit 432 The number and time of irrigation, the information indicating the threshold value of the soil moisture amount for each illuminance and the upper limit of the number of automatic irrigation used when the forced irrigation control unit 431 determines whether or not forced irrigation is necessary. It sets to the irrigation control part 43 as a parameter every month.

  The input / output unit 45 is configured by a touch panel or the like, displays information set in the parameter setting unit 44, and inputs change information of information set based on the operation of the monitor.

  When the monitoring information transmission unit 46 detects an abnormality in the soil moisture measurement value or the illuminance measurement value acquired by the measurement value acquisition unit 42 or the irrigation operation performed by the irrigation control unit 43, the monitoring information transmission unit 46 performs wireless communication. Abnormality notification information is transmitted to the external remote monitoring server 60.

  The irrigation apparatus 50 performs irrigation from the tube 51 to the tomato seedlings T1, T2, and T3 under the control of the irrigation control apparatus 40. When the remote monitoring server 60 receives the abnormality notification information from the irrigation control device 40, the remote monitoring server 60 transmits an alarm notification to the connected maintenance system or the customer-side management system as necessary.

In addition, the irrigation control system 1 is configured to open and close the window 71, open and close the curtain 72 for shading and keeping warm, a cooler 73, a heater 74, in order to appropriately maintain an internal temperature environment suitable for crop growth. It has a device for controlling the electric fan 75, the illumination 76, etc., and a sensor 77 for measuring temperature, humidity, and CO ₂ concentration used for these controls (see FIG. 1).
<Operation of the irrigation control system according to one embodiment>
Next, operation | movement of the irrigation control system 1 by this embodiment is demonstrated. In the present embodiment, the parameter setting unit 44 of the irrigation control device 40 of the irrigation control system 1 includes the average sunrise time and average sunset time for each month and the average solar radiation angle for each month regarding the place where the irrigation control system 1 is installed. And information for setting the timing of forced irrigation by the forced irrigation control unit 431 (elapsed time from sunrise and information of time going back from sunset) is held in advance.

  Then, based on the stored information, for each month, the forced irrigation control unit 431 performs forced irrigation, the number and time of the regular irrigation control unit 432 perform regular irrigation, and the automatic irrigation control unit 433 requires automatic irrigation. The formula for calculating the threshold value of the soil moisture amount for each illuminance and the upper limit value of the number of automatic irrigation, which are used when determining whether or not, are set in the irrigation control unit 43 by the parameter setting unit 44 as parameters of irrigation control.

  Specifically, two times of forced irrigation by the forced irrigation control unit 431 are set, that is, a time when a preset time has elapsed from the sunrise time and a time retroactive to the preset time from the sunset time. .

  In addition, the number and the time of timed irrigation by the scheduled irrigation control unit 432 are set to appropriate values based on the average sunrise time and average sunset time of the month. For example, in winter, the sunrise time is late and the sunset time is early and the sunshine time is short, so the number of times of regular irrigation is reduced and an appropriate irrigation time according to the sunshine time is set. An appropriate irrigation time is set according to the sunshine hours as it increases.

  Moreover, the calculation formula of the threshold value of the soil moisture amount for each illuminance and the upper limit value of the number of automatic irrigation used when the automatic irrigation control unit 433 determines whether or not automatic irrigation is necessary are based on the average solar radiation angle for each month. A suitable value is set. For example, since the solar radiation angle is small in winter, the soil moisture threshold is set for each low illuminance range and the upper limit of the number of automatic irrigation is set low. The threshold value is set for each high value illuminance range, and the upper limit value of the number of times of automatic irrigation is set high.

The threshold value of the soil moisture amount for each illuminance is set so as to be calculated by, for example, the following formulas (1) to (4).
[Equation 1]
When 20000 lux ≤ illuminance measurement value,
Threshold = minimum value + (maximum value−minimum value) × 0.52 (1)
When 10000 lux ≤ Illuminance measurement <20000 lux,
Threshold = minimum value + (maximum value−minimum value) × 0.48 (2)
When 5000 lux ≤ Illuminance measurement <10000 lux,
Threshold = minimum value + (maximum value−minimum value) × 0.45 (3)
0 lux ≤ illuminance measurement <5000 lux,
Threshold = minimum value + (maximum value−minimum value) × 0.42 (4)
In the above formulas (1) to (4), the “minimum value” is the minimum value of the soil moisture content in the first time zone, and the “maximum value” is the maximum value of the soil moisture content in the first time zone. It is. Moreover, the value (%) which shows the ratio multiplied by the difference of the maximum value and the minimum value in this formula (1)-(4), and the value which shows the range of illumination intensity are managers according to cultivation environment. The input / output unit 45 can be changed as appropriate.

  When the irrigation control system 1 operates in a state in which these pieces of information are set, the water content of the soil where the tomato seedling T1 to be cultivated is planted in the soil sensor 10-1 at a predetermined time interval (for example, several minutes to several tens of minutes) The measured value is sequentially transmitted to the irrigation control device 40 via the first repeater 20-1. Moreover, in the soil sensors 10-2 and 10-2, the moisture content of the soil where the tomato seedlings T2 and T3 to be cultivated are planted is measured at predetermined time intervals, and the measured value is passed through the second repeater 20-2. Sequentially transmitted to the irrigation control device 40. In the illuminance sensor 30, the illuminance in the vicinity of the planted tomato seedlings T1, T2, and T3 is measured at predetermined time intervals (for example, several minutes to several tens of minutes), and the measured values are sequentially supplied to the irrigation control device 40. Sent.

  A process executed by the irrigation control device 40 during the day during the operation of the irrigation control system 1 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

  In the irrigation control device 40, the soil moisture content measurement value and the illuminance measurement value received at predetermined time intervals are sequentially acquired by the measurement value acquisition unit 42 of the irrigation control device 40 (S1). Moreover, it is determined by the irrigation control part 43 whether the time of the forced irrigation set around the sunrise time has come by the time measurement of the time measuring part 41 (S2).

  When it is determined that the time for forced irrigation has arrived (“YES” in S2), the forced irrigation control unit 431 generates a irrigation instruction in a predetermined amount for forced irrigation and transmits it to the irrigation apparatus 50. The In the irrigation apparatus 50, forced irrigation to the tomato seedlings T1, T2, and T3 is executed based on the received irrigation instruction (S3).

  Next, when the first time zone set after forced irrigation arrives (“YES” in S4), the timed irrigation control unit 432 sets the timed irrigation at a plurality of preset time points, respectively. A quantity of irrigation instructions is generated and transmitted to the irrigation device 50. The irrigation apparatus 50 performs irrigation on the tomato seedlings T1, T2, and T3 each time an irrigation instruction is received (S5).

  Next, when the second time zone set before forced irrigation near the sunset time from the end of the first time zone arrives (“YES” in S6), the automatic irrigation control unit 433 performs the above-described formulas (1) to (4). ), The maximum and minimum values of soil moisture in the first time zone, and the current measured illuminance value, the threshold of soil moisture is calculated, and any of the soil sensors 10-1 to 10-3 is calculated. It is determined whether or not the soil moisture content measured in step S is less than or equal to the calculated threshold value (S7).

  For example, as shown in FIG. 4, when the maximum value of the soil moisture amount in the first time zone is 15.5%, the minimum value is 11.0%, and the current illuminance measurement value is 19000 lux, The threshold value of the soil moisture content is calculated as 11.0+ (15.5-11.0) × 0.48 = 13.16% based on the corresponding equation (2). Then, it is determined whether or not the current soil moisture content is equal to or less than the calculated threshold value 13.16%.

  Here, when there is soil determined that the current soil water content is equal to or less than the calculated threshold (“YES” in S7), a predetermined amount of watering instruction is generated for the corresponding tomato seedling, and the watering device 50. In the irrigation apparatus 50, when the irrigation instruction is received, irrigation is performed on the corresponding tomato seedling (S8).

  The automatic irrigation by the processes in steps S7 and S8 described above is repeated at predetermined time intervals until the second time period is completed. At that time, when the number of automatic irrigation reaches the upper limit of the number of automatic irrigation set by the parameter setting unit 44, the automatic irrigation control is stopped.

  When the second time period ends and the time of forced irrigation set near the sunset time arrives (“YES” in S9), the forced irrigation control unit 431 generates a predetermined amount of irrigation instructions, and the irrigation apparatus 50 Sent. In the irrigation apparatus 50, forced irrigation to the tomato seedlings T1, T2, and T3 is executed based on the received irrigation instruction (S10).

  According to the above embodiment, high sugar content fruits are cultivated efficiently and with high accuracy by performing fine irrigation control according to the sunshine hours for each month, the illuminance at the time of measurement, the amount of soil moisture, and the like. be able to.

  In the above-described embodiment, when the number of irrigation on the previous day by the irrigation control unit 43 is less than a predetermined value and the current measured illuminance value by the illuminance sensor 30 is higher than the predetermined value, the tomato seedlings absorb a lot of moisture. Therefore, irrigation within the first time zone by the scheduled irrigation control unit 432 on that day may be added a predetermined number of times.

  In addition, in embodiment mentioned above, although the case where irrigation to a tomato seedling was controlled by an irrigation control system was demonstrated, the target crop is not limited to a tomato, The crop which increases the sugar content of a fruit by controlling irrigation If so, it is possible to apply the system.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Irrigation control system 10-1, 10-2, 10-3 Soil sensor 20-1 1st repeater 20-2 2nd repeater 30 Illuminance sensor 40 Irrigation control apparatus 41 Time measuring part 42 Measurement value acquisition part 43 Irrigation control part 44 Parameter Setting Unit 45 Input / Output Unit 46 Monitoring Information Transmitting Unit 50 Irrigation Device 51 Pipe 60 Remote Monitoring Server 431 Forced Irrigation Control Unit 432 Regular Irrigation Control Unit 433 Automatic Irrigation Control Unit

Claims (8)

A soil sensor that measures the moisture content of the soil in which the crops that are the fruits of the cultivation are planted,
An illuminance sensor for measuring the illuminance in the vicinity of the crop;
A regular irrigation control unit that performs a predetermined amount of irrigation at a plurality of fixed times within a first time period determined in one day;
In the second time zone after the end of the first time zone, the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the moisture content of the soil measured in the first time zone, and the illuminance measured by the illuminance sensor Based on the above, an automatic irrigation that calculates a threshold value of the soil moisture amount for determining the necessity of irrigation and performs irrigation of a predetermined amount when the soil moisture amount measured by the soil sensor is equal to or less than the calculated threshold value An irrigation control system for cultivating a high sugar content fruit comprising a control unit. Measured value of soil moisture measured by the soil sensor, measured illuminance value measured by the illuminance sensor, irrigation operation performed by the regular irrigation control unit, or executed by the automatic irrigation control unit The irrigation control system for cultivating high sugar content fruit according to claim 1, further comprising a remote monitoring device that outputs abnormality notification information when an abnormality is detected in the irrigation operation. In the irrigation control device connected to the soil sensor that measures the moisture content of the soil in which the crop that is the fruit to be cultivated is planted, and the illuminance sensor that measures the illuminance near the crop,
A regular irrigation control unit that performs a predetermined amount of irrigation at a plurality of fixed times within a first time period determined in one day;
In the second time zone after the end of the first time zone, the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the moisture content of the soil measured in the first time zone, and the illuminance measured by the illuminance sensor Based on the above, an automatic irrigation that calculates a threshold value of the soil moisture amount for determining the necessity of irrigation and performs irrigation of a predetermined amount when the soil moisture amount measured by the soil sensor is equal to or less than the calculated threshold value An irrigation control device for cultivating a high sugar content fruit comprising a control unit. The automatic irrigation control unit sets the threshold corresponding to the illuminance measured by the illuminance sensor based on the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the moisture content of the soil measured during the first time period. The irrigation control apparatus for cultivating a high sugar content fruit according to claim 3, wherein a calculation formula for calculation is set for each month. The number of irrigations performed in one day by the regular irrigation control unit and the upper limit value of the number of irrigations performed in one day by the automatic irrigation control unit are set for each month. Item 5. An irrigation control device for cultivating a high sugar content fruit according to item 3 or 4. When the irrigation frequency of the previous day is less than a predetermined value and the current illuminance measurement value by the illuminance sensor is higher than a predetermined value, the scheduled irrigation control unit determines irrigation within the first time zone on that day. The irrigation control device for cultivating a high sugar content fruit according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein the number of times is added. A plurality of soil sensors are connected to the automatic irrigation control unit,
The threshold value of the soil moisture content is calculated for each soil sensor, and when the soil moisture content measured by each soil sensor is equal to or less than the relevant threshold value, irrigation is performed on the relevant soil. The irrigation control apparatus for cultivating the high sugar content fruit of any one of -6. An irrigation control device connected to a soil sensor that measures the moisture content of the soil in which the crop that is the fruit to be cultivated is planted, and an illuminance sensor that measures the illuminance near the crop,
Performing a predetermined amount of irrigation at a plurality of fixed times within a first time period defined in one day;
In the second time zone after the end of the first time zone, the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the moisture content of the soil measured in the first time zone, and the illuminance measured by the illuminance sensor Based on the step of calculating a threshold value of the soil moisture amount for determining the necessity of irrigation,
A irrigation control method for cultivating a high sugar content fruit, comprising the step of irrigating a predetermined amount when the soil moisture measured by the soil sensor is equal to or less than a calculated threshold value.

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