JP2017175757A - Voltage detector - Google Patents
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、電圧検出装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a voltage detection device.
下記特許文献１には、ローパスフィルタのコンデンサのリーク故障が検出可能な電圧検出装置が開示されている。この電圧検出装置は、組電池を構成する各電池セルの電圧（セル電圧）を検出する装置であり、セル電圧の入力経路に各々設けられるＣＲフィルタ（ローパスフィルタ）におけるコンデンサのリーク故障をＣＲフィルタを介して検出されるセル電圧とＣＲフィルタを迂回して検出されるセル電圧とを比較することにより検出するものである。
ところで、上記従来の電圧検出装置では、ＣＲフィルタを介してセル電圧を検出回路に入力する第１の電圧入力経路とＣＲフィルタを迂回してセル電圧を検出回路に入力する第２の電圧入力経路とを設ける必要がある。すなわち、従来の電圧検出装置では、組電池に多数設けられる個々の電池セルについて２つの電圧入力経路を設ける必要があるので、電圧入力経路を構成するための部品点数が多くなるので、また検出回路における入力端子数が多くなるので、電圧検出装置のコストを押し上げる一因になっていた。 By the way, in the conventional voltage detection device, the first voltage input path for inputting the cell voltage to the detection circuit via the CR filter and the second voltage input path for bypassing the CR filter and inputting the cell voltage to the detection circuit. Must be provided. That is, in the conventional voltage detection device, since it is necessary to provide two voltage input paths for each battery cell provided in a large number of battery packs, the number of components for configuring the voltage input path increases, and the detection circuit As the number of input terminals increases, the cost of the voltage detection device is increased.
本発明は、上述した事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、セル電圧の入力経路を従来よりも削減した状態でＣＲフィルタの異常を検出することを目的とする。 The present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to detect an abnormality of a CR filter in a state where the input path of the cell voltage is reduced as compared with the conventional one.
上記目的を達成するために、本発明では、電圧検出装置に係る第１の解決手段として、電池から入力された被検出電圧をＣＲフィルタを介して取り込んで検出する電圧検出装置であって、前記電池の端子間にバイパス抵抗を接続するスイッチ回路と、前記ＣＲフィルタを介して取り込んだ前記被検出電圧を所定のサンプリング周期でサンプリングして電圧検出データに変換するＡ／Ｄ変換回路と、前記スイッチ回路が前記電池の端子間に前記バイパス抵抗を接続する前後の前記電圧検出データに基づいて前記ＣＲフィルタの時定数を複数算出する時定数算出手段と、前記複数の時定数の平均に基づいて前記ＣＲフィルタの異常を判定する異常判定手段とを備える、という手段を採用する。 In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, as a first solving means related to a voltage detection device, a voltage detection device that takes in a detected voltage input from a battery and detects it through a CR filter, A switch circuit for connecting a bypass resistor between the terminals of the battery, an A / D conversion circuit for sampling the detected voltage taken in via the CR filter at a predetermined sampling period and converting it into voltage detection data, and the switch Time constant calculating means for calculating a plurality of time constants of the CR filter based on the voltage detection data before and after the circuit connects the bypass resistor between the terminals of the battery, and based on the average of the plurality of time constants A means is provided that includes an abnormality determination unit that determines abnormality of the CR filter.
本発明では、電圧検出装置に係る第２の解決手段として、上記第１の解決手段において、前記時定数算出手段は、前記バイパス抵抗が前記電池の端子間に接続されることによる前記被検出電圧の低下量と前記ＣＲフィルタの時定数との関係式に基づいて前記複数の時定数を演算する、という手段を採用する。 In the present invention, as a second solving means relating to the voltage detecting device, in the first solving means, the time constant calculating means is configured to detect the detected voltage by connecting the bypass resistor between terminals of the battery. The plurality of time constants are calculated on the basis of a relational expression between the amount of decrease in the above and the time constant of the CR filter.
本発明では、電圧検出装置に係る第３の解決手段として、上記第２の解決手段において、前記時定数算出手段は、前記電池の端子間に前記バイパス抵抗を接続する前後の前記電圧検出データを前記関係式に代入することによって前記複数の時定数を演算する、という手段を採用する。 In the present invention, as a third solving means relating to the voltage detecting device, in the second solving means, the time constant calculating means uses the voltage detection data before and after connecting the bypass resistor between the terminals of the battery. A means of calculating the plurality of time constants by substituting into the relational expression is adopted.
本発明では、電圧検出装置に係る第４の解決手段として、上記第１または２の解決手段において、前記電池は複数のセル電池を備えた組電池である、という手段を採用する。 In the present invention, as a fourth solving means relating to the voltage detecting device, a means is used in which the battery is an assembled battery including a plurality of cell batteries in the first or second solving means.
本発明によれば、電池の端子間にバイパス抵抗を接続する前後の電圧検出データに基づいてＣＲフィルタの時定数を複数算出し、当該複数の時定数の平均に基づいてＣＲフィルタの異常を判定するので、被検出電圧の入力経路を従来よりも削減した状態でＣＲフィルタの異常を検出することが可能である。 According to the present invention, a plurality of CR filter time constants are calculated based on voltage detection data before and after connecting a bypass resistor between battery terminals, and an abnormality of the CR filter is determined based on an average of the plurality of time constants. Therefore, it is possible to detect an abnormality of the CR filter in a state where the input path of the detected voltage is reduced as compared with the conventional case.
以下、図面を参照して、本発明の一実施形態について説明する。
本実施形態に係る電圧検出装置Ａは、図１に示すように、組電池Ｂを構成するｎ個の電池セルｂ１〜ｂｎの電圧（セル電圧）を被検出電圧として検出する装置であり、所定サイズのプリント基板上に実装されたｎ個の放電回路Ｄ１〜Ｄｎ（スイッチ回路）、ｎ＋１本の伝送線路Ｓ１〜Ｓｎ＋１、ｎ＋１個のＣＲフィルタＦ１〜Ｆｎ＋１、セル電圧検出部Ｋ及びマイコンＭ（Ａ／Ｄ変換回路、時定数算出手段、異常判定手段）を備えている。
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, the voltage detection device A according to the present embodiment is a device that detects a voltage (cell voltage) of n battery cells b1 to bn constituting the assembled battery B as a detected voltage. N discharge circuits D1 to Dn (switch circuit), n + 1 transmission lines S1 to Sn + 1, n + 1 CR filters F1 to Fn + 1, a cell voltage detector K, and a microcomputer M (A / D conversion circuit, time constant calculation means, abnormality determination means).
組電池Ｂは、複数（ｎ個）の電池セルｂ１〜ｂｎを備えるものである。合計ｎ個の電池セルｂ１〜ｂｎは、一列に直列接続されており、電池セルｂ１のプラス端子は組電池Ｂのプラス端子であり、また電池セルｂｎのマイナス端子は組電池Ｂのマイナス端子である。すなわち、ｎ個の電池セルｂ１〜ｂｎは、電池セルｂ１→電池セルｂ２→（中略）→電池セルｂｎの順に直列接続されており、各電池セルｂ１〜ｂｎのセル電圧の合計値が組電池Ｂの出力電圧となる。 The assembled battery B includes a plurality (n pieces) of battery cells b1 to bn. A total of n battery cells b1 to bn are connected in series in a line, the plus terminal of the battery cell b1 is the plus terminal of the assembled battery B, and the minus terminal of the battery cell bn is the minus terminal of the assembled battery B. is there. That is, n battery cells b1 to bn are connected in series in the order of battery cell b1 → battery cell b2 → (omitted) → battery cell bn, and the total value of the cell voltages of each battery cell b1 to bn is an assembled battery. B output voltage.
ｎ個の放電回路Ｄ１〜Ｄｎは、上記ｎ個の電池セルｂ１〜ｂｎに各々並列接続されており、各々にバイパス抵抗とスイッチング素子との直列回路である。これら放電回路Ｂ１〜Ｂｎは、スイッチング素子がＯＮ状態になることによりバイパス抵抗を電池セルｂ１〜ｂｎに並列接続させるスイッチ回路である。 The n discharge circuits D1 to Dn are respectively connected in parallel to the n battery cells b1 to bn, and each is a series circuit of a bypass resistor and a switching element. These discharge circuits B1 to Bn are switch circuits that connect the bypass resistors in parallel to the battery cells b1 to bn when the switching elements are turned on.
すなわち、これら放電回路Ｂ１〜Ｂｎは、バイパス抵抗を電池セルｂ１〜ｂｎに並列接続させることにより電池セルｂ１〜ｂｎを放電状態とする一方、スイッチング素子がＯＦＦ状態になってバイパス抵抗の電池セルｂ１〜ｂｎへの並列接続を解除することにより電池セルｂ１〜ｂｎを非放電状態とする。このようなｎ個の放電回路Ｄ１〜Ｄｎのうち、放電回路Ｄ１は電池セルｂ１に並列接続され、放電回路Ｄ２は電池セルｂ２に並列接続され、（中略）、放電回路Ｄｎは電池セルｂｎに並列接続されている。 That is, these discharge circuits B1 to Bn place the battery cells b1 to bn in a discharged state by connecting the bypass resistors in parallel to the battery cells b1 to bn, while the switching element is turned off and the battery cell b1 having the bypass resistance. The battery cells b1 to bn are brought into a non-discharged state by releasing the parallel connection to .about.bn. Among such n discharge circuits D1 to Dn, the discharge circuit D1 is connected in parallel to the battery cell b1, the discharge circuit D2 is connected in parallel to the battery cell b2, and (the omission), the discharge circuit Dn is connected to the battery cell bn. Connected in parallel.
ｎ＋１本の伝送線路Ｓ１〜Ｓｎは、上記組電池Ｂとプリント基板とを接続する配線（セル電圧検出用配線）である。これらｎ＋１本の伝送線路Ｓ１〜Ｓｎは、ｎ個の電池セルｂ１〜ｂｎの各端子の端子電圧をｎ＋１個のＣＲフィルタＦ１〜Ｆｎ＋１の各入力端に伝送する。 The n + 1 transmission lines S1 to Sn are wirings (cell voltage detection wirings) that connect the assembled battery B and the printed circuit board. These n + 1 transmission lines S1 to Sn transmit the terminal voltages of the n battery cells b1 to bn to the input terminals of the n + 1 CR filters F1 to Fn + 1.
すなわち、伝送線路Ｓ１は電池セルｂ１のプラス端子とＣＲフィルタＦ１の入力端とを接続し、伝送線路Ｓ２は電池セルｂ１のマイナス端子と電池セルｂ２のプラス端子との接続点とＣＲフィルタＦ２の入力端とを接続する。伝送線路Ｓ３は、電池セルｂ２のマイナス端子と電池セルｂ３のプラス端子との接続点とＣＲフィルタＦ３の入力端とを接続する。（中略）また、伝送線路Ｓｎは、電池セルｂｎ−１（図示略）のマイナス端子と電池セルｂｎのプラス端子との接続点とＣＲフィルタＦｎの第ｎ入力端とを接続し、伝送線路Ｓｎ＋１は、電池セルｂｎのマイナス端子とＣＲフィルタＦｎ＋１の入力端とを接続する。 That is, the transmission line S1 connects the positive terminal of the battery cell b1 and the input end of the CR filter F1, and the transmission line S2 connects the connection point between the negative terminal of the battery cell b1 and the positive terminal of the battery cell b2 and the CR filter F2. Connect the input terminal. The transmission line S3 connects the connection point between the negative terminal of the battery cell b2 and the positive terminal of the battery cell b3 and the input end of the CR filter F3. (Omitted) The transmission line Sn connects the connection point between the negative terminal of the battery cell bn-1 (not shown) and the positive terminal of the battery cell bn and the nth input terminal of the CR filter Fn, and the transmission line Sn + 1. Connects the negative terminal of the battery cell bn and the input end of the CR filter Fn + 1.
ｎ＋１個のＣＲフィルタＦ１〜Ｆｎ＋１は、１３本の伝送線路Ｓ１〜Ｓｎ＋１に各々設けられたノイズ除去用のローパスフィルタであり、フィルタ抵抗Ｒ１〜Ｒｎ＋１及びフィルタコンデンサＣ１〜Ｃｎ＋１から構成されている。すなわち、ＣＲフィルタＦ１は伝送線路Ｓ１に設けられており、ＣＲフィルタＦ２は伝送線路Ｓ２に設けられており、ＣＲフィルタＦ３は伝送線路Ｓ３に設けられており、（中略）、ＣＲフィルタＦｎは伝送線路Ｓｎに設けられており、ＣＲフィルタＦｎ＋１は伝送線路Ｓｎ＋１に設けられている。 The n + 1 CR filters F1 to Fn + 1 are low-pass filters for noise removal provided on the 13 transmission lines S1 to Sn + 1, respectively, and include filter resistors R1 to Rn + 1 and filter capacitors C1 to Cn + 1. That is, the CR filter F1 is provided in the transmission line S1, the CR filter F2 is provided in the transmission line S2, the CR filter F3 is provided in the transmission line S3 (omitted), and the CR filter Fn is transmitted. The CR filter Fn + 1 is provided on the transmission line Sn + 1.
上記フィルタ抵抗Ｒ１〜Ｒｎ＋１は、ｎ＋１本の伝送線路Ｓ１〜Ｓｎ＋１の各々に直列に接続されており、また上記フィルタコンデンサＣ１〜Ｃｎ＋１は、一端がｎ＋１本の伝送線路Ｓ１〜Ｓｎ＋１の各々に、また他端がＧＮＤ（接地電位）に接続されている。フィルタ抵抗Ｒ１〜Ｒｎ＋１は同一の抵抗値Ｒを有し、またフィルタコンデンサＣ１〜Ｃｎ＋１は同一の静電容量Ｃを有している。このような抵抗値Ｒ及び静電容量Ｃは、ＣＲフィルタＦ１〜Ｆｎ＋１の時定数τ、つまりＣＲフィルタＦ１〜Ｆｎ＋１のフィルタ特性を規定する量である。 The filter resistors R1 to Rn + 1 are connected in series to each of n + 1 transmission lines S1 to Sn + 1, and the filter capacitors C1 to Cn + 1 have one end connected to each of n + 1 transmission lines S1 to Sn + 1. The other end is connected to GND (ground potential). The filter resistors R1 to Rn + 1 have the same resistance value R, and the filter capacitors C1 to Cn + 1 have the same capacitance C. The resistance value R and the capacitance C are amounts that define the time constant τ of the CR filters F1 to Fn + 1, that is, the filter characteristics of the CR filters F1 to Fn + 1.
セル電圧検出部Ｋは、ｎ個の電池セルｂ１〜ｂｎに対応して設けられており、ｎ＋１個のＣＲフィルタＦ１〜Ｆｎを介してｎ＋１本の伝送線路Ｓ１〜Ｓｎから入力されたｎ個の電池セルｂ１〜ｂｎの各端子電圧を所定周期でサンプリングすることにより各電池セルｂ１〜ｂｎの端子間電圧（セル電圧）を検出する。すなわち、各セル電圧検出部Ｋは、各電池セルｂ１〜ｂｎの各端子電圧の差分（差電圧）をセル電圧Ｖ１〜Ｖｎとして検出する。また、このセル電圧検出部Ｋは、自らが検出したセル電圧Ｖ１〜ＶｎをマイコンＭに出力する。 The cell voltage detection unit K is provided corresponding to n battery cells b1 to bn, and n pieces of n input from n + 1 transmission lines S1 to Sn via n + 1 CR filters F1 to Fn. By sampling each terminal voltage of the battery cells b1 to bn at a predetermined cycle, the voltage between the terminals (cell voltage) of each battery cell b1 to bn is detected. That is, each cell voltage detection part K detects the difference (difference voltage) of each terminal voltage of each battery cell b1-bn as cell voltage V1-Vn. Further, the cell voltage detection unit K outputs the cell voltages V1 to Vn detected by itself to the microcomputer M.
すなわち、セル電圧検出部Ｋは、伝送線路Ｓ１と伝送線路Ｓ２とを介して入力される一対の端子電圧に基づいて電池セルｂ１のセル電圧Ｖ１を検出し、伝送線路Ｓ２と伝送線路Ｓ３とを介して入力される一対の端子電圧に基づいて電池セルｂ２のセル電圧Ｖ２を検出し、（中略）、伝送線路Ｓｎと伝送線路Ｓｎ＋１とを介して入力される一対の端子電圧に基づいて電池セルｂｎのセル電圧Ｖｎを検出する。 That is, the cell voltage detection unit K detects the cell voltage V1 of the battery cell b1 based on a pair of terminal voltages input via the transmission line S1 and the transmission line S2, and detects the transmission line S2 and the transmission line S3. The cell voltage V2 of the battery cell b2 is detected based on a pair of terminal voltages input via the battery cell (omitted), and the battery cell based on the pair of terminal voltages input via the transmission line Sn and the transmission line Sn + 1. The cell voltage Vn of bn is detected.
マイコンＭは、ＣＰＵ(Central Processing Unit)やメモリ、入出力インターフェイス等が一体的に組み込まれた所謂ワンチップマイコンであり、内部メモリに記憶された電圧検知プログラムを実行することにより所定の機能を発揮する。 The microcomputer M is a so-called one-chip microcomputer in which a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a memory, an input / output interface, etc. are integrated, and exhibits a predetermined function by executing a voltage detection program stored in the internal memory. To do.
このようなマイコンＭは、セル電圧検出部Ｋから入力されるｎ個のセル電圧Ｖ１〜Ｖｎを所定のサンプリング周期でサンプリングしてｎ個の電圧検出データＶｄ１〜Ｖｄｎに変換する。また、このマイコンＭは、上記電圧検出データＶｄ１〜Ｖｄｎを内部メモリに記憶すると共に上記電圧検知プログラムに従った所定の演算処理を施すことにより、各電池セルｂ１〜ｂｎの充電状態のバランス制御処理、各伝送線路Ｓ１〜Ｓｎ＋１の断線診断処理、またｎ＋１個のＣＲフィルタＦ１〜Ｆｎ＋１の異常診断処理を行う。 Such a microcomputer M samples n cell voltages V1 to Vn input from the cell voltage detection unit K at a predetermined sampling period and converts them into n voltage detection data Vd1 to Vdn. In addition, the microcomputer M stores the voltage detection data Vd1 to Vdn in an internal memory and performs a predetermined calculation process according to the voltage detection program, thereby performing a balance control process for the state of charge of each battery cell b1 to bn. Then, disconnection diagnosis processing of each transmission line S1 to Sn + 1 and abnormality diagnosis processing of n + 1 CR filters F1 to Fn + 1 are performed.
すなわち、マイコンＭは、電圧検出データＶｄ１〜Ｖｄｎに基づいて各放電回路Ｄ１〜Ｄｎを制御することにより、電池セルｂ１〜ｂｎのセル電圧Ｖ１〜Ｖｎを均等化する。また、マイコンＭは、互いに隣り合う電池セルｂ１〜ｂｎの電圧検出データＶｄ１〜Ｖｄｎの差分に基づいて各伝送線路Ｓ１〜Ｓｎ＋１の何れが断線したかを診断する。 That is, the microcomputer M equalizes the cell voltages V1 to Vn of the battery cells b1 to bn by controlling the discharge circuits D1 to Dn based on the voltage detection data Vd1 to Vdn. Further, the microcomputer M diagnoses which of the transmission lines S1 to Sn + 1 is disconnected based on the difference between the voltage detection data Vd1 to Vdn of the battery cells b1 to bn adjacent to each other.
さらに、マイコンＭは、各放電回路Ｄ１〜Ｄｎを「ＯＮ」状態にした前後の各電圧検出データＶｄ１〜Ｖｄｎに基づいて各ＣＲフィルタＦ１〜Ｆｎ＋１の時定数τを複数算出し、当該複数の時定数の平均に基づいて各ＣＲフィルタＦ１〜Ｆｎ＋１の異常を判定する。このようなマイコンＭは、本発明におけるＡ／Ｄ変換回路、時定数算出手段及び異常判定手段に相当する。 Further, the microcomputer M calculates a plurality of time constants τ of the respective CR filters F1 to Fn + 1 based on the respective voltage detection data Vd1 to Vdn before and after the discharge circuits D1 to Dn are set to the “ON” state. The abnormality of each CR filter F1 to Fn + 1 is determined based on the average of the constants. Such a microcomputer M corresponds to an A / D conversion circuit, a time constant calculation unit, and an abnormality determination unit in the present invention.
またこのようなマイコンＭは、所定の絶縁素子を介して外部のバッテリＥＣＵと通信可能に接続されており、上記各診断結果を外部のバッテリＥＣＵに通知する。上記絶縁素子は、マイコンＭとバッテリＥＣＵとのアイソレーションをとるための素子であり、例えばフォトカプラである。 Such a microcomputer M is connected to an external battery ECU via a predetermined insulating element so as to be communicable, and notifies the external battery ECU of the diagnosis results. The insulating element is an element for isolating the microcomputer M and the battery ECU, and is, for example, a photocoupler.
次に、本実施形態に係る電圧検出装置Ａの動作、特にＣＲフィルタＦ１〜Ｆｎ＋１の異常診断動作について詳しく説明する。 Next, the operation of the voltage detection apparatus A according to the present embodiment, particularly the abnormality diagnosis operation of the CR filters F1 to Fn + 1 will be described in detail.
ＣＲフィルタＦ１〜Ｆｎ＋１の異常診断を行う場合、マイコンＭは、所定の時間間隔で放電回路Ｄ１〜ＤｎをＯＦＦ状態からＯＮ状態になるように順次制御し、当該状態遷移の前後における電圧検出データＶｄ１〜Ｖｄｎに基づいてＣＲフィルタＦ１〜Ｆｎ＋１の時定数τを演算する。ここで、この異常診断に関するマイコンＭは、各ＣＲフィルタＦ１〜Ｆｎ＋１について全く同様なので、以下では代表としてＣＲフィルタＦ１，Ｆ２に関する異常診断動作について、図２を参照して詳しく説明する。 When performing abnormality diagnosis of the CR filters F1 to Fn + 1, the microcomputer M sequentially controls the discharge circuits D1 to Dn from the OFF state to the ON state at predetermined time intervals, and the voltage detection data Vd1 before and after the state transition. The time constant τ of the CR filters F1 to Fn + 1 is calculated based on ˜Vdn. Here, since the microcomputer M relating to the abnormality diagnosis is exactly the same for each of the CR filters F1 to Fn + 1, the abnormality diagnosis operation relating to the CR filters F1 and F2 will be described in detail below with reference to FIG.
マイコンＭは、セル電圧検出部Ｋから入力されるセル電圧Ｖ１を順次取り込んで電圧検出データＶｄ１に変換（Ａ／Ｄ変換）するが、ＣＲフィルタＦ１の異常診断では、放電駆動信号を放電回路Ｄ１ｎに出力することにより、放電回路Ｄ１ｎをＯＦＦ状態からＯＮ状態、つまり電池セルｂ１にバイパス抵抗を並列接続しない状態からバイパス抵抗を並列接続する状態に切り替える。ここで、放電回路Ｄ１ｎをＯＮ状態をする時間幅Ｔは、ＣＲフィルタＦ１の正常時の時定数τの１０倍以上の時間である。 The microcomputer M sequentially takes the cell voltage V1 input from the cell voltage detection unit K and converts it into voltage detection data Vd1 (A / D conversion). However, in the abnormality diagnosis of the CR filter F1, the discharge drive signal is output to the discharge circuit D1n. Is switched from the OFF state to the ON state, that is, the state in which the bypass resistor is not connected in parallel to the battery cell b1 to the state in which the bypass resistor is connected in parallel. Here, the time width T during which the discharge circuit D1n is turned on is a time that is 10 times or more the time constant τ when the CR filter F1 is normal.
放電回路Ｄ１ｎがＯＦＦ状態からＯＮ状態に切り替わると、電池セルｂ１にバイパス抵抗が並列接続されるので、バイパス抵抗を介して電池セルｂ１のプラス端子からマイナス端子に向かってバランス電流Ｉｂが流れる。この結果、ＣＲフィルタＦ１の入力端の電圧Ｖｉ１はバランス電流ＩｂによってΔＶ１だけ低下し、また電池セルｂ１のマイナス端子に接続されたＣＲフィルタＦ２の入力端の電圧Ｖｉ２はΔＶ２だけ上昇する。この電圧低下ΔＶ１は、伝送線路Ｓ１の内部抵抗に起因するものであり、また電圧上昇ΔＶ２は、伝送線路Ｓ２の内部抵抗に起因するものである。 When the discharge circuit D1n is switched from the OFF state to the ON state, a bypass resistor is connected in parallel to the battery cell b1, so that a balance current Ib flows from the plus terminal to the minus terminal of the battery cell b1 via the bypass resistor. As a result, the voltage V i1 at the input end of the CR filter F1 is decreased by ΔV 1 due to the balance current Ib, and the voltage V i2 at the input end of the CR filter F2 connected to the negative terminal of the battery cell b1 is increased by ΔV 2. To do. This voltage drop ΔV 1 is caused by the internal resistance of the transmission line S1, and the voltage rise ΔV 2 is caused by the internal resistance of the transmission line S2.
そして、セル電圧Ｖ１は、ＣＲフィルタＦ１の出力端の電圧とＣＲフィルタＦ２の出力端の電圧との差電圧であり、上記電圧低下ΔＶ１及び電圧上昇ΔＶ２に起因して、図２に示すように低下する。すなわち、セル電圧Ｖ１の低下は、ＣＲフィルタＦ１を構成しているフィルタ抵抗Ｒ１及びフィルタコンデンサＣ１及びＣＲフィルタＦ２を構成しているフィルタ抵抗Ｒ２及びフィルタコンデンサＣ２のうち、フィルタコンデンサＣ１に貯えられた電荷がフィルタ抵抗Ｒ１及びバイパス抵抗を介して放電電流として電池セルｂ１のマイナス端子に流れることによって、またフィルタコンデンサＣ２に貯えられた電荷がフィルタ抵抗Ｒ２及びバイパス抵抗を介して放電電流として電池セルｂ１のプラス端子に流れることによって発生するものである。 Then, the cell voltage V1 is a difference voltage between the voltage at the output terminal of the CR filter F1 of the output end of the voltage and the CR filter F2, due to the voltage drop [Delta] V 1 and the voltage rise [Delta] V 2, shown in FIG. 2 To decline. That is, the drop in the cell voltage V1 is stored in the filter capacitor C1 among the filter resistor R1 and the filter capacitor C1 constituting the CR filter F1 and the filter resistor R2 and the filter capacitor C2 constituting the CR filter F2. The charge flows through the filter resistor R1 and the bypass resistor as a discharge current to the negative terminal of the battery cell b1, and the charge stored in the filter capacitor C2 is discharged as the discharge current through the filter resistor R2 and the bypass resistor. It is generated by flowing through the positive terminal.
ここで、バイパス抵抗は、電池セルｂ１〜ｂｎのセル電圧Ｖ１〜Ｖｎを均等化するために設けられたものであり、抵抗値がフィルタ抵抗Ｒ１の抵抗値Ｒよりも大幅に小さく設定されている。したがって、セル電圧Ｖ１の低下量ΔＶは、２つのフィルタコンデンサＣ１，Ｃ２の静電容量Ｃと２つのフィルタ抵抗Ｒ１、Ｒ２の抵抗値Ｒによって、つまり２つのＣＲフィルタＦ１，Ｆ２の時定数τによって主に支配される。 Here, the bypass resistor is provided to equalize the cell voltages V1 to Vn of the battery cells b1 to bn, and the resistance value is set to be significantly smaller than the resistance value R of the filter resistor R1. . Therefore, the amount of decrease ΔV of the cell voltage V1 is determined by the capacitance C of the two filter capacitors C1 and C2 and the resistance value R of the two filter resistors R1 and R2, that is, by the time constant τ of the two CR filters F1 and F2. Dominated by the Lord.
すなわち、バイパス抵抗が電池セルｂ１に並列接続されることによるセル電圧Ｖ１の低下量ΔＶは、上記電圧低下ΔＶ１及び電圧上昇ΔＶ２並びに時定数τを定数とし、時間ｔを変数とする下式（１）、つまり上記低下量ΔＶと時定数τとの関係式によって表すことができる。 That is, the amount of decrease in the cell voltage V1 due to the bypass resistor is connected in parallel to the battery cell b1 [Delta] V, under the above voltage drop [Delta] V 1 and the voltage rise [Delta] V 2 and a time constant τ constant, the time t as a variable type (1) That is, it can be expressed by a relational expression between the amount of decrease ΔV and the time constant τ.
また、上記電圧検出データＶｄ１は、セル電圧Ｖ１を所定のサンプリング周期でサンプリングすることによって得られたものなので、上式（１）に電圧検出データＶｄ１を適用することにとり、時定数τについて下式（２）が式（１）の近似式として得られる。この式（２）によって表される時定数τ（１）〜τ（３）は時定数τの近似値である。 Since the voltage detection data Vd1 is obtained by sampling the cell voltage V1 at a predetermined sampling period, the voltage detection data Vd1 is applied to the above equation (1), and the time constant τ is expressed by the following equation: (2) is obtained as an approximation of equation (1). The time constants τ (1) to τ (3) represented by the equation (2) are approximate values of the time constant τ.
すなわち、放電回路Ｄ１ｎがＯＦＦ状態からＯＮ状態に切り替わる直前にサンプリングされたサンプル値ＡＤ（０）に基づく電圧検出データＶ（０）、放電回路Ｄ１ｎがＯＦＦ状態からＯＮ状態に切り替わった直後にサンプリングされたサンプル値ＡＤ（１）に基づく電圧検出データＶ（１）、サンプル値ＡＤ（１）の次にサンプリングされたサンプル値ＡＤ（２）に基づく電圧検出データＶ（２）、サンプル値ＡＤ（２）の次にサンプリングされたサンプル値ＡＤ（３）に基づく電圧検出データＶ（３）、また放電回路Ｄ１ｎがＯＦＦ状態からＯＮ状態に切り替わった後に十分な時間が経過した時点つまり上記時間幅Ｔが経過する直前にサンプリングされたサンプル値ＡＤ（Ｌ）に基づく電圧検出データＶ（Ｌ）によって、時定数τの近似値である時定数τ（１）〜τ（３）を求めることができる。 That is, the voltage detection data V (0) based on the sample value AD (0) sampled immediately before the discharge circuit D1n switches from the OFF state to the ON state, and sampled immediately after the discharge circuit D1n switches from the OFF state to the ON state. Voltage detection data V (1) based on the sample value AD (1), voltage detection data V (2) based on the sample value AD (2) sampled next to the sample value AD (1), and sample value AD (2 ), The voltage detection data V (3) based on the sampled value AD (3) sampled next, and the time width T when a sufficient time has elapsed after the discharge circuit D1n is switched from the OFF state to the ON state. Approximation of time constant τ by voltage detection data V (L) based on sample value AD (L) sampled immediately before the passage Can be obtained constant τ (1) ~τ (3) when it is.
マイコンＭは、このような電圧検出データＶ（０）〜Ｖ（Ｌ）を上式（２）に代入することによって３つの時定数τ（１）〜τ（３）を演算する。そして、マイコンＭは、３つの時定数τ（１）〜τ（３）の算術平均を演算することによって最終的に時定数τを取得する。なお、電圧検出データＶ（０），Ｖ（Ｌ）については、図２に示すように、３つのサンプル値ＡＤ（０）をそれぞれ取得し、当該３つサンプル値ＡＤ（０）の算術平均を演算することによって各々取得される。このような演算処理によって、より正確な時定数τ（１）〜τ（３）を取得することができる。 The microcomputer M calculates three time constants τ (1) to τ (3) by substituting such voltage detection data V (0) to V (L) into the above equation (2). The microcomputer M finally obtains the time constant τ by calculating the arithmetic average of the three time constants τ (1) to τ (3). For the voltage detection data V (0) and V (L), as shown in FIG. 2, three sample values AD (0) are obtained, and the arithmetic average of the three sample values AD (0) is obtained. Each is obtained by computing. More accurate time constants τ (1) to τ (3) can be acquired by such arithmetic processing.
このような本実施形態によれば、各放電回路Ｄ１〜Ｄｎがバイパス抵抗を接続する前後の電圧検出データＶｄ１〜Ｖｄｎに基づいて各ＣＲフィルタＦ１〜Ｆｎ＋１の時定数τ（近似値）を順次演算し、当該時定数τ（近似値）に基づいて各ＣＲフィルタＦ１〜Ｆｎ＋１の異常、例えば各ＣＲフィルタＦ１〜Ｆｎ＋１を構成する各フィルタコンデンサＣ１〜Ｃｎ＋１のリーク故障を検出することができる。 According to the present embodiment, the time constants τ (approximate values) of the CR filters F1 to Fn + 1 are sequentially calculated based on the voltage detection data Vd1 to Vdn before and after the discharge circuits D1 to Dn connect the bypass resistors. Based on the time constant τ (approximate value), an abnormality of each CR filter F1 to Fn + 1, for example, a leak failure of each filter capacitor C1 to Cn + 1 that constitutes each CR filter F1 to Fn + 1 can be detected.
すなわち、本実施形態によれば、組電池Ｂを構成する各電池セルｂ１〜ｂｎのセル電圧Ｖ１〜Ｖｎ（被検出電圧）の入力経路を従来よりも削減した状態で、各ＣＲフィルタＦ１〜Ｆｎ＋１の異常の異常を検出することが可能である。 That is, according to the present embodiment, each of the CR filters F1 to Fn + 1 in a state where the input paths of the cell voltages V1 to Vn (detected voltages) of the battery cells b1 to bn constituting the assembled battery B are reduced as compared with the prior art. It is possible to detect abnormalities.
なお、本発明は上記実施形態に限定されるものではなく、例えば以下のような変形例が考えられる。
（１）上記実施形態では、組電池Ｂを構成するｎ個の電池セルｂ１〜ｂｎのセル電圧を被検出電圧としたが、本発明はこれに限定されない。本発明は、組電池以外の様々な電池の電圧検出に適用することが可能である。
In addition, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, For example, the following modifications can be considered.
(1) In the above embodiment, the cell voltages of the n battery cells b1 to bn constituting the assembled battery B are detected voltages, but the present invention is not limited to this. The present invention can be applied to voltage detection of various batteries other than the assembled battery.
（２）上記実施形態では、一例として３つの時定数τ（１）〜τ（３）を求めたが、本発明はこれに限定されない。演算によって求める時定数（近似値）は、２つ以上であれば良い。ただし、各ＣＲフィルタＦ１〜Ｆｎ＋１の時定数τは、図２に示すように各電池セルｂ１〜ｂｎにバイパス抵抗を接続した直後における各セル電圧Ｖ１〜Ｖｎが漸次低下する領域に相関を有するものであり、各セル電圧Ｖ１〜Ｖｎが十分い低下して一定値に漸近する領域では相関が低い。したがって、複数の時定数（近似値）としては、上述した漸次低下する領域でサンプリングしたサンプル値に基づくものが好ましい。 (2) In the above embodiment, three time constants τ (1) to τ (3) are obtained as an example, but the present invention is not limited to this. The time constant (approximate value) calculated | required by a calculation should just be two or more. However, the time constant τ of each CR filter F1 to Fn + 1 has a correlation with the region where each cell voltage V1 to Vn gradually decreases immediately after connecting the bypass resistance to each battery cell b1 to bn as shown in FIG. The correlation is low in the region where the cell voltages V1 to Vn are sufficiently lowered and asymptotic to a constant value. Accordingly, the plurality of time constants (approximate values) are preferably based on sample values sampled in the above-described gradually decreasing region.
Ａ 電圧検出装置
Ｂ 組電池
ｂ１〜ｂｎ 電池セル
Ｄ１〜Ｄｎ 放電回路（スイッチ回路）
Ｆ１〜Ｆｎ ＣＲフィルタ
Ｋ セル電圧検出部
Ｍ マイコン（Ａ／Ｄ変換回路、断線判定部、充電バランス調整部）
Ｓ１〜Ｓ１３ 伝送線路
A voltage detection device B assembled battery b1 to bn battery cell D1 to Dn discharge circuit (switch circuit)
F1 to Fn CR filter K Cell voltage detection unit M Microcomputer (A / D conversion circuit, disconnection determination unit, charge balance adjustment unit)
S1 to S13 Transmission line
Claims (4)
前記電池の端子間に所定のバイパス抵抗を接続するスイッチ回路と、
前記ＣＲフィルタを介して取り込んだ前記被検出電圧を所定のサンプリング周期でサンプリングして電圧検出データに変換するＡ／Ｄ変換回路と、
前記スイッチ回路が前記電池の端子間に前記バイパス抵抗を接続する前後の前記電圧検出データに基づいて前記ＣＲフィルタの時定数を複数算出する時定数算出手段と、
前記複数の時定数の平均に基づいて前記ＣＲフィルタの異常を判定する異常判定手段と
を備えることを特徴とする電圧検出装置。 A voltage detection device that detects and detects a detected voltage input from a battery via a CR filter,
A switch circuit for connecting a predetermined bypass resistor between the terminals of the battery;
An A / D conversion circuit that samples the detected voltage taken in via the CR filter at a predetermined sampling period and converts it into voltage detection data;
Time constant calculating means for calculating a plurality of time constants of the CR filter based on the voltage detection data before and after the switch circuit connects the bypass resistor between the terminals of the battery;
An abnormality determination unit that determines abnormality of the CR filter based on an average of the plurality of time constants.
The voltage detection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the battery is an assembled battery including a plurality of cell batteries.
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| WO2020003850A1 (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2020-01-02 | パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 | Integrated circuit, battery monitoring device, and battery monitoring system |
| CN112334780A (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2021-02-05 | 新唐科技日本株式会社 | Integrated circuit, battery monitoring device, and battery monitoring system |
| JPWO2020003850A1 (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2021-08-12 | ヌヴォトンテクノロジージャパン株式会社 | Integrated circuits, battery monitoring devices, and battery monitoring systems |
| EP3816639A4 (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2021-08-25 | Nuvoton Technology Corporation Japan | Integrated circuit, battery monitoring device, and battery monitoring system |
| JP7467337B2 (en) | 2018-06-27 | 2024-04-15 | ヌヴォトンテクノロジージャパン株式会社 | Integrated circuit, battery monitoring device, and battery monitoring system |
| US11965933B2 (en) | 2018-06-27 | 2024-04-23 | Nuvoton Technology Corporation Japan | Integrated circuit, battery monitoring device, and battery monitoring system |
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