JP2017166783A - Control device, control method and program - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve efficiency for converting solar energy during time of restricting power generation output.SOLUTION: A pump control part (13) controls a pump to change the current flow rate of a heat medium into a first direction and then, if a second heat collection amount exceeds a first heat collection amount, change the post-change flow rate further into the first direction and, if the second heat collection amount is equal to or lower than the first heat collection amount, change the post-change flow rate into a second direction till the current flow rate becomes a flow rate after the current flow rate is changed into the second direction opposite to the first direction.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a control device, a control method, and a program.

  Photovoltaic power generation, wind power generation, and the like are attracting attention as power generation methods that can suppress carbon dioxide emissions by using natural energy. In addition, with the implementation of a system in which electric power companies purchase the generated power, the spread of solar power generation to general households and industrial facilities is progressing.

  Conventionally, a so-called photovoltaic power collection panel in which a collector for collecting solar heat is attached to the back surface of the photovoltaic panel has also been proposed. This panel can collect solar heat in addition to photovoltaic power generation. If the collected heat is used for hot water supply or heating, utilization of natural energy can be further promoted. Patent Document 1 discloses an example of a conventional solar power collection system.

JP 2013-185724 A (published September 19, 2013)

  The system of Patent Document 1 appropriately increases or decreases the flow rate of the heat medium circulating in the heat medium circulation path in order to stabilize the power generation output by controlling the temperature of the photovoltaic power generation panel. However, even if the fluctuation of the power generation output due to the temperature change of the photovoltaic power generation panel is suppressed, the fluctuation of the power generation output becomes larger due to the change of solar radiation or weather. In the time zone when the solar radiation is strong during the day, if the power supply exceeds the power demand as a result of the increase in power generation output by solar power generation, a large-scale power outage will occur due to instability of the power system, etc. There is a fear.

  Conventionally, in order not to cause such a situation, output restriction is performed to restrict the connection to the photovoltaic power generation system so that the supply of electric power does not exceed the power demand as necessary. When the output is restricted, the amount of solar power that can be supplied to the system is restricted, so the power generation load state of the photovoltaic panel is changed to reduce the output power of the photovoltaic panel to cope with it. The As a result, a part of the solar energy that can be converted into electric power is not converted into electric power but is discarded as heat. As described above, the conventional technique has a problem that the conversion efficiency of solar energy is lowered when the power generation output is limited.

  The present invention has been completed to solve the above problems. And the objective is to provide the control apparatus, control method, and program which can improve the conversion efficiency of the solar energy at the time of restriction | limiting of an electric power generation output.

  In order to solve the above problems, a control device according to the present invention is a control device that controls a circulation device that circulates a heat medium in a circulation path connected to a heat collector provided in a photovoltaic power generation panel. When the first heat collection amount of the heat in the heat collector is calculated based on the current flow rate of the heat medium and an instruction to limit the power generation output by the solar power generation panel is received, the flow rate is changed to the first flow rate. The circulation device is controlled to change in the direction of 1, the second heat collection amount of the heat in the heat collector is calculated based on the flow rate after the change, and the second heat collection amount is the first heat collection amount. If the amount of heat collected exceeds the amount of heat collected, the circulating device is controlled so as to further change the flow rate after the change in the first direction, and the second amount of collected heat is less than or equal to the first amount of collected heat. The flow rate after change is the same as the flow rate before change. The direction controls the circulation unit to change to the second direction until the flow rate of the after changing in a second direction opposite, is characterized in that.

  In order to solve the above problems, a control method according to the present invention is a control method for controlling a circulation device that circulates a heat medium in a circulation path connected to a heat collector provided in a photovoltaic power generation panel. When the first heat collection amount of the heat in the heat collector is calculated based on the current flow rate of the heat medium and an instruction to limit the power generation output by the solar power generation panel is received, the flow rate is changed to the first flow rate. The circulation device is controlled to change in the direction of 1, the second heat collection amount of the heat in the heat collector is calculated based on the flow rate after the change, and the second heat collection amount is the first heat collection amount. If the amount of heat collected exceeds the amount of heat collected, the circulation device is controlled to further change the flow rate in the first direction, and if the second amount of collected heat is less than or equal to the first amount of collected heat, the changed amount The flow rate before the change is changed to the first direction. Until the flow rate after the changing in a second direction opposite to control the circulation unit to change to the second direction, and wherein the.

  According to one aspect of the present invention, there is an effect that the heat collection efficiency of solar heat can be improved.

It is a block diagram which shows the principal part structure of the control apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the principal part structure of the solar energy power collection system which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the output voltage (operating voltage) and output electric power of the solar panel which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a figure explaining the improvement of the heat collection efficiency in Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a flowchart explaining the flow of the whole process which the control apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention performs. It is a flowchart which shows the flow of the flow control process of the thermal medium which the control apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention performs. It is a figure which shows the principal part structure of the solar power generation heat collecting system which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the principal part structure of the control apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is the figure which listed the description of each parameter after the flow volume change in Embodiment 2 of this invention, and before a change. It is a flowchart which shows the flow of the heat collection amount control process of the heat medium which the control apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention performs. It is a figure which shows the principal part structure of the solar power generation heat collecting system which concerns on Embodiment 3 of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the principal part structure of the control apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 3 of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the flow of the flow control process of the thermal medium which the control apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention performs. It is a figure which shows the principal part structure of the solar power generation heat collecting system which concerns on Embodiment 4 of this invention.

Embodiment 1
Embodiment 1 according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

(Configuration of the solar power collection system 10)
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a main configuration of the solar power generation heat collecting system 10 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. As shown in this figure, a solar power generation heat collection system 10 includes a control device 1, a solar panel 2 (photovoltaic power generation panel), a power conditioner 3, a heat collector 4, a circulation path 5, and a pump 6 (circulation device). , A heat storage tank 7 and a server 8. Of these, it is assumed that the server 8 is installed on the side of the electric power company that provides the commercial power system to each household, and the rest is installed for general households. The solar panel 2, the power conditioner 3, and the heat collector 4 constitute a solar power collector.

  The solar panel 2 generates direct-current power using the irradiated sunlight and supplies it to the power conditioner 3.

  The power conditioner 3 converts the DC power generated by the solar panel 2 into AC power and supplies it to a household load, a power storage device, etc. (not shown). The power conditioner 3 basically controls the operating voltage of the solar panel 2 so that the generated power of the solar panel 2 is always maximized.

  The heat collector 4 is installed on the lower surface of the solar panel 2 and is warmed by heat generated by the irradiation of sunlight.

  The circulation path 5 is a hollow pipe made of a heat insulating material. The inside of the circulation path 5 is filled with a heat medium, and this heat medium circulates inside the circulation path 5 by driving the pump 6.

  The pump 6 is driven based on the control by the control device 1 to circulate the heat medium inside the circulation path 5.

  The pump 6 may have any configuration as long as it has a function of controlling the flow rate of the heat medium. For example, the pump 6 may be a pump that can continuously change the flow rate. Alternatively, the pump may be capable of changing the flow rate by controlling the duty ratio of the operation or stop of the pump.

  Alternatively, the pump 6 may be operated or stopped, but may not have a function of changing the flow rate. In this case, a flow rate control device that can control the flow rate (for example, a valve that can adjust the opening / closing amount) may be additionally provided on the output side of the pump 6. When the pump 6 does not have a flow control function, the pump control unit 13 changes the flow rate of the heat medium by controlling the flow control device.

  The heat storage tank 7 is a tank that accumulates solar heat collected by the heat collector 4.

  The server 8 transmits the power generation output control information to the control device 1. The power generation output control information is data indicating the upper limit of the AC output of the photovoltaic power generation apparatus in a specific time zone on a specific date as a percentage. Different output control patterns are prepared depending on the photovoltaic power generation apparatus.

  The heat medium may be any fluid as long as the circulation path 5 is a fluid that can circulate inside. For example, water may be used, or various antifreeze solutions (propylene glycol aqueous solution, ethylene glycol aqueous solution, etc.) may be used.

(Heat medium circulation)
The heat collector 4 is configured so that a heat medium can flow into the heat collector 4. One end of the circulation path 5 is connected to an inlet through which the heat medium flows into the heat collector 4, and the other end is connected to an outlet through which the heat medium flows out from the heat collector 4. The pump 6 is arranged closer to the inlet of the heat collector 4 in the circulation path 5, while the heat storage tank 7 is arranged closer to the outlet of the heat collector 4 in the circulation path 5.

  The pump 6 circulates the heat medium at a flow rate so that the heat medium flows from the inlet of the heat collector 4 into the heat collector 4. The heat medium flowing out from the outlet of the heat collector 4 first goes to the heat storage tank 7, goes to the pump 6 through the heat storage tank 7, and finally goes to the inlet of the heat collector 4 through the pump 6. Circulates inside the circulation path 5.

(Solar heat collection and accumulation)
The heat collector 4 is warmed by solar heat (thermal energy) of sunlight irradiated on the solar panel 2. The heat collector 4 exchanges heat between the heat collector 4 and the heat medium when the heat medium circulating in the circulation path 5 moves inside the heat collector 4 from the inlet to the outlet of the heat collector 4. Is configured to be performed. When the temperature of the heat medium is lower than the temperature of the heat collector 4 by this heat exchange, the heat medium 4 is heated by the heat medium. Thereby, the heat collector 4 collects solar heat into a heat medium.

  A heat medium (for example, water) for accumulating heat is accumulated in the heat storage tank 7. Inside the circulation path 5, the heat medium circulates from the outlet of the heat collector 4 toward the inlet of the heat storage tank 7. Therefore, the heat medium heated by the heat collector 4 is supplied to the heat storage tank 7 through the circulation path 5. In the heat storage tank 7, heat exchange is performed between the heat medium accumulated in the heat storage tank 7 and the heat medium circulating in the circulation path 5. By this heat exchange, when the temperature of the heat medium in the heat storage tank 7 is lower than the temperature of the heat medium in the circulation path 5, the heat medium in the heat storage tank 7 is warmed by the heat medium in the circulation path 5. As a result, the solar heat collected by the heat collector 4 is accumulated in the heat storage tank 7.

  Since the heat medium flowing in from the inlet of the heat collector 4 is heated by the heat collector 4 and then flows out from the outlet of the heat collector 4, basically, the heat medium inlet temperature T <b> 1 at the inlet of the heat collector 4. Rather, the outlet temperature T2 of the heat medium at the outlet of the heat collector 4 becomes higher.

(Configuration of control device 1)
FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a main configuration of a control device 1 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. As illustrated in FIG. 1, the control device 1 includes a power generation output control unit 11, a temperature acquisition unit 12, a pump control unit 13, a heat collection amount calculation unit 14, and a heat collection amount comparison unit 15.

  The power generation output control unit 11 receives power generation output control information from the server 8. The power generation output control unit 11 determines whether or not to limit the power generation output of the power conditioner 3 by referring to the received power generation output control information. Based on the determination result, the power conditioner 3 is instructed to limit or cancel the power generation output.

  The temperature acquisition unit 12 includes the temperature of the heat medium in the circulation path 5 at the inlet of the heat collector 4 (inlet temperature T1) and the temperature of the heat medium in the circulation path 5 at the outlet of the heat collector 4 (outlet temperature T2). ) Respectively.

  The pump control unit 13 controls the pump 6. For example, the pump 6 is operated or stopped. Alternatively, the pump 6 is instructed to change the flow rate per unit time of the heat medium flowing through the circulation path 5.

  The heat collection amount calculation unit 14 calculates the amount of solar heat collected by the heat collector 4 (heat collection amount).

  The heat collection amount comparison unit 15 compares the heat collection amounts calculated at two different points in time. As will be described in detail later, the pump control unit 13 controls the pump 6 so as to appropriately change the flow rate of the heat medium based on the comparison result.

(Control of power generation output)
A specific method for controlling the power generation output of the power conditioner 3 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between the output voltage (operating voltage) and the output power of the solar panel 2 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. In this figure, the horizontal axis represents the output voltage of the solar panel 2, and the vertical axis represents the output power of the solar panel 2.

  The power conditioner 3 normally sets the load point of the solar panel 2 so that the output power of the solar panel 2 is maximized. The load point is an arbitrary point on the curve that defines the relationship between the output voltage and output power of the solar panel 2 shown in FIG. For example, in the example of FIG. 3, the load point 31 is a point where the output power of the solar panel 2 is maximized. If the power conditioner 3 controls the solar panel 2 to operate at an output voltage corresponding to the load point 31, the load point of the solar panel 2 is set to the load point 31. At this time, the output power of the solar panel 2 is the maximum output power Pmax.

  When receiving the power generation output restriction instruction, the power conditioner 3 changes the load point of the solar panel 2 so that the output power of the solar panel 2 becomes smaller than the maximum value. In the example of FIG. 3, when the power conditioner 3 controls the solar panel 2 to operate at the output voltage corresponding to the load point 32 or the output voltage corresponding to the load point 33 when the power generation output is limited, The second load point is set to the load point 32 or 33. In either case, the output power of the solar panel 2 is reduced to the output power Plim corresponding to the load point 32 or 33. Accordingly, the power generation output of AC power by the power conditioner 3 is also limited to an output corresponding to the output power Plim.

  On the other hand, when receiving the power generation output restriction release instruction, the power conditioner 3 changes the load point of the solar panel 2 so that the output power of the solar panel 2 becomes the maximum value. In the example of FIG. 3, the power conditioner 3 controls the solar panel 2 so as to operate at the output voltage corresponding to the load point 31 when the power generation output restriction is released, so that the load point of the solar panel 2 becomes the load point. 31 is set. Thereby, the output power of the solar panel 2 rises to the maximum output power Pmax corresponding to the load point 31. Along with this, the power generation output of AC power by the power conditioner 3 returns to an output corresponding to the maximum output power Pmax.

(Improvement of heat collection efficiency)
FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining improvement in heat collection efficiency in the first embodiment of the present invention. The heat collection efficiency in the heat collector 4 is defined by the following equation.

Heat collection efficiency = a0−a1 × (average entrance / exit temperature−air temperature) ÷ amount of solar radiation In this equation, the entrance / exit average temperature is the average value of the entrance temperature T1 and the exit temperature T2 ((T1 + T2) ÷ 2). a0 and a1 are the zeroth order coefficient and the first order coefficient of the linear regression line with respect to the result of plotting the relationship between the measured value of the heat collection efficiency and the measured value of (entrance / exit average temperature−temperature) × the amount of solar radiation. That is, a0 and a1 are values obtained by experiments. a0 is an intercept in the linear regression line, and a1 is the slope of the linear regression line. a0 and a1 are basically values determined according to the heat collecting performance of the solar panel 2. However, in the so-called photoelectric hybrid panel in which the solar collector 4 that collects solar heat is attached to the back surface of the solar panel 2 as in this embodiment, the value is determined according to the power generation load state.

  The vertical axis in FIG. 4 indicates the heat collection efficiency, and the horizontal axis indicates (entrance / exit average temperature−air temperature) × the amount of solar radiation. When the solar panel 2 operates at the load point 31 corresponding to the maximum output power Pmax, a linear regression line indicating the relationship between the heat collection efficiency and (the average temperature of the inlet / outlet) × the amount of solar radiation is shown as a straight line 41 in FIG. Show. On the other hand, the solar panel 2 operates at the load point 32 or 33 corresponding to the output power Plim when the power generation output is limited, and the flow rate control processing (details will be described later) shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. In FIG. 4, a linear regression line indicating the relationship between the heat collection efficiency and (the average temperature of the entrance / exit-temperature) × the amount of solar radiation is shown as a straight line 42 in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 4, since the heat collection efficiency characteristics of the heat collector 4 are different depending on the load state related to solar power generation of the solar panel 2, if the heat collection control state of the heat collector 4 is changed according to the power generation load state, There is room for increasing the amount of heat collection.

  The solar power generation heat collecting system 10 according to the present embodiment performs both solar power generation by changing energy contained in sunlight into electric power and solar heat collection that collects energy contained in sunlight as heat. Do. When the power generation output is limited, part of the solar energy that is originally available for power generation is not used for power generation. Traditionally, this energy has not been effectively utilized and has simply been thrown away. In the solar power generation heat collecting system 10 according to the present embodiment, by performing flow rate control for increasing the amount of heat collected in the heat collector 4 when the power generation output is limited, solar energy that is no longer used for power generation when the power generation output is limited. Make effective use of heat energy. Details thereof will be described below.

(Overall processing flow)
FIG. 5 is a flowchart for explaining the overall flow of processing executed by the control device 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

  First, the power generation output control unit 11 receives the power generation output control information transmitted from the server 8 (S1). The power generation output control unit 11 determines whether or not to limit the power generation output of the solar panel 2 by referring to the received information (S2). For example, when the current time is within the time zone defined in the power generation output control information that the upper limit of the power generation output is less than 100%, it is determined that the power generation output should be limited.

  If S2 is NO, the process of FIG. 5 returns to S1. On the other hand, if S2 is YES, the power generation output control unit 11 instructs the power conditioner 3 to limit the power generation output (S3). In response to this instruction, the power conditioner 3 sets the load point of the solar panel 2 to the load point 32 or 33 where the power generation output is reduced below the maximum value. Thereby, the power generation output is limited.

  After S3, the pump control unit 13 stores the current flow rate of the heat medium (S4). Thereafter, the control device 1 executes a heat medium flow rate control process for increasing the heat collection amount (S5). Details of this processing will be described later.

  During the execution of S5, the power generation output control unit 11 appropriately determines whether or not to cancel the power generation output limit of the solar panel 2 by referring to the received power generation output control information (S6). For example, when the current time is within the time zone defined in the power generation output control information that the upper limit of the power generation output is 100%, it is determined that the power generation output should be canceled. If S7 is NO, the control device 1 continues the flow rate control for increasing the heat collection amount (S7). Further, the processing of FIG. 5 returns to S6. Therefore, the control device 1 continues the flow rate control for increasing the heat collection amount as long as the situation where the power generation output should be limited continues.

  On the other hand, if S6 is YES, the control device 1 stops the flow rate control for increasing the heat collection amount (S8). When the stop process is completed, the pump control unit 13 controls the pump 6 to return the flow rate of the heat medium to the original value (stored value) (S9). Thereby, the pump 6 returns the flow rate of the heat medium to the value before the power generation output limit.

  After S9, the power generation output control unit 11 instructs the power conditioner 3 to cancel the limitation of the power generation output (S10). In response to this instruction, the power conditioner 3 sets the load point of the solar panel 2 to the load point 32 at which the maximum power generation output is obtained. As a result, the restriction on maximum power generation is released. Thereafter, the heat medium circulates in the circulation path 5 at a flow rate before the restriction.

(Heat medium flow control process)
FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the flow of the heat medium flow rate control process executed by the control device 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

  As shown in this figure, first, the heat collection amount calculation unit 14 calculates a heat collection amount X1 (first heat collection amount) in the heat collector 4 based on the current flow rate of the heat medium (S21). The following formula (1) is used to calculate the amount of heat collection based on the flow rate of the heat medium.

Heat collection amount = inlet / outlet temperature difference x flow rate of heat medium x specific heat of heat medium x density of heat medium (1)
In Expression (1), the inlet / outlet temperature difference is a value (T2−T1) obtained by subtracting the inlet temperature T1 from the outlet temperature T2 of the heat collector 4. This is calculated by the temperature acquisition unit 12. The specific heat and density of the heat medium are preset in the control device 1 as constants.

  The calculation procedure of the heat collection amount based on the flow rate of the heat medium is as follows. First, the temperature acquisition unit 12 acquires the inlet temperature T1 and the outlet temperature T2 before the flow rate is changed, calculates the inlet / outlet temperature difference by subtracting the inlet temperature T1 from the outlet temperature T2, and supplies it to the heat collection amount calculation unit 14. . The pump control unit 13 stores the current flow rate of the heat medium, and supplies the value to the heat collection amount calculation unit 14. The heat collection amount calculation unit 14 calculates the heat collection amount X1 using Equation (1) based on the supplied inlet / outlet temperature difference and flow rate.

(Control of heat collection by increasing flow rate)
The heat collection amount comparison unit 15 stores the calculated heat collection amount X1 (S22). Thereafter, the pump control unit 13 controls the pump 6 so as to increase the current flow rate of the heat medium by a predetermined value ΔU (S23). Under this control, the pump 6 increases the flow rate of the heat medium by ΔU (F = F + ΔU). Further, the pump control unit 13 increases the stored value of the flow rate of the heat medium by ΔU.

  When the increase control of the flow rate is completed, the heat collection amount calculation unit 14 calculates the heat collection amount X2 (second heat collection amount) of the heat collector 4 based on the flow rate after the increase using Expression (1) (S24). . At that time, the temperature acquisition unit 12 first acquires the inlet temperature T1 and the outlet temperature T2 after the flow rate change increase, and calculates the inlet / outlet temperature difference after the flow rate increase by subtracting the inlet temperature T1 from the outlet temperature T2, It supplies to the heat collection amount calculation part 14. The pump control unit 13 supplies the stored value of the increased flow rate to the heat collection amount calculation unit 14. The heat collection amount calculation unit 14 calculates the heat collection amount X2 using Equation (1) based on the supplied inlet / outlet temperature difference and flow rate (S24).

  The heat collection amount comparison unit 15 determines whether or not the heat collection amount X2 exceeds the heat collection amount X1 by comparing the calculated heat collection amount X2 and the stored value of the heat collection amount X1 (S25). If S25 is YES, the heat collection amount comparison unit 15 updates the stored value of the heat collection amount X1 to the heat collection amount X2 (S26). Thereafter, the processing of FIG. 6 returns to S23. Therefore, the pump control unit 13 controls the pump 6 so as to further increase the current flow rate of the heat medium by the predetermined value ΔU (S23). As a result, the flow rate of the heat medium further increases by ΔU.

  After this control, the heat collection amount calculation unit 14 calculates a heat collection amount X2 based on the flow rate after the second increase (S24). The heat collection amount comparison unit 15 compares the heat collection amount X2 after the second increase in the flow rate with the stored value of the heat collection amount X1 (S25). Since the stored value of the heat collection amount X1 at this time is equal to the heat collection amount based on the flow rate after the first increase by the previous processing of S26, the heat collection amount calculation unit 14 is eventually the second time. The heat collection amount X2 based on the increased flow rate is compared with the heat collection amount based on the first increased flow rate. Thus, the heat collection amount comparison unit 15 determines whether or not the heat collection amount further increases when the flow rate is further increased by ΔU.

  If S25 is YES, it means that the increase in flow rate was effective in increasing the amount of heat collected. Therefore, the control device 1 returns the process of FIG. 6 to S23 in the hope that the amount of heat collection will further increase if the flow rate is further increased. Therefore, the control device 1 controls the pump 6 so as to continuously increase the flow rate of the heat medium as long as the amount of heat collection increases due to the increase in the flow rate.

  On the other hand, if S25 is NO, the pump control unit 13 controls the pump 6 so as to return the flow rate of the heat medium to the value before the increase (S27). Under this control, the pump 6 decreases the flow rate of the heat medium by ΔU (F = F−ΔU). Further, the pump control unit 13 decreases the stored value of the flow rate of the heat medium by ΔU.

  The fact that S25 is NO means that the increase in the flow rate was not effective in increasing the amount of collected heat (rather, it was counterproductive). In this case, since it is desirable not to increase the flow rate, the control device 1 controls the pump 6 to return the flow rate to the value before the increase, thereby returning the heat collection amount to the value before the increase in the flow rate. As a result, when the heat collection amount is reduced by the increase in the flow rate (the heat collection amount X2 is smaller than the heat collection amount X1), the decrease can be recovered. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a decrease in the amount of heat collection.

(Heat collection control by reducing flow rate)
In other words, the increase in the flow rate is not effective in increasing the heat collection amount, which means that the decrease in the flow rate may be effective in increasing the heat collection amount. Therefore, when S25 is NO, the pump control unit 13 controls the pump 6 so that the flow rate returned to the value before the increase is decreased by a predetermined amount ΔL (S28). Under this control, the pump 6 increases the flow rate of the heat medium by ΔU (F = F−ΔL). Further, the pump control unit 13 decreases the stored value of the flow rate of the heat medium by ΔL.

  When the flow rate reduction control is completed, the heat collection amount calculation unit 14 calculates the heat collection amount X2 of the heat collector 4 based on the flow rate after the reduction, using Equation (1) (S29). At that time, the temperature acquisition unit 12 first acquires the inlet temperature T1 and the outlet temperature T2 after the flow rate is reduced, and subtracts the inlet temperature T1 from the outlet temperature T2, thereby calculating the inlet / outlet temperature difference after the flow rate is reduced. This is supplied to the calorific value calculation unit 14. The pump control unit 13 supplies the memory value of the reduced flow rate to the heat collection amount calculation unit 14. The heat collection amount calculation unit 14 calculates the heat collection amount X2 using Equation (1) based on the supplied inlet / outlet temperature difference and flow rate (S29).

  The heat collection amount comparison unit 15 determines whether or not the heat collection amount X2 exceeds the heat collection amount X1 by comparing the calculated heat collection amount X2 and the stored value of the heat collection amount X1 (S30). If S30 is YES, the heat collection amount comparison unit 15 updates the stored value of the heat collection amount X1 to the heat collection amount X2 (S31). Thereafter, the processing of FIG. 6 returns to S28. Therefore, the pump control unit 13 controls the pump 6 so as to further reduce the current flow rate of the heat medium by the predetermined value ΔL (S28). As a result, the flow rate of the heat medium is further reduced by ΔL.

  After this control, the heat collection amount calculation unit 14 calculates a heat collection amount X2 based on the flow rate after the second decrease (S29). The heat collection amount comparison unit 15 compares the heat collection amount X2 after the second flow rate decrease with the stored value of the heat collection amount X1 (S30). Since the stored value of the heat collection amount X1 at this time is equal to the heat collection amount based on the flow rate after the first decrease by the previous processing of S31, the heat collection amount calculation unit 14 is eventually the second time. This means that the heat collection amount X2 based on the flow rate after reduction is compared with the heat collection amount based on the flow rate after the first reduction. Thus, the heat collection amount comparison unit 15 determines whether or not the heat collection amount further increases when the flow rate is further decreased by ΔU.

  If S30 is YES, it means that the reduction in the flow rate was effective in reducing the heat collection amount. Therefore, the control device 1 returns the process of FIG. 6 to S28 in the hope that the amount of heat collection will further increase if the flow rate is further decreased. Therefore, the control device 1 controls the pump 6 so as to continuously decrease the flow rate of the heat medium as long as the amount of heat collection increases due to the decrease in the flow rate.

  On the other hand, if S30 is NO, the pump control unit 13 controls the pump 6 to return the flow rate of the heat medium to the value before the decrease (S27). Under this control, the pump 6 increases the flow rate of the heat medium by ΔU (F = F + ΔL). Further, the pump control unit 13 increases the stored value of the flow rate of the heat medium by ΔL.

  The fact that S25 is NO means that the decrease in the flow rate was not effective in increasing the amount of collected heat (rather, it was counterproductive). In this case, since it is desirable not to reduce the flow rate, the control device 1 controls the pump 6 so as to return the flow rate to the value before the reduction, thereby returning the heat collection amount to the value before the flow rate reduction. As a result, when the amount of heat collection is reduced due to the decrease in the flow rate (the amount of heat collection X2 is smaller than the amount of heat collection X1), the reduced amount can be recovered. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a decrease in the amount of heat collection.

  In other words, the decrease in the flow rate is not effective for increasing the heat collection amount, which means that the increase in the flow rate may be effective for increasing the heat collection amount. Therefore, when S30 is NO, the pump control unit 13 controls the pump 6 so that the flow rate returned to the value before the decrease is increased by a predetermined amount ΔU this time (S23). Therefore, the processing after S23 is performed again.

  As described above, when the heat collection amount increases as a result of performing the heat collection amount control R1 by increasing the flow rate of the heat medium, the control device 1 executes the heat collection amount control R1 again after further increasing the flow rate. On the other hand, when the heat collection amount does not increase by the heat collection amount control R1, the heat collection amount control R2 by decreasing the flow rate of the heat medium is performed. When the amount of heat collection is increased by the heat collection amount control R2, the heat collection amount control R2 is executed again after further reducing the flow rate. On the other hand, if the heat collection amount does not increase by the heat collection amount control R2, the heat collection amount control R1 by increasing the flow rate of the heat medium is executed.

  Thus, the control device 1 can control the flow rate so that the heat collection amount increases by appropriately performing the heat collection amount control R1 or the heat collection amount control R2 according to the increase / decrease result of the heat collection amount. In other words, the flow rate of the heat medium can be adjusted to a flow rate that provides the highest amount of heat collection that can be achieved. As a result, the heat collection amount of the heat collector 4 can be improved.

  Note that the flow control shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 is not necessarily performed only when the power generation output is limited. That is, the control device 1a can perform the flow rate control shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 even when the instruction for limiting the power generation output is not received. Thereby, if there is room for improvement in the heat collection efficiency before the start of the flow control, the effect of improving the heat collection efficiency by the flow control shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 can be obtained.

[Embodiment 2]
A second embodiment according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. Each member common to Embodiment 1 described above is denoted by the same reference numeral, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

(Configuration of Solar Power Collection System 10a)
FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a main configuration of a solar power collection system 10a according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. As shown in this figure, a solar power generation heat collecting system 10a includes a control device 1a, a solar panel 2, a power conditioner 3, a heat collector 4, a circulation path 5, a pump 6, a heat storage tank 7, a server 8, and a thermometer. 71 and a pyranometer 72. Since these are the same as those of the first embodiment except for the control device 1a, the thermometer 71, and the pyranometer 72, detailed description thereof is omitted.

  The thermometer 71 and the pyranometer 72 are installed for general households together with the solar panel 2 and the like. The thermometer 71 measures the temperature of the place where the solar panel 2 is installed, and the solar radiation meter 72 measures the solar radiation on the solar panel 2.

(Configuration of control device 1a)
FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing a main configuration of the control device 1a according to the second embodiment of the present invention. As shown in this figure, the control device 1 includes a power generation output control unit 11, a temperature acquisition unit 12, a pump control unit 13, a heat collection amount calculation unit 14, a heat collection amount comparison unit 15, an air temperature acquisition unit 16, and a solar radiation amount acquisition unit. 17 is provided.

  The temperature acquisition unit 16 acquires the temperature measured by the thermometer 71. The solar radiation amount acquisition unit 17 acquires the solar radiation amount measured by the solar radiation meter 72. The acquired temperature and solar radiation amount are both supplied to the heat collection amount calculation unit 14.

  As described in the first embodiment, the heat collection efficiency of the heat collector 4 can be defined by the following equation.

Heat collection efficiency = a0−a1 × (average entrance / exit temperature−air temperature) ÷ amount of solar radiation Further, the relationship shown in the following equation (2) exists between the heat collection efficiency and the heat collection amount.

Heat collection amount = heat collection efficiency x solar radiation quantity x area of solar panel 2 Formula (2)
Equation (2) does not include the flow rate. Therefore, the heat collection amount calculation unit 14 can calculate the heat collection amount of the heat collector 4 based on the temperature and the amount of solar radiation instead of the flow rate by using the equation (2).

  Equation (2) means that the amount of heat collected by the heat collector 4 is affected by the temperature and the amount of solar radiation. In other words, the amount of heat collection may change due to changes in the temperature and the amount of solar radiation. If the temperature or the amount of solar radiation greatly fluctuates within the time required to execute the heat collection amount control R1 or the heat collection amount control R2 of the first embodiment, the cause of the increase in the heat collection amount is the heat collection amount control R1 or the heat collection amount. It may not be possible to distinguish whether the control R2 has been executed or whether the temperature or the amount of solar radiation has fluctuated. Therefore, there is a possibility that it is erroneously determined that the flow rate change was not effective in increasing the heat collection amount even though the heat collection amount did not actually increase due to changes in the temperature or solar radiation rather than the flow rate change. Arise.

  In order to prevent such erroneous determination, the control device 1a according to the present embodiment, after determining the amount of heat collection due to the influence of the temperature or the amount of solar radiation after the heat collection amount control R1 or the heat collection amount control R2, The control by the heat collection amount control R1 or the heat collection amount control R2 is invalidated, and the same control is performed again.

(Parameter notation)
FIG. 9 is a table listing the notation of each parameter after the flow rate change and before the change in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

  Referring to FIG. 9, the heat collection amount calculation unit 14 calculates the heat collection amounts X1 and X2 based on the flow rate using Equation 1 as follows.

X1 = (T2.1−T1.1) × flow rate before change × specific heat × density X2 = (T2.1−T1.1) × flow rate after change × specific heat × density Here, in the case of the heat collection amount control R1, Flow rate after change = flow rate before change + ΔU. On the other hand, in the case of the heat collection amount control R2, the flow rate after change = the flow rate before change−ΔL.

  Referring to FIG. 9, the heat collection amount calculation unit 14 calculates a heat collection amount X1b (third heat collection amount), X2b, and X2b ′ (fourth heat collection amount) based on the air temperature and the amount of solar radiation from the equation (2). ) To calculate as follows.

X1b = (a0−a1 × ((T1.1 + T2.1) ÷ 2−A1) ÷ B1) × B1 × Solar panel 2 area X2b = (a0−a1 × ((T1.2 + T2.2) ÷ 2−A2) ) ÷ B2) × B2 × Solar panel 2 area X2b ′ = (a0−a1 × ((T1.1 + T2.1) ÷ 2−A2) ÷ B2) × B2 × Solar panel 2 area Referring to FIG. As explained, a0 and a1 are values determined according to the power generation load state of the solar panel 2, and can take different values depending on the usage mode of the solar power generation heat collecting system 10a. In the present embodiment, when calculating the amount of heat collection using Equation (2), a0 and a1 obtained in advance in any usage mode (for example, operation of the solar panel 2 at the load point 31 corresponding to the maximum power) are calculated. , Always used.

  The heat collection amount X1b is a heat collection amount based on the current temperature and the amount of solar radiation. The heat collection amount X2b is the amount of heat collection based on the average temperature at the entrance and exit after the flow rate change (increase or decrease), the air temperature, and the amount of solar radiation. The heat collection amount X2b 'is a heat collection amount based on the average temperature at the entrance and exit before the flow rate change (increase or decrease), the air temperature after the flow rate change (increase or decrease), and the amount of solar radiation.

  Since the average inlet / outlet temperature after the flow rate change is used for calculating X2b, the value of X2b is affected by changes in the inlet temperature T1 and the outlet temperature T2 due to the flow rate change. Therefore, X2b can be regarded as a value obtained by adding the amount of change in the heat collection amount caused by all of the flow rate change, the temperature change, and the solar radiation amount change to X1b before the flow rate change.

  On the other hand, since the average inlet / outlet temperature before the flow rate change is used for the calculation of X2b ′, the value of X2b ′ is not affected by changes in the inlet temperature T1 and the outlet temperature T2 due to the flow rate change. Therefore, X2b ′ can be regarded as a value obtained by adding the amount of change in the heat collection amount due to the change in temperature and the amount of solar radiation to X1b before the change in flow rate.

  Therefore, by comparing X1b and X2b ', it is possible to determine how large the rate of change of the heat collection amount due to changes in the temperature and the amount of solar radiation is irrelevant to the change in flow rate. Based on the determination result, the control device 1a determines whether to invalidate the heat collection amount control R1 or the heat collection amount control R2 and start again.

(Heat medium flow control process)
FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing a flow of the heat collection amount control process of the heat medium executed by the control device 1a according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

  As shown in this figure, first, the heat collection amount calculation unit 14 calculates a heat collection amount X1 in the heat collector 4 based on the current flow rate of the heat medium (S21). Further, the heat collection amount X1b based on the current temperature and the amount of solar radiation is calculated (S42).

  The procedure for calculating the amount of heat collected based on the temperature and the amount of solar radiation is as follows. The temperature acquisition unit 12 also calculates the inlet / outlet temperature average when calculating the current inlet / outlet temperature difference, and supplies it to the heat collection amount calculation unit 14. The temperature acquisition unit 16 acquires the current temperature and supplies it to the heat collection amount calculation unit 14. The solar radiation amount acquisition unit 17 acquires the current solar radiation amount and supplies it to the heat collection amount calculation unit 14. The heat collection amount calculation unit 14 calculates the heat collection amount X1b using Equation (2) based on the flow rate based on the supplied inlet / outlet temperature average, air temperature, and amount of solar radiation.

(Control of heat collection by increasing flow rate)
X1 and X1b are supplied to the heat collection amount comparison unit 15. The collected heat amount comparison unit 15 stores the collected heat amounts X1 and X1b (S43). Thereafter, the pump control unit 13 controls the pump 6 so as to increase the current flow rate of the heat medium by a predetermined value ΔU (S44). S44 to S48 are the same as S23 to S27 in FIG.

  In order to calculate X2b and X2b 'later, after S44, the air temperature acquisition unit 16 acquires the air temperature after the flow rate is increased. For the same reason, after S44, the solar radiation amount acquisition unit 17 acquires the solar radiation amount after the increase in the flow rate, and the temperature acquisition unit 12 calculates the inlet / outlet temperature after the increase in the flow rate when calculating the inlet / outlet temperature difference after the increase in the flow rate. The average is also calculated. All of these are supplied to the heat collection amount calculation unit 14.

  After S48, the heat collection amount calculation unit 14 calculates a heat collection amount X2b based on the inlet / outlet average temperature, the air temperature, and the amount of solar radiation after the flow rate is increased (S49). Further, the heat collection amount X2b 'based on the average temperature at the entrance and exit before the flow rate is increased, and the air temperature and the amount of solar radiation after the flow rate is increased (S50).

  The heat collection amount comparison unit 15 compares X2b ′ and X1b to determine whether or not the absolute value of the change rate from X1b to X2b ′ is less than a threshold value α (change rate threshold value) (S51). . α is a set value of the rate of change of the heat collection amount expected by one heat collection amount control R1 or heat collection amount control R2. For example, when a change in the heat collection amount of 1% is expected by one heat collection amount control R1 or heat collection amount control R2, α = 1% is preset in the control device 1a.

  If S51 is NO, the heat collection amount comparison unit 15 updates the stored value of the heat collection amount X1b to the heat collection amount X2b (S52). Thereafter, the processing of FIG. 10 returns to S44.

  The fact that S51 is NO means that the influence of the change in the temperature and the amount of solar radiation on the change in the heat collection amount was great. In this case, even if the flow rate is increased, the true cause of the increase in the heat collection amount is not that the increase in the flow rate is not effective, but that the influence of changes in the temperature and the amount of solar radiation is great. Therefore, when S51 is NO, the control device 1a prevents the erroneous determination that the flow rate increase has not been effective by performing the heat collection amount control R1 again.

  On the other hand, if S51 is YES, the process of FIG. 10 proceeds to S53. Accordingly, the pump control unit 13 controls the pump 6 so as to decrease the current flow rate of the heat medium by a predetermined value ΔL (S53). S53 to S57 are the same as S28 to S32 in FIG.

  In order to calculate X2b and X2b 'later, the air temperature acquisition unit 16 acquires the air temperature after the flow rate decreases after S53. For the same reason, after S53, the solar radiation amount obtaining unit 17 obtains the solar radiation amount after the flow rate is reduced, and the temperature obtaining unit 12 calculates the entrance / exit temperature difference after the flow rate is reduced. The temperature average is also calculated. All of these are supplied to the heat collection amount calculation unit 14.

  α is not a fixed value but may be an absolute value of the rate of change of the heat collection amount based on the flow rate (the rate of change from the heat collection amount X1 to the heat collection amount X2). In this case, since the change rate based on the actually collected heat collection amounts X1 and X2 is set as α, it is possible to more accurately determine whether there is an influence of the temperature and the amount of solar radiation.

  After S57, the heat collection amount calculation unit 14 calculates a heat collection amount X2b based on the inlet / outlet average temperature, the air temperature, and the amount of solar radiation after the flow rate is reduced (S58). Also, the heat collection amount X2b 'based on the average temperature at the entrance and exit before the increase and decrease of the flow rate, and the temperature and solar radiation amount after the decrease of the flow rate is calculated (S59).

  The heat collection amount comparison unit 15 determines whether or not the absolute value of the rate of change from X1b to X2b ′ is below the threshold α by comparing X2b ′ and X1b (S60). If S60 is NO, the heat collection amount comparison unit 15 updates the stored value of the heat collection amount X1b to the heat collection amount X2b (S60). Thereafter, the processing of FIG. 10 returns to S53.

  The fact that S60 is NO means that the influence of the change in the temperature and the amount of solar radiation on the change in the heat collection amount was great. In this case, it can be considered that the true cause of the increase in the amount of heat collected even when the flow rate is decreased is not that the decrease in the flow rate is effective, but that the influence of changes in temperature and solar radiation is large. Therefore, when S60 is NO, the control device 1a prevents the erroneous determination that the flow rate reduction is not effective by performing the heat collection amount control R2 again.

  On the other hand, if S60 is YES, the process of FIG. 10 proceeds to S44. Thereby, heat collection amount control R1 is performed again.

  As described above, when the heat collection amount does not increase as a result of performing the heat collection amount control R1 by increasing the flow rate of the heat medium, the control device 1 performs the influence determination J1 to collect the heat collection amount due to the influence of the temperature and the amount of solar radiation. It is determined whether the rate of change in the amount of heat was sufficiently small. If the influence determination J1 is NO, the heat collection amount control R1 is performed again. On the other hand, if the influence determination J1 is YES, the heat collection amount control R2 is performed. Thereby, it can prevent erroneously determining that the increase in the flow rate is not effective in increasing the heat collection amount.

  When the heat collection amount does not increase as a result of performing the heat collection amount control R2 by reducing the flow rate of the heat medium, the control device 1 performs the influence determination J2, and thus the rate of change of the heat collection amount due to the influence of the temperature and the amount of solar radiation is obtained. Determine if it was small enough. If the influence determination J2 is NO, the heat collection amount control R2 is performed again. On the other hand, if the influence determination J2 is YES, the heat collection amount control R1 is performed. Thereby, it can prevent erroneously determining that the decrease in the flow rate is not effective in increasing the heat collection amount.

  Further, when the heat collection amount based on the flow rate is increased by the heat collection amount control R1 (X2> X1), the control device 1a further increases the flow rate without performing the influence determination J1. This is a judgment that there is no problem because a desirable result that the amount of heat collection has increased is obtained regardless of the influence of an increase in the flow rate or the influence of changes in the temperature and the amount of solar radiation. Similarly, when the heat collection amount based on the flow rate is increased by the heat collection amount control R2 (X2> X1), the flow rate is further decreased without performing the influence determination J2. This is a judgment that there is no problem because a desirable result that the amount of heat collection has increased is obtained regardless of the influence of the increase in the flow rate or the influence of the change in the temperature and the amount of solar radiation.

[Embodiment 3]
A third embodiment according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. Each member common to the above-described first or second embodiment is denoted by the same reference numeral, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

(Configuration of solar power collection system 10b)
FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a main configuration of a solar power generation heat collecting system 10b according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. As shown in this figure, the solar power generation heat collecting system 10b includes a control device 1b, a solar panel 2, a power conditioner 3, a heat collector 4, a circulation path 5, a pump 6, a heat storage tank 7, a server 8, and a wind speed. A total of 111 is provided. Since these are the same as those of the first embodiment except for the control device 1b and the anemometer 111, detailed description thereof is omitted.

  The anemometer 111 is installed for general households together with the solar panel 2 and the like. The anemometer 111 measures the wind speed at the place where the solar panel 2 is installed.

(Configuration of control device 1b)
FIG. 12 is a block diagram illustrating a main configuration of the control device 1b according to the third embodiment of the present invention. As shown in this figure, the control device 1b includes a power generation output control unit 11, a temperature acquisition unit 12, a pump control unit 13, a heat collection amount calculation unit 14, a heat collection amount comparison unit 15, an air temperature acquisition unit 16, and a solar radiation amount acquisition unit 17. , And a wind speed acquisition unit 18.

  The wind speed acquisition unit 18 acquires the wind speed measured by the anemometer 111. The acquired wind speed is supplied to the heat collection amount calculation unit 14.

  The amount of heat collected by the heat collector 4 is affected by the wind speed around the solar panel 2. If the wind speed is too high, it may not be possible to calculate an accurate amount of heat collection. Therefore, the control device 1b according to the present embodiment suspends the calculation of the heat collection amount until the wind speed falls below the threshold δ (wind speed threshold). In other words, while the wind speed is equal to or higher than the threshold value δ, the process waits without calculating the heat collection amount, and the heat collection amount is calculated after the wind speed falls below the threshold value δ. Such standby processing is applied to all of the calculation of the heat collection amounts X1 and X2 based on the flow rate, and the heat collection amounts X1b, X2b, and X2b based on the temperature and the amount of solar radiation.

  The value of δ may be arbitrary, but is preferably 4 m / s. Thereby, it is possible to satisfy the test conditions of the liquid heat collection type collector defined in the JIS standard.

(Flow control process for increasing heat collection)
FIG. 13 is a flowchart illustrating the flow of the heat medium flow rate control process executed by the control device 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. Since the processing flow shown in this figure is basically the same as that shown in FIG. 10, differences will be mainly described.

  After starting the processing of FIG. 13, the wind speed acquisition unit 18 acquires the current wind speed H from the anemometer 111 and supplies it to the heat collection amount calculation unit 14. The heat collection amount calculation unit 14 determines whether or not the wind speed H is lower than the threshold δ (S71). If S71 is NO, the process of FIG. 13 returns to S71. That is, the heat collection amount calculation unit 14 stands by until the wind speed H falls below the threshold δ in S71.

  On the other hand, if S71 is YES, the heat collection amount calculation unit 14 calculates a heat collection amount X1 based on the current flow rate (S41). As a result, the heat collection amount X1 in a state where the wind speed around the solar panel 2 is sufficiently low is calculated, and thus an accurate value of the heat collection amount X1 is calculated. After calculating the heat collection amount X1, the heat collection amount calculation unit 14 then calculates a heat collection amount X1b based on the current temperature and solar radiation amount (S42). As a result, the heat collection amount X1b in a state where the wind speed around the solar panel 2 is sufficiently low is calculated, and thus the heat collection amount X1b having an accurate value is calculated.

  S43 and S44 are the same as FIG. After S <b> 44, the wind speed acquisition unit 18 acquires the current wind speed H from the anemometer 111 and supplies it to the heat collection amount calculation unit 14. The heat collection amount calculation unit 14 determines whether or not the wind speed H is lower than the threshold δ (S72). If S72 is NO, the process of FIG. 13 returns to S72. That is, the heat collection amount calculation unit 14 stands by until the wind speed H falls below the threshold δ in S72.

  On the other hand, if S72 is YES, the heat collection amount calculation unit 14 calculates the heat collection amount X2 based on the increased flow rate (S45). As a result, the heat collection amount X2 in a state where the wind speed around the solar panel 2 is sufficiently low is calculated, and thus an accurate value of the heat collection amount X2 is calculated.

  S46 to S53 are the same as those in FIG. Since S49 and S50 are also executed when S72 is YES, accurate heat collection amounts X2b and X2b 'are calculated.

  After S <b> 53, the wind speed acquisition unit 18 acquires the current wind speed H from the anemometer 111 and supplies it to the heat collection amount calculation unit 14. The heat collection amount calculation unit 14 determines whether or not the wind speed H is below the threshold δ (S73). If S73 is NO, the process of FIG. 13 returns to S73. That is, the heat collection amount calculation unit 14 stands by until the wind speed H falls below the threshold δ in S73.

  On the other hand, if S72 is YES, the heat collection amount calculation unit 14 calculates the heat collection amount X2 based on the decreased flow rate (S54). As a result, the heat collection amount X2 in a state where the wind speed around the solar panel 2 is sufficiently low is calculated, and thus an accurate value of the heat collection amount X2 is calculated.

  S55 to S61 are the same as those in FIG. Since S58 and S59 are also executed when S73 is YES, accurate heat collection amounts X2b and X2b 'are calculated.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, an inaccurate calculation of the heat collection amount can be prevented, so that the flow control for increasing the heat collection amount can be executed more accurately.

[Embodiment 4]
Embodiment 4 according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. Each member common to Embodiment 1 described above is denoted by the same reference numeral, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

  FIG. 14: is a figure which shows the principal part structure of the solar power generation heat collecting system 10c which concerns on Embodiment 4 of this invention. As shown in this figure, the solar power generation heat collecting system 10c includes a control device 1c, a solar panel 2, a heat collector 4, a power conditioner 3, a pump 6, a circulation path 5, a heat storage tank 7, and a server 8. ing.

  The configuration of the control device 1c is basically the same as that of the control device 1 according to the first embodiment. However, the control device 1c according to the present embodiment is configured so that the temperature T3 of the heat medium (water) inside the heat storage tank 7 can also be acquired.

(Driving conditions for pump 6)
The temperature acquisition unit 12 acquires the current inlet temperature T1, the outlet temperature T2, and the temperature T3. The pump control unit 13 starts the flow control of the heat medium according to the first embodiment by driving the pump 6 when the outlet temperature T2> temperature T3 + β when the pump 6 is stopped. β is a predetermined constant, and is set in the pump control unit 13 in advance. Thereby, since the circulation of the heat medium is started when the outlet temperature T2 of the heat medium is sufficiently higher than the temperature T3 of the water in the heat storage tank 7, the heat medium in the circulation path 5 and the heat storage tank 7 Heat is exchanged efficiently with water. Thereby, the heat in the heat storage tank 7 can be efficiently accumulated.

  If the outlet temperature T2 of the heat medium is not sufficiently higher than the temperature T3 of water, heat is not efficiently accumulated in the heat storage tank 7. If the pump 6 continues to operate in this situation, the operating power of the pump 6 is wasted. In the present embodiment, occurrence of such a problem can be prevented in advance.

(Pump 6 stop condition)
In the present embodiment, the pump control unit 13 stops the flow control of the heat medium according to the first embodiment by stopping the pump 6 when the outlet temperature T2 <temperature T3 + γ is satisfied during the operation of the pump 6. γ is a predetermined constant and is preset in the control device 1c. Thereby, since the circulation of the heat medium is stopped when the outlet temperature T2 of the heat medium is sufficiently lower than the temperature T3 of the water in the heat storage tank 7, the temperature of the water in the heat storage tank 7 may decrease. Is prevented.

  If the values of β and γ are increased or decreased, the drive frequency and stop frequency of the pump 6 can be adjusted. As a result, the amount of heat collected by the heat collector 4 can also be adjusted. If the value of β is too small, water in the heat storage tank 7 and a heat medium that does not change much in temperature are circulated to the heat storage tank 7, so that the efficiency of heat exchange in the heat storage tank 7 does not increase. On the other hand, if the value of β is too large, the circulation of the heat medium is not started unless the outlet temperature T2 becomes very high, so that the heat accumulation in the heat storage tank 7 is hardly started. Therefore, it is desirable to set β having an appropriate value in the control device 1c in consideration of these.

  It should be noted that the respective conditions according to the present embodiment can naturally be adopted as the respective conditions for starting or stopping the flow rate control of the second or third embodiment.

  The control blocks of the control devices 1 to 1C may be realized by a logic circuit (hardware) formed in an integrated circuit (IC chip) or the like, or may be realized by software using a CPU (Central Processing Unit). Good.

  In the latter case, the control devices 1 to 1C include a CPU that executes instructions of a program that is software that realizes each function, and a ROM (Read Only Memory) in which the program and various data are recorded so as to be readable by a computer (or CPU). ) Or a storage device (these are referred to as “recording media”), a RAM (Random Access Memory) for expanding the program, and the like. And the objective of this invention is achieved when a computer (or CPU) reads the said program from the said recording medium and runs it. As the recording medium, a “non-temporary tangible medium” such as a tape, a disk, a card, a semiconductor memory, a programmable logic circuit, or the like can be used. The program may be supplied to the computer via an arbitrary transmission medium (such as a communication network or a broadcast wave) that can transmit the program. The present invention can also be realized in the form of a data signal embedded in a carrier wave in which the program is embodied by electronic transmission.

[Summary]
The control apparatus which concerns on aspect 1 of this invention is the control which controls the circulation apparatus (pump 6) which circulates a thermal medium in the circulation path connected to the heat collector provided in the photovoltaic power generation panel (solar panel 2). When the apparatus receives an instruction to calculate the first heat collection amount (X1) of solar heat in the heat collector based on the current flow rate of the heat medium and to limit the power generation output by the solar power generation panel , Controlling the circulation device to change the current flow rate in the first direction, and calculating a second heat collection amount (X2) of the heat in the heat collector based on the flow rate after the change, When the second heat collection amount exceeds the first heat collection amount, the circulation device is controlled to further change the flow rate after the change in the first direction, and the second heat collection amount is When the amount is not more than the first heat collection amount, the above after the change Controlling the circulation device to change the amount in the second direction until the amount becomes the flow rate after the current flow rate is changed in the second direction opposite to the first direction. It is a feature.

  According to the above configuration, if changing the current flow rate in the first direction (for example, increasing) is effective for increasing the heat collection amount, the increased flow rate is further changed in the first direction. Therefore, it can be expected that the amount of heat collection will further increase. On the other hand, if changing the current flow rate in the first direction is not effective in increasing the amount of collected heat, this time, the flow rate after the change is changed to the flow rate before the change (current flow rate) in the second direction. It can be expected that the amount of heat collection will increase by changing (for example, decreasing) in the second direction until the flow rate after changing to. Thereby, since it is possible to avoid performing flow rate control that reduces the heat collection amount, the heat collection amount can be effectively increased.

  Moreover, according to said structure, the amount of heat collection can be increased by control of flow volume, without changing the structure of a photovoltaic power generation panel or a heat collector. Therefore, when the instruction | indication which restrict | limits the electric power generation output by a solar power generation panel is received, the heat collection efficiency of the solar heat by a heat collector can be improved. Thereby, since the solar energy that is no longer used for power generation when the power generation output is limited can be used more effectively as heat, the conversion efficiency of solar energy when the power generation output is limited can be improved.

  The control device according to aspect 2 of the present invention controls the circulation device to increase the current flow rate in the aspect 1, and increases when the second heat collection amount exceeds the first heat collection amount. When the circulation device is controlled to further increase the subsequent flow rate, and the second heat collection amount is equal to or less than the first heat collection amount, the increased flow rate is less than the current flow rate. It is characterized in that the circulating device is controlled so as to be reduced.

  According to the above configuration, if increasing the current flow rate is effective for increasing the heat collection amount, it is expected that the heat collection amount can be further increased by further increasing the flow rate after the increase. On the other hand, if increasing the current flow rate is not effective in increasing the amount of collected heat, this time, by reducing the flow rate after the increase to a flow rate less than the flow rate before the increase (current flow rate), The amount of heat collected can be expected to increase. Thereby, since it is possible to avoid performing flow rate control that reduces the heat collection amount, the heat collection amount can be effectively increased.

  When the control apparatus which concerns on aspect 3 of this invention controls the said circulation apparatus so that the said present flow volume may be decreased in the said aspect 1 or 2, and the said 2nd heat collection amount exceeds the said 2nd heat collection amount The circulating device is controlled so as to further reduce the flow rate after the decrease, and when the second heat collection amount is equal to or less than the second heat collection amount, the flow rate after the decrease is more than the current flow rate. The circulation device is controlled so as to increase to a large flow rate.

  According to the above configuration, if reducing the current flow rate is effective for increasing the heat collection amount, it is expected that the heat collection amount can be further increased by further reducing the flow rate after the decrease. On the other hand, if decreasing the current flow rate is not effective for increasing the amount of heat collected, this time, by increasing the flow rate after the decrease to a flow rate that is higher than the flow rate before the decrease (current flow rate), The amount of heat collected can be expected to increase. Thereby, since it is possible to avoid performing flow rate control that reduces the heat collection amount, the heat collection amount can be effectively increased.

  In the control device according to aspect 4 of the present invention, in any one of the aspects 1 to 3, the circulation path includes the inlet through which the heat medium flows into the heat collector and the heat from the heat collector. A third heat collection amount is calculated based on the inlet temperature, the outlet temperature, the air temperature, and the amount of solar radiation before the current flow rate is changed. A fourth heat collection amount is calculated based on the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature before the flow rate is changed, and the air temperature and the amount of solar radiation after the current flow rate is changed, and the second heat collection amount is calculated as described above. When the change rate from the third heat collection amount to the fourth heat collection amount is lower than the threshold value of the change rate, the flow rate after the change is changed to the second direction. Controlling the above circulation device to change to It is characterized.

  According to the above configuration, changing the current flow rate in the first direction is not effective in increasing the heat collection amount, and the influence of the temperature and the amount of solar radiation on the rate of change in the heat collection amount is sufficiently small. In this case, the changed flow rate is changed in the second direction. Thereby, after confirming that the influence of the temperature and the amount of solar radiation on the rate of change of the heat collection amount is small, it can be correctly determined that the change in the flow rate is effective in increasing the heat collection amount.

  In the control device according to aspect 5 of the present invention, in the aspect 4, the second heat collection amount is equal to or less than the first heat collection amount, and the third heat collection amount is changed to the fourth heat collection amount. When the rate of change is equal to or greater than the threshold value of the rate of change, the second heat collection amount of the heat is calculated again based on the flow rate after the change.

  According to the above configuration, when the influence of the air temperature and the amount of solar radiation on the rate of change of the heat collection amount is sufficiently large, the second heat collection amount after the flow rate change is calculated again. As a result, it is possible to prevent erroneous determination that the change in the flow rate is not effective in increasing the heat collection amount.

  In the aspect 4 or 5, the control device according to aspect 6 of the present invention converts the third heat collection amount to the fourth heat collection amount when the second heat collection amount exceeds the first heat collection amount. Regardless of the rate of change, the circulating device is controlled so as to further change the flow rate after the change in the first direction.

  According to the above configuration, it is possible to obtain a desirable result of an increase in the amount of collected heat regardless of which change in flow rate, temperature, or amount of solar radiation was effective.

  In the control device according to aspect 7 of the present invention, in any of the above aspects 4 to 6, the change rate threshold is a change rate from the first heat collection amount to the second heat collection amount. It is a feature.

  According to the above configuration, since the threshold value of the change rate according to the actual change in the heat collection amount based on the flow rate is a comparison target, the presence or absence of the influence of the temperature and solar radiation amount on the change rate of the heat collection amount is more accurately determined be able to.

  The control device according to aspect 8 of the present invention, in any of the above aspects 1 to 7, calculates the first heat collection amount or the second heat collection amount according to the current wind speed around the photovoltaic power generation panel. The suspension is made until the wind speed falls below the threshold value.

  According to the above configuration, it is possible to calculate a more accurate first heat collection amount or second heat collection amount.

  The control device according to aspect 9 of the present invention, in any of the above aspects 1 to 8, when the instruction to limit the power generation output by the solar power generation panel is not received, the current flow rate in the first direction. The circulating device is controlled so as to be changed.

  According to the above configuration, the amount of heat collection can be further improved even when the power generation output is not limited.

  A control method according to the tenth aspect of the present invention is a control method for controlling a circulation device that circulates a heat medium in a circulation path connected to a heat collector provided in a solar power generation panel. When the first heat collection amount of the heat in the heat collector is calculated based on the current flow rate and an instruction to limit the power generation output by the solar power generation panel is received, the flow rate is changed in the first direction. When the circulation device is controlled as described above, the second heat collection amount of the heat in the heat collector is calculated based on the changed flow rate, and the second heat collection amount exceeds the first heat collection amount When the circulation device is controlled to further change the flow rate in the first direction, and the second heat collection amount is equal to or less than the first heat collection amount, the flow rate after the change is changed to the value before the change. The flow rate in a second direction opposite to the first direction. Controlling the circulation device to change to the second direction until the flow rate after being reduction is characterized by.

  According to said structure, the conversion efficiency of the solar energy at the time of restriction | limiting of an electric power generation output can be improved.

  A program for causing a computer to execute the control method described above and a computer-readable recording medium on which the program is recorded also fall within the scope of the present invention.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the claims. Embodiments obtained by appropriately combining technical means disclosed in different embodiments are also included in the technical scope of the present invention. A new technical feature can also be formed by combining the technical means disclosed in each embodiment.

  The “change in the first direction” described in the claims is a superordinate concept including an increase or a decrease. If the change in the first direction is an increase, the change in the second direction is a decrease. Conversely, if the change in the second direction is a decrease, the change in the second direction is an increase. .

1, 1a, 1b, 1c Control device 2 Solar panel (solar power generation panel)
3 Power conditioner 4 Heat collector 5 Circulation path 6 Pump (circulation device)
7 Heat storage tank (heat storage device)
8 Servers 10, 10a, 10b, 10c Photovoltaic power collection system 11 Power generation output control unit 12 Temperature acquisition unit 13 Pump control unit 14 Heat collection amount calculation unit 15 Heat collection amount comparison unit 16 Temperature acquisition unit 17 Solar radiation amount acquisition unit 18 Wind speed acquisition Part 71 Thermometer 72 Radiometer 111 Anemometer

Claims (6)

A control device for controlling a circulation device that circulates a heat medium in a circulation path connected to a heat collector provided in a solar power generation panel,
Based on the current flow rate of the heat medium, calculate a first heat collection amount of solar heat in the collector,
When receiving an instruction to limit the power generation output by the solar power generation panel, the circulating device is controlled to change the current flow rate in the first direction,
Based on the flow rate after the change, calculate the second heat collection amount of the heat in the heat collector,
When the second heat collection amount exceeds the first heat collection amount, the circulating device is controlled to further change the flow rate after the change in the first direction,
When the second heat collection amount is equal to or less than the first heat collection amount, the flow rate after changing the current flow rate in a second direction opposite to the first direction is changed. Controlling the circulating device to change in the second direction until
A control device characterized by that. The circulation path is connected to an inlet through which the heat medium flows into the heat collector and an outlet through which the heat medium flows out from the heat collector,
Calculating a third heat collection amount based on the inlet temperature, the outlet temperature, the air temperature, and the amount of solar radiation before changing the current flow rate;
Calculating the fourth heat collection amount based on the temperature of the inlet and the temperature of the outlet before changing the current flow rate, and the air temperature and the amount of solar radiation after changing the flow rate,
When the second heat collection amount is equal to or less than the first heat collection amount and the rate of change from the third heat collection amount to the fourth heat collection amount is lower than a change rate threshold, the changed amount Controlling the flow rate to change in the second direction until the flow rate becomes a flow rate after changing the current flow rate in a second direction opposite to the first direction,
The control device according to claim 1. When the second heat collection amount is less than or equal to the first heat collection amount and the rate of change from the third heat collection amount to the fourth heat collection amount is equal to or greater than the threshold value of the change rate, after the change Recalculating the second heat collection amount of the heat based on the flow rate of
The control device according to claim 2. When the second heat collection amount exceeds the first heat collection amount, the flow rate after the change is changed in the first direction regardless of the rate of change from the third heat collection amount to the fourth heat collection amount. Controlling the circulator to change further to
The control device according to claim 2 or 3, wherein A control method for controlling a circulation device for circulating a heat medium in a circulation path connected to a heat collector provided in a photovoltaic power generation panel,
Based on the current flow rate of the heat medium, calculate a first heat collection amount of solar heat in the collector,
When receiving an instruction to limit the power generation output by the solar power generation panel, the circulating device is controlled to change the current flow rate in the first direction,
Based on the flow rate after the change, calculate the second heat collection amount of the heat in the heat collector,
When the second heat collection amount exceeds the first heat collection amount, the circulation device is controlled to further change the flow rate after the change in the first direction,
When the second heat collection amount is equal to or less than the first heat collection amount, the flow rate after changing the current flow rate in a second direction opposite to the first direction is changed. Controlling the circulating device to change in the second direction until
A control method characterized by that.   A program for causing a computer to execute the control method according to claim 5.