JP2017112943A - Greening system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a highly water-retentive greening system having high constructability.SOLUTION: A greening system 1 is a greening system installed on an upper surface 10 of a structure. A first water retention layer 23 is composed of a rock wool sheet having a density when dried of 100 to 190 kg/m. A second water retention layer 24 is composed of at least one layer of a rock wool sheet having a density when dried of 30 to 90 kg/m. The ratio of the height of the second water retention layer 24 to the height of the first water retention layer 23 is in the range of 0.75 to 2.50. The greening system 1 has high constructability and is highly water-retentive.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a greening system.

  In recent years, a greening system using various plants including shrubs and vegetation has been demanded in order to realize greening with high design. In particular, in the case of a tree planting system for growing shrubs, a large amount of soil is usually required. Artificial lightweight soil is often used as such soil.

Japanese Patent No. 5594424 JP 2001-45861 A JP 2005-137368 A JP-A-2005-270020 JP-A-6-125664

  The soil described above is heavier than rock wool and other materials that are light in weight when dry, and is more likely to scatter. Therefore, a greening system using soil is less workable than a greening system that does not use soil. End up.

  In addition, when installing a greening system that has become heavy using soil, for example, on the roof or roof of the structure, it is necessary to increase the strength (load resistance, etc.) of the structure itself. In this case, measures such as thickening the pillars can be considered, but there may be a problem that the available space of the building or the like decreases or the construction cost of the building or the like increases.

  Although the above-mentioned problems are eliminated or improved by thinning the soil layer, the tree planting system using soil cannot secure sufficient water retention as a tree planting system, and can be used to grow plants when irrigation stops. Problems may arise.

  The inventors have newly found a greening system excellent in workability and water retention after extensive research.

  That is, an object of the present invention is to provide a greening system having high workability and high water retention.

A greening system according to an aspect of the present invention is a greening system installed on an upper surface of a structure, and a drainage layer, a water conveyance layer, a first water retention layer, and a second water retention layer are arranged in this order on the upper surface of the structure. It is possible to supply water to at least the second water-retaining layer of the laminated body, the planting provided in the hole provided in the second water-retaining layer of the laminated body and opening toward the upper surface of the second water-retaining layer. In an aspect, the drainage layer includes one or a plurality of irrigation pipes provided between the first water retention layer and the second water retention layer or in the second water retention layer and extending in a direction perpendicular to the lamination direction of the laminate. , Composed of a root-proof and water-impervious sheet, the water-conducting layer is composed of a non-woven fabric, and the first water-retaining layer is composed of a rock wool sheet having a dry density of 100 to 190 kg / m ³ , a second water-retaining layer, at least one layer having a dry density of 30~90kg / ^{m 3} Is composed of rock wool sheet, the ratio of the height of the second water retaining layer with respect to the height of the first water retaining layer is in the range of 0.75 to 2.50.

In the said greening system, the layer of a soil is not used but it is comprised using the rock wool sheet instead. That is, the first moisture-holding layer, dry density is used is rock wool sheet 100~190kg / ^{m 3,} as the second water-retaining layer, dry density used is rock wool sheet 30~90kg / ^{m 3} Yes. In such a greening system, sufficient water retention can be ensured by retaining the water of the rock wool sheets of the first water retention layer and the second water retention layer. In addition, by adopting the rock wool sheet, the above greening system is reduced in weight and does not cause the problem of soil scattering, so that high workability can be obtained.

  Moreover, the aspect comprised by the several rock wool sheet | seat laminated | stacked may be sufficient as a 2nd water retention layer. In this case, by adjusting the number of rock wool sheets, the height of the second water retention layer can be easily adjusted according to the type of plant or the like.

  Moreover, the aspect whose height of a 1st water retention layer is 20-80 mm and whose height of a 2nd water retention layer is 40-120 mm may be sufficient.

  Further, when there is one irrigation pipe, the distance from one side end of the first water retention layer and the second water retention layer is 1.5 to 6 m, and when there are a plurality of irrigation pipes, the interval between adjacent irrigation pipes The aspect which is 1.5-6m may be sufficient.

  A plurality of hollow frustums having a height of 3 to 13 mm, in which the root-proof / water-proof sheet constituting the drainage layer protrudes upward in the stacking direction of the laminate and is regularly arranged at intervals of 1 to 5 mm. The aspect which has a shape-like convex part may be sufficient.

Moreover, the aspect which has a fabric weight of 100-300 g / m < ² > may be sufficient as a nonwoven fabric.

  Moreover, the aspect which is a shrub planted in the culture medium may be sufficient.

  According to the present invention, a greening system having high workability and high water retention is provided.

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a greening system according to an embodiment. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG. FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway view showing the drainage layer and the water guide layer. FIG. 4 is a table showing characteristics of each greening system according to the example. FIG. 5 is a table showing characteristics of each greening system according to the comparative example.

  Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected about the same or equivalent element, and the description is abbreviate | omitted when description overlaps.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the greening system 1 according to the embodiment is installed on an upper surface 10 of a structure. The “structure” in the present specification includes buildings and structures intended for human residence, and structures such as towers and bridges not intended for human residence. The upper surface 10 of the structure is, for example, a rooftop. However, the upper surface 10 of the structure is not limited to the rooftop but may be a veranda or terrace of a building, a road, a parking lot, or the like.

  In the present embodiment, the upper surface 10 of the structure has a gradient (water gradient) attached so that water flows, and the water gradient is in the range of 7% or less, for example, 1 to 2%.

  In the following description, the normal direction of the upper surface 10 of the structure is the Z direction, the direction parallel to the upper surface 10 of the structure and the direction of the water gradient (water gradient direction) is the X direction, and the upper surface 10 of the structure. A direction parallel to the X direction and perpendicular to the X direction is referred to as a Y direction.

  The greening system 1 includes a stacked body 20, a frame member 30 that surrounds the periphery of the stacked body 20, and an irrigation tube 40 disposed inside the stacked body 20.

  The laminate 20 has a laminated structure in which a drainage layer 21, a water conduction layer 22, a first water retention layer 23, and a second water retention layer 24 are laminated. Specifically, the drainage layer 21, the water conveyance layer 22, the first water retention layer 23, and the second water retention layer 24 are arranged in this order along the normal direction (Z direction) of the upper surface 10 of the structure. The laminated body 20 is configured by being laminated. That is, the drainage layer 21 is laminated on the upper surface 10 of the structure, the water conveyance layer 22 is laminated on the upper surface of the drainage layer 21, the first water retention layer 23 is laminated on the upper surface of the water conveyance layer 22, and the second water retention layer 24 is It is laminated on the upper surface of one water retention layer 23.

  The drainage layer 21 is composed of a root-proof / water-proof sheet and has an uneven shape as shown in FIG. That is, the drainage layer 21 is composed of a sheet having a thin film-like sheet portion 26 and a plurality of convex portions 27 projecting from the upper surface thereof. As the sheet material, a synthetic resin (for example, polypropylene) is preferable from the viewpoint of cost and availability. The uneven shape can be obtained, for example, by pressing a thin film sheet.

  The drainage layer 21 has a drainage function for discharging excess moisture of the laminated body 20 in the water gradient direction, and the moisture that has fallen from the water guide layer 22 flows along the water gradient direction through between the convex portions 27. The drainage layer 21 also has a root-preventing / water-blocking function that prevents roots and water from entering the upper surface 10 of the structure.

  Each convex portion 27 has a hollow frustum shape extending upward along the Z direction (the stacking direction of the stacked body 20), and is designed to have the same shape and the same dimensions. More specifically, each convex part 27 has a hollow truncated cone shape in which the cross-sectional shape orthogonal to the Z direction is annular. However, the convex portion 27 is not limited to a hollow truncated cone shape, and may be a hollow truncated pyramid shape (for example, a hollow quadrangular truncated cone shape) or the like. Regarding the dimensions of the convex portion 27, the symbol H in FIG. 3 indicates the height of the convex portion, the symbol D1 indicates the lower base diameter of the convex portion, and the symbol D2 indicates the upper base diameter of the convex portion. The height H is designed in the range of 3 to 13 mm. Further, the lower base diameter D1 is designed in a range of 3 to 16 mm, and the upper base diameter D2 is designed in a range of 2 to 4 mm.

  The plurality of convex portions 27 are regularly arranged as shown in FIG. For example, a regular arrangement in which the row of convex portions 27 arranged at equal intervals P and the adjacent row of convex portions 27 arranged at equal intervals P are shifted by ½P can be adopted. An interval P between adjacent convex portions 27 (an interval on the upper surface of the sheet portion 26) is designed in a range of 1 to 5 mm.

  The drainage layer 21 can be fixed to the upper surface 10 of the structure in the seat portion 26 by a fastener such as a nail (not shown). The thickness of the sheet part 26 is designed in the range of 0.1 to 1.0 mm, for example. The drainage layer 21 can be formed by adding a plurality of sheets as required, such as a large installation area.

The water guide layer 22 is made of a nonwoven fabric, and is supported by the plurality of convex portions 27 described above on the drainage layer 21. As the non-woven fabric of the water guide layer 22, a non-woven fabric having a thickness of 0.5 to 5.0 mm and a basis weight of 100 to 300 g / m ² is adopted without allowing moisture and plant roots to pass through but passing through soil particles. As a material for the nonwoven fabric, a synthetic resin (for example, polyethylene) is preferable in terms of cost and availability. The non-woven fabric of the water guide layer 22 can also be formed by adding a plurality of non-woven fabrics as required, such as a large laying area.

  The 1st water retention layer 23 is comprised with the rock wool sheet | seat which functions as a culture medium. The rock wool sheet is configured by entanglement of mineral fibers irregularly, and can retain a large amount of water in the gaps between the fibers. Therefore, the first water retention layer 23 has moisture with respect to the planting 25 described later. Can be replenished.

  The rock wool sheet of the first water retention layer 23 has a hard rectangular mat shape, and the first water retention layer 23 is formed by laying a plurality of rock wool sheets without gaps.

The first water retention layer 23 has a height in the range of, for example, 10 to 90 mm, and preferably has a height in the range of 20 to 80 mm from the viewpoint of weight and compatibility between the water retention function and the drainage function. More preferably, it has a height in the range of 25 to 45 mm. In addition, the height of the 1st water retention layer 23, ie, the height of the rock wool sheet | seat which forms the 1st water retention layer 23, is the height after drying a rock wool sheet on 100 degreeC temperature conditions for 24 hours. means. In addition, the rock wool sheet of the first water retention layer 23 has a relatively high dry density (high dry density) in the range of 100 to 190 kg / m ³ . The dry density is the density after the rock wool sheet is dried for 24 hours at a temperature of 100 ° C. When the density and dimensions of the rock wool sheet change, the water retention capacity, weight, and strength of the first water retention layer 23 change accordingly, and the rock wool becomes harder as the density during drying increases. Although the 1st water retention layer 23 can also be comprised by laminating | stacking a plurality of rock wool sheets, it is preferable to comprise with one rock wool sheet from a viewpoint of workability.

  The second water retention layer 24 is formed by laying a plurality of rock wool sheets without gaps. The rock wool sheet of the second water retention layer 24 has a rectangular sheet shape and is softer than the rock wool sheet of the first water retention layer 23. The 2nd water retention layer 24 can be comprised by laminating | stacking a plurality of rock wool sheets, and is comprised by the 3 rock wool sheets in this embodiment. The second water retaining layer 24 is, for example, a rock wool sheet wound in a roll shape on the upper surface of the first water retaining layer 23, and a rock wool sheet wound in a roll shape on the upper surface of the developed rock wool sheet. It is laid by expanding. By laminating a plurality of rock wool sheets in this way to form the second water retention layer 24, the number of rock wool sheets can be adjusted to easily adjust the height of the second water retention layer 24, The height of the second water retaining layer 24 can be easily adjusted according to the type of plant. In addition, the 2nd water retention layer 24 can also be comprised with one rock wool sheet from a viewpoint of workability like the 1st water retention layer 23. FIG. However, from the viewpoint of compatibility between the ease of transporting the rock wool sheet constituting the second water retention layer 24 and the workability (number of operations) when the rock wool sheet is deployed and laid, the second water retention layer 24 is: It is preferable to form with 2 to 3 rock wool sheets.

The second water retention layer 24 has, for example, a height in the range of 25 to 150 mm, and preferably has a height in the range of 40 to 120 mm from the viewpoint of weight and compatibility between the water retention function and the drainage function. More preferably, it has a height in the range of 50 to 100 mm. In addition, the sum of the height of the 2nd water retention layer 24, ie, the height of each rock wool sheet which comprises the 2nd water retention layer 24, each rock wool sheet was dried under the temperature conditions of 100 degreeC for 24 hours. It means the sum of the later heights. The ratio of the height of the second water retention layer 24 to the height of the first water retention layer 23 is designed to be in the range of 0.75 to 2.50, preferably in the range of 0.85 to 2.00. From the viewpoint of coexistence of plant growth and workability, it is more preferably designed to be in the range of 0.90 to 1.95, 1.10 to 1.90. More preferably, it is designed to be within the range. Further, the rock wool sheet of the second water retention layer 24 has a relatively low dry density (low dry density) in the range of ^{30 to} 90 kg / m ³ , preferably in the range of 40 to 80 kg / m ³ . It has a dry density.

  When the second water-retaining layer 24 is composed of a plurality of laminated rock wool sheets, from the viewpoint of coexistence of ease of transporting the rock wool sheet and workability when deploying and laying the rock wool sheet, The height of one rock wool sheet (the height after drying for 24 hours under a temperature condition of 100 ° C.) is preferably 20 to 40 mm, and more preferably 25 to 35 mm. Note that the plurality of rock wool sheets constituting the second water retention layer 24 may have the same height or different heights. Further, the plurality of rock wool sheets constituting the second water retention layer 24 have different drying ranges even if they have the same drying density as long as they have the drying density (low drying density) in the above-described range. The dry density may be as follows.

  The area of the second water retention layer 24 is designed to be substantially the same as the area of the first water retention layer 23. More specifically, the area of the second water retention layer 24 is in the range of 95 to 105 when the area of the first water retention layer 23 is 100.

  The second water retention layer 24 is provided with a plurality of holes 24a. Each hole 24a opens toward the upper surface of the second water retention layer 24, and the cross section perpendicular to the stacking direction is a circular cross section. The hole 24a has a depth of 2 to 20 cm, for example, more preferably 4 to 12 cm, and still more preferably 5 to 10 cm. The depth of the hole 24a is designed to be shallower than the height of the second water retention layer 24, and the hole 24a that does not penetrate the second water retention layer 24 is also designed to be deeper than the height of the second water retention layer 24, so Although it can also be set as the hole part 24a which penetrates the layer 24 and reaches the 1st water retention layer 23, from a viewpoint of the workability at the time of plant growth and providing a hole, the depth of the hole part 24a is made into the 2nd water retention layer. It is preferable that the hole 24 a penetrates the second water retention layer 24 and does not reach the first water retention layer 23. Moreover, the circular cross section of the hole part 24a has a diameter of the range of 3-20 cm, for example, More preferably, it has a diameter of 5-15 cm. The cross section of the hole 24a is not limited to the circular cross section described above, and may be, for example, an elliptical cross section or a polygonal cross section.

  The hole 24a of the second water retaining layer 24 is preferably opened with bare hands from the viewpoint of workability, but an instrument for forming a hole may be used as appropriate.

  Planting 25 is accommodated in each hole 24a of the 2nd water retention layer 24 mentioned above. Planting in the present embodiment is a shrub planted in the medium 25 a, and the medium 25 a is accommodated in the hole 24 a of the second water retention layer 24. Here, the “shrub” in the present specification refers to a tree having a height of 30 to 100 cm (preferably 40 to 70 cm), such as Kurume Azalea, Otafkunanten, Hydrangea and the like. The culture medium 25a may be accommodated in the hole 24a in a state of being accommodated in a water-permeable container. As the medium 25a, soil such as rock wool or artificial lightweight soil can be employed. The planting 25 may not be a plant planted in the medium 25a, but may be a single plant. The planting 25 is not limited to the shrubs described above, and can be, for example, vines and ivy such as Hedera helix, and herbs such as Yablanc and Azalea.

  The frame member 30 is a member (so-called parting material) that surrounds the entire circumference of the laminated body 20, and is provided along the four sides of the laminated body 20 formed in a quadrangular shape. The frame member 30 can be configured by connecting a plurality of frame parts. In this case, a corner cap 38 and a joint 39 for connecting the parts together are used. The frame member 30 surrounding the periphery of the stacked body 20 can suppress a situation where the position of the stacked body 20 is shifted, or can suppress a situation where the stacked body 20 is lifted by a wind or the like.

  The greening system 1 described above further includes a plurality of irrigation tubes 40. The irrigation tube 40 is, for example, a pipe having a diameter in the range of 8 to 20 mm. The irrigation pipe 40 extends from a water supply tank or a faucet (not shown), and when the water necessary for planting is insufficient, such as when the amount of rainfall is small, water is supplied to the first water retention layer 23 and the second water retention layer 24. Supply.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the plurality of irrigation tubes 40 includes an irrigation tube extending in the water gradient direction (X direction) and an irrigation tube extending in a direction orthogonal to the water gradient direction (Y direction). It connects so that water may distribute | circulate in the mutually orthogonal location.

  As shown in FIG. 2, each irrigation tube 40 is disposed between the first water retention layer 23 and the second water retention layer 24 so as to be sandwiched between the first water retention layer 23 and the second water retention layer 24. . A water supply port (not shown) is provided on the peripheral surface of each irrigation tube 40, and water is supplied from the irrigation tube 40 to the first water retention layer 23 and the second water retention layer 24 through the water supply port. The irrigation tube 40 is disposed between the rock wool sheets of the second water retention layer 24 formed by a plurality of rock wool sheets, as indicated by a one-dot chain line in FIG. It is also possible to supply water. In this case, from the viewpoint of supplying water in a balanced manner to the first water retention layer 23 and the second water retention layer 24, the irrigation pipe 40 includes the first rock wool sheet laminated directly on the first water retention layer 23, and the first It is preferable to be disposed between the second rock wool sheet laminated immediately above the rock wool sheet.

  The irrigation pipe 40 is provided with a V-groove on the upper surface of the first water retention layer 23 or the lower surface of the second water retention layer 24 as necessary, and is disposed in the V-groove, or the rock wool constituting the second water retention layer 24. It is also possible to provide a mode in which a through hole along the extending direction of the irrigation tube 40 is provided inside the sheet and the irrigation tube 40 is inserted into the through hole.

  In the aspect shown in FIG. 1, the two irrigation pipes 40 extending in parallel to the Y direction are designed in a range of 0.5 to 6 m. In addition, when there is no irrigation pipe extending in the same direction, such as the irrigation pipe 40 extending in the X direction, the side end portion of the stacked body 20 that extends in parallel with the irrigation pipe 40 is not an interval between the irrigation pipes. Is designed to be in the range of 0.5 to 6 m. In addition, the distance between the two irrigation pipes 40 extending in parallel to the Y direction or the distance from the side end of the laminated body 20 extending in parallel with the irrigation pipes 40 is the efficiency of plant growth and irrigation pipe construction. From the standpoint of coexistence, it is preferably 1.5 to 6.0 m.

  The greening system 1 described above has a mulching material 50 (for example, gravel, bark, etc.) as shown in FIG. 2 on the second water retention layer 24 in order to suppress the growth of plants other than the planting 25 (weeds, etc.). It is preferable to arrange a chip or the like. Synthetic resin sheets (polyester woven fabric, polyester non-woven fabric, etc.) may be used instead of the mulching material 50, but it is preferable to arrange the mulching material 50 from the viewpoint of improving the landscape.

  In the greening system 1 described above, sufficient water retention is ensured by the water retention of the rock wool sheets of the first water retention layer 23 and the second water retention layer 24. In addition, by adopting the rock wool sheet, the greening system 1 is lightweight and has no problem of soil scattering, and therefore has high workability.

  Hereinafter, with reference to the tables of FIGS. 4 and 5, the characteristics of the greening system 1 will be described with reference to the above-described greening system examples and comparative examples.

4 and 5, “Dry density (kg / m ³ )” and “Height (mm)” of the rock wool sheet in the first water retention layer 23, and the rock wool sheet “1” in the second water retention layer 24 are shown. Density of dried layer (kg / m ³ ) ”,“ number of layers ”and“ height (mm) ”(the total height of each rock wool sheet), the second water retention layer relative to the height of the first water retention layer 23 24 height ratio, “irrigation tube interval (m)” of the irrigation tube 40, “plant growth”, “soil scatter”, “step pressure durability”, “hole processability” in planting 25, 2 shows the results of evaluating the “laminate workability” of the water retention layer 24 and the “irrigation pipe workability” of the irrigation pipe 40.

  Here, “plant growth” is a characteristic related to water retention and drainage, and that a plant grows well means having good water retention and drainage. In the tables of FIGS. 4 and 5, plant growth “◎” means that the plant continues to grow without dying for 3 months, and plant growth “○” means that the plant dies for 3 months. This means that the size does not change but does not grow (does not grow), and a plant growth of “x” means that the plant has died within 3 months.

  “Treading pressure durability” is a characteristic related to strength in the stacking direction (Z direction) of the greening system, and means that a greening system in which no depression is generated when a stepping pressure is applied has high pedaling pressure durability. In the tables of FIGS. 4 and 5, “O” indicates that no depression occurs even when an average adult male walks on the greening system. When an average adult male walks on the greening system, it means that there is a possibility that a dent will occur.

  “Hole workability” is a characteristic related to the ease of processing when forming the hole 24a. In the tables of FIGS. 4 and 5, the hole workability is “◯” and a hole is formed with bare hands. The hole workability “x” means that a hole cannot be formed with bare hands.

  “Lamination workability” is a characteristic relating to ease of processing when the second water retention layer 24 is formed. In the tables of FIGS. 4 and 5, “lamination workability” is “○”. The rock wool sheet which comprises 24 can be roll-shaped, it means that it can laminate | stack by developing a roll-shaped rock wool sheet, and lamination workability is "x". This means that the rock wool sheet constituting 24 cannot be rolled, and a hard mat-like rock wool sheet needs to be laminated.

“Irrigation pipe workability” is a characteristic related to the ease of installation when installing the irrigation pipe 40. In the tables of FIGS. It means that there is little, and ".DELTA." Of the irrigation pipe workability means that there is a lot of construction work.
Example 1

In Example 1, the first water-retaining layer 23 formed of a rock wool sheet having a dry density of 180 kg / m ³ and a height of 40 mm, and a dry rock wool sheet having a density of 70 kg / m ³ and a height of 25 mm are two layers. The second water-retaining layer 24 having a height of 50 mm was used. That is, in Example 1, the ratio of the height of the second water retention layer 24 to the height of the first water retention layer 23 is 1.25. The second water-retaining layer 24 had a diameter of 7 cm, penetrated through the second water-retaining layer 24, provided a cylindrical hole portion that did not reach the first water-retaining layer 23, and accommodated otafkunanten planted in the soil.

The interval between the irrigation tubes 40 was 2 m. Furthermore, in Example 1, the fabric weight of the nonwoven fabric in the water conveyance layer 22 was 180 g / m < ² >, the convex part height H in the drainage layer 21 was 4.5 mm, and the convex part space | interval P was 2 mm.

  In the greening system according to Example 1, all of “plant growth”, “soil scattering”, “step pressure durability”, “hole workability”, “laminate workability” and “irrigation pipe workability” Good results were obtained. In Example 1, the characteristics of plant growth were particularly excellent.

Thus, the tree planting system according to Example 1 has high workability and high water retention.
(Example 2)

In Example 2, a first water retention layer 23 formed of a rock wool sheet having a dry density of 100 kg / m ³ and a height of 40 mm, and a dry rock density of 45 kg / m ³ and a height of 35 mm of two rock wool sheets. The second water-retaining layer 24 having a height of 70 mm formed by That is, in Example 2, the ratio of the height of the second water retention layer 24 to the height of the first water retention layer 23 is 1.75.

  The second embodiment is different from the first embodiment described above only in the above conditions, and is otherwise the same as the first embodiment.

  Also in the tree planting system according to Example 2, all of “plant growth”, “soil scattering”, “step pressure durability”, “hole processability”, “laminate processability” and “irrigation pipe workability” Good results were obtained. In Example 2, the characteristics of plant growth were particularly excellent.

Thus, the tree planting system according to Example 2 also has high workability and high water retention.
(Example 3)

In Example 3, the second water-retaining layer 24 having a height of 75 mm and formed of three layers of rock wool sheets having a density of 70 kg / m ³ when dried and a height of 25 mm was used.

  The third embodiment is different from the first embodiment described above only in the above conditions, and is otherwise the same as the first embodiment. That is, in Example 3, the ratio of the height of the second water retention layer 24 to the height of the first water retention layer 23 is 1.875.

  Also in the tree planting system according to Example 3, all of “plant growth”, “soil scattering”, “step pressure durability”, “hole workability”, “laminate workability” and “irrigation pipe workability” Good results were obtained. In Example 3, the characteristics of plant growth were particularly excellent.

Thus, the tree planting system according to Example 3 also has high workability and high water retention.
Example 4

In Example 4, the second water-retaining layer 24 having a height of 100 mm and formed of three layers of rock wool sheets having a density of 70 kg / m ³ when dried and a height of 25 mm was used. In Example 4, the interval between the irrigation tubes of the irrigation tube 40 was set to 0.5 m.

  The fourth embodiment is different from the first embodiment described above only in the above conditions, and is otherwise the same as the first embodiment. That is, in Example 4, the ratio of the height of the second water retention layer 24 to the height of the first water retention layer 23 is 2.25.

  In the tree planting system according to Example 4, although the time required for installing the irrigation pipe 40 is increased by the increase in the number of irrigation pipes to be installed because the interval between the irrigation pipes is reduced, “plant growth”, “soil Good results were obtained in any of “Spattering of”, “Treading pressure durability”, “Hole workability” and “Lamination workability”. In Example 4, the characteristics of plant growth were particularly excellent.

Thus, the tree planting system according to Example 4 also has high workability and high water retention.
(Example 5)

  The fifth embodiment is different from the fourth embodiment only in that the interval between the irrigation tubes 40 is 2 m, and the other is the same as the fourth embodiment.

  In the tree planting system according to Example 5, the irrigation pipe workability was improved by making the interval between the irrigation pipes wider than in Example 4, and “plant growth”, “soil scattering”, “step pressure durability”, “ Good results were obtained in both “hole processability” and “lamination processability”.

  Thus, the tree planting system according to Example 5 also has high workability and high water retention.

(Example 6)
In Example 6, the second water-retaining layer 24 having a height of 35 mm and formed by one layer of rock wool sheet having a density of 45 kg / m ³ when dried and a height of 35 mm was used.

  The sixth embodiment is different from the first embodiment described above only in the above conditions, and is otherwise the same as the first embodiment. That is, in Example 6, the ratio of the height of the second water retention layer 24 to the height of the first water retention layer 23 is 0.875.

  In the greening system according to Example 6 as well, in all of “plant growth”, “soil scattering”, “step pressure durability”, “hole workability”, “laminate workability” and “irrigation pipe workability” Good results were obtained.

Thus, the tree planting system according to Example 6 also has high workability and high water retention.
(Comparative Example 1)

In Comparative Example 1, the first water retention layer 23 formed of a rock wool sheet having a dry density of 70 kg / m ³ and a height of 25 mm was used.

  Comparative Example 1 is different from Example 1 described above only in the above conditions, and is otherwise the same as Example 1. That is, in Comparative Example 1, the ratio of the height of the second water retention layer 24 to the height of the first water retention layer 23 is 2.

In the greening system according to Comparative Example 1, sufficient “stepping pressure durability” was not obtained. This is because the rock wool sheet of the first water retention layer 23 has a low density when dried, and the mineral fibers constituting the rock wool sheet are not dense, so that sufficient hardness cannot be obtained in the first water retention layer 23.
(Comparative Example 2)

In Comparative Example 2, the second water-retaining layer 24 having a height of 80 mm and formed by two layers of rock wool sheets having a density of 100 kg / m ³ when dried and a height of 40 mm was used.

  Comparative Example 2 is different from Example 1 described above only in the above conditions, and is otherwise the same as Example 1. That is, in Comparative Example 2, the ratio of the height of the second water retention layer 24 to the height of the first water retention layer 23 is 2.

In the greening system according to Comparative Example 2, sufficient “hole workability” and “stacking workability” characteristics could not be obtained. This is because the mineral fibers that make up the rock wool sheet of the second water retention layer 24 become too dense to make holes with bare hands, and because the second water retention layer 24 becomes heavy, This is because the roll development work has become difficult.
(Comparative Example 3)

Comparative Example 3 is different from Example 1 only in that the second water-retaining layer 24 having a height of 20 mm / m ³ and a rock wool sheet having a height of 25 mm and having a height of 25 mm is used. Same as Example 1.

In the tree planting system which concerns on the comparative example 3, the plant of the planting 25 has withered within three months. This is because the density at the time of drying of the rock wool sheet of the second water retention layer 24 is low, and a sufficient amount of water for plant growth could not be retained.
(Comparative Example 4)

In Comparative Example 4, the first water retaining layer 23 formed of a rock wool sheet having a density of 180 kg / m ³ when dried and a height of 80 mm was used.

  Comparative Example 4 is different from Example 1 described above only in the above conditions, and is otherwise the same as Example 1. That is, in Comparative Example 4, the ratio of the height of the second water retention layer 24 to the height of the first water retention layer 23 is 0.625.

In the tree planting system according to Comparative Example 5, the plants of planting 25 had withered within 3 months. This is because the height of the first water retaining layer 23 is too high to obtain sufficient drainage.
(Comparative Example 5)

In Comparative Example 5, the second water-retaining layer 24 having a height of 105 mm, which is formed by three layers of rock wool sheets having a dry density of 45 kg / m ³ and a height of 35 mm, was used.

  Comparative Example 5 is different from Example 1 described above only in the above conditions, and is otherwise the same as Example 1. That is, in Comparative Example 5, the ratio of the height of the second water retention layer 24 to the height of the first water retention layer 23 is 2.625.

In the tree planting system according to Comparative Example 5, the plants of planting 25 had withered within 3 months. This is because the ratio of the height of the second water retention layer 24 to the height of the first water retention layer 23 is too high, and the water supplied from the irrigation pipe 40 does not easily reach the upper surface of the rock wool of the second water retention layer 24. It is because it became.
(Comparative Example 6)

  In Comparative Example 6, a soil layer was used instead of the second water retention layer 24, and planting was planted in the soil layer. Comparative Example 6 is different from Example 1 described above only in the above conditions, and is otherwise the same as Example 1.

  In the greening system according to Comparative Example 6, since the soil of the soil layer used instead of the second water retention layer 24 was scattered, the workability when installing the greening system was generally lowered, and the “lamination workability” was also lowered. did.

As described above, as in Examples 1 to 6, the first water retention layer 23 is composed of a rock wool sheet having a dry density of 100 to 190 kg / m ³ , and the second water retention layer 24 is 30~90kg / ^m are composed of rock wool sheet having a dry density of ^3, the ratio of the height of the second water retaining layer 24 to the height of the first water retaining layer 23 is, of 0.75 to 2.50 Since it is in the range, a greening system having high workability and high water retention is realized.

  On the other hand, all of Comparative Examples 1 to 6 which do not partially satisfy the above-mentioned conditions are “plant growth”, “soil scattering”, “stepping pressure durability”, “hole processability”, “lamination processability” and Since at least one of the “irrigation pipe workability” is not satisfied, the function as a greening system is insufficient.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Greening system, 20 ... Laminate, 21 ... Drainage layer, 22 ... Water transfer layer, 23 ... 1st water retention layer, 24 ... 2nd water retention layer, 25 ... Planting, 25a ... Medium, 40 ... Irrigation pipe, 50 ... Mulching material.

Claims (7)

A greening system installed on the upper surface of a structure,
On the upper surface of the structure, a laminated body in which a drainage layer, a water conveyance layer, a first water retention layer, and a second water retention layer are laminated in this order;
Planting housed in a hole provided in the second water retention layer of the laminate and opening toward the upper surface of the second water retention layer;
In a mode capable of supplying water to at least the second water retention layer of the laminate, the direction is provided between the first water retention layer and the second water retention layer or in the second water retention layer and orthogonal to the lamination direction of the laminate. One or more irrigation tubes extending to
The drainage layer is composed of a root-proof / water-proof sheet,
The water conveyance layer is composed of a nonwoven fabric,
The first water retention layer is composed of a rock wool sheet having a dry density of 100 to 190 kg / m ³ ,
The second water retention layer is composed of at least one rock wool sheet having a dry density of ^{30 to} 90 kg / m ³ ;
The greening system in which the ratio of the height of the second water retention layer to the height of the first water retention layer is in the range of 0.75 to 2.50.   The greening system according to claim 1, wherein the second water retention layer is configured by a plurality of laminated rock wool sheets.   The greening system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a height of the first water retention layer is 20 to 80 mm, and a height of the second water retention layer is 40 to 120 mm.   When the number of the irrigation pipes is one, the distance from one end of the first water retention layer and the second water retention layer is 1.5 to 6 m, and when there are a plurality of the irrigation pipes, the adjacent irrigation pipes The greening system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein an interval of is 1.5 to 6 m.   A plurality of hollow frustums having a height of 3 to 13 mm, wherein the root-proof and water-impervious sheet constituting the drainage layer protrudes upward along the stacking direction of the laminate and is regularly arranged at intervals of 1 to 5 mm. The greening system as described in any one of Claims 1-4 which has a shape-shaped convex part. The nonwoven fabric has a basis weight of 100 to 300 g / ^{m 2,} greening system according to any one of claims 1 to 5.   The tree planting system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the planting is a shrub planted in a culture medium.

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