JP2017107840A - 非水電解液二次電池用積層セパレータ、非水電解液二次電池用部材および非水電解液二次電池 - Google Patents
非水電解液二次電池用積層セパレータ、非水電解液二次電池用部材および非水電解液二次電池 Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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Abstract
【解決手段】非水電解液二次電池用積層セパレータは、ポリエチレン多孔質フィルムと耐熱層とを含み、膜厚が8〜20μm、ガーレー値が250秒/100cc以下であり、0.70≦SPC/SC≦0.81を満たす。ここで、SCは、非水電解液二次電池用積層セパレータを所定サイズに切り出し重ねた状態で測定した第1DSC曲線におけるピーク面積であり、SPCは、非水電解液二次電池用積層セパレータから耐熱層を除去した後、所定サイズに切り出し重ねた状態で測定した第2DSC曲線におけるピークと、第1DSC曲線におけるピークとの重なり部分の面積である。
【選択図】図2
Description
膜厚が8〜20μmであり、
ガーレー値が250秒/100cc以下であり、
下記式(1)を満たすことを特徴とする非水電解液二次電池用積層セパレータ。
ここで、SCは、前記非水電解液二次電池用積層セパレータを3mm角に切り出し17枚重ねた状態で、昇温速度10℃/minで測定した第1DSC曲線におけるピーク面積であり、
SPCは、前記非水電解液二次電池用積層セパレータから前記耐熱層を除去した後、3mm角に切り出し17枚重ねた状態で、昇温速度10℃/minで測定した第2DSC曲線における吸熱ピークと、前記第1DSC曲線における吸熱ピークとの重なり部分の面積である。
本発明に係る非水電解液二次電池用積層セパレータは、非水電解液二次電池において正極と負極との間に配置され、ポリエチレン多孔質フィルムと、ポリエチレン多孔質フィルムの少なくとも一方の面に積層された耐熱層とを含む。
0.70≦SPC/SC≦0.81 ・・・式(1)
を満たす。
ポリエチレン多孔質フィルムは、延伸工程を経ることによって形成される延伸フィルムであり、その内部に連結した細孔を有す構造を有し、一方の面から他方の面に気体や液体が透過可能なフィルムである。
耐熱層とは、ポリエチレン多孔質フィルムに高温での形状安定性を付与する層である。すなわち、耐熱層は、ポリエチレン多孔質フィルムよりも高い耐熱性を有する層である。つまり、ポリエチレン多孔質フィルムの溶融挙動と耐熱層の溶融挙動とは一致するものではない。また、耐熱層のDSC曲線における吸熱ピークの一部が、ポリエチレン多孔質フィルムのDSC曲線の一部と重なることがあったとしても、上述のとおり、耐熱層はポリエチレン多孔質フィルムよりも高い耐熱性を有するものであるから、その影響は限定的であり極めて小さいといえる。また、耐熱層は、電池の電解液に不溶であり、また、その電池の使用範囲において電気化学的及び熱的に安定であることが好ましい。
本発明に係る非水電解液二次電池用部材は、正極、非水電解液二次電池用積層セパレータ、および負極がこの順で配置されてなる非水電解液二次電池用部材である。また、本発明に係る非水電解液二次電池は、非水電解液二次電池用積層セパレータを備える。以下、非水電解液二次電池用部材として、リチウムイオン二次電池用部材を例に挙げ、非水電解液二次電池として、リチウムイオン二次電池を例に挙げて説明する。尚、上記非水電解液二次電池用積層セパレータ以外の非水電解液二次電池用部材、非水電解液二次電池の構成要素は、下記説明の構成要素に限定されるものではない。
以下の実施例および比較例に係る非水電解液二次電池用積層セパレータの各種物性を、以下の方法で測定した。
非水電解液二次電池用積層セパレータの膜厚D(μm)を、JIS規格(K7130−1992)に従い、測定した。
非水電解液二次電池用積層セパレータを一辺の長さ10cmの正方形に切り取り、重量W1(g)を測定した。次に、非水電解液二次電池用積層セパレータの耐熱層をテープ(3M社:Scotch)で1回剥離した後のポリエチレン多孔質フィルムの重量W2(g)を測定した。そして、下記式を用いてポリエチレン多孔質フィルムの重量目付、耐熱層の重量目付を算出した。
ポリエチレン多孔質フィルムの重量目付(g/m2)=W2/(0.1×0.1)
耐熱層の重量目付(g/m2)=(W1−W2)/(0.1×0.1)
(3)透気度
非水電解液二次電池用積層セパレータの透気度は、JIS P8117に基づいて、株式会社東洋精機製作所製のデジタルタイマー式ガーレー式デンソメータで測定した。
ASTM−D882に準拠して測定したMD方向の引張弾性係数に膜厚をかけた値をMD弾性力とした。
アルミパン(5mmφ)に3mm角に切り出した非水電解液二次電池用積層セパレータを17枚重ねて入れ、アルミのフタを乗せ、専用の治具でかしめて、測定サンプルAを作製した。
SPC:測定サンプルBのベースラインと第1DSC曲線とで囲まれた部分と、測定サンプルBのベースラインと測定サンプルBのDSC曲線(第2DSC曲線という)とで囲まれた部分とが重なり合った部分(つまり、第1DSC曲線と第2DSC曲線との吸熱ピークの重なり部分)の面積。
非水電解液二次電池用積層セパレータを#1000の紙やすりに挟み、直径25mmの円柱を載せ、その上におもり(円柱とおもりの合計で4kg)を10秒載せた。そして、耐電圧試験機(日本テクナート社製IMP3800)の直径25mm(500g)の電極を上記ポリエチレン多孔質フィルムの加圧部に載せ、破壊電圧を測定した。
同様の作業を10回繰り返し、0.9kV以下になった回数をリーク不良度とした。
まず、ポリエチレン多孔質フィルムに積層される耐熱層を形成するための塗工液として、以下の塗工液Aおよび塗工液Bを作製した。
攪拌翼、温度計、窒素流入管及び粉体添加口を有する、3リットルのセパラブルフラスコを使用して、ポリ(パラフェニレンテレフタルアミド)の製造を行った。フラスコを十分乾燥し、N−メチル−2−ピロリドン(NMP)2200gを仕込み、200℃で2時間真空乾燥した塩化カルシウム粉末151.07gを添加し、100℃に昇温して完全に溶解させた。室温に戻して、パラフェニレンジアミン68.23gを添加し、完全に溶解させた。この溶液を20℃±2℃に保ったまま、テレフタル酸ジクロライド124.97gを10分割して約5分おきに添加した。その後も攪拌しながら、溶液を20℃±2℃に保ったまま1時間熟成した。その後、1500メッシュのステンレス金網でろ過した。得られた溶液は、パラアラミド濃度6%であった。このパラアラミド溶液100gをフラスコに秤取し、300gのNMPを添加し、パラアラミド濃度が1.5重量%の溶液に調製して60分間攪拌した。上記のパラアラミド濃度が1.5重量%の溶液に、アルミナC(日本アエロジル社製)を6g、アドバンスドアルミナAA−03(住友化学社製)を6g混合し、240分間攪拌した。得られた溶液を1000メッシュの金網でろ過し、その後酸化カルシウム0.73gを添加して240分間攪拌して中和を行い、減圧下で脱泡してスラリー状の塗工液Aを得た。
35重量%エタノール水溶液に固形分濃度が20重量%になるように、カルボキシメチルセルロース(CMC、ダイセルファインケム社製:1110)とアルミナ(住友化学株式会社製:AKP3000、)を4:100の重量比で添加、混合して、ゴーリンホモジナイザーを用いた高圧分散条件(50MPa)にて3回処理することにより、塗工液Bを調製した。
超高分子量ポリエチレン粉末(GUR4012、ティコナ社製)を80重量%および重量平均分子量1000のポリエチレンワックス(FNP−0115、日本精鑞社製)20重量%と、該超高分子量ポリエチレンとポリエチレンワックスとの合計量100重量部に対して、酸化防止剤(Irg1010、チバ・スペシャリティ・ケミカルズ社製)を0.4重量%、酸化防止剤(P168、チバ・スペシャリティ・ケミカルズ社製)を0.1重量%、ステアリン酸ナトリウムを1.3重量%加え、更に全体積に対して37体積%となるように平均孔径0.1μmの炭酸カルシウム(丸尾カルシウム社製)を加え、これらを粉末のままヘンシェルミキサーで混合した後、二軸混練機で溶融混練してポリエチレン樹脂組成物とした。
超高分子量ポリエチレン粉末(GUR4012、ティコナ社製)を80重量%および重量平均分子量1000のポリエチレンワックス(FNP−0115、日本精鑞社製)20重量%と、該超高分子量ポリエチレンとポリエチレンワックスとの合計量100重量部に対して、酸化防止剤(Irg1010、チバ・スペシャリティ・ケミカルズ社製)を0.4重量%、酸化防止剤(P168、チバ・スペシャリティ・ケミカルズ社製)を0.1重量%、ステアリン酸ナトリウムを1.3重量%加え、更に全体積に対して41体積%となるように平均孔径0.1μmの炭酸カルシウム(丸尾カルシウム社製)を加え、これらを粉末のままヘンシェルミキサーで混合した後、二軸混練機で溶融混練してポリエチレン樹脂組成物とした。
超高分子量ポリエチレン粉末(GUR4012、ティコナ社製)を80重量%および重量平均分子量1000のポリエチレンワックス(FNP−0115、日本精鑞社製)20重量%と、該超高分子量ポリエチレンとポリエチレンワックスとの合計量100重量部に対して、酸化防止剤(Irg1010、チバ・スペシャリティ・ケミカルズ社製)を0.4重量%、酸化防止剤(P168、チバ・スペシャリティ・ケミカルズ社製)を0.1重量%、ステアリン酸ナトリウムを1.3重量%加え、更に全体積に対して41体積%となるように平均孔径0.1μmの炭酸カルシウム(丸尾カルシウム社製)を加え、これらを粉末のままヘンシェルミキサーで混合した後、二軸混練機で溶融混練してポリエチレン樹脂組成物とした。
超高分子量ポリエチレン粉末(GUR4012、ティコナ社製)を80重量%および重量平均分子量1000のポリエチレンワックス(FNP−0115、日本精鑞社製)20重量%と、該超高分子量ポリエチレンとポリエチレンワックスとの合計量100重量部に対して、酸化防止剤(Irg1010、チバ・スペシャリティ・ケミカルズ社製)を0.4重量%、酸化防止剤(P168、チバ・スペシャリティ・ケミカルズ社製)を0.1重量%、ステアリン酸ナトリウムを1.3重量%加え、更に全体積に対して41体積%となるように平均孔径0.1μmの炭酸カルシウム(丸尾カルシウム社製)を加え、これらを粉末のままヘンシェルミキサーで混合した後、二軸混練機で溶融混練してポリエチレン樹脂組成物とした。
シート厚みを54μmとした以外は、特開2011−032446号公報の実施例1と同様の操作でポリエチレン多孔質フィルムを得た。このポリエチレン多孔質フィルムの片面に塗工液Aを塗布し、50℃70%の雰囲気下で1分間析出させ、5分間流水で洗浄後、70℃のオーブンに5分間いれて乾燥させて耐熱層を形成し、非水電解液二次電池用積層セパレータを得た。非水電解液二次電池用積層セパレータの製造条件を表1に、得られた非水電解液二次電池用積層セパレータの特性を表2にまとめた。
超高分子量ポリエチレン粉末(GUR4012、ティコナ社製)を80重量%および重量平均分子量1000のポリエチレンワックス(FNP−0115、日本精鑞社製)20重量%と、該超高分子量ポリエチレンとポリエチレンワックスとの合計量100重量部に対して、酸化防止剤(Irg1010、チバ・スペシャリティ・ケミカルズ社製)を0.4重量%、酸化防止剤(P168、チバ・スペシャリティ・ケミカルズ社製)を0.1重量%、ステアリン酸ナトリウムを1.3重量%加え、更に全体積に対して37体積%となるように平均孔径0.1μmの炭酸カルシウム(丸尾カルシウム社製)を加え、これらを粉末のままヘンシェルミキサーで混合した後、二軸混練機で溶融混練してポリエチレン樹脂組成物とした。
市販のポリオレフィン多孔質フィルム(ポリオレフィンセパレータ)に塗工液Aを塗布し、50℃70%の雰囲気下で1分間析出させ、5分間流水で洗浄後、70℃のオーブンに5分間いれて乾燥させて耐熱層を形成し、非水電解液二次電池用積層セパレータを得た。得られた非水電解液二次電池用積層セパレータの特性を表2にまとめた。
Claims (3)
- ポリエチレン多孔質フィルムと、耐熱層とを含む非水電解液二次電池用積層セパレータであって、
膜厚が8〜20μmであり、
ガーレー値が250秒/100cc以下であり、
下記式(1)を満たすことを特徴とする非水電解液二次電池用積層セパレータ。
0.70≦SPC/SC≦0.81 ・・・式(1)
ここで、SCは、前記非水電解液二次電池用積層セパレータを3mm角に切り出し17枚重ねた状態で、昇温速度10℃/minで測定した第1DSC曲線におけるピーク面積であり、
SPCは、前記非水電解液二次電池用積層セパレータから前記耐熱層を除去した後、3mm角に切り出し17枚重ねた状態で、昇温速度10℃/minで測定した第2DSC曲線における吸熱ピークと、前記第1DSC曲線における吸熱ピークとの重なり部分の面積である。 - 正極と、請求項1に記載の非水電解液二次電池用積層セパレータと、負極とがこの順で配置されてなることを特徴とする、非水電解液二次電池用部材。
- 請求項1に記載の非水電解液二次電池用積層セパレータを備えることを特徴とする非水電解液二次電池。
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2016
- 2016-05-26 KR KR1020160064611A patent/KR101660210B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2016-09-12 KR KR1020160117086A patent/KR20170063343A/ko active Application Filing
- 2016-11-09 JP JP2016218811A patent/JP2017107840A/ja active Pending
- 2016-11-29 CN CN201611090068.9A patent/CN106803562B/zh active Active
- 2016-11-29 US US15/363,572 patent/US20170155123A1/en not_active Abandoned
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US20170155123A1 (en) | 2017-06-01 |
KR20170063343A (ko) | 2017-06-08 |
KR101660210B1 (ko) | 2016-10-10 |
CN106803562B (zh) | 2018-04-17 |
CN106803562A (zh) | 2017-06-06 |
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