JP2017096041A - Complete collapse preventive member of existing wooden framework structure in earthquake time - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a complete collapse preventive member for suddenly exhibiting resistance force from the vicinity of exceeding 1/15 radian in an interlayer deformation angle, though the resistance force is not substantially exhibited for shear force in the initial stage of deformation of a wooden framework structure of receiving external force by an earthquake, and a method for preventing the existing wooden framework structure from completely collapsing in earthquake time by utilizing the complete collapse preventive member.SOLUTION: In a complete collapse preventive member 200 constituted by arranging a woody rectangular frame 210 and at least two woody triangular frames 220 arranged in a plane formed of the woody rectangular frame 210 in a mutually relatively unmovable mode, the complete collapse preventive member 200 is arranged in a plane space constituted of a column and a horizontal member of an existing wooden framework structure so that an outside side surface of an individual member of the woody rectangular frame 210 and an inside side surface of the column and the horizontal member are substantially brought into close contact with each other.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

In the present invention, a plane surrounded by existing pillars and horizontal members (for example, beams and girders) in an old wooden house 50 to 70 years old can be shear-deformed in terms of structural mechanics while transmitting light. The present invention relates to a member that can be changed to a plane that functions as a substantially rigid body, and is expected to prevent complete collapse of an existing wooden frame structure during an earthquake.

In recent years, there is an urgent need for earthquake resistance of existing wooden buildings, especially old wooden framed houses. In recent years, there have been active efforts to develop earthquake resistant construction methods and components for framed wooden structures. Yes. The basic policy of such development is broadly divided into three types: seismic control, seismic isolation, and earthquake resistance (normal seismic resistance) by increasing the strength of the members or joints used.

As a method of damping, for example, there is a method of fixing a damping damper (Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2008-308906) to a connecting portion between a column and a horizontal member with screws or nails. Another method of seismic isolation, which uses a damping tape, is to insert a seismic isolation rubber or a metal plate configured to be slidable between the foundation installed on the fabric foundation and the fabric foundation. There is a way to make it.
As a method of earthquake resistance by increasing the strength, reinforcing hardware (Patent Document 2: JP 2000-054490 A; Patent Document 3: JP 10-238136 A) or metal brace (Patent Document 4: JP 2005-238136 A). 2009-197432 gazette; patent document 5: Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 2010-222802) has a method of fixing to the connection part of a pillar and a horizontal member. In addition, a method of using braces that function as a wooden brace and a method of making earthquake resistance using only a wooden material without depending on metal products have been actively proposed (Patent Document 6: JP 2000-234407 A; (Patent Document 7: JP 2010-77785 A).

The conventional earthquake resistance methods exemplified in these are broadly divided into a method of construction at the time of new construction and a method of construction on an existing structure by a retrofitting method from the viewpoint of the construction time point. When dealing with an old wooden house that is 50 to 70 years old by a retrofitting method (post-installation method), it is naturally limited to a method that can be applied by a retrofitting method.

In any of the methods of retrofitting, the method of fixing to the existing pillars and horizontal members using nails or screws is adopted in any case. In the case of an old wooden frame structure, the resistance to pulling out of the nail or screw is greatly reduced because the resin of the wood is lost in the vicinity of the surface of the wood to which the nail or screw is to be applied. As a result, if a tensile force is applied to the fixed place of the installed instrument or member, the effect cannot be expected much. In particular, nails or screws for fixing to pillars and horizontal members, such as during an earthquake, are subjected to repeated pulling loads, and the deformation level of the building increases each time and the interlayer deformation angle begins to exceed 1/60 radians. When the fixed part becomes almost nonfunctional, this problem becomes prominent.

Here, it can be said that the structural mechanical phenomenon when the wooden frame structure collapses due to the earthquake is the shear failure of the plane element when attention is paid to the plane element surrounded by the column and the horizontal member. The method to counter this is roughly divided, and a metal instrument capable of resisting the bending moment external force is fixed to the connecting part (joint part) of each member of the frame composed of the column and the horizontal member. There is a method and a method in which the entire plane surrounded by the frame resists the shearing external force. In either method, the previous method starts from the initial stage of deformation by the shearing external force. Because it is configured to resist the inevitably, a method of fixing to the existing pillars and horizontal members using nails and screws is inevitably adopted, so that equipment and members to be installed retrofit, The above problems are potentially inherent.

On the other hand, in the traditional construction of wooden buildings with many earthquakes, Nuki is widely used, but the function of Nuki, from the structural mechanical point of view, It has the function of resisting as a substantially rigid surface element after a certain deformation under the in-plane shear force of the external force. Specifically, it hardly resists external force during the initial movement at the time of an earthquake, but when the deformation of the structure exceeds a certain limit (generally, the inclination of the column is 4 degrees (an interlayer deformation angle of about 1/15 radians)) From 5 degrees (interlayer deformation angle of about 9/100 radians), the edge of the through-hole of the column through which the through hole penetrates into the upper surface of the through hole, and the resistance force increases rapidly. This prevents the planar structural element (and hence the structure) from further deformation.

The behavior of the structure by the traditional construction method is the primary defense by the resistance generated at the joint between the column and the horizontal, the resistance by the earth wall existing in the plane surrounded by the column and the horizontal material. Since the defense line is constructed in the order of the second defense by the third, and finally the third defense by the resistance by the penetration, until the sudden increase of the resistance by the presence of the third defense line, the penetration Is configured to gradually increase the resistance. Typical load-displacement curves at this time are listed on the following site.
http://www.doutekitaishin.com/dentoutaishin

In the above figure, in the case of a structure in which bracing (shaft construction method) and face material (two-by-four method) are configured to resist from the beginning of deformation, it will be shown to collapse when the interlayer deformation angle exceeds 1/30 radians. But
In an experiment using a full-scale wooden building with the traditional construction method introduced at http://homepage2.nifty.com/syotaku/syokai101.html , a "3m high thing is about 40cm wide by a hydraulic device. In view of the fact that it did not collapse completely even in the state of being pushed and tilted, the building with the traditional construction method where the penetration was installed even when the interlayer deformation angle was 40/300 radians, that is, the column inclination angle was about 7.64 degrees It is easy to understand that the entire building will not collapse completely, even if its pillars are tilted greatly.

This means that if a structural element that exhibits the same function as structural penetration can be installed in an existing wooden frame structure by any method, the interlayer deformation angle exceeds 1/15 radians and is around 4/30 radians. This suggests the possibility of preventing collapse (complete collapse) even if it is deformed.

Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-308906 Patent Document 2: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-054490 Patent Document 3: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-238136 Patent Document 4: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2009-197432 Patent Document 5: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2009-197432 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2010-222802 Patent Document 6: Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-234407 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2010-77785

http://tostem.lixil.co.jp/lineup/kouhou/sw/seishin/

The use of Nuki is gradually used after the Meiji period, when Western technology that uses diagonal materials has been introduced into ordinary wooden structures in the form of braces and firewood. lost. However, even though the basic technical idea is an idea that can be fully utilized in modern times, it has reached the present day without fully understanding its features.

Here, when observing the deformation behavior of a wooden house during an earthquake, collapse begins with the relative displacement of the upper part of the house in the horizontal direction. In this case, it is surrounded by the pillars and horizontal members at the lower part of the house. It can be seen that the shape of each individual planar space begins with the transformation from a rectangle to a diamond. In view of this, it is suggested that individual columns do not deform independently of other columns, and paying attention to this point, the shape of this planar space deforms from a rectangle to a rhombus If this is prevented, it is expected that the entire house will be able to exert its resistance to earthquakes. From this point of view, it can be understood that a structural element that functions as a rigid body against shear deformation may be installed in this planar space.

As a method of constructing a perfect rigid body retrofit against shear deformation, there is a method of striking a structural plywood to the side of an existing column and horizontal member with screws or nails. Planar elements composed of columns and horizontal members will resist external force from the start of deformation, and when the deformation exceeds the 1/60 radians interlayer deformation angle, the nails and screws that have been struck begin to come off, and suddenly Therefore, the phenomenon that the resistance is lost occurs, so that the same behavior as the penetration and structural mechanics, which is the object of the present invention, cannot be obtained. In addition, since the structural plywood is struck over the entire plane composed of pillars and horizontal members, light and air cannot pass through, the room becomes dark, and ventilation is also preferable. Absent.

From the above, the problem to be solved in the present invention is a planar structural element exhibiting a structural mechanical function similar to the penetration that has been utilized in the traditional construction method that has been transmitted since ancient times in Japan, where there are many earthquakes. Can be installed in a post-installation method (post-installation method) in a plane space surrounded by the pillar and the horizontal member, and after installation, the plane along the plane surrounded by the pillar and the horizontal member It hardly resists the applied shear force at the beginning of the deformation of the plane, but a certain deformation (for example, the inclination of the column is 4 degrees (an interlayer deformation angle of about 1/15 radians) to 5 degrees (about After a deformation of the order of 9/100 radians (an interlayer deformation angle), a planar structural element exhibiting a structural mechanical function similar to the penetration is newly provided.

In the old wooden frame structure, it is a common phenomenon that the column is slightly inclined for many years. In some cases, the inclination angle has already reached about 3.5 degrees. So, when installing in a post-installation (post-installation method) in a plane space surrounded by existing pillars and horizontal members, it is possible to cope with a plane space where such a large deformation has already occurred. It is necessary to make it.

As a result of earnest research after the inventors have recognized the above-mentioned problems for the first time, the inventors have fully demonstrated the excellent structural mechanical properties of the structural element called a triangular frame, and are surrounded by existing pillars and horizontal members. A rectangular frame reinforced against a shear deformation by a triangular frame in the defined plane space, the triangular frame and a rectangular frame structurally integrated with the triangular frame to resist the shear deformation The first time to solve the above-mentioned problems by obtaining the knowledge that there is a possibility of preventing the existing wooden frame structure from being completely collapsed during an earthquake by installing the structural elements to be constructed in a retrofit manner As a result, the present invention has been completed.

The triangular frame according to the present invention has a special structure as described below for the connection structure of each vertex portion thereof, so that the individual members constituting the triangular frame are locked to each other by an interlocking mechanism. It has a configuration. Also, in the rectangular frame according to the present invention, each member constituting the same is connected to each other at each node (each connecting portion). It is the structure locked by. In addition to the interlocking mechanism according to the present invention, a commercially available structural adhesive or other known connection method is preferably used in the connection part between the individual components of the rectangular frame and / or the triangular frame. Can be used.

Specifically, the first invention is a rectangular structure composed of a planar combination of at least two triangular frames having a wooden rod-like or plate-like member as a constituent member, and the constituent members constituting each triangular frame However, a wooden rod-like or plate-like rectangular frame is installed so as to surround the outer periphery of the rectangular structure characterized by being combined in close contact with each other over its entire width and length. The outer surface of the component member constituting the outer periphery of the rectangular structure and the inner surface of the component member constituting the rectangular frame are in close contact with each other over the entire width and length thereof. Characterized by
The rectangular frame is
Each of the wooden members has, at each of both ends thereof, a portion having a rectangular cross section corresponding to half of the rectangular cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the wooden member, and the protruding portion at one end of the wooden member A region obtained by projecting on a plane orthogonal to the long axis and a region obtained by projecting the protruding portion at the other end on the same plane do not overlap each other, and the tip of the protruding portion is It does not protrude from the side of the opposite wooden member,
The wooden triangular frame is
Each of the wooden members has, at each of both ends thereof, a portion having a rectangular cross section corresponding to half of the rectangular cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the wooden member, and the protruding portion at one end of the wooden member The area obtained by projecting on the plane orthogonal to the long axis and the area obtained by projecting the protruding portion at the other end on the same plane do not overlap each other, and the tip of the protruding portion is the opposite wooden member It is invention which concerns on the complete collapse prevention member of the existing wooden frame structure at the time of the earthquake characterized by not protruding from the side surface of this.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, before the use of the complete collapse preventing member, each of the wooden members constituting the rectangular frame is relatively moved within the same plane at both ends thereof. Combining them to form each corner of the rectangular frame,
When using the complete collapse prevention member, they are fixed to each other,
It is fixed to each other that, at each of both ends of the wooden member, a side surface along a major axis direction of the wooden member among side surfaces of the protruding rectangular cross section is a corner portion of the rectangular frame. It is a side surface of a portion having a rectangular cross section projecting at one end of the other wood member constituting the material, and is achieved by being surface-joined with a side surface along the longitudinal direction of the other wood member Features and
Prior to use of the complete collapse preventing member, the triangular members are combined so that the respective wooden members constituting the triangular member can move relative to each other within the same plane at both ends thereof. Configure
When using the complete collapse prevention member, they are fixed to each other,
It is fixed to each other that, at each of both ends of the wooden member, the side surface along the major axis direction of the wooden member among the side surfaces of the protruding rectangular cross section is the apex portion of the triangular member. It is a side surface of a portion having a rectangular cross section projecting at one end of the other wood member constituting the material, and is achieved by being surface-joined with a side surface along the longitudinal direction of the other wood member Features.

According to a third invention, in the first or second invention, the aspect in which the constituent members are in close contact with each other is achieved by joining the two constituent members with a structural adhesive. It is characterized by.

According to a fourth invention, in the third invention, at least one continuous fiber reinforced FRP sheet is inserted and joined to a joining portion obtained by joining the two constituent members with a structural adhesive. ,
The continuous fiber reinforced FRP sheet has a configuration in which a piece of belt obtained by knitting synthetic fibers is impregnated with resin on site and then cured.

According to a fifth invention, in the fourth invention, the synthetic fiber is a polyester fiber or a nylon fiber.

According to a sixth invention, in any one of the fourth to fifth inventions, the resin constituting the continuous fiber reinforced FRP sheet is a polyester resin, an epoxy-urethane resin, a urethane resin, It is one selected from the group consisting of a crosslinked polyvinyl acetate resin emulsion and a crosslinked vinyl acetate resin emulsion.

A complete collapse prevention member for an existing wooden frame structure during an earthquake composed of a wooden rectangular frame and at least two wooden triangular members arranged in a plane formed by the wooden rectangular frame. A plurality of wooden triangular members are arranged in such a manner that they cannot move relative to each other in a plane to provide a combined structure of a wooden rectangular frame and a wooden triangular member having such a configuration. In a plane space composed of columns and horizontal members, the outer side surfaces of the individual members of the wooden rectangular frame and the inner side surfaces of the existing columns and horizontal members are arranged substantially in close contact with each other. By providing a structural member that enables it, we provide a structural member that exhibits similar behavior in terms of structural mechanics, which is one of the wisdom of ancestors in Japanese wooden frame structures with many earthquakes, Outside due to earthquake In the early stage of deformation of the wooden frame structure subjected to the above, it hardly exhibits resistance to shearing force, but it exhibits resistance suddenly when the interlayer deformation angle exceeds 1/15 radians, and depending on the installation It is expected that a complete collapse prevention member that does not give a feeling of pressure and an existing wooden frame structure using the member can be prevented from being completely collapsed during an earthquake.
It can be expected that one of the objects of the present invention will be sufficiently achieved.
Specifically, the merit of the complete collapse preventing member constituted by the combination of the rectangular frame and the triangular frame according to the present invention is roughly as follows:
(1) The complete collapse prevention member according to the present invention is not limited to the members of the rectangular frame constituting the member, and the existing columns and horizontal members on which the members are installed without being actively fixed to the existing columns and beams. If the deformation of the planar space surrounded by the crossing exceeds a certain value, it can be expected to resist shear deformation due to external force by a mechanism similar to the mechanical interlocking mechanism.
(2) Since the connecting portion is configured to be relatively slidable, it is easy to fit the rectangular frame and the triangular frame. In particular, since the pillars in an old wooden frame structure are generally inclined, the plane space formed by such inclined pillars and horizontal members is along the plane. Thus, when the combination structure of the rectangular frame and the triangular frame according to the present invention is closely installed, it is advantageous that the connecting portion is relatively slidable.
(3) When a combination member of a rectangular frame and a triangular frame is installed in a plane composed of existing pillars and horizontal members, a plane composed of the existing pillars and horizontal members is formed at the start of deformation. Even if it is deformed in-plane, it will not be deformed together with the deformation, but if the deformation exceeds a certain value, it will suddenly resist, so it can be expected to have the same structural mechanics effect as if the piercing was installed ( 4) Each of the constituent elements of the rectangular frame and the triangular frame can be constructed while being fixed and fixed one by one, so that handling is easy.
(5) It can also be expected to add a vibration control function. In that case, by using the continuous fiber reinforced FRP sheet according to the present invention, an expensive vibration control rubber or vibration control tape is not used. Damping characteristics that absorb vibration energy during earthquakes can be expected.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In addition, the element to which the same reference number was attached | subjected shall show the same member or structural element. FIG. 1A conceptually illustrates a perspective view of the vicinity of a vertex that is a part of a triangular frame element (100) according to the present invention. In the figure, at each end of the members 110 and 120, a portion having a rectangular cross section corresponding to half of the rectangular cross section orthogonal to the major axis direction of the member protrudes, and the protruding portions mesh with each other. In this example, the side surfaces of the opposing members do not protrude from each other, and the front end surface of the protruding portion having the rectangular cross section forms a flat surface with the side surfaces of the opposing members. The figure shows an apex having an acute angle, but the configuration at other right apexes not shown in the figure is also the same. The cross-sectional sizes of the members 110 and 120 are preferably the same, and wood such as a two-by-four material is preferably used. It goes without saying that the thickness (or width) should be appropriately selected according to the thickness of the pillar and the horizontal member constituting the plane of the place to be installed and the level of shearing force due to external force.

FIG. 1-B shows a perspective view of the constituent members of the triangular frame, or the constituent members of the rectangular frame, which are connected orthogonally to each other. As shown in the figure, in such a member, a portion having a rectangular cross-section corresponding to half of the rectangular cross-section orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the wood member protrudes at each of both ends thereof. The region obtained by projecting the projecting portion at the end onto a plane orthogonal to the long axis of the wooden member and the region obtained by projecting the projecting portion at the other end onto the same plane do not overlap each other Have Such a feature is the same for the diagonal member among the constituent members of the triangular frame.

The protrusion at the other end (not shown) of the member 110 is the same as the protrusion obtained at the other end and the region obtained when the protrusion shown in the figure is projected onto a plane orthogonal to the long axis of the member. The area obtained by projecting onto a plane is configured not to overlap each other (see FIG. 1-B). The structure of such a connecting portion is the same as that of the rectangular frame according to the present invention (for example, the rectangular frame indicated by reference numeral 210 in FIG. 2).

The connecting portion between the member 110 and the member 120 is preferably fastened to each other, but a plurality of triangular frames including the member 110 and the member 120 are arranged in close contact with each other in the plane of the rectangular frame described later. In such a case (for example, FIG. 4 or FIG. 7 to be described later), it is not always necessary to bind. In the case of fastening, a fastening method using a nail plate, a structural adhesive, bolts and nuts, etc. can be suitably applied.

FIG. 2 shows a state in which the triangular frame shown in FIG. 1 is installed in a plane formed by four sets of rectangular frames (210) when viewed in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the rectangular frame. In the figure, the member denoted by reference numeral 230 is installed in such a manner that the triangular frame (220) is held down from above, but it is preferable that this member is installed. The contact surface between one triangular frame and another triangular frame, and the contact surface between the triangular frame and the rectangular frame are preferably surface-bonded to each other. A structural organic adhesive is preferably used for this surface bonding. For this joining, as an alternative, a wooden plate sized appropriately with a wooden plate with a nail plate applied or a structural adhesive applied on one side along a plane perpendicular to each joining surface Can also be surface-bonded. As described above, if the rectangular frame and the triangular frame are fixed to each other, when the whole (200) is installed in a plane surrounded by the existing pillars and the horizontal members, the outside of the rectangular frame is removed. Even if a slight gap (about 0.1 mm to 0.2 mm) is generated between the side surface and the inner surface of the column and the horizontal member, the interlayer deformation angle is about from about 1/15 radians assumed in the present invention. When the value is as large as 9/100 radians, such a small gap is appropriately closed, so that it is not a big problem.

Also, a continuous fiber reinforced FRP sheet using a belt (thickness: about 1.5 mm, width: 50 mm) obtained by knitting polyester fiber or nylon fiber at the time of the above surface bonding, One piece of belt obtained by knitting is selected from the group of polyester resin, epoxy-urethane resin, urethane resin, cross-linked polyvinyl acetate resin emulsion, and cross-linked vinyl acetate resin emulsion on site. It is preferable to insert and bond at least one continuous fiber reinforced FRP sheet obtained by impregnating and curing one kind. This is preferable because viscoelastic characteristics can be expected as a whole without using expensive special resin for vibration damping. This is because, according to such a configuration, a cured resin layer is formed on the front and back surfaces of the synthetic fiber belt, and the space between these two resin layers passes through the mesh of the synthetic fiber belt. A micro polymer column that connects the front and back resin layers will be formed. From a mechanical point of view, an intermediate layer with a smaller elastic modulus is laminated between the two cured resin layers. It is because it becomes the structure made.

Polyester fibers and nylon fibers are typically available from Toray Industries, Inc. and Teijin Ltd. As belts or ropes obtained by knitting such synthetic fibers, for example, from Yuzawaya, which sells various clothing products Generally available. The method of knitting the fiber is not particularly limited as long as it has a mesh and an uncured resin for FRP production can ooze out or can be impregnated in the mesh. (Twill), twill weave, plain weave, and satin weave can be used, but general twill weave can be suitably used.

In the present invention, an organic adhesive is suitably applied to the surfaces between different members. As the organic adhesive, an epoxy / urethane resin or an adhesive mainly composed of a urethane resin is used. Preferably used. As the epoxy / urethane resin adhesive in this case, for example, one-pack type hamatite commercially available from Yokohama Rubber Co., Ltd. can be suitably used, and as the urethane resin adhesive, for example, from Cemedine Co., Ltd. A commercially available one-component type can be preferably used, but in general, any one can be suitably used as long as it is used as a structural adhesive.

In FIG. 2, a triangular frame is arranged in the plane of the rectangular frame. Instead of the rectangular frame, the triangular frame is arranged in a triangular plane space composed of an existing fire striking material and two beams. The triangular frame (220) shown in the figure is arranged by using a structural adhesive so that the outer side surfaces of all of its constituent members and the inner side surfaces of the existing fire striking materials and beams are in close contact with each other. It is also possible to structurally reinforce existing fire-burning materials. At that time, it is preferable that at least one continuous fiber reinforced FRP sheet having the same configuration as that described in the description of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram of one variation type of FIG. 2 and the configuration thereof is as described in detail for the configuration of FIG. 2 described above. The difference from the configuration of FIG. 2 is that the member 310 is installed. It is that you are. The member 310 preferably has the same length (the length in the direction perpendicular to the drawing sheet) as the width of the member constituting the triangular frame 220 (the width in the direction perpendicular to the drawing sheet). Further, it is preferable that the surfaces of the member 310 and the triangular frame 220 that are in contact with each other are surface-bonded with a structural adhesive. The role of the member 310 is to prevent the triangular frame 220 from being separated from the member of the rectangular frame. Therefore, the members that the triangular frame 220 and the rectangular frame 210 are in contact with each other are structural adhesive or mechanical. The triangular frame 310 may not be particularly provided when being joined with a joining tool (for example, a nail plate).

FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram of a complete collapse prevention member composed of a rectangular frame and a triangular frame according to the present invention. Here, the triangular frame is in a state in which the diagonal members are in close contact with each other. In the figure, eight sets are arranged so that they are in contact with each other without gaps, and the inner surface of the rectangular frame and the outer surface of the triangular frame are arranged so as to contact each other with no gaps. Yes. When such a configuration is achieved, the whole (400), that is, the complete collapse preventing member according to the present invention functions as if it were a continuous body in terms of structural mechanics against in-plane shear external force. Therefore, a member composed of a rectangular frame and a triangular frame having such a structure is installed in a plane composed of an existing column and a horizontal member, and the outer peripheral surface, the existing column and the horizontal member are arranged inside. When the peripheral surface is joined, structural elements consisting of existing pillars and horizontal members that have a hinge structure in terms of structural mechanics are structural elements of a ramen structure (a pseudo-ramen structure because it is not a complete ramen structure). Become. Even when the horizontal member is installed only in the lower part or the upper part of the target plane, the outer side surfaces of the vertical members on both sides of the complete collapse preventing member of the present invention having the above-described configuration and the existing ones corresponding thereto As long as the inner side surface of the column is surface-bonded, a pseudo-ramen structure is similarly formed.

The configuration of the above-described complete collapse preventing member is described as a superordinate concept as follows. That is,
A rectangular structure composed of a planar combination of at least two triangular frames having a wooden rod-like or plate-like member as a constituent member, and the constituent members constituting each triangular frame span the entire width and length. Thus, a wooden rod-like or plate-like rectangular frame is installed so as to surround the outer periphery of the rectangular structure characterized by being combined in a manner in close contact with each other, and constitutes the outer periphery of the rectangular structure The outer surface of the component member and the inner surface of the component member constituting the rectangular frame are in close contact with each other over the entire width and length thereof,
The rectangular frame is
Each of the wooden members has, at each of both ends thereof, a portion having a rectangular cross section corresponding to half of the rectangular cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the wooden member, and the protruding portion at one end of the wooden member A region obtained by projecting on a plane orthogonal to the long axis and a region obtained by projecting the protruding portion at the other end on the same plane do not overlap each other, and the tip of the protruding portion is It does not protrude from the side of the opposite wooden member,
The wooden triangular frame is
Each of the wooden members has, at each of both ends thereof, a portion having a rectangular cross section corresponding to half of the rectangular cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the wooden member, and the protruding portion at one end of the wooden member The area obtained by projecting on the plane orthogonal to the long axis and the area obtained by projecting the protruding portion at the other end on the same plane do not overlap each other, and the tip of the protruding portion is the opposite wooden member It is the structure which does not protrude from the side. In such a configuration, the rectangular frame and the triangular frame may not be joined with a structural adhesive or a mechanical joint (such as a nail plate), but the rectangular frame and the triangular frame are mutually connected. Needless to say, a stronger structural element can be obtained by connecting the two.

Moreover, in such a structure, the structure of the connection part of each structural member in a rectangular frame or each triangular frame is as follows.
Prior to use of the complete collapse preventing member, the rectangular frame is configured such that the respective wooden members constituting the rectangular frame are combined so that they can be moved relative to each other in the same plane at both ends thereof. Configure
When using the complete collapse prevention member, they are fixed to each other,
It is fixed to each other that, at each of both ends of the wooden member, a side surface along a major axis direction of the wooden member among side surfaces of the protruding rectangular cross section is a corner portion of the rectangular frame. It is a side surface of a portion having a rectangular cross section projecting at one end of the other wood member constituting the material, and is achieved by being surface-joined with a side surface along the longitudinal direction of the other wood member Features and
Prior to use of the complete collapse preventing member, the triangular members are combined so that the respective wooden members constituting the triangular member can move relative to each other within the same plane at both ends thereof. Configure
When using the complete collapse prevention member, they are fixed to each other,
It is fixed to each other that, at each of both ends of the wooden member, the side surface along the major axis direction of the wooden member among the side surfaces of the protruding rectangular cross section is the apex portion of the triangular member. A side surface of a portion having a rectangular cross-section protruding at one end of the other wooden member constituting the structure, the side surface of the other wooden member along the long axis direction, and a configuration achieved by surface bonding Become.
In such a configuration, the rectangular frame and the triangular frame may not be joined with a structural adhesive or a mechanical joint (such as a nail plate), but the rectangular frame and the triangular frame are mutually connected. Needless to say, a stronger structural element can be obtained by connecting the two.

FIG. 5 shows a mode in which two sets of triangular frames shown in FIG. 1 are installed in a plane formed by rectangular frames (510). In the figure, the member indicated by reference numeral 530 is installed in such a manner that the triangular frame (520) is held down from above, but it is preferable that this member is installed. The triangular frame and the rectangular frame are preferably surface-bonded to each other. For this surface bonding, a structural organic adhesive is preferably used, and at that time, at least one continuous fiber reinforced FRP sheet having the same structure as that described in the description of FIG. It is the same that it is preferable to insert and bond them.

FIG. 6 is a conceptual diagram of one modification type of FIG. 5, and the configuration thereof is as described in detail for the configuration of FIG. 5 described above. The difference from the configuration of FIG. 5 is that the member 610 is installed. It is that you are. The member 610 preferably has the same length (length in the direction perpendicular to the drawing sheet) as the width of the member constituting the triangular frame 520 (width in the direction perpendicular to the drawing sheet). Further, it is preferable that the surfaces of the member 610 and the triangular frame 520 that are in contact with each other are bonded to each other with a structural adhesive. The role of the member 610 is to prevent the triangular frame 520 from separating from the members of the rectangular frame. Therefore, the members that the triangular frame 520 and the rectangular frame 510 are in contact with each other are structural adhesive or mechanical. The triangular frame 610 may not be particularly provided when being joined by the joint tool.

FIG. 7 is a conceptual diagram of a complete collapse preventing member composed of a rectangular frame and a triangular frame according to the present invention, and its basic configuration is as described in detail with reference to FIG. Here, there is shown a mode in which the triangular frame is arranged so that four sets of the triangular frame are in close contact with each other with no gap in a state where the diagonal members are in close contact with each other. When arranged in this way, the rectangular frame and the triangular frame may not be joined with a structural adhesive or a mechanical joint (such as a nail plate). It goes without saying that a stronger structural element can be obtained if they are connected to each other.

Example:
One of the 80-year-old one-story wooden multi-story houses (between frontage 3 and depth 4) extends from north to south, east, west, and north with a pillar under the crossing of the eaves girder and the beam. Remove the existing hanging wall (1 in the south direction, 1 in the north direction, 2 in the east direction, and half in the west direction). In addition, a complete collapse prevention member comprising a rectangular frame reinforced against shearing by a triangular frame according to the present invention was installed. Since the column (square column) under the orthogonal part of the eaves girder and the beam was located almost at the center of the floor of this one house, as a result, it extended from the center column to the east, west, south, and north The planar space of the drooping wall portion is reinforced with the complete collapse preventing member according to the present invention.

The wood used for the rectangular frame and the triangular frame was a 2 × 4 (two-by-four) material having a thickness of 38 mm and a width of 89 mm. The size of the hanging wall part removed is the distance between the beam supporting the ceiling and the top surface of the difference head (height direction): about 550 mm, and the relative distance between the pillars (square pillars) and the pillars (square pillars) at both ends of the difference head The distance between the side surfaces (horizontal direction): about 1770 mm. The thickness of the pillar was 90 mm, the width of the difference head was 90 mm, and the thickness was 35 mm. The combination of the rectangular frame and the triangular frame installed in the same plane space after removing all the wall soil and bamboo tree dance used for the existing hanging wall (the hanging wall above the difference head) is shown in FIG. ing. The acute angles of the triangular frame are about 42 degrees and about 48 degrees, respectively. In this case, the portion where the triangular frame is in contact with each other, the portion where the triangular frame and the rectangular frame are in contact, and the portion where the member 230 is in contact with the rectangular frame are all surface bonded with a structural adhesive. The adhesive used was an adhesive (TiteBondRIII) consisting of a crosslinked polyvinyl acetate resin emulsion commercially available from Franklin International, Columbus, Ohio.

Distance between the pillars and the sides of the pillars (horizontal direction): Between about 1770 mm, four sets of triangle frames can be inserted in close contact with each other via a rectangular frame as shown in FIG. Calculate the size of the individual members to create each member of the triangular frame. Similarly, the size of each member of the rectangular frame is calculated to create each member of the rectangular frame. In this case, the length of the member that becomes the horizontal member of the rectangular frame is slightly different from the distance between the existing pillar and the inner side surface of the pillar (for example, the thickness of the belt knitted with the synthetic fiber described above is 1.5 mm). It is preferable to make the setting operation described later easy by using a short dimension.

An example of the installation procedure is as follows. First, the member that becomes the lower horizontal member of the rectangular frame is arranged so as to be in close contact with the upper surface of the existing differential head, but before that, the structural adhesive is applied to the upper surface of the target existing differential head. And a synthetic fiber belt to be a continuous fiber reinforced FRP sheet is placed thereon (thickness: 1.5 mm, width: one 50 mm, thickness: 1.). 5mm, 38mm in width, placed in parallel on the same plane) While squeezing from the top of the belt with a spatula, the adhesive is lifted from below through the mesh of the belt, and then the same structure is used from above. An adhesive is applied to a thickness of about 0.5 mm, and a member that becomes a horizontal member of the rectangular frame is placed thereon. At this time, it is preferable to fasten both members with a clamp. Next, the members which are vertical members on both sides of the rectangular frame are erected so as to be fitted to both ends of the horizontal member. At this time, it is preferable but not essential to adhere to the side surface of the existing column. The reason is that, when the building age is old, generally, the existing pillars are slightly inclined, so that basically a wedge-shaped gap is formed between the vertical members of the rectangular frame. Thereafter, the triangular frame members are sequentially installed in the arrangement shown in FIG. 2 while being bonded to the adjacent triangular frame members and the rectangular frame members using the structural adhesive. After the installation of all the triangular frames is finished, finally, a member that becomes the upper horizontal member of the rectangular frame is installed.

When the inclination of the existing column is so small that the vertical members on both sides of the rectangular frame and the side surface of the existing column can be bonded to each other, as described above, Apply a structural adhesive to the inner surface with a thickness of about 0.5, and place a synthetic fiber belt to be a continuous fiber reinforced FRP sheet on it (thickness: 1.5 mm, width: 50 mm). 1 piece, thickness: 1.5 mm, 1 piece with a width of 38 mm, placed in parallel on the same plane), while squeezing from the top of the belt with a spatula, lift the adhesive from the bottom through the mesh of the belt, then Further, a method of applying the same structural adhesive with a thickness of about 0.5 mm from above and then installing the adhesive while pressing a member to be a vertical member of the rectangular frame is preferably employed. With such a configuration, it is expected that damping characteristics can be imparted without using expensive damping resin or damping tape.

One of the existing pillars is inclined about 3.2 to 3.5 degrees in the plane composed of the pillar and the horizontal member, and the other pillar is also about the same direction in the same plane. Since it was tilted by about 2.8 degrees to 3.0 degrees, when the complete collapse prevention member (total combination structure of a rectangular frame and a triangular frame) according to the present invention was installed, it was between the vertical members of the rectangular frame. Some wedge-shaped gaps were formed in each, but these gaps were installed without being filled. In such a case, it is preferable to insert the same wedge-shaped plate material into the wedge-shaped gap, but one of the objects of the present invention is that the interlayer deformation angle due to the shear external force is a large deformation of 1/15 radians. Since it is effective to demonstrate the resistance later, even if it does not look good in appearance,

It is a fragmentary perspective view which shows the connection structure in one vertex part of the triangular frame which concerns on this invention. It is an example of the embodiment of the complete collapse prevention member comprised from the rectangular frame which concerns on this invention, and four sets of triangular frames. FIG. 3 is a variation of the embodiment shown in FIG. It is an example of the embodiment of the complete collapse prevention member comprised from the rectangular frame which concerns on this invention, and eight sets of triangular frames. It is an example of the embodiment of the complete collapse prevention member comprised from the rectangular frame which concerns on this invention, and two sets of triangular frames. 6 is a variation of the embodiment of FIG. It is an example of the embodiment of the complete collapse prevention member comprised from the rectangular frame which concerns on this invention, and four sets of triangular frames.

Claims (6)

A rectangular structure composed of a planar combination of at least two triangular frames having a wooden rod-like or plate-like member as a constituent member, and the constituent members constituting each triangular frame span the entire width and length. Thus, a wooden rod-like or plate-like rectangular frame is installed so as to surround the outer periphery of the rectangular structure characterized by being combined in a manner in close contact with each other, and constitutes the outer periphery of the rectangular structure The outer surface of the component member and the inner surface of the component member constituting the rectangular frame are in close contact with each other over the entire width and length thereof,
The rectangular frame is
Each of the wooden members has, at each of both ends thereof, a portion having a rectangular cross section corresponding to half of the rectangular cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the wooden member, and the protruding portion at one end of the wooden member A region obtained by projecting on a plane orthogonal to the long axis and a region obtained by projecting the protruding portion at the other end on the same plane do not overlap each other, and the tip of the protruding portion is It does not protrude from the side of the opposite wooden member,
The wooden triangular frame is
Each of the wooden members has, at each of both ends thereof, a portion having a rectangular cross section corresponding to half of the rectangular cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the wooden member, and the protruding portion at one end of the wooden member The area obtained by projecting on the plane orthogonal to the long axis and the area obtained by projecting the protruding portion at the other end on the same plane do not overlap each other, and the tip of the protruding portion is the opposite wooden member A member for preventing the complete collapse of an existing wooden frame structure during an earthquake characterized by not projecting from the side surface. Prior to use of the complete collapse preventing member, the rectangular frame is configured such that the respective wooden members constituting the rectangular frame are combined so that they can be moved relative to each other in the same plane at both ends thereof. Configure
When using the complete collapse prevention member, they are fixed to each other,
It is fixed to each other that, at each of both ends of the wooden member, a side surface along a major axis direction of the wooden member among side surfaces of the protruding rectangular cross section is a corner portion of the rectangular frame. It is a side surface of a portion having a rectangular cross section projecting at one end of the other wood member constituting the material, and is achieved by being surface-joined with a side surface along the longitudinal direction of the other wood member Features and
Prior to use of the complete collapse preventing member, the triangular members are combined so that the respective wooden members constituting the triangular member can move relative to each other within the same plane at both ends thereof. Configure
When using the complete collapse prevention member, they are fixed to each other,
It is fixed to each other that, at each of both ends of the wooden member, the side surface along the major axis direction of the wooden member among the side surfaces of the protruding rectangular cross section is the apex portion of the triangular member. It is a side surface of a portion having a rectangular cross section projecting at one end of the other wood member constituting the material, and is achieved by being surface-joined with a side surface along the longitudinal direction of the other wood member The complete collapse prevention member of the existing wooden frame structure at the time of the earthquake of Claim 1 characterized by the above-mentioned. The existing configuration at the time of an earthquake according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the aspect in which the constituent members are in close contact with each other is achieved by joining the two constituent members with a structural adhesive. A complete collapse prevention member for wooden frame structures. At least one continuous fiber reinforced FRP sheet is inserted and joined to the joint portion between the two constituent members joined with a structural adhesive,
The continuous fiber reinforced FRP sheet has a configuration in which a piece of belt obtained by knitting synthetic fibers is impregnated with resin on site and then cured. Complete collapse prevention member for existing wooden frame structures during an earthquake. The said synthetic fiber is a polyester fiber or a nylon fiber, The complete collapse prevention member of the existing wooden frame structure at the time of the earthquake of Claim 4 characterized by the above-mentioned. The resin constituting the continuous fiber reinforced FRP sheet is selected from the group consisting of polyester resin, epoxy / urethane resin, urethane resin, cross-linked polyvinyl acetate resin emulsion, and cross-linked vinyl acetate resin emulsion 1 The complete collapse prevention member for an existing wooden frame structure at the time of an earthquake according to any one of claims 4 to 5, wherein the member is a seed.

Images