JP2017089946A - Heat storage system and operation method of heat storage system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To allow, in a heat storage system using an adsorbent as a heat storage material, application to a large scale district, a factory and an industrial part, which consume a large quantity of energy.SOLUTION: In a heat storage material filling tank 21, a heat storage material M comprised of an adsorbent is accommodated. In heat storage operation, outside air taken in by a fan 13 is heated by a heating coil 14 and is then supplied into the heat storage material filling tank 21. In heat release operation, the outside air taken in is supplied into the heat storage material filling tank 21, and high-temperature and low-humidity air after adsorption of moisture is supplied as supply air to a heat demander. A heat source of the heating coil 14 is solar heat, cogeneration waste heat, or industrial waste heat.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a heat storage system using an adsorbent and an operation method of the heat storage system.

  Since the Great East Japan Earthquake, stable power supply has become even more important. Among various measures for stable power supply, one of the most practical measures is the promotion of the cogeneration system (CGS). ing. However, at present, from an economic point of view, if there is no stable heat demand corresponding to the equipment capacity, the introduction of CGS will not be judged, and even if the installed CGS does not have heat demand, it will not operate. In some cases, the benefits are lower than expected.

  A heat storage system is considered to be effective in improving the operating rate of CGS, but the amount of heat storage limited to the heat storage density (solidification latent heat of the latent heat storage material) is limited to commercially available latent heat storage materials (PCM). The problem of cost per operation and the problem of utilization temperature and operation rate limited by the freezing point (melting point) of the latent heat storage material are listed, and at present there is no optimal heat storage system.

  Thus, it has been proposed to store heat using an adsorbent such as zeolite instead of the latent heat storage material (Patent Document 1). This is because the adsorbate can be adsorbed in a container having an inlet and an outlet, and has an adsorbent that releases adsorption energy by adsorption, and the gas heated by the adsorption energy in the container is heated at a high temperature. It is configured to lead to a place to be warmed and is used in an automotive heating system.

Special table 2015-516909 gazette

  However, the above-described conventional technology is originally applied to a limited space such as an automobile, and cannot be applied to, for example, a large area, factory, or industrial park that consumes a large amount of energy.

  The present invention has been made in view of such points, and in a heat storage system using an adsorbent as a heat storage material, it can be applied to a large area, factory, or industrial park, which consumes a large amount of energy. The purpose is to do.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has a housing that contains a heat storage material made of an adsorbent, a fan, and a heating unit that heats the outside air taken in by the fan, and is heated by the heating unit. It is a heat storage system that can supply the air after having been supplied to the heat storage material in the container by the fan,
During the heat storage operation, the air heated by the heating unit is supplied to the container and stored in the heat storage material, and during the heat dissipation operation, the outside air taken in is supplied to the container and the moisture in the outside air is supplied by the heat storage material. The air after the moisture is adsorbed is supplied to a heat demand destination as supply air.

According to the present invention, during the heat storage operation, air heated by the heating unit is supplied to the container to store heat by the heat storage in the container, and during the heat dissipation operation, the taken-in outside air is supplied to the container to store the heat storage. Since the moisture in the outside air is adsorbed by the material and the air after the moisture is adsorbed is supplied to the heat demand as supply air, it consumes a large amount of energy. It can be applied to industrial parks. That is, in the present invention, the heat source of the heating unit includes, for example, solar heat, warm exhaust heat (for example, cogeneration waste heat, factory waste heat, exhaust heat such as steam from a building, so-called OA exhaust heat, or data center heat Exhaust heat) can be used. Therefore, it can be applied to large-scale areas, factories and industrial parks that consume a large amount of energy. On the other hand, the moisture in the outside air taken in is directly adsorbed by the adsorbent and heated by the heat generated at that time, so that heat storage in a wide temperature range is possible.
Moreover, any of a liquid and gas can be used for the heating medium from the heat source when heating by the heating unit. Moreover, the temperature of the heat utilized for heat storage (desorption) should just be about 100 degreeC, for example. From the viewpoint of the model, for example, a coil system that performs indirect heat exchange with the heat medium can be adopted for the heating unit. For example, a heating coil, a water-air heat exchanger, an air-air heat exchanger, and the like can be used as necessary. And according to the kind of heating medium, a well-known heating means can be employ | adopted for a heating part. Of course, it is also possible to adopt an air heating method using an electric heater or a direct combustion method.

  In such a case, a heat exchanger for heating may be provided in a flow path for supplying heat to a heat demand destination.

  The operation method of the heat storage system of the present invention is characterized in that after the start of the heat radiation operation, the air volume of the supply air supplied to the heat demand destination is controlled.

  In such a case, the air volume of the supply air may be controlled by adjusting the opening of a damper provided in the flow path of the supply air supplied to at least a fan or a heat demand destination.

  According to still another aspect, the operation method of the heat storage system of the present invention controls the temperature of the air supplied to the container by joining a part of the supply air with the outside air after the start of the heat radiation operation. It is characterized by.

  In this case, the temperature of the air supplied to the container may be controlled by controlling the air volume of the supply air that merges with the outside air.

  You may make it control the said fan with the air volume of the supply air combined with the said external air.

  According to the present invention, heat exhaust heat or solar heat is used as the heat source of the heating unit, so that the present invention can be applied to large-scale areas, factories and industrial parks that consume a large amount of energy.

It is explanatory drawing which showed typically the outline of the structure of the heat storage system concerning embodiment. It is explanatory drawing which showed typically the outline of the structure of the thermal storage system concerning embodiment at the time of heat radiation operation. It is explanatory drawing which showed typically the outline of the structure of the experimental apparatus of a thermal storage system. It is a graph which shows the time-dependent change of the temperature of each point of the thermal storage material filling tank when performing thermal storage operation using the experimental apparatus of FIG. It is a graph which shows temporal changes, such as humidity of each point of the thermal storage material filling tank when carrying out thermal storage operation using the experimental apparatus of FIG. It is a graph which shows the time-dependent change of the temperature of each point of the thermal storage material filling tank when heat radiation operation is carried out with a large air volume using the experimental apparatus of FIG. It is a graph which shows a time-dependent change of the humidity etc. of each point of the thermal storage material filling tank when heat radiation operation is carried out with a large air volume using the experimental apparatus of FIG. It is a graph which shows the time-dependent change of the temperature of each point of the thermal storage material filling tank when heat radiation operation is carried out with a small air volume using the experimental apparatus of FIG. It is a graph which shows a time-dependent change of the humidity etc. of each point of the thermal storage material filling tank when heat dissipation operation is carried out with a small air volume using the experimental apparatus of FIG. It is explanatory drawing which showed typically the outline of the structure of the thermal storage system provided with the heat exchanger for suppressing the temperature fall of the supply air at the end of heat radiation operation. It is explanatory drawing which showed typically the outline of the structure of the other heat storage system provided with the heat exchanger for suppressing the temperature fall of the supply air at the end of heat radiation operation. It is explanatory drawing which showed typically the outline of the structure of the thermal storage system provided with the inverter in order to suppress the temperature fall of the supply air at the end of heat radiation operation. 13 is a graph showing the relationship between the supply air temperature and the air flow rate when the air supply air flow control is performed by the heat storage system of FIG. It is explanatory drawing which showed typically the outline of the structure of the other heat storage system for implementing supply air volume control in order to suppress the temperature fall of the supply air at the end of thermal radiation operation. It is explanatory drawing which showed typically the outline of the structure of the other heat storage system for implementing recirculation air volume control in order to suppress the temperature fall of the supply air at the end of heat radiation operation. It is the graph which showed the time-dependent change of the air volume ratio when recirculation air volume control is implemented by the heat storage system of FIG. It is the graph which showed the time-dependent change of the entrance-and-exit temperature of the thermal storage material filling tank when recirculation air volume control is implemented by the thermal storage system of FIG. It is explanatory drawing which showed typically the outline of the structure of the other heat storage system for implementing recirculation air volume control in order to suppress the temperature fall of the supply air at the end of heat radiation operation.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment will be described. FIG. 1 shows an outline of a configuration of a heat storage system 1 according to the embodiment. The heat storage system 1 is a variety of types according to heat generation of a dry adsorbent in an adsorbent filling tank. The system is configured as a system for supplying high-temperature and low-humidity air to the factory drying process, and includes an air supply unit 11 and a heat storage material filling tank 21.

  The heat storage material filling tank 21 is composed of a member having air permeability, such as a punching metal, between the upper space 21b and the lower space 21c in the housing 21a, and the heat storage material M made of an adsorbent granule. The container is filled and stored.

  The air supply unit 11 has a fan 13 and a heating coil 14 as a heating unit in a casing 12, and can heat outside air introduced from an introduction flow path 15 constituted by a duct or the like.

  A fluid heated by heat such as solar heat, cogeneration waste heat, factory waste heat, for example, hot water or heated air is used for the heating coil 14. That is, the heat source of the heating coil 14 is solar heat, cogeneration waste heat, factory waste heat, or the like.

  The air sent out by the fan 13 can be supplied by switching to the upper space 21b and the lower space 21c in the heat storage material filling tank 21. That is, the supply path 16 configured by a duct or the like connected to the air supply unit 11 is branched into a first supply flow path 17 and a second supply flow path 18, and the first supply flow path 17 and the second supply flow path are branched. The flow path 18 is connected to the upper space 21b and the lower space 21c in the heat storage material filling tank 21, respectively. Then, by opening / closing operations of dampers D2, D3, D4, and D5, which will be described later, outdoor air and other outside air (outside system) adjusted in temperature in the upper space 21b and lower space 21c in the heat storage material filling tank 21 as necessary. Air) can be switched and supplied.

  A first exhaust flow path 23 and a second exhaust flow path 24 are connected to the upper space 21b and the lower space 21c in the heat storage material filling tank 21, respectively. The exhaust path 22 is an exhaust flow path in the sense of being exhausted from the heat storage material filling tank 21, but functions as each flow path for return air when supplying air to the load and circulating use described later depending on the operation mode. That is, the exhaust path 22 branches off from a sub-introduction path 19 (return air flow path for circulation use) connected to the air supply unit 11, and after branching, an exhaust path 25 (external system) exhausts outside the system. To the exhaust passage). For example, a high-temperature, low-humidity air supply path 26 (air supply path to a load) is connected to the exhaust path 22, which leads to a customer who is one form of a heat demand destination. Each of the flow paths described above is configured by, for example, a duct or the like. In this embodiment, for example, in the district heat supply, it is assumed that the warm air can be directly supplied to unit consumers such as dwelling units and facilities.

  The supply path 16 is provided with a first hygrometer 31 and a first thermometer 32, and the humidity and temperature of the air flowing through the supply path 16 are measured. The exhaust passage 22 is provided with a second hygrometer 33 and a second thermometer 34, and the humidity and temperature of the air flowing through the exhaust passage 22 are measured.

  A damper D1 is provided in the introduction flow path 15, and dampers D 2 and D 3 are provided in the first supply flow path 17 and the second supply flow path 18 branched from the supply path 16, respectively. The exhaust passage 23 and the second exhaust passage 24 are provided with dampers D4 and D5, the auxiliary introduction passage 19 is provided with a damper D6, the exhaust passage 25 is provided with a damper D7, and high temperature and low humidity supply is provided. In the air passage 26, a damper D8 is provided.

  The heat storage system 1 according to the embodiment is configured as described above. First, in the heat storage operation, as shown in FIG. 1, the dampers D1, D3, D4, and D7 are opened, and the dampers D2, D5, D6 and D8 are closed. The outside air taken in from the introduction flow path 15 by the fan 13 is heated by the heating coil 14, supplied from the supply path 16 to the lower space 21 c in the heat storage material filling tank 21 through the second supply flow path 18. The heat storage material M is heated. As a result, the heat storage material M made of the adsorbent granule is dried.

  During such heat storage operation, unused exhaust heat is introduced into the heating coil 14 as a heating medium. In this case, if the exhaust heat is exhaust, it may be used as it is. The heating coil 14 itself may employ an air-to-air heat exchanger. When the exhaust heat to be used is discharged as a liquid, hot water of the exhaust heat can be directly used by adopting a water-to-air heat exchanger. Further, a heat exchanger (for example, hot water) after indirectly exchanging the exhaust heat by providing a heat exchanger on the exhaust heat source side may be sent to the water-to-air heat exchanger.

  The air that has been used for drying the heat storage material M is exhausted from the upper space 21b in the heat storage material filling tank 21 to the outside through the first exhaust flow path 23, the exhaust path 22, and the exhaust path 25. Is done. Through this operation, moisture is desorbed from the granule of the adsorbent constituting the heat storage material M, and heat is stored.

  Then, when supplying high-temperature and low-humidity air to the drying processes of the various biomass factories described above, the operation is switched to the heat radiation operation. That is, as shown in FIG. 2, the dampers D1, D2, D5, and D8 are opened, and the dampers D3, D4, D6, and D7 are closed. Further, the supply of the heating medium to the heating coil 14 is stopped. The outside air taken in from the introduction flow path 15 by the fan 13 is supplied from the supply path 16 to the upper space 21 b in the heat storage material filling tank 21 through the first supply flow path 17. If it does so, the water | moisture content in the said external air will be adsorb | sucked by the adsorbent which comprises the thermal storage material M. FIG. At this time, heat is generated, whereby the adsorbent of the heat storage material M adsorbs moisture and is heated, and the air heated by the heat stored in the heat storage material M is also stored in the heat storage material filling tank 21. From the lower space 21c, the second exhaust passage 24, the exhaust passage 22 and the high temperature and low humidity air supply passage 26 are sent to the high temperature and low humidity air supply passage 26. Can be supplied. The heat storage system 1 shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 uses the introduction flow path 15 and the supply path 16 for the first supply flow path 17 and the first flow path in both the heat storage operation and the heat radiation operation in order to save the duct amount. 2 The outside air is supplied from the supply channel 18 into the heat storage material filling tank 21, but it is not necessary to pass the heating coil 14 during the heat radiation operation. For example, the first supply channel 17, the second supply channel Alternatively, an external air intake duct may be connected to the path 18 so that the external air from the external air intake duct is directly supplied into the heat storage material filling tank 21.

  As described above, according to the heat storage system 1 according to the present embodiment, using heat from solar heat, cogeneration waste heat, factory waste heat, etc., high-temperature and low-humidity air can be supplied to various biomass plants with low energy costs. First, it can be supplied to the factory drying process.

  As described above, in performing the heat storage operation and the heat radiation operation, for example, the heat storage operation may be performed at night and the heat radiation operation may be performed in the daytime. Further, when the heat storage operation is performed again after the heat radiation operation, the heat can be efficiently stored even if the heat radiation is not completed.

  In the embodiment, the adsorbent that is granulated is used for the heat storage material M. As this adsorbent, known adsorbents such as silica gel and zeolite can be used, but an adsorbent granule having desired performance such as ventilation resistance and heat / mass transfer can be used as a heat storage material. . For example, composites composed of amorphous aluminum silicate and low-crystalline clay, such as Hassley (registered trademark) and polymer sorbents for low-temperature regenerative adsorbents can be used for conventional adsorbents (silica gel, zeolite, etc.). Compared to a wide range of humidity, water vapor can be adsorbed, so it can be a high-density heat storage material.

  By the way, in the heat radiation operation for obtaining the high-temperature and low-humidity air as the supply air shown in FIG. 2, the heat storage material M (adsorbent granule) near the inlet of the heat storage material filling tank 21, that is, the upper space 21b is supplied. Moisture in the wet air (outside air) is adsorbed and heated to raise the temperature of the ventilated air, but the heat storage material M that adsorbs and generates heat with the lapse of time of the heat radiation operation is an upper space that is an air inlet portion. From 21b, it moves to the lower space 21c near the exit portion. Then, at the end of the heat radiation operation, the amount of the heat storage material M that adsorbs and generates heat (the water adsorption / heat generation region in the heat storage material filling tank 21) decreases, so that the second exhaust serving as the outlet of the heat storage material filling tank 21 is obtained. The air temperature at the inlet of the flow path 24 gradually decreases.

  In order to verify this point, a description will be given based on experimental results of heat storage and heat dissipation operation using the experimental apparatus 41 of FIG. The experimental apparatus 41 shown in FIG. 3 includes an air supply unit 42, a temperature control unit 43, and a heat storage tank unit 44. The air supply unit 42 includes an air supply fan 42a. The temperature control / humidity control unit 43 includes a dehumidifier 45 for dehumidifying the supply air from the supply fan 42a, a flow rate controller 46 for adjusting the flow rate of the supply air after dehumidification, It has a humidifier 47 that humidifies via a damper D10, and a heater 48 that heats the supplied air after humidification. The heating temperature of the heater 48 is controlled by the temperature indicating controller 50 based on the temperature detected by the temperature detector 49 installed on the downstream side. A humidity detector 51 is provided on the downstream side of the temperature detector 49.

  The supply air heated by the heater 48 is sent to the lower space 52a of the heat storage material filling tank 52 of the heat storage tank section 44 via the dampers D11 and D12. The heat storage material filling tank 52 stores therein a heat storage material made of an adsorbent. Air from the upper space 52b of the heat storage material filling tank 52 is exhausted outside the system through the damper D13 and the flow rate controller 53. The heat storage material filling tank 52 has a cylindrical shape with a diameter of 98.6 mm and a height of 300 mm.

  The heat storage material filling tank 52 is provided with a temperature sensor Tin that detects the temperature in the lower space 52a, that is, the temperature of the inlet air, and the temperature sensor Tout that detects the temperature in the upper space 52b, that is, the temperature of the outlet air. Yes. And the temperature sensor T1-T5 for measuring the temperature of the thermal storage material which the thermal storage material filling tank 52 contains sequentially in a height direction is provided in the up-down direction at equal intervals in order from the bottom.

  Using this experimental apparatus 41, the temperature at the entrance and exit of the heat storage material filling tank 52 and the temperature at five points in the height direction are measured together with the temperature and humidity at the entrance and exit of the heat storage material filling tank 52 in the heat storage operation and the heat radiation operation. The state in the heat storage material filling tank was confirmed. A general-purpose “zeolite (13X) granulated product” was used as the heat storage material.

  The results of the heat storage operation when high-temperature air of about 130 ° C. is supplied to the heat storage material filling tank 52 are shown in FIGS. FIG. 4 shows the change over time in temperature, and FIG. 5 shows the change over time in humidity.

  As can be seen from FIG. 4, the inlet temperature of the heat storage material filling tank 52 increased from the normal temperature due to the influence of the heat capacity of the experimental apparatus 41 and reached 120 ° C. about 0.2 hours after the start of operation. The temperature inside the tank rises from room temperature sequentially in the order close to the inlet (in the order of temperature sensors T1 to T5), and the outlet temperature of the heat storage material filling tank 52 starts to rise about 0.7 hours after the start of operation. About 2 hours after the start, the temperature reached 120 ° C. At this time, as shown in FIG. 5, the outlet relative humidity in the heat storage material filling tank 52 was almost 0% RH, the adsorbent in the heat storage material filling tank 52 was in a dry state, and the heat storage operation was completed.

  With such a dry heat storage material filling tank 52 as an initial condition, two types of heat radiation operation (moisture adsorption operation) when room temperature air of about 30 ° C./about 50% RH is supplied to the heat storage material filling tank 52 are performed. The results will be described. 6 shows the change with time in temperature when the amount of air supplied to the heat storage material filling tank 52 is large (in the case of 137 L / min), FIG. 7 shows the change in humidity at that time, and FIG. 8 shows the supply to the heat storage material filling tank 52. FIG. 9 shows a change in temperature over time when the heat radiation operation is performed when the air volume is small (in the case of 46 L / min), and FIG. 9 shows a change in humidity at that time.

  As shown in FIG. 6, first, the adsorbent near the inlet in the tank (the location of the temperature sensor T1) adsorbs moisture and generates heat, resulting in a temperature rise. Then, in the order close to the inlet (in the order of temperature sensors T1 to T5), heat is generated and the temperature rises, and the outlet temperature (Tout) in the heat storage material filling tank 52 starts to rise rapidly about 0.2 hours after the start of operation. Reached 70 ° C or higher. Thereafter, the outlet temperature (Tout) in the heat storage material filling tank 52 decreases after about 1 hour from the start of operation, and the outlet temperature (Tout) in the heat storage material filling tank 52 becomes the heat storage after about 1.5 hours from the start of operation. The room temperature was equal to the inlet temperature (Tin) in the material filling tank 52, and the heat radiation operation was completed. After about 1.5 hours from the start of operation, as shown in FIG. 7, the relative humidity at the outlet of the heat storage material filling tank 52 increased rapidly and showed about 40% RH.

  Similarly, FIG. 8 shows the change over time in the heat radiation operation when normal temperature air of about 30 ° C./about 50% RH was supplied to the heat storage material filling tank at about 46 L / min, and FIG. 9 shows the change over time in the humidity. However, as shown in FIG. 8, first, the adsorbent near the inlet of the heat storage material filling tank 52 (the location of the temperature sensor T1) adsorbs moisture and generates heat, resulting in a temperature rise. Heat is generated sequentially in the order close to the inlet (in the order of temperature sensors T1 to T5), and the temperature rises. The outlet temperature in the heat storage material filling tank 52 starts to rise rapidly after about 0.5 hours from the start of operation. It reached over ℃. Thereafter, after about 3.6 hours from the start of operation, the outlet temperature in the heat storage material filling tank 52 decreases, and after about 5.3 hours from the start of operation, the outlet temperature in the heat storage material filling tank 52 is filled with the heat storage material. The room temperature was equal to the inlet temperature of the tank 52, and the heat radiation operation was completed.

  After about 4.3 hours from the start of operation, as shown in FIG. 9, the relative humidity in the outlet of the heat storage material filling tank 52 increased rapidly, and about 40% RH was exhibited after about 5.3 hours from the start of operation. .

  Since the temperature difference between the normal temperature air supplied to the heat storage material filling tank 52 and the 80 ° C. supply air that is the outlet temperature in the heat storage material filling tank 52 is 50 deg. Is 137 L / min (FIG. 6), 50 / (1.5-1) · (1/60) = 1.67 deg. / Min and the air volume is 46 L / min (FIG. 8), 50 / (5.3-3.6) · (1/60) = 0.49 deg. / Min. The rate of decrease in the supply air temperature in FIG. 9 was 29% (0.49 / 1.67) of the rate of decrease in FIG. The air volume in FIG. 8 is 34% (46/137) of the air volume in FIG.

  As shown in FIGS. 6 and 8, it was found that the supply air temperature gradually decreased at the end of the heat radiation operation in any air volume. Accordingly, when supplying high-temperature and low-humidity air to the drying process of various biomass factories and other factories, it is necessary to suppress a decrease in temperature (an increase in relative humidity) at the end of the heat radiation operation.

  When heat source equipment such as another heating heat exchanger or boiler is connected to the heat storage system 1 in series, for example, the user adjusts the temperature and humidity of the high-temperature and low-humidity supply air. Or heat source equipment such as a boiler.

  That is, when supplying high-temperature and low-humidity air, in order to prevent the temperature from decreasing at the end of the heat radiation operation, for example, as shown in FIG. Heat exchange may be performed between steam or hot water (not shown) and the supply air flowing through the high-temperature and low-humidity supply passage 26 to compensate for the temperature drop. In this case, for example, as shown in FIG. 10, a temperature detector 62 is provided in the high-temperature, low-humidity supply passage 26 on the downstream side of the heat exchanger 61, and heat exchange is finished based on the detection value of the temperature detector 62. The opening and closing of the valve 64 provided in the return pipe 63 returning to the boiler (not shown) may be controlled.

  In addition, when supplying high-temperature and low-humidity air, in order to prevent the temperature from decreasing at the end of the heat radiation operation and adjust the humidity, for example, as shown in FIG. 11, the heat exchanger 61 and the temperature detector 62 In addition, a humidity detector 65 is provided, and steam from a boiler (not shown) is further introduced upstream of the heat exchanger 61 through a branch pipe 67 branched from the outgoing pipe 66 toward the heat exchanger 61. Good. In this case, the opening and closing of the valve 68 provided in the branch pipe 67 may be controlled based on the detection value of the humidity detector 65.

  The examples shown in FIGS. 10 and 11 are examples in which the heat exchanger 61 is added to the heat storage system 1, but when the heat storage system 1 is installed alone or in parallel with other heat source equipment. In addition, it is possible for the heat storage system 1 itself to prevent a decrease in temperature and humidity at the end of such heat radiation operation.

  FIG. 12 shows an example in which the rotational speed control is performed on the fan 13 by the inverter 71 to control the air supply amount. In such a case, when the outlet temperature of the heat storage material filling tank 21 is lowered, the rotation speed of the fan 13 is lowered by the inverter 71 to reduce the supply air volume. Since this temperature decrease is due to a decrease in the amount of moisture adsorbed, it can be controlled by increasing the humidity instead of the temperature, but in general, a hygrometer is more expensive than a thermometer. Is economical. The effect which suppresses the fall of the exit temperature of the thermal storage material filling tank 21 by such temperature control of air supply is demonstrated based on FIG.

  First, the state of the heat radiation operation of FIG. 6 described above is shown as Case 1 of FIG. In FIG. 13, the upper diagram shows the change over time in the inlet / outlet temperature of the heat storage material filling tank 21, and the lower diagram shows the change over time in the air volume (the air volume ratio when the air volume in FIG. 6 is 100%). As shown in FIG. 13, in Case 1, the outlet temperature decreased in about 1 hour after the start of operation, and the outlet temperature became equal to the inlet temperature after about 2 hours from the start of operation. Here, in the case of Case 2 in which the air volume is reduced to 34% at about 1 hour after the start of operation, the outlet temperature of about 80 ° C. is observed until about 2 hours after the start of operation from the experimental results of FIG. It can be estimated that it can be maintained. Further, in the case of Case 3 from about 1 hour after the start of operation to about 1.2 hours after the start of operation, the air volume is gradually reduced to 34% (air volume control by the outlet temperature). However, it can be estimated that the outlet temperature can be maintained for a longer time than Case1.

  For these reasons, it is possible to maintain the supply air temperature by reducing the supply air volume after the start of the heat radiation operation. However, although the supply air volume itself is reduced, depending on the customer, for example, when the customer needs high-temperature and low-humidity air supply to carry out a certain drying process, the amount of dry matter processed becomes small in the evening. At that time, the air volume is effective when at least the initial supply of high temperature and low humidity is required.

  In addition, although the example shown in FIG. 12 employ | adopted the method of adjusting the rotation speed of the fan 13 with the inverter 71 and controlling a supply air volume, as shown in FIG. 14 instead of inverter control, Based on the temperature and humidity of the air at the outlet of the heat storage material filling tank 21, the opening degree of the dambar D <b> 8 provided in the high-temperature and low-humidity supply passage 26 may be controlled. As described above, the air volume of the high temperature and low humidity supply air can be controlled by directly controlling the opening degree of the damper D8 provided in the high temperature and low humidity supply flow channel 26.

  In place of such control of the supply air volume, recirculation supply control as described below can also suppress a decrease in supply air temperature and humidity at the end of the heat radiation operation.

  The heat storage system 1 using the adsorbent described in the embodiment can be regarded as a heat pump system. That is, since the temperature increase on the right axis in the upper diagram of FIG. 13 described above is the action of the heat pump, when the inlet temperature of the heat storage material filling tank 21 can be increased, the heat supply is supplied to the high temperature and low humidity supply passage 26. The temperature of the supply air can be maintained at a high temperature.

  Therefore, as shown in FIG. 15, a part of the supply air supplied to the high temperature and low humidity air supply passage 26 is returned from the air supply unit 11 to the heat storage material filling tank 21, and the high temperature and low humidity air from the heat storage material filling tank 21 is returned. By recirculating, it becomes possible to raise the inlet temperature of the heat storage material filling tank 21, and thereby the temperature and humidity of the high temperature and low humidity supply air supplied through the high temperature and low humidity supply passage 26 can be controlled.

  That is, in the example shown in FIG. 15, the second temperature detector 34 that measures the temperature of the air at the outlet of the heat storage material filling tank 21, and the second humidity detection that measures the humidity of the air at the outlet of the heat storage material filling tank 21. The opening degree of the damper D8 provided in the high-temperature and low-humidity supply passage 26 and the opening degree of the damper D6 provided in the high-temperature and low-humidity air sub-introduction passage 19 of the high-temperature and low-humidity supply unit 11 are It comes to control.

  Such control will be described with reference to FIGS. 16 and 17. FIG. 16 shows changes in the recirculation air volume ratio and the supply air volume ratio, and FIG. 17 shows changes in the inlet / outlet air of the heat storage material filling tank 21 at that time. Represents.

  As shown in FIG. 16, by gradually increasing the recirculation flow rate that was 0% until 1 hour after the operation time, as shown in FIG. 17, the inlet of the heat storage material filling tank 21. The temperature Tin is increased, whereby the outlet temperature Tout of the heat storage material filling tank 21 is maintained at about 80 ° C. However, as the recirculation flow rate increases, the supply air volume supplied through the high temperature and low humidity supply passage 26 decreases.

  In adjusting the opening degree of the damper and performing the recirculation air supply control, as shown in FIG. 18, an air supply air amount control by the inverter 71 of the fan 13 may be further added.

  In the example shown in FIG. 18, the second temperature detector 34 that measures the temperature of the air at the outlet of the heat storage material filling tank 21, and the second humidity detector that measures the humidity of the air at the outlet of the heat storage material filling tank 21. Based on the detected value of 33, the opening degree of the damper D6 provided in the auxiliary introduction flow path 19 of the high temperature and low humidity air of the high temperature and low humidity air supply unit 11 is controlled, and the second temperature detector 34 and the second humidity are controlled. Based on the detected value of the detector 33, the inverter 71 is controlled to control the air volume by the fan 13. This enables more realistic operation with a wide control range.

  As described above, the recirculation air supply control shown in FIGS. 15 and 18 can control the temperature and humidity of the high temperature and low humidity supply air according to the inlet temperature of the heat storage material filling tank 21. It is a technique that can be controlled because the heat storage material made of the adsorbent housed in the heat storage material filling tank 21 is not merely a heat exchanger, but causes an exothermic reaction due to the supply of outside air containing moisture, This is a unique control method for a heat storage system using adsorbents.

  As can be seen from the above embodiments, the present invention uses heat from factory waste heat, solar heat, heat pump waste heat to heat and store a heat storage material made of an adsorbent, and is used at the time of use by consumers. In other words, during heat radiation operation, by supplying external air containing moisture to the heat storage material, high-temperature and low-humidity supply air is consumed by consumers and other customers due to the heat stored and the heat generated when the adsorbent absorbs moisture. It is possible to supply it first.

  Today, the household and business sectors, which account for a large percentage of Japan's energy demand, have made significant progress toward the realization of “ZEB (Net Zero Energy Building)” and “ZEH (Net Zero Energy House)”. Energy saving is required. Therefore, the development of a large-scale regional heat network (hereinafter referred to as “megastock”) that regenerates heating and cooling heat sources from CGS waste heat, factory waste heat, solar heat, and heat pump waste heat in urban areas, factories and industrial parks was assumed. In this case, by adopting the present invention, the energy consumption (electric power / gas consumption) of the air conditioning system can be brought to zero as much as possible by using heat from outside the air conditioning system, which can contribute to the realization of ZEB and the realization of ZEH. .

  In addition, megastock using the present invention uses waste heat from various places that has not been used in the past for drying adsorbents, and is supplied by applying to air conditioning technology using adsorbents on the use side that requires cold and hot heat. Can do. Furthermore, it is considered that the future ESP (Energy Service Provider) will be based on the best mix of gas / electricity / renewable energy, but megastock using the present invention is the key technology for the consumer / business industry. Enables business development of “Hard + ESP type or management contract type”.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is useful for air conditioning that uses waste heat in large-scale areas, factories, and industrial parks.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Heat storage system 11 Air supply unit 12 Casing 13 Fan 14 Heating coil 15 Introduction flow path 16 Supply path 17 1st supply flow path 18 2nd supply flow path 19 Sub-introduction flow path 21 Heat storage material filling tank 21a Case 21b Upper space 21c Lower space 22, 25 Exhaust passage 23 First exhaust passage 24 Second exhaust passage 26 High temperature and low humidity air supply passage 31 First hygrometer 32 First thermometer 33 Second hygrometer 34 Second thermometer 41 Experimental equipment D1-D8, D10-D13 Damper M Heat storage material

Claims (7)

It has a container that contains a heat storage material made of an adsorbent, a fan, and a heating unit that heats the outside air taken in by the fan, and the air that has been heated by the heating unit is stored in the fan by the fan A heat storage system that can be supplied to a heat storage material in the body,
At the time of the heat storage operation, the air heated by the heating unit is supplied to the container to store heat with the heat storage material,
At the time of heat radiation operation, the taken-in outside air is supplied to the container, moisture in the outside air is adsorbed by the heat storage material, and the air after the moisture is adsorbed is supplied to a heat demand destination as supply air A heat storage system characterized by that. The heat storage system according to claim 1, further comprising a heat exchanger for heating in a flow path for supplying heat to a heat demand destination. The operation method of the heat storage system according to claim 1,
An operation method of a heat storage system, wherein after the heat radiation operation starts, an air volume of supply air supplied to a heat demand destination is controlled. The air volume of the supply air is controlled by adjusting an opening degree of a damper provided in a flow path of the supply air supplied to at least a fan or a heat demand destination. How to operate the heat storage system. The operation method of the heat storage system according to claim 1,
A method of operating a heat storage system, comprising: controlling a temperature of air supplied to the container by joining a part of the supply air with the outside air after the start of the heat radiation operation. The operation method of the heat storage system according to claim 5, wherein the temperature of the air supplied to the container is controlled by controlling an air volume of the supply air that merges with the outside air. The operation method of the heat storage system according to claim 6, wherein the fan is controlled together with an air volume of supply air to be merged with the outside air.

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