JP2017080745A - Kneading apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a kneading apparatus which can reduce a size of a machine body, and can obtain high self-cleaning effect.SOLUTION: A kneading apparatus includes first and second rotation shafts 3, 4 which are oppositely arranged and rotate at a non-constant velocity, kneading members Pn mounted on the first rotation shaft at an interval, and kneading members Qn mounted on the second rotation shaft by respectively shifting from the kneading members of the first rotation shaft by a predetermined distance. Each of the kneading members of the first and second rotation shafts has a flat plate part and a protrusion part protruding from the flat plate part. The first and second rotation shafts rotate at the non-constant velocity so that the protrusion part of the kneading member enters between the two adjacent kneading members of a counter side and comes close to each of the flat plate parts of the kneading member.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a kneading apparatus, and more particularly to a kneading apparatus that conveys various raw materials while kneading them by rotating a kneading member provided on two rotating shafts.

  Conventionally, this kind of kneading apparatus (mixer) is used for kneading raw materials such as dehydrated sludge, incineration or dust collection dust, solidifying agent mixed dust such as cement, powders or granules such as fertilizer, and these raw materials. It is used for kneading with adding liquid.

  Conventionally, as described in, for example, Patent Document 1, a plurality of rods are unidirectionally mixed while kneading raw materials by rotating two rotating shafts erected so that they are arranged in an inverse spiral shape with each other. There is known a kneading apparatus that conveys the material. In such a kneading apparatus, since the tip of the rod is disposed so as to be close to the outer peripheral surface of the mating rotating shaft, the kneaded material adhering to the outer peripheral surface of the mating rotating shaft is scraped off by the rotation of both rotating shafts. Self-cleaning is obtained. It is described in the patent document that such a rod can be replaced by a substantially flat paddle (paragraph 0045).

  Further, from Patent Document 2, a plurality of first rotating shafts arranged so that a paddle as a stirring member is arranged at a predetermined spiral pitch in a spiral manner at a predetermined angular pitch interval on the outer periphery and a similar paddle with a predetermined spiral There is known a kneading apparatus including a plurality of second rotating shafts arranged in a pitch so as to be arranged at a predetermined angular pitch interval in a spiral opposite to the spiral of the first rotating shaft. Also in this kneading apparatus, the first and second rotating shafts are rotated at opposite speeds in the reverse direction, and the ratio of the helical pitch of the first and second rotating shafts is the number of rotations of the first and second rotating shafts. The ratio between the ratio and the inverse ratio, and the ratio between the angular pitches of the paddles of the first and second rotating shafts are set to be the same as the rotational speed ratio of the first and second rotating shafts.

JP 2006-239554 A Republished patent WO2009 / 044608

  In the kneading apparatus described above, the positions of the kneading members (rods and paddles) provided on the first and second rotating shafts from the shaft end of the rotating shaft are the same. Therefore, in order to prevent the kneading members facing each other at the same position from the shaft ends of the first and second rotating shafts from colliding with the rotation of both rotating shafts, the distance between the first and second rotating shafts is kneaded. It is necessary to separate according to the size of the member, and the distance that the tip of the kneading member of one rotating shaft can approach the outer peripheral surface of the other rotating shaft is limited. For this reason, there has been a problem that the self-cleaning effect of scraping off the kneaded material adhering to the outer peripheral surface of the counterpart rotating shaft is reduced.

  This invention solves such a problem, and makes it a subject to provide the kneading apparatus which can reduce a body and can obtain the high self-cleaning effect.

The present invention for solving the above problems
First and second rotating shafts that are arranged to face each other and rotate at unequal speed;
A kneading member attached to the first rotating shaft at an interval;
A kneading member attached to the second rotating shaft and shifted by a predetermined distance from the kneading member of the first rotating shaft,
Each kneading member of the first and second rotating shafts has a flat plate portion and a protruding portion protruding from the flat plate portion,
The first and second rotating shafts are rotated at non-uniform speed so that the protruding portion of the kneading member enters between two adjacent kneading members on the other side and is close to each flat plate portion of the kneading member. It is characterized by that.

  In the present invention, the first and second rotating shafts are arranged at a non-uniform speed so that the protruding portion of the kneading member enters between two adjacent kneading members on the other side and is close to each flat plate portion of the kneading member. Therefore, the self-cleaning effect of scraping off the kneaded material adhering to the flat plate portion can be further enhanced.

It is the longitudinal cross-sectional view of the kneading apparatus which showed the state when the paddle arrange | positioned at one rotating shaft in a housing | casing was seen from the side. It is a top view of the kneading apparatus showing the paddle disposed on the rotating shaft in a state where most of the upper side of the housing is removed. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A ′ of FIG. 2. (A) is a perspective view showing the appearance of the paddle, (b) is a plan view thereof, (c) is a front view thereof, (d) is a side view thereof, and (e) is a BB ′ line of (c). FIG. (A) is a perspective view showing the appearance of another paddle, (b) is a plan view thereof, (c) is a front view thereof, (d) is a side view thereof, and (e) is a CC ′ of (c). It is sectional drawing along a line. (A)-(c) is explanatory drawing explaining the attachment to the rotating shaft of a paddle. It is explanatory drawing which showed the rotation state of the paddle when a rotating shaft rotated. It is explanatory drawing which showed the rotation state of the paddle when a rotating shaft rotated, making the rotation angle fine. 6A is an enlarged view of the vicinity of the paddle P4 in FIG. 6C, FIG. 6B is an explanatory diagram for explaining the proximity state of the columnar portion near the paddle P4, and FIG. 6C is an EE ′ line of FIG. FIG. (A) is a perspective view showing the appearance of a kneading member having a rhombus cross section, (b) is a plan view thereof, (c) is a front view thereof, (d) is a side view thereof, and (e) is a D view of (c). It is sectional drawing along line -D '. (A)-(c) is explanatory drawing explaining the attachment to the rotating shaft of the kneading member of FIG. It is a perspective view of a rod-shaped kneading member.

  Hereinafter, the kneading apparatus of the present invention will be described in detail based on the embodiments shown in the drawings.

  FIGS. 1 to 3 illustrate the structure of a kneading apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 shows a paddle (kneading member) disposed on one rotating shaft in a housing as viewed from the side. FIG. 2 is a top view of the kneading apparatus showing the paddles disposed on the two rotating shafts in a state where most of the upper side of the casing is removed, and FIG. It is sectional drawing along the AA 'line of 2. FIG.

  In FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, reference numeral 1 denotes a housing of the kneading apparatus, which is provided horizontally on the frame 2 provided on the base 10. The housing 1 is made of a metal such as stainless steel, and is formed in an elongated rectangular parallelepiped shape here, and its lower part is circular as depicted by the tip of the paddle of the rotating shafts 3 and 4 as shown in FIG. It has a corresponding arc.

  On the upper side of the right end portion shown in FIG. 1, an input port 1 a is provided for supplying dusty, powdery or granular raw materials (kneaded material) into the housing 1 from a hopper (not shown). A discharge port 1b for discharging the kneaded material from the housing 1 onto a conveyor (not shown) is provided below the left end. Although not shown in the drawing, an inlet for supplying a chemical solution, a solvent, or the like injected into the material to be kneaded is provided in the upper portion of the housing 1 as necessary.

  In the housing 1, two rotating shafts 3 and 4 having the same diameter are installed in parallel with each other along the longitudinal direction thereof. The rotating shafts 3 and 4 are made of metal such as stainless steel and have a circular cross section. The distance between the two rotating shafts 3 and 4 is close to a position where a slight gap is formed between the tip of the paddle disposed on one rotating shaft and the outer periphery of the other rotating shaft. Can be reduced.

  The right end portion 3a and the left end portion 3b of the rotating shaft 3 are smaller in diameter than the rotating shaft 3, respectively, and protrude outward from the housing 1 and are rotatably supported by bearing portions 5 and 6 fixed to the bases 10 and 11. Has been. Further, the right end portion 4a and the left end portion 4b of the rotating shaft 4 are smaller in diameter than the rotating shaft 4, respectively, protrude from the housing 1 to the outside, and rotate to the bearing portions 7 and 8 fixed to the bases 10 and 11. Bearing is possible.

  1 and 2 of the rotating shafts 3 and 4 are inserted into the gear box 12, and the right end portions 3a and 4a of the rotating shafts 3 and 4 in the gear box 12 are meshed with each other. 13 and 14 are fixed.

  A sprocket 15 is fixed to the outside of the bearing portion 7 of the rotating shaft 4. A motor 18 is mounted on the base 10 and a sprocket 17 is fixed to its output shaft. A chain 16 is stretched between the sprockets 15 and 17.

  A rotational driving force in one direction of the motor 18 is transmitted to the rotating shaft 4 through the sprocket 17, the chain 16 and the sprocket 15, so that the rotating shaft 4 rotates in one direction, and further, the rotating driving force is transmitted through the gears 14 and 13. The rotation shaft 3 is transmitted to the rotation shaft 3 to rotate in the reverse direction. The rotating shafts 3 and 4 are rotated at unequal speeds at a rotation speed ratio of N: N−1, with N being an integer equal to or greater than 2, via the gears 13 and 14. For example, N is set to 2 to 6, and in this embodiment, N is set to 5 and the rotary shafts 3 and 4 are rotated at a rotation ratio of 5: 4. In addition, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the rotation directions of the rotation shafts 3 and 4 are directions in which the rotation shafts 3 and 4 rotate toward each other as viewed from above.

  Paddles P1 to P13 and P1 'to P13' as kneading members are provided on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 3, and paddles Q1 to Q13 and Q1 'to Q13' are provided on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 4, respectively. The paddles P1 to P13, P1 'to P13', Q1 to Q13, and Q1 'to Q13' are also expressed as paddles Pn, Pn ', Qn, and Qn', where n = 1 to 13.

  The paddles Pn, Pn ′, and Qn have the same shape and the same material, and are made of metal such as stainless steel. A paddle P1 is representatively shown in FIGS. 4 (a) to 4 (e). The paddles Qn 'are different in shape from these, and the paddles Q1' are typically shown in FIGS. 5 (a) to 5 (e). In the following description, the paddle P1 attached to the rotating shaft 3 is represented by the reference numeral 20 and the paddle Q1 ′ attached to the rotating shaft 4 is denoted by the reference numeral 40. This also applies to the paddles Pn, Pn ′, Qn, Qn ′ and the rotating shaft to which they are attached.

  The paddle 20 is integrated with a metal mounting base 60 for attaching the paddle 20 to the rotary shafts 3 and 4 by welding or the like at the center of the lower surface thereof. Bolt holes 61 and 62 for attaching the paddle 20 to the rotary shafts 3 and 4 are formed in the mounting base 60. The lower surface of the mounting base 60 has an arc shape that matches the curvature of the outer periphery of the rotary shafts 3 and 4.

  As shown in FIGS. 4A to 4E, the paddle 20 is integrally formed with a fan-shaped flat plate portion 22 and a columnar portion 21 that is provided at the center and is erected perpendicularly to the rotation shafts 3 and 4. ing. In FIG. 4C, the lower surface 27 of the flat plate portion 22 has an arc shape having a diameter slightly larger than the outer diameter of the rotating shafts 3 and 4, and the upper surface 28 is concentric with the center of one rotating shaft and the other. The circular arc has a diameter slightly smaller than the distance from the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft. The angle β formed by the two end surfaces 29 and 30 of the flat plate portion 22 is 150 °. Since the two side surfaces 32 and 33 of the flat plate portion 22 are parallel to each other and arranged perpendicular to the rotation axis, the thickness t of the flat plate portion 22 is constant as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 4E, the paddle 20 has a solid cross section.

  The columnar portion 21 is a quadrangular prism shape having a rhombus shape when cut in a plane parallel to the paper surface in FIG. 4B, and the two side surfaces 23 and 24 of the columnar portion 21 are one side of the flat plate portion 22. The other two side surfaces 25 and 26 of the columnar portion 21 protrude from the other side surface 33 of the flat plate portion 22. The cross-sectional size of the columnar portion 21 is such that the upper surface 34 is slightly larger than the lower surface 31. The lower surface 31 of the columnar part 21 is slightly outside (upper side in FIG. 4C) than the lower surface of the flat plate part 22. The upper surface 28 of the flat plate portion 22 is curved in an arc shape concentric with the rotation axis.

  Similarly to the paddle 20, the paddle 40 has a configuration in which the columnar portion 21 is provided on the flat plate portion 22, but the position of the columnar portion 21 is different from the paddle 20. An angle γ formed by the center line of the flat plate portion 22 and the center line of the columnar portion 21 in FIG. 5C is attached at the same position in the axial direction of the rotary shaft 4 and the center line of the columnar portion 21 of the paddle Q′n. The angle between the center line of the columnar portion 21 of the paddle Qn (angle α in FIG. 3) is set to 36 ° so that it is 144 ° (twice 72 °). By doing so, the angle β of the flat plate portion 22 can be increased while the angle pitch of the paddles Qn and Qn ′ arranged at the same position in the axial direction is set to a predetermined angle. Since the shapes of the columnar portion 21 and the flat plate portion 22 are the same as those of the paddle 20, the same reference numerals as those in FIGS.

  The paddles Pn, Pn ′, Qn, Qn ′ (n = 1 to 13) are shifted from each other by a predetermined angular pitch in the circumferential direction (rotational direction) of the rotary shaft at a predetermined spiral pitch on the outer periphery of the rotary shafts 3 and 4. Arranged in a spiral. This state is illustrated in FIG. The attachment state shown in FIG. 6C corresponds to that shown in FIG. Since the mounting state of the paddle shown in FIG. 6 (c) or FIG. 2 is complicated, only the paddles Pn and Qn are taken out in FIG. 6 (a) and shown in FIG. 6 (b). Only the paddles Pn ′ and Qn ′ are taken out and their arrangement is shown. In order to clarify the mounting state, the paddles Pn ′ and Qn ′ are shaded.

  Moreover, in FIG. 6, the angle is shown on the right side. The angle of 0 ° is an angle extending vertically downward from the center of the rotation shafts 3 and 4 as viewed in FIG. 6 (leftward in the horizontal direction in FIG. 3), and is rotated clockwise along the circumference of the rotation shaft. Each angle is shown. R1 to R13 (rotary shaft 3) and S1 to S13 (rotary shaft 4) are paddle mounting positions along the axial direction of the rotating shaft, and the distance between the mounting positions (pitch in the axial direction) is all 2d. It is equidistant. The axial pitch 2d is slightly larger than the axial thickness (length) of the columnar portion 21, and when the rotating shafts 3 and 4 rotate, paddles adjacent to each other (for example, paddle P1 and paddle Q1). ) Is set so that it does not touch. With such a setting, when the number of paddles is constant, the length of the housing can be reduced as compared with the case where the paddles are inclined and the kneading apparatus can be downsized.

  Further, the mounting positions R1 to R13 and S1 to S13 from the shaft ends of the rotating shafts 3 and 4 are positions passing through the center of the paddle in the axial direction, and the mounting position of the paddle Pn of the one rotating shaft 3 in the axial direction. (R1 to R13) and the mounting position (S1 to S13) of the paddle Qn on the other rotating shaft 4 in the axial direction are displaced from each other by 1/2 (= d) of the axial pitch 2d in the axial direction. The distance between the rotary shafts 3 and 4 is such that when the rotary shafts 3 and 4 are rotated, the tips of the kneading members of the rotary shafts (the upper surfaces 28 and 34 of the paddles 20 and 40) are the outer peripheral surfaces of the counterpart rotary shafts. The kneaded material adhering to the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft facing the tip of the kneading member is scraped off and set to such a value that can be self-cleaned.

  Thus, in this embodiment, each paddle Pn of the rotary shaft 3 is not the same as each paddle Qn of the rotary shaft 4 in the mounting positions Rn and Sn from the shaft end of the rotary shaft, and has an axial pitch 2d. It is shifted by 1/2. If the mounting positions are the same, the risk of collision between the paddles Pn and Qn increases. However, as described above, since the distance d is shifted, the risk is reduced. Therefore, the distance between the rotating shafts 3 and 4 can be made shorter than when the mounting position is not shifted, and the tip of the kneading member of one rotating shaft can be brought closer to the outer peripheral surface of the other rotating shaft. The self-cleaning effect of scraping off the kneaded material adhering to the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft can be further enhanced.

  As described below, the paddle Pn and the paddle Qn are reversely spiraled with each other at an angular pitch having the same ratio as the rotational speed ratio of the rotary shafts 3 and 4 and at a helical pitch having an inverse ratio to the rotational speed ratio of the rotational speeds 3 and 4. It is attached to the rotary shafts 3 and 4 in a shape.

  First, as shown in FIG. 6A, the paddle P1 is positioned at an angular position of 90 ° (b) at the position R1 in the axial direction, and the paddle P2 is rotated from the angular position of the paddle P1 at the position R2. The paddle P3 is positioned at an angular position of 180 ° (c) shifted by an angular pitch of 90 ° in the direction opposite to the rotation direction (hereinafter referred to as clockwise), and the paddle P3 is further rotated 90 ° clockwise from the angular position of the paddle P2 at the position R3. At the shifted angular position of 270 ° (d), the paddle P4 is attached at the angular position of 0 ° (a), which is further shifted 90 ° clockwise from the angular position of the paddle P3 at the position of R4. Hereinafter, similarly, the paddles P5 to P13 are attached to the positions of R5 to R13 while being shifted by 90 ° in the clockwise direction. In this way, the paddles Pn are arranged so as to be shifted by 90 ° in the circumferential direction (clockwise) every time they are shifted (moved) by a predetermined pitch (distance 2d) in the axial direction. 8d) spiral shape. In this specification, the paddle array arranged in a spiral manner at a predetermined angular pitch (90 °) interval at a predetermined spiral pitch (L) is referred to as a single spiral array in this specification.

  When the rotating shaft 3 rotates in the direction indicated by the arrow, the material to be kneaded is conveyed leftward as viewed in FIG. 6 due to the screw effect of this single spiral arrangement.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 6A, the paddle Q1 is at an angular position of 0 ° (A) at the position S1 in the axial direction of the rotary shaft 4, and the paddle Q2 is at the angular position of the paddle Q1 at the position S2. Is attached at an angular position of 288 ° (E) shifted by an angular pitch of 72 ° in the direction opposite to the rotational direction of the rotating shaft 4 (hereinafter referred to as a counterclockwise direction). Paddle Q3 is positioned at S3 at an angular position of 216 ° (D) that is further shifted by 72 ° counterclockwise from the angular position of paddle Q2, and paddle Q4 is positioned at S4 and further counterclockwise from the angular position of paddle Q3. At an angular position of 144 ° (C) shifted by 72 °, the paddle Q5 is attached at a position of 72 ° (B) which is further shifted by 72 ° counterclockwise from the angular position of the paddle Q4 at the position of S5. Hereinafter, similarly, Q6 to Q13 are attached to the positions of S6 to S13, respectively, shifted by 72 degrees counterclockwise.

  Thus, since the paddle Qn is displaced by an angle of 72 ° in the reverse circumferential direction (counterclockwise direction) every time it moves 2d in the axial direction, the paddle Qn has a spiral pitch of 1.25L (= 10d). Yes, this spiral pitch is arranged at an angular pitch interval of 72 °, and the paddle array is a single spiral array that is a spiral opposite to the spiral of the paddle Pn. When the rotary shaft 4 rotates in the direction indicated by the arrow, the material to be kneaded is similarly conveyed to the left as indicated by the arrow due to the screw effect by the single spiral arrangement. At this time, since the spiral pitch is 1.25L (= 10d) which is the inverse ratio of the rotation speed ratio, the transport speed by the paddle Pn and the transport speed by Qn are the same.

  Further, since the ratio of the angular pitch (angle deviation) 90 ° of the paddle Pn and the angular pitch 72 ° of the paddle Qn is the same as the rotational speed ratio 5 to 4 of the rotational shafts 3 and 4, the rotational shaft 3 When rotating n times, the rotating shaft 4 rotates (4/5) * n, and the angular positions of the adjacent paddles Pn and Qn are the same as those before the rotating shaft 3 rotates n times, see FIG. As will be described later, the angular relationship between the paddles Pn and Qn (Pn, Qn + 1) at the adjacent axial positions according to the rotation of the rotary shafts 3 and 4 is periodically repeated, and the angular phase does not shift. .

  Further, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6B, the angular pitch deviation of 180 ° (90 ° × 2) from the paddle P1 in the clockwise direction at the position R1 of the rotary shaft 3 to which the paddle P1 is attached. The paddle P1 ′ is attached at the angular position. Similarly, at a position of Rn (n = 2 to 13) of the rotary shaft 3 to which the paddle Pn (n = 2 to 13) is attached, an angular pitch deviation of 180 ° from the paddle Pn (n = 2 to 13) in the clockwise direction. Paddles Pn ′ (n = 2 to 13) are attached at the positions.

  In this way, the paddle Pn ′ is attached at each angular position that is 180 ° different from the attachment angle of the paddle Pn attached at the same position as the axial position Rn of the paddle Pn. This arrangement is another spiral arrangement, and a paddle having a two-row arrangement is attached to the rotary shaft 3. The two spiral arrangements of the rotating shaft 3 are illustrated in FIGS. 6C and 2, although the illustration is complicated.

  Similarly, as shown in FIG. 6B, at the position S1 in the axial direction of the rotary shaft 3 to which the paddle Q1 is attached, the center position of the columnar portion 21 is 144 ° (72 ° to the paddle Q1 in the counterclockwise direction. A paddle Q1 ′ is attached at an angular position shifted by an angular pitch of × 2). Hereinafter, similarly, at the position of Sn (n = 2 to 13) of the rotating shaft 4 to which the paddle Qn ′ (n = 2 to 13) is attached, the center position of the columnar portion 21 is paddle Qn (n = 2-13) and paddles Qn ′ (n = 2 to 13) are attached at positions shifted by an angle pitch of 144 °.

  The paddle Qn ′ is at the same position as the axial position Sn of the paddle Qn, and at an angular position different from the attachment angle of the paddle Qn attached at that position by 180 ° (144 ° when paying attention to the position of the columnar portion 21), The arrangement of the paddles Qn ′ is another spiral arrangement, and two spiral arrangements are obtained in the same manner as the rotating shaft 3. FIG. 6 (c) and FIG. 2 show a spiral arrangement paddle having two strips of the rotating shaft 4. FIG.

  As with n = 1 to 13, the paddle Pn ′ and the paddle Qn ′ have the same angular pitch as the rotational speed ratio of the rotary shafts 3 and 4 and the rotational speed ratio of the rotary shafts 3 and 4 in the same manner as the paddle Pn and paddle Qn. Are attached to the rotary shafts 3 and 4 in a reverse spiral shape with a reverse spiral pitch, so that when the rotary shafts 3 and 4 are rotated in the direction indicated by the arrows, the material to be kneaded becomes two pieces of paddles on each rotary shaft. As indicated by the arrows due to the screw effect due to the spiral arrangement, the sheet is conveyed at a same speed in the left direction in FIG.

  Next, operation | movement of the kneading apparatus comprised in this way is demonstrated.

  When the motor 18 is driven, the rotating shafts 3 and 4 rotate in reverse at an inconstant speed inside each other at a rotation speed ratio of N: N-1 (5: 4 in this embodiment) as described above.

  In this state, the material to be kneaded is charged from the charging port 1a. The charged material to be kneaded is conveyed toward the discharge port 1b by the screw effect by the two-row spiral arrangement of each paddle while being kneaded by each paddle rotating as the rotary shafts 3 and 4 rotate. At this time, in the space between the rotary shaft 3 and the rotary shaft 4, the paddles Pn and Pn ′ attached to the rotary shaft 3 and the paddles Qn and Qn ′ attached to the rotary shaft 4 Since they approach in a state of being almost parallel, the material to be kneaded adhering to the side surface of the columnar part is scraped off by the adjacent columnar part of the paddle at the axial position, and a high self-cleaning effect is obtained. In addition, the flat plate portions of the paddles adjacent to each other in the axial direction are always in a parallel positional relationship, but because the rotation is unequal, they move relatively in the rotation direction of the rotary shaft and adhere to the side surface of the flat plate portion. The material to be kneaded is also scraped off by the adjacent flat plate portion.

  This state is illustrated in FIGS. In FIG. 7, the rotation shaft 3 rotates 90 ° each time 1 is incremented as k = 0 to 23, and the rotation shaft 4 rotates 72 ° which is the same ratio as the rotation speed ratio 5: 4 of both rotation shafts. The total number of rotations of the rotary shafts 3 and 4 is shown below the rectangles each indicating the value of k. The phase of the paddle of k = 0 is the one when the paddle located at S1 and Q1 is viewed from the right side in FIGS. 2 and 6C, and the paddle of the rotating shaft 3 is P, P ′, the paddle of the rotating shaft 4 Is indicated by Q and Q ′. The shading of the paddle corresponds to that in FIGS. 2 and 6 (c). 7 and 8, the paddles Qn and Qn ′ are on the front side, so that part of the paddles Pn and Pn ′ cannot be seen originally, but the positional relationship between the columnar portions 21 is easy to understand. This part is also shown by a solid line.

  FIG. 8 shows a state in which the opposing paddles are close to each other, and shows a state in which the rotating shaft 4 is sequentially rotated in increments of 8 °. 7 shows the rotation state until reaching the state of k = 1 in FIG. 7, and the right side shows the rotation state until reaching the state of k = 13.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the rotating shafts 3 and 4 have the same phase as when they are rotated 5 times and 4 times (k = 20) and 0 times (k = 0), respectively. The phase between them is periodically repeated. Between k = 0 to 20, when k = 1, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 15, 17, the columnar portions 21 of the paddles whose axial positions are adjacent to each other are close to each other.

  As described above, the side surfaces of the paddles P, P ′, Q, and Q ′ whose axial positions are adjacent to each other approach each other eight times while setting k = 0 to 20 as one cycle. Due to the proximity of the adjacent paddles, a high self-cleaning effect can be obtained. Since each paddle is provided with a columnar portion, the area of adjacent paddles is larger than that of a flat paddle, so that the compression effect and the crushing effect can be further improved.

  Further, in this embodiment, each paddle Pn of the rotating shaft 3 is not the same as each paddle Qn of the rotating shaft 4 in the mounting positions Rn and Sn from the shaft end of the rotating shaft, and 1 / of the axial pitch 2d. Since it is shifted by 2, the distance between the rotating shafts 3 and 4 can be made shorter than when the mounting position is not shifted, and the tip of the kneading member of one rotating shaft can be brought closer to the outer peripheral surface of the other rotating shaft. Therefore, the self-cleaning effect of scraping off the kneaded material adhering to the outer peripheral surface of the counterpart rotating shaft can be further enhanced. The displacement of the attachment positions of the paddles Pn and Qn is not ½ of the axial pitch 2d, but can be other values. In this case, the distance between the paddle surfaces of the adjacent paddles Pn and Qn differs depending on whether n is an even number or an odd number. In either case, the adjacent paddles Pn and Qn are accompanied by the rotation of both rotating shafts. Therefore, the same compression effect, crushing effect, and self-cleaning effect can be obtained.

  Such compression effect, crushing effect, and self-cleaning effect are the same for all paddles arranged in S1 to S13 and R1 to R13, respectively, and each effect is drastically improved.

  In the above embodiment, the angle of attachment of the two paddles at the same axial position (the angle formed by the columnar portions of the two paddles provided at the same position) in the two spiral arrangements of the respective rotational axes is the rotational axis. 3 is 180 °, which is twice the angle pitch 90 °, and 144 °, which is twice the angle pitch 72 °, on the rotary shaft 4. N times (n is a positive integer of 1 or more). However, n (2 is a multiple of n = 4 for the rotation shaft 3 and n is a multiple of 5 for the rotation shaft 4) such that 2 is 1 is excluded. Further, n times n on the rotary shaft 3 and n times n on the rotary shaft 4 may be different values. In any case, it is preferable that the two paddles at the adjacent axial positions are attached to the opposite side as much as possible around the rotation axis, so that the rotation axis 3 is doubled as in the above embodiment. It is preferable that the angle is 180 °, and the rotation axis 4 is double 144 °, or triple 216 °. In addition, when the ratio of the angular pitch in the single spiral arrangement of the rotary shafts 3 and 4 is 45 ° and 36 °, which is the same ratio as the rotational speed ratio, for example, the rotary shaft 3 has a quadruple 180 °, In the rotating shaft 4, it is preferable to set it as 180 times of 5 times.

  Further, the paddles of the rotary shafts 3 and 4 may be arranged in a single spiral arrangement as shown in FIGS. In this case, the number of times the paddles approach is smaller than that of the two-row spiral arrangement, but as shown in k = 11, 13, and 15 in FIG. There is a period in which the columnar portions of adjacent paddles are close to each other, and the same effect can be obtained.

  In the above embodiment, the flat plate portion of the paddle is arranged so as to be orthogonal to the rotation axis. However, the paddle flat plate portion and the columnar portion of the paddle in the axial position adjacent thereto do not collide with each other. May be.

  9 (a) and 9 (b) are enlarged views of the vicinity of the paddle P4 in FIG. 6 (c), and FIG. 9 (c) is a cross-sectional view taken along line E-E 'in FIG. 9 (a). It can be seen that the positional relationship is such that the columnar portion of the paddle P4 attached to the rotating shaft 3 fits into the space between the two columnar portions of the paddles Q4 and Q5 'attached to the rotating shaft 4. The side surface 24a of the columnar portion of the paddle Q4 and the side surface 26a of the columnar portion of the paddle P4, and the side surface 23a of the columnar portion of the paddle P4 and the side surface 25a of the columnar portion of the paddle Q5 ′ are close to each other. In addition, the materials to be kneaded adhered to the side surfaces can be scraped off effectively, and the kneaded material can be compressed and crushed between the side surfaces.

  As described with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8, as the rotary shafts 3 and 4 rotate, there are periods in the same position as in FIG. High compression effect, crushing effect and self-cleaning effect can be obtained.

  Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the second embodiment, the shape of the kneading member of the first embodiment is changed, and the configuration of the housing and the drive mechanism and the arrangement of the kneading member are the same as those of the first embodiment. For this reason, only the parts different from the first embodiment will be described below.

  FIGS. 10A to 10E show the structure of the kneading member 41 used in the second embodiment. The kneading member 41 has a shape in which only the columnar portion is obtained by removing the flat plate portion 22 from the paddle 20 of the first embodiment. That is, the kneading member 41 is a quadrangular prism having a rhombus cross-sectional shape composed of four side surfaces 43, 44, 45, 46 that are substantially perpendicular to the surface of the rotating shaft, and a lower surface 47 and an upper surface 48 that are substantially orthogonal to these side surfaces. It has the shape of Similar to the first embodiment, it is integrated with the mounting plate 60 by welding or the like, but since there is no flat plate portion, the lower surface 47 is joined to the upper surface of the mounting plate 60. The paddles P1 to P13, P1 'to P13', Q1 to Q13, and Q1 'to Q13' all have the same shape.

  11A to 11C show how the kneading member 41 is attached to the rotating shaft. The axial arrangement of the kneading members P1 to P13, P1 'to P13', and Q1 to Q13 is the same as that shown in FIGS. The positions of the kneading members Q1 ′ to Q13 ′ in the rotational direction are different from those in FIGS. 6A to 6C in terms of the rotational direction (circumferential direction) when viewed from the position of the mounting plate. When attention is paid to the above, the arrangement is the same as that shown in FIGS. Therefore, when attention is paid to the position of the columnar portion, the arrangement as a whole is the same as that shown in FIGS. For this reason, as in the first embodiment, adjacent columnar portions approach each other in the space between the rotary shaft 3 and the rotary shaft 4, and a high compression effect is achieved between the side surfaces of the adjacent columnar portions as the two rotary shafts rotate. , Disintegration effect, self-cleaning effect.

  In both the first embodiment and the second embodiment, the shape of the columnar portion may be a shape other than the quadrangular prism shape having a rhombus cross section. FIG. 12 shows an example in which the kneading member has a pin shape consisting of only a cylindrical columnar part. The pin 50 is made of metal such as stainless steel like the paddle 20 and the like, and has a structure in which a screw is cut at one end and is screwed into a screw hole provided in the rotary shaft 3. The arrangement of the pins 50 is the same as that in FIGS. 6A to 6C, and the arrangement interval in the axial direction is slightly wider than the diameter of the pins 50.

  The shape of the columnar portion of the kneading member may be other shapes, for example, a prismatic shape other than the rhombus cross section. Further, the shape of the flat plate portion may be different from that shown in FIG.

  6 (a) to 6 (c) or 11 (a) to 11 (c), the axial position of the kneading member is shifted by ½ of the axial pitch between the two rotating shafts. As described above, can be changed within a range where adjacent kneading members do not contact.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Housing | casing 1a Input port 1b Outlet port 2 Frame 3, 4 Rotating shaft 3a, 4a Right end part 3b, 4b Left end part 5, 6, 7, 8 Bearing part 10, 11 Base 12 Gear box 13, 14 Gear 15, 17 Sprocket 16 Chain 18 Motor 20 Paddle 21 Columnar portion 22 Flat plate portion 23, 24, 25, 26 Side surface 27 Lower surface 28 Upper surface 29, 30 End surface 31 Lower surface 32, 33 Side surface 41 Kneading member 43, 44, 45, 46 Side surface 47 Lower surface 48 Upper surface 50 pin 60 Mounting base 61, 62 Bolt hole

Claims (4)

First and second rotating shafts that are arranged to face each other and rotate at unequal speed;
A kneading member attached to the first rotating shaft at an interval;
A kneading member attached to the second rotating shaft and shifted by a predetermined distance from the kneading member of the first rotating shaft,
Each kneading member of the first and second rotating shafts has a flat plate portion and a protruding portion protruding from the flat plate portion,
The first and second rotating shafts are rotated at non-uniform speed so that the protruding portion of the kneading member enters between two adjacent kneading members on the other side and is close to each flat plate portion of the kneading member. A kneading apparatus.   2. The kneading apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a position of the protruding portion of the kneading member of the first rotating shaft in the flat plate portion is different from a position of the protruding portion of the kneading member of the second rotating shaft in the flat plate portion. .   The kneading apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a flat plate portion of each kneading member of the first and second rotating shafts has a fan shape.   The kneading apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the flat plate portions of the kneading members of the first and second rotating shafts are parallel to each other.

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