JP2013010083A - Kneader - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a kneader with which kneading effect can be enhanced and sufficient self cleaning can be performed.SOLUTION: Rotary shafts 3, 4 where rods 3a, 4a as kneading members are provided to stand are rotated at inconstant speed. The rods 3a are provided to stand, shifted at a specific angle pitch 72°C in a periphery direction with shifting by a specific pitch in a lengthwise direction of the rotary shaft 3. The rods 4a are provided to stand, shifted at an angle pitch 120°C, the same ratio as rotation rate ratio of the rotary shafts 3, 4 with shifting by a specific pitch. In order that the rods 3a, 4a of rotary shafts 3, 4 come close to the outer periphery face of the other rotary shaft to perform self cleaning without colliding with each other with the rotation of the rotary shafts, the shaft cores of the both rotary shafts are arranged at a distance part, and the first and second rotary shafts are rotated at the rotation rate ratio of (N-k) to N, where k is an integer equal to or greater than 2 and N is an integer greater than N.

Description

  The present invention relates to a kneading apparatus, in particular, rotating two parallel rotating shafts each provided with a kneading member such as a rod and paddle or continuous screw blades on the outer peripheral surface to mix powder and granules with a chemical solution, etc. The present invention relates to a kneading apparatus for kneading.

  Conventionally, fly ash, incineration dust, dehydrated sludge, wheat flour and other powders or granules and chemicals that are discharged from a garbage incineration plant are kneaded and solidified into a granular or lump and discharged. . The kneading apparatus for the kneading is described in the following Patent Documents 1 and 2.

  In the configuration of these kneading apparatuses, two rotating shafts are installed parallel to each other along the length direction of the casing in the casing, and a kneading rod such as a rod is provided on the outer peripheral surface of one rotating shaft. The members are erected on the screw line with a pitch interval of a predetermined angle, and the same kneading member is erected on the reverse screw line with a predetermined angle pitch interval on the outer peripheral surface of the other rotating shaft. The first and second rotating shafts are rotated at an unequal speed ratio of (N-1) to N (for example, 4 to 5), where N is an integer, and the angular pitch of the kneading member is set to the same ratio as the rotation speed ratio. In addition, by setting the helical pitch in the direction of the rotation axis to a reverse ratio to the rotation ratio, the powder and fluid introduced from the inlet are sent to the outlet side by the same action force as the screw while being kneaded by the kneading member. By arranging the rotary shafts so that the kneading members of the first and second rotary shafts are close to the outer peripheral surfaces of the respective rotary shafts, the powder and particles attached to the rotary shaft or the kneading member are rotated each time. As the shaft rotates, it is automatically removed and self-cleaning is performed.

  In Patent Document 3 below, screw blades are formed in a continuous spiral shape along the axial direction, the winding direction is opposite to each other, and the ratio of the mutual helical pitch is N as an integer of 3 or more (N−1) Two rotating shafts provided so as to be in a pair N are installed in parallel, and are arranged so that the tips of the screw blades are in contact with the surface of the other shaft, and the two screw shafts are A configuration is described in which the kneaded material is conveyed in one direction by rotating in a reverse direction at a rotational speed ratio that is a reciprocal of the helical pitch ratio.

JP-A-11-104477 JP 2004-105840 A JP 2002-179235 A

  However, in the configuration of the kneading apparatus described in Patent Documents 1 to 3, since the rotation speed ratio of the rotating shaft rotating at a low speed with respect to the rotating shaft rotating at a high speed is large, kneading is not sufficient and the self-cleaning effect is not sufficient. There was a problem.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a kneading apparatus capable of solving the above problems, enhancing the kneading effect, and performing sufficient self-cleaning.

The present invention
A kneading device that conveys the rotating shaft in the axial direction while rotating the rotating shaft and kneading the object,
A first rotating shaft that is erected on the outer peripheral surface by sequentially shifting the kneading member on the screw wire by a predetermined angle;
A second extending in parallel with the first rotating shaft and reversely rotating at a different rotational speed from the first rotating shaft, and the kneading members are sequentially erected on the outer circumferential surface by shifting the kneading member on the reverse screw line by an angle different from the predetermined angle. A rotation axis, and
The ratio of the angle shifted between the first and second rotating shafts is the same as the rotational speed ratio of the first and second rotating shafts;
The first and second kneading members of the first and second rotating shafts do not collide with each other as the rotating shaft rotates, so that self-cleaning is performed close to the outer peripheral surface of the other rotating shaft. And the first and second rotation shafts at a rotation speed ratio of (N−k) to N, where k is an integer greater than or equal to 2 and N is an integer greater than k. It is made to rotate.

The present invention also provides:
A kneading device that conveys the rotating shaft in the axial direction while rotating the rotating shaft and kneading the object,
A first rotating shaft in which screw blades are continuously provided in a spiral shape at a predetermined helical pitch and are erected on the outer peripheral surface;
The outer peripheral surface extends in parallel with the first rotating shaft and reversely rotates at a different rotational speed from the first rotating shaft, and the screw blades are continuously spirally reversed at a helical pitch different from the helical pitch of the first rotating shaft. And a second rotating shaft erected on
The ratio of the helical pitch of the first and second rotating shafts is an inverse ratio to the rotational speed ratio of the first and second rotating shafts;
The first and second screw blades of the first and second rotating shafts do not collide with each other as the rotating shaft rotates, so that the self-cleaning is performed close to the outer peripheral surface of the other rotating shaft. And the first and second rotation shafts at a rotation speed ratio of (N−k) to N, where k is an integer greater than or equal to 2 and N is an integer greater than k. It is made to rotate.

  According to the configuration of the kneading apparatus according to the present invention, k is an integer of 2 or more, N is an integer larger than k, and the first and second rotating shafts are rotated at a rotation speed ratio of (N−k) to N. Therefore, one rotating shaft can be rotated at a higher speed than the other rotating shaft, and materials such as powders or granules can be sufficiently kneaded by each kneading member or screw blade provided upright on each rotating shaft. In addition, the self-cleaning effect of automatically scraping off the substances adhering to the rotating shaft, the kneading member, or the screw blade as the rotating shafts rotate can be remarkably improved.

It is a top view shown in the state where a part of the upper part of the case of the kneading apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention was removed. FIG. 2 is a side view when one rotating shaft in the casing of the kneading apparatus is viewed in the direction A in FIG. 1. It is arrow sectional drawing by the arrow B in FIG. It is explanatory drawing which showed the arrangement | sequence of the rod of two rotating shafts. It is explanatory drawing which showed the position of the rod in each rotation angle position of a rotating shaft when rotating two rotating shafts by 3 to 5 rotation speed ratio. It is explanatory drawing which showed the position of the rod in each rotation angle position of a rotating shaft when rotating two rotating shafts by 2 to 5 rotation speed ratio. It is explanatory drawing which showed the position of the rod in each rotation angle position of a rotating shaft when rotating two rotating shafts by 1 to 5 rotation speed ratio. It is a top view shown in the state where a part of the upper part of the case of the kneading apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention was removed. It is a side view when one rotating shaft in the housing | casing of the kneading apparatus is seen in the direction of A in FIG. It is arrow sectional drawing by the arrow B in FIG. It is explanatory drawing explaining the conditions for the rod of a rotating shaft not colliding. It is explanatory drawing which showed typically the figure seen from the edge part to the left end part while showing the rotational position of each screw blade when rotating two rotating shafts by the rotation speed ratio of 3 to 5. FIG. It is explanatory drawing which showed typically the figure seen from the edge part to the left end part while showing the rotational position of each screw blade when rotating two rotating shafts by 2 to 5 rotation speed ratio. It is explanatory drawing which showed typically the figure seen from the edge part to the left end part while showing the rotation position of each screw blade when rotating two rotating shafts by the rotation speed ratio of 1: 5.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Here, an embodiment in a kneading apparatus for kneading powder or granules and liquid such as fly ash discharged in a garbage incinerator will be shown. Of course, the configuration of the kneading apparatus according to the present invention can also be applied to a kneading apparatus for kneading powders or granules other than fly ash or the like, or kneading by mixing a liquid therewith.

  1 to 3 illustrate the structure of the kneading apparatus of the embodiment. FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a state where a part of the upper side of the casing of the kneading apparatus is removed, and FIG. 2 is a direction A in FIG. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the arrow B in FIG. 1.

  1 to 3, a housing 2 is provided on a base frame 1 of a kneading apparatus. The casing 2 is formed in an elongated rectangular parallelepiped shape here, and is installed with its length direction being horizontal. On the upper side of one end of the casing in the length direction (right end in FIGS. 1 and 2), fly ash from an unshown hopper, activated carbon powder for dioxin adsorption, and slaked lime or solidified for sulfuric acid neutralization An input port 2a for supplying powder (or granules) such as cement for use into the housing 2 is provided. Under the other end (left end), a fly ash kneaded product obtained by kneading the powder, a mixture of a chemical solution sprayed from a nozzle (not shown) and water for dilution is provided from the housing 2. A discharge port 2b for discharging onto a conveyor (not shown) is provided. The squeezing plate 10 is for separating the charging space into which the powder is charged and the kneading space in which the powder and the mixed liquid are kneaded as fly ash kneaded material.

  In the housing 2, a rotating shaft 3 (first rotating shaft) and a rotating shaft 4 (second rotating shaft) are installed in parallel with each other along the length direction. The left small diameter portions 3b and 4b of the rotary shafts 3 and 4 are rotatably supported by bearings 5 and 6 fixed to the outside of the left end portion of the housing 2 in FIG. It is rotatably supported by two bearings 7 and 8 fixed to the outside of the gear case 9 provided on the top. The diameters d (FIG. 3) of the opposing portions of the rotating shafts 3 and 4 are the same, and the rotating shafts 3 and 4 are directed inwardly in opposite directions at a non-uniform speed, for example, at a rotation ratio of 3 to 5. Is rotated.

  A plurality of cylindrical rods 3a and 4a serving as kneading members are equidistant from each other along the axial direction (length direction) of the rotary shafts 3 and 4 in the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral surfaces of the rotary shafts 3 and 4, respectively. The circle is vertically erected on the screw line with a predetermined angle that divides the circle equally. Each of the rods 3a and 4a has the same shape and the same size, and rotates with the rod 3a at the n-th (n = 1, 2,...) From the shaft end (left end in FIG. 1) of the rotation shaft 3. The same n-th rod 4a from the shaft end of the shaft 4 has the same axial distance from the shaft end. The distance between the shafts of the rotary shafts 3 and 4 is such that when the rotary shafts 3 and 4 rotate, the rods 3a and 4a do not collide with each other, and the outer peripheral surfaces of the rotary shafts 4 and 3 that the rods 3a and 4a face each other. It is set to a distance D that is close enough not to touch.

  In order to prevent the rods 3a and 4a from colliding with each other when the rotary shafts 3 and 4 are rotated, the ratio of the angular pitches (angular intervals) of the rods 3a and 4a in the circumferential direction of the rotary shafts 3 and 4 is as follows. It is set to the same ratio as the rotation speed ratio of the rotary shafts 3 and 4. For example, when the rotating shafts 3 and 4 are rotated at a ratio of 3 to 5, the angular pitches of the rotating shafts 3 and 4 at the rods 3a and 4a are set to 72 degrees and 120 degrees, respectively.

  The rods 3a of the rotary shaft 3 are arranged at an equal distance p in the length direction of the rotary shaft 3 and at an angle of 72 degrees in the circumferential direction of the rotary shaft, so that each rod 3a is arranged on the screw line. It will be. At this time, since the fifth rod 3a is at the same angular position as the first rod 3a when viewed in the axial direction of the rotation axis, the helical pitch is L (= 5p).

  On the other hand, the rods 4a of the rotating shaft 4 are arranged at an equal distance p in the length direction of the rotating shaft and offset from each other by 120 degrees in the opposite circumferential direction to the rod 3a. The screw line 3 is arranged on the reverse screw line. At this time, the third rod 4a is at the same angular position as the first rod 4a when viewed in the axial direction of the rotating shaft. Therefore, if the helical pitch of the rod 4a is 3p and the helical pitch of the rotating shaft 3 is L (= 5p), the helical pitch of the rotating shaft 4 is 0.6L (= 3p). The ratio of the pitch of the helix drawn by the rod arrangement is opposite to the rotation speed ratio of 3 to 5.

  Gears 11 and 12 are fixed to the portions inserted into the gear box 9 at the right ends of the rotary shafts 3 and 4 in FIG. 1 and mesh with each other. The gear ratio of the gears 11 and 12, that is, the ratio of the number of teeth is 5: 3 when the rotation axis is rotated at a ratio of 3 to 5 with an inverse ratio to the ratio of the angle pitch of the rods 3 a and 4 a. ing.

  The right end of the rotating shaft 4 in FIG. 1 protrudes outward from the bearing 8, and the sprocket 13 is fixed to the right end. On the other hand, the frame 1 protrudes downward at the right end of the housing 2 in FIG. 1, and a motor 14 is disposed on the protruding portion. A cyclo reducer 15 is connected to the rotating shaft of the motor 14, and a sprocket 16 is fixed to the output shaft. A chain 17 is stretched between the sprocket 16 and the sprocket 13.

  The rotational driving force in one direction of the motor 14 is transmitted to the rotating shaft 4 through the cyclo reducer 15, the sprocket 16, the chain 17 and the sprocket 13, and the rotating shaft 4 rotates in one direction. 12 and 11 are transmitted to the rotary shaft 3 and the rotary shaft 3 rotates in the reverse direction. The rotation directions of the rotating shafts 3 and 4 are indicated by arrows in FIGS.

  In the kneading apparatus having such a configuration, at the time of kneading, the rotating shafts 3 and 4 are rotated in opposite directions as shown by arrows in FIGS. The rods 3a and 4a rotate in opposite directions. Then, the powder is introduced into the input space in the housing 2 from the input port 2a.

  The rotational speed ratio of the rotary shafts 3 and 4 is 3 to 5, the rod 3a of the rotary shaft 3 is shifted by an equal distance p in the axial direction of the rotary shaft and an angle of 72 degrees in the circumferential direction, and the rod 4a of the rotary shaft 4 4 is a diagram of the rotary shafts 3 and 4 when they are arranged at an equal distance p and an angle of 120 degrees, and FIG. 5 shows the state when the rotary shaft 3 rotates once with a resolution of 36 degrees. Is shown in FIG. As is clear from FIG. 5, every time the rotation shaft 3 rotates 36 degrees, the rotation shaft 4 rotates 60 degrees, and when the rotation shaft 3 makes one rotation (360 degrees), the rotation shaft 4 rotates 5/3 (600). Degrees).

  FIG. 4A corresponds to a view when only the rotary shafts 3 and 4 and the rods 3a and 4a are taken out in FIG. In addition, the rods indicated by the halftone dots in FIG. 5 are the rods of interest, and the rods indicated by the alternate long and short dash lines are the rods behind the rod of interest and shifted by 72 degrees and 120 degrees, respectively. There are illustrated helical pitches of 0.6L (3p) and L (5p) respectively (5 and 3 rods).

  Since the angular deviations 72 degrees and 120 degrees of the rods 3a and 4a in the circumferential direction of the rotary shafts 3 and 4 are set to the same ratio as the rotational speed ratio 3 to 5 of the rotary shafts 3 and 4, Even if 4 rotates at unequal speed, the rods 3a and 4a are periodically close to the outer peripheral surface of the counterpart rotating shaft without being out of phase. In the example of FIG. 5, the rod 3a of the rotating shaft 3 approaches the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 4 by rotating the rotating shaft 3 by 36 degrees, and thereafter the state is repeated every time the rotating shaft 3 rotates 360 degrees. . On the other hand, the rod 4a of the rotating shaft 4 approaches the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 3 by rotation of the rotating shaft 3 by 0 degree and 216 degrees, respectively, and thereafter the state is repeated every time the rotating shaft 3 rotates 360 degrees. .

  The same can be said for the rods of the rotating shafts 3 and 4 indicated by the alternate long and short dash lines behind the half-dotted rods by 72 degrees and 120 degrees.

  The distance D between the axes of the rotary shafts 3 and 4 is such that the rods 3a and 4a do not collide with each other when the rotary shafts 3 and 4 rotate, and the rotary shafts 4 and 3 that the rods 3a and 4a face each other. Since the distance D is set so as not to contact the outer peripheral surface, the powder adhering to the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft is scraped off each time the rods 3a and 4a come closer to the outer peripheral surface of the counterpart rotating shaft. Each time the rods 3a and 4a come close to each other, the powder adhering to the rods is scraped off, and the rotating shaft and the rods are self-cleaned. Thus, the powder is sufficiently kneaded by the rods 3a and 4a of the rotary shafts 3 and 4 by the rotation of the rotary shafts 3 and 4, and at the same time, the self-cleaning of the rotary shaft and the rods is performed.

  In addition, the arrangement of the rod 3a of the rotating shaft 3 is a helical shape with a helical pitch L (= 5p), and the arrangement of the rod 4a of the rotating shaft 4 is a reverse helical shape with a helical pitch of 0.6L (= 3p). The body is conveyed in the same direction along the length of the rotating shaft as the rotating shafts 3 and 4 are rotated (reversely rotated) by the screw effect due to the helical arrangement of the rods 3a and 4a of the rotating shafts 3 and 4. Since the helical pitch of the rods 3a and 4a of the rotary shafts 3 and 4 is the inverse ratio of the rotation speed ratio of the rotary shafts 3 and 4, respectively, the conveyance speed by the rod 3a of the rotary shaft 3 and the rod of the rotary shaft 4 The conveying speed by 4a becomes the same, and the powder is conveyed in the direction indicated by the arrow in FIGS. 1 and 2 while being kneaded by the rods 3a and 4a, and discharged from the discharge port 2b.

  Since the rotational speed ratio of the rotary shafts 3 and 4 is set to 3 to 5, the relative angular velocity of the tips of the rods 3a and 4a of the rotary shafts 3 and 4 is set to 4 to 5 as in the prior art, for example. The self-cleaning effect is increased.

  An example in which the rod 3a having the rotational speed 3 is set to the same angular deviation (angular pitch) 72 degrees and the rotational speed ratio of the rotary shafts 3 and 4 is set to 2 to 5 is shown in FIGS. FIGS. 4C and 7 show examples when the rotational speed ratio of the rotary shafts 3 and 4 is set to 1: 5. When the rotation speed ratio is set to 2: 5, 1: 5, the angular deviation (angular pitch) of the rod 4a of the rotating shaft 4 is 180 degrees and 360 degrees, respectively.

  When the rotational speed ratio is 2 to 5, as is apparent from FIG. 6, every time the rotation shaft 3 rotates 36 degrees, the rotation shaft 4 rotates 90 degrees and the rotation shaft 3 makes one rotation (360 degrees). Then, the rotating shaft 4 rotates 5/2 (900 degrees). The rod 3a of the rotating shaft 3 comes close to the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 4 by the rotation of the rotating shaft 3 by 36 degrees, and the state is repeated every time the rotating shaft 3 rotates 360 degrees from that state. On the other hand, the rod 4a of the rotating shaft 4 approaches the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 3 by rotation of the rotating shaft 3 by 0 degrees, 144 degrees, and 288 degrees, and thereafter, every time the rotating shaft 3 rotates 360 degrees from that state. Repeat state.

  When the rotation speed ratio is 1: 5, as is apparent from FIG. 7, every time the rotation shaft 3 rotates 36 degrees, the rotation shaft 4 rotates 180 degrees, and the rotation shaft 3 rotates once (360 degrees). Then, the rotating shaft 4 rotates 5/1 (1800 degrees). The rod 3a of the rotating shaft 3 comes close to the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 4 by the rotation of the rotating shaft 3 by 36 degrees, and the state is repeated every time the rotating shaft 3 rotates 360 degrees from that state. On the other hand, the rod 4a of the rotating shaft 4 approaches the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 3 by rotation of the rotating shaft 3 by 0 degrees, 72 degrees, 144 degrees, 216 degrees, and 288 degrees, respectively. The state repeats every time it rotates.

  As is clear from the above example, the smaller the rotation speed ratio between the rotating shafts 3 and 4, the more the rod 4a of the rotating shaft 4 that rotates at a higher speed approaches the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 3 that rotates at a lower speed by changing the angle many times. In addition, the self-cleaning effect of the powder adhering to the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 3 becomes remarkable. The frequency at which the rod 3a of the rotating shaft 3 rotating at a low speed approaches the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 4 rotating at a high speed is relatively small, but the relative angular velocity between the rod 3a and the rotating shaft 4 is large, so that the rod 3a is attached to the rotating shaft 4. The self-cleaning effect of the powder is also increased. Further, the smaller the rotation speed ratio, the greater the relative angular velocity of the tips of the rods 3a, 4a with respect to the counterpart rotation shaft, and the rods 3a, 4a collide with the powder more violently. Is significantly improved.

  As shown in FIG. 7, when the angular deviation of the rod 4a of the rotating shaft 4 rotating at a high speed is 360 degrees, the arrangement locus of the rod 4a on the rotating shaft 4 does not have a spiral shape, so that the stirring effect is simply obtained. However, when the angular deviation is 180 degrees, the screw effect by the rod 4a is small. However, at any angle of 180 degrees or 360 degrees, the rod 4 a changes its angle to the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 3 many times, and the self-cleaning effect of the powder adhering to the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 3 is remarkable. Thus, the relative angular velocity of the tips of the rods 3a and 4a with respect to the mating rotating shaft is increased, so that the kneading effect and the self-cleaning effect are remarkably improved.

  In the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 3 described above, the rotational speed ratio of the rotary shafts 3 and 4 is 3 to 5, and the angle pitch of the rods 3a and 4a is 72 degrees and 120 degrees. As shown in FIG. 10, the rotation speed ratios of the rotation speeds 3 and 4 are the same, the division angle is doubled, and the rod 3a has an equal distance p in the axial direction of the rotation shaft 3 and an angle of 36 degrees in the circumferential direction. The rods 4a may be arranged so as to be shifted from each other, and the rods 4a may be arranged so as to be shifted from each other by an equal distance p in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 4 and an angle of 60 degrees in the opposite direction in the circumferential direction.

  Further, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and k is an integer of 2 or more, N is an integer larger than k, and the rotation shafts 3 and 4 are rotated at a rotation ratio of (N−k) to N. The same effect can be obtained also.

  In the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, 4 (a), 5, and 8 to 10, N = 5 and k = 2 are set, which are shown in FIGS. 4 (b) and 6. In the example shown, N = 5 and k = 3, and in the examples shown in FIGS. 4C and 7, N = 5 and k = 4 are set.

  In addition, for example, if N = 6, k = 2, 3, 4, or 5 is set, the rotational speed ratio of the rotating shafts 3 and 4 is 2 to 3, 1 to 2, 1 to 4, 1 pair. 6 so that one rotating shaft can be rotated significantly faster than the other rotating shaft.

  Conventionally, since the rotation speed ratio of the two rotation shafts is set to (N-1) to N, where N is an integer equal to or greater than 2, the rotation speed ratio of the rotation shaft rotating at high speed to the rotation shaft rotating at low speed is The rotation speed ratio is smaller than that of the present invention, and the stirring and self-cleaning effects are less than those of the present invention.

  On the other hand, in the present invention, one rotating shaft can be rotated at a higher speed than the other rotating shaft, so that the two-to-five or one-to-five as shown in FIGS. A configuration in which one rotating shaft rotates at a significantly higher speed than the other rotating shaft can be obtained, and the kneading effect and the self-cleaning effect can be significantly improved.

  In this embodiment, the rods 3a and 4a of the rotary shafts 3 and 4 have the same ratio of the angles shifted in the circumferential direction as the rotational speed ratio of the rotary shafts 3 and 4. As long as the rods 3a and 4a at the same position in the length direction from the shaft end do not collide with each other as shown in FIGS. 3a and 4a do not collide either.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 5 to 7, the one rotation shaft rotates so that self-cleaning is performed in the vicinity of the outer peripheral surface of the other rotation shaft without colliding with each other as the rotation shaft rotates. The shaft centers of the shafts 3 and 4 are spaced apart. However, if the distance between the axes of the rotary shafts 3 and 4 is too close, the rods 3a and 4a of the rotary shafts 3 and 4 may collide as the rotational speed of the rotary shaft 3 decreases with respect to the rotational speed of the rotary shaft 4. Becomes higher.

  FIG. 11 shows the rotation speed ratio of the rotary shafts 3 and 4 as (N−k) to N, the distance between the axes of the rotary shafts 3 and 4 as S, the tip rotation radii of the rods 3a and 4a as r1 and r2, and the rod width. It is a figure which verifies the interference of a rod when (it is a circular diameter if a rod is made into a cylindrical shape) is set to W1 and W2. When the rotation axis 4 is rotated from the reference position by an angle θa, an approach distance H between the point P of the rod 4a and the rod 3a is obtained, and when the approach distance H is 0 or less or the approach angle θb is 0 or less, the rod 3a and 4a interfere (collision).

  The smaller the rotation speed ratio (Nk) to N of the rotating shafts 3 and 4, that is, the higher the rotating shaft 4 rotates at a higher speed, the greater the possibility that the rods 3a and 4a interfere with each other.

  Therefore, the distance between the axes of the first and second rotating shafts is changed in accordance with the value of (N−k) vs. N, and the smaller the value of (N−k) vs. N, that is, one of the rotating shafts. As the rotation speed rotates faster than the other rotation speed, the distance S between the axes of the two rotation shafts is increased to prevent the rods 3a and 4a from colliding with each other.

The rod width W1 and / or W2 may be reduced instead of increasing the distance S between the axes of the rotation shafts or increasing the distance.
Further, the ratio of the diameters of the first and second rotating shafts may be changed according to the value of the rotation speed ratio (N−k) to N of the first and second rotating shafts. For example, as the value of (N−k) vs. N decreases, that is, as the rotation speed of one rotation shaft rotates faster than the other rotation speed, the diameter of the rotation shaft that rotates at a higher speed is reduced.
Further, the ratio of the height of the first and second rotating shafts from the outer peripheral surface of the kneading member is changed according to the value of the rotation speed ratio (N−k) to N of the first and second rotating shafts. It may be. For example, the higher the rotational speed of one rotary shaft is compared to the other rotational speed, the smaller the height from the outer peripheral surface of the kneading member of the rotary shaft that rotates at a higher speed.

  In the kneading apparatus according to the embodiment described above, the rotating shafts 3 and 4 are not rotated inward from each other as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 or 8 to 10, but are rotated outward. In this case, the rods 3a and 4a of the rotating shafts 3 and 4 are arranged in a reverse spiral shape as shown in the drawing so that the conveying direction is the same.

  In the kneading apparatus of each embodiment, instead of the rods 3a and 4a, a substantially flat paddle is erected on the outer peripheral surface of the rotary shafts 3 and 4 so as to be arranged in a spiral shape in the same arrangement as the rods 3a and 4a. May be. By arranging the paddles in the same manner as the rods 3a and 4a, the paddles act in the same manner as the rods 3a and 4a, and the self-cleaning can be performed in the same manner.

  12 to 14 show an embodiment in which kneading is performed by providing continuous screw blades on the first and second rotating shafts, instead of discontinuous kneading members as in the first embodiment.

  In FIG. 12, a casing 52 is provided on the base frame 50 of the kneading apparatus, and an input port 52 a for supplying powder (or granules) into the casing 52 is provided above the right end portion. A discharge port 52b for discharging the kneaded product onto a conveyor (not shown) is provided below the other end (left end).

  In the housing 52, the rotary shaft 30 (first rotary shaft) and the rotary shaft 40 (second rotary shaft) are separated in the vertical direction along the length direction (axial direction) and installed in parallel with each other. Is done. The rotary shaft 30 is rotatably supported by bearings 31 and 32, and the rotary shaft 40 is rotatably supported by bearings 41 and 42. The diameter of the rotating shaft 30 is larger than the diameter of the rotating shaft 40, and the rotating shafts 30 and 40 are rotated in the reverse direction in the direction indicated by the arrows at an inconstant speed, for example, at a rotation speed ratio of 3 to 5.

  A screw blade 30a having a predetermined spiral pitch is continuously provided in a spiral manner on the outer peripheral surface of the rotary shaft 30, and a screw having a spiral pitch different from the spiral pitch of the screw blade 30a is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the rotary shaft 40. The blades 40a are erected continuously in a reverse spiral shape. The ratio of the helical pitch of the screw blades 30a and 40a is opposite to the ratio of the rotational speeds of the rotary shafts 30 and 40. When the helical pitch of the screw blades 30a is P, the helical pitch of the screw blades 40a is 3 / 5 = 0.6P.

  The distance between the shaft centers of the rotary shafts 30 and 40 is set to such a distance that the screw blades 30a and 40a are not in contact with the outer peripheral surfaces of the rotary shafts 40 and 30 facing each other when the rotary shafts 30 and 40 are rotated. The

  The rotary shafts 30 and 40 are meshed with a gear (not shown) in the gear box 53 at the right end of FIG. 12, and the meshing of the gears causes the rotary shafts 30 and 40 to rotate at a rotation ratio of 3 to 5. The

  The right end of the rotary shaft 30 in FIG. 12 protrudes outward from the bearing 32 and is coupled to a speed reducer 55 that reduces the rotational speed of the motor 54.

  In such a configuration, the motor 54 drives the rotary shafts 30 and 40 in opposite directions as indicated by arrows in FIG. 12, and the screw blades 30a and 40a rotate in opposite directions along with the rotation. Rotate to. And powder is thrown in in the housing | casing 52 from the insertion port 52a.

  Since the rotation speed ratio of the rotary shafts 30 and 40 is 3 to 5, and the ratio of the helical pitch of the screw blades 30a and 40a is 5: 3 which is the inverse ratio of the rotation speed ratio, the rods 3a and 4a of the first embodiment are The screw blades 30a and 40a also periodically approach the outer peripheral surface of the counterpart rotating shaft without colliding with each other so that they do not collide with each other. As the rotary shafts 30 and 40 rotate, the tip portions of the screw blades 30 a and 40 a that are close to the outer peripheral surfaces of the counterpart rotary shafts 40 and 30 move along the axial direction of the rotary shafts 30 and 40. Thereby, the kneaded material adhering to the outer peripheral surfaces of the rotary shafts 30 and 40 is scraped off, and self-cleaning is performed.

  Further, since the screw blades 30a and 40a have different spiral pitches, a plurality of locations Q where the side surfaces of the screw blades 30a and 40a approach very close to each other. It is dropped. Since the portion where the screw blades are close to each other moves as the rotary shafts 30 and 40 rotate, the kneaded material is scraped off by sliding over the entire screw blades 30a and 40a.

  Since the ratio of the helical pitch of the screw blades 30a and 40a is the inverse of the rotational speed ratio of the rotary shafts 30 and 40, respectively, the conveyance speed of the kneaded material by the screw blades 30a and the conveyance speed by the screw blades 40a are the same. Thus, the powder is conveyed in the direction indicated by the arrow in FIG. 12 while being kneaded by the screw blades 30a and 40a, and discharged from the discharge port 52b.

  Since the rotation speed ratio of the rotary shafts 30 and 40 is set to 3 to 5, the relative angular velocity at the tip of the screw blades 30a and 40a is, for example, compared with the conventional case where it is set to 4 to 5. Increase the self-cleaning effect.

  13 and 14, the diameter and the helical pitch of the screw blade 30a of the rotating shaft 30 are the same as those in FIG. 12, and the rotating shafts 30 and 40 are rotated at a rotation ratio of 2 to 5 and 1 to 5. Examples have been described.

  When the rotational speed ratio is 2 to 5, as is apparent from FIG. 13, the diameter of the rotating shaft 40 is made smaller than the diameter in the case of the rotational speed ratio of 3 to 5, and the helical pitch of the screw blades 40a is The rotational speed ratio is set to 0.4P which is the inverse ratio of the rotational speed ratio to the helical pitch P of the screw blade 30a. Moreover, the height from the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 40 of the screw blade | wing 40a is made lower than the case of 3 to 5 rotation speed ratio.

  When the rotational speed ratio is set to 1: 5, as is apparent from FIG. 14, the diameter of the rotating shaft 40 is made smaller than the diameter in the case of the rotational speed ratio of 2 to 5, and the helical pitch of the screw blades 40a is The rotational speed ratio is set to 0.2P, which is the inverse of the rotational speed ratio, with respect to the helical pitch P of the screw blade 30a. Moreover, the height from the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 40 of the screw blade | wing 40a is made lower than the case of 2 to 5 rotation speed ratio.

  The smaller the rotation speed ratio between the rotary shafts 30 and 40, the more the screw blades 40a having a small helical pitch rotating at high speeds enter and rotate between the blades of the screw blades 30a rotating at a low speed. The self-cleaning effect of the powder becomes remarkable. In addition, the smaller the rotation speed ratio, the greater the relative angular velocity of the tip of each screw blade 30a, 40a with respect to the other rotating shaft, and each screw blade 30a, 40a more intensely collides with the powder. The cleaning effect is remarkably improved.

  Furthermore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and k is an integer greater than or equal to 2, N is an integer greater than k, and the rotation shafts 30 and 40 are rotated at a rotation speed ratio of (Nk) to N. The same effect can be obtained also.

  FIG. 12 shows an embodiment when N = 5 and k = 2, FIG. 13 shows an implementation when N = 5 and k = 3, and FIG. 14 shows an implementation when N = 5 and k = 4. An example is shown.

  In addition, for example, if N = 6, k = 2, 3, 4, or 5 is set, the rotational speed ratio of the rotary shafts 30 and 40 is 2 to 3, 1 to 2, 1 to 4, 1 pair. 6, one of the rotating shafts can be rotated significantly faster than the other rotating shaft, and the self-cleaning effect can be remarkably improved as in the first embodiment.

  As the rotating shaft 40 is rotated at a higher speed, the helical pitch of the screw blades 40 of the rotating shaft 40 becomes finer and may interfere (collision) with the screw blades 30a of the rotating shaft 30 rotating at a low speed. -K) The diameter of the rotating shaft that rotates at high speed is reduced according to the value of N, and the height of the screw blade from the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft is reduced. For example, as shown in FIGS. 12 to 14, as the rotating shaft 40 rotates at a higher speed with respect to the rotating shaft 30, the diameter of the rotating shaft 40 is decreased and the height of the screw blade 40 a is decreased.

  Similarly to the first embodiment, the distance between the shaft centers of the first and second rotating shafts is changed in accordance with the value of the rotation speed ratio (N−k) to N of the first and second rotating shafts. It may be.

  In the second embodiment, the two rotating shafts are juxtaposed in the vertical direction, but they can be juxtaposed in the horizontal direction as in the first embodiment. Similarly, the two rotary shafts 3 and 4 of the first embodiment can be juxtaposed in the vertical direction as in the second embodiment.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Frame 2 Case 2a Input port 2b Discharge port 3, 4 Rotating shaft 3a, 4a Rod 5-8 Bearing 11, 12 Gear 14 Motor 50 Frame 52 Case 52a Input port 52b Discharge port 30, 40 Rotating shaft 30a, 40a Screw Blade 54 Motor

Claims (9)

A kneading device that conveys the rotating shaft in the axial direction while rotating the rotating shaft and kneading the object,
A first rotating shaft that is erected on the outer peripheral surface by sequentially shifting the kneading member on the screw wire by a predetermined angle;
A second extending in parallel with the first rotating shaft and reversely rotating at a different rotational speed from the first rotating shaft, and the kneading members are sequentially erected on the outer circumferential surface by shifting the kneading member on the reverse screw line by an angle different from the predetermined angle. A rotation axis, and
The ratio of the angle shifted between the first and second rotating shafts is the same as the rotational speed ratio of the first and second rotating shafts;
The first and second kneading members of the first and second rotating shafts do not collide with each other as the rotating shaft rotates, so that self-cleaning is performed close to the outer peripheral surface of the other rotating shaft. And the first and second rotation shafts at a rotation speed ratio of (N−k) to N, where k is an integer greater than or equal to 2 and N is an integer greater than k. A kneading apparatus that is rotated. A kneading device that conveys the rotating shaft in the axial direction while rotating the rotating shaft and kneading the object,
A first rotating shaft in which screw blades are continuously provided in a spiral shape at a predetermined helical pitch and are erected on the outer peripheral surface;
The outer peripheral surface extends in parallel with the first rotating shaft and reversely rotates at a different rotational speed from the first rotating shaft, and the screw blades are continuously spirally reversed at a helical pitch different from the helical pitch of the first rotating shaft. And a second rotating shaft erected on
The ratio of the helical pitch of the first and second rotating shafts is an inverse ratio to the rotational speed ratio of the first and second rotating shafts;
The first and second screw blades of the first and second rotating shafts do not collide with each other as the rotating shaft rotates, so that the self-cleaning is performed close to the outer peripheral surface of the other rotating shaft. And the first and second rotation shafts at a rotation speed ratio of (N−k) to N, where k is an integer greater than or equal to 2 and N is an integer greater than k. A kneading apparatus that is rotated.   3. The distance between the axial centers of the first and second rotating shafts is changed in accordance with the value of the rotational speed ratio (Nk) to N of the first and second rotating shafts. The kneading apparatus described in 1.   The ratio of the diameters of the first and second rotating shafts is changed in accordance with the value of the rotation speed ratio (Nk) to N of the first and second rotating shafts. The kneading apparatus described.   The ratio of the height from the outer peripheral surface of the kneading member of the first and second rotating shafts is changed in accordance with the value of the rotational speed ratio (N−k) to N of the first and second rotating shafts. The kneading apparatus according to claim 1.   The ratio of the height of the first and second rotating shafts from the outer peripheral surface of the screw blades is changed in accordance with the value of the rotational speed ratio (Nk) to N of the first and second rotating shafts. The kneading apparatus according to claim 2.   The kneading apparatus according to claim 1, 3, 4, or 5, wherein the values of N and k are selected so that the angular interval on the second rotation axis is 180 degrees or 360 degrees.   The kneading apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the first and second rotating shafts are juxtaposed in the horizontal direction.   The kneading apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the first and second rotating shafts are juxtaposed in the vertical direction.

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