JP5433184B2 - Solid matter crusher - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a solid part pulverizer, and more particularly to a solid pulverizer that pulverizes and discharges a lump of plate-like solids after being dehydrated by solid-liquid separation.

  There is a demand for a solid material crusher in which a lump of solid material having a diameter of, for example, several centimeters to several tens of centimeters is sequentially added, and pulverized into particles having a diameter of a certain value or less, for example, about 5 mm or less. As the configuration of the pulverization mechanism of the solid material pulverizer, it is conceivable to use the configuration of the kneading mechanism of the kneading device previously proposed by the present applicant (see Patent Documents 1 and 2). The kneading apparatus stirs and kneads a mixture of a powdery substance and a liquid. The kneading mechanism has two rotating shafts installed in parallel with each other, and a plurality of kneading members (projecting members) such as rods and paddles are provided on the outer peripheral surface of each rotating shaft. . Then, by rotating the two rotating shafts in opposite directions, the respective kneading members stir the mixture of the powdery substance and the liquid and knead them while conveying them in the axial direction of the rotating shaft. At that time, the kneading members of the two rotating shafts can also be configured to perform so-called self-cleaning in which the outer peripheral surface of the mating rotating shaft and the kneaded material adhering to the kneading member are scraped off.

If such a kneading mechanism configuration is used in the crushing mechanism of a solid material crusher, a plurality of kneading members of two rotating shafts continuously apply a force repeatedly to the solid mass to form the mass. It can be pulverized into granules. Further, even when the solid matter contains moisture and has strong adhesion, it is considered that the above self-cleaning can be performed without any trouble.
JP-A-10-277376 JP 2006-239554 A

  As described above, if the configuration of the kneading mechanism of the kneading apparatus is utilized, it is possible to pulverize the solid mass into particles. However, if the structure is used as it is, it is impossible to take out and discharge only the granular material having a diameter of a certain value or less from the pulverized material while pulverizing the lump of solid material. In other words, it is impossible to make the whole of the discharge uniformly into a granule having a diameter equal to or less than a certain value. And a part of the discharged product becomes a particle or a lump whose diameter is larger than the certain diameter, and the other part becomes a powder form because the diameter becomes too small, and when it contains moisture, it becomes a kneaded product, That happens.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a solid material crusher that can efficiently perform an operation of taking out and discharging only a granular material having a certain diameter or less while pulverizing a lump of solid material that has been charged. It is to provide.

In order to solve the above problems, the solid material grinder according to the present invention
A solid material crusher that pulverizes a lump of solid material that has been charged into particles and discharges it,
A plurality of horizontally extending rotating shafts each having a plurality of protruding members standing on the outer peripheral surface;
A sieve comprising a plurality of bars provided in a direction in which the rotation shaft extends below the plurality of rotation shafts;
A rod support plate provided with slits for inserting the plurality of rods and supporting both ends thereof;
A bar interval regulating plate that is detachably fixed on the back side of the bar support plate and provided with grooves for positioning the plurality of bars at equal intervals ;
The plurality of bars of the sieve are arranged at a predetermined distance from each other so that a gap is formed between the bars,
By exchanging the rod interval regulating plate with a different groove interval, the interval separating the plurality of rods can be set variably,
A lump of solid material is pulverized by the plurality of projecting members that are rotated by rotation of the plurality of rotating shafts, and the pulverized pulverized material is screened through gaps between the plurality of rods.

  According to the solid matter pulverizer of the present invention, the solid matter put into the housing is pulverized into a granular shape by the plurality of projecting members of the plurality of rotating shafts that rotate, and from the pulverized matter through the sieve. It is possible to take out only granular objects having a diameter equal to or less than a certain value and discharge them out of the casing. And by the structure which can be implement | achieved simply and cheaply, the operation | movement which takes out and discharge | emits only the granular thing with a diameter below a fixed diameter can be efficiently performed, grind | pulverizing the lump of the input solid substance into a granular form.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  1 to 9 illustrate the configuration of a solid material pulverizer (hereinafter, also simply referred to as a pulverizer) according to an embodiment. 1-4, 1a is a lower frame, 1b is an upper frame, 1c, 1d, and 1e are frame stands. These are assembled to form a frame as a support member. On the frame, constituent members other than the frame such as a pulverizing mechanism of the pulverizer are assembled and supported. An external belt conveyor (not shown) is disposed between the lower frame 1a and the upper frame 1b or below the lower frame 1a.

  Bearing stands 2 and 3 are fixed on the upper frame 1b, bearings 4 and 5 are fixed to the bearing stand 2, and bearings 6 and 7 are fixed to the bearing stand 3 (see FIG. 4). Both ends of the rotating shaft 8 are rotatably supported by the bearings 4 and 6, and both ends of the rotating shaft 9 are rotatably supported by the bearings 5 and 7. The rotary shafts 8 and 9 are horizontally supported in parallel with each other at the same height along the axis of the other party. It should be noted that they may not be exactly the same height but may be substantially the same height, and may be not horizontal but substantially horizontal. Gears 12 and 13 are fixed to the right ends of the rotary shafts 8 and 9 in FIG. 4 and mesh with each other.

  A unit of the motor 17 and the speed reducer 16 is provided on the upper frame 1b. The output shaft 16 a of the speed reducer 16 is connected to the right end portion of the rotary shaft 8 through shaft couplings 15 and 14. The rotational driving force of the motor 17 is transmitted to the rotary shaft 8 through the speed reducer 16 and the shaft couplings 15 and 14. Thereby, the rotary shaft 8 is rotationally driven as a drive shaft. Further, the rotational driving force is transmitted to the rotary shaft 9 through the gears 12 and 13. As a result, the rotary shaft 9 follows the rotary shaft 8 as a driven shaft and rotates in the direction opposite to the rotary shaft 8.

  On the other hand, the intermediate part of the rotating shafts 8 and 9 is formed as a large-diameter part having a larger diameter than both end parts. The large diameter portions of the rotary shafts 8 and 9 have the same diameter. A plurality of rods 10 are erected on the outer peripheral surface of the large-diameter portion of the rotating shaft 8, and a plurality of rods 11 are also erected on the outer peripheral surface of the large-diameter portion of the rotating shaft 9. The rods 10 and 11 are in the same round bar shape, and are used to pulverize the lump by continuously applying force repeatedly to the lump of solid matter put in the crushing unit housing 22 described later of the crusher. It is a protruding member. Instead of the rods 10 and 11, for example, a protruding member having another shape such as a rectangular plate shape may be provided.

  In this embodiment, the self-cleaning is performed as the rotary shafts 8 and 9 rotate during the pulverization operation. That is, the plurality of rods 10 and 11 are configured to scrape off the solid matter adhering to the outer peripheral surface of the large-diameter portion of the rotating shafts 9 and 8 and the rods 11 and 10. Therefore, in this embodiment, the arrangement of the rods 10 and 11 is configured as follows.

  The rods 10 are arranged along a single spiral line. In other words, the rods 10 are arranged so as to be spirally arranged at a predetermined angular distance in the axial direction of the rotary shaft 8 and at an angular pitch of 45 ° that divides 360 ° of the entire circumference into eight equally in the circumferential direction. (See FIG. 5). The rod 11 is also arranged so as to be lined up along one spiral line at the predetermined equal distance in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 9, basically like the rod 10. However, in the circumferential direction, they are arranged so as to be spirally arranged at an angular pitch of 36 ° that divides 360 ° into 10 equal parts. Further, the spiral in which the rods 11 are arranged is a reverse spiral from the spiral formed by the arrangement of the rods 10. The rods 10 and 11 are arranged at positions facing each other in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the rotary shafts 8 and 9.

  Moreover, the rotating shafts 8 and 9 are arrange | positioned in the position where the front-end | tip of the rods 10 and 11 approaches the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft which opposes as the rotating shafts 8 and 9 rotate.

  The rotating shafts 8 and 9 are rotated at unequal speed. The rotation speed ratio of the rotary shafts 8 and 9 per unit time (ratio of the reciprocal of the gear ratio of the gears 12 and 13) is the same as the ratio of the angular pitches, here 45 °: 36 °, that is, 5: 4. To do. With such a configuration, the rods 10 and 11 do not collide with each other. Further, the ratio of the helical pitch formed by the arrangement of the rods 10 and the helical pitch formed by the arrangement of the rods 11 is the inverse ratio to the rotation ratio (5: 4) of the rotary shafts 8 and 9, that is, 1: 1.25. The transport speeds in the axial direction of the rotary shafts 8 and 9 are the same.

  Of course, the arrangement of the rods 10 and 11 is not limited to the above. A plurality of spiral lines for arranging the rods 10 and 11 may be provided. Further, the ratio of the angular pitch and the rotation speed ratio are not limited to 5: 4. Generally speaking, N may be set to an integer of 2 or more and N: N-1.

  On the other hand, elastic wheels (hereinafter referred to as rubber wheels) made of an elastic material such as rubber indicated by reference numerals 18 and 19 in FIG. 4 are fixed to both ends of the rotary shafts 8 and 9 near the outside of the large diameter portion. Is provided. The rubber wheels 18 and 19 are formed in a star-shaped or starfish-shaped thick plate shape as shown in FIGS. Four protrusions 18a are formed on the rubber wheel 18 so as to protrude in the circumferential direction at equal angular (90 °) intervals. The rubber wheel 19 is formed with five protrusions 19a protruding in the circumferential direction at equal angular intervals (72 °). The ratio of the angle between the protrusions 18a of the rubber wheel 18 and the angle between the protrusions 19a of the rubber wheel 19 (90 °: 72 °) is the same as the rotation speed ratio of the rotary shafts 8 and 9 (5: 4). Therefore, even if the rotating shafts 8 and 9 rotate and the rubber wheels 18 and 19 rotate in synchronization therewith, the projections 18a and 19a do not collide. The rubber wheels 18 and 19 are formed with holes 18b and 19b in the center, and the ends of the rotary shafts 8 and 9 are inserted through the holes 18b and 19b. The rubber wheels 18 and 19 are means for rotating a sieve rod 27 (see FIG. 2) described later. The dimension from the center of the holes 18b and 19b of the rubber wheels 18 and 19 (the center of the rotation shafts 8 and 9) to the tip of the projections 18a and 19a is the dimension from the center of the rotation shafts 8 and 9 to the tips of the rods 10 and 11. It is made slightly larger.

  Moreover, the support stand which is a support member shown with the code | symbol 20 in FIGS. 1-3 is provided in two places on the upper frame 1b (below the outer vicinity of the rubber wheels 18 and 19). The support base 20 is attached to the upper frame 1b via a vibration isolating rubber 21. The anti-vibration rubber 21 absorbs vibration from a vibrator 24 described later, and another elastic member such as a spring may be used instead of the anti-vibration rubber 21.

  A grinding unit casing (hereinafter simply referred to as a casing) indicated by the reference numeral 22 in FIGS. 1 and 2 is supported on the two support bases 20. The housing 22 accommodates portions where the rods 10 and 11 of the rotary shafts 8 and 9 and the rubber wheels 18 and 19 are provided. That is, the rotation space where the rods 10 and 11 and the rubber wheels 18 and 19 rotate with the rotation of the rotary shafts 8 and 9 is surrounded. The casing 22 is provided with a sieve facing the lower side of the rotation space of the rods 10 and 11.

  The housing 22 includes an upper plate 23, side plates 25 and 26, and the above screen. The sieve is composed of a plurality of (for example, several tens) sieve rods 27, two rod support plates 28, and a rod interval regulating plate 29. In FIG. 1, the individual illustration of the sieve rod 27 is omitted, and only the outline of the entire region where the sieve rod 27 is arranged is indicated by a one-dot chain line. In FIG. 2, the individual sieve bars 27 are illustrated only in the lower half of the arrangement area of the sieve bars 27, and only the outline of the upper half of the arrangement area is indicated by a one-dot chain line.

  As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the upper plate 23 covers the upper side of the rotation space of the rods 10 and 11 and the rubber wheels 18 and 19. The upper plate 23 is formed in a plate shape in which both left and right end portions in FIGS. 5 and 6 are curved in a quarter arc shape. The curved arc is along the outer side of the rotation trajectory of the tips of the protrusions 18a and 19a due to the rotation of the rubber wheels 18 and 19.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the side plates 25 and 26 are fixed to both ends in the length direction of the upper plate 23 along the axial direction of the rotary shafts 8 and 9 by bolting or the like. Then, the lower ends of the side plates 25 and 26 are fixed to the two support bases 20 by bolting or the like, so that the entire housing 22 is supported on the support base 20. The side plates 25 and 26 cover the left and right sides (both sides in the axial direction of the rotary shafts 8 and 9) of the rotation space of the rods 10 and 11 and the rubber wheels 18 and 19 in FIGS.

  Further, in FIG. 1, a loading port 23 a is provided on the upper side of the right end portion of the upper plate 23, and a lump of solid material (not shown) is loaded into the housing 22 from here. Further, a vibrator 24 is fixed on the upper side of the central portion of the upper plate 23, and the entire housing 22 vibrates by being driven.

  Although not shown in detail, the side plates 25 and 26 are fixed to both ends of the upper plate 23 by inserting both end portions of the rotary shafts 8 and 9 into holes formed in the respective central portions. Even if the side plates 25, 26 are vibrated by driving the vibrator 24, the edge of the hole at the center thereof does not hit or rub against the outer peripheral surfaces of both end portions of the rotary shafts 8, 9. Therefore, the diameter of the hole is appropriately larger than the diameters at both ends of the rotary shafts 8 and 9.

  The sieve rod 27 constituting the sieve extends straight in the direction in which the rotary shafts 8 and 9 extend, that is, horizontally, and the length thereof is a large-diameter portion where the rods 10 and 11 of the rotary shafts 8 and 9 are erected. A little longer. Both ends of the sieve rod 27 are threaded, and two retaining nuts 27a are screwed in and attached to each end. The two nuts 27a in the set are screwed so that the winding directions of the thread grooves are opposite to each other. As will be described later, this is to prevent the nut 27a from rotating with respect to the sieve rod 27 and not coming off the sieve rod 27 even if the nut 27a is rubbed by the protrusions 18a, 19a of the rotating rubber wheels 18, 19. .

  In addition, although the cross-sectional shape of the sieve rod 27 is circular in this embodiment (see FIGS. 5 to 8), other shapes such as a regular triangle, a square, and a regular hexagon may be used.

  The bar support plate 28 is a support member for supporting a plurality of sieve bars 27 in parallel. Moreover, the bar | burr space | interval restriction | limiting board 29 is a space | interval restriction | limiting member for arrange | positioning the space | interval of the several sieve rods 27 supported in parallel at predetermined intervals. The shape and structure of the rod support plate 28 and the rod interval regulating plate 29 are as shown in FIG. 7 (FIG. 10). In FIG. 7, the outline of the bar interval restricting plate 29 that is fixed to be overlapped with the back side of the bar supporting plate 28 (the side facing the paper surface in the drawing) is shown in a transparent state.

  The rod support plate 28 is formed in an oval shape, and holes 28a and 28b are formed on the left and right sides of the center. End portions (small diameter portions) of the rotary shafts 8 and 9 are inserted into the holes 28a and 28b, respectively. As will be described later, even if the rod support plate 28 fixed to the upper plate 23 vibrates by driving the vibrator 24, the edges of the holes 28 a and 28 b do not hit or rub against the outer peripheral surface of the ends of the rotary shafts 8 and 9. Like that. For this purpose, the diameters of the holes 28a and 28b are appropriately made larger than the diameters of the ends of the rotary shafts 8 and 9.

  In addition, a slit 28c is formed in the rod support plate 28, thereby receiving and supporting the end portion of the sieve rod 27. The width of the slit 28 c is slightly larger than the diameter of the sieve rod 27. The slit 28c is formed in a shape such that the figure 3 is tilted upward. That is, the slit 28c extends along a line connecting two circular arcs having a constant radius with the holes 28a and 28b as the centers. Then, it extends over the entire lower half of the line connecting the two arcs, and further extends from both ends of the lower half to a place that is raised by a predetermined angle (about 45 ° in FIG. 7). The dimension D1 (FIG. 10) from the center of the holes 28a, 28b to the center in the width direction (vertical direction) of the slit 28c is the radius R1 of the rubber wheels 18, 19 (from the centers of the holes 18b, 19b to the protrusions 18a, 19a). It is assumed that it is equal to or approximately equal to the dimension up to the tip. The dimension D2 from the center of the holes 28a, 28b to the inner edge of the width of the slit 28c is slightly larger than the dimension D3 from the center of the rotary shafts 8, 9 to the tips of the rods 10, 11.

  Further, a plurality of holes 28 d for fixing the rod support plate 28 to the upper plate 23 with screws are formed in the peripheral portion of the rod support plate 28.

  On the other hand, the bar interval regulating plate 29 is formed as an elongated plate having a shape corresponding to the shape of the portion below the horizontal line connecting the centers of the holes 28a and 28b in the slit 28c. That is, it is formed as an elongated plate having the shape of the lower half of the line connecting the two arcs described above. The radius of the arc drawn by the line of the inner edge of the bar spacing regulating plate 29 is equal to the dimension (D1) from the center of the holes 28a, 28b to the center of the width of the slit 28c. A plurality of grooves 29a for positioning the sieving bar 27 are formed at the inner edge of the bar interval regulating plate 29 at intervals of a constant angle θ1 in the circumferential direction of the arc of the edge line.

  The bar spacing regulating plate 29 is placed on the back side (rubber wheels 18 and 19 side) of the bar support plate 28 at the position shown in FIG. 7, and is fixed by a fixing means such as screwing (not shown). In the fixed state, the arc line on the inner edge of the bar spacing regulating plate 29 coincides with a line passing through the center of the width of the slit 28c at a portion below the horizontal line connecting the centers of the holes 28a and 28b.

  Thus, the rod support plate 28 to which the rod interval regulating plate 29 is fixed is fixed to the upper plate 23 by screws or the like at the positions shown in FIGS. The fixing positions are positions near the outer sides of both ends of the large-diameter portion where the rods 10 and 11 of the rotary shafts 8 and 9 are provided and inside the rubber wheels 18 and 19, respectively. The left and right sides (both sides in the axial direction of the rotary shafts 8 and 9) of the rotation space of the rods 10 and 11 are covered by the fixed rod support plates 28 on both sides in FIGS.

  A plurality of sieve bars 27 are attached to the support plates 28 on both sides thus fixed. That is, the both ends of the sieve rod 27 are inserted into the grooves 29a in the slits 28c of the rod support plates 28 on both sides (see FIG. 7). Then, two nuts 27a are screwed into the portion protruding outward to prevent it from coming off (see FIGS. 2 and 10). In this way, the plurality of sieve bars 27 are arranged at a predetermined interval so as to create a gap between the sieve bars, and each sieve bar is rotatably attached to the bar support plate 28.

  FIG. 7 shows a state in which the sieve rod 27 is not inserted into a part of the grooves 29a so that the grooves 29a can be easily seen. Actually, the sieve rod 27 is inserted through the entire groove 29a. Although not shown, the sieve rod 27 may be rotatably supported not only at both ends of the sieve rod 27 but also at one or a plurality of intermediate portions.

  With the above structure, a plurality of sieve bars 27 are supported in the arrangement shown in FIG. That is, the plurality of sieve bars 27 face the lower side of the rotation space of the rods 10 and 11 and are spaced apart from each other at predetermined intervals along the outer side of the lower half of the line connecting the rotation trajectories of the tips of the rods 10 and 11. Supported in parallel. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the sieve rod 27 is arranged along the axial direction of the rotary shafts 8 and 9.

  It should be noted that the rod spacing regulating plate 29 can be easily attached to and detached from the rod support plate 28, that is, can be easily replaced by a structure not shown in detail. A plurality of types of rod interval regulating plates 29 having different intervals between the grooves 29a are prepared. For example, the bar interval regulating plate 29 shown in FIG. 7 has a groove 29a having an interval angle θ1, but as shown in FIG. 8, a groove 29a having an interval angle θ2 larger than θ1 is also prepared. Then, either one of the two types of bar interval regulating plates 29 shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 is selected and fixed to the rod support plate 28 for use. Thereby, the space | interval of the groove | channel 29a, ie, the space | interval of the sieve rod 27, can be variably set to either of two types. In this way, the intervals between the sieve rods 27 constituting the sieve can be variably set to a plurality of types.

  In the example of FIG. 7, it is assumed that the number of the grooves 29 a is equal to the number of the sieve bars 27, and the sieve bars 27 are all left in the grooves 29 a so that the sieve bars 27 do not remain. On the other hand, in the example of FIG. 8, the angle θ2 of the interval between the grooves 29a is larger than θ1 in the case of FIG. For this reason, the number of the grooves 29a is smaller than that in the case of FIG. 7, and the sieving bar 27 is not left in each of the grooves 28a and remains. In this case, the surplus sieve bar is arranged as shown by reference numeral 27 'in FIG. That is, the surplus sieve rod 27 ′ is retracted and held in one (or both) of both end portions extending upward from both ends of the rod interval regulating plate 29 in the slit 28 c.

  Further, for example, in the example of FIG. 7, only half of the sieve rods 27 are inserted into every other groove 29a, and the remaining half of the sieve rods 27 can be retracted into both ends of the slit 28c. . In this case, the distance between the sieve rods 27 used for the sieve is twice that of the example of FIG. Thus, the interval of the sieve rods 27 used for the sieve can be variably set also by changing the arrangement of the plurality of sieve rods 27 with respect to the plurality of grooves 29a.

  Next, the pulverizing operation of the solid lump by the pulverizer of this embodiment will be described. During the pulverization operation, a solid lump having a diameter of, for example, several centimeters to several tens of centimeters is sequentially charged into the housing 22 from the charging port 23a, and the motor 17 is driven. Thereby, the rotating shafts 8 and 9 rotate in the opposite directions, and the rods 10 and 11 and the rubber wheels 18 and 19 rotate in the opposite directions. Then, the projections 18a and 19a of the rotating rubber wheels 18 and 19 rub the nuts 27a at both ends of the sieve rod 27 or the sieve rod itself, whereby the sieve rod 27 is rotated. In addition, the vibrator 24 is driven together with the motor 17, so that the entire housing 22 vibrates.

  The lump of solid matter that has been thrown in is repeatedly struck or pressurized by a plurality of rotating rods 10 and 11 to apply a force, and is sequentially crushed into particles. The pulverized product that has been pulverized into particles is applied with force while being stirred, and pulverized into smaller particles. Here, the plurality of rods 10 and 11 arranged so as to be aligned on the spiral line act in the same manner as the screw. Thereby, the lump of solid matter is sequentially pulverized into particles and is conveyed to the left in FIGS. 1 to 4 along the rotary shafts 8 and 9 while being stirred. In the meantime, when a pulverized product having a diameter smaller than the size of the gap between the sieve rods 27 moves to the sieve rod 27 by stirring, it passes through the gap between the sieve rods 27 and goes out of the housing 22. Sifted out. And it is discharged | emitted on the external belt conveyor not shown arrange | positioned under the housing | casing 22. FIG. In other words, only the granular material having a diameter smaller than a certain value is taken out from the pulverized material through the sieve and discharged out of the housing 22. The discharged granular material is conveyed to another place by a belt conveyor.

  Here, each of the sieve bars 27 is vibrated by the drive of the vibrator 24 and is rubbed and rotated by the rubber wheels 18 and 19. As a result, the granular material having a diameter smaller than a certain value is not clogged in the gap between the sieve rods 27 and falls through the gap smoothly and smoothly without any delay. Furthermore, the action of the sieve is also promoted by the vibration of the entire casing 22, and granular objects having a diameter of a certain value or less are discharged smoothly without delay. As described above, since particles having a diameter of a certain value or less are smoothly and efficiently discharged, the pulverized material having a large diameter remaining in the housing 22 can be efficiently pulverized.

  By the way, during the pulverization operation, the rotary shafts 8 and 9 rotate at an unequal speed with a rotation ratio of 5: 4. For this reason, the rods 10 and 11 that face each other at the same position in the axial direction of the rotary shafts 8 and 9 repeat the operation of approaching and separating from each other with rotation. Thereby, when the solid substance has adhered to each other, the solid substance adhering to each other can be scraped off. Since the rotation speed ratio and the above-described angular pitch ratio of the rods 10 and 11 are the same, the rods 10 and 11 do not collide with each other. Further, as the rotary shafts 8 and 9 rotate, the tip portions of the rods 10 and 11 pass through the vicinity of the outer peripheral surface of the large diameter portion of the counterpart rotary shafts 9 and 8. For this reason, if solid matter adheres to the outer peripheral surface of the large-diameter portion of the rotary shafts 8 and 9, the rods 11 and 10 can scrape them off. In this way, self-cleaning can be performed. Therefore, even if the solid matter contains moisture and has strong adhesion, the pulverization operation can be performed efficiently without any problem.

  As described above, according to the solid material crusher of the present example, the operation of taking out and discharging only the granular material having a diameter equal to or less than a certain value from the pulverized material while crushing the lump of the solid material charged into the particle shape. It can be done efficiently. Moreover, the configuration of the solid material crusher of this embodiment is simple and can be realized at low cost.

  Further, according to the present embodiment, as described above, the interval between the sieve rods 27 constituting the sieve can be set variably. And thereby, the upper limit dimension of the diameter of the granular thing to discharge can be set variably.

  In the embodiment described above, the screen of the casing 22 is configured to support a plurality of bars (the screen bars 27) in parallel, but the structure of the screen is not limited to this. For example, a configuration in which a plurality of wires are supported in a lattice-like or net-like arrangement can be considered.

  In the embodiment, the two rotating shafts 8 and 9 are provided, but a plurality of three or more rotating shafts may be provided.

  In the embodiment, the pulverized solids are conveyed in one direction along the rotation shafts 8 and 9 (leftward in FIG. 4). However, they are opposite to each other along the rotation shafts 8 and 9. It can also be conveyed in the direction and circulated. To do so, the arrangement of the rods 10, 11 arranged along the spiral line is changed. That is, for the rod 10, the spiral winding direction is opposite to the illustrated direction at the left end portion of the large-diameter portion of the rotating shaft 8 in FIG. 4. Further, with respect to the rod 11, the spiral winding direction is opposite to the illustrated direction except for the right end portion of the large-diameter portion of the rotating shaft 9 in FIG. 4. Thus, the method of conveying the pulverized material while pulverizing it is not limited to that of the embodiment, and an appropriate one may be selected according to the characteristics of the solid mass to be pulverized.

  In the above-described embodiment, the rods 10 and 11 are exemplified as the protruding members provided on the outer peripheral surfaces of the rotary shafts 8 and 9, but the present invention is not limited to this, and as shown in FIG. Paddles 40 and 41 may be provided on the rotary shafts 8 and 9 in place of the rods.

  In the example shown in FIG. 11, the paddles 40 are erected on the rotating shaft 8 in a spiral manner with an angular pitch of 90 degrees, and the paddles 41 are shifted on the rotating shaft 9 by an angular pitch of 72 degrees. Thus, the spiral of the rotating shaft 8 is erected in a reverse spiral shape. The ratio of the angular pitches of the paddles 40 and 41 is the same as the rotational speed ratio of the rotary shafts 8 and 9, and the ratio of the helical pitch formed by the paddles 40 and the helical pitch formed by the paddles 41 is the rotational axis. Since it is the inverse ratio of the rotational speed ratio of 8 and 9, the self-cleaning effect is obtained as in the case of the rod, and the paddle has a larger stirring and pulverizing effect than the rod, and the solid matter is efficiently granulated. Can be crushed and discharged.

FIG. 1 is a side view of a longitudinal section along one rotating shaft 8, showing the overall configuration of a solid grinder according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is an enlarged view of the part of the grinding | pulverization part housing | casing 22 in FIG. FIG. 2 is a longitudinal side view showing a state in which a grinding part housing 22 and rubber wheels 18 and 19 are removed in FIG. 1. It is a cross-sectional top view along the rotating shafts 8 and 9 of the solid substance crusher of an Example. It is an arrow view by the arrow A in FIG. It is an arrow view by the arrow B in FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the shape and structure of the bar | burr support plate 28 and the bar | burr space | interval control board 29, and arrangement | positioning of the sieve bar | burr 27. FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the shape and structure of the bar | burr support plate 28, the different bar | burr space | interval control board 29, and arrangement | positioning of the sieve rod 27. FIG. It is a front view of rubber wheels 18 and 19. It is explanatory drawing which shows arrangement | positioning of the axial direction of the bar | burr support plate 28, the bar | burr space | interval control board 29, and the sieve bar 27. It is a cross-sectional top view corresponding to FIG. 4 which showed the Example which stirs and grind | pulverizes using a paddle instead of a rod.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1a Lower frame 1b Upper frame 1c-1e Frame stand 2,3 Bearing stand 4-7 Bearing 8,9 Rotating shaft 10,11 Rod 12,13 Gear 14,15 Shaft coupling 16 Reducer 17 Motor 18,19 Rubber wheel 20 Support Base 21 Anti-vibration rubber 22 Grinding part housing 23 Upper plate 23a Solid mass inlet 24 Vibrator 25, 26 Side plate 27 Sieve rod 28 Bar support plate 29 Bar spacing regulating plate 40, 41 Paddle

Claims (8)

A solid material crusher that pulverizes a lump of solid material that has been charged into particles and discharges it,
A plurality of horizontally extending rotating shafts each having a plurality of protruding members standing on the outer peripheral surface;
A sieve comprising a plurality of bars provided in a direction in which the rotation shaft extends below the plurality of rotation shafts;
A rod support plate provided with slits for inserting the plurality of rods and supporting both ends thereof;
A bar interval regulating plate that is detachably fixed on the back side of the bar support plate and provided with grooves for positioning the plurality of bars at equal intervals ;
The plurality of bars of the sieve are arranged at a predetermined distance from each other so that a gap is formed between the bars,
By exchanging the rod interval regulating plate with a different groove interval, the interval separating the plurality of rods can be set variably,
A solid mass is pulverized by the plurality of projecting members rotating by the rotational drive of the plurality of rotating shafts, and the pulverized pulverized material is screened through the gaps between the plurality of rods. Pulverizer.   2. The solid matter pulverizer according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of bars are rotated around a horizontal axis.   The solids crusher according to claim 2, wherein the plurality of bars are rotated in synchronization with rotation of the plurality of rotation shafts. The solid matter pulverizer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the sieve is vibrated. The plurality of rotating shafts are composed of first and second rotating shafts that are rotated in opposite directions, and the projecting members that are erected on the first rotating shaft are arranged in a spiral manner with a first angular pitch shift. The projecting members erected on the second rotating shaft are arranged in a reverse spiral form formed by shifting the second angular pitch and formed by the projecting members of the first rotating shaft. The ratio of the angular pitch is the same as the rotation speed ratio of the first and second rotating shafts, and the ratio of the helical pitch formed by the protruding members of the first rotating shaft and the helical pitch formed by the protruding members of the second rotating shaft. The solid matter pulverizer according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , characterized in that has a reverse ratio to the rotation speed ratio of the first and second rotating shafts. The first and second rotating shafts are arranged such that as the rotating shafts rotate, the tips of projecting members erected on the rotating shafts are positioned close to the outer peripheral surfaces of the opposing rotating shafts. The solid material pulverizer according to claim 5 . The plurality of bars of the sieve are arranged along an arc centered on the rotation center of each rotation shaft, and are rubbed and rotated by an elastic wheel attached to the rotation shaft and rotating. 7. The solid material grinder according to any one of items 1 to 6 . The solid material crusher according to any one of claims 1 to 7 , wherein the projecting members erected on the plurality of rotating shafts are rods or paddles.