JP2017072358A - Ice machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an ice machine which can produce frozen ice with fixed salinity without obstacle.SOLUTION: An ice machine 10 producing frozen ice without circulating stock of saline water comprises: a vertical drum 11 cooling the internal perimeter surface by refrigerant; a rotation axis 12 arranged on the central axis of the vertical drum 11 and rotating; multiple pipes 13 rotating with the rotation axis 12 and having nozzles 13a jetting the saline water to the internal perimeter surface of the vertical drum 11 in the tips; an arm 14 put on to the rotation axis 12, extending to the radial direction of the vertical drum 11 and rotating with the rotation axis 12; a blade 15 attached to the tip of the arm 14 and scratching frozen ice formed in the internal perimeter surface of the vertical drum 11; and an outlet 16 provided to the undersurface of the vertical drum 11 and ejecting the frozen ice scratched by the blade 15.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to an ice making machine that produces sherbet-like ice using salt water such as seawater as a raw material.

  In order to maintain the freshness of seafood, it has been conventionally practiced to cool seafood with ice. For example, when a fishing boat goes fishing, a large amount of ice is loaded on the fishing boat, and the captured fish is transported in a container filled with water ice (ice + seawater). However, in the case of ice made from fresh water, when the ice melts, the salinity of seawater used to maintain freshness decreases. As a result, there is a problem that due to the osmotic pressure, water enters the body of the fish immersed in water ice and the freshness of the fish falls.

  Therefore, in recent years, a technique of using seawater sherbet ice obtained by freezing seawater in a sherbet shape for maintaining the freshness of seafood has attracted attention. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a technique related to a sherbet ice making machine. In the ice making machine described in Patent Document 1, salt water is circulated between a tank that stores salt water as a raw material for sherbet ice and an ice generator that generates ice, and the ice generator is operated by operating a refrigerator. By supplying the refrigerant to the constituting evaporator, the salt water is gradually cooled, and ice is generated on the ice making surface of the inner cylinder of the evaporator. Ice generated on the ice surface of the inner cylinder is scraped off by a scraper mounted on the surface of the rotor that rotates in the inner cylinder, and flows into the tank together with salt water.

  Patent Document 2 discloses a technique related to an ice making system for seawater sherbet ice. In the ice making system described in Patent Document 2, the deep sea water is circulated in the order of the ice making tank, the supercooler, the supercooling release plate, and the ice making tank, and the deep sea water is circulated between the ice making tank and the ice storage tank. The deep ocean water is cooled, and the ice making and ice storage processes are started. When ice making is started, ice water in the ice making tank is sent into the ice storage tank, and deep ocean water in the ice storage tank is sent into the ice making tank.

JP 2008-121935 A JP 2006-10129 A

In the conventional ice making techniques described in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, a portion of salt water grows as ice while circulating salt water such as seawater between the ice making section and the ice storage section. Therefore, a certain time is required for ice making.
In the ice making system in which salt water is circulated, the moisture in the salt water decreases as ice is generated. As a result, the salinity of salt water increases and the ice temperature decreases. Therefore, in order to continuously produce sherbet ice having a certain salinity, it is necessary to adjust the salinity of the salt water.
In addition, in the case of an ice making system in which salt water is circulated, the temperature of the circulating salt water is lower than 0 ° C., so that a portion having a negative temperature is generated other than the ice making surface, which may hinder ice making operation.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide an ice making machine capable of producing sherbet-like ice having a certain salinity concentration without any trouble.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is an ice making machine for producing sherbet-like ice without circulating salt water as a raw material,
A vertical drum whose inner peripheral surface is cooled by the refrigerant, a rotating shaft disposed on the central axis of the vertical drum, and rotating with the rotary shaft, toward the inner peripheral surface of the vertical drum An injection means for injecting the salt water; an arm attached to the rotary shaft; extending in a radial direction of the saddle drum; and rotating with the rotary shaft; and attached to a tip of the arm; A blade that scrapes off the sherbet-like ice generated on the inner peripheral surface, and a discharge port that is provided on the lower surface of the saddle drum and that discharges the sherbet-like ice scraped off by the blade. .

  In the present invention, since salt water is sprayed on the inner peripheral surface of the cooled vertical drum made of metal, the salt water adhering to the inner peripheral surface is instantly frozen. Therefore, there is no need to circulate salt water. As a result, the salinity of salt water is always constant, and sherbet-like ice having a constant salinity can be produced. Further, since salt water is not circulated, facilities for circulating salt water are not required, and there is no factor that hinders ice making operation.

  In the ice making machine according to the present invention, a plurality of the arms are provided, and the positions of the saw blades formed on the blade of one arm and the blades of the other arm are the positions of the rotary shaft. It may be displaced in the direction. Thereby, the sherbet-shaped ice which exists between the saw blades of the blades of one arm can be scraped off by the saw blades of the blades of the other arm.

  The ice making machine according to the present invention may further include an elastic member that presses the blade edge of the blade against the inner peripheral surface of the saddle drum, and a pressing force adjusting member that adjusts the pressing force of the elastic member. Thus, even if the inner peripheral surface of the saddle drum is not a perfect circle, the sherbet-like ice generated on the inner peripheral surface of the saddle drum can be reliably scraped off by the blade.

  Further, in the ice making machine according to the present invention, the dredging hole into which the salt water flows is formed along the axis of the rotating shaft, communicates with the dredging hole, and rotates toward the inner peripheral surface of the dredged drum. A plurality of pipes extending radially from the shaft may be provided, and the pipes may be the injection means. Alternatively, a liquid feeding tube that communicates with the pothole and extends from the rotating shaft may be provided, and a spray nozzle may be attached to a distal end portion of the liquid feeding tube, and the spray nozzle may be used as the ejection unit.

  In the ice making machine according to the present invention, the rotating shaft may be supported only by an upper bearing member that seals the upper surface of the saddle drum. In this configuration, since the lower end portion of the rotating shaft is not pivotally supported, there is no obstacle below the saddle drum, and sherbet-like ice that has been scraped and dropped does not adhere to the ice making machine.

  In the ice making machine according to the present invention, since salt water is sprayed on the inner peripheral surface of the cooled vertical drum made of metal, the salt water adhering to the inner peripheral surface is instantly frozen. Therefore, it is not necessary to circulate salt water, and sherbet-like ice having a constant salt concentration can be produced without any trouble.

1 is a partial cross-sectional perspective view of an ice making machine according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the ice making machine. It is a side view of the rotating shaft, arm, and blade which comprise the ice making machine. It is a fragmentary sectional perspective view of the ice making machine which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view of the rotating shaft, arm, and blade which comprise the ice making machine. It is the elements on larger scale for demonstrating the blade press mechanism of the ice making machine. It is a partial top view of the ice making machine. It is a fragmentary sectional perspective view of the ice making machine which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention.

  Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings to provide an understanding of the present invention.

The ice making machine according to the present invention is an ice making machine that produces sherbet-like ice using salt water such as seawater as a raw material.
[First embodiment]
A partial cross-sectional perspective view of an ice making machine 10 according to a first embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. The ice making machine 10 includes a vertical drum 11 whose inner peripheral surface is cooled by a refrigerant, and a rotating shaft 12 that is rotated by a geared motor 20 is disposed on the central axis of the vertical drum 11. The rotary shaft 12 rotates together with the rotary shaft 12, and a plurality of pipes 13 (injecting means) having injection holes 13 a at the tip thereof for injecting salt water toward the inner peripheral surface of the vertical drum 11, and the vertical drum 11. An arm 14 extending in the radial direction and rotating together with the rotary shaft 12 is attached. A blade 15 that scrapes off the sherbet-like ice generated on the inner peripheral surface of the saddle drum 11 is attached to the tip of the arm 14.

  The ice making machine 10 is not equipped with a facility for circulating salt water that is a raw material for sherbet-like ice, and salt water having a certain salt concentration is injected from the injection holes 13 a toward the inner peripheral surface of the saddle drum 11. .

The saddle drum 11 has an inner cylinder 22 in which sherbet-like ice is generated on the inner peripheral surface, and an outer cylinder 23 surrounding the inner cylinder 22 (see FIG. 2). The inner cylinder 22 and the outer cylinder 23 are made of steel, and a clearance is provided between the inner cylinder 22 and the outer cylinder 23. Refrigerant is supplied to the clearance from a refrigerator (not shown) through a pipe (not shown).
The outer peripheral surface of the saddle drum 11 is covered with a cylindrical protective cover 19.

  The upper surface of the saddle drum 11 is sealed with an upper bearing member 17 having a shape in which the pot is inverted. A bush 28 that supports the rotating shaft 12 is fitted in the center of the upper bearing member 17. The rotating shaft 12 is supported only by the upper bearing member 17, and the lower end portion of the rotating shaft 12 is not pivotally supported. Therefore, there is no obstacle below the saddle drum 11 when the sherbet ice scraped by the blade 15 falls, and the bottom surface of the saddle drum 11 is a discharge port for discharging the sherbet ice. It is set to 16.

The rotating shaft 12 is rotated around the material axis by a geared motor 20 installed above the upper bearing member 17. In the upper part of the rotating shaft 12, a hole 12a extending in the material axis direction and communicating with each pipe 13 is formed (see FIG. 2). A rotary joint 21 is attached to the top of the rotating shaft 12.
Salt water, which is a sherbet-shaped ice raw material, is supplied to the coffin hole 12a formed in the rotary shaft 12 via the rotary joint 21, and is supplied to each pipe 13 from the coffin hole 12a.

The pipes 13 extend radially from the rotary shaft 12 in the radial direction of the saddle drum 11. The installation height of each pipe 13 is an upper position of the height of the inner cylinder 22 of the saddle drum 11, and salt water is injected toward the upper part of the inner peripheral surface of the inner cylinder 22 (see FIGS. 1 and 2). As a water pressure at the time of injecting salt water from the injection hole 13a, about 0.3 MPa-2.0 MPa is preferable.
A spray nozzle or the like may be used instead of the pipe 13.

The arm 14 is mounted so as to be symmetric with respect to the rotating shaft 12. In the present embodiment, the number of arms 14 is two.
The blade 15 attached to the tip of each arm 14 is made of a stainless steel plate having a length substantially equal to the total length (total height) of the inner cylinder 22, and a plurality of saw teeth 15 a are provided on the end surface facing the inner cylinder 22. Is formed (see FIG. 3).

  The blade edge of each saw tooth 15a is not parallel to the plate thickness direction of the blade 15, but is formed in an oblique direction with respect to the plate thickness direction (an angle of 45 ° with respect to the plate thickness direction in the present embodiment). Further, the positions of the saw-tooth 15 a formed on the blade 15 of one arm 14 and the saw-tooth 15 a formed on the blade 15 of the other arm 14 are shifted in the direction of the rotary shaft 12. Thereby, the sherbet-like ice existing in the valley between the saw teeth 15a of the blade 15 of one arm 14 can be scraped off by the saw teeth 15a of the blade 15 of the other arm 14.

  A blade adjustment bolt 26 for adjusting the gap between the tip of the blade 15 and the inner cylinder 22 of the saddle drum 11 is attached to the arm 14 behind the blade 15. The gap between the tip of the blade 15 and the inner cylinder 22 of the saddle drum 11 is preferably about 0.1 mm to 0.2 mm.

Next, operation | movement of the ice making machine 10 which has the said structure is demonstrated.
The temperature of the sherbet-like ice used for maintaining the freshness of marine products is approximately -3 ° C to -1 ° C. On the other hand, when the salinity of salt water increases, the freezing temperature of salt water decreases. Therefore, the salinity of salt water is set so that the temperature of the sherbet-like ice is approximately -3 ° C to -1 ° C. Incidentally, in the case of the NaCl aqueous solution, the salinity concentration is 4.5 mass% to 1.5 mass%. Although it is better that the temperature of the salt water is low, the temperature is set to 5 ° C to 25 ° C.

The refrigerant is supplied to the vertical drum 11 by operating the refrigerator, and the temperature of the inner peripheral surface of the vertical drum 11 is set to −20 ° C. to −25 ° C.
Next, the geared motor 20 is operated to rotate the rotating shaft 12 around the material axis, and salt water is supplied into the rotating shaft 12 through the rotary joint 21. The rotational speed of the rotating shaft 12 is 2 rpm to 4 rpm. In addition, when the spray nozzle is used instead of the pipe 13, the rotational speed of the rotating shaft 12 is set to 10 rpm to 15 rpm.
The amount of salt water ejected from the ejection holes 13 a is set to an amount that allows the ejected salt water to be completely frozen on the inner peripheral surface of the saddle drum 11. Specifically, the amount of salt water discharged from the discharge port 16 is observed, and the amount of salt water injected from the injection hole 13a is adjusted so that the salt water discharged from the discharge port 16 becomes substantially zero.

  The salt water sprayed from the pipe 13 rotating together with the arm 14 toward the inner peripheral surface of the saddle drum 11 freezes instantaneously when it comes into contact with the inner peripheral surface of the saddle drum 11. The sherbet-like ice generated on the inner peripheral surface of the saddle drum 11 is scraped off by the blade 15 that rotates together with the arm 14. The scraped ice in the form of sherbet falls from the discharge port 16.

[Second Embodiment]
When the diameter of the saddle drum exceeds 1 m, it is difficult to ensure the roundness of the inner peripheral surface of the saddle drum no matter how precise the manufacturing process is. Further, even after completion of the ice making machine, the temperature difference between the ice making machine and the outside air temperature during the ice making operation is repeated, so that slight uneven shrinkage occurs in the metal material such as the saddle drum, and the saddle drum is deformed. Therefore, the gap between the blade edge and the inner peripheral surface of the saddle drum cannot be maintained constant.

  Therefore, in the ice making machine according to the second embodiment of the present invention, a mechanism that constantly presses the blade edge of the blade against the inner peripheral surface of the saddle drum is employed. FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional perspective view of an ice making machine 30 according to the second embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 5 and 6 are diagrams for explaining the blade pressing mechanism. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the same component as the ice making machine 10 which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention, and description is abbreviate | omitted.

  In the ice making machine 30 according to the present embodiment, a blade 35 made of a band plate material is held by a blade holding member 36 and joined to a distal end portion 34a of an arm 34 via a blade connecting member 37 (see FIG. 7). The blade 35, the blade holding member 36, and the blade connecting member 37 are clamped by a pair of blade clamping members 38 made of a band plate material.

  One end of the blade 35 in the long side direction is an inclined surface, and is a cutting edge that scrapes off sherbet-like ice. The material of the blade 35 may be stainless steel, but titanium, which is softer than stainless steel and resistant to salt water, a resin wear-resistant sliding material, carbon fiber, and the like are preferable.

The blade holding member 36 is generally C-shaped with the upper and lower ends of the belt plate projecting toward the arm 34 side. The front half (blade 35 side) of the blade connecting member 37 in the form of a strip is inserted between a pair of protrusions 36c protruding from the upper and lower end portions of the blade holding member 36 toward the arm 34 side. On the other hand, a protrusion 36b for holding the blade 35 so as not to drop off is formed at the lower end of the blade 35 side long side of the blade holding member 36.
The blade holding member 36 is formed with a plurality of through holes 36a penetrating in the thickness direction at intervals in the long side direction. The pair of blade clamping members 38 are fixed to the blade holding member 36 by screws (not shown) that pass through the through holes 36a.

A plurality of through holes 37a penetrating in the short side direction with an interval in the long side direction are formed in the blade connecting member 37 having a strip shape, and the elastic member 24 is provided on the blade 35 side in each through hole 37a. A pressing force adjusting member 27 for adjusting the pressing force of the elastic member 24 is inserted on the arm 34 side.
Note that the blade clamping member 38 is omitted from the left blade 35 in FIG. 5 and the blade 35 in FIG. 6 for convenience of explanation.

In the present embodiment, cylindrical urethane rubber is used as the elastic member 24. The elastic member 24 generates a pressing force of 60 kg at 15% compression, 80 kg at 20% compression, and 100 kg at 25% compression. A washer 25 is attached to the rear end (arm 34 side) of the elastic member 24.
The pressing force adjusting member 27 includes a cylindrical pressing rod 29 that presses the washer 25, a bolt 31 that presses the rear end (arm 34 side) of the pressing rod 29, and a nut 33 that fixes the screwing position of the bolt 31. And. On the other hand, on the inner peripheral surface of each through hole 37a on the arm 34 side, a female screw portion (not shown) that is screwed with the bolt 31 is formed.

  By turning the bolt 31, the bolt 31 enters the through hole 37 a, and the front end portion of the bolt 31 presses the rear end portion of the pressing rod 29. As a result, the pressing rod 29 moves to the blade 35 side, and the tip end portion (blade 35 side) of the pressing rod 29 presses the elastic member 24 via the washer 25. As a result, a pressing force is generated in the elastic member 24, and the elastic member 24 presses the cutting edge of the blade 35 against the inner peripheral surface of the saddle drum 11 via the blade holding member 36.

  FIG. 7 shows a state in which the cutting edge of the blade 35 is pressed against the inner peripheral surface of the saddle drum 11. In the figure, the rotating shaft 32 rotates counterclockwise. The arm 34 has a leading end 34 a bent in the rotation direction, and the rear end of the blade connecting member 37 is joined to the leading end 34 a of the arm 34.

  Since the blade 35 in the present embodiment is as long as 600 mm, the lower end portion of the rotating shaft 32 is supported by the lower bearing member 18.

[Third embodiment]
In the ice making machine according to the third embodiment of the present invention, the salt water injection means is not a pipe but a spray nozzle. FIG. 8 shows a partial cross-sectional perspective view of an ice making machine 40 according to the third embodiment of the present invention. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the same component as ice making machine 10 and 30 which concerns on the 1st and 2nd embodiment of this invention, and description is abbreviate | omitted.

  In the ice making machine 40 according to the present embodiment, a spray nozzle 43 (injecting means) for injecting salt water is attached to each arm 44 via a nozzle holding member 46. The attachment position of the nozzle holding member 46 can be adjusted via a long hole 44 a formed in the arm 44. By adjusting the mounting position of the nozzle holding member 46, the spraying direction of the mist-like salt water sprayed from the spray nozzle 43 and the distance from the spray nozzle 43 to the inner peripheral surface of the vertical drum 11 can be adjusted. . Each spray nozzle 43 is arranged behind the adjacent blade 35 in the rotation direction.

  On the other hand, like the ice making machines 10 and 30 according to the first and second embodiments, the rotating shaft 42 is formed with a pothole (not shown) through which salt water flows, and communicates with the pothole to rotate the rotating shaft 42. A spray nozzle 43 is attached to the tip of the liquid feeding tube 45 extending from the nozzle.

  The mist-like salt water sprayed toward the inner peripheral surface of the vertical drum 11 from the spray nozzle 43 that rotates counterclockwise together with the arm 44 freezes instantaneously when it comes into contact with the inner peripheral surface of the vertical drum 11. The sherbet-like ice generated on the inner peripheral surface of the saddle drum 11 is scraped off by the blade 35 rotating together with the arm 44 and falls from the discharge port 16.

  Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the configurations described in the above-described embodiments, and is considered within the scope of the matters described in the claims. Other embodiments and modifications are also included. Further, various modifications and combinations of the above embodiments may be made within the scope not departing from the gist of the present invention. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the number of arms (blades) attached to the rotating shaft is two, but may be three or more.

10, 30, 40: ice making machine, 11: vertical drum, 12, 32, 42: rotating shaft, 12a: coffin hole, 13: pipe (injection means), 13a: injection hole, 14, 34, 44: arm, 15 35: blade, 15a: saw blade, 16: discharge port, 17: upper bearing member, 18: lower bearing member, 19: protective cover, 20: geared motor, 21: rotary joint, 22: inner cylinder, 23: outer cylinder , 24: elastic member, 25: washer, 26: blade adjusting bolt, 27: pressing force adjusting member, 28: bushing, 29: pressing rod, 31: bolt, 33: nut, 34a: tip, 36: blade holding member 36b, 36c: protrusion, 37: blade connecting member, 36a, 37a: through hole, 38: blade clamping member, 43: spray nozzle (injecting means), 45: liquid feeding tube, 46: screw Le holding member, 44a: elongated hole

Claims (6)

An ice making machine that produces sherbet-shaped ice without circulating salt water as a raw material,
A vertical drum whose inner peripheral surface is cooled by the refrigerant, a rotating shaft disposed on the central axis of the vertical drum, and rotating with the rotary shaft, toward the inner peripheral surface of the vertical drum An injection means for injecting the salt water; an arm attached to the rotary shaft; extending in a radial direction of the saddle drum; and rotating with the rotary shaft; and attached to a tip of the arm; A blade that scrapes off the sherbet-like ice generated on the inner peripheral surface, and a discharge port that is provided on the lower surface of the saddle drum and discharges the sherbet-like ice scraped off by the blade. Ice machine.   2. The ice making machine according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the arms are provided, and the positions of the saw blades formed on the blade of one arm and the blades of the other arm are in the direction of the rotation axis. An ice machine characterized by   The ice making machine according to claim 1, further comprising: an elastic member that presses a blade edge of the blade against an inner peripheral surface of the saddle drum; and a pressing force adjusting member that adjusts a pressing force of the elastic member. Machine.   The ice making machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a pothole into which the salt water flows is formed along an axis of the rotating shaft, communicates with the pothole, An ice making machine comprising a plurality of pipes extending radially from the rotating shaft toward a peripheral surface, wherein the pipes serve as the injection means.   The ice making machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a pothole into which the salt water flows is formed along an axis of the rotating shaft, communicates with the pothole, and extends from the rotating shaft. An ice making machine, wherein a spray nozzle is attached to a tip portion of the liquid feeding tube, and the spray nozzle serves as the spraying means.   The ice maker according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the rotating shaft is supported only by an upper bearing member that seals an upper surface of the saddle drum.

Images