JP2017057619A - Soil character sampler and soil character sampling method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a soil character sampler with good work efficiency that does not drop collected soil from the bottom edge of a pipe while the pipe is pulled up onto the ground.SOLUTION: A soil character sampler 60 comprises a drill 70 which is a rod-like member with a connection part 72 on the top edge to be connected with the bottom edge of a rod and which excavates soil at a predetermined depth of sampling by an excavation part 71; and a pipe 80 which is a cylindrical member for storing inside and locking the drill 70 in a penetration hole from the ground to the front of the predetermined depth of sampling and which unlocks the drill 70 stored inside and sends out the drill from the front of the predetermined depth of sampling to the predetermined depth of sampling while storing inside and locking the drill 70 excavating soil at the predetermined depth of sampling.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a soil sampler and a soil sampling method for performing soil sampling for investigating the soil quality in a ground testing machine that penetrates into the soil with a rod, such as a Swedish sounding (SWS) testing machine. It is concerned.

  FIG. 8 is a diagram sequentially illustrating the state of use of a conventional soil sampler. This conventional soil sampler is disclosed in Patent Document 1.

  In FIG. 8, 102 is a rod of a Swedish sounding tester, 106 is a conventional soil sampler, 107 is a shaft, 107A is a head, 107B and 107C are locking means, 107D is a hook, 108 is a pipe, 108A is a groove , 110 is a sampling soil, and A is a sampling space.

Next, the operation will be described.
After excavating to the expected sampling depth by the Swedish sounding test, the rod 102 is pulled out of the penetration hole, the screw point is removed from the lower end, and a soil sampler 106 is connected instead. This soil sampler 106 has a shaft body 107 with a head 107A provided at the lower end, and has a sampling space A outside the shaft body 107, and a pipe 108 is provided to be movable up and down.

  First, as shown in FIG. 8A, the soil sampler 106 with the pipe 108 lowered to close the sampling space A is inserted into the penetration hole, and the rod 102 is pushed into the head 107A to enter the soil. Let Next, as shown in FIG. 8B, when the rod 102 is slightly lifted and the head 107A is accommodated in the pipe 108, the locking means 107C is locked in the groove 108A.

  Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 8C, the rod 102 is pushed in to collect soil in the collection space A in the pipe 108. Finally, as shown in FIG. 8 (d), the soil sampler 106 is pulled up to the ground, and the collected soil 110 is taken out from the collected space A.

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 5-3394

  Since the conventional soil sampler is configured as described above, the soil is simply pushed into the sampling space from the lower end of the pipe, and the soil is often removed from the lower end of the pipe until the soil sampler is pulled up to the ground. There was a problem that the work efficiency was poor.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems. The soil sampler and the soil material that can improve work efficiency with almost no dropping of the collected soil until the soil sampler is pulled up to the ground. An object is to provide a sampling method.

  The soil sampler according to the present invention is connected to the lower end of the rod of the ground testing machine that penetrates into the soil with the rod, and is inserted into the penetration hole excavated in the ground by operation through the rod from the ground, and the soil at the expected sampling depth In a soil sampler that performs sampling, a rod-like member whose upper end is connected to the lower end of the rod, drilling means for excavating the soil at the planned sampling depth, and drilling at the penetration hole between the ground and the depth before the planned sampling depth A cylindrical member that houses and locks the means therein, unlocks the drill means housed therein, and sends it to the sampling depth from before the planned sampling depth, and drills the soil at the planned sampling depth And pipe means for storing and locking the inside.

  According to the present invention, the collected soil is hardly dropped before the soil sampler is pulled up to the ground, and the effect of improving work efficiency can be obtained.

It is a figure which shows the structure of the Swedish type sounding test machine which connected the soil sampler by Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the soil sampler by Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of a drill. It is a figure which shows the structure of a pipe. It is a figure for demonstrating the lock | rock procedure of the soil sampler by Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the procedure of the soil sampling method by Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a figure which shows typically the use condition of the soil sampler by Embodiment 1 of this invention in order (the 1). It is a figure which shows typically the use condition of the soil sampler by Embodiment 1 of this invention in order (the 2). It is a figure which shows the use condition of the conventional soil sampler in order.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, the same or corresponding constituent elements are denoted by the same or corresponding reference numerals.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
<Relationship with testing machine>
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of a Swedish sounding tester to which a soil sampler according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention is connected. Here, a front view of a manual Swedish sounding tester is shown, and the bottom plate and the ground portion are depicted in a perspective view.

  In FIG. 1, 10 is a rod, 20 is a handle, 30 is a weight, 40 is a loading clamp, 50 is a bottom plate, 60 is a soil sampler according to the first embodiment, G is a ground to be tested, and H is a Swedish sounding test. It is an penetration hole excavated in the ground G by a machine. As shown in FIG. 1, the soil sampler 60 is connected to the lower end of the rod 10 instead of the screw point in the Swedish sounding tester, and is inserted into the penetration hole H by an operation through the rod 10 from the ground to be collected. Depth soil sampling.

  FIG. 1 is merely an example of the configuration, and the use of the soil sampler 60 is not limited to a manual Swedish sounding tester. For example, even in the semi-automatic Swedish sounding test machine that automates everything except rod addition, which is a mechanized rod rotational force, the lower end of the rod is used instead of the screw point as in FIG. It can be used by connecting the soil sampler 60 to Furthermore, the use of the soil sampler 60 is not limited to manual, semi-automatic and fully automatic Swedish sounding testing machines. If it is a ground testing machine that penetrates into the soil with a rod, such as a hand auger, standard penetration testing machine, conical penetration testing machine, vane testing machine, etc., it can be used in the same way by connecting the soil sampler 60 to the lower end of the rod It is.

<Configuration>
Next, the configuration of the soil sampler 60 will be described.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration of a soil sampler according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Fig. 2 (a) is a front view of the appearance of the soil sampler, Fig. 2 (b) is a diagram showing the soil sampler separated into a drill and a pipe, and Fig. 2 (c) is an enlarged view of each upper end portion of the drill and pipe. FIG.

  3 and 4 are diagrams showing the configurations of the drill and the pipe, respectively. 3 (a), FIG. 3 (b), FIG. 3 (c), and FIG. 3 (d) are a front view, a top view, a partial side view, and a cross-sectional view taken along line AA, respectively, of FIG. FIG. 4B is a front view and a top view of the pipe, respectively.

  Further, FIG. 5 is a view for explaining a soil sampler lock procedure according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5A to FIG. 5D illustrate a procedure for locking the drill and the pipe.

  2, 3, and 5, 70 is a rod-shaped member drill (drilling means), 71 is a drilling portion on the lower end side of the drill 70, 72 is a connecting portion on the upper end side of the drill 70, 72 </ b> A is a screw portion of the connecting portion 72, 72B is a cylindrical portion of the connection portion 72, 72C is an L-shaped groove of the connection portion 72, 72C-1 is an axial groove of the L-shaped groove 72C, 72C-2 is a circumferential groove of the L-shaped groove 72C, and Z is a drill groove of the drill 70. It is the central axis.

  2, 4, and 5, reference numeral 80 denotes a hollow cylindrical member pipe (pipe means) having an upper end and a lower end opened, and 81 denotes a pipe 2 formed on the inner periphery on the upper end side of the pipe 80. The individual protrusions, Z, are the central axis of the pipe 80.

  As can be seen from FIG. 2 (c) and FIG. 3 (a), an excavation part 71 having a spiral blade (or groove) formed on the outer periphery is provided on the lower end side of the cylindrical part 72B. On the other hand, on the upper end side of the cylindrical portion 72B, there is provided a screw portion 72A that is screwed and connected to the rod 10 of the Swedish sounding tester.

  As can be seen from FIG. 3 and FIG. 5, two L-shaped grooves 72 </ b> C composed of an axial groove 72 </ b> C- 1 and a circumferential groove 72 </ b> C- 2 are provided on the outer periphery of the cylindrical portion 72 </ b> B, with respect to the central axis Z. It is formed so as to have two rotational symmetry (* 1).

(* 1) “Two-fold rotational symmetry with respect to the central axis Z” …… A property of overlapping the original state before rotation when rotated 180 ° (= 360 ° / 2) around the central axis Z.

  3A and 3B, in the L-shaped groove 72C, the axial groove 72C-1 is formed in the direction parallel to the central axis Z from the upper end of the cylindrical portion 72B to the middle of the cylindrical portion 72B. Subsequently, it can be seen that the circumferential groove 72C-2 is formed in the circumferential direction of the columnar portion 72B in a manner connected to the lower end of the axial groove 72C-1. As shown in the cross-sectional view along the line AA in FIG. 3D, the circumferential groove 72C-2 is formed over a range where the central angle θ exceeds 90 °.

  On the other hand, referring to FIG. 4, the two protrusions 81 have two rotational symmetry with respect to the central axis Z so as to correspond to the two L-shaped grooves 72 </ b> C on the inner periphery on the upper end side of the pipe 80. It turns out that it forms so. By making the two L-shaped grooves 72C and the two projecting portions 81 rotationally symmetric with respect to the central axis Z, the arrangement balance of the L-shaped grooves 72C and the projecting portions 81 can be maintained, and the operability can be improved.

<Lock>
The soil sampler 60 is configured by locking the drill 70 having such an L-shaped groove 72C and the pipe 80 having the projecting portion 81 as shown in FIGS.

  That is, first, as shown in FIG. 5A, the drill 70 is inserted in the direction of the central axis Z from the connection portion 72 side into the lower end of the pipe 80. The inner diameter of the pipe 80 is larger than the outer diameter of the drill 70 and the outer diameter of the rod 10 so that the drill 70 and the rod 10 can be inserted. When the drill 70 is accommodated in the pipe 80 and the threaded portion 72A appears from the upper end of the pipe 80, the two projecting portions 81 of the pipe 80 are formed in the two L-shaped grooves 72C as shown in FIG. Each is engaged with the axial groove 72C-1.

  Then, when the protrusion 81 is engaged with the axial groove 72C-1 to the end, this time, the drill 70 is rotated around the central axis Z as shown in FIG. When the projecting portion 81 is engaged to the end, the soil sampler 60 is locked. The state at this time is shown in FIG.

  On the contrary, when releasing the lock of the soil sampler 60 and separating the drill 70 and the pipe 80, the reverse procedure from FIG. 5 (d) to FIG. 5 (a) is performed. As described above, the drill 70 and the pipe 80 are locked / unlocked by engaging the L-shaped groove 72C and the protrusion 81 only by the translation operation in the central axis Z direction and the rotation operation around the central axis Z. It has become so.

  In the soil sampler 60, the L-shaped groove 72C has a certain amount of play and is wider than the size of the protrusion 81. By making the L-shaped groove 72C wider, it becomes easier to engage the protrusion 81 with the L-shaped groove 72C in the same way that the larger the target, the easier it is to hit the ball there.

  In addition, even if the L-shaped groove 72C is clogged with the soil of the ground G, the L-shaped groove 72C is wide and the protrusion 81 can be easily engaged with the L-shaped groove 72C. The soil can be easily scraped off. This advantage is important considering that the soil sampler 60 must be operated with the penetration hole H inserted. In addition, since the soil sampler 60 is configured by adopting a simple and few parts mechanism such as the drill 70 and the pipe 80, it is hard to break and has excellent durability.

<Use>
Based on the above description, a specific method of using the soil sampler 60 will be described next.
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the procedure of the soil sampling method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, and FIGS. 7-1 and 2 are diagrams schematically showing the use state of the soil sampler according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention in order. is there.

  First, in step ST1 of FIG. 6, as shown in FIG. 7-1 (a), the penetration hole H is formed in the ground G to a position near the expected sampling depth by a screw point 90 connected to the lower end of the rod 10 of the Swedish sounding tester. Excavate. The screw point 90 is a screw point generally used in a Swedish sounding tester, and is different from the drill 70 of the soil sampler.

  Next, in step ST2, as shown in FIG. 7-1 (b), when the screw point 90 is pulled out from the penetration hole H, in step ST3, the screw point 90 is removed from the lower end of the rod 10, and the pipe as shown in FIG. The soil sampler 60 in which the drill 70 is housed and locked in 80 is connected to the lower end of the rod 10 by screwing a screw portion 72A as shown in FIG.

  Furthermore, it progresses to step ST4, and as shown to FIGS. 7-1 (d), the soil sampler 60 is slowly inserted in the penetration hole H in front of the sampling scheduled depth without rotation. Since the drill 70 is accommodated in the pipe 80, it is possible to prevent a situation where unnecessary undesired soil is mixed into the pipe 80 until the planned sampling depth is reached.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 7-1 (e), when the soil sampler 60 reaches the pre-sampling depth, the process proceeds to step ST5, and the soil sampler 60 is unlocked by a procedure reverse to that shown in FIG. The pipe 80 is separated. As described above, since the L-shaped groove 72C is composed of the axial groove 72C-1 and the circumferential groove 72C-2, the soil sampler 60 can be easily formed only by rotating and translating the rod 10 on the ground. Can be unlocked.

  When the lock is released, in step ST6, as shown in FIG. 7-2 (f), the upper end of the rod 10 is struck with a hammer or the like, and the drill 70 at the lower end of the rod 10 is lowered by several centimeters without rotation. A little from the lower end of the pipe 80. Subsequently, in step ST7, as shown in FIG. 7-2 (g), the rod 10 is rotated and the drill 70 is slowly fed out from the pipe 80 and lowered by several tens of centimeters. At this time, the soil between the spiral blades of the excavation part 71 is scraped off at the depth to be collected. Conventionally, there has been a case where the soil sampler cannot penetrate due to ground conditions such as hard ground. However, in the first embodiment, since the soil at the depth to be collected is scraped and collected by the drill 70, the ground such as the ground is hard. Soil quality can be sampled even under conditions, and efficient excavation and soil sampling can be performed regardless of whether it is sandy soil or viscous soil.

  When the soil at the planned depth is collected in this way, the process proceeds to step ST8, the rotation of the rod 10 is stopped, and the drill 70 is slowly pulled up and stored in the pipe 80 as shown in FIG. 7-2 (h). According to the procedure of 5, the pipe 80 and the drill 70 are locked.

  Here, as in the case of step ST5, the L-shaped groove 72C is composed of the axial groove 72C-1 and the circumferential groove 72C-2, so that only the rotation operation and the translation operation of the rod 10 on the ground can be performed. The soil sampler 60 can be easily locked.

  Further, since the two L-shaped grooves 72C and the two projecting portions 81 are rotationally symmetric with respect to the central axis Z, the arrangement balance of the L-shaped grooves 72C and the projecting portions 81 is balanced, and one set of the L-shaped grooves 72C and When the protrusion 81 is engaged, the other set of the L-shaped groove 72C and the protrusion 81 are also engaged at the same time, so that the lock operation becomes easier and the operability is improved as compared with the case where the protrusion 81 is not rotationally symmetric. Can do.

  Returning to the description of FIG. 6, in step ST <b> 9, the soil sampler 60 is pulled out from the penetration hole H as shown in FIG. 7-2 (i). As in the case of step ST4, since the drill 70 is housed in the pipe 80, it is possible to prevent a situation where unnecessary undesired soil is mixed into the pipe 80 before reaching the ground. it can.

  And since the soil sampler 60 is the structure which accommodates the drill 70 in the pipe 80, the blade (or groove | channel) formed in the excavation part 71 in the pipe 80 works so that collection soil may fall. Therefore, the collected soil is hardly dropped from the pipe 80 until the soil sampler 60 is pulled up to the ground, and the work efficiency of soil sampling can be improved as compared with the conventional soil sampler. As a result, it is possible to perform liquefaction determination with high accuracy based on reliable soil sampling.

  When the soil sampler 60 is pulled out from the penetration hole H in step ST9, finally, in step ST10, the soil sampler 60 is removed from the lower end of the rod 10 as shown in FIG. The collected soil is taken out from the drill 70 that has been removed.

<Summary>
As described above, according to the first embodiment, the penetration that is connected to the lower end of the rod 10 of the Swedish sounding tester instead of the screw point 90 and excavated in the ground G by the operation through the rod 10 from the ground. In the soil sampler 60 which is inserted into the hole H and performs soil sampling at a sampling depth, a connecting portion 72 at the upper end is a rod-like member connected to the lower end of the rod 10. A cylindrical member that accommodates and locks the drill 70 in the drill hole 70 between the ground and the penetration hole H between the ground and the depth before the planned sampling depth. The drill 70 is sent from the depth before the planned depth to the planned sampling depth, and the drill 70 in which the soil at the planned sampling depth is excavated is stored and locked. Since so and a flop 80, it is hardly worsen collected soil until raising the soil sampler 60 on the ground, there is an advantage that it improves the working efficiency.

  Further, according to the first embodiment, the soil sampler 60 connected to the lower end of the rod 10 of the Swedish sounding test machine instead of the screw point 90 is excavated in the ground G by the operation through the rod 10 from the ground. In the soil sampling method of inserting into the penetration hole H and sampling the soil at the depth to be collected, the rod-shaped drill 70 is housed and locked in the pipe 80 of the cylindrical member, and the screw portion 72A at the upper end of the drill 70 is locked. Step ST3 for connecting the drill 10 to the lower end of the rod 10, Step ST4 for inserting the drill 70 and the pipe 80 from the ground to the depth before the sampling depth of the penetration hole H, and unlocking the drill 70 housed in the pipe 80 The step of excavating the soil by the excavating unit 71 from the depth before the planned sampling depth to the planned sampling depth. Since it is provided with steps ST8 and ST9 for storing the ST70 to ST7 and the drill 70 excavating the soil of the depth to be collected inside the pipe 80 and locking it, and pulling it out from the penetration hole H to the ground, the soil sampler 60 The collected soil is hardly dropped before it is lifted to the ground, and the effect of improving work efficiency can be obtained.

  Further, according to the first embodiment, the drill 70 includes an axial groove 72C-1 formed in parallel to the central axis Z direction on the outer periphery of the cylindrical portion 72B on the upper end side thereof, and the axial groove 72C. -1 and two circumferential L-shaped grooves 72C-2 formed in the circumferential direction, and the pipe 80 engages with the L-shaped groove 72C on the inner periphery on the upper end side thereof. Since the two protrusions 81 to be obtained are provided and the drill 70 and the pipe 80 are locked by the engagement between the L-shaped groove 72C and the protrusion 81, only the rotation operation and the translation operation of the rod 10 on the ground can be performed. The soil sampler 60 can be easily locked / unlocked, and the operability can be improved.

  Furthermore, according to the first embodiment, the drill 70 is provided with two L-shaped grooves 72C so as to be twice rotationally symmetric with respect to the central axis Z, and the pipe 80 has two times with respect to the central axis Z. Since the two projecting portions 81 are provided so as to be rotationally symmetric, the arrangement balance between the L-shaped groove 72C and the projecting portion 81 can be achieved, and the operability can be improved.

<Modification>
In the above description, the L-shaped groove 72C is formed on the outer periphery of the drill 70 and the protrusion 81 is formed on the inner periphery of the pipe 80. However, the first embodiment is limited to this. It is not something. That is, these relations may be interchanged so that a protrusion is formed on the outer periphery of the drill 70 and an L-shaped groove is formed on the inner periphery of the pipe 80 so as to correspond thereto.

  In the above description, in consideration of the arrangement balance and operability, the drill 70 is formed with two L-shaped grooves 72C, and the pipe 80 is formed with two protrusions 81. Although two sets of the projections 81 are used, the first embodiment is not limited to this. The number of sets of the L-shaped groove 72C and the protrusion 81 may be at least one.

  Further, when N is a natural number of 2 or more, even when the number of the L-shaped grooves 72C and the protruding portions 81 provided in the drill 70 and the pipe 80 is N, the L-shaped grooves 72C and the protruding portions 81 are respectively centered. By providing the axis Z so as to be N-fold rotationally symmetric, the arrangement balance of the L-shaped groove 72C and the protrusion 81 can be achieved, and the operability can be improved.

  10 Rod, 20 Handle, 30 Weight, 40 Loading clamp, 50 Bottom plate, 60 Soil sampler, 70 Drill (drilling means), 71 Drilling part, 72 Connection part, 72A Screw part, 72B Cylindrical part, 72C L-shaped groove, 72C -1 axial groove, 72C-2 circumferential groove, 80 pipe (pipe means), 81 protrusion, 90 screw point, G ground, H penetration hole, Z central axis.

Claims (6)

In a soil sampler that is connected to the lower end of the above-mentioned rod of the ground testing machine that penetrates into the soil with a rod, and is inserted into the penetration hole excavated in the ground by operation through the rod from the ground and performs soil sampling at the planned sampling depth ,
A drill member whose upper end is connected to the lower end of the rod, and drills the soil at the sampling depth, and
A cylindrical member that accommodates and locks the drill means in the penetration hole between the ground and before the scheduled sampling depth, and unlocks the drill means accommodated therein to unlock the scheduled sampling depth. A soil sampler comprising: pipe means for sending out to the planned collection depth from before and storing and locking the drill means excavating the soil at the planned collection depth. The drill means has an L-shaped groove formed of an axial groove formed in parallel with the central axis direction on the outer periphery of the upper end side, and a circumferential groove formed in the circumferential direction connected to the axial groove; At least one of the protrusions that can engage with the L-shaped groove is provided,
The pipe means includes at least one of the L-shaped groove and the protrusion on the inner periphery on the upper end side thereof,
The soil sampler according to claim 1, wherein the drill means and the pipe means are locked by engagement of the L-shaped groove and the protrusion. When N is a natural number of 2 or more,
The drill means includes N pieces of L-shaped grooves and protrusions so as to be N times rotationally symmetric about the central axis,
3. The soil sampler according to claim 2, wherein the pipe means includes N pieces of the L-shaped groove and the protrusions so as to be N times rotationally symmetric with respect to the central axis thereof. The soil sampler connected to the lower end of the rod of the ground testing machine that penetrates into the soil with a rod is inserted into the penetration hole excavated in the ground by the operation through the rod from the ground, and the soil sampling at the expected sampling depth is performed In the soil sampling method,
Storing and locking the drill means of the rod-like member inside the pipe means of the cylindrical member, and connecting the upper end of the drill means to the lower end of the rod;
Inserting the drill means and the pipe means from the ground up to the depth before the sampling depth of the penetration hole;
Unlocking the drill means housed in the pipe means and excavating the soil from the depth before the planned sampling depth to the sampling depth;
A soil sampling method comprising the steps of: storing and locking the drill means excavating the soil at the depth to be collected inside the pipe means; and drawing the ground from the penetration hole to the ground. The drill means has an L-shaped groove formed on the outer periphery on the upper end side thereof, which is composed of an axial groove formed in parallel to the central axis direction and a circumferential groove formed in the circumferential direction in a row in the axial direction. Providing at least one of the protrusions that can be engaged with the L-shaped groove,
The pipe means is provided with at least one other of the L-shaped groove and the protrusion on the inner periphery on the upper end side thereof,
5. The soil sampling method according to claim 4, wherein the drill means and the pipe means are locked by engagement between the L-shaped groove and the protrusion. When N is a natural number of 2 or more,
The drill means is provided with one of the L-shaped grooves and the protrusions so as to be N times rotationally symmetric about the central axis,
6. The soil sampling method according to claim 5, wherein the pipe means is provided with N of the L-shaped grooves and the protrusions so as to be N times rotationally symmetric about the central axis.

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