JP2017047491A - Cutting insert - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cutting insert which is stably driven and rotated during cutting work, can prolong tool life, has a simple structure to contribute to downsizing of a tool, can stably supply a coolant to a cutting edge, and can enhance a cooling effect.SOLUTION: A disk-like cutting insert 3 having a circular cutting edge extending around an insert axis C comprises: a front surface; a rear surface; an outer peripheral surface 11 connecting peripheral edges of the front surface and the rear surface to each other; and the cutting edge formed on an intersecting ridge line between the front surface and the outer peripheral surface 11. The outer peripheral surface 11 comprises a fluid guide surface 17 formed along an insert circumferential direction around the insert axis C, and a fluid collision surface 18 connected to an end edge of the fluid guide surface 17 in the insert circumferential direction and formed so as to extend from the end edge outward in an insert radial direction orthogonal to the insert axis C.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 13

Description

  The present invention relates to a disk-shaped cutting insert that is used in a cutting edge rotating cutting tool such as a cutting edge rotating milling tool and a cutting edge rotating turning tool, and is rotatably mounted on an insert mounting seat of a tool body.

Conventionally, cutting edge rotating cutting tools such as a cutting edge rotating milling tool for milling (turning) a workpiece made of a metal material and a cutting edge rotating turning tool for turning (turning) are known. ing.
The cutting edge rotary cutting tool has a tool body and a cutting insert. The cutting insert has a disc shape and has a circular cutting edge extending around the insert axis. The tool body has an insert mounting seat on which the cutting insert is mounted so as to be rotatable (rotatable) around the insert axis.

For example, in Patent Document 1 below, a cutting insert having a disk shape and a cutting edge on the outer peripheral edge of an insert mounting seat formed on the outer periphery of the tip of a tool body that rotates about a tool axis is provided around the insert axis. A blade-rotating milling tool that is mounted so as to be freely rotatable is disclosed.
In this type of cutting edge rotating milling tool, the force (cutting force or cutting resistance) received by the cutting edge when the cutting insert cuts into the work material during cutting, and the component of the cutting edge force or edge force is applied. The cutting insert is driven to rotate about the insert axis relative to the insert mounting seat. Thereby, it is suppressed that only the predetermined part of a cutting blade is continuously used for cutting, and the fall of the partial sharpness of this cutting blade, a blade tip defect, etc. are prevented.

  And in patent document 1, the turbine (impeller) is connected so that it may become coaxial with a cutting insert, and the rotation of a cutting insert is assisted by ejecting and rotating coolant with respect to this turbine.

  On the other hand, the following Patent Document 2 discloses a non-rotating (blade fixed) milling tool that is not a cutting edge rotating type. In this milling tool, a plurality of anti-rotation surfaces are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the cutting insert at intervals in the circumferential direction, and the anti-rotation surfaces abut against the protruding surface of the insert mounting seat of the tool body. By being stopped, the cutting insert is restricted from rotating around the insert axis with respect to the insert mounting seat.

  In other words, in Patent Document 2, the object is to “do not rotate the cutting insert” contrary to Patent Document 1. In such a blade-tip-fixed milling tool, only a predetermined portion of the cutting edge is continuously subjected to cutting, so that the partial sharpness of the cutting edge, the cutting edge defect, and the like are likely to occur.

JP 2010-94792 A Special table 2012-525268 gazette

By the way, in the cutting insert of the conventional cutting edge rotation type cutting tool like the said patent document 1, it had the following subject.
In Patent Document 1, since the turbine is connected to the cutting insert, the structure is complicated, and the components are large, so it is difficult to reduce the size of the tool. Moreover, since the coolant is ejected to the turbine, it is difficult to obtain the effect of cooling the cutting insert. In addition, it is difficult to stably supply coolant to the cutting edge.
Further, in this type of cutting edge rotary cutting tool, there is room for improvement in extending the tool life by more stably assisting the driven rotation of the cutting insert.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and is stably driven and rotated during cutting, can extend the tool life, and has a simple structure and contributes to downsizing of the tool. An object of the present invention is to provide a cutting insert that can stably supply coolant to the cutting edge and can enhance the cooling effect.

In order to solve such problems and achieve the above object, the present invention proposes the following means.
That is, the present invention is a cutting insert having a disk shape and having a circular cutting edge extending around the insert axis, the front surface, the back surface, and the outer peripheral surface connecting the peripheral edges of the front surface and the back surface, The cutting edge formed on the intersecting ridge line between the surface and the outer peripheral surface, and the outer peripheral surface is formed along the insert circumferential direction around the insert axis, and the fluid A fluid impingement surface that is connected to an end edge of the guide surface in the insert circumferential direction and is formed so as to extend outward from the end edge in the insert radial direction perpendicular to the insert axis.

  With a cutting edge rotary cutting tool equipped with this cutting insert, during cutting, the cutting insert cuts into the work material with the cutting edge, and the force received from the work material at this time (cutting force or cutting resistance is the cutting edge force. In other words, the cutting insert is driven to rotate about the insert axis relative to the insert mounting seat.

Then, according to the cutting insert of the present invention, the outer peripheral surface of the cutting insert is connected to the fluid guide surface formed along the insert circumferential direction, and the edge of the fluid guide surface in the insert circumferential direction, And a fluid collision surface that rises from the edge toward the outside in the insert radial direction. For this reason, by supplying a fluid such as a liquid or a gas through the inside of the tool body or from the outside of the tool toward the outer peripheral surface of the cutting insert, the fluid flows on the fluid guide surface and flows into the fluid collision surface. It is made to collide with.
In addition, although it is preferable to use a coolant (oil-based or water-soluble cutting fluid) as this fluid, other fluids may be used.

  The fluid collided with the fluid collision surface acts to rotate the cutting insert around the insert axis. That is, by supplying a fluid to the outer peripheral surface of the cutting insert, a rotational force around the insert axis can be generated for the cutting insert. And this rotational force can assist the driven rotation of the cutting insert.

  Thus, by assisting the driven rotation of the cutting insert, the cutting insert can be stably driven and rotated, and the rotation speed of the cutting insert can be stably increased. Thereby, it becomes possible to raise the processing speed of cutting, and processing efficiency improves. Moreover, it is reliably prevented that only a predetermined part of the cutting edge is continuously used for cutting, and the tool life can be extended.

  Further, the outer peripheral surface of the cutting insert is not formed by a single surface such as a cylindrical outer peripheral surface or a conical outer peripheral surface, but is formed by a plurality of surfaces including at least a fluid guide surface and a fluid collision surface. Therefore, a large surface area of the outer peripheral surface is ensured. For this reason, since the fluid flows while being brought into contact with a wide range on the outer peripheral surface of the cutting insert, the heat (cutting heat) of the cutting insert increased by the cutting process is efficiently exchanged with the fluid. can do. Therefore, the effect of cooling the cutting insert is enhanced. In particular, since the cutting edge is located at the boundary (cross ridge line) between the outer peripheral surface and the surface of the cutting insert, the vicinity of the cutting edge can be efficiently cooled by supplying fluid to the outer peripheral surface of the cutting insert. Is possible.

Furthermore, when coolant is used as the fluid, the cutting edge located on the intersecting ridge line between the front surface and the outer peripheral surface of the cutting insert surface (rake surface) and back surface (seat surface on the insert mounting seat) The coolant can be supplied stably.
Specifically, the outer peripheral surface of the cutting insert functions as a flank during cutting. For this reason, according to the present invention, it is possible to stably supply the coolant from the flank to the cutting edge while providing the effect of assisting the driven rotation by supplying the coolant to the flank. . In other words, at the time of cutting, chips generated by cutting with the cutting edge flow on the rake face (surface) of the cutting insert, so the coolant supply from the rake face to the cutting edge depends on the chips. Although it becomes easy to be hindered, the supply of coolant from the flank (outer circumferential surface) to the cutting edge is not hindered by chips. Therefore, it is possible to stably supply the coolant to the cutting edge. In addition, this makes it possible to remarkably suppress cutting edge breakage, welding, wear, and the like of the cutting edge, extend the tool life, and stably maintain high-quality cutting.

  And in this invention, the above-mentioned outstanding effect can be acquired with the simple structure of forming a fluid guide surface and a fluid collision surface in the outer peripheral surface of a cutting insert. Moreover, since it is not necessary to connect other parts such as a conventional turbine to the cutting insert, the tool can be easily downsized.

  As described above, according to the cutting insert of the present invention, it can be stably driven and rotated at the time of cutting, the tool life can be extended, the structure is simple, and the tool can be reduced in size. Therefore, the coolant can be stably supplied, and the cooling effect can be enhanced.

  In the cutting insert of the present invention, the fluid collision surface is connected to an edge on one side in the insert circumferential direction of the fluid guide surface, and the fluid collision surface is connected to the edge of the fluid guide surface. As it goes to the outer side of the insert radial direction, it rises inclined toward the other side of the insert circumferential direction, or rises toward the outer side of the insert radial direction along the insert radial direction. Is preferred.

  In this case, the fluid collision surface is connected to one end edge in the insert circumferential direction of the fluid guide surface, and is inclined toward the other side in the insert circumferential direction from this connection portion toward the outside in the insert radial direction. Rotational force obtained when the fluid that has flowed on the fluid guide surface collides with the fluid collision surface (force that assists the driven rotation of the cutting insert) Can be largely secured. Accordingly, the above-described operational effects of the present invention become more remarkable.

  Further, in the cutting insert of the present invention, a concave portion is formed on the outer peripheral surface, and the concave portion has the fluid guide surface facing outward in the insert radial direction and the fluid collision surface facing the insert circumferential direction. And the fluid guide surface is connected from the back surface in the insert axial direction to the edge on the front surface side, and is formed so as to go from the end edge to the outside in the insert radial direction, and in the insert axial direction. It is preferable to have a fluid receiving surface facing the back surface side from the front surface.

  In this case, when a fluid is supplied to the outer peripheral surface of the cutting insert, the fluid flows into the concave portion of the outer peripheral surface. The fluid that has flowed into the recess is caused to collide with the fluid collision surface while flowing along the fluid guide surface and the fluid receiving surface. That is, when the fluid flows into the recess, the fluid efficiently flows toward the fluid collision surface and stably collides with the fluid collision surface. Therefore, the amount of the fluid colliding with the fluid collision surface can be stably increased, and the above-described operation effect of the present invention becomes more remarkable.

  In the cutting insert of the present invention, the fluid collision surface is connected to an edge on one side in the insert circumferential direction of the fluid guide surface, and is directed from the front surface in the insert axial direction toward the back surface side. Accordingly, it is preferable to extend while being inclined toward one side in the circumferential direction of the insert, or to extend parallel to the insert axis.

In this case, the fluid collision surface is connected to the edge on one side in the insert circumferential direction on the fluid guide surface, and is inclined and extended toward one side in the insert circumferential direction from the front surface in the insert axial direction toward the back surface side. Or extending parallel to the insert axis, a remarkable effect can be obtained particularly when a coolant is used as the fluid.
That is, in order to obtain a large rotational force (a force that assists the driven rotation of the cutting insert) by colliding the coolant (fluid) against the inclined fluid collision surface, a coolant supplied to the outer peripheral surface of the cutting insert is used. Although it is preferable to cause the fluid to collide by flowing in a direction perpendicular to the fluid collision surface, the coolant easily reaches the cutting edge while flowing on the outer peripheral surface.

  That is, the effect of increasing the rotational force of the cutting insert by the fluid that collides with the fluid collision surface and the effect that the coolant can be stably supplied to the cutting edge can be obtained together. Accordingly, it is possible to efficiently cool the vicinity of the cutting edge while stably assisting the driven rotation of the cutting insert, and it is possible to remarkably suppress cutting edge defects, welding, wear, etc. of the cutting edge and extend the tool life. At the same time, the cutting accuracy can be stably maintained at a high quality.

  In the case of the above-described configuration, when the cutting insert is manufactured, the die after forming the fluid collision surface is formed, for example, when a compact made of cemented carbide is pressed by a die from the insert axial direction. Since it can be easily extracted in the insert axial direction, the manufacturability is also improved.

  According to the cutting insert of the present invention, the driven rotation can be stably performed at the time of cutting, the tool life can be extended, the structure is simple and it can contribute to the miniaturization of the tool, and the coolant is applied to the cutting edge. A stable supply can be achieved and the cooling effect can be enhanced.

It is a perspective view which shows the blade-tip rotary milling tool which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention, and is the figure which looked at this blade-tip rotary milling tool from the central-axis direction of the opening part of the through-hole of a tool main body in detail. FIG. 2 is a front view showing the cutting edge rotating milling tool in FIG. 1 (a view of the cutting edge rotating milling tool as viewed from the distal end in the tool axis direction toward the proximal end side). It is a side view which shows the blade-tip-rotation type milling tool of FIG. 1, and is also the insert front view which looked at the cutting insert from the insert axial direction. It is a side view which shows the blade-tip-rotation type milling tool of FIG. 1, and is also an insert side view which saw the cutting insert from the insert radial direction orthogonal to the insert axis. It is a perspective view which shows the cutting insert. It is a perspective view which shows the cutting insert. It is a front view which shows the cutting insert. It is the side view which looked at the cutting insert of FIG. 7 from A arrow direction. It is the side view which looked at the cutting insert of FIG. 7 from the B arrow direction. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the cutting insert in the cross section containing an insert axis line. It is a rear view of a cutting insert. It is a side view explaining the angle and distance (length) of a cutting insert. It is a cross-sectional view (cross-sectional view perpendicular to the insert axis) for explaining the angle of the cutting insert. It is a cross-sectional view showing a modification of the cutting insert. It is a cross-sectional view showing a modification of the cutting insert. It is a perspective view which shows the blade-tip rotary milling tool which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention, and is the figure which looked at this blade-tip rotary milling tool from the central-axis direction of the opening part of the through-hole of a tool main body in detail. FIG. 17 is a front view showing the cutting edge rotating milling tool of FIG. 16 (a view of the cutting edge rotating milling tool viewed from the distal end in the tool axis direction toward the proximal end side). It is a side view which shows the blade-tip-rotation type milling tool of FIG. 16, and is also the insert front view which looked at the cutting insert from the insert axial direction. FIG. 17 is a side view showing the cutting edge rotating milling tool of FIG. 16, and is also an insert side view of the cutting insert as seen from the insert radial direction orthogonal to the insert axis. It is a cross-sectional view showing a modification of the cutting insert.

<First Embodiment>
Hereinafter, a cutting edge rotating milling tool (cutting edge rotating cutting tool) 1 and a cutting insert 3 according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

[Schematic configuration of cutting edge rotating milling tool]
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the cutting edge rotating milling tool 1 of the present embodiment includes a tool body 2 made of steel or the like, a cutting insert 3 made of a hard material such as cemented carbide, The disc-shaped cutting insert 3 is rotatable around the insert axis C (rotatable) on the insert mounting seat 4 formed on the outer periphery of the tip of the tool body 2 that is rotated around the tool axis O. ) And is detachably mounted.
The cutting insert 3 is a so-called round piece insert having a circular cutting edge 5 extending around the insert axis C. The cutting insert 3 attached to the insert mounting seat 4 is arranged such that the cutting edge 5 protrudes to the tip side and the radially outer side of the tool body 2.

The cutting edge rotating milling tool 1 has a base end portion (shank portion) of a tool body 2 attached to a spindle (not shown) of a machine tool and is rotated in a tool rotation direction T around a tool axis O, so that metal Rolling (milling) a work material such as material.
This cutting edge rotating milling tool 1 is a force that the cutting blade 5 receives when the cutting insert 3 cuts into the work material (cutting force or cutting resistance, including the component of the cutting edge force or edge force). This is a rotary milling tool in which the cutting insert 3 is driven (passively) around the insert axis C with respect to the insert mounting seat 4.

[Definition of direction (direction) used in this specification]
In the present specification, the direction from the shank portion toward the insert mounting seat 4 in the tool axis O direction (direction along the tool axis O) of the tool body 2 is the tool tip side (the lower side in FIGS. 3 and 4). The direction from the insert mounting seat 4 toward the shank portion is referred to as the tool base end side (the upper side in FIGS. 3 and 4).
A direction perpendicular to the tool axis O is referred to as a tool radial direction. Of the tool radial directions, a direction approaching the tool axis O is referred to as an inner side of the tool radial direction, and a direction away from the tool axis O is defined as a tool radial direction. It is called outside.
Further, the direction around the tool axis O is referred to as the tool circumferential direction, and the direction in which the tool body 2 is rotated by the main spindle of the machine tool during cutting is referred to as the tool rotation direction T. The opposite rotation direction is referred to as the side opposite to the tool rotation direction T (counter tool rotation direction).

Further, the direction in which the insert axis C of the cutting insert 3 extends (the direction along the insert axis C) is referred to as the insert axis C direction, and the side view of the cutting insert 3 shown in FIG. The direction from the front surface 9 facing the tool rotation direction T of the cutting insert 3 toward the back surface 10 seated on the insert mounting seat 4 is referred to as the back surface 10 side from the front surface 9 in the insert axis C direction. The back surface 10 in the direction of the insert axis C is referred to as the front surface 9 side.
Moreover, the direction orthogonal to the insert axis C is referred to as the insert radial direction. Of the insert radial directions, the direction approaching the insert axis C is referred to as the inside of the insert radial direction, and the direction away from the insert axis C is the insert radial direction. It is called outside.

Moreover, the direction which circulates around the insert axis C is referred to as the insert circumferential direction, and the direction in which the cutting insert 3 is driven to rotate by the force received from the work material during cutting is referred to as the insert rotation direction R. The direction of rotation opposite to this is referred to as the side opposite to the insert rotation direction R (anti-insert rotation direction). In this embodiment, the insert rotation direction R is one side in the insert circumferential direction, and the opposite side to the insert rotation direction R is the other side in the insert circumferential direction.
In the present embodiment, in the front view (insert front view) of the cutting insert 3 shown in FIG. 3, the insert rotation direction R is counterclockwise, and the anti-insert rotation direction is clockwise.

(Tool body)
1 to 4, the tool body 2 has a columnar shape or a disk shape, and is rotated around a tool axis O that is a central axis thereof by a main shaft of a machine tool or the like. In the example of the present embodiment, the tool body 2 has a cylindrical shape, and a portion (shank portion) other than the tip portion is formed to have a larger diameter than the tip portion (blade portion) of the tool body 2. Yes.

A plurality of chip pockets 6 are formed in the outer periphery of the tip of the tool body 2 so as to be cut out in a concave shape from the outer periphery of the tip, spaced from each other in the tool circumferential direction.
In these chip pockets 6, insert mounting seats 4 to which the cutting inserts 3 are detachably mounted are provided on the wall surfaces facing the tool rotation direction T, respectively. Further, a through hole 8 is opened in the chip pocket 6 toward the cutting insert 3 attached to the insert mounting seat 4.

[Through hole]
The through-hole 8 formed in the tool body 2 extends through the tool body 2 along the direction of the tool axis O and passes through the tool body 2. The base end of the through hole 8 is connected to a fluid supply means (not shown) through a main shaft of a machine tool mounted on the shank portion of the tool body 2, and the distal end thereof opens to the chip pocket 6.

A fluid such as liquid and gas flows from the fluid supply means into the through-hole 8, and the fluid flows in the through-hole 8 toward the tip of the tool, and the through-hole 8 enters the tip pocket 6. From the opening part 8c, it ejects toward the outer peripheral surface 11 of the cutting insert 3. FIG.
That is, the tool body 2 of the present embodiment is formed with a through hole 8 that opens toward the outer peripheral surface 11 of the cutting insert 3.
In this embodiment, the fluid is a coolant (oil-based or water-soluble cutting fluid), and the fluid supply means is a coolant supply means.

  The through-hole 8 is open to the base end surface of the tool body 2 and communicates with the stem hole 8a extending from the base end surface toward the tool tip side on the tool axis O, and the tip of the stem hole 8a. And a branch hole 8b extending toward the chip pocket 6.

  The leading end of the trunk hole 8a is a stop hole, and a branch hole 8b having a smaller diameter than the trunk hole 8a is opened at the bottom surface located at the leading end of the trunk hole 8a. An opening 8 c that is located at the tip of the branch hole 8 b and opens into the chip pocket 6 faces the outer peripheral surface 11 of the cutting insert 3.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3, the cutting insert 3 is viewed from the direction of the insert axis C (in the following description, this illustration may be referred to as “insert front view”), and the opening 8 c of the through hole 8. The center axis L (the center axis L of the branch hole 8b) intersects the outer peripheral surface 11 of the cutting insert 3 and is disposed so as not to pass on the insert axis C.
Moreover, the opening part 8c of the through-hole 8 is arrange | positioned inside the tool radial direction with respect to the insert axis C by this insert front view.

  In the present embodiment, in the front view of the insert shown in FIG. 3, the central axis L of the opening 8c of the through-hole 8 gradually extends toward the outer side in the tool radial direction as it goes toward the tool tip side. . In addition, when viewed from the front of the insert, the center axis L and the tool axis O intersect between the proximal end portion (connection portion with the trunk hole 8a) of the branch hole 8b and the distal end portion (opening portion 8c).

  In addition, in the front view of the insert of FIG. 3, a virtual straight line connecting the end 5a on the tool tip side of the cutting edge 5 of the cutting insert 3 and the insert axis C is defined as a first virtual straight line VL1, and the through hole 8 The first virtual straight line VL1 and the second virtual straight line VL2 are defined as a virtual straight line connecting the center axis L of the opening 8c and the intersection CP of the outer peripheral surface 11 of the cutting insert 3 and the insert axis C. The central angle θ formed between the virtual straight line VL2 is, for example, 0 to 150 °.

  Further, when viewed from the side of the tool body 2 shown in FIG. 4 and when the cutting insert 3 is viewed from the direction orthogonal to the insert axis C (in the side view of the insert), the central axis L of the opening 8c of the through hole 8 is As it goes to the tool tip side, it gradually extends in the direction of tool rotation T. Further, the central axis L of the opening 8c of the through hole 8 gradually extends from the back surface 10 in the direction of the insert axis C toward the front surface 9 as it goes from the opening 8c toward the cutting insert 3.

  In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the through hole 8 is formed on the wall surface facing the outside in the tool radial direction in the chip pocket 6 (the wall surface located at the inner end portion in the tool radial direction in the chip pocket 6). A groove 8d is formed so as to continue to the tool tip side (fluid ejection direction) of the opening 8c. In other words, the opening 8c of the branch hole 8b is opened so as to be obliquely cut out on the wall surface of the chip pocket 6, and thereby the groove 8d is formed to be continuous with the tip side of the opening 8c. The groove 8 d extends along the outer peripheral surface 11 of the cutting insert 3.

The groove portion 8d has a portion around the central axis L (in the present embodiment, the inner portion in the tool radial direction) of the inner peripheral surface of the opening portion 8c of the through hole 8 facing the tool tip side along the central axis L. It is formed to extend and is smoothly connected to the opening 8c without a step. Further, the opening of the groove portion 8 d (the portion opposite to the groove bottom) is opposed to the outer peripheral surface 11 of the cutting insert 3 and is disposed close to the outer peripheral surface 11.
In the example of the present embodiment, the end portion of the groove portion 8d on the tool front end side does not open to the front end surface of the tool main body 2, and the wall surface located at the inner end portion in the tool radial direction of the tip pocket 6 Although it cuts up so that it may go to the outer peripheral surface 11 of the cutting insert 3, it is not limited to this, The edge part by the side of the tool front end of the groove part 8d may open to the front end surface of the tool main body 2. .

(Insert mounting seat)
The insert mounting seat 4 has a mounting surface 4a formed on the wall surface of the chip pocket 6 facing the tool rotation direction T, a support shaft mounting hole (not shown) opened in the mounting surface 4a, and a circle provided on the mounting surface 4a. The plate-shaped sheet member 4b is mounted in the support shaft mounting hole, and is inserted into the mounting hole 14 (see FIG. 5 and the like) of the cutting insert 3 and the hole (not shown) of the sheet member 4b. And a support shaft 4c that is rotatably supported around the insert axis C.

The mounting surface 4 a is formed in a substantially circular flat shape corresponding to the shape of the back surface 10 of the cutting insert 3.
In the side view of the tool body 2 shown in FIG. 4 (side view of the insert mounting seat 4), the mounting surface 4a is gradually inclined toward the side opposite to the tool rotation direction T toward the tool tip side.
Further, in the front view of the tool main body 2 shown in FIG. 2, the mounting surface 4a is gradually inclined toward the side opposite to the tool rotation direction T as it goes outward in the tool radial direction.

  Although not shown in particular, the support shaft mounting hole is located substantially at the center of the mounting surface 4a, and is formed to extend perpendicular to the mounting surface 4a. An internal thread portion is formed in the support shaft mounting hole, and the external thread portion of the support shaft 4c is screwed to the internal thread portion. In the present embodiment, a screw member such as a clamp screw is used as the support shaft 4c. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the support shaft 4c is fitted to the support shaft mounting hole other than by screwing. The pin member etc. which are attached by may be sufficient.

The sheet member 4b has a disk shape. A hole through which the support shaft 4c is inserted is formed at the radial center (on the insert axis C) of the sheet member 4b.
In the example of the present embodiment, a plurality of sheet members 4 b are provided, and these sheet members 4 b are overlapped with each other in the direction of the insert axis C, and are interposed between the mounting surface 4 a and the cutting insert 3. Of these sheet members 4b, at least the sheet member 4b brought into contact with the back surface 10 of the cutting insert 3 can be rotated around the insert axis C with respect to the cutting insert 3 and the mounting surface 4a. preferable.

  The support shaft 4c is inserted into the mounting hole 14 of the cutting insert 3 and the hole of the sheet member 4b and attached to the support shaft mounting hole, and is connected to the shaft portion. The head has a diameter larger than the inner diameter of the mounting hole 14 and is disposed with a gap between the surface 9 of the cutting insert 3. The central axis of the support shaft 4c is arranged coaxially with the insert axis C.

[Cutting insert]
As shown in FIGS. 5 to 13, the cutting insert 3 connects the front surface 9 and the back surface 10 that intersect the insert axis C (substantially orthogonal to the insert axis C) and the peripheral edges of the front surface 9 and the back surface 10. It has the outer peripheral surface 11 and the cutting edge 5 formed in the intersection ridgeline of the surface 9 and the outer peripheral surface 11.
The “surface 9 and back surface 10 intersecting the insert axis C” as used herein is not limited to the configuration in which the insert axis C directly intersects the surface 9 and the back surface 10, as in the present embodiment. Furthermore, the insert axis C includes a configuration in which the insert axis C passes through the centers (virtual centers) of the front surface 9 and the back surface 10 while being located in the mounting hole 14 that opens to the front surface 9 and the back surface 10. .

[Front, back, mounting holes]
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the front surface 9 of the front surface 9 and the rear surface 10 faces the tool rotation direction T in a state where the cutting insert 3 is mounted on the insert mounting seat 4 of the tool body 2. It arrange | positions, and the back surface 10 is arrange | positioned so that it may face the opposite side to the tool rotation direction T, and is seated on the sheet | seat member 4b of the insert attachment seat 4.

  5 to 10, the peripheral edge of the surface 9 has a circular shape extending along the circumferential direction of the insert, and a cutting edge 5 disposed on a virtual plane (not shown) perpendicular to the insert axis C is formed. Yes. The cutting edge 5 protrudes from the back surface 10 in the direction of the insert axis C toward the front surface 9 side than the portion other than the cutting edge 5 on the front surface 9. That is, in this embodiment, the cutting edge 5 is formed so as to protrude from the rear surface 10 in the insert axis C direction toward the front surface 9 side on the front surface 9.

  Further, the inner surface of the cutting edge 5 in the insert radial direction on the surface 9 is tapered so as to gradually incline from the surface 9 in the insert axis C direction toward the rear surface 10 side toward the inner side in the insert radial direction from the cutting edge 5. A rake face 12 is formed. Specifically, a portion of the surface 9 that is adjacently disposed on the inner side in the insert radial direction of the cutting edge 5 is a rake face 12.

  5, 7, and 10, a portion of the surface 9 located inside the rake face 12 in the insert radial direction includes two flat portions 13 and 15 perpendicular to the insert axis C, and these flat portions 13. , 15 and the inner peripheral wall 16 parallel to the insert axis C are formed.

  The flat portions 13 and 15 each have a circular ring shape. Of these flat portions 13 and 15, the flat portion 13 adjacent to the inside of the rake face 12 in the insert radial direction functions as a breaker on which chips flowing on the rake face 12 are caused to collide. The diameter of the flat surface portion 13 is larger than the diameter of the flat surface portion (head contact portion) 15 located on the inner side in the insert radial direction than the flat surface portion 13. The inner peripheral wall (head accommodating part) 16 connects the inner peripheral edge in the insert radial direction of the large-diameter flat part 13 and the outer peripheral edge in the insert radial direction of the small-diameter flat part 15 in the insert axis C direction. Yes.

  In the present embodiment, a screw member (or a pin member) is used as the support shaft 4c that rotatably supports the cutting insert 3 in the insert mounting seat 4, and a head having a large diameter on the support shaft 4c ( Of the shaft portion (screw shaft) having a small diameter, the head portion is housed inside the inner peripheral wall 16 in the insert radial direction (see FIGS. 2 and 10). Further, the head of the support shaft 4c can be brought into contact with the flat surface portion 15 from the front surface 9 in the insert axis C direction toward the back surface 10 side, and slightly between the flat surface portion 15 at the time of cutting. Arranged with a gap.

A mounting hole 14 that penetrates the cutting insert 3 in the direction of the insert axis C is opened inside the flat portion 15 in the insert radial direction. The shaft portion of the support shaft 4 c is inserted through the mounting hole 14.
The mounting hole 14 is formed coaxially with the insert axis C, extends on the insert axis C, and opens on the front surface 9 and the back surface 10. In the example of the present embodiment, the mounting hole 14 has a multi-stage cylindrical hole shape, and has a large diameter portion 14a that opens to the surface 9, and the surface 9 in the insert axis C direction from the large diameter portion 14a to the back surface 10 side. And a small-diameter portion 14b to be arranged. That is, the mounting hole 14 includes a large diameter portion 14a and a small diameter portion 14b in this order from the front surface 9 in the insert axis C direction to the rear surface 10 side, and the diameter thereof is gradually reduced.

The inner diameter of the large diameter portion 14a of the mounting hole 14 is smaller than the outer diameter of the head of the support shaft 4c. The inner diameter of the small diameter portion 14b is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the shaft portion of the support shaft 4c.
Although not particularly illustrated, a compression coil spring (biasing member) that can be elastically deformed in the direction of the insert axis C may be disposed in the large-diameter portion 14a. When a compression coil spring is provided in the large diameter portion 14a, the shaft portion of the support shaft 4c is inserted into the compression coil spring. Further, both ends of the compression coil spring in the direction of the insert axis C are in contact with the head portion of the support shaft 4c and the step portion 14c that is located between the large diameter portion 14a and the small diameter portion 14b and connects them. As a result, the flat portion 15 of the surface 9 of the cutting insert 3 is biased in a direction away from the surface 9 in the insert axis C direction toward the back surface 10 side with respect to the head of the support shaft 4c. During processing, the cutting insert 3 is pressed against the insert mounting seat 4, and rattling of the cutting insert 3 is prevented. In addition, the compression coil spring may not be provided, and in this case, the large-diameter portion 14a of the mounting hole 14 may not be formed.

  In the illustrated example, a portion of the mounting hole 14 that is located on the back surface 10 side from the front surface 9 in the insert axis C direction with respect to the small diameter portion 14b is formed to have a larger diameter than the small diameter portion 14b. 10 is open.

  The back surface 10 is a seating surface that sits on the surface of the sheet member 4b (the surface facing the cutting insert 3 side). In the example of the present embodiment, the back surface 10 (sitting surface) of the cutting insert 3 is also a plane perpendicular to the insert axis C, corresponding to the surface of the sheet member 4b being a plane perpendicular to the insert axis C. It has a shape.

[Outer peripheral surface and mounting posture of the cutting insert to the tool body, etc.]
The outer peripheral surface 11 has an outer peripheral edge (the outer peripheral edge of the front surface 9) in the insert radial direction on the surface 9 and an outer peripheral edge (the outer peripheral edge of the rear surface 10) in the insert radial direction on the rear surface 10 along the insert axis C direction. Are connected. Of the outer peripheral surface 11 of the cutting insert 3, at least a portion adjacent to the cutting edge 5 is a flank.

  In the present embodiment, the outer peripheral surface 11 is formed in parallel to the insert axis C and has a substantially cylindrical surface shape with the insert axis C as the center. In addition, the outer peripheral surface 11 may be inclined toward the outer side in the insert radial direction from the cutting edge 5 toward the back surface 10 side from the front surface 9 in the insert axis C direction. In any case, in the cutting insert 3 alone (in a state where the cutting insert 3 is not attached to the tool body 2), the clearance angle of the flank (outer peripheral surface 11) of the cutting edge 5 is negative (0 ° or negative). ).

Although not particularly illustrated, the outer peripheral surface 11 may be inclined toward the inner side in the insert radial direction from the cutting edge 5 toward the back surface 10 side from the front surface 9 in the insert axis C direction. In this case, in the cutting insert 3 alone, the clearance angle of the flank (outer peripheral surface 11) of the cutting edge 5 is a positive angle (positive angle).
Further, the outer peripheral surface 11 is inclined toward the outer side in the insert radial direction from the cutting edge 5 toward the back surface 10 side from the front surface 9 in the insert axis C direction, and then at a portion away from the cutting edge 5 at the insert axis C. You may incline toward the inner side of insert radial direction as it goes to the back surface 10 side from the surface 9 of a direction. That is, the outer peripheral surface 11 may have a so-called drum shape in which an intermediate portion located between both end portions is larger in diameter than both end portions in the insert axis C direction.
Further, the outer peripheral surface 11 is inclined toward the inner side in the insert radial direction from the cutting edge 5 toward the back surface 10 side from the front surface 9 in the insert axis C direction, and then at a portion away from the cutting edge 5 at the insert axis C. You may incline toward the outer side of insert radial direction as it goes to the back surface 10 side from the surface 9 of a direction. That is, the outer peripheral surface 11 may have a so-called constricted shape in which an intermediate portion located between both end portions has a smaller diameter than both end portions in the insert axis C direction.

  However, when the cutting insert 3 is mounted on the tool body 2 as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 (that is, when the cutting insert 3 is used as a cutting edge 5 of the cutting edge rotating milling tool 1 for cutting). ) The clearance angle of the flank face of the cutting edge 5 is set to a positive angle with respect to the work surface of the work material regardless of whether the clearance angle of the cutting insert 3 alone is negative or positive. .

  Specifically, in the front view of the cutting edge rotating milling tool 1 shown in FIG. 2, the clearance angle of the portion of the cutting edge 5 located at the outer edge in the tool radial direction is positive, and the cutting edge shown in FIG. In the side view of the rotary milling tool 1, the clearance angle of the portion of the cutting edge 5 located at the tool tip edge is positive. Although not particularly illustrated, the clearance angle of the arcuate portion of the cutting edge 5 located between the outer edge in the tool radial direction and the tool tip edge is also positive.

  As shown in FIGS. 5 to 13, the outer peripheral surface 11 of the cutting insert 3 is formed at the fluid guide surface 17 formed along the insert circumferential direction and the edge of the fluid guide surface 17 in the insert circumferential direction. And a fluid collision surface 18 formed so as to extend from the end edge to the outside in the insert radial direction.

  Specifically, a plurality of recesses 20 are formed on the outer peripheral surface 11 of the cutting insert 3 at intervals in the insert circumferential direction. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, when the cutting insert 3 is mounted on the tool body 2, the recess 20 is ejected from the opening 8 c of the through hole 8 in the outer peripheral surface 11 of the cutting insert 3. It arrange | positions corresponding to the site | part with which a fluid is made to collide. That is, the recess 20 is formed so that it can be disposed on an extension line of the central axis L of the opening 8c when the cutting insert 3 is driven to rotate and the recess 20 is disposed close to the opening 8c of the through hole 8. ing.

  The recess 20 is open to the outer peripheral surface 11 and the back surface 10 of the cutting insert 3 and is not open to the front surface 9, that is, the cutting edge 5 is not divided by the recess 20. As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the recess 20 has a substantially trapezoidal hole shape or notch shape in a side view of the insert.

  The length (height) of the recess 20 in the insert axis C direction is gradually increased toward the insert rotation direction R. As shown in FIG. 12, the distance Z between the recess 20 and the cutting edge 5 is 0.3 mm or more in the portion of the recess 20 where the length in the insert axis C direction is the largest. Further, the distance Z is ½ or less of the total length (the thickness and total height of the cutting insert 3) H of the cutting insert 3 in the insert axis C direction.

  6, 9, and 11, the recess 20 has a bottom surface that is formed inwardly in the insert radial direction from the portion other than the recess 20 in the outer peripheral surface 11, and an insert radial direction from the edge of the bottom surface. And two wall surfaces that rise toward the outside and connect to portions other than the recess 20. The bottom surface of the recess 20 is the fluid guide surface 17, and one of the two wall surfaces of the recess 20 that is connected to the edge in the insert circumferential direction of the bottom surface is the fluid collision surface 18. Yes. Of the two wall surfaces of the recess 20, the other wall surface connected to the edge on the surface 9 side from the back surface 10 in the insert axis C direction on the bottom surface is a fluid receiving surface 19 described later.

Specifically, the recess 20 includes a fluid guide surface 17 facing outward in the insert radial direction, a fluid collision surface 18 facing the insert circumferential direction, and an end of the fluid guide surface 17 on the surface 9 side from the back surface 10 in the insert axis C direction. A fluid receiving surface 19 connected to the edge and formed from the end edge to the outside in the insert radial direction and facing from the surface 9 in the insert axis C direction to the back surface 10 side. A fluid flows on the fluid guide surface 17, and a fluid collides with the fluid collision surface 18. The fluid receiving surface 19 guides the fluid flowing on the fluid guide surface 17 toward the fluid collision surface 18.
As shown in FIGS. 9 to 11 and 13, in this embodiment, the fluid guide surface 17, the fluid collision surface 18, and the fluid receiving surface 19 are each formed in a planar shape.

A fluid collision surface 18 is connected to and rises at an end edge of the fluid guide surface 17 on one side in the insert circumferential direction (insert rotation direction R). An edge of the fluid guide surface 17 on the other side in the circumferential direction of the insert (opposite to the insert rotation direction R) is connected to a portion of the outer peripheral surface 11 other than the recess 20 (that is, the fluid guide surface 17 is connected to the outer periphery). It is cut out toward the maximum diameter portion of the surface 11).
As shown in FIGS. 6, 9, and 11, in the example of the present embodiment, the connection portion with the fluid collision surface 18 and the connection portion with the fluid receiving surface 19 in the fluid guide surface 17 are respectively concave curved surfaces. It is formed in a shape. Furthermore, the connecting portion between the fluid collision surface 18 and the fluid receiving surface 19 is also formed in a concave curved surface shape.

  In a cross-sectional view (insert cross-sectional view) perpendicular to the insert axis C shown in FIG. 13, the fluid collision surface 18 is from an edge on one side (insert rotation direction R) in the insert circumferential direction of the fluid guide surface 17. As it goes to the outer side of the insert radial direction, it rises inclined toward the other side of the insert circumferential direction (the side opposite to the insert rotation direction R). Although not particularly illustrated, the fluid collision surface 18 rises from the edge on one side of the insert guide circumferential direction of the fluid guide surface 17 toward the outside in the insert radial direction along the insert radial direction. Also good.

  Specifically, in the present embodiment, the fluid guide surface 17 and the fluid collision surface 18 are each linear in the insert cross-sectional view shown in FIG. Further, the angle α formed between the fluid guide surface 17 and the fluid collision surface 18 is 60 to 100 °. Further, an angle β formed between a predetermined insert radial direction D passing through a connecting portion (intersection point) between the fluid guide surface 17 and the fluid collision surface 18 and the fluid collision surface 18 is 0 to 20 °. . That is, in the insert cross-sectional view of FIG. 13, the angle between the predetermined insert radial direction D and the fluid collision surface 18 is defined as a positive (+) angle from the predetermined insert radial direction D to the opposite side of the insert rotation direction R. The angle β formed therebetween is 0 ° ≦ β ≦ + 20 °. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the fluid collision surface 18 extends from the edge of one side (insert rotation direction R) of the fluid guide surface 17 in the insert circumferential direction toward the outer side in the insert radial direction. You may incline slightly toward one side among them. In this case, the angle β is preferably −15 ° <β <0 °.

  In addition, in the side view of the insert shown in FIG. 12, the fluid collision surface 18 is connected to the fluid receiving surface 19 from the front surface 9 in the insert axis C direction toward the back surface 10 side in one side of the insert circumferential direction ( It extends with an inclination towards the insert rotation direction R). Although not particularly shown, the fluid collision surface 18 may extend parallel to the insert axis C in a side view of the insert.

  Specifically, in the present embodiment, the fluid collision surface 18 is linear in the side view of the insert shown in FIG. Further, the angle Y at which the fluid collision surface 18 is inclined with respect to the insert axis C is 0 to 30 °. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the fluid collision surface 18 moves from the connecting portion with the fluid receiving surface 19 to the other side (insert rotation direction) of the insert circumferential direction from the surface 9 in the insert axis C direction toward the back surface 10 side. It may be inclined and extended toward the opposite side of R).

  In the side view of the insert shown in FIG. 12, the fluid receiving surface 19 extends from the connecting portion with the fluid collision surface 18 toward the other side of the insert circumferential direction (opposite to the insert rotation direction R) in the insert axis C direction. Inclined from the front surface 9 toward the back surface 10 side. Although not particularly illustrated, the fluid receiving surface 19 may extend perpendicular to the insert axis C in the side view of the insert.

  Specifically, in the present embodiment, the fluid receiving surface 19 is linear in a side view of the insert shown in FIG. In addition, an angle X at which the fluid receiving surface 19 is inclined with respect to a virtual plane perpendicular to the insert axis C (a virtual plane including the cutting edge 5 in the illustrated example) is 0 to 30 °. However, the fluid receiving surface 19 is not limited to this, and the fluid receiving surface 19 extends in the direction of the insert axis C from the connection portion with the fluid collision surface 18 toward the other side (opposite to the insert rotation direction R) in the insert circumferential direction. You may incline and extend toward the surface 9 side from the back surface 10.

  When the cutting insert 3 configured as described above is mounted on the insert mounting seat 4 of the tool body 2, in the present embodiment, the insert axis C of the cutting insert 3 is directed toward the tool rotation direction T as shown in FIG. Gradually extending toward the tip side of the tool. In addition, the insert axis C of the cutting insert 3 may be inclined and extended toward the outside of the tool radial direction gradually toward the tool rotation direction T, or may be gradually increased toward the tool tip side toward the tool rotation direction T. You may extend inclining toward the outer side of a tool radial direction.

[Effects of this embodiment]
In the cutting edge rotating milling tool 1 of the present embodiment described above, the cutting insert 3 is cut into the work material by the cutting edge 5 during cutting, and the cutting insert 3 is inserted into the work material by the force received from the work material at this time. The mounting seat 4 is driven to rotate around the insert axis C.

And according to the cutting insert 3 of this embodiment, the fluid guide surface 17 formed in the outer peripheral surface 11 of this cutting insert 3 along the insert peripheral direction, and the edge of the insert peripheral direction of this fluid guide surface 17 A fluid collision surface 18 is provided which is connected to the edge and rises from the edge toward the outside in the insert radial direction. For this reason, by supplying fluid such as liquid or gas through the through hole 8 inside the tool body 2 toward the outer peripheral surface 11 of the cutting insert 3, the fluid flows on the fluid guide surface 17 and flows into the fluid. It is made to collide with the collision surface 18.
As this fluid, it is preferable to use a coolant (oil-based or water-soluble cutting fluid) as described in the present embodiment, but other fluids may be used.

  The fluid collided with the fluid collision surface 18 acts to rotate the cutting insert 3 around the insert axis C (insert rotation direction R). That is, by supplying a fluid to the outer peripheral surface 11 of the cutting insert 3, a rotational force around the insert axis C can be generated on the cutting insert 3. And this rotational force can assist the driven rotation of the cutting insert 3.

  By assisting the driven rotation of the cutting insert 3 as described above, the cutting insert 3 can be stably driven and rotated, and the rotational speed of the cutting insert 3 can be stably increased. Thereby, it becomes possible to raise the processing speed of cutting, and processing efficiency improves. Moreover, it is reliably prevented that only a predetermined part of the cutting edge 5 is continuously used for cutting, and the tool life can be extended.

  Further, the outer peripheral surface 11 of the cutting insert 3 is not formed as a single surface such as a cylindrical outer peripheral surface or a conical outer peripheral surface, but a plurality of surfaces including at least the fluid guide surface 17 and the fluid collision surface 18. Therefore, a large surface area of the outer peripheral surface 11 is ensured. For this reason, since the fluid flows while being brought into contact with a wide range on the outer peripheral surface 11 of the cutting insert 3, the heat (cutting heat) of the cutting insert 3 increased by the cutting process is efficiently transferred between the fluid and the fluid. It can exchange heat well. Therefore, the effect of cooling the cutting insert 3 is enhanced. In particular, since the cutting edge 5 is located at the boundary (cross ridge line) between the outer peripheral surface 11 and the surface 9 of the cutting insert 3, the cutting edge 5 is supplied by supplying fluid to the outer peripheral surface 11 of the cutting insert 3. The vicinity can be efficiently cooled.

Furthermore, when coolant is used as a fluid as in the present embodiment, the front surface 9 and the outer peripheral surface 11 of the front surface 9 (rake surface) and the rear surface 10 (seat surface on the insert mounting seat 4) of the cutting insert 3. The coolant can be stably supplied to the cutting edge 5 located at the intersecting ridge line.
Specifically, the outer peripheral surface 11 of the cutting insert 3 functions as a flank during cutting. For this reason, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to stably supply the coolant from the flank to the cutting edge 5 while providing the effect of assisting the driven rotation by supplying the coolant to the flank. become. That is, at the time of cutting, since the chips generated by cutting with the cutting edge 5 flow on the rake face (surface 9) of the cutting insert 3, the coolant is supplied from the rake face to the cutting edge 5. However, the supply of coolant from the flank (outer peripheral surface 11) to the cutting edge 5 is not hindered by the chips. Therefore, the coolant can be stably supplied to the cutting edge 5. Thereby, cutting edge defects, welding, wear, and the like of the cutting edge 5 can be remarkably suppressed, the tool life can be extended, and the accuracy of the cutting process can be stably maintained at a high quality.

  And in this embodiment, the above-mentioned outstanding effect can be acquired with the simple structure of forming the fluid guide surface 17 and the fluid collision surface 18 in the outer peripheral surface 11 of the cutting insert 3. FIG. Further, since it is not necessary to connect another part such as a conventional turbine to the cutting insert 3, it is easy to reduce the size of the tool.

  As described above, according to the cutting insert 3 of the present embodiment, it can be stably driven and rotated at the time of cutting, the tool life can be extended, the structure is simple, and the tool can be reduced in size. The coolant can be stably supplied to the cutting edge 5, and the cooling effect can be enhanced.

In the present embodiment, the fluid collision surface 18 is connected to an edge on one side (insert rotation direction R) in the insert circumferential direction of the fluid guide surface 17, and the fluid collision surface 18 is connected to the fluid guide surface 17. From the end edge of the insert, as it goes outward in the insert radial direction, it is tilted up toward the other side (the opposite side to the insert rotation direction R) of the insert circumferential direction, or along the insert radial direction. Therefore, the following operation and effect can be obtained.
That is, in this case, a large rotational force (a force for assisting the driven rotation of the cutting insert 3) obtained when the fluid flowing on the fluid guide surface 17 collides with the fluid collision surface 18 can be secured. Therefore, the above-described operational effects of the present embodiment become more remarkable.

In the present embodiment, a recess 20 is formed in the outer peripheral surface 11 of the cutting insert 3, and the recess 20 has a fluid guide surface 17, a fluid collision surface 18, and a fluid receiving surface 19. Therefore, the following effects are exhibited.
That is, in this case, when a fluid is supplied to the outer peripheral surface 11 of the cutting insert 3, the fluid flows into the recess 20 of the outer peripheral surface 11. The fluid that has flowed into the recess 20 is caused to collide with the fluid collision surface 18 while flowing along the fluid guide surface 17 and the fluid receiving surface 19. That is, when the fluid flows into the recess 20, the fluid efficiently flows toward the fluid collision surface 18 and stably collides with the fluid collision surface 18. Therefore, the amount of the fluid colliding with the fluid collision surface 18 can be increased stably, and the above-described operational effects of the present embodiment become more remarkable.

Here, FIG.14 and FIG.15 represents the modification of the recessed part 20 demonstrated by this embodiment.
In the insert cross-sectional view showing the part of the cutting insert 3 shown in FIG. 14, the fluid guide surface 17 of the recess 20 is curved. That is, the fluid guide surface 17 is not limited to the planar shape described in the present embodiment, and may be formed in a curved shape. Specifically, in this modification, in the insert cross-sectional view shown in FIG. 14, a portion of the fluid guide surface 17 located on the other side in the insert circumferential direction (opposite to the insert rotation direction R) has a convex curve shape. The part located in the one side (insert rotation direction R) of the insert circumferential direction has comprised the concave curve shape.

  According to the modification of FIG. 14, it becomes possible to increase the flow velocity of the fluid flowing on the fluid guide surface 17 or to ensure a large flow rate, and the effect of assisting the driven rotation of the cutting insert 3 is more remarkable. Can be.

  Moreover, in the insert cross-sectional view showing the part of the cutting insert 3 shown by FIG. 15, the fluid collision surface 18 of the recessed part 20 has comprised curvilinear form. That is, the fluid collision surface 18 is not limited to the planar shape described in the present embodiment, and may be formed in a curved shape. Specifically, in this modification, the fluid collision surface 18 has a concave curve shape in the insert cross-sectional view shown in FIG.

  According to the modification of FIG. 15, a large surface area of the fluid collision surface 18 can be secured, and the fluid flowing near the outer end of the fluid collision surface 18 in the insert radial direction can be easily captured by the fluid collision surface 18. Therefore, the fluid flowing on the fluid guide surface 17 is efficiently collided with the fluid collision surface 18, and the effect of assisting the driven rotation of the cutting insert 3 can be made more remarkable.

Moreover, in this embodiment, the fluid collision surface 18 is connected to the edge of one side (insert rotation direction R) in the insert circumferential direction in the fluid guide surface 17, and from the front surface 9 in the insert axis C direction to the rear surface 10 side. Since it extends incline toward one side of the insert circumferential direction as it goes to, or extends parallel to the insert axis C, the following effects are obtained.
That is, in this case, a remarkable effect can be obtained particularly when a coolant is used as the fluid. Specifically, in order to obtain a large rotational force (a force that assists the driven rotation of the cutting insert 3) by colliding the coolant against the fluid collision surface 18 inclined in this way, it is supplied to the outer peripheral surface 11 of the cutting insert 3. Although it is preferable to cause the coolant to collide by flowing in a direction perpendicular to the fluid collision surface 18, the coolant easily reaches the cutting edge 5 while flowing on the outer peripheral surface 11.

  That is, the effect of increasing the rotational force of the cutting insert 3 by the fluid that collides with the fluid collision surface 18 and the effect that the coolant can be stably supplied to the cutting edge 5 can be obtained together. Accordingly, it is possible to efficiently cool the vicinity of the cutting edge 5 while stably assisting the driven rotation of the cutting insert 3, and it is possible to remarkably suppress cutting edge defects, welding, wear, and the like of the cutting edge 5, and the tool life. Can be extended, and the cutting accuracy can be stably maintained at a high quality.

  In addition, in the case of the said structure, when manufacturing the cutting insert 3, when shape | molding the powder compact which consists of cemented carbides etc. with a metal mold | die from the insert axis line C direction, for example, after forming the fluid collision surface 18 Since the mold can be easily extracted in the direction of the insert axis C, the ease of manufacture is also improved.

In the present embodiment, the outer peripheral surface 11 of the cutting insert 3 is formed in parallel to the insert axis C, or the insert radial direction from the cutting edge 5 toward the back surface 10 side from the surface 9 in the insert axis C direction. Since it inclines toward the outer side, the following effects are obtained.
That is, in this case, the clearance angle of the flank of the cutting edge 5 (the outer peripheral surface 11 of the cutting insert 3) is negative (0 ° or negative angle), and this cutting insert 3 becomes a negative insert. A large blade angle can be secured, and the effect of suppressing the cutting edge defect of the cutting edge 5 becomes remarkable. Moreover, it becomes easy to ensure the rigidity of the cutting insert 3 as a whole.

  In the present embodiment, the connecting portion of the fluid guide surface 17 with the fluid collision surface 18 and the connecting portion of the fluid guide surface 17 with the fluid receiving surface 19 are each formed in a concave curved surface. Since the connection portion between the collision surface 18 and the fluid receiving surface 19 is also formed in a concave curved surface shape, for example, cracks develop from the connection portion between these adjacent surfaces 17, 18, 19 to form the cutting insert 3. Inconveniences such as chipping or chip accumulation at the connecting portion are suppressed.

In addition, in FIG. 12, the distance Z in the insert axis C direction between the recess 20 and the cutting edge 5 is 0.3 mm or more, and is 1/2 or less of the thickness (total height) H of the cutting insert 3. The following effects can be obtained.
That is, in this case, since the distance Z is 0.3 mm or more, the edge strength of the cutting edge 5 is sufficiently ensured even at a portion close to the recess 20, and cutting can be performed stably over a long period of time. Moreover, since the distance Z is 1/2 or less of the thickness H of the cutting insert 3, the surface area of the fluid guide surface 17 and the fluid collision surface 18 can be secured sufficiently large, and the above-described operational effects are more remarkable. It will be a thing.

In addition, in the side view of the insert shown in FIG. 12, the angle X at which the fluid receiving surface 19 is inclined with respect to a virtual plane perpendicular to the insert axis C (a virtual plane including the cutting edge 5 in the example of FIG. 12) is 0 to 0. By being 30 °, the following effects can be obtained.
That is, in this case, since the angle X is 0 ° or more, it is possible to effectively obtain the function of guiding the fluid toward the fluid collision surface 18 by the fluid receiving surface 19 while ensuring the strength of the cutting edge 5. . Further, since the angle X is 30 ° or less, the surface area of the fluid guide surface 17 can be ensured sufficiently large, and the rotational force can be increased while sufficiently securing the flow rate of the fluid collided with the fluid collision surface 18.

In addition, when the angle Y at which the fluid collision surface 18 is inclined with respect to the insert axis C in the side view of the insert shown in FIG. 12 is 0 to 30 °, the following effects can be obtained.
That is, in this case, since the angle Y is 0 ° or more, the coolant (fluid) is supplied so as to be in a direction substantially perpendicular to the fluid collision surface 18 to increase the rotational force of the cutting insert 3, and the flank ( The coolant can be stably supplied from the outer peripheral surface 11) to the cutting edge 5. Further, since the angle Y is 30 ° or less, the coolant is supplied so as to be in a direction substantially perpendicular to the fluid collision surface 18, thereby reliably assisting the driven rotation of the cutting insert 3 and increasing the rotational force. be able to.

Moreover, the following effect is obtained when the angle (alpha) formed between the fluid guide surface 17 and the fluid collision surface 18 is 60-100 degrees by the insert cross-sectional view shown by FIG.
That is, in this case, since the angle α is 60 ° or more, the fluid flowing on the fluid guide surface 17 is reliably collided with the fluid collision surface 18 to increase the rotational force, and the rigidity in the vicinity of the fluid collision surface 18 is increased. It is ensured and the cutting insert 3 can be prevented from being broken. In addition, since the angle α is 100 ° or less, the fluid flowing on the fluid guide surface 17 can be reliably collided with the fluid collision surface 18 to effectively assist the driven rotation of the cutting insert 3.

13 is formed between the fluid collision surface 18 and a predetermined insert radial direction D that passes through a connecting portion (intersection) between the fluid guide surface 17 and the fluid collision surface 18 in a cross-sectional view of the insert shown in FIG. When the angle β is 0 to 20 ° (0 ° ≦ β ≦ + 20 °), the following effects can be obtained.
That is, in this case, since the angle β is 0 ° or more, the fluid flowing on the fluid guide surface 17 can be reliably collided with the fluid collision surface 18 to effectively assist the driven rotation of the cutting insert 3. Further, since the angle β is 20 ° or less, the fluid flowing on the fluid guide surface 17 is reliably collided with the fluid collision surface 18 to increase the rotational force, and the rigidity in the vicinity of the fluid collision surface 18 is ensured. Thus, the chipping of the cutting insert 3 can be prevented.
The same effect as described above can also be obtained when the angle β is −15 ° <β <0 °. That is, since the angle β is larger than −15 °, the fluid flowing on the fluid guide surface 17 can be surely collided with the fluid collision surface 18 to effectively assist the driven rotation of the cutting insert 3.

Moreover, in this embodiment, as FIG. 1-4 shows, the through-hole 8 formed in the tool main body 2 is on the outer peripheral surface 11 of the cutting insert 3 with which the insert mounting seat 4 of this tool main body 2 is mounted | worn. Open toward.
For this reason, a fluid such as liquid or gas can be circulated through the through hole 8 of the tool body 2 and ejected from the opening 8 c of the through hole 8 toward the outer peripheral surface 11 of the cutting insert 3. That is, the effect of this embodiment described above can be obtained with a simple structure without providing a separate member for assisting the driven rotation of the cutting insert 3 outside the tool. The fluid ejected from the opening 8c of the through hole 8 to the outer peripheral surface 11 of the cutting insert 3 acts to rotate the cutting insert 3 around the insert axis C (insert rotation direction R).

Further, since the cutting insert 3 has a disk shape, the fluid ejected to the outer peripheral surface 11 of the cutting insert 3 flows around the insert axis C along the outer peripheral surface 11. That is, since the fluid flows on the outer peripheral surface 11 of the cutting insert 3 while being brought into contact with a wide range, the heat (cutting heat) of the cutting insert 3 increased by the cutting process can be efficiently performed between the fluid and the fluid. Heat exchange can be performed.
Accordingly, the effect of cooling the cutting insert 3 is further enhanced in combination with the effect of ensuring a large surface area of the outer peripheral surface 11 by the fluid guide surface 17 and the fluid collision surface 18 of the present embodiment described above and enhancing the cooling effect. It is done. In particular, the vicinity of the cutting edge 5 located at the edge of the outer peripheral surface 11 of the cutting insert 3 can be efficiently cooled. Therefore, chipping, welding, wear, and the like of the cutting edge 5 can be remarkably suppressed, the tool life can be extended, and the cutting accuracy can be stably maintained at a high quality.

  And according to this embodiment, the above-mentioned outstanding effect can be obtained by the simple structure of forming the through hole 8 in the tool body 2. Further, it is unlikely that the through-hole 8 hinders the downsizing of the tool.

In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the central axis L (of the opening 8 c of the through hole 8 formed in the tool body 2 in the insert front view when the cutting insert 3 is viewed from the insert axis C direction is shown. The outer peripheral surface 11 of the cutting insert 3 is positioned on the extension line), and the insert axis C of the cutting insert 3 is not positioned.
That is, since the ejection direction of the fluid ejected from the through hole 8 does not coincide with an imaginary straight line connecting the opening 8c of the through hole 8 and the insert axis C of the cutting insert 3, the cutting insert When a fluid collides with the outer peripheral surface 11 of the outer periphery 3, a rotational force is always applied to the cutting insert 3 in a predetermined direction (insert rotation direction R) in the insert peripheral direction around the insert axis C. It is like that.
Therefore, combined with the effect of assisting the driven rotation of the cutting insert 3 by the fluid guide surface 17 and the fluid collision surface 18 of the present embodiment described above, it is possible to increase the rotational force more reliably.

Moreover, in this embodiment, as FIG. 4 shows, the center axis | shaft L of the opening part 8c of the through-hole 8 gradually goes from the back surface 10 of the insert axis C direction to the surface 9 side as it goes to the cutting insert 3 from this opening part 8c. Since it extends toward the side, the following effects are obtained.
That is, in this case, the fluid ejected from the opening 8 c of the through hole 8 toward the outer peripheral surface 11 of the cutting insert 3 easily flows toward the cutting edge 5 after colliding with the outer peripheral surface 11. Accordingly, the effect of cooling the vicinity of the cutting edge 5 and the effect that the coolant can be stably supplied to the cutting edge 5 become particularly remarkable.

Moreover, in this embodiment, since the opening part 8c of the through-hole 8 is opening in the tool main body 2 inside the tool radial direction rather than the insert axis line C of the cutting insert 3 by the insert front view of FIG. 8 is caused to collide with increasing force toward the outer peripheral surface 11 of the cutting insert 3 by the action of centrifugal force due to the rotation of the tool body 2, and after the collision, the fluid flows outward in the tool radial direction. And flows on the outer peripheral surface 11 of the cutting insert 3.
Therefore, the operational effects of the present embodiment described above become more prominent.

  Further, in this case, of the through-holes 8 passing through the inside of the tool body 2, the opening 8c (branch hole 8b) of the through-hole 8 is not bent with respect to the trunk hole 8a extending on the tool axis O. The straight holes can be easily connected, and the tool is easy to manufacture. Also, in terms of design, the ejection direction in which the fluid is ejected from the opening 8 c of the through hole 8 can be easily made to correspond to the direction in which the driven rotation of the cutting insert 3 can be assisted.

In the present embodiment, since the center angle θ formed between the first imaginary straight line VL1 and the second imaginary straight line VL2 is 0 to 150 ° in the insert front view shown in FIG. Has the effect of.
That is, in this case, the fluid ejected from the opening 8c of the through-hole 8 flows (around) the region of the outer peripheral surface 11 of the cutting insert 3 that is located on the inner side in the tool radial direction from the insert axis C. It becomes easy to reach the vicinity of the end portion 5a of the cutting edge 5 on the tool front end side. That is, at the time of cutting, the end 5a on the tool front end side of the cutting edge 5 is used for cutting regardless of the amount of cutting, but according to the above configuration, the end 5a is stable in the vicinity of the end 5a. Can feed fluid.

  Specifically, since the center angle θ is 150 ° or less, the fluid ejected from the opening 8c of the through hole 8 is positioned on the outer peripheral surface 11 of the cutting insert 3 on the inner side in the tool radial direction from the insert axis C. The cutting edge 5 can be fed to the end 5a on the tool front end side while reliably flowing into the area to be cut.

When the central angle θ is 0 °, the intersection of the central axis L (extension line) of the opening 8c of the through hole 8 and the outer peripheral surface 11 of the cutting insert 3 in the front view of the insert shown in FIG. CP is made to coincide with the end portion 5a of the cutting edge 5 on the tool front end side. That is, the fluid can be directly supplied to the end portion 5a of the cutting edge 5 on the tool front end side.
In order to obtain such a configuration, although not shown in particular, for example, the center axis L of the opening 8c of the through hole 8 is extended along the tool radial direction orthogonal to the tool axis O, and the tool of the cutting edge 5 is used. It only has to pass over the end portion 5a on the distal end side.

Further, in the present embodiment, a groove 8d is connected to the tool tip side of the opening 8c of the through hole 8, and the groove 8d extends along the outer peripheral surface 11 of the cutting insert 3, and the groove 8d. The openings are arranged so as to face each other close to the outer peripheral surface 11.
Therefore, the fluid ejected from the opening 8c of the through hole 8 is further forced to contact the outer peripheral surface 11 of the cutting insert 3 while flowing on the groove 8d, so that the driven rotation of the cutting insert 3 is effectively performed. It is possible to assist, and the cooling effect can be further enhanced. That is, in this case, since a flow path is formed between the groove 8d and the fluid guide surface 17, the fluid can be efficiently flowed on the fluid guide surface 17 and effectively collided with the fluid collision surface 18. Can do. In addition, the cross-sectional area of the flow path can be set narrow, and in this case, the flow velocity of the fluid is increased, so that the effect of assisting the driven rotation of the cutting insert 3 becomes more remarkable.
That is, the effect of the present embodiment described above can be made even more remarkable by a simple structure in which the groove 8d is formed.

Second Embodiment
Next, a cutting edge rotating milling tool 30 according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
Detailed description of the same components as those of the above-described embodiment will be omitted, and only differences will be described below.

[Differences from the previous embodiment]
The cutting edge rotating milling tool 30 shown in FIGS. 16 to 19 is a simplified representation of the structure in order to facilitate understanding of the structure of the cutting edge rotating milling tool 1 described in the first embodiment. The cutting edge rotating milling tool 30 of the present embodiment is different from the cutting edge rotating milling tool 1 described in the above embodiment in the number of cutting inserts 3 mounted, and the cutting insert 3 is 1 in comparison to the tool body 2. Only one is provided. Accordingly, the number of the insert mounting seats 4 is also one.

Also in this embodiment, the same effect as the first embodiment described above can be obtained.
Further, for example, one insert mounting seat 4 is provided at the tip of the tool body 2 as described above, and one cutting insert 3 is mounted on the insert mounting seat 4 so as to be rotatable around the insert axis C. The rotary cutting tool can be used as a cutting edge turning tool 30 for turning a workpiece (turning). In this case, the tool body 2 of the cutting edge rotating turning tool 30 is preferably formed in a polygonal column shape whose cross section perpendicular to the tool axis O is, for example, a square shape.
That is, the present invention can be applied not only to the cutting edge rotating milling tool 30 but also to a cutting edge rotating cutting tool including the cutting edge rotating turning tool 30.

[Other configurations included in the present invention]
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

For example, in the above-described embodiment, a plurality of the recesses 20 are formed on the outer peripheral surface 11 of the cutting insert 3, but only one recess 20 may be formed.
Further, the fluid receiving surface 19 may not be formed in the recess 20. However, it is preferable that the fluid receiving surface 19 is formed in the recess 20 because the fluid flowing on the fluid guide surface 17 can be efficiently guided toward the fluid collision surface 18.

  Moreover, the recessed part 20 does not need to be formed in the outer peripheral surface 11 of the cutting insert 3. In other words, the present invention is connected to the outer peripheral surface 11 of the cutting insert 3 so as to extend along the insert circumferential direction, and to the edge of the fluid guide surface 17 in the insert circumferential direction. The fluid impingement surface 18 formed so as to go outward in the radial direction may be provided, and the recess 20 is not an essential configuration.

Here, FIG. 20 shows a modification in which a convex portion 21 is provided on the outer peripheral surface 11 of the cutting insert 3 instead of the concave portion 20.
In a cross-sectional view (insert cross-sectional view) perpendicular to the insert axis C shown in FIG. 20, the convex portion 21 is formed to protrude outward in the insert radial direction from a portion other than the convex portion 21 on the outer peripheral surface 11. ing. The convex portion 21 has a rib shape extending along the insert axis C direction, and the cutting edge 5 is not divided by the convex portion 21. That is, the convex portion 21 is not formed at a position corresponding to the cutting edge 5 in the insert axis C direction on the outer peripheral surface 11.

Although not particularly illustrated, the convex portion 21 is disposed corresponding to a portion of the outer peripheral surface 11 of the cutting insert 3 where the fluid ejected from the opening portion 8c of the through hole 8 is caused to collide. That is, the convex portion 21 can be disposed on an extension line of the central axis L of the opening 8 c when the cutting insert 3 is driven to rotate and the convex portion 21 is disposed close to the opening 8 c of the through hole 8. Is formed.
In FIG. 20, a portion other than the convex portion 21 in the outer peripheral surface 11 of the cutting insert 3 is a fluid guide surface 17, and a wall surface facing the opposite side of the insert rotation direction R in the convex portion 21 is a fluid collision. The surface 18 is used.
Also in this modification, the same effect as the above-described embodiment can be obtained.

  In the above-described embodiment, the insert rotation direction R is counterclockwise and the anti-insert rotation direction is clockwise when the cutting insert 3 shown in FIGS. 3 and 18 is viewed from the front (insert front view). However, the present invention is not limited to this. That is, the insert rotation direction R may be clockwise and the anti-insert rotation direction may be counterclockwise in the front view of the insert of FIGS. 3 and 18.

  That is, for example, when the radial rake angle (radial rake angle, outer peripheral rake angle) at the end portion 5a (the tangent to the cutting edge) of the cutting edge 5 is set to a positive (positive) angle, FIG. As shown in FIG. 17, when the radial rake angle is set to a negative (negative) angle, the direction of the driven rotation of the cutting insert 3 (the direction of rotation about the insert axis C) may be reversed. is there.

In this case, in the outer peripheral surface 11 of the cutting insert 3, the arrangement of the fluid guide surface 17 and the fluid collision surface 18 in the insert circumferential direction is opposite to that of the above-described embodiment.
In the above-described embodiment, the opening 8c of the through hole 8 is arranged on the inner side in the tool radial direction with respect to the insert axis C in the insert front view shown in FIGS. The opening 8c of the through hole 8 may be disposed on the outer side in the tool radial direction with respect to the insert axis C.
Further, the fluid is supplied to the outer peripheral surface 11 of the cutting insert 3 through the through-hole 8 inside the tool body 2, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the fluid is supplied to the outer peripheral surface 11 from the outside of the tool. May be. Moreover, liquids and gases other than coolant may be used as the fluid.

In the above-described embodiment, the cutting insert 3 has the outer peripheral surface 11 formed in parallel to the insert axis C, or from the cutting edge 5 toward the back surface 10 side from the surface 9 in the insert axis C direction. Accordingly, the negative insert is inclined toward the outside in the radial direction of the insert. However, the present invention is not limited to this.
That is, the cutting insert 3 may be a positive insert formed such that the outer peripheral surface 11 gradually decreases in diameter from the cutting edge 5 toward the back surface 10 side in the insert axis C direction.

  In the above-described embodiment, a plurality of sheet members 4b are interposed between the cutting insert 3 and the mounting surface 4a of the insert mounting seat 4 in the insert axis C direction. May be one. Further, the back surface 10 of the cutting insert 3 may be in direct contact with the mounting surface 4a without providing the sheet member 4b.

  In addition, in the range which does not deviate from the meaning of this invention, you may combine each structure (component) demonstrated by the above-mentioned embodiment, a modification, and a remark etc., addition of a structure, omission, substitution, others It can be changed. Further, the present invention is not limited by the above-described embodiments, and is limited only by the scope of the claims.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 3 Cutting insert 5 Cutting edge 9 Surface 10 Back surface 11 Outer peripheral surface 17 Fluid guide surface 18 Fluid collision surface 19 Fluid receiving surface 20 Recessed part C Insert axis R Insert rotation direction (one side of insert circumferential direction)

Claims (4)

A cutting insert having a disk shape and having a circular cutting edge extending around an insert axis,
Surface,
On the back,
An outer peripheral surface connecting peripheral edges of the front surface and the back surface;
The cutting edge formed at the intersection ridgeline of the surface and the outer peripheral surface, and
The outer peripheral surface is
A fluid guide surface formed along the insert circumferential direction around the insert axis;
A fluid collision surface that is connected to an end edge of the fluid guide surface in the circumferential direction of the insert and is formed to extend outward from the end edge in the insert radial direction perpendicular to the insert axis. Cutting insert. The cutting insert according to claim 1,
The fluid collision surface is connected to one end edge of the insert circumferential direction in the fluid guide surface,
The fluid collision surface rises from the end edge of the fluid guide surface so as to incline toward the other side of the insert circumferential direction as it goes outward in the insert radial direction, or in the insert radial direction A cutting insert characterized by standing up toward the outside in the radial direction of the insert. The cutting insert according to claim 1 or 2,
A concave portion is formed on the outer peripheral surface,
The recess is
The fluid guide surface facing outward in the insert radial direction;
The fluid collision surface facing the insert circumferential direction;
The fluid guide surface is connected from the back surface in the insert axial direction to the edge on the front surface side, and is formed so as to go from the end edge to the outside in the insert radial direction, and from the surface in the insert axial direction. A cutting insert having a fluid receiving surface facing the back surface side. The cutting insert according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The fluid collision surface is connected to an edge on one side of the insert circumferential direction in the fluid guide surface, and one side of the insert circumferential direction from the front surface to the back surface side in the insert axial direction. A cutting insert characterized in that it extends incline toward or extends parallel to the insert axis.

Images