JP2014030888A - Cutting tool - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cutting tool from which swarf can be excellently removed.SOLUTION: A lid member 32 which forms a liquid chamber with a tool body 11 is fitted to a tip of the tool body. Coolant blowoff ports for blowing a coolant out of the liquid chamber outward in radial directions of the tool body and supplying the coolant to chip pockets are formed in a joint part between the tool body and lid member. The liquid chamber comprises a ring groove 36 formed in the tip of the tool body concentrically with the tool body and a plurality of recessed grooves 37 which are formed on an upper surface of the lid member and where the chip pockets are present respectively in extension directions of the upper surface.

Description

  The present invention relates to a cutting tool rotated about an axis.

  Conventionally, a milling cutter in which a plurality of cutting blade members are mounted on a disk-shaped tool body has been used as a cutting tool for performing planar processing on a work material. In such a milling cutter, an insert made of a hard material such as cemented carbide is detachably mounted on a plurality of concave mounting seats formed on the outer periphery on the tip side of a disk-shaped tool body, and the tool body is attached to its axis. The workpiece is cut by the cutting blade directed toward the outside of the tool body in the radial direction of the insert while being rotated in the direction intersecting the axis, and the workpiece is cut by the cutting blade directed toward the tip of the tool body. Some materials are flattened.

  And in this kind of milling cutter, as described in the following Patent Document 1, an attachment hole for attaching the tool body to the main spindle of the machine tool is formed along the central axis, There are some which use this mounting hole as a coolant passage for supplying coolant for cooling and lubrication. In the milling cutter having such a structure, the coolant supplied to the mounting hole is guided to the tip of the tool body, and then is blown obliquely downward and outward, in other words, blown along the side of the cone to be supplied to the insert. Is done.

JP 2004-276136 A

  By the way, in the milling cutter as described in Patent Document 1, since the coolant is supplied obliquely downward and outward of the tool body, chips generated when the work material is cut by the insert also flows through the coolant. Along the same direction. For this reason, there is a problem that the chips enter the gap between the milling cutter and the workpiece or the gap formed in the workpiece itself, and the removal of the chips cannot be performed satisfactorily.

  This invention is made | formed in view of such a situation, Comprising: It aims at providing the cutting tool which can perform the removal of a chip | tip favorably.

  In order to solve this problem, in the cutting tool of the present invention, a plurality of concave mounting seats are provided on the outer periphery of the distal end side of the tool body rotated about the axis at intervals in the circumferential direction, and each of the concave mounting seats is cut. A cutting tool to which a plurality of cutting blade members having blades are attached, and a lid member that forms a liquid chamber between the tool body and the tool body is attached to a tip of the tool body, and the tool body and the lid member The joint portion is formed with a coolant outlet that blows out coolant from the liquid chamber along the radially outward direction of the tool body and supplies the coolant to at least the chip pocket adjacent to the concave mounting seat. And

  In the cutting tool having this configuration, the coolant supplied to the liquid chamber is blown out from the coolant outlet along the outer side in the radial direction of the tool body, that is, toward the side of the tool body. Then, the blown coolant hits the cutting edge, and the chips that tend to adhere to the cutting edge are forcibly moved along the flow of the coolant toward the outside in the radial direction of the tool body. In this way, the chips are forcibly moved in the radial direction of the tool body along the coolant flow, so that the chips can be efficiently removed, and the chips are between the cutting tool and the work material. It is possible to avoid entering the gap or the gap formed in the work material itself.

  The liquid chamber has a ring groove formed concentrically with the tool body on the tip surface of the tool body, and a plurality of recessed grooves formed on the upper surface of the lid member and having the chip pockets in the extending direction. It is preferable to provide.

  In this case, since the plurality of concave grooves communicate with each other through a common ring groove, the pressure of the coolant in the plurality of concave grooves is kept substantially uniform. For this reason, it can be avoided that the pressure of the coolant in some of the plurality of grooves is locally increased or decreased. As a result, almost the same amount of coolant can be supplied from a plurality of concave grooves to each chip pocket, more specifically, to the cutting edge facing the chip pocket, thereby cooling the plurality of cutting edges almost uniformly. And can be lubricated.

  It is preferable that a plurality of coolant introduction grooves that connect the coolant blowing port and the chip pocket corresponding to the coolant blowing port are formed on the tip surface of the tool body corresponding to the chip pocket.

  In this case, the coolant in the liquid chamber is blown out from the coolant outlet, and is supplied to the cutting blades facing the respective chip pockets through the coolant introduction grooves corresponding to the coolant outlet. In this way, the coolant blown from the coolant outlet is supplied to the cutting edge facing the chip pocket through the dedicated coolant passage, so that the coolant supply to the cutting edge can be smoothly performed and the workpiece can be cut. Chips in the vicinity of the cutting edge generated during material cutting can be efficiently removed, and the cutting edge can be suitably cooled and lubricated.

  According to the present invention, since the chips are forcibly moved in the radial direction of the tool body along the coolant flow, the chips can be efficiently removed, and the chips are formed between the cutting tool and the work material. It is possible to avoid intrusion into the gap between them or the gap formed in the work material itself.

It is side sectional drawing of embodiment which applied the cutting tool which concerns on this invention to the milling cutter. It is a bottom view of the milling cutter shown in FIG. It is the arrow view seen from the III direction of FIG. It is an expanded sectional view of the principal part of the milling cutter shown in FIG. It is a side view of the cartridge used with the milling cutter shown in FIG. It is a front view of the cartridge used with the milling cutter shown in FIG. It is the arrow view seen from the VII direction of FIG. It is a front view of the cover member used with the milling cutter shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing of the cover member used with the milling cutter shown in FIG.

  A milling cutter as a cutting tool according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 is a side sectional view of an embodiment in which a cutting tool according to the present invention is applied to a milling cutter, FIG. 2 is a bottom view of the milling cutter shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is an arrow view seen from the direction III in FIG. FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a main part of the milling cutter shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the milling cutter 10 includes a tool body 11 made of, for example, an aluminum alloy having a substantially cylindrical shape with an axis O as a center. An attachment hole 12 extending along the axis O is formed in the tool body 11 so as to penetrate the tool body 11. A pair of key grooves 15, 15 extending radially outward from the opening edge of the mounting hole 12 is formed on the end surface 13 facing the base end side (upper side in FIG. 1) along the axis O direction in the tool body 11. Is formed. The tool body 11 is fitted to the spindle tip by a bolt member inserted into the mounting hole 12 in a state where the key grooves 15 and 15 are fitted to a key provided at the spindle tip of a machine tool (not shown). It is attached and rotated in the tool rotation direction T around the axis O, and used for cutting of the work material.

At the end of the tool body 11 on the tip side (the lower side in FIG. 1) along the direction of the axis O, the outer surface of the tool body 11 is cut out and opened toward the tip side and radially outward. Are formed at intervals in the circumferential direction. As shown in FIG. 2, a cartridge mounting seat 17 is formed adjacent to the chip pocket 16 on the rear side in the tool rotation direction T of the chip pocket 16.
In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, eight chip pockets 16 and eight cartridge mounting seats 17 are formed.
The cartridge mounting seat 17 is formed by cutting out into a concave shape, and a cartridge 20 is detachably attached to the cartridge mounting seat 17 by screws 21 and 22 as a cutting blade member having a cutting blade.

  The cartridge mounting seat 17 has a side surface 17a facing forward in the tool rotation direction T and a side surface 17b facing outward in the radial direction of the tool body 11. As shown in FIG. 3, the side surface 17a is inclined with respect to the axis O of the tool body 11 so as to be displaced in the tool rotation direction T as it goes toward the tip of the tool body 11, as viewed from the outside in the radial direction of the tool body 11. Inclined so as to have an angle θa. The side surface 17b is formed in parallel along the axis, and a female screw portion 17ba is formed on the rear side thereof (see FIG. 2). And the front-end | tip of the screw 21 for fixing the cartridge 20 is screwed into this female screw part 17ba. The female screw portion 17ba is formed such that the axis of the screw hole is inclined with respect to the radial direction of the tool main body 11 so as to be displaced rearward in the tool rotation direction T as it goes inward of the tool main body 11. When the screw 21 is screwed into the female screw portion 17ba via the cartridge 20, the cartridge 20 is drawn inwardly in the radial direction of the tool body 11 and the rear side in the tool rotation direction T, and the cartridge 20 is pulled to the side surface 17a of the cartridge mounting seat 17. And it becomes possible to fix in the state pressed against the side surface 17b.

  As shown in FIG. 3, a diameter expansion groove 18 is formed on the rear end side of the tool body 11 of the cartridge mounting seat 17, and an adjustment bolt 19 is accommodated in the diameter expansion groove 18. The male screw portion of the adjustment bolt 19 is screwed into a female screw portion formed on the side surface of the diameter-enlarging groove 18 facing the tip side of the tool body. The adjustment bolt 19 is rotationally operated in a state where a jig (not shown) is inserted into a hole formed in the head, whereby the relative position with respect to the female screw portion, that is, the tool body 11 is determined. The head of the adjustment bolt 19 adjusted in position as described above can press and support the rear end of the cartridge 20 stored in the cartridge mounting seat 17 and can move the cartridge 20 toward the tool body. . That is, the adjustment bolt 19 constitutes a cartridge swing amount adjustment mechanism that can push the rear end of the cartridge 20 toward the tip of the tool body 11.

5 is a side view of the cartridge 20, FIG. 6 is a front view of the cartridge 20, and FIG. 7 is a view as seen from the direction VII in FIG.
As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the cartridge 20 is formed in a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape, and has locking surfaces 20 a and 20 b that are orthogonal to each other. When the cartridge 20 is mounted on the cartridge mounting seat 17, the locking surfaces 20a and 20b are brought into contact with the side surface 17a of the cartridge mounting seat, and the locking surface 20b is the side surface 17b of the cartridge mounting seat. Abut.

  Further, a through hole 25 is engaged with a side surface 20c opposite to the engagement surface 20b of the cartridge, at a position on the rear end side of the tool body 11 when the cartridge 20 is attached to the cartridge mounting seat 17. It is formed so as to reach the surface 20b. The through hole 25 is a portion through which the screw 21 for fixing the cartridge 20 is inserted, and is formed on the side surface 20c of the cartridge 20 so as to correspond to the female screw portion 17ba formed on the side surface 17b of the cartridge mounting seat. On the other hand, it is inclined obliquely. A head abutting surface 25a against which the head of the screw 21 abuts is provided at the opening of the through hole 25, and this head abutting surface 25a also corresponds to the female screw portion 17ba. Further, the cartridge 20 is formed so as to be inclined obliquely with respect to the side surface 20 c of the cartridge 20.

  The through hole 25 is formed in a long hole shape so as to extend in the length direction of the cartridge 20. As a result, when the cartridge 20 is mounted on the cartridge mounting seat 17, it can be fixed at that position even after the adjustment bolt 19 is moved and adjusted in the length direction.

  Further, on the side surface 20d opposite to the locking surface 20a of the cartridge, the insert mounting seat 26 is recessed in a square shape at a position that becomes the tip side of the tool body when the cartridge 20 is mounted on the cartridge mounting seat 17. Is formed. An insert 27 is detachably fixed to the insert mounting seat 26 by a screw 28 (see FIG. 5).

The insert 27 has a substantially rectangular flat plate shape with one rounded corner, and includes two substantially rectangular surfaces and four side surfaces. One substantially quadrangular surface is a locking surface 27a that comes into contact with the main body side of the cartridge 20, and a substantially square surface opposite to the locking surface 27a is a rake surface 27b. One side surface is a main flank 27c, and the other side surface is a sub flank 27d. A main cutting edge 29a is provided at the intersecting ridge line portion between the rake face 27b and the main flank 27c, and a sub cutting edge 29b is provided at the intersection ridge line portion between the rake face 27b and the sub flank 27d.
When the cartridge 20 is attached to the cartridge mounting seat 17, the main cutting edge 29 a is substantially parallel to the axis O of the tool body 11, and the secondary cutting edge 29 b is substantially parallel to the tip surface of the tool body 11.

  Further, a plate-like locking portion 30 is formed on the side surface 20d of the cartridge and on the distal end side of the tool body 11 when the cartridge 20 is attached to the cartridge mounting seat 17. When the plate-like locking portion 30 is pressed by the head of the screw 22 screwed into the side surface of the chip pocket 16, the tip end side of the tool body of the cartridge 20 is pressed and fixed to the cartridge mounting seat 17. . That is, the rear end side of the tool body of the cartridge 20 is fixed by the screw 21, and the front end side of the tool body of the cartridge is fixed by the screw 22.

Here, the axial rake angle of the insert 27 is set to, for example, 8 ° because the side surface 17a of the cartridge mounting seat 17 is formed to be inclined. The radial rake angle of the insert 27 is also set to 8 °, for example.
The cartridge 20 is made of a material such as steel or cemented carbide that is stronger in strength than the tool body 11. Further, the insert 27 is made of a material having high hardness such as carbide, diamond, or cBN.

8 is a perspective view of the lid member of the milling cutter shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the lid member of the milling cutter.
As shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of coolant passages 31 spread outward from the tool body toward the tool body tip from the large-diameter part 12 </ b> A formed at the intermediate portion in the axis O direction of the mounting hole 12 of the tool body 11. Is formed.
Eight coolant passages 31 are provided corresponding to the chip pocket 16 and the cartridge mounting seat 17. A lid member 32 made of, for example, an aluminum alloy is attached to the front end surface of the tool main body 11 with a plurality of screws 34 so as to form a liquid chamber 33 between the front end surface of the tool main body 11. . The mounting hole 12 is connected to a coolant supply unit (not shown), and the coolant is supplied from the coolant supply unit into the liquid chamber 33 through the mounting hole 12 and the coolant passage 31.

  Further, the lid member 32 has a through hole 35 formed at the center thereof, and a tool (not shown) is inserted through the through hole 35 to fix the tool body 11 to, for example, a machine spindle or a fastening adapter. The bolt can be operated. In other words, the milling cutter 10 can be attached to and detached from the machine by operating a bolt that is locked to the distal end side of the tool body 11 without removing the lid member 32. The screw 34 is disposed outside the through hole 35 and inside the ring groove 36 so as not to interfere with a ring groove 36 described later.

As shown in FIG. 4, the liquid chamber 33 includes a ring groove 36 formed concentrically with the tool body 11 on the tip surface of the tool body 11, and an upper surface of the lid member 32 (a surface facing the tool body 11). And a plurality of concave grooves 37 each having a chip pocket 16 in the extending direction.
Here, the inner end of the ring groove 36 coincides with the inner end of the concave groove 37, but the outer end of the ring groove 36 does not reach the outer end of the concave groove 37, that is, the outer end of the lid member 32. The groove 37 stops at the intermediate position in the radial direction.

Eight coolant outlets 38 are formed in the joint portion between the tool body 11 and the lid member 32 so as to correspond to the chip pockets 16 for blowing the coolant from the liquid chamber 33 along the radially outward direction of the tool body 11. Yes.
Eight coolant introduction grooves 39 corresponding to the chip pockets 16 are formed on the front end surface of the tool body 11 to connect the coolant outlets 38 and the chip pockets 16 corresponding to the coolant outlets 38. The coolant outlet 38 is defined by the tool body radial outer end of the concave groove 37 of the lid member 32 and the tool main body radial inner end of the coolant introduction groove 39.
The length of the coolant outlet 38 is set to be approximately the same as the width of the chip pocket 16. The width of the coolant outlet 38 is set to a very small value of about 0.3 mm to 1.0 mm, more preferably about 0.5 mm.

Next, the operation of the milling cutter 10 configured as described above will be described.
According to the milling cutter 10, it is attached to a spindle (not shown) of a machine tool using an attachment hole 12 formed in the tool body 11, rotated around the axis O and fed in a direction intersecting the axis O. Given, the surface of the work material is cut with the main cutting edge 29a and the auxiliary cutting edge 29b of the insert 27, and is subjected to planar processing.

When this flattening is performed, coolant is supplied from a coolant supply unit (not shown) to the liquid chamber 33 via the mounting hole 12 and the coolant passage 31. The coolant supplied to the liquid chamber 33 is blown out from the coolant outlet 38 along the radially outer side of the tool body 11, that is, toward the side of the tool body 11. The blown coolant is introduced into the chip pocket 16 through the coolant introduction groove 39 and hits the rake face 27 b of the insert 27 exposed to the chip pocket 16. Then, chips generated by the main cutting edge 29a and the auxiliary cutting edge 29b, which tend to adhere to the main cutting edge 29a and the auxiliary cutting edge 29b provided on the outer edge of the rake face 27b, are removed by the flow of the coolant. 11 is forcibly moved outward in the radial direction.
That is, as shown in FIG. 2, the coolant is introduced into the chip pocket 16 through the coolant introduction groove 39, where it is integrated with the chips, and has a width dimension of the chip pocket 16 and about 0.3 mm to 1.0 mm. While forming a mist film of coolant with a very small thickness dimension, the tool body 11 is blown out at a certain flow velocity toward the outside in the radial direction.
In this way, since the chips are forcibly moved in the radial direction of the tool body 11 along the coolant flow, the chips can be efficiently removed, and the chips are separated from the milling cutter 10 and the work material. It is possible to avoid entering a gap between them or a gap formed in the work material itself, and it is also possible to avoid chips remaining in the chip pocket 16.

  Further, the liquid chamber 33 is formed by a ring groove 36 formed concentrically with the tool body 11 and a plurality of concave grooves 37 formed on the upper surface of the lid member, and the plurality of concave grooves 37 are formed in a common ring. Since the grooves 36 communicate with each other, the pressure of the coolant in the plurality of concave grooves 37 is kept substantially uniform. For this reason, it can be avoided that the pressure of the coolant in some of the concave grooves 37 among the plurality of concave grooves 37 locally increases or decreases. As a result, almost the same amount of coolant can be supplied from the plurality of concave grooves 37 toward each chip pocket 16, more specifically, the main cutting edge 29 a and the sub-cutting edge 29 b facing the chip pocket 16. The main cutting edge 29a and the auxiliary cutting edge 29b of a plurality of inserts can be cooled and lubricated almost uniformly.

The liquid chamber 33 is formed across the tip surface of the tool body 11 and the upper surface of the lid member 32. Here, it is conceivable that the thickness of the lid member 32 is increased and the liquid chamber 33 is formed only by the concave groove 37 formed on the upper surface of the lid member 32. In this case, the lid member 32 is increased in thickness. Therefore, there is a concern that the depth of the recess formed in the central portion of the tool body 11 becomes deep, and the rigidity of the tool body 11 is lowered.
However, when the liquid chamber 33 is formed across the tip surface of the tool body 11 and the upper surface of the lid member 32 as in the above embodiment, the depth of the recess formed in the center of the tool body 11 is correspondingly increased. It is possible to make it shallow, and to prevent the rigidity of the tool body 11 from being lowered.

In the embodiment, the outer end of the ring groove 36 constituting the liquid chamber is stopped at the radially intermediate position of the concave groove 37 without reaching the outer end of the concave groove 37, that is, the outer end of the lid member 32. Yes. If the outer end of the ring groove 36 is extended to the outer end of the lid member 32, the cross-sectional area of the coolant outlet 38 of the liquid chamber 33 is suddenly reduced, resulting in a large pressure loss when the coolant is blown out. become.
In this embodiment, as described above, the outer end of the ring groove 36 is stopped at the intermediate position in the radial direction of the concave groove 37 without reaching the outer end of the concave groove 37, and the sectional area of the coolant is suddenly reduced. There is no reduction in size. Therefore, the pressure loss is reduced accordingly, and the coolant can be smoothly blown out. In addition, the width dimension of the outlet 38 is set to a very small value of about 0.3 mm to 1.0 mm, and these can be combined to increase the flow rate of the coolant blown out from the outlet 38. Therefore, it is possible to increase the discharge of chips.

In addition, this invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment, A various change can be added in the range which does not deviate from the meaning of this invention.
For example, in the above embodiment, the present invention has been described by taking a front type milling cutter as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the present invention can be applied to other types of milling cutters. Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the tool main body 11 and the cover member 32 demonstrated and mentioned as an example what consists of an aluminum alloy, these tool main bodies 11 and the cover member 32 are aluminum or titanium, or it is not restricted to this. The present invention can be applied to a titanium alloy or a steel alloy.

In the above embodiment, the present invention has been described by taking as an example a configuration in which a cartridge with an insert as a cutting blade member is detachably attached to a concave mounting seat formed on the outer periphery on the tip side of the tool body. Without being limited thereto, the present invention can be applied to a structure in which the insert is directly attached to the concave mounting seat as a cutting blade member by a screw or brazing.
In the above-described embodiment, an example in which eight chip pockets 16 and cartridge mounting seats 17 are attached to the tool body 11 has been described. However, the number of the tip pockets 16 and cartridge mounting seats 17 is not limited to the embodiment. Absent. Further, the number of coolant passages 31 formed in the tool body is not limited to eight, and may be four or two, for example.
In the above embodiment, eight coolant outlets 38 for supplying coolant from the liquid chamber 33 to each chip pocket 16 are provided. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the coolant outlet 38 is one common. There may be. In short, a structure in which the coolant is blown out from the liquid chamber 33 along the radially outward direction of the tool body 11 is sufficient.

10 Milling cutter, 11 Tool body, 12 Mounting hole, 16 Chip pocket, 17 Cartridge mounting seat (concave mounting seat), 19 Adjustment bolt, 20 Cartridge (cutting blade member), 21, 22 Screw, 25 Through hole, 27 Insert, 28 Screw, 29a Main cutting edge (cutting edge), 29b Sub cutting edge (cutting edge), 31 Coolant passage, 32 Lid member, 33 Fluid chamber, 34 Screw, 35 Through hole, 36 Ring groove, 37 Concave groove, 38 Coolant Outlet, 39 Coolant introduction groove, O Tool body axis

Claims (3)

A cutting tool in which a plurality of concave mounting seats are provided on the outer periphery on the tip side of the tool body rotated about the axis at circumferential intervals, and a plurality of cutting blade members each having a cutting edge are attached to the concave mounting seat. There,
A lid member that forms a liquid chamber between the tool body and the tool body is attached to the tip of the tool body,
A coolant outlet that blows out coolant from the liquid chamber along the radially outward direction of the tool body and supplies it to at least the chip pocket adjacent to the concave mounting seat is provided at a joint portion between the tool body and the lid member. A cutting tool characterized by being formed.   The liquid chamber has a ring groove formed concentrically with the tool body on the tip surface of the tool body, and a plurality of recessed grooves formed on the upper surface of the lid member and having the chip pockets in the extending direction. The cutting tool according to claim 1, wherein the cutting tool is provided. A plurality of coolant introduction grooves that connect the coolant blowing port and the chip pocket corresponding to the coolant blowing port are formed on the tip surface of the tool body corresponding to the chip pocket. Item 3. The cutting tool according to Item 1 or 2.

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