JP2017035077A - Scallop culture basket and scallop culture method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a scallop culture basket which can realize a sufficient oxygen concentration and bait amount required for growth, can raise a scallop to be larger with less death than a conventional basket, can reduce labor and costs required for replacement and cleaning of a seedling collector and culture basket or the like, and can suppress deterioration of water quality environment due to cleaning drainage of the seedling collector and culture basket or the like.SOLUTION: Raising units 1a-1e include: adhesion chambers 11a-11e configured by first spaces accommodating adhesion nets 10a-10e allowing spats of scallops to adhere thereto; raising chambers 12a-12e configured by second spaces arranged continuously under the first spaces and including bottom nets 21-25 receiving the spats fallen from the adhesion nets 10a-10e; and side nets 2a-2e covering continuously side faces of the adhesion chambers 11a-11e and raising chambers 12a-12e. The raising units are arranged vertically and plurally. On an upper side of the uppermost raising unit 1a, a lid net 20 is arranged. Antifouling coating is formed in the lid net 20, bottom nets 21-25, and side nets 2a-2e, the antifouling coating suppressing adhesion of a sea organism and dirt.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a culture scallop for well-cultivating scallops and a scallop culture method.

  Conventionally, scallop aquaculture has been carried out mainly in Mutsu Bay, Aomori Prefecture, the Pacific coast of Tohoku region, and the coasts of Hokkaido (see Patent Document 1). As an example of a conventional scallop culture method, an outline of a scallop culture method in Mutsu Bay, Aomori Prefecture will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. First, seedling work is carried out in a period t1 from the middle of April to the middle of May in the first year. In the seedling operation, the seedling device is hung in the sea, and scallop larvae (rabber) floating in the sea are attached to the seedling device. Larva grows by taking phytoplankton from the sea as its main food and turns into juveniles.

  The thinning operation is performed during the period t2 from mid-May to mid-June. In the thinning operation, the seedling device is lifted on board to thin out excess juveniles adhering to the seedling device and to remove starfish and sea urchins that prey on the juvenile shellfish. Then, the juvenile shells after thinning are returned to the original seedling device or transferred to an equivalent new seedling device, and the seedling device containing the young shellfish is suspended in the sea. Depending on the water area, the thinning operation may not be performed when the number of juvenile shellfish attached to the seedling device is small and there are few starfish and sea urchins to be removed.

  From the beginning of July to the middle of August, tick collection work is carried out in the period t3. In the collecting operation of the juvenile shellfish, the seedling device is lifted from the sea, and the juvenile shellfish grown to a shell length of about 8 mm to 10 mm attached to the seedling device is collected. Then, the collected juvenile shellfish are transferred to a square pyramid-shaped cushion cushion (pearl net) while adjusting the number of individuals (accommodation density), and the cushion cushion containing the juvenile is suspended in the sea. In summer, from early July to mid-August, the temperature and seawater temperature (about 24 ° C to 26 ° C) are high, so the collection of juveniles is generally performed on board at midnight.

  In the period t4 from mid-September to late-October, the first larvae dispersion work is carried out. In the first dispersal operation of the larvae, the cushions are lifted from the sea, and the larvae that have grown to a shell length of about 2 cm to 2.5 cm are collected. Then, the collected juvenile shellfish is transferred to a cushion cushion having a larger mesh size while adjusting the number of individuals, and the cushion cushion containing the juvenile shellfish is suspended in the sea.

  In the period t5 from the beginning of February of the first year to the end of April of the second year, the second dispersal of the larvae will be carried out. In the second dispersal operation of the larvae, the cushions are lifted from the sea, and the larvae that have grown to a shell length of about 5 cm to 6 cm after wintering are collected. Then, while adjusting the number of individuals, the collected juveniles are transferred to columnar round gourds with a larger mesh size, and the round gourds with juveniles are suspended in the sea. In the second dispersion of larvae, some or all of the collected larvae may be hung by ears. Thereafter, during the period t6 from the middle of September to the end of November in the second year, the distribution work of the semi-shells for adult shellfish is carried out. At this time, the removal work of the adhering matter adhered to the cushion cushion is also carried out.

  During the period t7 from the beginning of April to the end of June in the second year, scallops grown to a shell length of about 6 cm to 7 cm are shipped as semi-shells. Furthermore, scallops grown to a shell length of about 8 cm to 9 cm are shipped as new shellfish during a period t8 from the beginning of July to the end of December in the second year. Furthermore, scallops grown to a shell length of about 12 cm are shipped as adult shellfish during a period t9 from the beginning of April to the end of July in the third year. Thus, the conventional scallop farming work is carried out over three years from the seedling to the final shipment.

  As a conventional seedling device used in the seedling operation of the period t1 and the thinning operation of the period t2 in the flowchart shown in FIG. 38, a synthetic fiber or a used net (stabbed net) is placed in a polyethylene net-like bag called an onion bag. A double structure containing is generally used. However, in addition to scallop larvae, many seedlings are attached to marine organisms such as kinuma toys, yellow oysters, hydrozoa, nenekiboya, and trash floating in the sea. Marine organisms and debris adhering to the seedling device block the mesh of the seedling device, and further, the oceanic organism itself consumes oxygen in the seawater and phytoplankton, so the oxygen concentration in the seawater required by juveniles And there is a lack of feed. As a result, the growth of juveniles is hindered, and the mortality rate of juveniles is also increased.

  Also, in order to remove marine organisms and garbage attached to the seedling device, during the thinning operation for the period t2 in the flowchart of FIG. 38, during the collection operation for the larvae of the period t3, and for the distribution of the larvae during the periods t4 and t5 At times, it is necessary to frequently replace and clean the seedling device and the cushion cushion, which requires a lot of labor and cost for the treatment of attached waste. Furthermore, there is a concern that the water quality environment may be deteriorated by washing sewage of seedling containers and cushion cushions. Especially in Mutsu Bay, Aomori Prefecture, the water quality has deteriorated significantly due to the 40 years of contamination by washing sewage, etc., and in the survey of 88 closed sea bays in Japan, improvement of the water quality of the bottom sediment is particularly required. It has been. To improve the water quality environment, there is a means of dredging, but it is practically difficult when scallops are cultivated.

JP 2010-246420 A

  In view of the above problems, the present invention suppresses the adhesion of deposits to the seedling device and the culture culm, and improves the seawater exchange rate, thereby realizing a sufficient oxygen concentration and feed amount necessary for growth, The scallops can be grown larger and better than before, the labor and cost required to replace and clean the seedling devices and cushion cushions can be reduced, and the deterioration of the water quality environment due to the cleaning sewage of the seedling devices and cushion cushions can be suppressed. An object of the present invention is to provide a culture scallop for scallops and a scallop culture method.

  The first aspect of the present invention includes (a) an adhesion chamber formed by a first space in which an adhesion net for adhering scallop larvae is housed, and (b) a first space under the first space. A growing unit comprising a rearing room having a bottom net that catches the larvae that fall from the adhesion net, and (c) a side net that continuously covers the side of the adhesion room and the growth room. The top and bottom growth units are further arranged with a lid net, and at least the lid net, the bottom net and the side net are provided with an antifouling coating that suppresses the attachment of marine organisms and dust. The main point is that it is a cultured scallop. And the cultured scallop for a scallop according to the first aspect can be reused, can realize a sufficient oxygen concentration and feed amount necessary for growth, and can grow scallops well. For this reason, it is possible to reduce the labor and cost required for replacement / cleaning of the seedling device and the cushion cushion, and further, it is possible to suppress the deterioration of the water quality environment due to the cleaning sewage of the seedling device and the cushion cushion.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, (a) a scallop juvenile is seeded by suspending a seedling container of a knitted fabric formed with a first antifouling coating that suppresses adhesion of marine organisms and garbage. The first stage, and (b) the seedlings that have been harvested are transferred to the first ridge of the knitted fabric on which a second antifouling coating that suppresses the adhesion of marine organisms and garbage is transferred and suspended in the sea. And (c) a third stage in which juveniles collected from the first cocoon have a mesh size larger than that of the first cocoon and suppress the attachment of marine organisms and garbage. Transfer to the second ridge of the knitted fabric on which the antifouling coating is formed and suspend scallops from which the larvae collected from the second ridge have grown (d) The scallop cultivation method includes a fourth stage in which the scallop is shipped before the spawning season. In the scallop culture method according to the second aspect, sufficient oxygen concentration and feed amount necessary for growth can be realized, scallops can be cultivated well, and labor required for exchanging and cleaning seedling containers and cushions The cost can be reduced, and furthermore, the deterioration of the water quality environment due to washing sewage from the seedling device and cushion cushion can be suppressed. Also, in the first stage, an antifouling film is formed on the seedling device, which can prevent the adhesion of marine organisms and garbage, so as soon as spawning of scallops begins to spawn, Shellfish can be collected.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to achieve a sufficient oxygen concentration and feed amount necessary for growth by suppressing the adhesion of deposits to the seedling device and the culture trough and improving the seawater exchange rate. Aquaculture for scallops that can be grown large and well, reduce labor and cost required for replacement and cleaning of seedling devices and cushion cushions, and can suppress deterioration of the water quality environment due to washing sewage of seedling containers and cushion cushions A method for culturing salmon and scallops can be provided.

It is a typical perspective view showing an example of a culture scallop for scallops according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is typical sectional drawing which shows an example of the culture scallop for scallops concerning embodiment of this invention. It is a typical top view which shows an example of the support frame of the culture scallop for scallops concerning embodiment of this invention. FIG. 4 (a) is a schematic view schematically showing a state in which juvenile shells are attached to the attachment net of the scallop culture culm according to the embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4 (b) is an implementation of the present invention. It is the schematic which shows a mode that the juvenile has fallen on the bottom net of the culture scallop for scallops concerning a form. It is a flowchart for demonstrating an example of the cultivation method of the scallop which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a typical schematic diagram showing an example of the seedling device of the knitted fabric in which the antifouling film used in the scallop cultivation method concerning the embodiment of the present invention was formed. It is a typical schematic diagram showing an example of a round knot of a knitted fabric in which an antifouling film used in a scallop culture method according to an embodiment of the present invention is formed. FIG. 8 (a) is a graph showing the adhering weight per station of the first embodiment of the present invention together with a comparative example, and FIG. 8 (b) is the mortality rate of the first embodiment of the present invention. It is a graph which shows these with a comparative example. FIG. 9 (a) is a graph showing the shell length of the scallop of the first embodiment of the present invention together with a comparative example, and FIG. 9 (b) shows the total weight of the scallop of the first embodiment of the present invention. It is a graph shown with a comparative example, and FIG.9 (c) is a graph which shows the soft body part weight of the scallop of the 1st Example of this invention with a comparative example. It is a photograph of the cushion cushion according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention, the cushion cushion according to the comparative example, and the cushion cushion before use. It is the photograph after collection | recovery of the cushion cushion (silicon processing cushion cushion) which concerns on the 4th Example of this invention. It is the photograph after collection | recovery of the cushion cushion (non-processed cushion cushion) which concerns on the comparative example of the 4th Example of this invention. It is a photograph of the deformed shellfish collect | recovered with the cushion cushion (non-processed cushion cushion) which concerns on the comparative example of the 6th Example of this invention. It is the photograph after collection | recovery of the cushion cushion (silicon processing cushion cushion) which concerns on the 8th Example of this invention. It is the photograph which expanded a part of FIG. It is the photograph which expanded a part of FIG. It is an electron micrograph (30 times) of a part of fiber structure of the cushion cushion according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention. It is an electron micrograph (100 times) of the fiber structure of a part of cushion cushion according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention. It is an electron micrograph (500 times) of the fiber structure of a part of cushion cushion according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention. It is an electron micrograph (1000 times) of the fiber structure of a part of cushion cushion according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention. It is an electron micrograph (30 times) of the other part fiber structure of the cushion cushion according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention. It is an electron micrograph (100 times) of the other partial fiber structure of the cushion cushion according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention. It is an electron micrograph (500 times) of the other part fiber structure of the cushion cushion concerning the 8th example of the present invention. It is an electron micrograph (1000 times) of the other part fiber structure of the cushion cushion which concerns on the 8th Example of this invention. It is the photograph after collection | recovery of the cushion cushion (non-processed cushion cushion) which concerns on the comparative example of the 8th Example of this invention. It is the photograph which expanded a part of FIG. It is the photograph which expanded a part of FIG. It is an electron micrograph (30 times) of a part of fiber structure of the cushion cushion according to the comparative example of the eighth embodiment of the present invention. It is an electron micrograph (100 times) of a part of fiber structure of the cushion cushion according to the comparative example of the eighth embodiment of the present invention. It is an electron micrograph (500 times) of the fiber structure of a part of cushion cushion according to a comparative example of the eighth example of the present invention. It is an electron micrograph (1000 times) of the fiber structure of a part of cushion cushion according to a comparative example of the eighth example of the present invention. It is an electron micrograph (30 times) of the other partial fiber structure of the cushion cushion according to the comparative example of the eighth embodiment of the present invention. It is an electron micrograph (100 times) of the other part fiber structure of the cushion cushion which concerns on the comparative example of the 8th Example of this invention. It is an electron micrograph (500 times) of the other part fiber structure of the cushion cushion which concerns on the comparative example of the 8th Example of this invention. It is an electron micrograph (1000 times) of the other part fiber structure of the cushion cushion which concerns on the comparative example of the 8th Example of this invention. It is a typical perspective view which shows an example of the culture scallop for scallops concerning other embodiments of the present invention. FIG. 37 (a) and FIG. 37 (b) are schematic plan views showing examples of the support frame of the scallop culture culm according to another embodiment of the present invention. It is a flowchart for demonstrating the conventional scallop culture method in Mutsu Bay, Aomori Prefecture.

  The present inventors obtained a survey result that the oxygen concentration in the seawater in the seedling device and the amount of food were each reduced by 40% compared to the seawater outside the seedling device. Further, when the juvenile shellfish attached to the seedling device grows to a shell length of about 8 mm to 10 mm, the adhesive force is weakened and falls off the net of the seedling device naturally. For this reason, if the raising time of the seedling device was not appropriate, the fallen larvae collected on the bottom of the seedling device, and the larvae could suffocate and die in large quantities.

  In view of the above knowledge, embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the description of the drawings referred to in the following description, the same or similar parts are denoted by the same or similar reference numerals. However, it should be noted that the drawings are schematic, and the relationship between the thickness and the planar dimensions, the ratio of the thickness of each layer, and the like are different from the actual ones. Therefore, specific thicknesses and dimensions should be determined in consideration of the following description. Moreover, it is a matter of course that portions having different dimensional relationships and ratios are included between the drawings. Further, the embodiment described below exemplifies a culture scallop for scallop and a scallop cultivation method for embodying the technical idea of the present invention, and the technical idea of the present invention is a material of a component. Further, the shape, structure, arrangement, etc. thereof are not specified as follows. The technical idea of the present invention can be variously modified within the technical scope defined by the claims described in the claims.

  Further, in this specification, the definitions of “upper” and “lower” such as “upper” and “lower” are merely representational problems on the illustrated cross-sectional view. If the observation is changed by 90 °, the designations “upper” and “lower” become “left” and “right”, and if the observation is changed by 180 °, the relationship between the designations “upper” and “lower” is of course reversed. It is.

<Composition of cultured scallops>
As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the culture scallop for scallops according to the embodiment of the present invention has an adhesion chamber formed by a space (first space) in which adhesion nets 10 a to 10 e for adhering scallop larvae are accommodated. 11a to 11e, and a space (second space) that is arranged continuously with the first space under the first space, and has bottom nets 21 to 25 that catch the juveniles that fall from the attached nets 10a to 10e. A plurality (five) of continuous growth units 1a to 1e each including a growth chamber 12a to 12e, an adhesion chamber 11a to 11e, and side nets 2a to 2e that continuously cover the side surfaces of the growth chambers 12a to 12e, A lid network 20 is further arranged on the upper side of the uppermost growth unit 1a. In FIG. 1, for convenience, only the outlines of the side nets 2a to 2e that continuously cover the side surfaces of the adhesion chambers 11a to 11e and the growth chambers 12a to 12e are shown, and the mesh patterns of the side nets 2a to 2e are omitted. doing.

  The lid net 20, the bottom nets 21 to 25, and the side nets 2 a to 2 e of the scallop culture culm according to the embodiment of the present invention are made of, for example, polyethylene. A water-repellent antifouling coating that suppresses the attachment of marine organisms and dust is formed on the lid net 20, bottom nets 21 to 25, and side nets 2a to 2e of the scallop culture culm according to the embodiment of the present invention. . The thickness of the antifouling coating is, for example, about 1 μm to 200 μm. The antifouling film can be formed, for example, by immersing the lid net 20, the bottom nets 21 to 25, the side nets 2a to 2e, etc. in an acrylic resin paint (antifouling paint) containing dimethyl silicone or the like.

  The culture scallop for scallops according to the embodiment of the present invention has a substantially cylindrical shape when suspended in the sea as shown in FIGS. The height H1 from the upper end of the uppermost growth unit 1a to the lower end of the lowermost growth unit 1e is about 2 m, and the diameter D1 is about 0.5 m. The heights H2 and H3 of the adhesion chambers 11a to 11e and the growth chambers 12a to 12e are about 0.2 m. The adhesion chambers 11a to 11e and the growth chambers 12a to 12e are separated from each other by support frames 30 to 40. In addition, in FIG. 2, the boundary part of the adhesion chambers 11a-11e and the growth chambers 12a-12e of each growth unit 1a-1e divided by the support frames 31, 33, 35, 37, 39 is shown with the broken line.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the support frame 30 includes an annular support portion 30a and two cross-shaped support portions 30b and 30c connected to the annular support portion 30a. As the annular support portion 30a and the cross-shaped support portions 30b and 30c, for example, a wire coated with polyvinyl chloride can be used. For example, the annular support portion 30a has a diameter of about 6 mm, and the cross-shaped support portions 30b and 30c have a diameter of about 4.5 mm. 3 illustrates a case where the annular support portion 30a is thicker than the cross-shaped support portions 30b and 30c. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the annular support portion 30a and the cross-shaped support portions 30b and 30c May be the same thickness. Further, the number of the support portions 30b and 30c is not limited and may not be a cross shape. The support frames 31 to 40 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 also have the same configuration as the support frame 30 shown in FIG. 3, so that the adhesion chambers 11a to 11e of the adhesion nets 10a to 10e are changed to the growth chambers 12a to 12e. Can be prevented from falling.

  The lid network 20 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is attached to the uppermost support frame 30 so as to cover the upper side of the uppermost adhesion chamber 11a. The bottom nets 21 to 25 of the growing chambers 12 a to 12 e are attached to the support frames 32, 34, 36, 38, and 40 from the uppermost support frame 30 every other one. The lid mesh 20 and the bottom meshes 21 to 25 can use a Russell mesh of about 1.5 minutes (the length of one side of the rhombus mesh is 4.5 mm), for example.

  The adhesion nets 10a to 10e are fixed in the adhesion chambers 11a to 11e, for example, by being attached to the support frames 30, 32, 34, 36, and 38, the lid net 20, and the bottom nets 21 to 24, respectively. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the adhesion nets 10a to 10e from dropping from the adhesion chambers 11a to 11e to the growth chambers 12a to 12e. Although it does not specifically limit as adhesion net | network 10a-10e, For example, the net | network made from polyethylene and a used net | network (stab net) can be used, and the same thing as the net | network accommodated in the conventional seedling device (onion bag) is used. May be. In addition, the adhesion net | network 10a-10e uses what the antifouling film which suppresses adhesion of marine organisms and garbage is not formed.

  As the side nets 2a to 2e, for example, a Russell net of about 1.5 minutes (the length of one side of the rhombus mesh is 4.5 mm) can be used. The side networks 2a to 2e may be integrally configured from a single sheet. The side networks 2a to 2e are tied to the support frames 30 to 40, respectively. The side nets 2a to 2e are provided with openings 4 through which juvenile shellfish can be taken in and out of the adhering chambers 11a to 11e and the growing chambers 12a to 12e. The opening 4 is formed by, for example, sewing and binding the overlapping portions of the side nets 2a to 2e with a thread, and releasing the sewing thread when the young shellfish is put in and out. The structure of the opening 4 is not particularly limited, and various structures such as a structure that opens and closes with a fastener or a hook can be employed.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the support frames 30 to 40 are connected to each other by being connected by four hanging ropes 3. The upper and lower ends of the four hanging ropes 3 are combined into one, and a hanging loop is formed at the upper ends. Although four hanging ropes 3 are shown in FIG. 1, the number of hanging ropes 3 is not particularly limited.

  For example, when the scallop culture culm according to the embodiment of the present invention is applied as it is to the conventional scallop culture method shown in FIG. It can be used in place of a seedling device that contains young shellfish later. And it can be suspended in the sea from mid-September to mid-October without collecting juveniles in the period t3 from early July to mid-August. For this reason, it is possible to avoid the risk of mortal shell mortality due to the collection work on the ship, and to eliminate the late-night collection work (details will be described later).

  When putting juvenile shellfish into the scallop culture culm according to the embodiment of the present invention, the opening 4 shown in FIG. 1 is opened, and the attachment chambers 11a to 11e are attached as shown in FIG. The juvenile shellfish 100 is attached to the nets 10a to 10e. The adhesion nets 10a to 10e are once taken out from the adhesion chambers 11a to 11e, and the juvenile shells 100 are attached to the adhesion nets 10a to 10e in advance, and then the adhesion nets 10a to 10e to which the juvenile shells 100 are adhered are attached to the adhesion chamber 11a. ˜11e may be stored. Then, the opening part 4 is closed and it hangs in the sea and raises a young shellfish. When the juvenile grows to about 8 mm to 10 mm, the adhesive strength weakens, and as shown in FIG. 4 (b), it falls off the adhesion nets 10 a to 10 e and falls onto the bottom nets 21 to 25 of the growth chambers 12 a to 12 e to grow. Grow in chambers 12a-12e.

  According to the cultured scallop for scallops according to the embodiment of the present invention, a water-repellent antifouling coating that suppresses the attachment of marine organisms and dust is formed on the lid net 20, the bottom nets 21 to 25, and the side nets 2a to 2e. Therefore, the adhesion of marine organisms and garbage can be suppressed, and the oxygen concentration in the seawater and the decrease in feed in the scallop culture culm according to the embodiment of the present invention can be suppressed. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the mortality of scallops and to grow juveniles well in a short period of time. Furthermore, since the scallop grows early and the aquaculture period can be shortened, the frequency of summer and winter when the mortality rate of larvae is relatively high is reduced, and the mortality rate can be reduced.

  Furthermore, since the antifouling coating is formed on the lid net 20, the bottom nets 21 to 25, and the side nets 2a to 2e, marine organisms and dust are difficult to adhere, so that it is like a conventional seedling device or a cushion cushion. It is not necessary to replace and clean frequently and can be reused. For this reason, it is possible to greatly reduce the labor required for exchanging and cleaning the seedling device and the cushion cushion, and the cost of the attached waste disposal and the like, and it is possible to prevent the damage caused by the cleaning of the seedling device and the cushion cushion. In particular, when multiple reuses are taken into consideration, the initial investment cost by applying the antifouling coating is eliminated, and finally the cost is lower than that of the current scallop farm. That is, the number of times of exchanging the cultured trough is reduced, and the number of the cultured trough can be reduced by about half. Further, since the wrinkles are not damaged by washing, the number of newly replenished wrinkles can be reduced. Furthermore, the stress applied to the scallops can be reduced by exchanging the seedling device or the cushion cushion, and it can be cultivated well. Furthermore, it becomes possible to suppress the deterioration of the water quality environment due to the washing sewage of the seedling device and the cushion cushion.

  Moreover, in the conventional seedling device, the young shellfish comes off the seedling device and accumulates at the bottom of the bag. For this reason, if the collecting operation of the young shellfish cannot be carried out at an appropriate timing due to time, etc., there is a risk that the young shellfish collected at the bottom of the bag will die from suffocation, resulting in a lack of seedlings. On the other hand, according to the scallop culture method according to the embodiment of the present invention, the larvae that naturally fall from the adhesion chambers 11a to 11e are dispersed in the larvae 12a to 12e (mid-September to October). Since it can be grown until late), the risk of suffocating and dying scallops can be avoided.

  Moreover, since the antifouling film is formed in the cover net | network 20, the bottom net | network 21-25, and the side net | network 2a-2e, the juvenile which fell to the growth chambers 12a-12e is the lid net | network 20, the bottom nets 21-25, It is difficult to adhere to the side nets 2a to 2e, and it is easier to collect compared with a conventional seedling device when collecting juvenile shellfish. In addition, juveniles that fall naturally from the adhering chambers 11a to 11e can be grown in the breeding chambers 12a to 12e until they are dispersed (mid-September to late October), so the transfer from the seedling device to the cushion cushion is possible. It becomes unnecessary. Therefore, the scallop stress due to the transfer from the seedling device to the cushion mat as in the conventional case and the risk of mortality due to the stress can be reduced and can be cultivated well.

  Moreover, the culture scallop for scallops according to the embodiment of the present invention can be folded and accommodated in a compact manner. For this reason, for example, when collecting juveniles from the sea around September-October, if the remaining heat is high or the seawater temperature is high, it is stored compactly in the aquarium on the ship and is excellent one by one. The larvae can be selected and the other stages can be soaked in seawater, reducing the risk of mortal shell mortality. In addition, the depth range in which the conventional seedling device is suspended is large, and it is difficult to move to a water depth of the optimum temperature in summer, but the scallop culture culm according to the embodiment of the present invention is about 2 m in height, It is easy to move to a water depth of temperature.

<Scallop farming method>
Next, an example of the scallop farming method according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. In this example, scallops are cultivated in Mutsu Bay, Aomori Prefecture, but the natural conditions such as seawater temperature, tidal current, and feed amount differ depending on the aquaculture area, and the duration of each work shifts back and forth (for example, scallops) The egg-laying season is from early March to mid-May in Aomori Mutsu Bay, but from early May to mid-June in northern Hokkaido, early April to mid-May in southern Hokkaido, and June in the vicinity of Nemuro in eastern Hokkaido. From early to mid-July). For this reason, it is necessary to adjust each work period and conditions described below in consideration of individual circumstances such as natural conditions for each aquaculture area within the scope of the spirit described in the claims. This will be obvious to those skilled in the art.

  In the flowchart of FIG. 5, seedling work (first stage) is performed in a period T1 from the beginning of March to the middle of June. Here, in Aomori Mutsu Bay, information on the appearance of raba appears around the beginning of March, but the seedling operation starts immediately after the appearance information of raba appears. In the seedling operation, juvenile shellfish are attached by suspending a seedling container of a knitted fabric formed with a water-repellent antifouling coating that suppresses the attachment of marine organisms and dust. For example, three to four trunk ropes are passed horizontally in the sea, 100 ropes per trunk rope are lowered in the vertical direction, and a seedling device is hung about 15 bags per rope.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the seedling device used in the seedling operation is made of a polyethylene made of a so-called onion bag that accommodates an adhesion net 42 made of synthetic fibers or used nets (stabbed nets) for attaching ravers, and an adhesion net 42. A net-like bag (onion bag) 41 is provided. The net-like bag 41 has a width of about 40 cm and a height of about 75 cm, for example. A water-repellent antifouling film having a thickness of about 1 μm to 200 μm is formed on the net-like bag 41 by applying an antifouling paint made of acrylic resin containing dimethyl silicone or the like to suppress adhesion of marine organisms and dust. ing. For this reason, marine organisms and garbage can be made difficult to adhere to the net-like bag 41.

  In the flowchart of FIG. 5, a thinning operation (second stage) is performed in a period T2 from mid-June to mid-July. In the thinning operation, the seedling device shown in FIG. 6 is landed, and when the number of juvenile shellfish attached is excessive, it is thinned and the starfish and sea cedar that prey on the juvenile shellfish are removed. Furthermore, the juvenile shellfish after thinning is immersed in seawater in a terrestrial recreational water tank, and fine bubbles (nano / micro bubbles) with a diameter of several nanometers to several tens of micrometers are generated using a bubble generator for 2 hours to It is preferable to activate the larvae for about one day. Thereafter, the juvenile shellfish are transferred to the scallop culture culm (first culm) according to the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG.

  A water-repellent antifouling film made of an acrylic resin containing dimethyl silicone that suppresses the adhesion of marine organisms and dust is formed on the knitted fabric of the scallop culture culm according to the embodiment of the present invention. Here, in the knitted fabric of the scallop culture culm according to the embodiment of the present invention, it is sufficient that an antifouling film is formed on at least the side nets 2a to 2e, and the lid net 20 and the bottom nets 21 to 25 are also protected. A dirty film is preferably formed. The mesh size of the scallop culture culm according to the embodiment of the present invention is about 1.0 minute to 2.0 minutes (the length of one side of the mesh is 3.0 mm to 6 mm).

  When putting larvae into the scallop culture culm according to the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 4A, the larvae are attached to the adhesion nets 10a to 10e accommodated in the adhesion chambers 11a to 11e. . And the scallop culture which concerns on embodiment of this invention which put the young shellfish is dropped in the sea, and the young shellfish is raised. At this time, it is preferable to hang in the deep field in consideration of the rise in seawater temperature when the summer season is reached. In addition, by using the knitted fabric in which the antifouling film is formed as the seedling device as described above, the juvenile shellfish is easily increased in size compared to the conventional case. For this reason, you may implement the thinning-out operation | work in period T2 in multiple times so that a feed may not run short with the enlargement of a juvenile shellfish.

  After that, the work is stopped during the summer from mid-July to mid-September, and the work is kept suspended until mid-September when the temperature and seawater temperature drop (that is, the intermediate replacement work as in the past is not performed). ). When the shellfish grows to a shell length of about 8 mm to 10 mm, the adhesive force weakens and falls off the adhesion nets 10a to 10e and falls into the growth chambers 12a to 12e as shown in FIG. 4B, and is grown in the growth chambers 12a to 12e. To do.

  In the flowchart of FIG. 5, the collecting operation (third stage) of the larvae is sequentially performed in a plurality of times (three times) during periods T3, T4, and T5 from mid-September to mid-October. In each of the collecting operations for juvenile shellfish, the culture scallop for scallops according to the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 is lifted and grown from the growth chambers 12a to 12e to a shell length of about 20 mm as shown in FIG. 4 (b). Collect the young shellfish. Then, immersing the larvae in the seawater in the onshore storage tank and generating fine bubbles (nano / microbubbles) using the bubble generator to activate the larvae for about 2 hours to 1 day. preferable. Thereafter, the round knots of the knitted fabric having a mesh size larger than that of the scallop cultured culm according to the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 and formed with a water-repellent antifouling coating that suppresses adhesion of marine organisms and dust. Move to (2nd jar). Then, cultivate the larvae by suspending the round crab containing the larvae in the sea. In the flow chart of FIG. 5, the collecting operation of the larvae is carried out in three times, but the collecting operation of the larvae may be carried out only once or divided into two or more times. May be.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the round cocoon (second cocoon) to be transferred in the collection work of juveniles in the periods T3, T4, and T5 includes, for example, growth chambers 51a to 51j each having ten stages. Each breeding room 51a-51j is comprised by the space which grows a young shellfish. Each of the rearing chambers 51a to 51j includes bottom nets 52b to 52k on which young shellfish are placed and side nets 54a to 54j that continuously cover the side surfaces of the bottom nets 52b to 52k, respectively. A lid mesh 52a is disposed on the upper side of the uppermost growth chamber 51a. The lid net 52a is attached to the support frame 53a. The bottom nets 52b to 52k are attached to the support frames 53b to 53k. The support frames 53a to 53k have the same configuration as the support frames 30 to 40 shown in FIGS. The support frames 53a to 53k are connected by four hanging ropes 55.

  As the lid net 52a, the bottom nets 52b to 52k, and the side nets 54a to 54j, for example, a Russell net of about 3.0 minutes to 4.0 minutes (the length of one side of the rhombus mesh is 9 mm to 12 mm) can be used. . Water-repellent antifouling which suppresses the adhesion of marine organisms and dust by applying antifouling paint made of acrylic resin paint containing dimethyl silicone to the cover net 52a, the bottom nets 52b to 52k and the side nets 54a to 54j A film is formed. For this reason, adhesion of marine organisms and garbage to the lid network 52a, the bottom nets 52b to 52k, and the side nets 54a to 54j can be suppressed. In addition, as the second cocoon to be transferred in the collection operation of juveniles during the periods T3, T4, and T5, a 10-stage cushion mat may be used instead of the round cocoon. A water-repellent antifouling coating that suppresses the attachment of marine organisms and dust is formed on the knitted fabric of the cushion cushion.

  In the flowchart of FIG. 5, the shipping operation (fourth stage) starts from the beginning of December of the first year. First, in the period T6 from the beginning of December to the end of December in the egg-laying season (early March to mid-May) of the first year, a portion of the round buns shown in FIG. (Hereinafter referred to as “Virgin Shell”). That is, shipment of the virgin shellfish has already started before the start of the seedling operation in the first year after the start of the seedling operation. In addition, it is preferable that the virgin shellfish are shipped before incubation in late December because the taste and texture are better. Furthermore, during the period T7 from the beginning of April to July of the second year, a part of the round sea bream is landed and shipped as semi-shells and fresh shellfish. Furthermore, in the period T8 from the beginning of July to the end of December in the second year, the remaining round sea bream is landed and shipped as fresh shellfish and adult shellfish. That is, by shipping new shellfish / adult shellfish before the egg-laying season of the second year, more preferably before incubation, the taste and texture become better. Shipment before incubation in the second year is possible by activating with nano / micro bubbles.

  According to the scallop farming method according to the embodiment of the present invention, the use of a knitted fabric seedling device, a round paddle, or a cushion cushion formed with an antifouling coating, or a nano / micro bubble in a terrestrial storage tank. By activating the shellfish, young shellfish can be bred well early. For this reason, the final shipment is completed in the second year, and the culture period can be shortened by about 6 to 7 months as compared with the conventional one, so that the cost can be greatly reduced. Furthermore, before one year has passed since the start of seedling, it is possible to ship scallops before the spawning season as virgin shells, and the taste and texture are particularly good.

  In Mutsu Bay, Aomori Prefecture, information on the appearance of juvenile sea bream (rabber) appears around the beginning of March, but it has traditionally been collected from before April due to the large amount of kinumatogai in and around April. Even if the seedling operation is started, before the appropriate number of raruba attaches to the seedling device, marine organisms adhere and the seedling device becomes blocked, so it is impossible to reliably collect the necessary raba when the raba appears at the maximum. . For this reason, as shown in FIG. 38, the seedling operation is started after mid-April after a while after the appearance information of raba appears. On the other hand, according to the scallop culture method according to the embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to reduce adhesion of marine organisms such as kinuma mussels and garbage by using a seedling device of a knitted fabric on which an antifouling coating is formed. . For this reason, as shown in FIG. 5, even if the seedling operation is carried out immediately around the beginning of March when the raver appearance information appears, an appropriate number of ravers can be collected.

  Conventionally, as shown in FIG. 38, the collection of juvenile shellfish is carried out during the period t3 from mid-July to mid-August, but since it is summer and the temperature and seawater temperature are high, work on board at midnight. However, it is harsh for workers, and it also puts a load on the larvae and increases the risk of death. Furthermore, we would like to collect good larvae by dividing the collection process of larvae several times, but it is possible to secure good larvae because the time available for work is limited due to the stormy weather and good weather. Have difficulty.

  On the other hand, according to the scallop farming method according to the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 5, the thinning operation is completed in the middle of July, so that the summer work from the middle of July to the middle of August is performed. Can be avoided. Therefore, severe work can be avoided for the worker, and the mortality rate of the larvae can be reduced. In addition, according to the scallop culture method according to the embodiment of the present invention, the daytime work is relatively easy, so it is possible to collect the larvae in a plurality of times and easily secure the excellent larvae. . Furthermore, in the summer, there is a case where the cypress may break the onion bag of the seedling device and prey on the scallops.

  In addition, in the period T2 from the middle of June to the middle of July, instead of using the scallop culture culm according to the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 1, water-repellent antifouling that suppresses adhesion of marine organisms and garbage You may use the cone-shaped cushion cushion (pearl net) of the knitted fabric in which the film was formed, and the round kite (Gyoku). Moreover, although the case where young oysters are collected in three times T3, T4, and T5 from mid-September to mid-October is illustrated, it may be collected at least once. That is, juveniles may be collected in two portions, or may be collected in four or more portions.

<First embodiment>
A first example of a culture culm (cushion mattress) used in the scallop culture method according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described together with a comparative example. The first embodiment is a 1-minute (with a mesh side length of 3 mm) cushion cushion with a water-repellent antifouling coating that prevents marine organisms and dirt from adhering, and is composed of 10 steps. Has been. The antifouling coating of the first example is obtained by immersing the knitted fabric in a physical marine organism anti-adhesion agent (product name: Safety Pro series netting immersion type) using silicon manufactured by Saikai Aquaculture Co., Ltd. It was formed by drying until odor disappeared. The comparative example is a cushion cushion of 1.5 minutes (the length of one side of the mesh is 4.5 mm) on which no antifouling coating is formed, and is composed of 10 steps in a row. On September 29, 2014, 30 juveniles per stage were accommodated in the first embodiment and the comparative example, and drooped into the sea off Kukurizaka in Mutsu Bay, Aomori Prefecture. On May 19, 2015 It was collected.

  FIG. 8 (a) shows the weight of deposits per ten steps of the first example and the comparative example. From FIG. 8 (a), it is 2.92 kg in the first example and 9.47 kg in the comparative example. In the first example, the weight of the deposit is significantly reduced compared to the comparative example, and the adhesion of marine organisms and garbage is observed. It can be seen that the reduction was achieved.

  FIG. 8B shows the scallop mortality of the first example and the comparative example. From FIG. 8B, in the first example, there were 337 raw shellfish and 12 dead shellfish, and the mortality rate was 3.4%. On the other hand, in the comparative example, there were 306 raw shellfish and 21 dead shellfish, and the mortality rate was 6.4%. Therefore, it can be seen that the first embodiment was able to reduce the mortality rate more than the comparative example.

  FIG. 9A to FIG. 9C show the shell length, total weight, and soft body weight of the scallops of the first example and the comparative example, respectively. From FIG. 9A, the shell length is 70.2 mm in the first example, the shell length is 64.8 mm in the comparative example, and the shell length is about 8% in the first example than in the comparative example. It can be seen that it has been grown well for a long time. From FIG. 9B, in the first example, the total weight of the scallop is 41.9 g, in the comparative example, the total weight of the scallop is 31.2 g, and in the first example, the total weight is larger than that of the comparative example. Is increased by about 34%, and it can be seen that the plant has grown well. From FIG. 9C, the soft part weight is 16.8 g in the first example, the soft part weight is 12.1 g in the comparative example, and the soft part weight is 39% in the first example than in the comparative example. It can be seen that the amount has been increased to a good degree and has been cultivated well.

<Second embodiment>
In addition, as a second example, young oysters were experimentally cultured using the scallop culture culm (zabuton sculpture) according to the embodiment of the present invention. As in the first embodiment, the antifouling film is obtained by immersing the knitted fabric in a physical marine organism adhesion prevention agent (product name: Safety Pro series netting immersion type) using silicon manufactured by Saikai Aquaculture Co., Ltd. It was formed by drying until the solvent volatile odor disappeared. In late July 2014, juvenile shellfish were put into the scallop culture culm according to the embodiment of the present invention and hung in the sea off Mutsu Bay in Aomori Prefecture. And from October 2014 to December 2014, we carried out dispersal work of juvenile shellfish and recovered it in early June 2015. The scallop farm culm (maru culm) according to the embodiment of the present invention was suspended in the sea for a total of 306 days. When 30 scallops after collection were evaluated, they were all raw shellfish, average shell length was 70.72 mm, total weight was 37.95 g, and soft body weight was 15.38 g.

<Third embodiment>
As a third example, scallop aquaculture off the coast of Okunai, Aomori Prefecture, using a 10-stage round culm with an antifouling coating formed as a scallop culture culm according to the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 Trial farming was conducted in the sea area. The antifouling coating was formed by immersing the knitted fabric in a safety pro series netting immersion type. In June 2015, the adhering nets 10a to 10e are thinned once, and the adhering nets 10a to 10e are suspended one by one in the five-stage adhering chambers 11a to 11e. Five-stage growth chambers 12a to 12e are alternately provided, and the adhesion nets 10a to 10e are accommodated in the adhesion chambers 11a to 11e. The results of landing in December 2015 and examining the seedling state are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

  Table 1 shows the number of juveniles adhering to the adhesion nets 10a to 10e of the adhesion chambers 11a to 11e, divided by the shell length. Table 2 shows the number of juveniles that have fallen into each of the growing chambers 12a to 12e, divided by the shell length. From Table 1 and Table 2, it can be seen that juvenile shells of 10 mm or more are growing smoothly over the summer with almost no mortality. In the summer of 2015, the seawater temperature remained high, so it was cultivated until December. However, despite the long-term rearing of 6 months, there was almost no death. From this result, when the water temperature is around 20 ° C., it is conceivable that early seedlings can be collected early by successively collecting large young shellfish.

<Fourth embodiment>
As a fourth example, juveniles were experimentally cultivated using 10-stage cushion cushions for 1.0 minute on which an antifouling coating was formed. The antifouling coating was formed by immersing the knitted fabric in a safety pro series netting immersion type. In the fourth embodiment, about 30 pieces per stage, with a total of 308 30mm larvae in 10 stages, from September 2015 to May 19, 2016 in the sea of Kunikawa, Mutsu City, Aomori Prefecture Farmed in the day period. Moreover, as a comparative example with respect to the fourth example, the number of larvae similar to that of the fourth example (about 30 steps per stage) was obtained using a 10-stage cushion cushion for 1.5 minutes in which the antifouling film was not formed. A total of 312 pieces in 10 stages) were cultivated at the place and the period.

  FIG. 10 shows a photograph of a cushion cushion according to a fourth embodiment, a cushion cushion according to a comparative example, and a cushion cushion before use, and FIG. 11 shows a cushion cushion according to the fourth embodiment. FIG. 12 shows a photograph of a cushion cushion according to a comparative example (“silicon treatment” corresponds to the fourth example, and “no treatment” corresponds to the comparative example). 10 to 12, it can be seen that the cushion cushion according to the fourth embodiment has much less deposits than the cushion cushion according to the comparative example. Table 3 shows the measurement results of the amount of deposits (wet weight), the number of sheets, the number of deaths, the total weight of scallops, and the weight of scallops per sheet in the fourth example and the comparative example.

  As shown in Table 3, the amount of deposits (wet weight) was 8.0 kg in the fourth example, 9.2 kg in the comparative example, and the comparative example was 1.2 kg (15%) heavier. The number of dead deaths was 0 in both the fourth example and the comparative example. The total weight of the scallops was 15.1 kg in the fourth example and 12.1 kg in the comparative example, and the fourth example was 3 kg (26.38%) heavier. The weight of each scallop was 38.8 g in the fourth example and 49 g in the comparative example, and the fourth example was 10.2 g (26.28%) heavier. A breakdown of the scallops recovered in the fourth example is shown in Table 4, and a breakdown of the scallops recovered in the comparative example is shown in Table 5.

  In Tables 4 and 5, the weight and ratio of the soft body part per sheet were calculated by averaging 10 sheets randomly selected for each size and calculating the average value. The total weight of the soft part was calculated by multiplying the weight of the soft part per piece of each size by the number. The total weight of the soft part was 7.56 kg in the fourth example and 5.01 kg in the comparative example, and the fourth example was 2.55 kg (50.8%) heavier. Further, in the comparative example, there were scallops of 55 mm or less, but in the fourth example, there were no scallops of 55 mm or less. In the fourth example, the ratio of scallops having a large shell length was high.

<Fifth embodiment>
As 5th Example A and B, the young shellfish were culture | cultivated experimentally using two 10-stage cushion cushions for 1.0 minutes in which the antifouling film was formed. The antifouling coating was formed by immersing the knitted fabric in a safety pro series netting immersion type. In the fifth example A and B, 30 larvae of 30 mm each were placed and cultured in the sea of Yokohama-cho, Aomori Prefecture, from September 2015 to May 19, 2016. In addition, as Comparative Examples A and B with respect to the fifth Examples A and B, 1.5 minutes in which the antifouling film is not formed, and using 10-stage cushion cushions in series, the fifth Examples A and B and The same number of juvenile shellfish was cultured at the same time and place. Table 6 shows the measurement results of the heel weight (wet weight), the number of sheets, the number of deaths from death, and the total weight of scallops of the fifth example A and B and the comparative examples A and B.

  As shown in Table 6, the soot weight (wet weight) is 6.7 kg in the fifth example A, 6.3 kg in the fifth example B, 12.95 kg in the comparative example A, and 13 in the comparative example B. The amount of deposits in Comparative Examples A and B was 6.88 kg on average with respect to the fifth Examples A and B. In Comparative Examples A and B, a large amount of red larvae having a size of about 33 mm was attached. The number of dead deaths was 2 in the fifth example A (shell length 58 mm), and 2 in the comparative example A (shell length 58 mm). The total weight of the scallop was 15.15 kg in the fifth example A, 16.2 kg in the fifth example B, 14.8 kg in the comparative example A, 15.95 kg in the comparative example B, and the comparative examples A and B On the other hand, 5th Example A and B averaged 0.305 kg. A breakdown of the scallops recovered in the fifth example A is shown in Table 7, and a breakdown of the scallops recovered in the comparative example A is shown in Table 8.

  In Tables 7 and 8, the scallop weight and soft body weight per sheet are the average of 10 scallops and soft body weights randomly selected for each size. Each value was calculated. Further, the total weight of each size scallop and the total weight of the soft body portion were calculated by multiplying the weight of each scallop and the soft body portion by the number of each size. The weight of one scallop was 40 g in the fifth example A and 35.16 g in the comparative example A, and the fifth example A was 13.7% heavier. The weight of the soft body part per sheet was 15.55 g in the fifth example A and 14.59 g in the comparative example A, and the weight of the fifth example A was 0.96 g (6.6%). The total weight of the soft body part was 5.24 kg in the fifth example A and 4.32 kg in the comparative example A, and the fifth example A was 0.92 kg (21%) heavier than the comparative example A.

<Sixth embodiment>
As sixth examples A and B, larvae were cultivated experimentally using two 10-stage cushion mats for 1.0 minute on which an antifouling coating was formed. The antifouling coating was formed by immersing the knitted fabric in a safety pro series netting immersion type. In the sixth embodiment, 30 pieces of 30 mm larvae were placed in each stage and cultured in the sea of Nomonji-cho, Ahemori Prefecture in the period from September 2015 to May 19, 2016. Further, as Comparative Examples A and B with respect to the sixth Examples A and B, the same kind of juvenile as in the sixth example was used by using two 10-minute cushion cushions for 1.5 minutes in which the antifouling coating was not formed. Farmed by number, location and duration of shellfish. Table 9 shows the measurement results of the soot weight (wet weight) and the total weight of the scallops of the sixth example A and B and the comparative examples A and B.

  As shown in Table 9, the soot weight (wet weight) is 6.0 kg in the sixth example A, 6.6 kg in the sixth example B, 12.5 kg in the comparative example A, and 13 in the comparative example B. The amount of deposits in Comparative Examples A and B was 6.75 kg on average with respect to the sixth Examples A and B. The total weight of the scallops was 15.3 kg in the sixth example A, 16.0 kg in the sixth example B, 17.5 kg in the comparative example A, and 17.2 kg in the comparative example B. However, the total weight of the scallops is a value obtained by weighing together the scallops and deposits from the jar, and Comparative Examples A and B contain a large amount of shellfish and deposits other than scallops. It was. In Comparative Examples A and B, a large amount of mussels (crows) was included, and scallops stuck to the mussels, resulting in deformed shells as shown in FIG. There were 56 deformed shellfish, with a size of 60 mm or less, particularly around 50 mm. Table 10 shows the measured values of the deformed shellfish.

Based on Table 10, the total weight reduction of the scallops in Comparative Examples A and B was 840 g, and the actual total scallop weight was higher in the sixth Examples A and B. A breakdown of the scallops recovered in the sixth example B is shown in Table 11, a breakdown of the scallops recovered in the comparative example A is shown in Table 12, and the deformation of the scallops recovered in the sixth example B The breakdown is shown in Table 13.

  The number of dead deaths was 1 in the sixth example B and 2 in the comparative example A. The weight per sheet was 45.6 g in the sixth example B, and 45.6 g in the comparative example A, and both coincided. The weight of the soft body part per sheet was 19.68 g in the sixth example B and 16.20 g in the comparative example A, and the sixth example B was 21.5% heavier. The total weight of the soft part was 6.162 kg in the sixth example B and 4.859 kg in the comparative example A, and the sixth example B was 1.303 kg (27%) heavier.

<Seventh embodiment>
As a seventh example, larvae were experimentally cultivated using a series of 6-stage cushion mats for 3.0 minutes on which an antifouling coating was formed. The antifouling coating was formed by immersing the knitted fabric in a safety pro series netting immersion type. In the seventh embodiment, 6 pieces of each 30 mm juvenile shellfish were put and cultured in the water of Shimizu River, Aomori Prefecture, from November 15, 2015 to May 19, 2016. Table 14 shows the breakdown of the scallops recovered in the seventh example after landing on May 19, 2016.

  In the seventh example, there was no deposit until around April 2016, but Kinumatogai (Komegaki) was deposited around May 2016.

<Eighth embodiment>
As an eighth example, a four-tier cushion cushion with an antifouling coating was suspended in the sea off Kunikawa off Mutsu City during the period from September 5, 2015 to May 19, 2016. As a comparative example, a four-tier cushion cushion with no antifouling coating was hung at the same place and period as in the eighth example. Then, it landed on May 19, 2016, and the kind of deposit | attachment was observed.

  In the cushion cushion according to the eighth embodiment, the wet weight of the deposit is 1050 g, which is 260 g per net. As shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, in the cushion cushion according to the eighth embodiment, there are relatively few deposits. As shown in FIG. 16, in the cushion cushion according to the eighth embodiment, Kinumatogai (Komegaki) and Walekara are preferentially adhering to each other, and both gather together on the net to form a lump and ride on the fiber surface. It drops relatively easily when subjected to vibration. For this reason, the cushion cushion according to the eighth embodiment can be easily washed and reused.

  The observation result by the electron microscope of the fiber structure of the cushion cushion according to the eighth embodiment is shown in FIGS. As shown in FIGS. 17, 18, 21, and 22, the fiber surface of the cushion cushion according to the eighth embodiment is smooth. As shown in FIGS. 19, 20, 23, and 24, it can be seen that the attached diatom is hardly attached to the fiber surface of the cushion cushion according to the eighth embodiment.

  On the other hand, in the cushion cushion according to the comparative example, the wet weight of the deposit was 1550 g, which was 520 g per net, which was heavier than the eighth example. As shown in FIG. 25, many deposits adhered to the cushion cushion according to the comparative example. As shown in FIG. 26 and FIG. 27, a large amount of many kinds of marine organisms such as kinuma toys, polychaetes, hydro-insects, wallecaras, nenekiboya and the like, especially a large amount of polychaetes such as Kansagogokai. The white tube is a polychaet tube and has strong adhesion, and it is difficult to remove it even with strong washing such as high-pressure washing.

  The observation result by the electron microscope of the fiber structure of the cushion cushion which concerns on a comparative example is shown in FIGS. As shown in FIGS. 28, 29, 32, and 33, the fiber surface of the cushion cushion according to the comparative example is not smooth but rough. As shown in FIG. 30, FIG. 31, FIG. 34, and FIG. 35, it was observed that a large amount of attached diatom was attached to the fiber surface of the cushion cushion according to the comparative example.

<Ninth embodiment>
As 9th Example A and B, the young shellfish were culture | cultivated experimentally using the 10-stage cushion cushion for 1.0 minute in which the antifouling film was formed. The antifouling coating was formed by immersing the knitted fabric in a safety pro series netting immersion type. A period of October 2015 to June 21, 2016 in the sea of Wakinozawa Kamata district, Aomori Prefecture, with 30 mm juveniles in each of the ninth embodiment A and B, 30 steps each Farmed in. In addition, as a comparative example, using a cushion mattress with no weight of 1.5 minutes and no antifouling coating, the number of larvae, place, and period as in the ninth example A and B Farmed. Table 15 shows the measurement results of the amount of deposits (wet weight), the number of dead deaths, and the total weight of scallops of the ninth examples A and B and the comparative example.

  The amount of deposits (wet weight) is 5.27 kg in the ninth example A, 5.11 kg in the ninth example B, and 4.18 kg in the comparative example, which is a comparison with the ninth example A and B. The amount of deposits in the examples was 6.75 kg on average. The number of dead deaths was 1 in the ninth example A, 0 in the ninth example B, and 20 in the comparative example. The total weight of the scallops was 13.92 kg in the ninth example A, 14.92 kg in the ninth example B, and 9.89 kg in the comparative example, and the ninth examples A and B were heavy. A breakdown of the scallops of the ninth example B is shown in Table 16, and a breakdown of the scallops of the comparative example is shown in Table 17.

  The weight per sheet was 56.45 g in the ninth example and 30.7 kg in the comparative example, and the ninth example was 25.75 g (83%) heavier. The weight of the soft body per sheet was 23.6 g in the ninth example B, 10.9 g in the comparative example, and 12.7 g (116%) heavier in the ninth example B.

<Tenth embodiment>
As 10th Examples A and B, young shellfish were cultivated on a trial basis using two 10-stage cushion mats for 1.0 minute on which an antifouling coating was formed. The antifouling coating was formed by immersing the knitted fabric in a safety pro series netting immersion type. 30 larvae of 30 mm per stage are placed in the culture scallops according to the tenth example A and B, and in the sea of Katsurazawa, Wakinozawa, Aomori Prefecture, from October 2015 to June 21, 2016 Farmed in the day period. In addition, as Comparative Examples A and B, 1.5 minutes in which the antifouling film is not formed, using an eight-level cushion cushion, with the same number of juveniles, place, and period as in the tenth Example A and B Farmed. Table 18 shows the measurement results of the amount of deposits (wet weight), the number of deaths from death, and the total weight of scallops of the tenth Example A and B and Comparative Examples A and B.

  As shown in Table 18, the amount of deposits was 6.29 kg in the tenth example A, 5.69 kg in the tenth example B, 4.79 kg in the comparative example A, and 4.3 kg in the comparative example B. The amount of deposits in Comparative Examples A and B was 6.75 kg on average compared to the tenth Examples A and B. The number of dead deaths was 29 in the tenth example A, 13 in the tenth example B, and 31 in the comparative example A. The total weight of the scallops was 12.39 kg in the tenth example A, 12.65 kg in the tenth example B, 8.46 kg in the comparative example A, and 10.0 kg in the comparative example B. A breakdown of the scallops of the tenth example A is shown in Table 19, and a breakdown of the scallops of the comparative example is shown in Table 20.

  The weight per sheet was 44.69 g in the tenth example A and 32.1 kg in the comparative example, and the tenth example A increased by about 39%. The weight of the soft part per sheet was 20.79 g in the tenth example A and 13.0 g in the comparative example, and the tenth example A was 7.79 g (59%) heavier. The total weight of the soft body part is a reference value because the conditions such as the scale of the ridge, the number of steps, the number of sheets accommodated, and the presence or absence of the heel weight are different, but are used as reference values. In the tenth example A, 4.49 kg, and in the comparative example, 2 The 10th Example A was 1.96 kg (100%) heavier.

<Eleventh embodiment>
As an eleventh example, juveniles were experimentally cultivated using a 13-stage cushion cushion for 1.0 minute on which an antifouling coating was formed. The antifouling coating was formed by immersing the knitted fabric in a safety pro series netting immersion type. In the eleventh embodiment, put 17-18 larvae of 30mm per stage, and in the sea of Hamada Shiojo, Sotogahama-cho, Aomori Prefecture, in the period from November 2015 to June 30, 2016 Farmed. Further, as a comparative example, 4.0 minutes without an antifouling coating, 19.3 sheets of 30 mm juvenile shells per stage using a 13-stage cushion cushion, and the same as in the eleventh embodiment Cultivated in the number, location and duration of larvae. Table 21 shows the measurement results of the amount of adhering material (wet weight), the number of dead deaths, the total weight when landing scallops, and the total weight when measuring scallops in the eleventh example and the comparative example.

  The eleventh example and the comparative example differ in mesh and number of accommodation, but the amount of deposits (wet weight) is 4.6 kg in the eleventh example and 5.54 kg in the comparative example. The amount of deposits was large. The number of dead deaths was 15 in the eleventh example and 14 in the comparative example. Although the eleventh example had a large number of accommodations, the number of dead deaths was 2.1% lower. The total weight of the scallop when landing was 21.6 kg in the eleventh example and 16.98 kg in the comparative example. The total weight of the scallops weighed was 18.92 kg in the eleventh example and 16.3 kg in the comparative example, and the eleventh example was 2.62 kg (16%) heavier. A breakdown of the scallops of the eleventh example is shown in Table 22, and a breakdown of the scallops of the comparative example is shown in Table 23.

  The weight per sheet was 55.03 g in the eleventh example and 51.03 g in the comparative example, and the eleventh example was 46 g (7.8%) heavier. The weight of the soft body per sheet was 24.0 g in the eleventh example and 26.2 g in the comparative example, and the comparative example was 2.2 g (8.4%) heavier. Sotogahama-cho, Aomori Prefecture is the sea where the tide is fast and the amount of deposits is the highest. Conventionally, 1.0 min is blocked by deposits and cannot grow, so it must be 4.0 min. There was general knowledge of fishermen. On the other hand, according to the eleventh example, a good result was obtained when 1.0 minute was used.

<Twelfth embodiment>
As a twelfth example, an activation test of juvenile shellfish using nano / micro bubbles was performed. In June 2015, 85mm, 65g semi-shells were placed in an aquarium and activated with nano / micro bubbles for 2 hours. In total, 10 to 12 pieces were put in one cage, and a total of 120 pieces were cultivated in the sea in the Okunai district of Aomori Prefecture. The antifouling coating was formed by immersing the knitted fabric in a safety pro series netting immersion type. After that, it was landed on May 13, 2016. Table 24 shows a breakdown of the scallops collected in the twelfth embodiment.

  There were 107 viable shellfish, and the total weight was 23.6 kg, and the average weight per piece was 220 g. The number of dead deaths was 13, which consisted of 3 shell lengths of 9 cm, 3 shell lengths of 3 cm, and 7 shell lengths of 12 cm. The average shell length was 11.56 cm, and 61 shells (51%) had a shell length of 12 cm or more. The weight of the shell length of 12 cm is usually 190 g, but according to the twelfth embodiment, the weight of the shell length of 12 cm was 250 g, which was 32% heavier.

  As described above, the first to twelfth examples have been described. However, Mutsu Bay in Aomori Prefecture is highly closed among 88 sea bays nationwide, with seawater once every three months at an annual water conversion rate of 20% to 30%. The water temperature continues to change at high temperatures in summer. For this reason, conventionally, 30 to 35% of scallops died in the second summer, and 70% of scallops died after the second summer. Therefore, Mutsu Bay in Aomori Prefecture was considered unsuitable for adult shell culture, and semi-adult shell culture was the mainstream, resulting in a low unit price and an increase in the number of retired employees.

  On the other hand, according to the first to twelfth examples, as a result of experimentally culturing semi-adults from June 2015 to May 2016, the mortality rate was 10.8%. Most adult shellfish were over the summer. And the adult shell size grew to 12cm or more, and it became possible to ship adult shells as virgin shells in two years. In addition, as a result of culturing semi-shellfish in various places in Mutsu Bay from September 2015 to May 2016, the number of mortal deaths was almost zero, and an average increase of 30% was seen compared to the comparative example. . Therefore, in Mutsu Bay, adult shellfish can be well cultivated in a two-year cultivation period, and a certain amount of scallops according to the product sold can be shipped stably throughout the year, so that the cultivator is stable. You can secure your income. For example, it is generally possible to ship even when adult oysters are not on the market, and an increase in income can be expected because the shipping time and size can be selected. Furthermore, according to the first to twelfth examples, the amount of deposits can be greatly suppressed for each comparative example, and heavy labor such as replacement work and cleaning work can be reduced, and the cost can be reduced. Can also be reduced. As described above, the present invention has a remarkable effect in the scallop aquaculture business in Mutsu Bay, Aomori Prefecture, and also contributes to the improvement of the bottom sediment of Mutsu Bay by using a siliconized seedling device and a culture scallop for scallops. is there.

(Other embodiments)
As described above, the present invention has been described according to the embodiment. However, it should not be understood that the description and drawings constituting a part of this disclosure limit the present invention. From this disclosure, various alternative embodiments, examples and operational techniques will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

  For example, in the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the adhesion chambers 11 a to 11 e and the growth chambers 12 a to 12 e constituting the growth units 1 a to 1 e are partitioned from each other by the support frames 30 to 40. However, as shown in FIG. 36, only the support frames 32, 34, 36, 38, and 40 that partition the growing units 1a to 1e are arranged, as shown in FIGS. A configuration without the illustrated support frames 31, 33, 35, 37, and 39 may be employed.

  Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 3, the support frame 30 is exemplified by the structure including the annular support portion 30a and the cross-shaped support portions 30b and 30c, but is not particularly limited thereto. For example, as shown to Fig.37 (a), the support frame 30 may be comprised only from the cyclic | annular support part, and the other support frames 31-40 are the same.

  Moreover, the adhesion net | networks 10a-10e shown in FIG.1 and FIG.2 do not necessarily need to be tied to the lid | cover net | network 20 and the bottom nets 21-24, and the adhesion net | networks 10a-10e are the growth chambers 12a- from the adhesion chambers 11a-11e. Any structure that does not fall into 12e may be used. For example, the fall may be prevented by the cross-shaped support portions of the support frames 31, 33, 35, 37, and 39 that partition the adhesion chambers 11a to 11e and the growth chambers 12a to 12e. Moreover, as shown in FIG. 37 (b), the adhesion net 10a stored in the adhesion chamber 11a is not dropped into the growth chamber 12a on the support frame 31 that partitions the adhesion chamber 11a and the growth chamber 12a, and the juvenile falls. A donut-shaped net 31x having an opening as much as possible may be attached.

  Moreover, although the case where the lid net | network 20, the bottom nets 21-25, and the side net | network 2a-2e were comprised by the Russell net in the scallop culture culm concerning embodiment of this invention was illustrated, the lid net | network 20, the bottom net | network 21 The knitted fabrics of ˜25 and the side nets 2a to 2e are not particularly limited, and various knitted fabrics such as cocoon and nets can be used. Moreover, although the case where the mesh size of the cover mesh 20, the bottom meshes 21 to 25, and the side meshes 2a to 2e is 1.5 minutes (the length of one side of the rhombus mesh is 4.5 mm) is illustrated. The size can be appropriately selected according to the application.

  Moreover, the material of the lid net | network 20, the bottom net | networks 21-25, and the side net | network 2a-2e, the knitted fabric, the mesh size, etc. may mutually be the same, and may mutually differ. Further, the types of antifouling coatings formed on the lid network 20, the bottom nets 21 to 25 and the side nets 2a to 2e may be the same or different from each other.

  Moreover, although the structure which has the five breeding units 1a-1e was illustrated as a culture scallop for scallops which concerns on embodiment of this invention, it is not limited to this, What is necessary is just to have at least one breeding unit. For example, a structure in which ten growing units 1a to 1e are vertically connected may be used.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the anti-fouling film is formed in the cultivation net for scallops according to the embodiment of the present invention at least on the lid net 20, the bottom nets 21 to 25, and the side nets 2a to 2e. Since the culture scallop for scallops according to the embodiment of the present invention has an antifouling coating formed on at least the side nets 2a to 2e, it is difficult for marine organisms and garbage to adhere to the side surfaces of the respective growing units 1a to 1e. It is possible to suppress a decrease in oxygen concentration and feed amount in seawater in each of the breeding units 1a to 1e. Furthermore, a covering net may be covered so as to cover the scallop culture culm according to the embodiment of the present invention, and an antifouling coating may be formed on the knitted fabric of the covering net.

  The scallop culture culm and the scallop cultivation method of the present invention can be used for scallop cultivation in various parts of Japan and around the world.

1a to 1e ... growing units 2a to 2e, 54a to 54j ... side net 3 ... hanging rope 4 ... openings 10a to 10e, 42 ... adhesion nets 11a to 11e ... adhesion chambers 12a to 12e, 51a to 51j ... growth chambers 20, 52a ... lid meshes 21-25, 52b-52k ... bottom meshes 30-40, 53a-53k ... support frames 30a-30c ... support part 41 ... onion bag 55 ... hanging rope

Claims (5)

An adhering chamber formed by a first space in which an adhering net for adhering scallop larvae is stored;
A second space that is arranged continuously with the first space under the first space, and has a growing room having a bottom net that catches the juvenile shell that has fallen from the adhesion net;
A side net that continuously covers side surfaces of the adhesion chamber and the growth chamber;
A plurality of rearing units are continuously provided above and below, and a lid net is further arranged on the upper side of the uppermost rearing unit,
A culture scallop for scallops, wherein an antifouling film for suppressing adhesion of marine organisms and dust is formed on at least the lid net, the bottom net and the side net. A first stage in which a seedling device of a knitted fabric formed with a first antifouling coating that suppresses the adhesion of marine organisms and garbage is suspended in the sea to seed scallop larvae;
The seedlings that have been collected are transferred to the first ridges of the knitted fabric on which a second antifouling coating is formed to suppress the adhesion of marine organisms and garbage, and the seedlings are hung in the sea to cultivate the juveniles. Two stages,
A second knitted fabric having a third antifouling coating formed on the juvenile sampled from the first cocoon and having a mesh size larger than that of the first cocoon and suppressing adhesion of marine organisms and dust. A third stage where the larvae are reared and hung in the sea to grow the juvenile shellfish,
A fourth stage of shipping the scallops grown from the juvenile collected from the second cocoon before the spawning period;
A method for cultivating scallops, comprising: The first bag is
An adhering chamber formed by a first space in which an adhering net for adhering the young shellfish is stored;
A second space that is arranged continuously with the first space under the first space, and has a growing room having a bottom net that catches the juvenile shell that has fallen from the adhesion net;
A side net that continuously covers side surfaces of the adhesion chamber and the growth chamber;
A plurality of rearing units are continuously provided above and below, and a lid net is further arranged on the upper side of the uppermost rearing unit,
The scallop cultivation method according to claim 2, wherein a second antifouling coating is formed on at least the lid net, the bottom net and the side net.   The scallop according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the second step includes activating the juvenile with fine bubbles before transferring the juvenile to the first cocoon. Farming methods.   The scallop according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the third step includes activating the juvenile with fine bubbles before transferring the juvenile to the second cocoon. Farming methods.