JP2017003406A - Vibration testing machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a vibration testing machine capable of vibrating a two-wheel barrow to both of a vertical direction and a horizontal direction optionally.SOLUTION: A vibration testing machine T comprises: a vibration application machine 1; a load application device; and a controller. The vibration application machine 1 comprises: a trestle 3; a first vibration application part 4 attached to the trestle 3 and applies vibration to a vertical direction and a horizontal direction in which, an axle 31 on a front wheel side of a two-wheel barrow B as an exciting point; and a second vibration application part 5 movably attached to the trestle 3 and applies vibration to the vertical direction and the horizontal direction in which an axle 32 of a rear wheel side of the two-wheel barrow B as an exciting point. The load application device 2 applies a load to a saddle post 33 of the two-wheel barrow B for making a state in which, actually a person rides on the two-wheel barrow B. The controller controls the vibration application machine 1.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a vibration testing machine.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a vibration tester, for example, a motorcycle can be tested by applying vertical and front and rear horizontal vibrations to a motorcycle. Such a vibration testing machine is designed to give vibration to a motorcycle with the axle of the motorcycle as an excitation point. Specifically, the vibration tester includes three actuators: an actuator that applies vertical vibration to the front wheel side axle, an actuator that applies horizontal vibration, and an actuator that applies vertical vibration to the rear wheel axle. An actuator is provided.

  In the case of a motorcycle, the front fork that suspends the front wheel against the vibration input has a large function, so when reproducing the vibration of the body frame when the vehicle is running, the actuator that vibrates horizontally with respect to the rear axle It is unnecessary.

  The vibration testing machine configured in this manner gives vertical and horizontal vibrations to the motorcycle body with three actuators, so that vibration close to the vibration input from the road surface when the motorcycle actually travels. It is given to the vehicle body (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 07-140890

  However, the conventional vibration testing machine can vibrate in the vertical and horizontal directions for the front wheel side axle, but can only vibrate in the vertical direction for the rear wheel side axle. There is a limit to the reproduction of vibrations input to the car body during actual driving.

  In addition, when the test body is a bicycle, the rigidity of the body frame is high, but the strength is weak, so if it can only vibrate on one axle with respect to the axle on the rear wheel side, vibration during actual running cannot be reproduced. There is also a problem.

  Accordingly, the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a vibration tester that can arbitrarily vibrate a test body in both a vertical direction and a horizontal direction.

  In order to achieve the above-described object, the vibration testing machine according to the present invention can input vibrations in four axes in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction before and after the test body, and thus may be actually input to the test body. Vibration can be simulated by accurately simulating vibration, and more effective vibration tests and fatigue tests can be performed. Further, even when the test body is a bicycle, vibration can be applied to the test body by accurately reproducing vibration during actual running.

  Further, in the vibration testing machine according to claim 2, when the distance between the excitation points deviates from the preset normal range, the vibration generator is unloaded, so that a load that damages the specimen is added. Does not invite the situation. Therefore, according to this vibration testing machine, even if the specimen is vibrated with four axes, a load exceeding the allowable load does not act on the specimen, so that the vibration test can be executed safely without damaging the specimen.

  Further, in the vibration testing machine according to claim 3, the vibration exciter includes a gantry, a first oscillating unit which is attached to the gantry and oscillates one of the oscillating points, and a second oscillating unit which oscillates the other. And at least one of the first vibration part and the second vibration part is attached to the frame so as to be movable in the front-rear direction of the specimen. Therefore, the test body can be properly attached to the vibration tester regardless of the total length of the test body, and the vibration test can be executed.

  In the vibration testing machine according to claim 4, the first vertical axis actuator and the first horizontal axis actuator in the first excitation unit, and the second vertical axis actuator and the second horizontal axis actuator in the second excitation unit are in the vertical direction. It is stood and provided. Since all the actuators are set up in the vertical direction in this way, the length of the vibration tester can be shortened and the size can be reduced.

  Further, in the vibration testing machine according to claim 5, the test body is a two-wheeled vehicle, and a weight attached to the saddle post of the two-wheeled vehicle is rotated in the front-rear direction of the two-wheeled vehicle with respect to the saddle post, moved in the front-rear direction, and moved in the vertical direction. It has a load applying device that allows each movement. Therefore, according to the vibration tester, even if the two-wheeled vehicle is given vertical vibration, front-rear horizontal vibration, and front-rear rotational vibration by the vibration exciter, the weight load is always applied vertically to the saddle post. And a load that approximates a human model.

  According to the vibration testing machine of the present invention, the specimen can be arbitrarily vibrated both in the vertical direction and in the horizontal direction.

It is a side view of the vibration testing machine in one embodiment. It is a front view of the vibration testing machine in one embodiment. It is side surface sectional drawing of the load addition apparatus of the vibration testing machine in one Embodiment. It is a front view of the load addition apparatus of the vibration testing machine in one embodiment. It is a block diagram of the controller of the vibration testing machine in one embodiment. It is the flowchart which showed the process sequence of the controller of the vibration testing machine in one Embodiment.

  The present invention will be described below based on the embodiments shown in the drawings. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the vibration testing machine T according to the embodiment is a test body, and the axles 31 and 32 before and after the two-wheeled vehicle B as a saddle riding vehicle are used as the excitation points. 1 is a vertical direction (Z-axis direction) that is the vertical direction in FIG. 1 and a horizontal direction (X-axis direction) that causes the axles 31 and 32 of the two-wheeled vehicle B to be in the horizontal direction in FIG. I have. Further, the vibration tester T includes a load applying device 2 for applying a load to the saddle post 33 of the two-wheeled vehicle B in order to create a state in which a person is actually on the two-wheeled vehicle B, and as shown in FIG. And a controller C that controls the vibrator 1.

  Hereinafter, each part of the vibration testing machine T will be described in detail. The vibration exciter 1 is moved to the gantry 3, the first oscillating unit 4 attached to the gantry 3 and applying vibration in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction with the axle 31 on the front wheel side of the motorcycle B as an oscillating point. A second vibration unit 5 is provided which is attached so as to vibrate in the vertical and horizontal directions with the axle 32 on the rear wheel side of the motorcycle B as an excitation point.

  The two-wheeled vehicle B, which is a test body and a saddle riding vehicle, includes a body frame 34, a front fork 36 that is rotatably attached to a head pipe 35 provided at the front end of the body frame 34, and an axle provided at the front end of the front fork 36. 31 and an axle 32 provided on the rear side of the vehicle body frame 34. The vibration test is performed with the front and rear wheels held on the axles 31 and 32 of the motorcycle B removed. The vehicle body frame 34 includes a saddle post 33 that protrudes upward. The load application device 2 is attached to the saddle post 33, and a load is applied to the motorcycle B.

  The gantry 3 includes a plurality of elastic support portions 3a and a base 3b provided on the elastic support portions 3a. The first vibration portion 4 and the second vibration portion 5 attached on the base 3b. The elastic support portion 3a absorbs the vibration caused by the vibration caused by the above, so that no load is applied to the floor.

  The first excitation unit 4 includes a table 41 fixedly attached to the base 3 b of the gantry 3, a first vertical axis actuator 42 that is attached to the table 41 in a vertical direction, and expands and contracts. A first horizontal axis actuator 43 that is vertically mounted and swingably attached to the table 41, and a support column 44 that is provided on the table 41 in a vertical direction, a support column 44, and a first horizontal axis actuator 43. A first conversion link 45 that is rotatably connected to each other, a connecting rod 46 that is rotatable to connect both the first vertical axis actuator 42 and the axle 31, and the first conversion link 45 and the axle 31. The connecting rod 47 is configured to be rotatable at both sides and connect the two.

  The first vertical axis actuator 42 and the first horizontal axis actuator 43 are telescopic hydraulic servo cylinders in this example, and are extended and contracted by supplying and discharging pressure oil from a hydraulic source (not shown). It has become.

  The connecting rod 46 has a rod shape, and one end thereof is hinge-coupled to the first vertical axis actuator 42 and the other end can be removably coupled to the axle 31 by hinge coupling.

  Therefore, when the first vertical actuator 42 exhibits expansion and contraction, the axle 31 is vibrated in the vertical direction which is the vertical direction in FIG. 1 via the connecting rod 46, and the vertical vibration is applied to the axle 31. Since the connecting rod 46 is rotatably connected to the axle 31 and the first vertical axis actuator 42, even if a horizontal vibration is applied to the axle 31, the first vertical axis actuator 42 is not affected by this vibration. The axle 31 can be vibrated in the vertical direction.

  The support column 44 stands on the table 41, and a substantially triangular first conversion link 45 is rotatably attached to the tip thereof. In this case, the first conversion link 45 is connected to the support 44 by being hinged to the support 44 in the vicinity of one vertex of the first conversion link 45, and is only allowed to rotate with respect to the support 44 around the hinge connection point. It is attached.

  The connecting rod 47 has a rod shape, and one end of the connecting rod 47 is hingedly connected to the vicinity of the remaining apex where the column 44 of the first conversion link 45 and the first horizontal axis actuator 43 are not connected. The other end of the connecting rod 47 can be detachably connected to the axle 31 by hinge connection.

  Then, when a plane including the X axis indicating the horizontal direction for exciting the axle 31 as the excitation point and the axis of the expansion and contraction motion of the first horizontal axis actuator 43 is taken as a reference plane, the first horizontal axis actuator 43, the first Each of the conversion link 45 and the connecting rod 47 is rotatably connected only on the reference plane.

  When the first horizontal axis actuator 43 is extended, this causes the first conversion link 45 to rotate counterclockwise at the hinge coupling point to the support column 44 and the connecting rod 47 to be pushed out to the left. Can drive in the middle left direction. On the contrary, when the first horizontal axis actuator 43 is contracted, the first conversion link 45 is rotated clockwise at the hinge coupling point to the support column 44 and the connecting rod 47 is pulled rightward. It can be driven rightward in FIG. That is, in the first vibration unit 4, the first conversion link 45 and the support column 44 constitute a bell crank mechanism, and the expansion and contraction motion of the first horizontal axis actuator 43 is converted into the motion in the X-axis direction. Can be transmitted to the axle 31. The first conversion link 45 has a triangular shape because it is advantageous in terms of strength, but may have a shape other than a triangular shape such as an L shape.

  Therefore, when the first horizontal axis actuator 43 exhibits an expansion / contraction motion, the first conversion link 45 converts the vertical expansion / contraction motion of the first horizontal axis actuator 43 into a reciprocation motion in the X-axis direction. Vibration is given by vibrating the axle 31 in the X-axis direction. Since the connecting rod 47 is rotatably connected to the axle 31 and the first conversion link 45, even if vertical vibration is applied to the axle 31, the first horizontal axis actuator 43 does not affect the axle. 31 can be vibrated in the horizontal direction.

  The second vibration unit 5 is attached to the base 3b of the gantry 3 so as to be movable in the X-axis direction along the front and rear of the two-wheeled vehicle B, and is attached to the table 51 in a vertical direction so as to extend and contract. A second vertical axis actuator 52, a second horizontal axis actuator 53 that is also vertically mounted on the table 51 and is swingably attached to the table 51, and expands and contracts, and a column that is provided on the table 51 in a vertical direction. 54, a second conversion link 55 that is rotatably connected to the column 54 and the second horizontal axis actuator 53, and a connecting rod that is rotatable to both the second vertical axis actuator 52 and the axle 32 and connects the two. 56 and a connecting rod 57 that is rotatable to both the second conversion link 55 and the axle 32 and connects the two.

  Although not shown in detail, the table 51 is attached to the gantry 3 via a linear guide or the like, is allowed to move in the X-axis direction with respect to the gantry 3, and is mounted on the gantry 3. M can be driven in the X-axis direction. Furthermore, the table 51 can be fixed to the gantry 3 during the vibration test, and can be restricted from moving in the X-axis direction. Therefore, the position of the second excitation unit 5 relative to the gantry 3 is adjusted in the X-axis direction according to the distance between the excitation points of the two-wheeled vehicle B that is the test body, that is, the distance between the axles 31 and 32, and the second The vibration part 5 can be positioned at a position suitable for the motorcycle B. Therefore, regardless of the overall length of the motorcycle B, the second excitation unit 5 can be positioned at an appropriate position, and the first excitation unit 4 and the second excitation unit 5 can be attached to the excitation points of the motorcycle B, respectively. Vibration test can be executed.

  Note that the second vertical axis actuator 52 and the second horizontal axis actuator 53 are telescopic hydraulic servo cylinders in this example, and are expanded and contracted by supplying and discharging pressure oil from a hydraulic source (not shown). It has become.

  The connecting rod 56 has a rod shape, and one end thereof is hinge-coupled to the second vertical axis actuator 52 and the other end can be detachably connected to the axle 32 by hinge coupling.

  When the second vertical actuator 52 exhibits expansion and contraction, the axle 32 is vibrated in the vertical direction, which is the vertical direction in FIG. 1, via the connecting rod 56, so that the axle 32 is vibrated in the vertical direction. Since the connecting rod 56 is rotatably connected to the axle 32 and the second vertical axis actuator 52, even if a horizontal vibration is applied to the axle 32, the second vertical axis actuator 52 is not affected by this vibration. The axle 32 can be vibrated in the vertical direction.

  The column 54 stands on the table 51, and a substantially triangular second conversion link 55 is rotatably attached to the tip of the column 54. In this case, the second conversion link 55 is connected to the column 54 by being hinge-coupled to the column 54 in the vicinity of one vertex of the second conversion link 55, and is only allowed to rotate with respect to the column 54 around the hinge coupling point. It is attached.

  The connecting rod 57 has a rod shape, and one end of the connecting rod 57 is hingedly connected to the vicinity of the remaining apex where the column 54 of the second conversion link 55 and the second horizontal axis actuator 53 are not connected. The other end of the connecting rod 57 can be detachably connected to the axle 32 by hinge connection.

  Then, assuming that a plane including the X axis indicating the horizontal direction for exciting the axle 32 that is the excitation point and the axis of expansion and contraction of the second horizontal axis actuator 53 is a reference plane, the second horizontal axis actuator 53, the second horizontal axis actuator 53, Each of the conversion link 55 and the connecting rod 57 is rotatably connected only on the reference plane.

  Even in the second vibration unit 5 as in the first vibration unit 4, the second conversion link 55 and the support column 54 constitute a bell crank mechanism, and the expansion and contraction motion of the second horizontal axis actuator 53 is controlled by the X axis. It can be converted into a directional motion and transmitted to the axle 31 as an excitation point. The second conversion link 55 has a triangular shape because it is advantageous in terms of strength, but may have a shape other than a triangular shape such as an L shape.

  Therefore, when the second horizontal axis actuator 53 exhibits an expansion / contraction motion, the second conversion link 55 converts the vertical expansion / contraction motion of the second horizontal axis actuator 53 into a reciprocation motion in the X-axis direction. Vibration is given by vibrating the axle 32 in the X-axis direction. Since the connecting rod 57 is rotatably connected to the axle 32 and the second conversion link 55, even if vertical vibration is applied to the axle 32, the second horizontal axis actuator 53 is not affected by this vibration. Thus, the axle 32 can be vibrated in the horizontal direction.

  The actuators 42, 43, 52, 53 described above are not shown, but are slidably inserted into the cylinder and the cylinder so as to divide the cylinder into an extension side chamber and a pressure side chamber, and a cylinder. A well-known hydraulic servo cylinder having an output rod inserted and coupled to the piston, and a direction switching valve for connecting one of the extension side chamber and the pressure side chamber to a pump capable of supplying pressure oil and the other communicating with the tank; Has been. Each actuator 42, 43, 52, 53 can be either a single rod type or a double rod type. Each actuator 42, 43, 52, 53 can be extended by supplying pressure oil to the expansion side chamber, and can be contracted by supplying pressure oil to the compression side chamber. In addition, each actuator 42, 43, 52, 53 communicates both chambers to the tank to stop the supply of pressure oil, etc., and realizes an unloading state that expands and contracts freely with little external force without exerting a load. It can be done. The specific configurations of the actuators 42, 43, 52, and 53 are not limited to those described above, and other configurations can be adopted as long as the unloaded state can be realized. The actuators 42, 43, 52, and 53 may be electrically or pneumatically driven actuators, and even in that case, consideration is given to realizing the unload state as described above.

  The first conversion link 45 and the second conversion link 55 are installed in the same direction with respect to the columns 44 and 54, respectively. Accordingly, the first horizontal axis actuator 43 and the second horizontal axis actuator 53 in the first vibration unit 4 and the second vibration unit 5 are all one of both sides in the X-axis direction that is the driving direction of the columns 44 and 54. It is arranged on the side, that is, on the right side of the columns 44 and 54 in FIG. Note that the first horizontal axis actuator 43 and the second horizontal axis actuator 53 may be disposed on the left side in FIG.

  The vertical axis actuators 42 and 52 have the same specifications. Further, the specifications of the horizontal axis actuators 43 and 53 are the same. The lengths of the connecting rods 46 and 47 and the expansion and contraction movements of the horizontal axis actuators 43 and 53 of the conversion links 45 and 55 are determined by the X of the axles 31 and 32. The lever ratio when converting to axial motion is equal.

  In the vibration testing machine T, the first conversion link 45 and the second conversion link 55 are installed in the same direction, and the first horizontal axis actuator 43 and the second horizontal axis actuator 53 are supported by the columns 44 and 54. It is arrange | positioned at one side among the both sides of the drive direction. Therefore, when the motorcycle B is moved in synchronization with the right side in FIG. 1, the first horizontal axis actuator 43 and the second horizontal axis actuator 53 may be stroked to the contraction side by the same amount. On the contrary, when moving in synchronization with the left side in FIG. 1, the first horizontal axis actuator 43 and the second horizontal axis actuator 53 may be stroked to the extension side by the same amount. Therefore, when the stroke positions of the horizontal axis actuators 43 and 53 are at the same position, consideration is given so that the relative positions of the axles 31 and 32 in the X-axis direction do not change. Therefore, even if the horizontal axis actuators 43 and 53 are turned off and become unloaded, the relative positions of the axles 31 and 32 in the X-axis direction do not change even when the motorcycle B contracts most due to the weight.

  Further, when it is desired to change the distance in the X-axis direction between the axles 31 and 32 that are the excitation points, the stroke amounts of the horizontal axis actuators 43 and 53 may be changed, and the stroke amounts of the horizontal axis actuators 43 and 53 are controlled. Thus, a load can be applied to the two-wheeled vehicle B as a test body.

  Further, when the vertical axis actuators 42 and 52 are extended and contracted to drive the axles 31 and 32 which are the excitation points in the vertical direction, if both horizontal axis actuators 43 and 53 are extended and contracted in synchronization, the two-wheeled vehicle B has X The two-wheeled vehicle B can be moved up and down without applying a load in the axial direction.

  Therefore, even if the vertical axis actuators 42 and 52 and the horizontal axis actuators 43 and 53 are turned off to be in the unloaded state and the most contracted state, the relative positions of the axles 31 and 32 in the Z axis direction and the X axis direction change. The two-wheeled vehicle B can be moved to the lowermost position with no load, and the two-wheeled vehicle B is not damaged.

  Therefore, according to the vibration testing machine T, it is not necessary to monitor the load acting on the axles 31 and 32 and to perform load control for feeding back the load, and the controller C can control each actuator 42, 43, 52, It is sufficient to control the displacement of 53. Therefore, there is no need to switch the control from displacement control to load control to bumpless, and control is easy, and installation of a load cell, strain sensor, etc. is not necessary, which is advantageous in terms of cost.

  Further, when all the hydraulic pressures of all the actuators 42, 43, 52, 53 are turned off to be in the unloaded state, and all the actuators 42, 43, 52, 53 are in the most contracted state, the actuators 42, 43, 52, 53 are connected to each other. Do not push or pull each other. Therefore, in the vibration testing machine T of this example, the attaching / detaching operation of the two-wheeled vehicle B which is a test body can be performed safely. Even if all the actuators 42, 43, 52, 53 are turned off due to a failure, the two-wheeled vehicle B can be quickly moved to the lowermost position because the actuators 42, 43, 52, 53 do not interfere with each other's movements.

  The first horizontal axis actuator 43 and the second horizontal axis actuator 53 can be enjoyed when the first horizontal axis actuator 43 and the second horizontal axis actuator 53 are arranged on one side of both sides of the props 44 and 54 in the driving direction. The arrangement of the actuator 53 is not limited to this.

  Next, the load applying device 2 will be described. As shown in FIG. 3, a weight W for applying a load to the saddle post 33 of the two-wheeled vehicle B that is a straddle vehicle, and a buffer member D provided between the saddle post 33 and the weight W are provided.

  More specifically, the load applying device 2 includes a support frame 21 provided on the base 3b of the gantry 3 and a weight attached to the support frame 21 so as to be movable in the front-rear direction of the motorcycle B, that is, in the X-axis direction. A housing 22 that accommodates W and the buffer member D, a mounting base 23 that is rotatably mounted on the saddle post 33, a support base 24 that is mounted on the mounting base 23 so as to be movable in the front-rear direction, and a support base 24 that are stacked. The shock-absorbing member D and the weight W stacked on the shock-absorbing member D are provided.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the support frame 21 includes four vertical columns 21a provided on the left and right front and rear sides of the motorcycle B, four horizontal beams 21b spanned between the vertical columns 21a, and the motorcycle B. And a pair of guide beams 21c attached to be attached to the upper end of one vertical column 21a provided in front of and behind.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the housing 22 is provided on the left and right of the two-wheeled vehicle B, and is attached to a pair of L-shaped support plates 22 a when viewed from the front-rear direction of the two-wheeled vehicle B, and the upper ends of the support plates 22 a. And a lid 22b. And the lower end of each support plate 22a is connected via a linear guide 22c (refer to FIG. 1) to a guide beam 21c disposed below, and the housing 22 is the left-right direction of FIG. It can be moved back and forth.

  The mounting base 23 is hinged to a gripping member 25 that grips the saddle post 33, and is allowed to rotate in the front-rear direction of the two-wheeled vehicle B, that is, around the axis that penetrates the paper surface in FIG.

  Further, a support base 24 is mounted on the mounting base 23 via a linear guide 26 provided along the front-rear direction of the motorcycle B. The support base 24 is movable in the front-rear direction of the motorcycle B with respect to the mounting base 23 by a linear guide 26. The support base 24 is mounted on the inside of each support plate 22a of the housing 22 so as to be movable in the vertical direction by a linear guide 27 provided along the vertical direction. Therefore, the support base 24 is allowed to move only in the vertical direction with respect to the housing 22.

  A buffer member D is laminated above the support base 24. In this example, the buffer member D includes a first elastic member D1 and a second elastic member D2 as elastic members. Both the first elastic member D1 and the second elastic member D2 are formed of a disc-shaped synthetic resin. Further, the first elastic member D1 and the second elastic member D2 have different damping characteristics, and in this example, the second elastic member D2 has a higher damping property than the first elastic member D1. And in the place shown in figure, the buffer member D is comprised so that the 2nd elastic member D2 piled up by the two 1st elastic members D1 may be pinched | interposed.

  As the synthetic resin for forming the first elastic member D1, for example, rubber or urethane rubber may be used, and as the synthetic resin for forming the second elastic member D2, for example, low resilience such as soft urethane foam may be used. What shows a high attenuation | damping property should just be used. Further, in this example, two first elastic members D1 and two second elastic members D2 are provided, but the number of stacked layers is arbitrary. Further, the configuration of the buffer member D is not limited to this. For example, the buffer member D includes a spring or a hydraulic damper interposed between the weight W and the support base 24, or a configuration in which the spring and the hydraulic damper are arranged in series or in parallel. It is also possible to use a synthetic resin that exhibits a high damping property with a spring, or a synthetic resin and a hydraulic damper.

  The weight W is provided by being laminated on the buffer member D. Specifically, the weight W is attached to the slider 28 which is mounted on the inner side of each support plate 22a of the housing 22 so as to be movable in the vertical direction by a linear guide 27 provided along the vertical direction. And a plurality of plates 29. That is, the weight W is only allowed to move in the vertical direction with respect to the housing 22.

  The plate 29 can adjust the total weight of the weight W by adjusting the number of stacked layers. The plate 29 is provided with a hole that allows a bolt 28a provided upright on the slider 28 to pass therethrough so that the plate 29 can be fixed to the slider 28 by a nut 28b that is screwed to the bolt 28a. It has become.

  When performing a vibration test of the two-wheeled vehicle B, the housing 22 is moved back and forth with respect to the support frame 21 in accordance with the position of the saddle post 33 of the two-wheeled vehicle B, and is optimal for attaching the gripping member 25 to the saddle post 33. Move to position. Then, after the gripping member 25 is mounted on the saddle post 33, the housing 22 is fixed so as not to move with respect to the support frame 21. When the housing 22 is fixed to the support frame 21, various structures such as bolt fastening may be employed. After fixing the housing 22 in this way, a vibration test is performed by applying vibration from the vibrator 1 to the two-wheeled vehicle B.

  The housing 22 is fixed to the support frame 21, but when the saddle post 33 of the motorcycle B is vibrated by the vibration exciter 1, the gripping member 25 is moved together with the saddle post 33 in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction (X-axis direction). And move in the front-rear direction of the motorcycle B to be displaced. Since the mounting base 23 is hinged to the gripping member 25, the rotational vibration of the saddle post 33 in the front-rear direction of the two-wheeled vehicle B is not transmitted to the mounting base 23. The mounting base 23 moves together with the holding member 25 in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction, but the support base 24 is movable relative to the mounting base 23 in the horizontal direction. The horizontal vibration of the mounting base 23 is not transmitted. The support base 24 is allowed to move in the vertical direction by the housing 22, and the support base 24 vibrates in the vertical direction due to the vertical vibration of the mounting base 23. The vibration in the vertical direction of the support base 24 is absorbed by the buffer member D and the transmission to the weight W is suppressed. However, since the weight W is also allowed to move in the vertical direction by the housing 22, it can vibrate in the vertical direction. As described above, in the load applying device 2, even if the motorcycle B is vibrated by the vibration exciter 1 and changes its posture, the weight W only moves in the vertical direction, and the saddle post 33 always moves downward vertically. Apply a facing load. The mounting base 23 is rotatable relative to the saddle post 33, and the weight W is allowed to move in the front-rear direction by the linear guide 26 with respect to the saddle post 33, and is allowed to move in the vertical direction by the linear guide 27. Therefore, a load can be applied to the saddle post 33 vertically downward.

  Since the load applying device 2 is configured as described above, the shock absorbing member D absorbs the shock when the shock load that pushes up the two-wheeled vehicle B by the shaker 1 is applied. The transmission of vibration from is reduced. Here, in the conventional load applying device in which the weight is attached to the saddle post in a pendulum manner, when an impact load that pushes up on the two-wheeled vehicle B acts, acceleration acts on the weight W and pushes the saddle post downward by inertia. Impact load acts. In the load application device 2 according to the present embodiment, since the transmission of vibration from the two-wheeled vehicle B side to the weight W is suppressed by the buffer member D, the weight is applied even when an impact load that pushes up the two-wheeled vehicle B is applied. The impact load that pushes down the motorcycle B due to the inertia of W is reduced. Therefore, according to the load applying device 2, when the person actually rides on the two-wheeled vehicle B and gets over the step, a load approximate to the load state applied to the two-wheeled vehicle B from the person is given to the two-wheeled vehicle B. However, according to the load application device 2, a load that approximates a human model can be applied to the two-wheeled vehicle B as the saddle riding vehicle.

  When the shock absorber D is composed of elastic members having different damping characteristics, when an impact load is applied from the vibration exciter 1 to the two-wheeled vehicle B, vibration is absorbed by the first elastic member D1 having a low damping property. Thus, while suppressing the vibration of the motorcycle B to the weight W, the vibration of the weight W after absorbing the vibration of the first elastic member D1 is suppressed by the second elastic member D2 having a high damping property. Can be prevented.

  In addition, since the first elastic member D1 and the second elastic member D2 (elastic member) are formed of synthetic resin, installation between the weight W and the support base 24 is simple, and different resin materials and forming methods are used. By changing the above, it is possible to easily form elastic members having different damping characteristics.

  Furthermore, since the buffer member D is configured by laminating a plurality of first elastic members D1 and second elastic members D2 (elastic members), the number of stacked layers of the first elastic members D1 and the second elastic members D2 respectively. Can be adjusted. By adjusting the number of laminated elastic members, it is possible to tune the vibration transmission characteristics to the weight W and the vibration attenuation characteristics of the weight W when receiving an impact load that pushes up from the saddle post 33. Therefore, a load closer to a human model can be applied to the two-wheeled vehicle B that is a saddle-ride vehicle.

  In addition, the load applying device 2 is mounted on the saddle post 33 so as to be rotatable in the front-rear direction of the motorcycle B, the support base 24 mounted on the mounting base 23 so as to be movable in the front-rear direction, and the support base 24 And a weight W stacked on the buffer member D. For this reason, the load application device 2 always applies the weight W downward to the saddle post 33 vertically even if the vibration is applied to the two-wheeled vehicle B in the vertical direction, the front-rear horizontal vibration and the front-rear rotational vibration. A load that is more similar to the human model can be applied.

  Further, in this example, the load applying device 2 accommodates the weight W, the buffer member D, and the support base 24, and only allows the weight W and the support base 24 to move in the vertical direction, and is attached to the gantry 3. Therefore, the motorcycle B can be prevented from falling in the left-right direction. Since the housing 22 is movable in the front-rear direction of the two-wheeled vehicle B with respect to the gantry 3, the housing 22 is moved to an appropriate position corresponding to the two-wheeled vehicle B in which the position of the saddle post 33 is different, and a load is applied. The device 2 can be attached to the motorcycle B.

  Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 5, the controller C drives the stroke sensors S1, S2, S3, S4 for detecting the displacement of the actuators 42, 43, 52, 53 and the actuators 42, 43, 52, 53. A control unit 61 for controlling, a distance calculation unit 62 for obtaining a linear distance LL between the axles 31 and 32 from the displacements of the actuators 42, 43, 52 and 53 detected by the stroke sensors S1, S2, S3 and S4; A stop determination unit 63 that determines whether to stop driving the actuators 42, 43, 52, 53 based on the linear distance LL between the axles 31, 32 obtained by the unit 62.

  The controller 61 monitors the displacements of the actuators 42, 43, 52, 53, and applies the vibrations to the two-wheeled vehicle B in accordance with the vibration data given to the two-wheeled vehicle B input in advance. Is controlled. Therefore, the controller C can drive and control the actuators 42, 43, 52, 53 to apply vibrations to the axles 31, 32 of the two-wheeled vehicle B so as to perform a vibration test.

  The distance calculation unit 62 obtains a linear distance LL between the axles 31 and 32 from the displacements of the actuators 42, 43, 52, and 53 detected by the stroke sensors S1, S2, S3, and S4. The axle 31 is allowed to be displaced in the Z-axis direction and the X-axis direction by vibrations from the first vertical-axis actuator 42 and the first horizontal-axis actuator 43, but in the Y-axis direction, which is a direction penetrating the paper surface in FIG. Since movement is restricted, it only moves in the ZX plane. Also, the axle 32 is allowed to move in the Z-axis direction and the X-axis direction by the excitation by the second vertical-axis actuator 52 and the second horizontal-axis actuator 53, but the movement in the Y-axis direction is restricted. Therefore, it only moves in the ZX plane. The ZX coordinate on the ZX plane of the axle 31 is obtained from the displacement of the actuators 42 and 43 in the first excitation unit 4, and the ZX on the ZX plane of the axle 32 from the displacement of the actuators 52 and 53 in the second excitation unit 5. If the coordinates are obtained, the linear distance LL between the axles 31 and 32 can be obtained. In this way, the distance calculation unit 62 always obtains the distance between the excitation points, that is, the linear distance LL between the axles 31 and 32, based on the displacement of each actuator 42, 43, 52, 53 during the vibration test. .

  Here, when receiving a load from the first vibration unit 4 and the second vibration unit 5, the linear distance LL between the axles 31 and 32 of the two-wheeled vehicle B is set to the first vibration unit 4 and the second vibration unit 5. It changes from the distance (no load distance) of both when not receiving the load from. When the linear distance LL between the axles 31 and 32 becomes longer than the no-load distance LU, the two-wheeled vehicle B is subjected to a tensile load that separates the axles 31 and 32, and when the linear distance LL becomes shorter than the no-load distance LU, A compressive load that pulls the axles 31 and 32 acts on B. When the stress acting on the components constituting the motorcycle B exceeds the allowable stress of each component due to the tensile load and the compressive load, the component is plastically deformed or broken in some cases. Depending on the design of each component of the motorcycle B, the maximum quoted load and the maximum compressive load within a range where the parts are not damaged are determined, and the quoted load and the compressive load are uniquely determined by the distance between the excitation points. That is, the maximum length Lmax between the axles 31 and 32 on which the maximum tensile load allowable in the two-wheeled vehicle B acts and the minimum length Lmin of the distance between the axles 31 and 32 on which the maximum compressive load allowable in the two-wheeled vehicle B acts are It is obtained in advance from the design specifications of the components of the motorcycle B.

  Therefore, when the linear distance LL between the axles 31 and 32 is monitored during the vibration test and the linear distance LL is greater than or equal to the maximum length Lmax or less than the minimum length Lmin, the actuators 42, 43, 52, and 53 are In the unloaded state, it is not necessary to apply an excessive load to the motorcycle B. That is, before the motorcycle B is damaged by plastic deformation or the like, the actuators 42, 43, 52, 53 can be freely expanded and contracted by an external force, and the motorcycle B is given a maximum allowable tensile load or a maximum allowable compressive load. What is necessary is just not to make the load which exceeds it act.

  Therefore, the controller C includes a stop determination unit 63. The stop determination unit 63 outputs a stop signal to the control unit 61 when the difference ε obtained by subtracting the no-load distance LU from the linear distance LL obtained by the distance calculation unit 62 is equal to or greater than a preset threshold α. To do. When receiving the stop signal, the control unit 61 turns off the current supply to the actuators 42, 43, 52, and 53 so that the controller 61 is in an unloaded state that can be freely expanded and contracted by external force.

  The threshold value α is a value obtained by subtracting the safety margin from the value obtained by subtracting the no-load distance LU from the distance Lmax between the axles 31 and 32 on which the allowable maximum tensile load acts, and is a threshold value having a positive value. The threshold value β is a value obtained by adding a safety margin to a value obtained by subtracting the no-load distance LU from the distance Lmin between the axles 31 and 32 on which the allowable maximum compressive load acts, and is a threshold value having a negative value. When the safety margin is taken into account in setting the threshold value α and the threshold value β, a load that exceeds the allowable load until the control unit 61 unloads the actuators 42, 43, 52, and 53 by the stop signal of the stop determination unit 63. Can be reliably prevented from being applied to the motorcycle B. In other words, if the straight line distance LL is less than the threshold value α and within the range exceeding the threshold value β, the vibration test can be performed without damaging the two-wheeled vehicle B as the specimen, and the range that is less than the threshold value α and exceeds the threshold value β is The normal range. On the other hand, when the straight line distance LL deviates from the normal range, that is, when the threshold value α is equal to or greater than the threshold value α or equal to or less than the threshold value β, the controller C sets the actuators 42, 43, 52, and 53 to be unloaded. The motorcycle B is prevented from being damaged. Note that when the safety margin is not considered in setting the threshold α and the threshold β, the threshold α = Lmax−LU and the threshold β = Lmin−LU.

  Specifically, as shown in the flowchart of FIG. 6, the controller C adds the value obtained by subtracting the safety margin from the value obtained by subtracting the no-load distance from the distance between the axles 31 and 32 on which the allowable maximum tensile load acts. (Step F1). Further, a value obtained by adding the safety margin to the value obtained by subtracting the no-load distance from the distance between the axles 31 and 32 on which the allowable maximum compressive load acts is input to the controller C as the minus threshold value β (step F1).

  The controller C raises the vibration neutral position to perform a vibration test of the motorcycle B. The vibration neutral position is a position where the vibration points are arranged at the center of the vibration stroke to be applied during the test when vibration is applied to the axles 31 and 32 that are the vibration points of the motorcycle B.

  In order to perform the vibration test, in a state where the two-wheeled vehicle B is arranged at the vibration neutral position, no load is applied to the two-wheeled vehicle B in the vertical direction or the horizontal direction. Is a no-load distance. Therefore, the controller C recognizes the no-load distance LU from the ZX coordinates of the axles 31 and 32 at this time (step F2).

  Then, the controller C starts a vibration test, and always obtains a linear distance LL between the axles 31 and 32 during the test (step F3). Subsequently, the controller C obtains a difference ε between the obtained linear distance LL between the axles 31 and 32 and the no-load distance LU (step F4). Further, the controller C determines whether the value of the difference ε is greater than or equal to the threshold value α or less than the threshold value β (step F5). If it is determined in step F5 that the difference ε is greater than or equal to the threshold value α or less than or equal to the threshold value β, the process proceeds to step F6. Otherwise, the process proceeds to step F7. In Step F6, since there is a possibility that the motorcycle B is damaged, the controller C sets the actuators 42, 43, 52, 53 in an unloaded state and applies the load from the actuators 42, 43, 52, 53 to the motorcycle B. remove. On the other hand, in step F7, since there is no possibility of damage to the motorcycle B, the controller C continues to control the actuators 42, 43, 52, 53 to continue the test, and the motorcycle B is vibrated to give vibration. .

  As described above, in the vibration testing machine T, vibration input can be performed with four axes in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction before and after the test body. Therefore, the test body can be arbitrarily excited in both the vertical direction and the horizontal direction. it can. Therefore, according to the vibration testing machine T, it is possible to accurately simulate and vibrate vibrations that may be actually input to the test body, and it is possible to execute vibration tests and fatigue tests with higher effectiveness. In addition, even when a bicycle having a characteristic that the body frame 34 has high rigidity but low strength is used as a test body, it is possible to input vibrations in four axes. Can be given vibration.

  Further, in the vibration testing machine T, when the distance between the excitation points deviates from the preset normal range, the actuators 42, 43, 52, 53 are turned off and the vibration exciter 1 is unloaded. It does not cause a situation where a load that damages the specimen is applied. In a conventional vibration testing machine, instead of an actuator that vibrates horizontally on the rear wheel side axle, the reaction force jig and the rear wheel side axle are connected by a link rod to restrain the horizontal movement, The motorcycle was vibrated so that an unexpected horizontal compression or tensile load was not applied to the motorcycle. On the other hand, in this vibration testing machine T, even if the specimen is vibrated with four axes, a load exceeding the allowable load does not act on the specimen, so that the vibration test can be executed safely without damaging the specimen.

  Further, in the vibration testing machine T of the present example, the vibrator 1 includes a gantry 3, a first oscillating unit 4 attached to the gantry 3 and oscillating one of the oscillating points, and a second oscillating the other. The second vibration unit 5 is attached to the frame 3 so as to be movable in the front-rear direction of the test body. Therefore, the test body can be properly attached to the vibration tester T regardless of the total length of the test body, and the vibration test can be executed. In addition, you may attach not the 2nd vibration part 5 but the 1st vibration part 4 to the mount frame 3 so that a movement to the front-back direction of a test body is possible, both the 1st vibration part 4 and the 2nd vibration part 5 May be attached so as to be movable in the front-rear direction of the specimen.

  Further, in the vibration testing machine T of this example, the first vertical axis actuator 42 and the first horizontal axis actuator 43 in the first excitation unit 4, the second vertical axis actuator 52 and the second horizontal axis in the second excitation unit 5 are used. A shaft actuator 53 is provided upright in the vertical direction. Since all the actuators 42, 43, 52, 53 are set up in the vertical direction in this way, the length of the vibration tester T in the left-right direction in FIG.

  This is the end of the description of the embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the details shown or described.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Excitation machine, 2 ... Load addition apparatus, 3 ... Mount, 4 ... 1st excitation part, 5 ... 2nd excitation part, 31, 32 ... Axle ( Excitation point), 33 ... saddle post, 42 ... first vertical axis actuator, 43 ... first horizontal axis actuator, 45 ... first conversion link, 52 ... second vertical axis actuator 53, second horizontal axis actuator, 55, second conversion link, B, two-wheeled vehicle (test body), T, vibration tester, W, weight.

Claims (6)

A vibration tester characterized by comprising a vibrator for applying a vibration in a vertical direction and a horizontal direction that makes the excitation point close to each other at two excitation points before and after the test body. The vibration testing machine according to claim 1, wherein when the distance between the excitation points deviates from a preset normal range, the vibration exciter is set in an unloaded state. The vibrator is
A frame,
A first excitation unit attached to the gantry and exciting one of the excitation points;
A second excitation unit attached to the gantry and exciting the other of the excitation points;
3. The vibration test according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the first vibration part and the second vibration part is attached to the frame so as to be movable in the front-rear direction of the test body. Machine. The first excitation unit is
A first vertical axis actuator that is capable of extending and contracting and is vertically provided to vibrate the excitation point in the vertical direction;
A first horizontal axis actuator that can be extended and contracted and is provided in a vertical direction;
A first conversion link for converting the expansion and contraction movement of the first horizontal axis actuator into the horizontal reciprocation of the excitation point;
The second excitation unit is
A second vertical axis actuator capable of extending and contracting and vertically provided to vibrate the excitation point in the vertical direction;
A second horizontal axis actuator that can extend and contract and is provided in a vertical direction;
The vibration tester according to claim 3, further comprising: a second conversion link that converts the expansion and contraction movement of the second horizontal axis actuator into the horizontal reciprocation movement of the excitation point. The vibration testing machine according to claim 4, wherein the first conversion link and the second conversion link are installed in the same direction. The test body is a motorcycle,
A load applying device for allowing a weight attached to a saddle post of the motorcycle to rotate in the front-rear direction, move in the front-rear direction, and move in a vertical direction with respect to the saddle post. The vibration testing machine according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

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