JPH1073521A - Two-axial load testing machine - Google Patents
Two-axial load testing machineInfo
- Publication number
- JPH1073521A JPH1073521A JP23057596A JP23057596A JPH1073521A JP H1073521 A JPH1073521 A JP H1073521A JP 23057596 A JP23057596 A JP 23057596A JP 23057596 A JP23057596 A JP 23057596A JP H1073521 A JPH1073521 A JP H1073521A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- load
- horizontal
- vertical load
- horizontal load
- slide bearing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/025—Geometry of the test
- G01N2203/0254—Biaxial, the forces being applied along two normal axes of the specimen
Landscapes
- Testing Of Devices, Machine Parts, Or Other Structures Thereof (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
- Measurement Of Force In General (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は二軸負荷試験機に係
り、特に免震ゴム等の供試体に静的な鉛直荷重と動的な
水平荷重とを同時に加える二軸負荷試験機に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a biaxial load tester, and more particularly to a biaxial load tester for simultaneously applying a static vertical load and a dynamic horizontal load to a specimen such as seismic isolation rubber.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】建築構造物の耐震性を高めるために、免
震ゴムを地盤と建築構造物との間に介在させる工法が開
発されている。このような工法に使用される免震ゴムの
特性を試験するために二軸負荷試験機が使用される。従
来の二軸負荷試験機は、免震ゴム等の供試体を上下から
挟持する加圧盤及び加振台と、この加圧盤に鉛直荷重を
加える鉛直荷重用のアクチュエータと、加振台に繰返し
水平荷重を加える水平荷重用のアクチュエータと、鉛直
荷重用のアクチュエータと加圧盤との間に設けられた鉛
直荷重用のロードセルと、水平荷重用のアクチュエータ
と加振台との間に設けられた水平荷重用のロードセルな
どから構成される。供試体を載置する加振台は、スライ
ドベアリングによって水平方向に変位可能に支持されて
いる。2. Description of the Related Art In order to improve the earthquake resistance of a building structure, a construction method of interposing seismic isolation rubber between the ground and the building structure has been developed. A biaxial load tester is used to test the characteristics of the seismic isolation rubber used in such a construction method. The conventional biaxial load tester consists of a pressurizing plate and a vibration table for holding a test piece such as seismic isolation rubber from above and below, an actuator for vertical load for applying a vertical load to this pressure plate, and a horizontal A horizontal load actuator for applying a load, a vertical load cell provided between the vertical load actuator and the pressure plate, and a horizontal load provided between the horizontal load actuator and the vibration table. It consists of a load cell for The vibration table on which the specimen is placed is supported by a slide bearing so as to be displaceable in the horizontal direction.
【０００３】鉛直荷重用のアクチュエータが加圧盤に静
的な鉛直荷重を加えると、この加圧盤は静的な鉛直荷重
をそのまま供試体に伝達する。これと同時に、水平荷重
用のアクチュエータが加振台に動的な水平荷重を加える
と、加振台は水平方向に変位して供試体に動的な水平荷
重を伝達する。鉛直荷重用及び水平荷重用のロードセル
は夫々供試体に加えられた鉛直荷重及び水平荷重を検出
する。When a vertical load actuator applies a static vertical load to a pressure plate, the pressure plate transmits the static vertical load to the specimen as it is. At the same time, when the horizontal load actuator applies a dynamic horizontal load to the shake table, the shake table is displaced in the horizontal direction and transmits the dynamic horizontal load to the specimen. The load cells for the vertical load and the horizontal load detect the vertical load and the horizontal load applied to the specimen, respectively.
【０００４】水平荷重用のアクチュエータからの水平荷
重は加振台を介して供試体に加えられるので、実際に供
試体に加えられる水平荷重は、水平荷重用のアクチュエ
ータの水平荷重から加振台の変位時のスライドベアリン
グでの摩擦力を減じた値になる。水平荷重用のロードセ
ルは水平荷重用のアクチュエータの水平荷重を検出する
ので、実際に供試体に加えられる水平荷重はこの水平荷
重用のロードセルの検出値を上述のスライドベアリング
での摩擦力で補正しなけらばならない。[0004] Since the horizontal load from the horizontal load actuator is applied to the test specimen via the excitation table, the horizontal load actually applied to the test specimen is determined by the horizontal load of the horizontal load actuator from the horizontal excitation actuator. This value is obtained by reducing the frictional force of the slide bearing at the time of displacement. Since the load cell for horizontal load detects the horizontal load of the actuator for horizontal load, the horizontal load actually applied to the specimen is calculated by correcting the detected value of this load cell for horizontal load with the frictional force of the slide bearing described above. I have to do it.
【０００５】このため、従来の二軸負荷試験機は補正装
置を具備し、この補正装置によって水平荷重用ロードセ
ルの検出値をスライドベアリングでの摩擦力で補正し
て、実際に供試体に加えられる水平荷重を算出してい
る。For this reason, the conventional two-axis load tester is provided with a correction device, which corrects the detected value of the load cell for horizontal load with the frictional force of the slide bearing, and actually applies it to the specimen. The horizontal load is calculated.
【０００６】[0006]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】ところが、上述した従
来の二軸負荷試験機は、スライドベアリングでの摩擦力
が鉛直荷重用のアクチュエータの鉛直荷重の大きさによ
って変化するため、補正装置が複雑な演算処理を必要と
するという問題が存在すると共に、経年変化に伴うスラ
イドベアリングの摩擦係数の変化も考慮しなければなら
ず、供試体に実際に加えられる水平荷重を正確に算出す
ることは極めて困難であるといった問題も存在する。However, in the above-described conventional two-axis load test machine, since the friction force in the slide bearing changes depending on the magnitude of the vertical load of the vertical load actuator, the correction device is complicated. In addition to the fact that arithmetic processing is required, changes in the friction coefficient of the slide bearing due to aging must be taken into account, making it extremely difficult to accurately calculate the horizontal load actually applied to the specimen. There is also a problem that it is.
【０００７】そこで、本発明の目的は、加振台のスライ
ドベアリングの摩擦の影響を受けることなく供試体に実
際に作用する水平荷重を正確に検出することができる二
軸負荷試験機を提供することにある。Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a biaxial load tester capable of accurately detecting a horizontal load actually acting on a test sample without being affected by friction of a slide bearing of a vibration table. It is in.
【０００８】[0008]
【課題を解決するための手段】この目的を達成するため
に請求項１に記載された発明は、鉛直荷重を発生する鉛
直荷重発生装置と、上記鉛直荷重発生装置の鉛直荷重を
供試体に上方から加える加圧盤と、スライドベアリング
によって水平方向に変位可能に支持され、上記供試体を
載置する加振台と、上記加振台に繰返し水平荷重を加え
る水平加振装置とを具備する二軸負荷試験機において、
下端において上記加圧盤を支持するように上記鉛直荷重
発生装置と上記加圧盤との間に配置され、上記鉛直荷重
発生装置の鉛直荷重を上記加圧盤に伝達する水平方向弾
性変形可能な弾性支持部材と、上記加圧盤に連結され、
上記供試体に実際に負荷される実効水平荷重を検出する
実効水平荷重検出装置とを具備することを特徴とするも
のである。Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve this object, the invention described in claim 1 is directed to a vertical load generating device for generating a vertical load, and a vertical load of the vertical load generating device is applied to a specimen. A pressurizing plate to be applied from above, a shaking table which is supported by a slide bearing so as to be displaceable in a horizontal direction, and on which the specimen is mounted, and a horizontal shaking device which repeatedly applies a horizontal load to the shaking table In the load tester,
A horizontal elastically deformable elastic support member disposed between the vertical load generator and the pressure plate so as to support the pressure plate at a lower end, and transmitting a vertical load of the vertical load generator to the pressure plate. And, connected to the press platen,
An effective horizontal load detecting device for detecting an effective horizontal load actually applied to the specimen is provided.
【０００９】鉛直荷重発生装置からの鉛直荷重は加圧盤
を介して供試体に加えられる。この状態で、水平加振装
置からの繰返し水平荷重は加振台を介して供試体に加え
られるが、供試体に実際に作用する実効水平荷重は、水
平加振装置からの水平荷重からスライドベアリングの摩
擦力を減じた値である。この供試体に実際に作用した実
効水平荷重に応じて、水平方向反力が加圧盤と供試体と
の接触面に発生する。実効水平荷重検出装置は、この水
平方向反力を加圧盤を介して検出する。A vertical load from a vertical load generator is applied to a specimen through a pressure plate. In this state, the repeated horizontal load from the horizontal vibration device is applied to the specimen via the vibration table, but the effective horizontal load actually acting on the specimen is calculated from the horizontal load from the horizontal vibration device by the slide bearing. Is the value obtained by reducing the frictional force. A horizontal reaction force is generated on the contact surface between the pressure plate and the test piece according to the effective horizontal load actually applied to the test piece. The effective horizontal load detecting device detects this horizontal reaction force via the pressure plate.
【００１０】加圧盤を支持する支持機構は弾性支持部材
であり、摩擦力を生じるスライドベアリングなどを含ま
ないので、実効水平荷重検出装置は供試体に実際に作用
した実効水平荷重として、水平方向反力を検出する。[0010] Since the support mechanism for supporting the pressure plate is an elastic support member and does not include a slide bearing or the like that generates a frictional force, the effective horizontal load detecting device detects the effective horizontal load actually applied to the test piece as a counter-current in the horizontal direction. Detect force.
【００１１】請求項２に記載された発明は、請求項１に
記載の二軸負荷試験機において、上記弾性支持部材は複
数の板バネであり、上記複数の板バネは上端が上記鉛直
荷重発生装置に接続され、下端が上記加圧盤に接続され
ていることを特徴とするものである。板バネは鉛直荷重
発生装置の鉛直荷重を加圧盤に伝達すると共に、供試体
に実際に作用した実効水平荷重に応じて、加圧盤を水平
方向に変位可能に支持する機能を有するものである。According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the biaxial load testing machine according to the first aspect, the elastic support member is a plurality of leaf springs, and the plurality of leaf springs have upper ends which generate the vertical load. It is connected to a device, and the lower end is connected to the pressure plate. The leaf spring has a function of transmitting the vertical load of the vertical load generator to the pressure plate and supporting the pressure plate so as to be displaceable in the horizontal direction according to the effective horizontal load actually applied to the specimen.
【００１２】[0012]
【発明の実施の形態】以下に本発明による二軸負荷試験
機の実施例を図１及び図２を参照して説明する。図１及
び図２において、台座１には基台２が固着され、この基
台２の上面には一対のガイドレール３が設けられ、この
一対のガイドレール３にはスライドベアリング４が係合
している。このスライドベアリング４には加振台５が取
付けられている。こうして加振台５はガイドレール３及
びスライドベアリング４によって基台２に水平方向に変
位可能に支持されている。加振台５の側部は連結棒６を
介して水平荷重用のアクチュエータ７のピストンロッド
７ａに連結されている。この水平荷重用のアクチュエー
タ７は繰返し水平荷重を発生する。これらの連結棒６と
水平荷重用のアクチュエータ７は水平加振装置を構成す
る。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of a biaxial load tester according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, a base 2 is fixed to the base 1, and a pair of guide rails 3 is provided on the upper surface of the base 2, and a slide bearing 4 is engaged with the pair of guide rails 3. ing. A vibration table 5 is attached to the slide bearing 4. Thus, the vibration table 5 is supported by the base 2 by the guide rail 3 and the slide bearing 4 so as to be displaceable in the horizontal direction. The side of the vibration table 5 is connected to a piston rod 7a of an actuator 7 for horizontal load via a connecting rod 6. The horizontal load actuator 7 repeatedly generates a horizontal load. The connecting rod 6 and the horizontal load actuator 7 constitute a horizontal vibration device.
【００１３】台座１には４本の支柱８及び支持フレーム
９が立設され、これらの支柱８には横枠１０及び取付台
１１が取付けられ、この取付台１１には、鉛直荷重発生
装置を構成する鉛直荷重用のアクチュエータ１２が固定
されている。この鉛直荷重用のアクチュエータ１２のピ
ストンロッド１２ａは、フランジ１３やコイルバネ１４
や鉛直荷重検出用のロードセル１５や耐圧盤１６などを
介して板バネ取付板１７に連結されている。これらの板
バネ取付板１７や耐圧盤１６などは支持フレーム９に支
持されている。On the pedestal 1, four columns 8 and a supporting frame 9 are erected, and a horizontal frame 10 and a mounting table 11 are mounted on these columns 8, and a vertical load generating device is mounted on the mounting table 11. The constituent vertical load actuator 12 is fixed. The piston rod 12a of the actuator 12 for vertical load includes a flange 13 and a coil spring 14
It is connected to a leaf spring mounting plate 17 via a load cell 15 for detecting vertical loads and a pressure plate 16. The leaf spring mounting plate 17 and the pressure plate 16 are supported by the support frame 9.
【００１４】板バネ取付板１７には４本の板バネ１８の
上端が固着され、これらの板バネ１８の下端には加圧盤
１９が取付けられている。板バネ１８は弾性支持部材を
構成する。加圧盤１９は板バネ１８の弾性変形によって
水平方向に変位可能に支持されている。この加圧盤１９
の側面には連結棒２０の一端が固着され、この連結棒２
０の他端には実効水平荷重検出用のロードセル２１が接
続されている。The upper ends of four leaf springs 18 are fixed to the leaf spring mounting plate 17, and a pressure plate 19 is attached to the lower ends of these leaf springs 18. The leaf spring 18 forms an elastic support member. The pressure plate 19 is supported so as to be displaceable in the horizontal direction by elastic deformation of the leaf spring 18. This pressurizing plate 19
One end of a connecting rod 20 is fixed to a side surface of the connecting rod 2.
The other end of 0 is connected to a load cell 21 for detecting an effective horizontal load.
【００１５】上述した基台２や加振台５や加圧盤１９な
どは、恒温槽２２内に収容され、この恒温槽２２は媒体
通路２３、２４を介して制御装置２５に接続されてい
る。The above-mentioned base 2, vibrating table 5, pressurizing plate 19, etc. are housed in a thermostat 22, which is connected to a controller 25 via medium passages 23, 24.
【００１６】次に、この実施例の作用を説明する。免震
ゴム等の供試体Ｓが加振台５に載置され、鉛直荷重用の
アクチュエータ１２が板バネ１８などを介して加圧盤１
９を押圧して、供試体Ｓに所定の鉛直荷重を負荷する。
この状態で、水平荷重用のアクチュエータ７が連結棒６
を介して加振台５に繰返し水平荷重を加えると、この繰
返し水平荷重によって加振台５が水平方向に往復動され
る。この加振台５の往復動はガイドレール３とスライド
ベアリング４とによって案内され、ガイドレール３とス
ライドベアリング４との間に摩擦力を発生する。従っ
て、加振台５に実際に作用する水平荷重、即ち実効水平
荷重は、水平荷重用のアクチュエータ７が発生する水平
荷重から上述の摩擦力を減算した値となる。この実効水
平荷重は、剪断力として加振台５と供試体Ｓとの接触面
に作用する。Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described. A specimen S such as seismic isolation rubber is placed on the vibration table 5, and the actuator 12 for vertical load is pressed by the pressure plate 1
9 is pressed to apply a predetermined vertical load to the specimen S.
In this state, the horizontal load actuator 7 is connected to the connecting rod 6.
When a horizontal load is repeatedly applied to the excitation table 5 via the, the excitation table 5 is reciprocated in the horizontal direction by the repeated horizontal load. The reciprocating motion of the vibration table 5 is guided by the guide rail 3 and the slide bearing 4, and generates a frictional force between the guide rail 3 and the slide bearing 4. Therefore, the horizontal load actually acting on the excitation table 5, that is, the effective horizontal load is a value obtained by subtracting the above-mentioned frictional force from the horizontal load generated by the horizontal load actuator 7. This effective horizontal load acts as a shear force on the contact surface between the excitation table 5 and the specimen S.
【００１７】この実効水平荷重に応じて、水平方向反力
が剪断力として加圧盤１９と供試体Ｓとの接触面に作用
する。なお、この水平方向反力は、大きさが実効水平荷
重と同一で極性が逆である。実効水平荷重用のロードセ
ル２１はこの水平方向反力を加圧盤１９と連結棒２０を
介して検出する。In response to the effective horizontal load, a horizontal reaction force acts on the contact surface between the pressure plate 19 and the specimen S as a shearing force. This horizontal reaction force has the same magnitude as the effective horizontal load but has the opposite polarity. The load cell 21 for the effective horizontal load detects the horizontal reaction force via the pressure plate 19 and the connecting rod 20.
【００１８】他方、鉛直荷重用のロードセル１５は鉛直
荷重用のアクチュエータ１２の鉛直荷重を検出する。な
お、上述の実施例の板バネ１８は、鉛直荷重を加圧盤１
９に伝達する機能と、加圧盤１９を摩擦損失なしに水平
方向に弾性変形可能に支持する機能とを有するものであ
る。弾性支持部材としては、上記の二つの機能を有する
ものであれば、板バネ１８に限ることなく任意の弾性部
材を使用することができる。On the other hand, the load cell 15 for vertical load detects the vertical load of the actuator 12 for vertical load. The leaf spring 18 of the above-described embodiment applies the vertical load to the pressing platen 1.
9 and a function of supporting the pressure plate 19 so as to be elastically deformable in the horizontal direction without frictional loss. As the elastic supporting member, any elastic member can be used without being limited to the leaf spring 18 as long as it has the two functions described above.
【００１９】[0019]
【発明の効果】以上の説明から明らかなように本発明に
よれば、実効水平荷重検出装置は供試体に作用する剪断
力を加圧盤を介して検出するため、加振台のスライドベ
アリングの摩擦力の影響を受けることなく、供試体に実
際に作用する実効水平荷重を検出することができる。As is apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, the effective horizontal load detecting device detects the shearing force acting on the specimen through the pressure plate, so that the friction of the slide bearing of the vibration table is reduced. It is possible to detect the effective horizontal load actually acting on the specimen without being affected by the force.
【図１】本発明による二軸負荷試験機の実施例を示した
正面断面図。FIG. 1 is a front sectional view showing an embodiment of a biaxial load tester according to the present invention.
【図２】実施例の側面断面図。FIG. 2 is a side sectional view of the embodiment.
４ スライドベアリング ５ 加振台 ７ 水平加振装置（水平荷重用のアクチュエータ） １２ 鉛直荷重発生装置（鉛直荷重用のアクチュエー
タ） １８ 弾性支持部材（板バネ） １９ 加圧盤 ２１ 実効水平荷重検出装置（実効水平荷重検出用のロ
ードセル）Reference Signs List 4 slide bearing 5 excitation table 7 horizontal excitation device (actuator for horizontal load) 12 vertical load generation device (actuator for vertical load) 18 elastic support member (leaf spring) 19 pressure plate 21 effective horizontal load detection device (effective Load cell for horizontal load detection)
Claims (2)
上記鉛直荷重発生装置の鉛直荷重を供試体に上方から加
える加圧盤と、スライドベアリングによって水平方向に
変位可能に支持され、上記供試体を載置する加振台と、
上記加振台に繰返し水平荷重を加える水平加振装置とを
具備する二軸負荷試験機において、下端において上記加
圧盤を支持するように上記鉛直荷重発生装置と上記加圧
盤との間に配置され、上記鉛直荷重発生装置の鉛直荷重
を上記加圧盤に伝達する水平方向弾性変形可能な弾性支
持部材と、上記加圧盤に連結され、上記供試体に実際に
負荷される実効水平荷重を検出する実効水平荷重検出装
置とを具備することを特徴とする二軸負荷試験機。1. A vertical load generating device for generating a vertical load,
A pressurizing plate for applying the vertical load of the vertical load generator to the specimen from above, and a vibration table that is supported by a slide bearing so as to be displaceable in the horizontal direction and places the specimen,
In a biaxial load tester comprising a horizontal vibrating device for repeatedly applying a horizontal load to the vibrating table, the biaxial load tester is disposed between the vertical load generating device and the pressing plate so as to support the pressing plate at a lower end. A horizontal elastically deformable elastic support member for transmitting the vertical load of the vertical load generator to the pressing plate; and an effective detecting means for detecting an effective horizontal load actually applied to the test piece, the effective supporting member being connected to the pressing plate. A biaxial load tester comprising a horizontal load detector.
上記複数の板バネは上端が上記鉛直荷重発生装置に接続
され、下端が上記加圧盤に接続されていることを特徴と
する請求項１に記載の二軸負荷試験機。2. The elastic support member comprises a plurality of leaf springs,
2. The biaxial load test machine according to claim 1, wherein an upper end of the plurality of leaf springs is connected to the vertical load generator, and a lower end is connected to the pressure plate. 3.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP23057596A JPH1073521A (en) | 1996-08-30 | 1996-08-30 | Two-axial load testing machine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP23057596A JPH1073521A (en) | 1996-08-30 | 1996-08-30 | Two-axial load testing machine |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH1073521A true JPH1073521A (en) | 1998-03-17 |
Family
ID=16909901
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP23057596A Pending JPH1073521A (en) | 1996-08-30 | 1996-08-30 | Two-axial load testing machine |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH1073521A (en) |
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