JP2016537427A - 一酸化炭素を用いた肺疾患の治療または予防 - Google Patents
一酸化炭素を用いた肺疾患の治療または予防 Download PDFInfo
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- PJVWKTKQMONHTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N warfarin Chemical compound OC=1C2=CC=CC=C2OC(=O)C=1C(CC(=O)C)C1=CC=CC=C1 PJVWKTKQMONHTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
本願は、「TREATMENT OR PREVENTION OF PULMONARY CONDITIONS WITH CARBON MONOXIDE」というタイトルで、2013年11月14日に出願された、US61/904,047、及び「TREATMENT OR PREVENTION OF PULMONARY CONDITIONS WITH CARBON MONOXIDE」というタイトルで、2014年5月14日に出願されたUS61/993,137に対する優先権を主張し、これらの開示は、その全体が参照として組み込まれる。
さらに、CO療法の可能性は、少量の服用量であっても、COの毒性学の不十分な理解によって妨げられている。例えば、COの長期にわたる投与の中毒作用は、心性の、及び神経毒性などの肺外作用を含み得る。Mitchell et al., Evaluation of inhaled carbon monoxide as an anti−inflammatory therapy in a nonhuman primate model of lung inflammation. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 299: L891− L897 (2010)。これは、めまい、眠気、嘔吐、頭痛、及び運動協調性の低下を含む、CO中毒の既知の臨床症状には含まれない。長期にわたるCOの曝露は、呼吸困難、失見当識、胸痛、意識消失、または昏睡を引き起こすことが知られており、最終的には、死を招く場合もある。低用量COの長期にわたる曝露は、記憶喪失、ならびに他の認知に関するような、及び神経性の合併症を引き起こし得る。ラットの吸入研究では、COは脳内に酸化的損傷を引き起こし得るということが明らかになっている。Ryter et al., Heme Oxygenase−1/Carbon Monoxide:From Basic Science to Therapeutic Applications Physiol Rev 86:583−650 2006。さらに、心臓血管に原疾患を有する患者は、CO中毒において、重篤なリスクが存在する場合があり、そのリスクは、心筋虚血症、または心筋梗塞を含む。
CFK方程式:
A=PCO2/M[HBO2]
B=1/DLco+PL/VA
M=COに対する血液の親和性対O2に対する血液の親和性の割合
[HbO2]=血液1mlあたりのO2(ml)
[HbCO]t=時間tにおける、血液1mlあたりのCO(ml)
[HbCO]0=曝露の合間の開始時における血液1mlあたりのCO(ml)
PCO2=肺毛細血管中の酸素の平均分圧(mmHg)
Vco=内因性のCO生成率(ml/分)
DLCO=COに対する肺の拡散量(ml/分×mmHg)
PL=大気圧−体温における水分の蒸気圧(mmHg)
Vb=肺の血量
PICO=吸入空気中の分圧(mmHg)
VA=肺胞換気量(ml/分)
t=曝露時間(分)
exp=2.7182、括弧内の式のべき乗である、自然対数の底
より早い時点でのCOHbの血液測定に基づいて、60分の時点でのCO−Hb濃度を予測する能力について検査するために、4体の子どものヒヒに導入した肺炎レンサ球菌(S. pneumoniae)のモデルで実験を実施した。200ppmのCO投与の10、20、30、40、及び50分後に測定されたCOHb濃度を用いて、MATLAB(マスワークス社)で作成したコンピュータプログラムが、CFK方程式で、推定のDLCO(未測定の生理的変数を含む)を逆算するために用いられた(Coburn et al. JCI, 43: 1098−1103, 1964; Peterson et al. JAP, Vol. 39, No. 4, 633−638, 1975)。次いで、推定のDLCO、及び測定した時点のCO−Hb濃度を用いて、コンピュータは次にCO曝露60分後のCO−Hb濃度を予測するためにCFK方程式を用いた。予測されたCOHb濃度と測定したCOHb濃度の間の良好な相関関係が存在した(下表)。この方法は、20分時点のCOHb濃度を用いて、高精度で(R2=0.9878)、60分時点のCO−Hb濃度を予測するために用いることが可能である、と判断した。
選択基準
●18歳以上、及び85歳以下の成人
●生体組織検査、またはATS/ERS/ALATのガイドライン(Am J Respir Crit Care Med Vol 183. pp 788−824, 2011)による、IPFの診断
●50%以上のFVCが予測され、IPFに対して処方されたあらゆる薬物を、1カ月以上断っている
除外基準
●過去1カ月の間における活動性感染のエビデンス
●顕著な閉塞性呼吸障害
●安静時88%以上の酸素飽和度を維持するために酸素補充が必要
●過去1年間の心筋梗塞、過去3年間の心不全または薬物療法を必要とする心不整脈の既往
●スクリーニング時4週以内の喫煙歴
●妊娠中、または授乳中
●別の治療臨床試験への参加
Claims (18)
- 肺疾患を有する患者を治療する方法で、
前記患者の標的血中ヘモグロビン一酸化炭素濃度を確認すること、
初期期間に第1の濃度で、一酸化炭素を前記患者へ投与すること、
前記患者の血中ヘモグロビン一酸化炭素濃度を測定すること、
測定された前記ヘモグロビン一酸化炭素濃度及び標的ヘモグロビン一酸化炭素濃度に基づいて、確定した期間内で、前記標的ヘモグロビン一酸化炭素濃度に到達するために必要な一酸化炭素の用量を算出すること、及び
前記患者の前記標的血中ヘモグロビン一酸化炭素濃度を達成するために、確定した期間において、算出された前記一酸化炭素の用量を患者へ投与すること、を含む、前記方法。 - 治療期間において、第2の濃度で一酸化炭素を前記患者に投与することをさらに含み、そこにおいて、前記患者の達成された前記標的血中ヘモグロビン一酸化炭素濃度が、治療期間中実質的に維持される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記肺疾患が、肺線維症、喘息、肺気腫、慢性閉塞性肺疾患(COPD)、肺動脈性高血圧症(PAH)、嚢胞性線維症(CF)、急性呼吸窮迫症候群(ARDS)、気管支拡張症、人工呼吸器関連肺炎(VA)、及び肺移植から選択される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記肺疾患が肺線維症である、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記肺線維症が特発性肺線維症(IPF)である、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記初期期間が約5分と約1時間の間である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記標的ヘモグロビン一酸化炭素濃度が、約7%と約15%の間である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記標的ヘモグロビン一酸化炭素濃度が、約8%と約12%の間である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記第1の濃度が、約100ppmと約2000ppmの間である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記治療期間が、約30分と約3時間の間である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記第2の濃度が、約20ppmと約500ppmの間である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記初期期間中の前記投与、または前記確定した期間中の前記投与、あるいはその両方が、人工呼吸器を用いて実行される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記初期期間中の前記投与、または前記確定した期間中の前記投与、あるいはその両方が、体外潅流装置を用いて実行される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記初期期間中の前記投与、または前記確定した期間中の前記投与、あるいはその両方が、補助呼吸なしで実行される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記患者が、80%未満の努力肺活量(FVC)を有する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記患者が、40%未満の努力肺活量(FVC)を有する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記患者が、マトリックスメタロプロテアーゼ−1(MMP1)、マトリックスメタロプロテアーゼ−7(MMP7)、またはマトリックスメタロプロテアーゼ−8(MMP8)のうち、少なくとも1つの血中濃度を上昇させる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記患者の一酸化炭素肺拡散能力を算出することを含む、一酸化炭素の前記投与量を算出する、請求項1に記載の方法。
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US61/993,137 | 2014-05-14 | ||
PCT/US2014/065822 WO2015073912A1 (en) | 2013-11-14 | 2014-11-14 | Treatment or prevention of pulmonary conditions with carbon monoxide |
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