JP2016536634A - 光の進入を制御するためのデバイス - Google Patents
光の進入を制御するためのデバイス Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
少なくとも1種類の二色性化合物を含む液晶媒体を含むスイッチ性層Sを含み、
層Sの厚さdおよび層Sの液晶媒体の光学異方性Δnに以下が適用され、
d<2μm/Δn
層Sの液晶媒体の分子は、電圧を印加していないデバイスのスイッチ状態または電圧を印加したデバイスのスイッチ状態においてツイストネマチック状態であるデバイスに関する。
d<1μm/Δn。
d<0.9μm/Δnおよびd>0.2μm/Δn。
ここで、Δnはスイッチ層Sの液晶媒体の光学的異方性である。
0.1<d/p<0.75、好ましくは
0.3<d/p<0.65、特に好ましくは
0.4<d/p<0.55
ただし、dは層Sの厚さである。
1)基板層、好ましくはガラス層またはポリマー層
2)導電性層、好ましくはITO層
3)配向層O1
4)スイッチ性層S
5)配向層O2
6)導電性層、好ましくはITO層
7)基板層、好ましくはガラス層またはポリマー層
本明細書においては、デバイスが更なる層を含むことを除外しない。
1)ガラス層
2)導電性層、好ましくはITO層
3)配向層
4)スイッチ性層
5)配向層
6)導電性層、好ましくはITO層
7)ガラス層
8)ガラス層
ただし、ガラス層7)および8)の間にはフリースペースが存在し、これは、例えば希ガスなどの絶縁ガスで充填されてよい。
本発明によるデバイスE1〜E7および比較デバイスV1〜V6を製造する。
a)ガラス層、Corning社製1.1mm研磨ソーダ石灰ガラスを含む、
b)ITO層、200オングストローム
c)配向層O1、JSR社製300オングストロームのポリイミドAL−1054をラビングしたものまたは日産社製300オングストロームのポリイミドSE−3140をラビングしたものを含む
d)スイッチ性層、液晶媒体(対応する例の場合で、下に示す組成および厚さ)含む
e)配向層O2、c)と同様に構築;層c)のラビング方向に対して下に示す角度でラビングしたもの
f)b)に同じ
g)a)に同じ
電気的にスイッチ性とするために、対応してITO層を結線する。
式中、pはμmで入力され、層の種々の厚さdおよび種々のツイスト角に対してpの値を以下の通り得る:
p=d/0.10 90°ツイストに対して
p=d/0.40 180°ツイストに対して
p=d/0.48 220°ツイストに対して
p=d/0.53 240°ツイストに対して
p=d/0.57 270°ツイストに対して。
両方の場合で、明透過率τv brightは70%である。
両方の場合で、明透過率τv brightは59.7%である。
両方の場合で、明透過率τv brightは79.3%である。
両方の場合で、明透過率τv brightは69.9%である。
比較デバイスV4よりも本発明によるデバイスE4のほうが著しく低い暗透過率を有し、よって、同明透過率について著しく高い範囲を有する。比較デバイスはツイストが0°で、d×Δnのμmでの値が2より大きいことを特徴とする。
全ての場合で、明透過率τv brightは71.0%である。
全ての場合で、明透過率τv brightは71.0%である。
全ての場合で、545nmにおける明透過率Tbrightは61.0%である。
Claims (26)
- 室内への光の進入を制御するためのデバイスであって、
少なくとも1種類の二色性化合物を含む液晶媒体を含むスイッチ性層Sを含み、
層Sの厚さdおよび層Sの液晶媒体の光学異方性Δnに以下が適用され、
d<2μm/Δn
層Sの液晶媒体の分子は、電圧を印加していないデバイスのスイッチ状態または電圧を印加したデバイスのスイッチ状態においてツイストネマチック状態であるデバイス。 - 層Sの厚さdおよび層Sの液晶媒体の光学異方性Δnに以下が適用される
d<0.9μm/Δn
および
d>0.2μm/Δn
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のデバイス。 - スイッチ性層Sの片側にO1と呼ぶ配向層が1層のみ隣接しており、スイッチ性層Sの反対側にO2と呼ぶ他の配向層が1層のみ隣接していることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載のデバイス。
- 層Sの隣接領域において、配向層O1およびO2は、それぞれ、液晶媒体の分子の配向軸が異なる配向となるよう作用するように設計されていることを特徴とする請求項3に記載のデバイス。
- 配向層O1およびO2のラビング方向は、30〜270°の角度を含むことを特徴とする請求項3または4に記載のデバイス。
- 配向層O1およびO2は、配向層に隣接する層Sの液晶媒体の分子のホモジニアス配向となるよう作用することを特徴とする請求項3〜5のいずれか1項に記載のデバイス。
- 配向層O1およびO2は、層Sに隣接する配向層の表面上にラビングされたポリイミドを有することを特徴とする請求項3〜6のいずれか1項に記載のデバイス。
- 電圧を印加しない状態でホモジニアス配向の場合、層Sの液晶媒体の分子の配向軸は、配向層O1またはO2の面に対して1°〜10°の角度を含むことを特徴とする請求項3〜7のいずれか1項に記載のデバイス。
- 電圧を印加しない状態でホメオトロピック配向の場合、層Sの液晶媒体の分子の配向軸は、配向層O1またはO2の面に対して89°〜90°の角度を含むことを特徴とする請求項3〜7のいずれか1項に記載のデバイス。
- 偏光板を含まないことを特徴とする請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載のデバイス。
- 層Sは、2および12μmの間の厚さを有することを特徴とする請求項1〜10のいずれか1項に記載のデバイス。
- 層Sは、少なくとも30%の欧州規格EN410式(1)に従って計算される明状態の光透過率τv brightを有することを特徴とする請求項1〜11のいずれか1項に記載のデバイス。
- 層Sは、少なくとも2種類の異なる二色性化合物を含むことを特徴とする請求項1〜12のいずれか1項に記載のデバイス。
- デバイスの全てのスイッチ状態において通して見ると、無色であることを特徴とする請求項1〜13のいずれか1項に記載のデバイス。
- 少なくとも1種類の二色性化合物は、アゾ化合物類、アントラキノン類、メチン化合物類、アゾメチン化合物類、メロシアニン化合物類、ナフトキノン類、テトラジン類、ペリレン類、テリレン類、クアテリレン類、高級リレン類、スクアレイン類、ベンゾチアジアゾール類、ジケトピロロピロール類およびピロメテン類から選択されることを特徴とする請求項1〜14のいずれか1項に記載のデバイス。
- 電圧を印加していないデバイスのスイッチ状態において液晶媒体の分子がツイストネマチック状態でホモジニアス配向であり、電圧を印加したデバイスのスイッチ状態においてツイストしていないネマチック状態でホメオトロピック配向であることを特徴とする請求項1〜15のいずれか1項に記載のデバイス。
- ツイストネマチック状態にある層Sの液晶媒体の分子の配向軸のツイストは、全層厚に渡って100°および260°の間であることを特徴とする請求項1〜16のいずれか1項に記載のデバイス。
- ツイストネマチック状態にある層Sの液晶媒体の分子の配向軸のツイストは、全層厚に渡って320°および3回転の間であることを特徴とする請求項1〜16のいずれか1項に記載のデバイス。
- 液晶媒体の誘電異方性Δεは3より高いか、または−3より低いことを特徴とする請求項1〜18のいずれか1項に記載のデバイス。
- 液晶媒体は1種類以上のキラル化合物を、0.01〜3重量%の総濃度で含むことを特徴とする請求項1〜19のいずれか1項に記載のデバイス。
- 光エネルギーを電気エネルギーに変換するデバイスを含むことを特徴とする請求項1〜20のいずれか1項に記載のデバイス。
- 反射を防止するよう設計されている1層以上のガラス層を含むことを特徴とする請求項1〜21のいずれか1項に記載のデバイス。
- 少なくとも0.05m2の領域範囲を有することを特徴とする請求項1〜22のいずれか1項に記載のデバイス。
- 表面を通して室内への光の進入をホモジニアス制御するのに適切なことを特徴とする請求項1〜23のいずれか1項に記載のデバイス。
- 請求項1〜24のいずれか1項に記載のデバイスを含有する窓。
- 光透過表面を通して室内への光の通過をホモジニアス制御するための請求項1〜23のいずれか1項に記載のデバイスの使用。
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