JP2016535161A - 磁性樹脂化合物、磁性樹脂化合物の製造方法、及びその利用 - Google Patents
磁性樹脂化合物、磁性樹脂化合物の製造方法、及びその利用 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2016535161A JP2016535161A JP2016548405A JP2016548405A JP2016535161A JP 2016535161 A JP2016535161 A JP 2016535161A JP 2016548405 A JP2016548405 A JP 2016548405A JP 2016548405 A JP2016548405 A JP 2016548405A JP 2016535161 A JP2016535161 A JP 2016535161A
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Abstract
Description
Γ(CH2)3N(2 n+1 −1)R1 (2 n+2 −2)R2 (2 n+1 )…(I)
(式中、Γは表面がSiO2で覆われた磁性粒子を示し、前記磁性粒子はシランカップリング剤により修飾されており、(CH2)3N(2 n+1 −1)R1 (2 n+2 −2)は樹枝状基であり、R2 (2 n+1 )は親油基であり、かつ0≦n≦100である)で示される分子式を有する磁性デンドリマー化合物。
2)本発明の項目1)に係る磁性デンドリマー化合物の一実施形態では、前記磁性粒子が磁性ナノ粒子である。
−(CH2)2CONH(CH2)2NH−…(II)
で示される繰り返し構造単位を有するポリアミドアミンデンドリマー高分子から選択される。
式中、Γは1nmから100nmの粒径を有する磁性ナノ粒子を表し、0≦n≦10かつ1≦m≦18である。また、上記磁性ナノ粒子ΓはFe3O4、Ni、およびγ−Fe2O3からなる群より選択される少なくとも1つのものを含み、かつその外殻がSiO2で覆われていることによりコアシェル型Fe3O4&SiO2磁性ナノ粒子を構成していることが好ましい。さらに、上記コアシェル型Fe3O4&SiO2磁性ナノ粒子は、例えば、3−アミノプロピルトリエトキシシラン、3−グリシジルオキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン、3−アミノプロピルトリメトキシシランなどのシランカップリング剤により修飾されていることが最も好ましい。
Γ(CH2)3N(2 n+1 −1)[(CH2)2CONH(CH2)2NH](2 n+2 −2)(CmH2m+1)2 n+1…(III)
(式中、Γは表面がSiO2で覆われた磁性粒子を示し、前記磁性粒子はシランカップリング剤により修飾されており、(CH2)3N(2 n+1 −1)R1 (2 n+2 −2)は樹枝状基であり、(CmH2m+1)2 n+1は親油基であり、0≦n≦10であり、かつ1≦m≦18である)で示される磁性ポリアミドアミン化合物から選択される。
上記磁性デンドリマー化合物の磁気はデンドリマー化合物の添加により弱められることはない。振動試料型磁力計(VSM)を用いてFe3O4磁性ナノ粒子およびFe3O4ナノスケール磁性デンドリマー化合物に対して磁気ヒステリシスループ分析を行う。これにより、いずれの飽和磁化においても著しい低下は認められなかった。この分析からわかるように、製造された本発明の磁性デンドリマー化合物は比較的強力な磁性を有している。本発明の磁性デンドリマー化合物を含む潤滑油は正確かつ素早く摩耗部分に到達し、摩擦対の表面に保護油膜を形成することができる。従って、上記磁性デンドリマー化合物は摩耗標的効果を有する。
上記コアシェル型Fe3O4&SiO2磁性ナノ粒子は上記磁性デンドリマー化合物の製造のために表面修飾されている。コア(Fe3O4&SiO2)と表面修飾剤(上記デンドリマー化合物)はいずれもナノサイズ(1〜100nm)であるため、製造された上記磁性粒子デンドリマー化合物もまたナノサイズになる。第5世代磁性デンドリマー化合物に対する粒径分析は透過電子顕微鏡を用いて行われる。上記ナノスケールデンドリマー化合物の粒径は、好ましくは約30nmである。よって、本発明のナノデンドリマー化合物を含む潤滑油は摩耗した摩擦対の表面に対して修復効果を有する。
本発明の磁性デンドリマー化合物は基油への良好な溶解性を有し、I、II、IIIおよびIVを基油または合成油に溶解できる。これは、本発明のデンドリマー化合物がその末端において長鎖アルキル基などの親油基を有しているためである。
耐摩耗添加剤としての本発明の磁性デンドリマー化合物は、エンジン用潤滑剤などの潤滑剤に添加することで、優秀な耐摩耗性能を示す。例えば、第5世代磁性ポリアミドアミン化合物は基油100Nに溶解することができる。それによって得られた混合物の耐摩耗性能をSRV多機能摩擦摩耗試験機で検査する。負荷の増加に伴い、摩耗係数はわずかに減少し、0.119付近で安定する。これは、摩擦対の表面上に油膜が徐々に形成され、安定するためである。この試験で示されるように、第5世代磁性ポリアミドアミン化合物は優れた耐摩耗性能を有している。また、上記磁性デンドリマー化合物はナノスケールの粒子であるため、物体の表面に油膜を形成するだけでなく、物体の表面にある穴や傷に詰めることもできる。これにより、物体の表面にある穴や傷が埋められ、これによりその物体の表面を修復することができる。さらに、本発明の磁性デンドリマー化合物を含む潤滑剤は物体の表面を冷やしたり、封止したりする効果と共に、優秀な極圧効果も有している。
本発明の磁性デンドリマー化合物はS、P、Cl、Pbなどの有害物質を当然含んでいないため、耐摩耗添加剤などの添加剤としてどんな潤滑剤に添加された場合も環境被害を引き起こすことは全くない。
Claims (17)
- 下記式(I)
Γ(CH2)3N(2 n+1 −1)R1 (2 n+2 −2)R2 (2 n+1 )…(I)
(式中、Γは表面がSiO2で覆われた磁性粒子を示し、前記磁性粒子はシランカップリング剤により修飾されており、(CH2)3N(2 n+1 −1)R1 (2 n+2 −2)は樹枝状基であり、R2 (2 n+1 )は親油基であり、かつ0≦n≦100である)で示される分子式を有する磁性デンドリマー化合物。 - 前記磁性粒子が磁性ナノ粒子であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の磁性デンドリマー化合物。
- 0≦n≦10であることを特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載の磁性デンドリマー化合物。
- 前記磁性粒子がFe3O4、Ni、およびγ−Fe2O3からなる群より選択された少なくとも1つのものを含むことを特徴とする、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の磁性デンドリマー化合物。
- 前記磁性粒子が外殻をSiO2で覆われたコアシェル型Fe3O4&SiO2磁性ナノ粒子から選択され、かつ該磁性粒子はシランカップリング剤で修飾されたものであることを特徴とする、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の磁性デンドリマー化合物。
- 前記シランカップリング剤が3−アミノプロピルトリエトキシシラン、3−グリシジルオキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン、または3−アミノプロピルトリメトキシシランであることを特徴とする、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の磁性デンドリマー化合物。
- R1が下記式(II)
−(CH2)2CONH(CH2)2NH−…(II)
で示される繰り返し構造単位を有するポリアミドアミンデンドリマーから選択されることを特徴とする、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の磁性デンドリマー化合物。 - R2が直鎖または分岐鎖の炭素数が1〜18のアルキル基からなる群より選択されることを特徴とする、請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の磁性デンドリマー化合物。
- 請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載の磁性デンドリマー化合物の製造方法であって、
(a)SiO2で覆われた磁性粒子を供給する工程と、
(b)前記磁性粒子の表面をシランカップリング剤で修飾し、修飾後の磁性粒子をデンドリマーと反応させて、該デンドリマーを磁性ナノ粒子と結合する工程と、
(c)工程(b)により得られた、前記デンドリマーと磁性ナノ粒子とを結合したものを、親油基を有する化合物と反応させて上記磁性デンドリマー化合物を製造する工程を含む製造方法。 - 親油基を有する前記化合物がハロゲン化炭化水素であり、好ましくはハロアルカンであり、より好ましくはモノヨードアルカンであることを特徴とする、請求項9に記載の製造方法。
- 潤滑油用耐摩耗添加剤の製造における請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載の磁性デンドリマー化合物の使用。
- 請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載の磁性デンドリマー化合物を含む潤滑剤。
- 上記磁性デンドリマー化合物の含有量が100重量ppmから5重量%であることを特徴とする、請求項12に記載の潤滑剤。
- Feおよび/またはNiの含有量が0.01重量ppmから0.20重量%であり、好ましくは0.01重量ppmから429重量ppmであることを特徴とする、請求項12または13に記載の潤滑剤。
- Siの含有量が0.01重量ppmから0.20重量%であり、好ましくは0.01重量ppmから20.1重量ppmであることを特徴とする、請求項12〜14のいずれか1項に記載の潤滑剤。
- 前記磁性デンドリマー化合物が、下記式(III)
Γ(CH2)3N(2 n+1 −1)[(CH2)2CONH(CH2)2NH](2 n+2 −2)(CmH2m+1)2 n+1…(III)
(式中、Γは表面がSiO2で覆われた磁性粒子を示し、前記磁性粒子はシランカップリング剤により修飾されており、(CH2)3N(2 n+1 −1)R1 (2 n+2 −2)は樹枝状基であり、(CmH2m+1)2 n+1は親油基であり、0≦n≦10であり、かつ1≦m≦18である)で示される磁性ポリアミドアミン化合物から選択されることを特徴とする、請求項12〜15のいずれか1項に記載の潤滑剤。 - 前記磁性ポリアミドアミン化合物において、nは5〜9から選択される整数であり、mは9〜13から選択される整数であることを特徴とする、請求項16に記載の潤滑油。
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