JP2016529916A - 蛍光タンパク質に特異的なt細胞受容体を有する遺伝子導入動物の作製方法 - Google Patents
蛍光タンパク質に特異的なt細胞受容体を有する遺伝子導入動物の作製方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、蛍光タンパク質に特異的なT細胞受容体、遺伝子導入動物、それらの作製方法、単離T細胞、および、それらの使用方法に関する。
脊椎動物の適応可能な免疫系は、宿主を感染症から守る。T細胞は、T細胞受容体(「TCR」)を介して抗原を認識することによって、免疫応答における中心的オーガナイザの役割を担う。T細胞の特異性は、そのTCRの配列に依存する。この受容体のための遺伝子テンプレートは、胸腺内でのT細胞成長中に、各々のTCRに特有な抗原特異性を付与するV(D)J DNA再編成プロセスによって形成される。TCRは、T細胞機能、成長および生存に重要な役割を担う。抗原受容体の発生を妨害する遺伝障害は、T細胞成長を妨げ、免疫不全を生じる。免疫応答を組織する上でのT細胞の重要性を考慮すると、特定の抗原特異性を有するT細胞を生成できることが望ましい。
本発明は、蛍光タンパク質に特異的なT細胞受容体をコードするポリヌクレオチド配列を含むゲノムを有する遺伝子導入非ヒト哺乳動物に関する。この場合の非ヒト哺乳動物のT細胞は、そのT細胞受容体を含む。
GFP特異性TCRマウスを創出するために、体細胞核移植(SCNT)アプローチを使用した。BALB/cxC57BL/6F1(B6CF1)マウスを、GFPコード化DNAベクターで接種した。BALB/cxC57BL/6交雑種を用いることにより、H‐2Kd対立遺伝子上のGFPを識別するGFP特異性T細胞を誘発させることが可能だった。BALB/cマウス、NODマウスおよびNOD/SCIDマウスのすべてがH‐2Kd対立遺伝子を有するため、H‐2Kd対立遺伝子は、抗原特異性TCRマウスの最も多様な利用を可能にする。H‐2KdハプロタイプのC57BL/6マウスについては、複数の共通遺伝子系統が存在する。最も顕著なものが、B10.D2マウスおよびB6.D2マウスである。このことは、GFPを発現するものを含むC57BL/6マウスのいずれもが、B10.D2またはB6.D2マウスと交配可能であり、すべてのF1後代がH‐2Kd対立遺伝子を有することを意味する。H‐2Kd上に提示されるGFPの免疫優性エピトープが既知であり(GFP200‐208)、このことは、GFP特異性T細胞のテトラマー/ペンタマー染色による測定検出を可能にする(図1)。
T細胞のGFP特異性死滅能力は、αGFPマウスから特徴づけられた。CD8+T細胞を、αGFPマウスまたは対照マウス(B10D2)から単離し、eFluor670色素で標識し、正常なB10D2マウス、または少数の脾細胞でGFPを発現するマウスへ移入した。マウスにGFPを接種し、その5日後に脾臓を採集し、GFP+細胞の頻度を、蛍光顕微鏡法およびFACSによって記録した(図6A)。αGFP T細胞を受けたマウスでは、GFP+細胞は、実質的に検知不可能であった。このことは、αGFP T細胞が、GFP発現脾細胞を死滅させたことを示す。重要なことに、GFP発現マウスへ移入されたαGFP T細胞では、eFluor670色素が完全に希釈された(図6B)が、αGFP T細胞が移入された野生型マウスでは、色素希釈は全くなかった。GFP発現マウスへ移入された野生型CD8+T細胞でも色素希釈は全くなかった。したがって、データは、αGFP T細胞がGFPの存在に応じて増殖し、GFP発現細胞を殺すことを例証している。
次に、αGFP T細胞が、インシュリン生成β細胞に特異的にGFPを発現するマウス(MIP‐GFPマウス)で、β細胞死滅および糖尿病を誘発させるために使用できるかどうかを判定した。CD8+T細胞を、αGFPマウスまたはB10D2対照から採集し、3x106αGFP T細胞を、MIP‐GFPマウスへ移入した。その次の日に、マウスをGFPに対して免疫化した。際立って、6日以内に、GFP特異性T細胞を注入した4匹のマウスはすべて、250mg/dlを超えるグルコース・レベルを有した。このことは、インシュリン・レベルの降下を示す(図7A)。代わって、対照T細胞を受けたMIP‐GFPマウスのすべては、すべての判定で、正常血糖であった。
一般的に用いられるレポーター遺伝子、緑色蛍光タンパク質(GFP)を認識する最初の抗原特異性TCRマウスが発明された。線虫内のレポーターとしての最初の適用(参照により全文が本文に援用されるChalfie et al., 「Green Fluorescent Protein as a Marker for Gene Expression,」 Science263:802‐805(1994))以来、GFPは、何千もの異なる応用および動物モデルへ用いられるようになり、免疫学者、腫瘍生物学者およびウイルス学者には非常に貴重な技術になっている(参照により全文が本文に援用されるChudakov et al., 「Fluorescent Proteins and their Applications In Imaging Living Cells and Tissues,」 Physiol. Rev.90:1103‐1163(2010))。しかし、GFPは、モデル免疫抗原としては使用されていなかった。以前には想定不可能であったがαGFPマウスで可能になる多くのタイプの研究がある。以下のものは、特に注目に値する。(1)蛍光撮像技術(流動細胞計測法、顕微鏡観察法など)を用いて、抗原を視覚化する能力、および抗原を含む細胞の除去。(2)GFP発現ウイルスおよびGFPマウスを含む既存のGFP試薬の利用性。(3)自己免疫応答をモデル化するための、実質的にどの細胞種においても抗原特異性免疫応答を誘発させる効力。(4)異なるGFP発現病原体および病原体変異体に対する免疫応答を研究できる可能性。および(5)抗原特異性T細胞応答の生細胞撮像研究のために、抗原を視覚化する、また、抗原を提示する細胞をマークする効力。
Claims (39)
- 蛍光タンパク質に特異的なT細胞受容体をコードするポリヌクレオチド配列を含むゲノムを有する遺伝子導入非ヒト哺乳動物であって、該非ヒト哺乳動物のT細胞が前記T細胞受容体を含む、前記遺伝子導入非ヒト哺乳動物。
- 齧歯動物である、請求項1に記載の遺伝子導入非ヒト哺乳動物。
- 前記齧歯動物がマウスである、請求項2に記載の遺伝子導入非ヒト哺乳動物。
- 前記蛍光タンパク質が、緑色蛍光タンパク質または黄色蛍光タンパク質のいずれかである、請求項1に記載の遺伝子導入非ヒト哺乳動物。
- 前記蛍光タンパク質が配列番号:5を含む、請求項1に記載の遺伝子導入非ヒト哺乳動物。
- 前記ポリヌクレオチド配列が、配列番号:1、配列番号:3、および配列番号:1と配列番号:3の両方からなる群より選択されたポリヌクレオチド配列を含む、請求項1に記載の遺伝子導入非ヒト哺乳動物。
- 前記T細胞受容体が、配列番号:2、配列番号:4、および配列番号:2と配列番号:4の両方からなる群より選択されたアミノ酸配列を含む、請求項1に記載の遺伝子導入非ヒト哺乳動物。
- 前記T細胞受容体が、主要組織適合複合体(MHC)IまたはIIに装填される蛍光タンパク質に特異的である、請求項1に記載の遺伝子導入非ヒト哺乳動物。
- 請求項1に記載の遺伝子導入非ヒト哺乳動物からの単離T細胞。
- 蛍光タンパク質に特異的なT細胞受容体をコードするポリヌクレオチド配列を含む発現構築物を含む、単離T細胞。
- 前記蛍光タンパク質が、緑色蛍光タンパク質または黄色蛍光タンパク質のいずれかである、請求項10に記載の単離T細胞。
- 前記蛍光タンパク質が配列番号:5を含む、請求項10に記載の単離T細胞。
- 前記ポリヌクレオチド配列が、配列番号:1、配列番号:3、および配列番号:1と配列番号:3の両方からなる群より選択されたポリヌクレオチド配列を含む、請求項10に記載の単離T細胞。
- 前記T細胞受容体が、配列番号:2、配列番号:4、および配列番号:2と配列番号:4の両方からなる群より選択されたアミノ酸配列を含む、請求項10に記載の単離T細胞。
- 前記T細胞受容体が、主要組織適合複合体(MHC)IまたはIIに装填される蛍光タンパク質に特異的である、請求項10に記載の単離T細胞。
- 哺乳動物細胞である、請求項10に記載の単離T細胞。
- ネズミ細胞である、請求項16に記載の単離T細胞。
- 遺伝子導入非ヒト哺乳動物の作製方法であって、
プロモーターと機能し得るように連結された蛍光タンパク質に特異的なT細胞受容体をコードするポリヌクレオチド配列を含む発現構築物を、遺伝子導入胚を生み出すために非ヒト哺乳動物胚へ導入する工程、
前記遺伝子導入胚を疑似妊娠非ヒト哺乳動物へ移植する工程、
前記遺伝子導入胚を成熟させる工程、および
前記ポリヌクレオチドを含む少なくとも1匹の遺伝子導入仔を単離する工程
を含む、前記方法。 - 前記ポリヌクレオチドが、T細胞の少なくとも前駆細胞で発現される、請求項18に記載の方法。
- 前記前駆細胞が幹細胞である、請求項19に記載の方法。
- 前記T細胞が、成熟ヘルパーT細胞または成熟細胞傷害性T細胞である、請求項19に記載の方法。
- 前記胚が受精卵または分割球であり、前記ポリヌクレオチドの前記受精卵への導入が微量注入法によって実行され、前記ポリヌクレオチドの前記分割球への導入がレトロウイルス感染による、請求項18に記載の方法。
- 非ヒト哺乳動物の作製方法であって、
プロモーターと機能し得るように連結された蛍光タンパク質に特異的なT細胞受容体をコードするポリヌクレオチド配列を含む非ヒト哺乳動物体細胞または細胞核を提供する工程、
再構成細胞の形成に適切な条件下で、前記非ヒト哺乳動物体細胞または細胞核を除核卵母細胞へ挿入する工程、
胚を形成するよう前記再構成細胞を活性化させる工程、
2細胞発育段階を超えるまで前記胚を培養する工程、および
前記胚が、非ヒト哺乳動物へ発育可能なキメラ胎仔へ成長するよう、前記培養胚を宿主哺乳動物へ移入する工程
を含む、前記方法。 - 前記非ヒト哺乳動物が齧歯動物である、請求項23に記載の方法。
- 前記齧歯動物がマウスである、請求項24に記載の方法。
- 非ヒト哺乳動物における細胞の枯渇方法であって、
一つまたは複数の細胞種で標的タンパク質を発現する非ヒト哺乳動物を提供する工程、および
該標的タンパク質に対して特異的なT細胞受容体をコードするポリヌクレオチド配列を含む発現構築物を含み、前記非ヒト哺乳動物における前記一つまたは複数の細胞種を枯渇させるために前記一つまたは複数の細胞種を攻撃する単離T細胞を、該非ヒト哺乳動物へ導入する工程
を含む、前記方法。 - 前記非ヒト哺乳動物が齧歯動物である、請求項26に記載の方法。
- 前記齧歯動物がマウスである、請求項27に記載の方法。
- 前記標的タンパク質が蛍光タンパク質であり、前記ポリヌクレオチド配列が、該蛍光タンパク質に対して抗原特異的であるT細胞受容体をコードする、請求項26に記載の方法。
- 前記蛍光タンパク質が、緑色蛍光タンパク質または黄色蛍光タンパク質のいずれかである、請求項29に記載の方法。
- 前記蛍光タンパク質が配列番号:5を含む、請求項30に記載の方法。
- 作用因子に対するT細胞応答の特徴づけ方法であって、
請求項1に記載の遺伝子導入非ヒト哺乳動物を提供する工程、
ワクチン、ウイルス、病原体、移植細胞、および癌細胞系からなる群より選択され、蛍光タンパク質および/または蛍光タンパク質コード化配列を含む作用因子を、前記遺伝子導入非ヒト哺乳動物へ導入する工程、ならびに
前記遺伝子導入非ヒト哺乳動物における前記T細胞応答を特徴づけるために、蛍光タンパク質に特異的な前記T細胞受容体と前記作用因子との間の相互作用をモニターする工程
を含む、前記方法。 - 前記非ヒト哺乳動物が齧歯動物である、請求項32に記載の方法。
- 前記齧歯動物がマウスである、請求項33に記載の方法。
- 前記蛍光タンパク質が、緑色蛍光タンパク質または黄色蛍光タンパク質のいずれかである、請求項32に記載の方法。
- 前記蛍光タンパク質が配列番号:5を含む、請求項35に記載の方法。
- 前記ポリヌクレオチド配列が、配列番号:1、配列番号:3、および配列番号:1と配列番号:3の両方からなる群より選択されたポリヌクレオチド配列を含む、請求項32に記載の方法。
- 前記T細胞受容体が、配列番号:2、配列番号:4、および配列番号:2と配列番号:4の両方からなる群より選択されたアミノ酸配列を含む、請求項32に記載の方法。
- 前記T細胞受容体が、主要組織適合複合体(MHC)IまたはIIに装填される蛍光タンパク質に特異的である、請求項32に記載の方法。
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