JP2016522241A

JP2016522241A - インスリンで治療された及び／又は１型糖尿病に罹患している患者におけるｇｌｐ−１受容体作動薬の新規の使用

インスリンで治療された及び／又は１型糖尿病に罹患している患者におけるｇｌｐ−１受容体作動薬の新規の使用 Download PDF

Info

Publication number: JP2016522241A
Authority: JP; Japan
Prior art keywords: glp; receptor agonist; hypoglycemia; alternative; insulin
Prior art date: 2013-06-21
Legal status : Withdrawn

Application number

JP2016520520A

Other languages

English (en)

Japanese (ja)

Other versions

JP2016522241A5 (enExample

Inventor

エリック・クリスティアンセン

Current Assignee

Novo Nordisk AS

Original Assignee

Novo Nordisk AS

Priority date

2013-06-21

Filing date

2014-06-23

Publication date

2016-07-28

2014-06-23 Application filed by Novo Nordisk AS filed Critical Novo Nordisk AS

2016-07-28 Publication of JP2016522241A publication Critical patent/JP2016522241A/ja

2017-06-08 Publication of JP2016522241A5 publication Critical patent/JP2016522241A5/ja

Status Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

NOESYZHRGYRDHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N insulin Chemical compound N1C(=O)C(NC(=O)C(CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)CN)C(C)CC)CSSCC(C(NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CC(C)C)C(=O)NC(CC=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C(=O)NC(CCC(N)=O)C(=O)NC(CC(C)C)C(=O)NC(CCC(O)=O)C(=O)NC(CC(N)=O)C(=O)NC(CC=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C(=O)NC(CSSCC(NC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(C)NC(=O)C(CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC=2NC=NC=2)NC(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)CNC2=O)C(=O)NCC(=O)NC(CCC(O)=O)C(=O)NC(CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)NCC(=O)NC(CC=3C=CC=CC=3)C(=O)NC(CC=3C=CC=CC=3)C(=O)NC(CC=3C=CC(O)=CC=3)C(=O)NC(C(C)O)C(=O)N3C(CCC3)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(C)C(O)=O)C(=O)NC(CC(N)=O)C(O)=O)=O)NC(=O)C(C(C)CC)NC(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)C(C(C)O)NC(=O)C1CSSCC2NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(CC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(N)CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(C)C)CC1=CN=CN1 NOESYZHRGYRDHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 298
108090001061 Insulin Proteins 0.000 title claims abstract description 141
102000004877 Insulin Human genes 0.000 title claims abstract description 140
229940125396 insulin Drugs 0.000 title claims abstract description 138
206010067584 Type 1 diabetes mellitus Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 103
229940089838 Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist Drugs 0.000 title claims description 505
208000013016 Hypoglycemia Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 471
230000002218 hypoglycaemic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 382
239000003877 glucagon like peptide 1 receptor agonist Substances 0.000 claims description 438
WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 claims description 269
239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 claims description 269
DTHNMHAUYICORS-KTKZVXAJSA-N Glucagon-like peptide 1 Chemical group C([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCCN)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC=1N=CNC=1)[C@@H](C)O)[C@@H](C)O)C(C)C)C1=CC=CC=C1 DTHNMHAUYICORS-KTKZVXAJSA-N 0.000 claims description 144
238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 132
210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 claims description 128
239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 claims description 128
238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 104
YSDQQAXHVYUZIW-QCIJIYAXSA-N Liraglutide Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCNC(=O)CC[C@H](NC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)NCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC=1NC=NC=1)[C@@H](C)O)[C@@H](C)O)C(C)C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 YSDQQAXHVYUZIW-QCIJIYAXSA-N 0.000 claims description 81
108010019598 Liraglutide Proteins 0.000 claims description 79
230000001603 reducing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 76
229960002701 liraglutide Drugs 0.000 claims description 71
230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 63
108010086246 Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Proteins 0.000 claims description 35
102000007446 Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Human genes 0.000 claims description 34
239000000556 agonist Substances 0.000 claims description 32
125000000539 amino acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 27
108010011459 Exenatide Proteins 0.000 claims description 26
DLSWIYLPEUIQAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Semaglutide Chemical compound CCC(C)C(NC(=O)C(Cc1ccccc1)NC(=O)C(CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)C(CCCCNC(=O)COCCOCCNC(=O)COCCOCCNC(=O)CCC(NC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O)C(O)=O)NC(=O)C(C)NC(=O)C(C)NC(=O)C(CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)CNC(=O)C(CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(Cc1ccc(O)cc1)NC(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(CC(O)=O)NC(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(Cc1ccccc1)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)CNC(=O)C(CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)C(C)(C)NC(=O)C(N)Cc1cnc[nH]1)C(C)O)C(C)O)C(C)C)C(=O)NC(C)C(=O)NC(Cc1c[nH]c2ccccc12)C(=O)NC(CC(C)C)C(=O)NC(C(C)C)C(=O)NC(CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)NCC(=O)NC(CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)NCC(O)=O DLSWIYLPEUIQAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
GCYXWQUSHADNBF-AAEALURTSA-N preproglucagon 78-108 Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)NCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCCN)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC=1N=CNC=1)[C@@H](C)O)[C@@H](C)O)C(C)C)C1=CC=CC=C1 GCYXWQUSHADNBF-AAEALURTSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 25
108010060325 semaglutide Proteins 0.000 claims description 25
229950011186 semaglutide Drugs 0.000 claims description 25
HTQBXNHDCUEHJF-XWLPCZSASA-N Exenatide Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)NCC(=O)NCC(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCNC(N)=N)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCSC)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCCN)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC=1NC=NC=1)[C@@H](C)O)[C@@H](C)O)C(C)C)C1=CC=CC=C1 HTQBXNHDCUEHJF-XWLPCZSASA-N 0.000 claims description 24
101800004266 Glucagon-like peptide 1(7-37) Proteins 0.000 claims description 22
229960001519 exenatide Drugs 0.000 claims description 22
238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 19
229940125708 antidiabetic agent Drugs 0.000 claims description 18
239000003472 antidiabetic agent Substances 0.000 claims description 18
WRGVLTAWMNZWGT-VQSPYGJZSA-N taspoglutide Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)NC(C)(C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCCN)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)C(C)(C)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC=1NC=NC=1)[C@@H](C)O)[C@@H](C)O)C(C)C)C1=CC=CC=C1 WRGVLTAWMNZWGT-VQSPYGJZSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
108010048573 taspoglutide Proteins 0.000 claims description 16
229950007151 taspoglutide Drugs 0.000 claims description 16
239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 claims description 14
239000000546 pharmaceutical excipient Substances 0.000 claims description 11
XVVOERDUTLJJHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lixisenatide Chemical compound C=1NC2=CC=CC=C2C=1CC(C(=O)NC(CC(C)C)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CC(N)=O)C(=O)NCC(=O)NCC(=O)N1C(CCC1)C(=O)NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CO)C(=O)NCC(=O)NC(C)C(=O)N1C(CCC1)C(=O)N1C(CCC1)C(=O)NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(N)=O)NC(=O)C(CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)C(C(C)CC)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(CCCNC(N)=N)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(C)NC(=O)C(CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)C(CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)C(CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)C(CCSC)NC(=O)C(CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(CCCCN)NC(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC(O)=O)NC(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(CC=1C=CC=CC=1)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)CNC(=O)C(CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)CNC(=O)C(N)CC=1NC=NC=1)C(C)O)C(C)O)C(C)C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 XVVOERDUTLJJHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
238000012217 deletion Methods 0.000 claims description 8
230000037430 deletion Effects 0.000 claims description 8
239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
108010004367 lixisenatide Proteins 0.000 claims description 8
229960001093 lixisenatide Drugs 0.000 claims description 8
238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
108010063245 glucagon-like peptide 1 (7-36)amide Proteins 0.000 claims description 7
239000003937 drug carrier Substances 0.000 claims description 6
238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 5
230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 5
OGWAVGNOAMXIIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N albiglutide Chemical compound O=C(O)C(NC(=O)CNC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(NC(=O)CNC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(NC(=O)CNC(=O)C(NC(=O)CNC(=O)C(N)CC=1(N=CNC=1))CCC(=O)O)C(O)C)CC2(=CC=CC=C2))C(O)C)CO)CC(=O)O)C(C)C)CO)CO)CC3(=CC=C(O)C=C3))CC(C)C)CCC(=O)O)CCC(=O)N)C)C)CCCCN)CCC(=O)O)CC4(=CC=CC=C4))C(CC)C)C)CC=6(C5(=C(C=CC=C5)NC=6)))CC(C)C)C(C)C)CCCCN)CCCNC(=N)N OGWAVGNOAMXIIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
229960004733 albiglutide Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
108700027806 rGLP-1 Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
229940044601 receptor agonist Drugs 0.000 abstract description 24
239000000018 receptor agonist Substances 0.000 abstract description 24
235000001014 amino acid Nutrition 0.000 description 84
229940024606 amino acid Drugs 0.000 description 83
206010012601 diabetes mellitus Diseases 0.000 description 75
102100040918 Pro-glucagon Human genes 0.000 description 72
150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 71
101710198884 GATA-type zinc finger protein 1 Proteins 0.000 description 70
108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 description 65
238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 52
229940068196 placebo Drugs 0.000 description 50
239000000902 placebo Substances 0.000 description 50
230000000422 nocturnal effect Effects 0.000 description 44
238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 39
210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 37
238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 37
239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 36
238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 description 32
150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 31
108060003199 Glucagon Proteins 0.000 description 28
MASNOZXLGMXCHN-ZLPAWPGGSA-N glucagon Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCSC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(O)=O)C(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCNC(N)=N)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCNC(N)=N)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCCN)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC=1NC=NC=1)[C@@H](C)O)[C@@H](C)O)C1=CC=CC=C1 MASNOZXLGMXCHN-ZLPAWPGGSA-N 0.000 description 28
102000051325 Glucagon Human genes 0.000 description 27
239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 27
229960004666 glucagon Drugs 0.000 description 27
230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 27
102000009027 Albumins Human genes 0.000 description 26
108010088751 Albumins Proteins 0.000 description 26
230000027455 binding Effects 0.000 description 26
230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 26
239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 25
230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 25
208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 24
210000004379 membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 22
239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 22
102000004196 processed proteins & peptides Human genes 0.000 description 22
101000976075 Homo sapiens Insulin Proteins 0.000 description 21
PBGKTOXHQIOBKM-FHFVDXKLSA-N insulin (human) Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@H]1CSSC[C@H]2C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=3C=CC(O)=CC=3)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=3C=CC(O)=CC=3)C(=O)N[C@@H](CSSC[C@H](NC(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=3C=CC(O)=CC=3)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=3NC=NC=3)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)CNC1=O)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(O)=O)=O)CSSC[C@@H](C(N2)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)CN)[C@@H](C)CC)[C@@H](C)CC)[C@@H](C)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(C)C)C1=CN=CN1 PBGKTOXHQIOBKM-FHFVDXKLSA-N 0.000 description 21
IVOMOUWHDPKRLL-KQYNXXCUSA-N Cyclic adenosine monophosphate Chemical compound C([C@H]1O2)OP(O)(=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H]2N1C(N=CN=C2N)=C2N=C1 IVOMOUWHDPKRLL-KQYNXXCUSA-N 0.000 description 20
239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 description 20
239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 20
IVOMOUWHDPKRLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N UNPD107823 Natural products O1C2COP(O)(=O)OC2C(O)C1N1C(N=CN=C2N)=C2N=C1 IVOMOUWHDPKRLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
229940095074 cyclic amp Drugs 0.000 description 19
108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 19
101001015516 Homo sapiens Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor Proteins 0.000 description 18
229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 18
238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 18
125000005647 linker group Chemical group 0.000 description 18
108091006905 Human Serum Albumin Proteins 0.000 description 17
102000008100 Human Serum Albumin Human genes 0.000 description 17
239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 17
230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 17
238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 17
229940088597 hormone Drugs 0.000 description 17
239000005556 hormone Substances 0.000 description 17
235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 17
102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 17
239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 17
VOUAQYXWVJDEQY-QENPJCQMSA-N 33017-11-7 Chemical compound OC(=O)CC[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)NCC(=O)NCC(=O)NCC(=O)N1CCC[C@H]1C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N1[C@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(O)=O)CCC1 VOUAQYXWVJDEQY-QENPJCQMSA-N 0.000 description 16
108010075254 C-Peptide Proteins 0.000 description 16
241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 16
FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 16
230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 16
241000699670 Mus sp. Species 0.000 description 15
230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 15
230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 15
230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 15
238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 15
238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 15
150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 15
208000001072 type 2 diabetes mellitus Diseases 0.000 description 15
KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
239000004026 insulin derivative Substances 0.000 description 14
229920001184 polypeptide Polymers 0.000 description 14
125000003275 alpha amino acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 13
238000003016 alphascreen Methods 0.000 description 13
238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 13
238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 description 13
230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 13
244000309715 mini pig Species 0.000 description 13
230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 13
WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glutamic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CCC(O)=O WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycine Natural products NCC(O)=O DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 12
125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 12
239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 12
210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 description 12
WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-VKHMYHEASA-N L-glutamic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC(O)=O WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 description 11
125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 11
230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 11
238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 description 11
230000036470 plasma concentration Effects 0.000 description 11
KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lysine Natural products NCCCCC(N)C(O)=O KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 10
239000012131 assay buffer Substances 0.000 description 10
230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 10
230000002496 gastric effect Effects 0.000 description 10
230000002641 glycemic effect Effects 0.000 description 10
238000001802 infusion Methods 0.000 description 10
230000003285 pharmacodynamic effect Effects 0.000 description 10
102000005962 receptors Human genes 0.000 description 10
108020003175 receptors Proteins 0.000 description 10
XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
230000003442 weekly effect Effects 0.000 description 10
KDXKERNSBIXSRK-YFKPBYRVSA-N L-lysine Chemical compound NCCCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O KDXKERNSBIXSRK-YFKPBYRVSA-N 0.000 description 9
238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 9
238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 9
230000037406 food intake Effects 0.000 description 9
235000012631 food intake Nutrition 0.000 description 9
238000001990 intravenous administration Methods 0.000 description 9
230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 9
238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 9
230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 9
230000028327 secretion Effects 0.000 description 9
-1 urea Chemical class 0.000 description 9
102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 8
108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 8
CKLJMWTZIZZHCS-REOHCLBHSA-N L-aspartic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC(O)=O CKLJMWTZIZZHCS-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 8
102000035554 Proglucagon Human genes 0.000 description 8
108010058003 Proglucagon Proteins 0.000 description 8
241000700159 Rattus Species 0.000 description 8
102000007562 Serum Albumin Human genes 0.000 description 8
108010071390 Serum Albumin Proteins 0.000 description 8
229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 description 8
150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 8
239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 8
239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 8
229940007428 victoza Drugs 0.000 description 8
108060001084 Luciferase Proteins 0.000 description 7
241000282887 Suidae Species 0.000 description 7
230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 7
239000005557 antagonist Substances 0.000 description 7
238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
230000003914 insulin secretion Effects 0.000 description 7
239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 7
FUOOLUPWFVMBKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoisobutyric acid Chemical compound CC(C)(N)C(O)=O FUOOLUPWFVMBKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
239000006144 Dulbecco’s modiﬁed Eagle's medium Substances 0.000 description 6
239000004471 Glycine Substances 0.000 description 6
239000007995 HEPES buffer Substances 0.000 description 6
241000282412 Homo Species 0.000 description 6
239000005089 Luciferase Substances 0.000 description 6
208000008589 Obesity Diseases 0.000 description 6
230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 6
210000000227 basophil cell of anterior lobe of hypophysis Anatomy 0.000 description 6
230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 6
210000004899 c-terminal region Anatomy 0.000 description 6
125000002843 carboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 6
229960002449 glycine Drugs 0.000 description 6
235000020824 obesity Nutrition 0.000 description 6
239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 6
235000010482 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate Nutrition 0.000 description 6
229920000053 polysorbate 80 Polymers 0.000 description 6
230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 6
QZAYGJVTTNCVMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N serotonin Chemical compound C1=C(O)C=C2C(CCN)=CNC2=C1 QZAYGJVTTNCVMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
UCSJYZPVAKXKNQ-HZYVHMACSA-N streptomycin Chemical compound CN[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@](C=O)(O)[C@H](C)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](NC(N)=N)[C@H](O)[C@@H](NC(N)=N)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O UCSJYZPVAKXKNQ-HZYVHMACSA-N 0.000 description 6
238000007920 subcutaneous administration Methods 0.000 description 6
239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 6
238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
JKMHFZQWWAIEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl]ethanesulfonic acid Chemical compound OCC[NH+]1CCN(CCS([O-])(=O)=O)CC1 JKMHFZQWWAIEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
238000002965 ELISA Methods 0.000 description 5
108010004460 Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide Proteins 0.000 description 5
102100039994 Gastric inhibitory polypeptide Human genes 0.000 description 5
HNDVDQJCIGZPNO-YFKPBYRVSA-N L-histidine Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC1=CN=CN1 HNDVDQJCIGZPNO-YFKPBYRVSA-N 0.000 description 5
239000004472 Lysine Substances 0.000 description 5
238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 5
238000010171 animal model Methods 0.000 description 5
230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
230000001517 counterregulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 5
235000005911 diet Nutrition 0.000 description 5
230000037213 diet Effects 0.000 description 5
238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 5
239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 5
231100000673 dose–response relationship Toxicity 0.000 description 5
125000003630 glycyl group Chemical group [H]N([H])C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 5
HNDVDQJCIGZPNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N histidine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CC1=CN=CN1 HNDVDQJCIGZPNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
229960002885 histidine Drugs 0.000 description 5
201000001421 hyperglycemia Diseases 0.000 description 5
230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 5
239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 5
229960003646 lysine Drugs 0.000 description 5
230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 5
239000002953 phosphate buffered saline Substances 0.000 description 5
239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 5
229910000162 sodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
235000011008 sodium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 5
239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 5
235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 5
230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 5
238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 5
URJOZSLMTIRWFW-QGZVFWFLSA-N (4r)-4-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-5,6-dimethoxy-4,9-dihydro-1h-benzo[f][2]benzofuran-3-one Chemical compound C1=C2OCOC2=CC([C@H]2C3=C(COC3=O)CC3=CC=C(C(=C32)OC)OC)=C1 URJOZSLMTIRWFW-QGZVFWFLSA-N 0.000 description 4
UCTWMZQNUQWSLP-VIFPVBQESA-N (R)-adrenaline Chemical compound CNC[C@H](O)C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 UCTWMZQNUQWSLP-VIFPVBQESA-N 0.000 description 4
229930182837 (R)-adrenaline Natural products 0.000 description 4
239000004475 Arginine Substances 0.000 description 4
229940123208 Biguanide Drugs 0.000 description 4
206010010071 Coma Diseases 0.000 description 4
206010010904 Convulsion Diseases 0.000 description 4
101800002945 Glicentin Proteins 0.000 description 4
102000018997 Growth Hormone Human genes 0.000 description 4
108010051696 Growth Hormone Proteins 0.000 description 4
101500028773 Homo sapiens Glucagon-like peptide 1(7-37) Proteins 0.000 description 4
ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-BYPYZUCNSA-P L-argininium(2+) Chemical compound NC(=[NH2+])NCCC[C@H]([NH3+])C(O)=O ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-BYPYZUCNSA-P 0.000 description 4
FFEARJCKVFRZRR-BYPYZUCNSA-N L-methionine Chemical compound CSCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O FFEARJCKVFRZRR-BYPYZUCNSA-N 0.000 description 4
ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
241000282898 Sus scrofa Species 0.000 description 4
XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 description 4
238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 4
ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N arginine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CCCNC(N)=N ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
229960003121 arginine Drugs 0.000 description 4
235000003704 aspartic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 4
229960005261 aspartic acid Drugs 0.000 description 4
239000012911 assay medium Substances 0.000 description 4
239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 4
OQFSQFPPLPISGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-carboxyaspartic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(N)C(C(O)=O)C(O)=O OQFSQFPPLPISGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
150000004283 biguanides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 4
235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 description 4
230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
229960005139 epinephrine Drugs 0.000 description 4
239000000122 growth hormone Substances 0.000 description 4
JYGXADMDTFJGBT-VWUMJDOOSA-N hydrocortisone Chemical compound O=C1CC[C@]2(C)[C@H]3[C@@H](O)C[C@](C)([C@@](CC4)(O)C(=O)CO)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1 JYGXADMDTFJGBT-VWUMJDOOSA-N 0.000 description 4
MGXWVYUBJRZYPE-YUGYIWNOSA-N incretin Chemical class C([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCSC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1NC=NC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1NC=NC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)[C@@H](C)O)[C@@H](C)CC)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 MGXWVYUBJRZYPE-YUGYIWNOSA-N 0.000 description 4
230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 4
210000003734 kidney Anatomy 0.000 description 4
239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
125000003588 lysine group Chemical group [H]N([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(N([H])[H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 4
229930182817 methionine Natural products 0.000 description 4
150000004702 methyl esters Chemical class 0.000 description 4
230000001272 neurogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
238000010647 peptide synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
230000003389 potentiating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 4
230000000306 recurrent effect Effects 0.000 description 4
238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 4
150000005846 sugar alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 4
239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 4
239000003826 tablet Substances 0.000 description 4
230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
238000011269 treatment regimen Methods 0.000 description 4
125000003088 (fluoren-9-ylmethoxy)carbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
108091003079 Bovine Serum Albumin Proteins 0.000 description 3
IGXWBGJHJZYPQS-SSDOTTSWSA-N D-Luciferin Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H]1CSC(C=2SC3=CC=C(O)C=C3N=2)=N1 IGXWBGJHJZYPQS-SSDOTTSWSA-N 0.000 description 3
CYCGRDQQIOGCKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dehydro-luciferin Natural products OC(=O)C1=CSC(C=2SC3=CC(O)=CC=C3N=2)=N1 CYCGRDQQIOGCKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
BJGNCJDXODQBOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fivefly Luciferin Natural products OC(=O)C1CSC(C=2SC3=CC(O)=CC=C3N=2)=N1 BJGNCJDXODQBOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
102400000320 Glicentin Human genes 0.000 description 3
108010088406 Glucagon-Like Peptides Proteins 0.000 description 3
239000004366 Glucose oxidase Substances 0.000 description 3
108010015776 Glucose oxidase Proteins 0.000 description 3
102000005548 Hexokinase Human genes 0.000 description 3
108700040460 Hexokinases Proteins 0.000 description 3
DDWFXDSYGUXRAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Luciferin Natural products CCc1c(C)c(CC2NC(=O)C(=C2C=C)C)[nH]c1Cc3[nH]c4C(=C5/NC(CC(=O)O)C(C)C5CC(=O)O)CC(=O)c4c3C DDWFXDSYGUXRAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
241000699666 Mus <mouse, genus> Species 0.000 description 3
108010058846 Ovalbumin Proteins 0.000 description 3
101800001388 Oxyntomodulin Proteins 0.000 description 3
229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
229930182555 Penicillin Natural products 0.000 description 3
JGSARLDLIJGVTE-MBNYWOFBSA-N Penicillin G Chemical compound N([C@H]1[C@H]2SC([C@@H](N2C1=O)C(O)=O)(C)C)C(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 JGSARLDLIJGVTE-MBNYWOFBSA-N 0.000 description 3
BELBBZDIHDAJOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenolsulfonephthalein Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C1(C=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C2=CC=CC=C2S(=O)(=O)O1 BELBBZDIHDAJOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
RVGRUAULSDPKGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Poloxamer Chemical compound C1CO1.CC1CO1 RVGRUAULSDPKGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
102000034527 Retinoid X Receptors Human genes 0.000 description 3
108010038912 Retinoid X Receptors Proteins 0.000 description 3
108010090804 Streptavidin Proteins 0.000 description 3
229940123464 Thiazolidinedione Drugs 0.000 description 3
239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 3
150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
230000004071 biological effect Effects 0.000 description 3
239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 3
238000004422 calculation algorithm Methods 0.000 description 3
238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 3
125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 3
230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 3
238000004113 cell culture Methods 0.000 description 3
210000000170 cell membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 3
230000005465 channeling Effects 0.000 description 3
239000002738 chelating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
JUFFVKRROAPVBI-PVOYSMBESA-N chembl1210015 Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=O)N[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO[C@]3(O[C@@H](C[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO)[C@H](NC(C)=O)[C@@H](O)C3)C(O)=O)O2)O)[C@@H](CO)O1)NC(C)=O)C(=O)NCC(=O)NCC(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCNC(N)=N)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCSC)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCCN)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC=1NC=NC=1)[C@@H](C)O)[C@@H](C)O)C(C)C)C1=CC=CC=C1 JUFFVKRROAPVBI-PVOYSMBESA-N 0.000 description 3
239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 3
KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 3
230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 3
238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 3
239000012091 fetal bovine serum Substances 0.000 description 3
239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 3
230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 3
108010014960 glicentin-related pancreatic peptide Proteins 0.000 description 3
229940116332 glucose oxidase Drugs 0.000 description 3
235000019420 glucose oxidase Nutrition 0.000 description 3
RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 3
239000000859 incretin Substances 0.000 description 3
239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 3
230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
230000002473 insulinotropic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
210000000936 intestine Anatomy 0.000 description 3
238000010253 intravenous injection Methods 0.000 description 3
238000004020 luminiscence type Methods 0.000 description 3
238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
230000002503 metabolic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 3
125000001360 methionine group Chemical group N[C@@H](CCSC)C(=O)* 0.000 description 3
235000020925 non fasting Nutrition 0.000 description 3
235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 3
229940092253 ovalbumin Drugs 0.000 description 3
230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
229940049954 penicillin Drugs 0.000 description 3
230000000144 pharmacologic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
229960003531 phenolsulfonphthalein Drugs 0.000 description 3
239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 3
229920001993 poloxamer 188 Polymers 0.000 description 3
229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 3
239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
238000003127 radioimmunoassay Methods 0.000 description 3
238000003571 reporter gene assay Methods 0.000 description 3
238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 3
210000003491 skin Anatomy 0.000 description 3
229960005322 streptomycin Drugs 0.000 description 3
125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
150000001467 thiazolidinediones Chemical class 0.000 description 3
210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 3
230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 3
YBJHBAHKTGYVGT-ZKWXMUAHSA-N (+)-Biotin Chemical compound N1C(=O)N[C@@H]2[C@H](CCCCC(=O)O)SC[C@@H]21 YBJHBAHKTGYVGT-ZKWXMUAHSA-N 0.000 description 2
PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+/-)-1,3-Butanediol Chemical compound CC(O)CCO PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
DDYAPMZTJAYBOF-ZMYDTDHYSA-N (3S)-4-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-5-amino-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-4-amino-1-[[(2S,3R)-1-[[(2S)-6-amino-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-4-amino-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-4-amino-1-[[(2S)-4-amino-1-[[(2S,3S)-1-[[(1S)-1-carboxyethyl]amino]-3-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-1,4-dioxobutan-2-yl]amino]-1,4-dioxobutan-2-yl]amino]-5-carbamimidamido-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-1,4-dioxobutan-2-yl]amino]-5-carbamimidamido-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-1-oxohexan-2-yl]amino]-3-hydroxy-1-oxobutan-2-yl]amino]-1,4-dioxobutan-2-yl]amino]-4-methylsulfanyl-1-oxobutan-2-yl]amino]-4-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-1,5-dioxopentan-2-yl]amino]-3-methyl-1-oxobutan-2-yl]amino]-1-oxo-3-phenylpropan-2-yl]amino]-3-[[(2S)-5-amino-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-6-amino-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S,3R)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S,3R)-2-[[2-[[(2S)-5-amino-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-amino-3-(1H-imidazol-4-yl)propanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxypropanoyl]amino]-5-oxopentanoyl]amino]acetyl]amino]-3-hydroxybutanoyl]amino]-3-phenylpropanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxybutanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxypropanoyl]amino]-3-carboxypropanoyl]amino]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxypropanoyl]amino]hexanoyl]amino]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyl]amino]-4-methylpentanoyl]amino]-3-carboxypropanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxypropanoyl]amino]-5-carbamimidamidopentanoyl]amino]-5-carbamimidamidopentanoyl]amino]propanoyl]amino]-5-oxopentanoyl]amino]-4-oxobutanoic acid Chemical class [H]N[C@@H](CC1=CNC=N1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC1=CC=CC=C1)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC1=CC=CC=C1)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC1=CNC2=C1C=CC=C2)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCSC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(O)=O DDYAPMZTJAYBOF-ZMYDTDHYSA-N 0.000 description 2
UUUHXMGGBIUAPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[1-[2-[[5-amino-2-[[1-[5-(diaminomethylideneamino)-2-[[1-[3-(1h-indol-3-yl)-2-[(5-oxopyrrolidine-2-carbonyl)amino]propanoyl]pyrrolidine-2-carbonyl]amino]pentanoyl]pyrrolidine-2-carbonyl]amino]-5-oxopentanoyl]amino]-3-methylpentanoyl]pyrrolidine-2-carbon Chemical compound C1CCC(C(=O)N2C(CCC2)C(O)=O)N1C(=O)C(C(C)CC)NC(=O)C(CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)C1CCCN1C(=O)C(CCCN=C(N)N)NC(=O)C1CCCN1C(=O)C(CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)NC(=O)C1CCC(=O)N1 UUUHXMGGBIUAPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
WRMNZCZEMHIOCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylethanol Chemical compound OCCC1=CC=CC=C1 WRMNZCZEMHIOCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
CFKMVGJGLGKFKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-chloro-m-cresol Chemical compound CC1=CC(O)=CC=C1Cl CFKMVGJGLGKFKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
HJCMDXDYPOUFDY-WHFBIAKZSA-N Ala-Gln Chemical compound C[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@H](C(O)=O)CCC(N)=O HJCMDXDYPOUFDY-WHFBIAKZSA-N 0.000 description 2
IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
101800001982 Cholecystokinin Proteins 0.000 description 2
102100025841 Cholecystokinin Human genes 0.000 description 2
229920000858 Cyclodextrin Polymers 0.000 description 2
FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N D-Mannitol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N 0.000 description 2
SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-IOVATXLUSA-N D-xylopyranose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1COC(O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-IOVATXLUSA-N 0.000 description 2
108020004414 DNA Proteins 0.000 description 2
208000001380 Diabetic Ketoacidosis Diseases 0.000 description 2
102100025012 Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 Human genes 0.000 description 2
108091005942 ECFP Proteins 0.000 description 2
LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
108090000331 Firefly luciferases Proteins 0.000 description 2
VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
QGWNDRXFNXRZMB-UUOKFMHZSA-N GDP Chemical compound C1=2NC(N)=NC(=O)C=2N=CN1[C@@H]1O[C@H](COP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O QGWNDRXFNXRZMB-UUOKFMHZSA-N 0.000 description 2
101800001226 Glicentin-related polypeptide Proteins 0.000 description 2
101800000221 Glucagon-like peptide 2 Proteins 0.000 description 2
101000788682 Homo sapiens GATA-type zinc finger protein 1 Proteins 0.000 description 2
206010051161 Hyperglucagonaemia Diseases 0.000 description 2
ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-BYPYZUCNSA-N L-arginine Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCCN=C(N)N ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-BYPYZUCNSA-N 0.000 description 2
DCXYFEDJOCDNAF-REOHCLBHSA-N L-asparagine Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC(N)=O DCXYFEDJOCDNAF-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 2
ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-VKHMYHEASA-N L-glutamine Chemical group OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC(N)=O ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 description 2
AGPKZVBTJJNPAG-WHFBIAKZSA-N L-isoleucine Chemical compound CC[C@H](C)[C@H](N)C(O)=O AGPKZVBTJJNPAG-WHFBIAKZSA-N 0.000 description 2
FBOZXECLQNJBKD-ZDUSSCGKSA-N L-methotrexate Chemical compound C=1N=C2N=C(N)N=C(N)C2=NC=1CN(C)C1=CC=C(C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O)C=C1 FBOZXECLQNJBKD-ZDUSSCGKSA-N 0.000 description 2
125000000174 L-prolyl group Chemical group [H]N1C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[C@@]1([H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 2
XNSAINXGIQZQOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N L-pyroglutamyl-L-histidyl-L-proline amide Natural products NC(=O)C1CCCN1C(=O)C(NC(=O)C1NC(=O)CC1)CC1=CN=CN1 XNSAINXGIQZQOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
AYFVYJQAPQTCCC-GBXIJSLDSA-N L-threonine Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)[C@H](N)C(O)=O AYFVYJQAPQTCCC-GBXIJSLDSA-N 0.000 description 2
QIVBCDIJIAJPQS-VIFPVBQESA-N L-tryptophane Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C[C@H](N)C(O)=O)=CNC2=C1 QIVBCDIJIAJPQS-VIFPVBQESA-N 0.000 description 2
OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
229930195725 Mannitol Natural products 0.000 description 2
239000000637 Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone Substances 0.000 description 2
108010007013 Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormones Proteins 0.000 description 2
101710151321 Melanostatin Proteins 0.000 description 2
102100040200 Mitochondrial uncoupling protein 2 Human genes 0.000 description 2
SEQKRHFRPICQDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-tris(hydroxymethyl)methylglycine Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)[NH2+]CC([O-])=O SEQKRHFRPICQDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
102400000064 Neuropeptide Y Human genes 0.000 description 2
102100038991 Neuropeptide Y receptor type 2 Human genes 0.000 description 2
101710197945 Neuropeptide Y receptor type 2 Proteins 0.000 description 2
102000028435 Neuropeptide Y4 receptor Human genes 0.000 description 2
108010002245 Neuropeptide Y4 receptor Proteins 0.000 description 2
102400000319 Oxyntomodulin Human genes 0.000 description 2
102000004270 Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A Human genes 0.000 description 2
108090000882 Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A Proteins 0.000 description 2
241000233805 Phoenix Species 0.000 description 2
239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 2
229920001213 Polysorbate 20 Polymers 0.000 description 2
239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 2
206010062519 Poor quality sleep Diseases 0.000 description 2
108091027981 Response element Proteins 0.000 description 2
240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 description 2
235000014680 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Nutrition 0.000 description 2
CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
206010042434 Sudden death Diseases 0.000 description 2
229940100389 Sulfonylurea Drugs 0.000 description 2
NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
AYFVYJQAPQTCCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Threonine Natural products CC(O)C(N)C(O)=O AYFVYJQAPQTCCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
239000004473 Threonine Substances 0.000 description 2
239000000627 Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone Substances 0.000 description 2
102400000336 Thyrotropin-releasing hormone Human genes 0.000 description 2
101800004623 Thyrotropin-releasing hormone Proteins 0.000 description 2
QIVBCDIJIAJPQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tryptophan Natural products C1=CC=C2C(CC(N)C(O)=O)=CNC2=C1 QIVBCDIJIAJPQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
108060008682 Tumor Necrosis Factor Proteins 0.000 description 2
208000003443 Unconsciousness Diseases 0.000 description 2
238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
150000008043 acidic salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 description 2
UCTWMZQNUQWSLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N adrenaline Chemical compound CNCC(O)C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 UCTWMZQNUQWSLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 2
238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 2
150000001447 alkali salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
238000010640 amide synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
239000013011 aqueous formulation Substances 0.000 description 2
125000000637 arginyl group Chemical group N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)* 0.000 description 2
206010003119 arrhythmia Diseases 0.000 description 2
125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 2
238000005415 bioluminescence Methods 0.000 description 2
230000029918 bioluminescence Effects 0.000 description 2
230000036772 blood pressure Effects 0.000 description 2
238000010241 blood sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
229940014641 bydureon Drugs 0.000 description 2
229940084891 byetta Drugs 0.000 description 2
238000013262 cAMP assay Methods 0.000 description 2
230000003491 cAMP production Effects 0.000 description 2
229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
229960005069 calcium Drugs 0.000 description 2
239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 2
239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 2
125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
239000006143 cell culture medium Substances 0.000 description 2
AOXOCDRNSPFDPE-UKEONUMOSA-N chembl413654 Chemical compound C([C@H](C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)C(=O)N[C@H](CCSC)C(=O)N[C@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@@H](C)NC(=O)[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)NC(=O)[C@H]1N(CCC1)C(=O)CNC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC(O)=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 AOXOCDRNSPFDPE-UKEONUMOSA-N 0.000 description 2
238000002144 chemical decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
235000015218 chewing gum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
OSASVXMJTNOKOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobutanol Chemical compound CC(C)(O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl OSASVXMJTNOKOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
229940107137 cholecystokinin Drugs 0.000 description 2
230000004087 circulation Effects 0.000 description 2
ZPUCINDJVBIVPJ-LJISPDSOSA-N cocaine Chemical compound O([C@H]1C[C@@H]2CC[C@@H](N2C)[C@H]1C(=O)OC)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZPUCINDJVBIVPJ-LJISPDSOSA-N 0.000 description 2
230000003920 cognitive function Effects 0.000 description 2
238000004883 computer application Methods 0.000 description 2
230000036461 convulsion Effects 0.000 description 2
230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 2
230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 2
239000007857 degradation product Substances 0.000 description 2
238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
229940042399 direct acting antivirals protease inhibitors Drugs 0.000 description 2
239000006196 drop Substances 0.000 description 2
238000012377 drug delivery Methods 0.000 description 2
238000009509 drug development Methods 0.000 description 2
239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 2
DEFVIWRASFVYLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol bis(2-aminoethyl)tetraacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCOCCOCCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O DEFVIWRASFVYLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
230000005713 exacerbation Effects 0.000 description 2
229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 2
239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 2
150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
LIYGYAHYXQDGEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N firefly oxyluciferin Natural products Oc1csc(n1)-c1nc2ccc(O)cc2s1 LIYGYAHYXQDGEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 2
235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
FBPFZTCFMRRESA-GUCUJZIJSA-N galactitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-GUCUJZIJSA-N 0.000 description 2
239000007903 gelatin capsule Substances 0.000 description 2
230000002068 genetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
XEMOKOGMRDGHPI-CRPJQDLGSA-N glicentin 1-30 Chemical compound OC(=O)C[C@@H](C(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H]([C@@H](C)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCSC)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@@H]1CCCN1C(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H]1N(C(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H]2N(CCC2)C(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H]2N(CCC2)C(=O)[C@H](CC=2C=CC=CC=2)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCNC(N)=N)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCCN)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCCNC(N)=N)[C@@H](C)O)[C@@H](C)O)CCC1 XEMOKOGMRDGHPI-CRPJQDLGSA-N 0.000 description 2
YMAWOPBAYDPSLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycylglycine Chemical compound [NH3+]CC(=O)NCC([O-])=O YMAWOPBAYDPSLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
230000003054 hormonal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
229960000890 hydrocortisone Drugs 0.000 description 2
230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
230000035880 hyperglucagonemia Effects 0.000 description 2
230000003345 hyperglycaemic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
238000003018 immunoassay Methods 0.000 description 2
238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 description 2
238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
210000004347 intestinal mucosa Anatomy 0.000 description 2
238000007918 intramuscular administration Methods 0.000 description 2
AGPKZVBTJJNPAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoleucine Natural products CCC(C)C(N)C(O)=O AGPKZVBTJJNPAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
229960000310 isoleucine Drugs 0.000 description 2
239000007951 isotonicity adjuster Substances 0.000 description 2
210000004731 jugular vein Anatomy 0.000 description 2
238000012417 linear regression Methods 0.000 description 2
210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 description 2
230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
238000003670 luciferase enzyme activity assay Methods 0.000 description 2
RLSSMJSEOOYNOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N m-cresol Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 RLSSMJSEOOYNOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
239000000594 mannitol Substances 0.000 description 2
235000010355 mannitol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
239000003550 marker Substances 0.000 description 2
239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 2
HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N meso ribitol Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
PXZWGQLGAKCNKD-DPNMSELWSA-N molport-023-276-326 Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCSC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(O)=O)[C@@H](C)O)C(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCNC(N)=N)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCNC(N)=N)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCCN)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC=1NC=NC=1)[C@@H](C)O)[C@@H](C)O)C1=CC=CC=C1 PXZWGQLGAKCNKD-DPNMSELWSA-N 0.000 description 2
230000035772 mutation Effects 0.000 description 2
239000013642 negative control Substances 0.000 description 2
125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 2
239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 2
URPYMXQQVHTUDU-OFGSCBOVSA-N nucleopeptide y Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)C(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1NC=NC=1)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCNC(N)=N)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCNC(N)=N)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H]1N(CCC1)C(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H]1N(CCC1)C(=O)[C@H](CC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H]1N(CCC1)C(=O)[C@H](CCCCN)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H]1N(CCC1)C(=O)[C@@H](N)CC=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 URPYMXQQVHTUDU-OFGSCBOVSA-N 0.000 description 2
QWVGKYWNOKOFNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-cresol Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1O QWVGKYWNOKOFNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
239000002674 ointment Substances 0.000 description 2
JJVOROULKOMTKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxidized Photinus luciferin Chemical compound S1C2=CC(O)=CC=C2N=C1C1=NC(=O)CS1 JJVOROULKOMTKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 2
IWDCLRJOBJJRNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-cresol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IWDCLRJOBJJRNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
210000000496 pancreas Anatomy 0.000 description 2
239000000137 peptide hydrolase inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 2
239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 2
NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
239000008363 phosphate buffer Substances 0.000 description 2
239000000256 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate Substances 0.000 description 2
235000010486 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 2
239000013641 positive control Substances 0.000 description 2
230000000291 postprandial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
AQHHHDLHHXJYJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N propranolol Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(OCC(O)CNC(C)C)=CC=CC2=C1 AQHHHDLHHXJYJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
125000006239 protecting group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
XNSAINXGIQZQOO-SRVKXCTJSA-N protirelin Chemical compound NC(=O)[C@@H]1CCCN1C(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H]1NC(=O)CC1)CC1=CN=CN1 XNSAINXGIQZQOO-SRVKXCTJSA-N 0.000 description 2
238000001525 receptor binding assay Methods 0.000 description 2
238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 2
229940076279 serotonin Drugs 0.000 description 2
229940126570 serotonin reuptake inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 2
239000003772 serotonin uptake inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 2
230000019491 signal transduction Effects 0.000 description 2
IZTQOLKUZKXIRV-YRVFCXMDSA-N sincalide Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CCSC)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCSC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC(O)=O)C1=CC=C(OS(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 IZTQOLKUZKXIRV-YRVFCXMDSA-N 0.000 description 2
239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
238000007619 statistical method Methods 0.000 description 2
230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 description 2
239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 2
229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 description 2
230000002889 sympathetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
208000011580 syndromic disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
230000001839 systemic circulation Effects 0.000 description 2
XOAAWQZATWQOTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N taurine Chemical compound NCCS(O)(=O)=O XOAAWQZATWQOTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
CWERGRDVMFNCDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N thioglycolic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CS CWERGRDVMFNCDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
229960002898 threonine Drugs 0.000 description 2
229940034199 thyrotropin-releasing hormone Drugs 0.000 description 2
VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
229960004799 tryptophan Drugs 0.000 description 2
102000003390 tumor necrosis factor Human genes 0.000 description 2
230000002485 urinary effect Effects 0.000 description 2
230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 2
HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N α-D-glucopyranosyl-α-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(CO)O1 HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-VKHMYHEASA-N (+)-propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 description 1
HMJIYCCIJYRONP-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+-)-Isradipine Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=C(C)NC(C)=C(C(=O)OC(C)C)C1C1=CC=CC2=NON=C12 HMJIYCCIJYRONP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
SFLSHLFXELFNJZ-QMMMGPOBSA-N (-)-norepinephrine Chemical compound NC[C@H](O)C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 SFLSHLFXELFNJZ-QMMMGPOBSA-N 0.000 description 1
IHUKVJKKTBLTEE-QMMMGPOBSA-N (2s)-2-acetamido-5-[[amino-(methylcarbamoylamino)methylidene]amino]-n-methylpentanamide Chemical group CNC(=O)NC(N)=NCCC[C@H](NC(C)=O)C(=O)NC IHUKVJKKTBLTEE-QMMMGPOBSA-N 0.000 description 1
BIDNLKIUORFRQP-XYGFDPSESA-N (2s,4s)-4-cyclohexyl-1-[2-[[(1s)-2-methyl-1-propanoyloxypropoxy]-(4-phenylbutyl)phosphoryl]acetyl]pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound C([P@@](=O)(O[C@H](OC(=O)CC)C(C)C)CC(=O)N1[C@@H](C[C@H](C1)C1CCCCC1)C(O)=O)CCCC1=CC=CC=C1 BIDNLKIUORFRQP-XYGFDPSESA-N 0.000 description 1
HBZBAMXERPYTFS-SECBINFHSA-N (4S)-2-(6,7-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3,2-f][1,3]benzothiazol-2-yl)-4,5-dihydro-1,3-thiazole-4-carboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H]1CSC(=N1)c1nc2cc3CCNc3cc2s1 HBZBAMXERPYTFS-SECBINFHSA-N 0.000 description 1
WSEVKKHALHSUMB-RYVRVIGHSA-N (4S)-4-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2R)-5-amino-2-[[(2S)-6-amino-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-amino-3-carboxypropanoyl]amino]-4-methylpentanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxypropanoyl]amino]hexanoyl]amino]-5-oxopentanoyl]amino]-4-methylsulfanylbutanoyl]amino]-4-carboxybutanoyl]amino]-4-carboxybutanoyl]amino]-5-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S,3S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-6-amino-1-[[(2S)-4-amino-1-[[2-[[2-[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[2-[[(2S)-1-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-1-amino-3-hydroxy-1-oxopropan-2-yl]carbamoyl]pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl]pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl]pyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-2-oxoethyl]amino]-3-hydroxy-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-3-hydroxy-1-oxopropan-2-yl]carbamoyl]pyrrolidin-1-yl]-2-oxoethyl]amino]-2-oxoethyl]amino]-1,4-dioxobutan-2-yl]amino]-1-oxohexan-2-yl]amino]-4-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-4-carboxy-1-oxobutan-2-yl]amino]-3-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-1-oxo-3-phenylpropan-2-yl]amino]-4-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-5-carbamimidamido-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-3-methyl-1-oxobutan-2-yl]amino]-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-5-oxopentanoic acid Chemical compound CC[C@H](C)[C@H](NC(=O)[C@H](Cc1ccccc1)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCNC(N)=N)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCSC)NC(=O)[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCCN)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC(O)=O)C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](Cc1c[nH]c2ccccc12)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)NCC(=O)NCC(=O)N1CCC[C@H]1C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N1CCC[C@H]1C(=O)N1CCC[C@H]1C(=O)N1CCC[C@H]1C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(N)=O WSEVKKHALHSUMB-RYVRVIGHSA-N 0.000 description 1
METKIMKYRPQLGS-GFCCVEGCSA-N (R)-atenolol Chemical compound CC(C)NC[C@@H](O)COC1=CC=C(CC(N)=O)C=C1 METKIMKYRPQLGS-GFCCVEGCSA-N 0.000 description 1
KWTSXDURSIMDCE-QMMMGPOBSA-N (S)-amphetamine Chemical compound C[C@H](N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 KWTSXDURSIMDCE-QMMMGPOBSA-N 0.000 description 1
MXOAEAUPQDYUQM-QMMMGPOBSA-N (S)-chlorphenesin Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)COC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 MXOAEAUPQDYUQM-QMMMGPOBSA-N 0.000 description 1
BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N (S)-malic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 1
YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-propanediol Substances OCCCO YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
OWEGMIWEEQEYGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 100676-05-9 Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(OC(O)C(O)C2O)CO)O1 OWEGMIWEEQEYGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
SGTNSNPWRIOYBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-{[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl](methyl)amino}-2-(propan-2-yl)pentanenitrile Chemical compound C1=C(OC)C(OC)=CC=C1CCN(C)CCCC(C#N)(C(C)C)C1=CC=C(OC)C(OC)=C1 SGTNSNPWRIOYBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
RUVRGYVESPRHSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(2-azaniumylethoxy)ethoxy]acetate Chemical compound NCCOCCOCC(O)=O RUVRGYVESPRHSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
KFDNQUWMBLVQNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl-(carboxymethyl)amino]acetic acid;sodium Chemical compound [Na].[Na].[Na].[Na].OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KFDNQUWMBLVQNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
QKNYBSVHEMOAJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol;hydron;chloride Chemical compound Cl.OCC(N)(CO)CO QKNYBSVHEMOAJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
GOJUJUVQIVIZAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-amino-4,6-dichloropyrimidine-5-carbaldehyde Chemical group NC1=NC(Cl)=C(C=O)C(Cl)=N1 GOJUJUVQIVIZAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
JUIKUQOUMZUFQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-bromoacetamide Chemical compound NC(=O)CBr JUIKUQOUMZUFQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
FVTWJXMFYOXOKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-fluoroacetamide Chemical compound NC(=O)CF FVTWJXMFYOXOKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
WBBPRCNXBQTYLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylthioethanol Chemical compound CSCCO WBBPRCNXBQTYLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
QCDWFXQBSFUVSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenoxyethanol Chemical compound OCCOC1=CC=CC=C1 QCDWFXQBSFUVSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
UIAGMCDKSXEBJQ-IBGZPJMESA-N 3-o-(2-methoxyethyl) 5-o-propan-2-yl (4s)-2,6-dimethyl-4-(3-nitrophenyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate Chemical compound COCCOC(=O)C1=C(C)NC(C)=C(C(=O)OC(C)C)[C@H]1C1=CC=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1 UIAGMCDKSXEBJQ-IBGZPJMESA-N 0.000 description 1
QXZBMSIDSOZZHK-DOPDSADYSA-N 31362-50-2 Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCSC)C(N)=O)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(N)=O)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCNC(N)=N)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H]1NC(=O)CC1)C(C)C)C1=CNC=N1 QXZBMSIDSOZZHK-DOPDSADYSA-N 0.000 description 1
SWLAMJPTOQZTAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[2-[(5-chloro-2-methoxybenzoyl)amino]ethyl]benzoic acid Chemical class COC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1C(=O)NCCC1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 SWLAMJPTOQZTAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
RZTAMFZIAATZDJ-HNNXBMFYSA-N 5-o-ethyl 3-o-methyl (4s)-4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-2,6-dimethyl-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C1=C(C)NC(C)=C(C(=O)OC)[C@@H]1C1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1Cl RZTAMFZIAATZDJ-HNNXBMFYSA-N 0.000 description 1
102100031126 6-phosphogluconolactonase Human genes 0.000 description 1
108010029731 6-phosphogluconolactonase Proteins 0.000 description 1
GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N Alpha-Lactose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N 0.000 description 1
238000003276 AlphaScreen cAMP assay kit Methods 0.000 description 1
206010002091 Anaesthesia Diseases 0.000 description 1
241000024188 Andala Species 0.000 description 1
XPCFTKFZXHTYIP-PMACEKPBSA-N Benazepril Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)OCC)N[C@@H]1C(N(CC(O)=O)C2=CC=CC=C2CC1)=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 XPCFTKFZXHTYIP-PMACEKPBSA-N 0.000 description 1
239000005711 Benzoic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Betaine Natural products C[N+](C)(C)CC([O-])=O KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
108010051479 Bombesin Proteins 0.000 description 1
102000013585 Bombesin Human genes 0.000 description 1
101001011741 Bos taurus Insulin Proteins 0.000 description 1
LVDKZNITIUWNER-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bronopol Chemical compound OCC(Br)(CO)[N+]([O-])=O LVDKZNITIUWNER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
125000001433 C-terminal amino-acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
102400000113 Calcitonin Human genes 0.000 description 1
108060001064 Calcitonin Proteins 0.000 description 1
229940127291 Calcium channel antagonist Drugs 0.000 description 1
241000282472 Canis lupus familiaris Species 0.000 description 1
239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
102000014914 Carrier Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
241000282693 Cercopithecidae Species 0.000 description 1
GHXZTYHSJHQHIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorhexidine Chemical compound C=1C=C(Cl)C=CC=1NC(N)=NC(N)=NCCCCCCN=C(N)N=C(N)NC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 GHXZTYHSJHQHIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
229920001268 Cholestyramine Polymers 0.000 description 1
KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K Citrate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
229920002911 Colestipol Polymers 0.000 description 1
OMFXVFTZEKFJBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Corticosterone Natural products O=C1CCC2(C)C3C(O)CC(C)(C(CC4)C(=O)CO)C4C3CCC2=C1 OMFXVFTZEKFJBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
102400000739 Corticotropin Human genes 0.000 description 1
101800000414 Corticotropin Proteins 0.000 description 1
241000699802 Cricetulus griseus Species 0.000 description 1
FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 description 1
HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-QWWZWVQMSA-N D-arabinitol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)C(O)[C@H](O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-QWWZWVQMSA-N 0.000 description 1
FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 1
WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-QTVWNMPRSA-N D-mannopyranose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-QTVWNMPRSA-N 0.000 description 1
XUIIKFGFIJCVMT-GFCCVEGCSA-N D-thyroxine Chemical compound IC1=CC(C[C@@H](N)C(O)=O)=CC(I)=C1OC1=CC(I)=C(O)C(I)=C1 XUIIKFGFIJCVMT-GFCCVEGCSA-N 0.000 description 1
101710088194 Dehydrogenase Proteins 0.000 description 1
229920002307 Dextran Polymers 0.000 description 1
239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 description 1
229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 description 1
FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 description 1
MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical group O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
108010016626 Dipeptides Chemical group 0.000 description 1
108010067722 Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Proteins 0.000 description 1
231100000491 EC50 Toxicity 0.000 description 1
238000012286 ELISA Assay Methods 0.000 description 1
108010061435 Enalapril Proteins 0.000 description 1
241000588724 Escherichia coli Species 0.000 description 1
239000004606 Fillers/Extenders Substances 0.000 description 1
229930091371 Fructose Natural products 0.000 description 1
239000005715 Fructose Substances 0.000 description 1
RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N Fructose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@](O)(CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N 0.000 description 1
108091006027 G proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
102000003688 G-Protein-Coupled Receptors Human genes 0.000 description 1
108090000045 G-Protein-Coupled Receptors Proteins 0.000 description 1
102000030782 GTP binding Human genes 0.000 description 1
108091000058 GTP-Binding Proteins 0.000 description 1
102400001370 Galanin Human genes 0.000 description 1
101800002068 Galanin Proteins 0.000 description 1
102400000921 Gastrin Human genes 0.000 description 1
108010052343 Gastrins Proteins 0.000 description 1
108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 1
HEMJJKBWTPKOJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gemfibrozil Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C)C(OCCCC(C)(C)C(O)=O)=C1 HEMJJKBWTPKOJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
101000930822 Giardia intestinalis Dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 Proteins 0.000 description 1
101800004295 Glucagon-like peptide 1(7-36) Proteins 0.000 description 1
102400000326 Glucagon-like peptide 2 Human genes 0.000 description 1
229920001503 Glucan Polymers 0.000 description 1
FAEKWTJYAYMJKF-QHCPKHFHSA-N GlucoNorm Chemical compound C1=C(C(O)=O)C(OCC)=CC(CC(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C=2C(=CC=CC=2)N2CCCCC2)=C1 FAEKWTJYAYMJKF-QHCPKHFHSA-N 0.000 description 1
108010018962 Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase Proteins 0.000 description 1
102000004366 Glucosidases Human genes 0.000 description 1
108010056771 Glucosidases Proteins 0.000 description 1
108010008488 Glycylglycine Proteins 0.000 description 1
ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Guanidine Chemical compound NC(N)=N ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
229940121710 HMGCoA reductase inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 1
229920003114 HPC-L Polymers 0.000 description 1
229920003115 HPC-SL Polymers 0.000 description 1
108010022901 Heparin Lyase Proteins 0.000 description 1
SQUHHTBVTRBESD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hexa-Ac-myo-Inositol Natural products CC(=O)OC1C(OC(C)=O)C(OC(C)=O)C(OC(C)=O)C(OC(C)=O)C1OC(C)=O SQUHHTBVTRBESD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
101500028774 Homo sapiens Glucagon-like peptide 1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
229920001612 Hydroxyethyl starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
229920002153 Hydroxypropyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
206010071394 Hyperglycaemic seizure Diseases 0.000 description 1
208000008454 Hyperhidrosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
LKDRXBCSQODPBY-AMVSKUEXSA-N L-(-)-Sorbose Chemical compound OCC1(O)OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O LKDRXBCSQODPBY-AMVSKUEXSA-N 0.000 description 1
QEFRNWWLZKMPFJ-ZXPFJRLXSA-N L-methionine (R)-S-oxide Chemical compound C[S@@](=O)CC[C@H]([NH3+])C([O-])=O QEFRNWWLZKMPFJ-ZXPFJRLXSA-N 0.000 description 1
QEFRNWWLZKMPFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N L-methionine sulphoxide Natural products CS(=O)CCC(N)C(O)=O QEFRNWWLZKMPFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
125000000205 L-threonino group Chemical group [H]OC(=O)[C@@]([H])(N([H])[*])[C@](C([H])([H])[H])([H])O[H] 0.000 description 1
GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N Lactose Natural products OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N 0.000 description 1
241000270322 Lepidosauria Species 0.000 description 1
102000016267 Leptin Human genes 0.000 description 1
108010092277 Leptin Proteins 0.000 description 1
239000004367 Lipase Substances 0.000 description 1
108090001060 Lipase Proteins 0.000 description 1
102000004882 Lipase Human genes 0.000 description 1
108010007859 Lisinopril Proteins 0.000 description 1
PEEHTFAAVSWFBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Maleimide Chemical compound O=C1NC(=O)C=C1 PEEHTFAAVSWFBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N Maltose Natural products O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N 0.000 description 1
108010008364 Melanocortins Proteins 0.000 description 1
BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylamine Chemical compound NC BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
101710112393 Mitochondrial uncoupling protein 2 Proteins 0.000 description 1
PCZOHLXUXFIOCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Monacolin X Natural products C12C(OC(=O)C(C)CC)CC(C)C=C2C=CC(C)C1CCC1CC(O)CC(=O)O1 PCZOHLXUXFIOCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-O N,N,N-trimethylglycinium Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CC(O)=O KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
FSVCELGFZIQNCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)glycine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CC(O)=O FSVCELGFZIQNCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
206010028813 Nausea Diseases 0.000 description 1
ZBBHBTPTTSWHBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nicardipine Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=C(C)NC(C)=C(C(=O)OCCN(C)CC=2C=CC=CC=2)C1C1=CC=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1 ZBBHBTPTTSWHBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
108091028043 Nucleic acid sequence Proteins 0.000 description 1
102000002512 Orexin Human genes 0.000 description 1
208000002193 Pain Diseases 0.000 description 1
206010033557 Palpitations Diseases 0.000 description 1
229920002562 Polyethylene Glycol 3350 Polymers 0.000 description 1
229920002565 Polyethylene Glycol 400 Polymers 0.000 description 1
108010005991 Pork Regular Insulin Proteins 0.000 description 1
102000004257 Potassium Channel Human genes 0.000 description 1
TUZYXOIXSAXUGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pravastatin Natural products C1=CC(C)C(CCC(O)CC(O)CC(O)=O)C2C(OC(=O)C(C)CC)CC(O)C=C21 TUZYXOIXSAXUGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
102000002727 Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Human genes 0.000 description 1
239000004373 Pullulan Substances 0.000 description 1
229920001218 Pullulan Polymers 0.000 description 1
241000283984 Rodentia Species 0.000 description 1
RYMZZMVNJRMUDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N SJ000286063 Natural products C12C(OC(=O)C(C)(C)CC)CC(C)C=C2C=CC(C)C1CCC1CC(O)CC(=O)O1 RYMZZMVNJRMUDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
208000032140 Sleepiness Diseases 0.000 description 1
VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
239000004288 Sodium dehydroacetate Substances 0.000 description 1
206010041349 Somnolence Diseases 0.000 description 1
229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Succinic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 1
CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 1
208000002463 Sveinsson chorioretinal atrophy Diseases 0.000 description 1
UZMAPBJVXOGOFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Syringetin Natural products COC1=C(O)C(OC)=CC(C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(O)C=C(O)C=C3O2)O)=C1 UZMAPBJVXOGOFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-WSWWMNSNSA-N Trehalose Natural products O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-WSWWMNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
206010044565 Tremor Diseases 0.000 description 1
239000007997 Tricine buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
108010021111 Uncoupling Protein 2 Proteins 0.000 description 1
102000008200 Uncoupling Protein 3 Human genes 0.000 description 1
108010021098 Uncoupling Protein 3 Proteins 0.000 description 1
ICMGLRUYEQNHPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Uraprene Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1N1CCN(CCCNC=2N(C(=O)N(C)C(=O)C=2)C)CC1 ICMGLRUYEQNHPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
108010059705 Urocortins Proteins 0.000 description 1
102000005630 Urocortins Human genes 0.000 description 1
108010046516 Wheat Germ Agglutinins Proteins 0.000 description 1
TVXBFESIOXBWNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Xylitol Natural products OCCC(O)C(O)C(O)CCO TVXBFESIOXBWNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
210000001015 abdomen Anatomy 0.000 description 1
230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
230000010933 acylation Effects 0.000 description 1
238000005917 acylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
102000030621 adenylate cyclase Human genes 0.000 description 1
108060000200 adenylate cyclase Proteins 0.000 description 1
210000000577 adipose tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
230000001919 adrenal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 description 1
238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
230000029936 alkylation Effects 0.000 description 1
238000005804 alkylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
239000002160 alpha blocker Substances 0.000 description 1
HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-LIZSDCNHSA-N alpha,alpha-trehalose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-LIZSDCNHSA-N 0.000 description 1
229940124308 alpha-adrenoreceptor antagonist Drugs 0.000 description 1
BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-hydroxysuccinic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
229960002213 alprenolol Drugs 0.000 description 1
PAZJSJFMUHDSTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N alprenolol Chemical compound CC(C)NCC(O)COC1=CC=CC=C1CC=C PAZJSJFMUHDSTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
229940025084 amphetamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
239000003392 amylase inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
230000037005 anaesthesia Effects 0.000 description 1
239000012491 analyte Substances 0.000 description 1
239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
239000000883 anti-obesity agent Substances 0.000 description 1
229940030600 antihypertensive agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
239000002220 antihypertensive agent Substances 0.000 description 1
239000003524 antilipemic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
229940125710 antiobesity agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
230000036528 appetite Effects 0.000 description 1
235000019789 appetite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N arabinose Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C=O PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
150000001510 aspartic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
229960002274 atenolol Drugs 0.000 description 1
230000003542 behavioural effect Effects 0.000 description 1
229960004530 benazepril Drugs 0.000 description 1
LZCZIHQBSCVGRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzenecarboximidamide;hydron;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].NC(=[NH2+])C1=CC=CC=C1 LZCZIHQBSCVGRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
UREZNYTWGJKWBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M benzethonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C1=CC(C(C)(C)CC(C)(C)C)=CC=C1OCCOCC[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 UREZNYTWGJKWBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
229960001950 benzethonium chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
235000010233 benzoic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
229960004365 benzoic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
XSIFPSYPOVKYCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid butyl ester Natural products CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XSIFPSYPOVKYCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
KKBIUAUSZKGNOA-HNAYVOBHSA-N benzyl (2s)-2-[[(2s)-2-(acetylsulfanylmethyl)-3-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)propanoyl]amino]propanoate Chemical compound O=C([C@@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](CSC(C)=O)CC=1C=C2OCOC2=CC=1)C)OCC1=CC=CC=C1 KKBIUAUSZKGNOA-HNAYVOBHSA-N 0.000 description 1
239000002876 beta blocker Substances 0.000 description 1
229940097320 beta blocking agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-D-Pyranose-Lyxose Natural products OC1COC(O)C(O)C1O SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QUYVBRFLSA-N beta-maltose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QUYVBRFLSA-N 0.000 description 1
229960003237 betaine Drugs 0.000 description 1
239000007998 bicine buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
108091008324 binding proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
230000000975 bioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
229960002685 biotin Drugs 0.000 description 1
235000020958 biotin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
239000011616 biotin Substances 0.000 description 1
IXIBAKNTJSCKJM-BUBXBXGNSA-N bovine insulin Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@H]1CSSC[C@H]2C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=3C=CC(O)=CC=3)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=3C=CC(O)=CC=3)C(=O)N[C@@H](CSSC[C@H](NC(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=3C=CC(O)=CC=3)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=3NC=NC=3)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)CNC1=O)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(O)=O)=O)CSSC[C@@H](C(N2)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)CN)[C@@H](C)CC)C(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(C)C)C1=CN=CN1 IXIBAKNTJSCKJM-BUBXBXGNSA-N 0.000 description 1
235000021152 breakfast Nutrition 0.000 description 1
210000003123 bronchiole Anatomy 0.000 description 1
229960003168 bronopol Drugs 0.000 description 1
239000004067 bulking agent Substances 0.000 description 1
KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N butanedioic acid Chemical compound O[14C](=O)CC[14C](O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N 0.000 description 1
BBBFJLBPOGFECG-VJVYQDLKSA-N calcitonin Chemical compound N([C@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1NC=NC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(N)=O)C(C)C)C(=O)[C@@H]1CSSC[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N1 BBBFJLBPOGFECG-VJVYQDLKSA-N 0.000 description 1
229960004015 calcitonin Drugs 0.000 description 1
239000000480 calcium channel blocker Substances 0.000 description 1
FAKRSMQSSFJEIM-RQJHMYQMSA-N captopril Chemical compound SC[C@@H](C)C(=O)N1CCC[C@H]1C(O)=O FAKRSMQSSFJEIM-RQJHMYQMSA-N 0.000 description 1
229960000830 captopril Drugs 0.000 description 1
235000021074 carbohydrate intake Nutrition 0.000 description 1
229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
235000011089 carbon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
230000003915 cell function Effects 0.000 description 1
230000033077 cellular process Effects 0.000 description 1
238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
229940112822 chewing gum Drugs 0.000 description 1
229960003260 chlorhexidine Drugs 0.000 description 1
229960004926 chlorobutanol Drugs 0.000 description 1
229960002242 chlorocresol Drugs 0.000 description 1
229960003993 chlorphenesin Drugs 0.000 description 1
229940001468 citrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
229960001214 clofibrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
KNHUKKLJHYUCFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N clofibrate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)(C)OC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 KNHUKKLJHYUCFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
229960003920 cocaine Drugs 0.000 description 1
229960002604 colestipol Drugs 0.000 description 1
GMRWGQCZJGVHKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N colestipol Chemical compound ClCC1CO1.NCCNCCNCCNCCN GMRWGQCZJGVHKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
238000012875 competitive assay Methods 0.000 description 1
238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 description 1
230000021615 conjugation Effects 0.000 description 1
210000000795 conjunctiva Anatomy 0.000 description 1
230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
OMFXVFTZEKFJBZ-HJTSIMOOSA-N corticosterone Chemical compound O=C1CC[C@]2(C)[C@H]3[C@@H](O)C[C@](C)([C@H](CC4)C(=O)CO)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1 OMFXVFTZEKFJBZ-HJTSIMOOSA-N 0.000 description 1
IDLFZVILOHSSID-OVLDLUHVSA-N corticotropin Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCSC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1NC=NC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CO)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IDLFZVILOHSSID-OVLDLUHVSA-N 0.000 description 1
229960000258 corticotropin Drugs 0.000 description 1
238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 1
238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 description 1
229940097362 cyclodextrins Drugs 0.000 description 1
125000000151 cysteine group Chemical group N[C@@H](CS)C(=O)* 0.000 description 1
230000001086 cytosolic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
230000034994 death Effects 0.000 description 1
230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
230000000368 destabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
229960001767 dextrothyroxine Drugs 0.000 description 1
238000013118 diabetic mouse model Methods 0.000 description 1
230000035487 diastolic blood pressure Effects 0.000 description 1
KCFYHBSOLOXZIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dihydrochrysin Natural products COC1=C(O)C(OC)=CC(C2OC3=CC(O)=CC(O)=C3C(=O)C2)=C1 KCFYHBSOLOXZIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
ZCKYOWGFRHAZIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dihydrourocanic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC1=CNC=N1 ZCKYOWGFRHAZIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
229960004166 diltiazem Drugs 0.000 description 1
HSUGRBWQSSZJOP-RTWAWAEBSA-N diltiazem Chemical compound C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1[C@H]1[C@@H](OC(C)=O)C(=O)N(CCN(C)C)C2=CC=CC=C2S1 HSUGRBWQSSZJOP-RTWAWAEBSA-N 0.000 description 1
LOKCTEFSRHRXRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-I dipotassium trisodium dihydrogen phosphate hydrogen phosphate dichloride Chemical compound P(=O)(O)(O)[O-].[K+].P(=O)(O)([O-])[O-].[Na+].[Na+].[Cl-].[K+].[Cl-].[Na+] LOKCTEFSRHRXRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 1
150000002016 disaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
230000008034 disappearance Effects 0.000 description 1
208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OP([O-])([O-])=O BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
208000035475 disorder Diseases 0.000 description 1
239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
208000002173 dizziness Diseases 0.000 description 1
239000002552 dosage form Substances 0.000 description 1
229960001389 doxazosin Drugs 0.000 description 1
RUZYUOTYCVRMRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N doxazosin Chemical compound C1OC2=CC=CC=C2OC1C(=O)N(CC1)CCN1C1=NC(N)=C(C=C(C(OC)=C2)OC)C2=N1 RUZYUOTYCVRMRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
230000004064 dysfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
230000009881 electrostatic interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 1
229960000873 enalapril Drugs 0.000 description 1
GBXSMTUPTTWBMN-XIRDDKMYSA-N enalapril Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)OCC)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(O)=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 GBXSMTUPTTWBMN-XIRDDKMYSA-N 0.000 description 1
230000004795 endocrine process Effects 0.000 description 1
230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
210000002615 epidermis Anatomy 0.000 description 1
238000011067 equilibration Methods 0.000 description 1
239000004403 ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate Substances 0.000 description 1
235000010228 ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
229940043351 ethyl-p-hydroxybenzoate Drugs 0.000 description 1
NUVBSKCKDOMJSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylparaben Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 NUVBSKCKDOMJSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
239000003889 eye drop Substances 0.000 description 1
229940012356 eye drops Drugs 0.000 description 1
239000003885 eye ointment Substances 0.000 description 1
239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 1
229960003580 felodipine Drugs 0.000 description 1
239000012894 fetal calf serum Substances 0.000 description 1
238000010579 first pass effect Methods 0.000 description 1
239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
229960002490 fosinopril Drugs 0.000 description 1
239000012458 free base Substances 0.000 description 1
239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
235000011087 fumaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
239000003629 gastrointestinal hormone Substances 0.000 description 1
239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 1
239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 1
229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 1
235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
229960003627 gemfibrozil Drugs 0.000 description 1
238000007429 general method Methods 0.000 description 1
TWSALRJGPBVBQU-PKQQPRCHSA-N glucagon-like peptide 2 Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(O)=O)[C@@H](C)CC)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCNC(N)=N)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCSC)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC=1NC=NC=1)[C@@H](C)O)[C@@H](C)CC)C1=CC=CC=C1 TWSALRJGPBVBQU-PKQQPRCHSA-N 0.000 description 1
230000001369 glucagonostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
230000004110 gluconeogenesis Effects 0.000 description 1
230000009229 glucose formation Effects 0.000 description 1
230000004153 glucose metabolism Effects 0.000 description 1
230000004190 glucose uptake Effects 0.000 description 1
229930195712 glutamate Natural products 0.000 description 1
235000013922 glutamic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
239000004220 glutamic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
230000004116 glycogenolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
229940043257 glycylglycine Drugs 0.000 description 1
230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
230000002440 hepatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
229920006158 high molecular weight polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
239000003395 histamine H3 receptor antagonist Substances 0.000 description 1
125000000487 histidyl group Chemical class [H]N([H])C(C(=O)O*)C([H])([H])C1=C([H])N([H])C([H])=N1 0.000 description 1
235000003642 hunger Nutrition 0.000 description 1
229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
230000005661 hydrophobic surface Effects 0.000 description 1
229940050526 hydroxyethylstarch Drugs 0.000 description 1
125000004029 hydroxymethyl group Chemical group [H]OC([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
239000002471 hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
229920003088 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
235000010979 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
230000002163 immunogen Effects 0.000 description 1
239000007943 implant Substances 0.000 description 1
238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
CDAISMWEOUEBRE-GPIVLXJGSA-N inositol Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H]1O CDAISMWEOUEBRE-GPIVLXJGSA-N 0.000 description 1
229960000367 inositol Drugs 0.000 description 1
210000002660 insulin-secreting cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
206010022498 insulinoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 1
238000001361 intraarterial administration Methods 0.000 description 1
230000003834 intracellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
238000007912 intraperitoneal administration Methods 0.000 description 1
PGLTVOMIXTUURA-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodoacetamide Chemical compound NC(=O)CI PGLTVOMIXTUURA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
210000004153 islets of langerhan Anatomy 0.000 description 1
FZWBNHMXJMCXLU-BLAUPYHCSA-N isomaltotriose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1OC[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C=O)O1 FZWBNHMXJMCXLU-BLAUPYHCSA-N 0.000 description 1
229960004427 isradipine Drugs 0.000 description 1
239000008101 lactose Substances 0.000 description 1
150000002605 large molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
229940039781 leptin Drugs 0.000 description 1
NRYBAZVQPHGZNS-ZSOCWYAHSA-N leptin Chemical compound O=C([C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC(C)C)CCSC)N1CCC[C@H]1C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CS)C(O)=O NRYBAZVQPHGZNS-ZSOCWYAHSA-N 0.000 description 1
TWNIBLMWSKIRAT-VFUOTHLCSA-N levoglucosan Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]2CO[C@@H]1O2 TWNIBLMWSKIRAT-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 1
235000019421 lipase Nutrition 0.000 description 1
230000004322 lipid homeostasis Effects 0.000 description 1
230000037356 lipid metabolism Effects 0.000 description 1
239000012669 liquid formulation Substances 0.000 description 1
229960002394 lisinopril Drugs 0.000 description 1
RLAWWYSOJDYHDC-BZSNNMDCSA-N lisinopril Chemical compound C([C@H](N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(O)=O)C(O)=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 RLAWWYSOJDYHDC-BZSNNMDCSA-N 0.000 description 1
PCZOHLXUXFIOCF-BXMDZJJMSA-N lovastatin Chemical compound C([C@H]1[C@@H](C)C=CC2=C[C@H](C)C[C@@H]([C@H]12)OC(=O)[C@@H](C)CC)C[C@@H]1C[C@@H](O)CC(=O)O1 PCZOHLXUXFIOCF-BXMDZJJMSA-N 0.000 description 1
229960004844 lovastatin Drugs 0.000 description 1
QLJODMDSTUBWDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N lovastatin hydroxy acid Natural products C1=CC(C)C(CCC(O)CC(O)CC(O)=O)C2C(OC(=O)C(C)CC)CC(C)C=C21 QLJODMDSTUBWDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
239000001630 malic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
235000011090 malic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
238000004949 mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
238000012067 mathematical method Methods 0.000 description 1
229950004994 meglitinide Drugs 0.000 description 1
239000002865 melanocortin Substances 0.000 description 1
229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
229960000485 methotrexate Drugs 0.000 description 1
239000004292 methyl p-hydroxybenzoate Substances 0.000 description 1
235000010270 methyl p-hydroxybenzoate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
LXCFILQKKLGQFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylparaben Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 LXCFILQKKLGQFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
229960002237 metoprolol Drugs 0.000 description 1
IUBSYMUCCVWXPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N metoprolol Chemical compound COCCC1=CC=C(OCC(O)CNC(C)C)C=C1 IUBSYMUCCVWXPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
239000004530 micro-emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
210000000110 microvilli Anatomy 0.000 description 1
238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
SLZIZIJTGAYEKK-CIJSCKBQSA-N molport-023-220-247 Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1N=CNC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1N=CNC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H]1N(CCC1)C(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)NC(=O)CN)[C@@H](C)O)C1=CNC=N1 SLZIZIJTGAYEKK-CIJSCKBQSA-N 0.000 description 1
229910000403 monosodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
235000019799 monosodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
PJUIMOJAAPLTRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N monothioglycerol Chemical compound OCC(O)CS PJUIMOJAAPLTRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
230000036651 mood Effects 0.000 description 1
210000004877 mucosa Anatomy 0.000 description 1
OELFLUMRDSZNSF-BRWVUGGUSA-N nateglinide Chemical compound C1C[C@@H](C(C)C)CC[C@@H]1C(=O)N[C@@H](C(O)=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 OELFLUMRDSZNSF-BRWVUGGUSA-N 0.000 description 1
229960000698 nateglinide Drugs 0.000 description 1
230000008693 nausea Effects 0.000 description 1
230000000926 neurological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
230000004751 neurological system process Effects 0.000 description 1
230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
239000002547 new drug Substances 0.000 description 1
229960001783 nicardipine Drugs 0.000 description 1
HYIMSNHJOBLJNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N nifedipine Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=C(C)NC(C)=C(C(=O)OC)C1C1=CC=CC=C1[N+]([O-])=O HYIMSNHJOBLJNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
229960001597 nifedipine Drugs 0.000 description 1
229960000715 nimodipine Drugs 0.000 description 1
229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
239000002767 noradrenalin uptake inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
229940126569 noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 1
230000002474 noradrenergic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
229960002748 norepinephrine Drugs 0.000 description 1
SFLSHLFXELFNJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N norepinephrine Natural products NCC(O)C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 SFLSHLFXELFNJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
230000001019 normoglycemic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
238000007410 oral glucose tolerance test Methods 0.000 description 1
108060005714 orexin Proteins 0.000 description 1
208000021255 pancreatic insulinoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
230000003076 paracrine Effects 0.000 description 1
238000007911 parenteral administration Methods 0.000 description 1
239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
JLFNLZLINWHATN-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCOCCOCCO JLFNLZLINWHATN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
WEXRUCMBJFQVBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentobarbital Chemical compound CCCC(C)C1(CC)C(=O)NC(=O)NC1=O WEXRUCMBJFQVBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
229960001412 pentobarbital Drugs 0.000 description 1
238000002733 pharmacodynamic assay Methods 0.000 description 1
238000002732 pharmacokinetic assay Methods 0.000 description 1
229960005323 phenoxyethanol Drugs 0.000 description 1
WVDDGKGOMKODPV-ZQBYOMGUSA-N phenyl(114C)methanol Chemical compound O[14CH2]C1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-ZQBYOMGUSA-N 0.000 description 1
230000010399 physical interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
230000004962 physiological condition Effects 0.000 description 1
230000001766 physiological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
229960002508 pindolol Drugs 0.000 description 1
PHUTUTUABXHXLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N pindolol Chemical compound CC(C)NCC(O)COC1=CC=CC2=NC=C[C]12 PHUTUTUABXHXLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
210000004896 polypeptide structure Anatomy 0.000 description 1
229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
229920000136 polysorbate Polymers 0.000 description 1
229920000166 polytrimethylene carbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 1
235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
108020001213 potassium channel Proteins 0.000 description 1
TUZYXOIXSAXUGO-PZAWKZKUSA-N pravastatin Chemical compound C1=C[C@H](C)[C@H](CC[C@@H](O)C[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O)[C@H]2[C@@H](OC(=O)[C@@H](C)CC)C[C@H](O)C=C21 TUZYXOIXSAXUGO-PZAWKZKUSA-N 0.000 description 1
229960002965 pravastatin Drugs 0.000 description 1
229960001289 prazosin Drugs 0.000 description 1
IENZQIKPVFGBNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N prazosin Chemical compound N=1C(N)=C2C=C(OC)C(OC)=CC2=NC=1N(CC1)CCN1C(=O)C1=CC=CO1 IENZQIKPVFGBNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
230000035935 pregnancy Effects 0.000 description 1
230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
229960003912 probucol Drugs 0.000 description 1
FYPMFJGVHOHGLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N probucol Chemical compound C=1C(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=CC=1SC(C)(C)SC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 FYPMFJGVHOHGLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
RDMJBUQOZCJUAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N propane-1,2-diol;propane-1,2,3-triol Chemical compound CC(O)CO.OCC(O)CO.OCC(O)CO RDMJBUQOZCJUAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
229960003712 propranolol Drugs 0.000 description 1
125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
235000013772 propylene glycol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
108020000494 protein-tyrosine phosphatase Proteins 0.000 description 1
235000019423 pullulan Nutrition 0.000 description 1
230000002685 pulmonary effect Effects 0.000 description 1
238000012207 quantitative assay Methods 0.000 description 1
229960001455 quinapril Drugs 0.000 description 1
JSDRRTOADPPCHY-HSQYWUDLSA-N quinapril Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)OCC)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CC2=CC=CC=C2C1)C(O)=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 JSDRRTOADPPCHY-HSQYWUDLSA-N 0.000 description 1
229960003401 ramipril Drugs 0.000 description 1
HDACQVRGBOVJII-JBDAPHQKSA-N ramipril Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)OCC)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N1[C@@H](C[C@@H]2CCC[C@@H]21)C(O)=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 HDACQVRGBOVJII-JBDAPHQKSA-N 0.000 description 1
239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
229940044551 receptor antagonist Drugs 0.000 description 1
239000002464 receptor antagonist Substances 0.000 description 1
210000000664 rectum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
239000003488 releasing hormone Substances 0.000 description 1
229960002354 repaglinide Drugs 0.000 description 1
230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
238000004007 reversed phase HPLC Methods 0.000 description 1
102220092852 rs754853086 Human genes 0.000 description 1
210000003296 saliva Anatomy 0.000 description 1
229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
HFHDHCJBZVLPGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N schardinger α-dextrin Chemical compound O1C(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(O)C2O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC2C(O)C(O)C1OC2CO HFHDHCJBZVLPGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
CDAISMWEOUEBRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N scyllo-inosotol Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C1O CDAISMWEOUEBRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
230000002295 serotoninergic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
229960002855 simvastatin Drugs 0.000 description 1
RYMZZMVNJRMUDD-HGQWONQESA-N simvastatin Chemical compound C([C@H]1[C@@H](C)C=CC2=C[C@H](C)C[C@@H]([C@H]12)OC(=O)C(C)(C)CC)C[C@@H]1C[C@@H](O)CC(=O)O1 RYMZZMVNJRMUDD-HGQWONQESA-N 0.000 description 1
238000003998 size exclusion chromatography high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
230000037321 sleepiness Effects 0.000 description 1
239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
229960004249 sodium acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
229940001593 sodium carbonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
235000019259 sodium dehydroacetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
229940079839 sodium dehydroacetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].OP(O)([O-])=O AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
DSOWAKKSGYUMTF-GZOLSCHFSA-M sodium;(1e)-1-(6-methyl-2,4-dioxopyran-3-ylidene)ethanolate Chemical compound [Na+].C\C([O-])=C1/C(=O)OC(C)=CC1=O DSOWAKKSGYUMTF-GZOLSCHFSA-M 0.000 description 1
239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
210000002325 somatostatin-secreting cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 1
125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
238000013222 sprague-dawley male rat Methods 0.000 description 1
238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 description 1
210000002784 stomach Anatomy 0.000 description 1
238000010254 subcutaneous injection Methods 0.000 description 1
239000007929 subcutaneous injection Substances 0.000 description 1
239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
239000000829 suppository Substances 0.000 description 1
230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
210000004243 sweat Anatomy 0.000 description 1
230000035900 sweating Effects 0.000 description 1
206010042772 syncope Diseases 0.000 description 1
230000035488 systolic blood pressure Effects 0.000 description 1
239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
229960003080 taurine Drugs 0.000 description 1
229960001693 terazosin Drugs 0.000 description 1
VCKUSRYTPJJLNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N terazosin Chemical compound N=1C(N)=C2C=C(OC)C(OC)=CC2=NC=1N(CC1)CCN1C(=O)C1CCCO1 VCKUSRYTPJJLNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
125000005931 tert-butyloxycarbonyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(OC(*)=O)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 description 1
229940124597 therapeutic agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
230000000930 thermomechanical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
RTKIYNMVFMVABJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L thimerosal Chemical compound [Na+].CC[Hg]SC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O RTKIYNMVFMVABJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
229940033663 thimerosal Drugs 0.000 description 1
JADVWWSKYZXRGX-UHFFFAOYSA-M thioflavine T Chemical compound [Cl-].C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C1C1=[N+](C)C2=CC=C(C)C=C2S1 JADVWWSKYZXRGX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
238000001890 transfection Methods 0.000 description 1
238000007492 two-way ANOVA Methods 0.000 description 1
229960001130 urapidil Drugs 0.000 description 1
210000000626 ureter Anatomy 0.000 description 1
239000000777 urocortin Substances 0.000 description 1
210000001215 vagina Anatomy 0.000 description 1
229940098946 vaginal ointment Drugs 0.000 description 1
239000006213 vaginal ring Substances 0.000 description 1
239000006216 vaginal suppository Substances 0.000 description 1
229960001722 verapamil Drugs 0.000 description 1
238000011179 visual inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
230000002618 waking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
239000000811 xylitol Substances 0.000 description 1
235000010447 xylitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N xylitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N 0.000 description 1
229960002675 xylitol Drugs 0.000 description 1
239000002888 zwitterionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1