JP2016521635A - 燃料電池用途のディーゼル燃料加工からメタンリッチガス生成のためのNi/CGOおよびNi−Ru/CGO系予備改質触媒調合物 - Google Patents
燃料電池用途のディーゼル燃料加工からメタンリッチガス生成のためのNi/CGOおよびNi−Ru/CGO系予備改質触媒調合物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2016521635A JP2016521635A JP2016515081A JP2016515081A JP2016521635A JP 2016521635 A JP2016521635 A JP 2016521635A JP 2016515081 A JP2016515081 A JP 2016515081A JP 2016515081 A JP2016515081 A JP 2016515081A JP 2016521635 A JP2016521635 A JP 2016521635A
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- Prior art keywords
- catalyst
- diesel fuel
- cgo
- rich gas
- oxide component
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 230
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title abstract description 48
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title abstract description 44
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 title description 26
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 7
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 title description 6
- DEPMYWCZAIMWCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel ruthenium Chemical compound [Ni].[Ru] DEPMYWCZAIMWCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title 1
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 116
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910001938 gadolinium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229940075613 gadolinium oxide Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- CMIHHWBVHJVIGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N gadolinium(iii) oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Gd+3].[Gd+3] CMIHHWBVHJVIGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycine Chemical compound NCC(O)=O DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 56
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 55
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 36
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000004471 Glycine Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000009089 cytolysis Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910002492 Ce(NO3)3·6H2O Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002617 Gd(NO3)3·6H2O Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910003297 Ni(NO3)3·6H2O Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 21
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 20
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 20
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 12
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dodecane Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910004631 Ce(NO3)3.6H2O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- -1 saturates Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000013112 stability test Methods 0.000 description 4
- XPFAJCSMHOQBQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-aminoacetic acid;nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O.NCC(O)=O XPFAJCSMHOQBQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910005560 Gd(NO3)3.6H2O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- QPUYECUOLPXSFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methylnaphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C)=CC=CC2=C1 QPUYECUOLPXSFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001994 activation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical compound [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000629 steam reforming Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052688 Gadolinium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce] ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- UIWYJDYFSGRHKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N gadolinium atom Chemical compound [Gd] UIWYJDYFSGRHKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021526 gadolinium-doped ceria Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003915 liquefied petroleum gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel(ii) nitrate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006057 reforming reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012430 stability testing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/12—Feeding the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/1205—Composition of the feed
- C01B2203/1211—Organic compounds or organic mixtures used in the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/1235—Hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/12—Feeding the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/1205—Composition of the feed
- C01B2203/1211—Organic compounds or organic mixtures used in the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/1235—Hydrocarbons
- C01B2203/1247—Higher hydrocarbons
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
- H01M2008/1293—Fuel cells with solid oxide electrolytes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/0612—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
- H01M8/0618—Reforming processes, e.g. autothermal, partial oxidation or steam reforming
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
Description
Claims (19)
- ディーゼル燃料型液体炭化水素をメタンリッチガスに変換する触媒を調製する方法であって、前記プロセスが、
化学量論的量のCe(NO3)3・6H2O、Gd(NO3)3・6H2OおよびNi(NO3)3・6H2Oを脱イオン水に加えて溶解溶液を作製するステップと;
前記溶解溶液へグリシンを加えてグリシン溶解溶液を作製するステップと;
過剰水が蒸発燃焼を開始し、触媒粉末が生成されるように前記グリシン溶解溶液を加熱するステップと;
空気中で前記触媒粉末をか焼するステップと
を含む方法。 - 前記触媒粉末が、ディーゼル燃料型液体炭化水素をメタンリッチガスに変換するのに使用される形態に成形される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記形態が触媒ペレットである、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記グリシン溶解溶液のグリシンとNO3のモル比が約1.5である、請求項1から3のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記触媒粉末が約10nmから20nmの寸法範囲の粒子を有する、請求項1から4のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記触媒粉末のか焼ステップが、前記温度を800℃に4時間かけて上げるステップと、次いで、前記温度を800℃で4時間維持するステップとを含む、請求項1から5のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 触媒を活性化する方法であって、
前記触媒が、ディーゼル燃料型液体炭化水素をメタンリッチガスへ変換すべく作動し得るように、水素および窒素の環境中で前記触媒を還元するステップを含み、前記還元は500℃、4時間で起こり、前記触媒はニッケル成分、酸化セリウム成分および酸化ガドリニウム成分を含む方法。 - 前記水素が30重量%である、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記窒素が70重量%である、請求項7または8のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 触媒を再生する方法であって、
前記触媒がディーゼル燃料型液体炭化水素をメタンリッチガスへ変換すべく作動し得るように、ディーゼル燃料型液体炭化水素をメタンリッチガスに変換するために使用された前記触媒を、水、水素および窒素での処理を用いて、前記触媒上のコークス形成を除去するために十分な長さの時間、大気圧で前記触媒を処理するステップを含み、前記触媒はニッケル成分、酸化セリウム成分および酸化ガドリニウム成分を含む方法。 - 前記水素が30重量%である、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記窒素が45重量%である、請求項10および11のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記水が45重量%である、請求項10から12のいずれかに記載の方法。
- ディーゼル燃料型液体炭化水素が触媒に適用され、メタンリッチガスが生成される、請求項1の方法により調製された触媒を使用する方法。
- 触媒であって、
ニッケル成分、
酸化セリウム成分、および
酸化ガドリニウム成分
を含み、
ディーゼル燃料型液体炭化水素をメタンリッチガスに変換すべく作動し得る触媒。 - ルテニウムをさらに含む、請求項15に記載の触媒。
- 前記ニッケル成分が前記触媒の20重量%であり、前記酸化セリウム成分が70重量%であり、前記酸化ガドリニウム成分が10重量%である、請求項15および16のいずれかに記載の触媒。
- 前記ニッケル成分が19.5重量%であり、前記酸化セリウム成分が70重量%であり、前記酸化ガドリニウム成分が10重量%であり、前記ルテニウム成分が0.5重量%である、請求項15および16のいずれかに記載の触媒。
- ディーゼル燃料型液体炭化水素をメタンリッチガスに変換するための触媒であって、
ニッケル成分、
酸化セリウム成分、および
酸化ガドリニウム成分を含み、
前記触媒の使用中に前記触媒上のコークスの形成に抵抗力があり、ディーゼル燃料型液体炭化水素をメタンリッチガスへ90%以上の率で変換すべく作動し得る触媒。
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US13/900,042 US9181148B2 (en) | 2013-05-22 | 2013-05-22 | Ni/CGO and Ni-Ru/CGO based pre-reforming catalysts formulation for methane rich gas production from diesel processing for fuel cell applications |
US13/900,042 | 2013-05-22 | ||
PCT/US2014/039132 WO2014190148A1 (en) | 2013-05-22 | 2014-05-22 | Ni/cgo and ni-ru/cgo based pre-reforming catalysts formulation for methane rich gas production from diesel processing for fuel cell applications |
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