JP2016510332A - 治療配合物(compounds) - Google Patents
治療配合物(compounds) Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2016510332A JP2016510332A JP2015555373A JP2015555373A JP2016510332A JP 2016510332 A JP2016510332 A JP 2016510332A JP 2015555373 A JP2015555373 A JP 2015555373A JP 2015555373 A JP2015555373 A JP 2015555373A JP 2016510332 A JP2016510332 A JP 2016510332A
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- acid
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- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
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- 229960004394 topiramate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
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- YNJBWRMUSHSURL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl YNJBWRMUSHSURL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CYRMSUTZVYGINF-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichlorofluoromethane Chemical compound FC(Cl)(Cl)Cl CYRMSUTZVYGINF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940029284 trichlorofluoromethane Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000003866 trichloromethyl group Chemical group ClC(Cl)(Cl)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripropylamine Chemical compound CCCN(CCC)CCC YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- ZDPHROOEEOARMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N undecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZDPHROOEEOARMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MSRILKIQRXUYCT-UHFFFAOYSA-M valproate semisodium Chemical compound [Na+].CCCC(C(O)=O)CCC.CCCC(C([O-])=O)CCC MSRILKIQRXUYCT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2013年1月25日に出願された米国仮特許出願No. 61/757,058の出願日の利益を主張する。その開示内容は、全体として、参照することにより組み込まれる。
適用なし
一実施形態において、併用療法におけるL−アルギニン量は、約5 % w/v〜500% w/vである。別の実施形態において、併用療法におけるウンデシレン酸量は、約2% v/v 〜50% v/vである。さらなる実施形態において、併用療法におけるダイオウ(Rheum Officinale)抽出物の量は、約0.025% w/v〜2.5% w/vである。別の実施形態では、L−アルギニン量が約50% w/v、ウンデシレン酸量が約20% v/v、およびダイオウ(Rheum Officinale)抽出物の量が約0.25% w/vである。すべての実施形態において、該併用療法はメントール等の冷感剤または温感剤、薬学的に許容可能な賦形剤、希釈剤、または担体を含み得る。すべての実施形態において、該配合物(compound)は局所適用に最適化され得る。
本発明の併用療法は、例えば、細菌、真菌 およびウイルスの増殖を抑制し、同時に創傷治癒を助けるのに有効である。本発明の併用療法は、治療上有効量のL−アルギニン、ウンデシレン酸およびダイオウ(Rheum Officinale)(中国ダイオウ)抽出物を含有する。これら3成分の併用は、相乗的で相加的ではない生物学的作用機序を発揮する。さらに、本発明者らは、これら3化合物の併用が、個々の化合物の連続投与よりもより大きな治療上の利益を治療を受ける患者(例えばヒト)に与えることを見出した。
ダイオウ(Rheum Officinale)の生物学的に活性な抽出物は、例えば、冷浸、滲出、温浸、煮出し、浸透、加温連続抽出、発酵による水性アルコール抽出、逆流抽出(超音波処理)、および、参照することにより本明細書に組み込まれたHanda et al., “Extraction Technologies for Medicinal and Aromatic Plants,”United Nations Industrial Development Organization and the International Centre for Science and High Technology, Trieste (2008) に記載される超臨界流体抽出などの、当技術分野で公知の標準的な方法に従って調製され得る。
本発明の併用療法のいくつかの処方においては、最終製品の化粧品質を変更または改善する添加剤を含むことが適切または好適であり得る。例えば、生理学的な冷却効果を有する1以上のさらなる物質が本発明の混合物中に1成分として用いられることができ、下記リストから選択される: メントールおよびメントール誘導体(例えばL-メントール、D-メントール、ラセミ体メントール、イソメントール、ネオイソメントール、ネオメントール)、メンチルエーテル(例えば(I-メントキシ)-1,2-プロパンジオール、(I-メントキシ)-2-メチル-1,2-プロパンジオール、1-メンチル-メチルエーテル)、メンチルエステル(例えばメンチルホルミエイト(formiate)、メンチル酢酸、メンチルイソブチル、メンチル乳酸、L-メンチル-L-乳酸、L-メンチル-D-乳酸、メンチル-(2-メトキシ)酢酸、メンチル-(2-メトキシエトキシ)酢酸、メンチルピログルタミン酸)、炭酸メンチル(例えば炭酸メンチルプロピルレングリコール、炭酸メンチルエチレングリコール、炭酸メンチルグリセロールまたはそれらの混合物)、メントールとジカルボン酸またはその誘導体とのセミエステル(例えばモノ-メンチルコハク酸、モノ-メンチルグルタル酸、モノ-メンチルマロン酸、O-メンチルコハク酸エステル-N,N-(ジメチル)アミド、O-メンチルコハク酸エステルアミド)、メンタンカルボン酸アミド(この場合、好ましくは米国特許No.4,150,052に記載されるメンタンカルボン酸-N-エチルアミド[WS3]またはNα(N.sup..アルファ.)-(メンタンカルボニル)グリシンエチルエステル[WS5]、WO 2005/049553に記載されるメンタンカルボン酸-N-(4-シアノフェニル)アミドまたはメンタンカルボン酸-N-(4-シアノメチルフェニル)アミド、メタンカルボン酸付加-N-(アルコキシアルキル)アミド)、メントンおよびメントン誘導体(例えばL-メントングリセロールケタール)、2,3-ジメチル-2-(2-プロピル)-酪酸誘導体(例えば2,3-ジメチル-2-(2-プロピル)-ブチル付加-N-メチルアミド[WS23])、イソプレゴールまたはそのエステル(I--(-)-イソプレゴール、I--(-)-イソプレゴール酢酸)、メンタン誘導体 (例えばp-メンタン-3,8-ジオール)、クベボールまたはクベボールを含む合成または天然の混合物、シクロアルキルジオン誘導体のピロリドン誘導体(例えば3-メチル-2(1-ピロリジニル)-2-シクロペンテン-1-オン)またはテトラヒドロピリミジン-2-オン (例えばWO 2004/026840に記載されるイシリン(iciline)または関連化合物)。
化合物の最終的な単離および精製時に、金属カチオンの水酸化物、炭酸塩もしくは重炭酸塩などの適切な塩基、あるいはアンモニアまたは第1級、第2級もしくは第3級有機アミンとカルボキシ基の反応により、塩基付加塩を調製することができる。治療上許容される塩のカチオンとしては、リチウム、ナトリウム、カリウム、カルシウム、マグネシウムおよびアルミニウム、ならびに、アンモニウム、テトラメチルアンモニウム、テトラエチルアンモニウム、メチルアミン、ジメチルアミン、トリメチルアミン、トリエチルアミン、ジエチルアミン、エチルアミン、トリブチルアミン、ピリジン、N,N-ジメチルアニリン、N-メチルピペリジン、N-メチルモルホリン、ジシクロヘキシルアミン、プロカイン、ジベンジルアミン、N,N-ジベンジルフェネチルアミン、1-エフェナミンおよびN,N'-ジベンジルエチレンジアミンのような非毒性の4級アミンカチオンが挙げられる。塩基付加塩の形成に有用な他の代表的な有機アミンとしては、エチレンジアミン、エタノールアミン、ジエタノールアミン、 ピペリジンおよびピペラジンが挙げられる。
前述の例示は、単に本発明を説明するものと解される。用いられた論文および/または方法のある変更がなされても、未だ本発明の課題を達成し得る。かかる変更は、クレームされた発明の範囲内にあると考えられる。以下の実施例において、すべての部および百分率は、別に示されない限り、重量により示される。
50 % w/v L−アルギニン、20% v/v ウンデシレン酸および0.25% w/v ダイオウ(Rheum Officinale)抽出物を含む本発明の併用療法が、インビトロおよびインビボ試験のために調製された。ある実施形態では、併用療法はさらに1容量%のメントールを含有する(溶液の1 mLを取り出し、0.890gのメントールを加える)。
1. ホットプレート上のビーカーに200 mLの蒸留水をとる。
2. 水を65℃に熱し、マグネティック撹拌子で混合する。
3. 100 gのL−アルギニンを、すべて溶解するまでゆっくりと水に加える。
4. 40 mLのウンデシレン酸および4 gのクリームメーカー(CreamMaker) CA-20 を別のビーカーに用意する。
5. 200 mLのL−アルギニン溶液を新しいビーカーにとり、0.5 gのダイオウ(Rheum Officinale)を加える。撹拌しながら65℃に保つ。
6. 160 mLのL−アルギニン/ダイオウ(Rheum Officinale)溶液を、40 mLのウンデシレン酸および4 gのクリームメーカー(CreamMaker)CA-20の入ったビーカーに入れる。
7. 新しい溶液を、45℃〜65℃(50℃が好ましい)で、ウンデシレン酸およびクリームメーカー(CreamMaker)CA-20が完全に溶液となるまで、撹拌および加熱する。
8. いったんウンデシレン酸およびクリームメーカー(CreamMaker)CA-20が完全に溶液となれば、撹拌および加熱を続け、該溶液から2 mLを取り出す。
9. 1.8 gのメントールを該溶液に加え、完全に溶液となるまで撹拌および加熱を続ける。
10. 生成物を冷却し、保存容器に小分けする。
個々の成分(すなわち、L−アルギニン、ウンデシレン酸およびダイオウ(Rheum Officinale)抽出物)は、異なる溶解特性を示し、治療配合物(compound) (例えば、局所用クリーム) の調製を困難または不可能としている。例えば、本発明者らは、下記組み合わせは水に不溶であることを見出した:
1. L−アルギニンは、50% w/vで水に溶けない。
2. ウンデシレン酸は、20% v/v で水に溶けない。
3. ダイオウ(Rheum Officinale)抽出物は、0.25% w/vで水に溶けない。
さらに、本発明者らは、これら成分の対となる組み合わせがまた不溶性であることを見出した。:
1. L−アルギニンおよびウンデシレン酸の組み合わせと、クリームメーカー(Cream-Maker)/水のビヒクル溶液とは不溶である。
2. ダイオウ(Rheum Officinale)抽出物 (0.25% w/v)およびL−アルギニン (50% w/v)の組み合わせは水に不溶である。
3. ダイオウ(Rheum Officinale)抽出物 (0.25% w/v)およびウンデシレン酸 (20% v/v)の組み合わせは、クリームメーカー(Cream-Maker)/水ビヒクル溶液に不溶である。
三成分すべてが上述した濃度で組み合わされた場合にのみ、クリームメーカー(Cream-Maker)/水溶液の調製が成し遂げられる。
臨床的に関連のある細菌の増殖阻害におけるWT13-12の有効性を測定するため、インビトロ試験が実施された。WT13-12は、500 mg/mL L−アルギニン、20 % v/v ウンデシレン酸および0.25 % w/v ダイオウ(Rheum Officinale)からなる。 WT13-12 を、羊血液寒天 (SBA) プレートの半面に塗擦し、15分間乾燥した。他の側には、WT13-12を含有しないビヒクルを塗擦した。乾燥後、50 μL の精製細菌を100,000 col/mLにて、羊血液寒天プレートの対照側および処理側に塗擦した。塗擦後、プレートは37℃で48時間インキュベートした。植菌の24および48時間後に増殖が評価された。阻害率(%)は、対照側に対する処理側を測定し、対照側を100%の増殖とすることにより求めた。プレートはまた、ビヒクルが微生物の増殖を阻害しないことを確かめるため、ビヒクルを塗擦していない対照プレートと比較した(ビヒクルは増殖を阻害しなかった)。
WT13-12の各成分の相対的な寄与を検討するため、各成分が個々にまたは二成分の組み合わせにて、上述したインビトロの細菌増殖阻害アッセイにおいて試験された。図4−7に示されるように、個々の成分(すなわち、L−アルギニン、ウンデシレン酸またはダイオウ(Rheum Officinale)抽出物)または二成分の組み合わせは、培養物の植菌後24時間以内には、MRSA、S. agalactiae、S. pyogenesまたはE. faecalisの有意な阻害を示さなかった。一方、三成分を組み合わせたWT13-12は、統計的に有意に培養物の増殖を制限した。これらの結果は、併用療法であるWT13-12は、単に併用療法の構成分子による相加的な阻害の結果ではなく、三成分の相乗的な生物学的作用機序に基くことを示唆する。
16匹の麻酔した成体雄性ラットの右側面背部に2.5 cmの外科的創傷を生ぜしめた。該創傷に、100,000 colonies/mLのメチシリン耐性黄色ブドウ球菌(MRSA)を故意に感染させた。感染の4時間後に、WT13-12を浸したガーゼまたは生理食塩水を浸したガーゼを創傷に詰めた。24時間後に詰め物を除去し、培養のため創傷が拭き取られ、創傷に処理または生理食塩水ガーゼを再度詰めた。この操作を感染後3日目まで繰り返した。感染後4日目に、動物は再度拭き取られ、安楽死させられ、培養および分析のために血液が採取された。図8−10に示されるように、WT13-12はラットにおける活性なMRSAによる創傷感染を有意に軽減した。WT13-12による処理は、全動物において、敗血症の進行を完全に阻害した。8匹の生理食塩水処理感染動物のうち、6匹が血液中にMRSAを有することがわかった。もし、われわれが本研究を4日よりも長期間続けていれば、他の2匹にも同様に敗血症が進行した可能性はきわめて高い。創傷の構造および完全性は、WT13-12処理および生理食塩水処理動物の間で非常に異なっていた。WT13-12による処理は、創傷における壊死組織、細菌および細胞残屑の量を有意に減少させた。この効果は、さらに外観検査を行うことによっても確認された。生理食塩水処理組織には、すべての場合において、少なくとも一つの膿瘍が存在した。一方、WT13-12 動物のいずれにも、膿瘍は存在しなかった。すべての生理食塩水処理創傷には、壊死組織斑(分解された組織の柔らかな黒斑)も存在したが、すべてのWT13-12処理創傷には存在しなかった。白血球の計測は、WT13-12処理動物のすべてが活性な免疫反応を経験しなかったことを示し、それらが活動性感染と戦っていなかったことを示唆した。一方、生理食塩水処理動物のうち3匹には顕著な好中球減少が見られ、効果的な免疫反応の開始能力の明らかな低下を示唆した。一匹の生理食塩水処理動物は、急性敗血症に罹患し、感染の末期であることを示す極めて高い白血球数が見られた。感染に対するこの二相性のWBCの反応は、MRSA敗血症において通常生じる。細菌が血流中で増殖して増加するに従い、循環するWBCレベルは感染と戦って減少する。細菌レベルが増加し続け、免疫系を圧倒するので、WBCの増加が適応反応として同時に生じる。
24年間にわたる嚢腫性ざ瘡の病歴を有する38才女性は、数個の深いざ瘡斑を呈した。 患部は腫れて炎症を起こしており、直径約5mmと測定された。患者は、他の治療を受けていないことが確実となるよう選抜された。選択された部位がWT13-12で治療され、貼付用片で8時間被覆された。治療は5日間連続して行われた。治療の2日目以降、腫脹および炎症は有意に減少した。5日目までにざ瘡部位の直径は0.5mm未満にまで減少した。未治療のざ瘡部位は7mmにまで増加した。WT13-12での治療が終了した1週間後に、病変部位は完全に治癒した。未治療のざ瘡部位は変化することなく残存し、評価期間の開始後21日間存在した。治療部位は、治療に由来する瘢痕化または残存効果を示さなかった。
36才女性は、左臀部に12mmの 炎症性の腫物を呈した。該部位は腫脹し、炎症を起こしており、感圧性であった。創傷部位の実験室での培養により、純粋なB群ベータ連鎖球菌が培養された。WT13-12 が塗布され、24時間貼付用片で被覆された。この期間の終了時に、貼付用片が除去され、該部位は石鹸で洗浄されて評価された。炎症および腫脹は、視覚的に減少した。治療開始時に、患者は感染部位における疼痛の迅速な減少を報告した。治療後24時間には、患者は炎症性の腫物による不快感を示さなかった。治療の5日後には、炎症性の腫物はもはや視認されなかった。治療部位は、治療に由来する瘢痕化または残存効果を示さなかった。
9才男性は、直径20mmと測定される活動性のティネア コルプス(Tinea corpus)(白癬) 感染を呈した。感染部位がWT13-12 で治療され、貼付用片で8時間被覆された。患者は、感染部位の「痒み」の迅速な消失を報告した。治療は4日間継続された。治療が開始されて48時間後に、白癬感染は有意に減少した。治療が始まって10日後には、感染はもはや視認されなかった。
39才男性は、右前腕に活動性のティネア コルプス(Tinea corpus)(白癬)感染を呈した。該感染部位は直径10mmと測定された。感染部位がWT13-12で治療され、貼付用片で8時間被覆された。患者は、疼痛のない「チクチク感」を報告した。治療は4日間継続された。治療が開始されて48時間後に、 白癬感染は4mmまで減少した。治療が始められて7日後には、感染はもはや視認されなかった。
本明細書にて引用されたすべての出版物および特許出願は、まるで各個々の出版物および特許出願が参照することにより組み込まれることが明確かつ個々に示されているかのように、参照することによって本明細書に組み込まれる。上述の発明は、明確な理解の目的で、図示および実施例により少し詳しく記載されているが、添付のクレームの精神または範囲から逸脱することなく、それにある変更および修正を加え得ることは、本発明の教示に照らして、当分野において通常の知識を有する者にただちに明らかであろう。
Claims (16)
- L−アルギニン、ウンデシレン酸およびダイオウ(Rheum Officinale)抽出物、またはそれらの薬学的に許容される塩を含有する、治療配合物(compound)。
- L−アルギニン含有量が、約5% w/v〜500% w/vである、請求項1の配合物(compound)。
- ウンデシレン酸含有量が、約2% v/v〜50% v/vである、請求項1の配合物(compound)。
- ダイオウ(Rheum Officinale)抽出物の含有量が、約0.025% w/v〜2.5% w/vである、請求項1の配合物(compound)。
- L−アルギニン含有量が約50% w/vであり、ウンデシレン酸含有量が約20% v/vであり、ダイオウ(Rheum Officinale)抽出物の含有量が約0.25% w/vである、請求項1の配合物(compound)。
- さらに、冷感剤または温感剤を含有する、請求項1の配合物(compound)。
- 前記冷感剤がメントールである、請求項6の配合物(compound)。
- 薬学的に許容される賦形剤、希釈剤または担体と組み合わせてなる、請求項1の配合物(compound)。
- 前記賦形剤、希釈剤または担体が、局所適用に適する、請求項8に記載の治療。
- 疾患に罹患した患者の治療方法であって、
L−アルギニン、ウンデシレン酸およびダイオウ(Rheum Officinale)抽出物を含有する治療配合物(compound)の治療的に有効量を、前記患者に投与することを含む、方法。 - 前記疾患が、皮膚疾患、創傷または感染である、請求項10の方法。
- 前記皮膚疾患が、ざ瘡、乾癬または湿疹である、請求項11の方法。
- 前記感染が、微生物性、ウイルス性または真菌性病原体によって生じる、請求項11の方法。
- 前記創傷が、火傷、切傷、刺傷または擦傷である、請求項11の方法。
- L−アルギニン含有量が約50% w/v、ウンデシレン酸含有量が約20% v/v、およびダイオウ(Rheum Officinale)抽出物の含有量が約0.25% w/vである、請求項10の方法。
- (i)請求項1の治療配合物(compound);および(ii)前記配合物(compound)を使用するための説明書を含有する、キット。
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