JP2016221458A - Fertilization volume reduction system of agricultural-forestry resources - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fertilization volume reduction system of agricultural-forestry resources for surely separating a radioactive substance, by efficiently reducing the volume in the agricultural-forestry resources such as a deforestation tree, a branch, a leaf, a rice straw and rice hulls.SOLUTION: A fertilization volume reduction system 10 of agricultural-forestry resources of the present invention, comprises a subcritical water treatment device 20 for decomposing the agricultural-forestry resources such as a deforested tree and a branch by subcritical water treatment, a superfine bubble cleaning device 70 for separating into supernatant water of including a particulate and a deposit of becoming a fertilizer by cleaning solid matter separated from its processed product by superfine bubble including water, a pressurization floating device 80 for separating as a floating object by capturing the particulate by a coagulant by mixing pressurization water of including a superfine bubble in the supernatant water and a biological treatment device 42 for separating into a sludge oily liquid by processing a fluid object discharged from the subcritical water treatment device 20, and is constituted so that sludge is treated by returning to the subcritical water treatment device 20.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a fertilizer and volume reduction system for agricultural and forest resources such as felled trees, pruned branches and leaves, rice straw, and rice husks.

  The present inventors have proposed a method for producing organic matter residue, organic sludge dewatering residue, liquid manure from household waste, and a method for removing harmful metals as disclosed in Patent Document 1.

  According to the description of Patent Document 1, the liquid fertilizer production method and the harmful metal removal method can obtain a liquid containing slurry particles in the subcritical water treatment of organic residue and organic sludge. Heavy metals remain, and for the filtration of the heavy metals, fine bubbles having an agglomeration reaction tank are generated for the slurry-like product which is actively liquefied mostly by the subcritical water treatment device. A method of removing particles in a slurry-like organic substance with a pressure levitation device is proposed.

  The pressurized water containing fine bubbles used in the pressurized flotation device of the above-mentioned Patent Document 1 is not necessarily sufficiently separated because the fine bubbles are not sufficiently small.

  On the other hand, when the radioactive material diffused by the nuclear reactor falls to the forest, it is difficult to wash the radioactive material attached to the trees and branches and leaves. Forests contaminated with radioactive material can be removed only by thorough pruning, cutting and off-site transportation over a large area, resulting in an uncontrollable cycle of being absorbed by trees through the roots through the roots. In addition, if the speed of reforestation was not faster than usual, it was impossible to cut for a short time in a vast area that greatly exceeded the steady logging plan.

  However, the forest resources are enormous, and the conventional methods including the method of Patent Document 1 have insufficient processing capacity, and many forests are left unattended. Similarly, the amount of resources such as rice straw and rice husk is enormous, and a volume reduction system that can be efficiently advanced in the vicinity of the site is not found and is left untreated or left untreated.

  Therefore, it was actually difficult to collect and collect the radioactive substances adhering to these agricultural and forestry resources in a small amount of residue after volume reduction.

JP 2012-81457 A

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and after the agricultural and forest resources such as felled trees, branches and leaves, rice straw and the like are thermally efficiently treated with subcritical water, the microorganism treatment site is 1% of the initial ratio. It is another object of the present invention to provide a fertilizer and volume reduction system for agricultural and forest resources that can efficiently recover heavy metals and the like from 1% residue.

  The present invention includes a subcritical water treatment apparatus that injects high-temperature and high-pressure steam into a pressure vessel and decomposes agricultural and forestry resources introduced from the inlet into a subcritical state, and a subcritical water treatment apparatus. A solids separator that has been treated with critical water and separates the solids from the discharged processing object, and the sludge after the solids are separated by the solids separator is treated to remove the treatment liquid and excess sludge. A biological treatment device to be discharged, an excess sludge dewatering device that dehydrates the excess sludge and sends the dehydrated sludge to the inlet of the subcritical water treatment device, and pressurized water containing ultrafine bubbles having a diameter of 100 nm or less in water are produced. A pressurized water production apparatus, a washing pond that stores pressurized water produced by the pressurized water production apparatus, and a stirring device that is provided in the washing pond and that stirs the pressurized water. Enter In this state, the water containing ultrafine bubbles is agitated to wash away the fine particles adhering to the solid matter, adsorb the fine particles on the interface of the ultrafine bubbles, float as a floating separation, and form ultrafine bubbles. An ultrafine bubble cleaning device for precipitating fine particles that have not been adsorbed as a precipitate separation, and discharging the suspended supernatant containing the floating separation, and an inlet of the supernatant mixed with the pressurized water at one end A pressurized flotation tank prepared in the above, mixed with the pressurized water containing the ultrafine bubbles in the supernatant, and injected into the pressurized flotation tank from the inlet, in the pressurized flotation tank, Pressurized flotation that floats by adsorbing the interface of ultrafine bubbles to suspended matter and dissolved components in the supernatant, and removes the remaining liquid as treated water from the supernatant. And pressurization flotation The above-mentioned problem is solved by a fertilizer and volume reduction system for agricultural and forest resources characterized in that the treated water in the apparatus is supplied to the pressurized water production apparatus as raw water containing ultrafine bubbles. .

  Here, it is possible to provide a levitated product dewatering device that dehydrates the levitated product taken out in the pressure levitation device and separates it into a dehydrated levitated product and a dehydrated filtrate.

  Moreover, before mixing the said pressurized water with the said supernatant liquid, the aggregation reaction apparatus which mixes at least one among a flocculant, a neutralizing agent, and a chemical reaction agent can be provided in a supernatant liquid.

  Further, the dehydrated filtrate generated in the floated material dewatering apparatus, the treatment liquid in the biological treatment apparatus, and the dehydrated filtrate generated in the surplus sludge dewatering apparatus are used as raw water in the coagulation reaction apparatus together with the supernatant liquid. It can have a circulating water circulation system.

  In addition, the radiation dose of the levitated separation in the pressurized flotation device is measured, and when the measured radiation dose is less than a predetermined value, the levitated separation is sent to the inlet of the subcritical water treatment device, When the value is greater than or equal to the value, it is possible to provide a determination device that can be carried out to the outside.

  Moreover, the heat exchange apparatus which replaces | exchanges the heat generated in the said biological treatment apparatus with the cold heat | fever of the raw | natural water of the steam for supplying to the said subcritical water treatment apparatus can be provided.

  In addition, a chipper for crushing agricultural and forestry resources such as felled trees, branches and leaves is provided in the front stage of the inlet of the subcritical water treatment apparatus, and the agricultural and forestry resources crushed by the chipper are supplied from the inlet. be able to.

  In addition, since it has been confirmed that radioactive substances are adsorbed in the soil particles and remain on the surface layer, after investigating the soil environment, the cleaning pond of the ultrafine bubble cleaning device is placed near the source of the agricultural and forest resources. Can be formed on the earth. In this case, it is possible to select an unearthed digging pond with a water shielding sheet, a steel plate pond, a reinforced concrete wash pond, and the like.

  In addition, it is equipped with a heavy machine that scrapes the precipitate separated in the washing pond, can be gravity dehydrated by standing there, and is equipped with a drainage site where the desorbed water flows down naturally into the washing pond. it can. The dehydrated residue is less contaminated and can be restored and reused.

  According to the fertilizer and volume reduction system for agricultural and forestry resources according to the present invention, the volume of agricultural and forestry resources such as branches and leaves or rice straw collected by felling trees and pruning is reduced to 30% by subcritical water treatment, and in the residue Radioactive materials can be collected, and the residue of subcritical water treatment is biooxidatively decomposed (8 times higher than conventional) with high efficiency due to the low molecular weight organic matter at the microbial treatment site. Microbial treatment can be performed at high speed, and the excess sludge dehydrated filtrate at this microbial treatment site and the supernatant after washing the solid matter in the subcritical water treatment device with water containing ultrafine bubbles are further floated under pressure. By processing with the apparatus, the volume can be reduced to 0.5% of the residue in the initial ratio, and almost all radioactive substances can be taken into the residue of 0.5%. Have an effect

  Moreover, by providing the cleaning pond of the ultrafine bubble cleaning apparatus in or near the forest, the transport distance of agricultural and forest resources can be minimized, and the processing cost and time can be greatly reduced.

The block diagram which shows typically the fertilizer volume reduction system of the agriculture and forestry resources based on the Example of this invention The front view which shows the subcritical water treatment apparatus in the Example Side view Plan view Block diagram showing the control system of the subcritical water treatment system The block diagram which shows typically the coagulation reaction apparatus, the pressure levitation apparatus, and the pressurized water manufacturing apparatus in the Example The front view made into the partial cross section which shows the pressurization floating apparatus in the Example Block diagram schematically showing an agglomeration reaction device in the pressurized flotation device The front view which shows the pressurized water manufacturing apparatus in the Example The front view made into the partial cross section which shows the bubble containing water separation apparatus which comprises a part of pressurized water manufacturing apparatus concerning the Example The flowchart which shows the fertilizer volume reduction process by the fertilizer volume reduction system of the agriculture and forestry resources based on the Example

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  As shown in FIG. 1, an agricultural / forestry resource fertilizer volume reduction system (hereinafter referred to as volume reduction system) 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a subcritical water treatment device 20, a solid matter separation device 40, and a biological treatment device 42. And an excess sludge dewatering device 45, a pressurized water mixing device 13, a pressurized water production device 50, an ultrafine bubble cleaning device (hereinafter referred to as a cleaning device) 70, a pressurized levitation device 80, and a water circulation system 100.

  Reference numeral 9 in FIG. 1 is a chipper for crushing felled trees, branches, leaves and the like, 21 is steam raw water for steam supplied to the subcritical water treatment apparatus 20, and 101 is a floated material dewatering apparatus 95 (details will be described later). The discriminating devices for measuring the radioactivity of the floating floss dehydrated and solidified by the above and determining whether to put it into a container and carry it out or to put it into the subcritical water treatment device 20 are shown.

  The outline of each device constituting the volume reduction system 10 is as follows.

  The subcritical water treatment device 20 injects high-temperature and high-pressure steam into the pressure vessel 22 and decomposes the treatment target charged through the inlet 22A as a subcritical state.

  The solid matter separation device 40 separates solid matter made of metal or foreign matter and sludge (fluid) containing powder from the treatment target discharged after the subcritical water treatment in the subcritical water treatment device 20. The biological treatment device 42 is configured to treat the sludge containing powder after the solid matter is separated in the solid matter separation device 40, and the high-concentration activated sludge treatment device 42A in the previous stage. And a high-concentration membrane treatment activated sludge treatment device 42B in the latter stage.

  The excess sludge dewatering device 45 dehydrates the excess sludge from the biological treatment device 42 and separates it into dehydrated sludge and dehydrated filtrate.

  The agglomeration reaction device 12 is provided in the front stage of the pressure levitation device 80, and the aggregating agent is mixed with the suspension water containing inorganic fine particles (details will be described later).

  The pressurized water mixing device 13 is configured to mix pressurized water produced by the pressurized water producing device 50 and containing ultrafine bubbles having a diameter of 100 nm or less into the suspension water to which the flocculant is added in the flocculation reaction device 12.

  The pressurized water manufacturing apparatus 50 is configured to mix ultrafine bubbles with the treated water in the pressurized levitation apparatus 80 and supply the pressurized water to the pressurized water mixing apparatus 13 as pressurized water.

  The cleaning device 70 is for cleaning the solid separated in the solid separation device 40 with water containing ultrafine bubbles.

  The pressurized levitation device 80 includes a pressurized levitation tank 82 provided at one end (the left end in FIGS. 6 and 7) with an inlet 81A of contaminated water mixed with the pressurized water, and the suspended water mixed with the pressurized water, It is injected from the inlet 81A into the pressurized levitation tank 82, and the suspended substance in the suspended water or the dissolved component in the pressurized levitation tank 82 is adsorbed on the interface of the ultrafine bubbles and floated. It is entangled with the flocculant, and ultrafine bubbles are attached to the flocculant entangled with suspended matter and dissolved components, and it is floated or floated as a floating separated substance from the suspended water, and the remaining liquid is discharged as treated water. Have been to.

  Next, each device will be described in detail.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the subcritical water treatment apparatus 20 injects high-temperature and high-pressure steam into the pressure vessel 22, and cuts felled trees, branches, and leaves in the pressure vessel 22. It will be decomposed as. The felled tree, branches and leaves are crushed by the chipper 9 in advance.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 to 3 and 5, the subcritical water treatment device 20 includes a pressure vessel 22, a steam supply device 24, a stirring device 26, a steam control device 28, and a rotary shaft control device 30. It is configured with.

  The pressure vessel 22 is provided with an inlet 22A for introducing the treatment object, an outlet 22B for discharging the treatment object after the subcritical water treatment, and high-temperature and high-pressure steam is injected into the pressure vessel 22. 22C (two places) for injecting water vapor.

  The insertion port 22A is formed to protrude in a cylindrical shape at the upper part of the pressure vessel 22, and is opened and closed by a clutch door 22D at the upper end.

  Reference numeral 23 in FIGS. 1 and 2 is a steam pipe, which is formed in a cylindrical shape standing upward from the upper end of the pressure vessel 22 and discharges dust and excess steam to the outside. ing. There is also a steam outlet 22E at the upper end of the cylindrical body.

  The outlet 22B is attached to the right end of the pressure vessel 22 so as to be inclined downward in FIG. 2, and is opened by a handle 22F so that the processing object after the subcritical water treatment can be discharged to the outside. . At this time, the rotating shaft 26A of the stirring device 26 is rotated so as to extrude the processing object inside in the direction of the outlet 22B.

  The steam supply device 24 supplies the high-temperature and high-pressure steam produced by the boiler 24A from the steam inlet 22C into the pressure vessel 22 via the pressure adjustment valve 24B and the steam on-off valve 28D (described later). Has been.

  The stirring device 26 includes a rotating shaft 26A disposed in the pressure vessel 22 so as to pass through substantially the center thereof horizontally, and a plurality of the rotating shafts 26A attached to the rotating shaft 26A so as to extend in the radial direction at a plurality of longitudinal positions. And a stirring blade 26B. The rotating shaft 26A is driven from a motor 27A provided on the lower left side in FIG. 2 via a speed reducer 27B, and a processing object in the pressure vessel 22 is stirred.

  Here, during normal operation, the rotating shaft 26A is rotated in a clockwise direction or a counterclockwise direction at regular intervals, and the stirring blade 26B removes the processing object from the outlet 22B side toward the motor 27A, or It is sent in the opposite direction.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the water vapor control device 28 includes temperature sensors 28 </ b> A and 28 </ b> B attached to two places outside the pressure vessel 22, and similarly, pressure sensors 29 </ b> A attached to the upper outside of the pressure vessel 22. 29B, a steam opening / closing valve 28D for adjusting the amount of steam supplied to the steam inlet 22C, a steam discharge valve 28F for discharging steam in the pressure vessel 22, and a control device main body 28C. ing.

  The temperature sensors 28A and 28B are adapted to detect the temperature inside the pressure vessel 22, and the pressure sensors 29A and 29B are adapted to detect the pressure inside the pressure vessel 22.

  Detection output signals from the temperature sensors 28A and 28B and the pressure sensors 29A and 29B are output to the control device main body 28C.

  The control device main body 28C comprises a CPU, and drives the steam on-off valve 28D via the on-off valve driving device 28E based on the detected temperature signal and the detected pressure signal from the temperature sensors 28A, 28B and the pressure sensors 29A, 29B. The amount of steam supplied into the pressure vessel 22 can be adjusted.

The rotation shaft control device 30 is attached to the rotation shaft 26A, and rotates the motor 27A based on sensor output signals from a rotation speed sensor 32A that detects the rotation speed and a rotation torque sensor 32B that detects the rotation torque. The speed is being controlled.

  Specifically, the rotation shaft control device 30 has a constant product of the rotation speed of the rotation shaft 26A based on the output signal from the rotation speed sensor 32A and the rotation torque of the rotation shaft 26A based on the output signal from the rotation torque sensor 32B. It is configured to control the rotation speed of the motor 27A so as to be a value.

  In the subcritical water treatment apparatus 20, the object to be treated is brought into a subcritical state by high-temperature and high-pressure steam, so that biodegradation by soil microorganisms is difficult, so-called hardly degradable substances, organic substances containing heavy metals, organophosphorus compounds, dioxins, etc. Organic substances such as chlorine-containing poisons, organic solvent organic substances, etc. are easily decomposed, heavy metals are condensed and solidified in a granular form, and taken out as a slurry together with other decomposition products from the outlet 22B. In 40, it is separated and carried out.

  The remaining fluid is biologically processed in the biological treatment device 42 and is greatly reduced in volume (about 70% reduction). The code | symbol 43 of FIG. 1 shows a heat exchange apparatus. The heat exchanging device 43 exchanges the cold heat of the raw steam water 21 that becomes the water vapor of the subcritical water treatment device 20 and the reaction heat of the biological treatment device 42.

  A water ejector device 36 is provided between the exhaust pipe 34 of the subcritical water treatment apparatus 20 and the high-concentration activated sludge treatment apparatus 42A so that the exhaust gas from the exhaust pipe 34 is passed through the wash water to remove dust. Has been.

  The water ejector device 36 includes a water ejector 36A that exposes exhaust gas from the exhaust pipe 34 to cleaning water, a circulating water tank 36B into which exhaust gas and cleaning water from the water ejector 36A flow, and an upper end of the circulating water tank 36B. A water ejector exhaust pipe 36C that exhausts exhaust gas after being exposed to the cleaning water, and a dust removing device 36D that removes dust from the water ejector exhaust pipe 36C are provided. Further, the wash water in the circulating water tank 36B is pumped up by the circulation pump 36E and supplied to the water ejector 36A as the wash water.

  The dust separated by the dust removing device 36D is introduced into the inlet 22A of the subcritical water treatment device 20 together with the filter, and the separated gas is released through the heating device 36F with improved thermal diffusivity. It has become. The exhaust gas from the exhaust pipe 34 may be sent to the dust removing device 36D without using the water ejector device 36.

  The excess sludge dewatering device 45 is configured to dehydrate excess sludge from the high-concentration membrane treatment activated sludge treatment device 42B and send the dewatered sludge to the inlet 22A of the subcritical water treatment device 20.

  As shown in FIGS. 6 and 9, the pressurized water manufacturing apparatus 50 includes an ejector 51 that forms ultrafine bubbles. An inflow pipe 53 is connected to the inflow side of the ejector 51 by screwing. Further, the discharge pipe 54 is connected to the discharge side by screwing similarly to the inflow pipe 53. Further, the gas introduction pipe 55 is connected by screwing. A gas introduction amount control valve 56 is provided in the middle of the gas introduction pipe 55.

  The pressurized water supply system 60 is connected to the inflow pipe 53 and the discharge pipe 54, the pressurized pump 62 capable of supplying pressurized water containing fine bubbles to the inflow pipe 53, and the suction side of the pressurized pump 62, and gas is mixed. A raw water supply pipe 64 </ b> A that supplies water to be supplied and a pressure feed pipe 64 </ b> B that is connected to the discharge side of the pressure pump 62 and feeds the pressurized water are provided.

  An inflow pipe 53 is connected in the middle of the pressure feed pipe 64B, a discharge pipe 54 is connected to the raw water supply pipe 64A, and the ultrafine bubble-containing water formed by the ejector 51 is discharged from the discharge pipe 54, the raw water supply pipe 64A, It is configured to recirculate through the pressurizing pump 62, the pressure feeding pipe 64B, and the inflow pipe 53. Reference numeral 62 </ b> A in FIG. 9 denotes a motor for driving the pressurizing pump 62.

  A pressure feed pipe 64B of the pressurized water supply system 60 is connected to a bubble-containing water separation device 66 shown in FIG. 10, and supplies ultrafine bubble-containing water in a pressurized state.

  The bubble-containing water separation device 66 is composed of a storage-type pressurized water tank having a circular cross section. The bubble-containing water separation device 66 is provided on the upper side surface of the tank, and includes a pressurized water inflow port 66A into which ultrafine bubble-containing water pumped through the pressure feed pipe 64B flows. A pressurized water discharge port 66B provided on the side surface, a central water discharge port 66C provided on the upper end of the tank, and an inside of the pressurized water inflow port 66A. The downwardly swirling flow of the inflowing pressurized water along the circumferential surface in the tank And a swirl flow forming pipe 66D.

  The swirl flow forming pipe 66D causes the pressurized ultrafine bubble-containing water flowing in the radial direction in the circular tank section from the pressurized water inflow port 66A to rotate counterclockwise along the inner peripheral surface of the circular section tank. And it is comprised so that a pressurized liquid may be guide | induced so that it may become a slightly diagonally downward spiral flow.

  The liquid flowing in from the pressurized water inflow port 66A is discharged out of the tank from the pressurized water discharge port 66B and the central water discharge port 66C provided on the lower side surface of the tank, and each discharge amount is in the vicinity of the central water discharge port 66C. It is controlled by the provided discharge amount control valve 66E.

  The pressurized water filled in the tank is swirled by the swirl flow forming pipe 66D, but the center water discharge port 66C is provided at the center position of the upper end surface of the tank. A portion of the water is discharged from the central water discharge port 66C, and the water in the outer portion of the swirl flow is discharged from the pressurized liquid discharge port 66B.

  Because the water in the tank is swirling, the part with relatively high specific gravity including ultrafine bubbles is outside the swirl, and the water with bubbles larger than this is relatively low in specific gravity and collects in the central part of the swirling flow. The portion of the liquid flowing into the tank containing relatively large bubbles is discharged from the central water discharge port 66C, and the remaining water is discharged from the pressurized water discharge port 66B in a state containing more ultrafine bubbles. Become.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the cleaning device 70 includes a cleaning pond 71, an underwater agitation device 72 disposed in the cleaning pond, a pump 74 for discharging supernatant from the cleaning pond 71, and the cleaning pond 71. A heavy machine 75A for taking out the sedimented sediment is provided.

  In the washing apparatus 70, the pressurized water produced in the pressurized water production apparatus 50 is supplied to the washing pond 71, and the suspended water and silt generated in the washing pond 71 are supplied to the agglomeration reaction apparatus 12 by the pump 74. . In addition, a shortage of cleaning water is supplied from the pressurized water manufacturing apparatus 50 to the cleaning pond 71.

  The precipitate after washing in the washing pond 71 is scraped out by, for example, a heavy equipment 75A that serves as a stirrer composed of a backhoe and placed in a drainage station 73. It has become so.

  In addition, when the cleaning pond 71 of the cleaning device 70 is formed by digging the ground or raising the bank, the soil becomes a part of the sediment, but there is no problem even if the soil is mixed with the fertilizer. In addition, fine particles in the soil may be mixed in the supernatant water, but since they are captured by the pressure levitation device 80, there is no problem. The washing pond 71 may be a water tank formed from, for example, an iron plate.

  Next, the pressure levitation device 80 will be described with reference to FIGS.

  The pressurized levitation device 80 includes a circulation device 83 that circulates mixed water of raw water (for example, radioactive substance or chemical substance contaminated water) and ultrafine bubbles in the pressurized levitation tank 82, and a pressurized levitation tank 82. And a separator taking-out device 94 for taking out the floating scum floated on the liquid surface by the water containing ultrafine bubbles.

  The circulation device 83 includes a swirl discharge pipe 83A and a swirl flow forming guide 83B. The swivel discharge pipe 83A is provided to project from an end portion (left end portion in the figure) in the pressurized levitation tank 82, and as shown in an enlarged view in FIG. 7, the tip is bent obliquely upward, and the tip opening is The inflow port 81A has a curved pipe shape that ejects a mixed liquid of raw water and ultrafine bubble-containing water obliquely upward, and is further ejected as a swirling flow into the pressurized levitation tank 82 by a fixed fin or the like. It is configured.

  The swirling flow forming guide 83B is a cylindrical body that surrounds the swirling discharge pipe 83A and guides the swirling flow discharged from here in an obliquely upward direction. It arrange | positions so that the swirling flow jetted may be guided diagonally forward.

  Further, the pressurized levitation device 80 is configured to discharge the remaining liquid, which has taken out the floating scum that has floated on the liquid surface in the pressurized levitation tank 82, as treated water from the discharge port 81B. The discharge port 81B is connected to the pressurization pump 62 via the raw water supply pipe 64A in the pressurization water production apparatus 50.

  Ultrafine bubbles are added to the treated water from the pressurized levitation device 80 by the pressurized water production device 50, and water containing large bubbles and water containing ultrafine bubbles are added by the bubble-containing water separation device 66. The ultrafine bubble-containing water is pressurized and passed through the pressurized water pipe 69 and added to the raw water added with the flocculant discharged from the flocculation reaction device 12 in the pressurized water mixing device 13, and is supplied from the inlet 81A. It flows into the pressurized levitation tank 82 as a swirling flow (details will be described later).

  In addition, a gap 83C is formed between the swirling flow forming guide 83B and the bottom surface of the pressurized levitation tank 82, and a flow as indicated by symbol F is generated. The water in the pressure levitation tank 82 can flow in. When the pressurized flotation device 80 is operated for a predetermined time or more, a precipitate separation is deposited on the bottom surface of the pressure flotation tank 82. This precipitate separation is also sucked into the swirl flow forming guide 83B from the gap 83C and swirled. It circulates in the pressurized levitation tank 82 together with the swirling flow from the discharge pipe 83A.

  As shown in FIG. 7, at the end of the pressurized floating tank 82 opposite to the circulation device 83, a plurality (four in this case) of suction pipes 87 for collecting water in the pressurized floating tank 82, and this One horizontal collecting pipe 88 connected to the discharge side of the suction pipe 87 and the water collected perpendicularly to the collecting pipe 88 and collected through the collecting pipe 88 outside the side wall of the pressurized levitation tank 82. Ascending pipe 89, a sub tank 90 surrounding the upper end of the rising pipe 89 and formed on the outer surface of the pressurized levitation tank 82, and a suction port 90A at the upper end provided in the sub tank 90. Is provided with a discharge adjusting device 92 including a level adjusting pipe 91 whose lower end is freely movable within a certain range and whose lower end is a discharge port 90B.

  The separated product take-out device 94 includes an endless chain 94A and a plurality of skimmers 94B attached to the endless chain 94A at regular intervals, and the levitated scum in which the skimmer 94B floats on the liquid surface in the pressurized levitation tank 82 is shown in FIG. In FIG. 2, the gas is swept from the left side to the right side and collected to the outside position of the pressurized floating tank 82.

  Further, the separated product taking-out device 94 is provided with a feed screw 94C for sending the floating scum collected by the skimmer 94B to the side and discharging it.

  Next, the agglomeration reaction apparatus 12 will be described with reference to FIG.

  The agglomeration reaction apparatus 12 includes a radioactive substance adsorbent automatic dissolution apparatus 12A, an organic flocculant automatic dissolution apparatus 12B, and a flocculant reaction tank 12D to which the flocculant dissolved by the inorganic flocculant automatic dissolution apparatus 12C is supplied. And has a flocculant dissolved therein and mixed with raw water. The code | symbol 12E of FIG. 6 shows the stirring apparatus for mixing a flocculant and raw | natural water well.

  The agglomeration reaction apparatus 12 further includes a ph adjusting agent automatic dissolution apparatus 12F and a chemical reaction chemical automatic dissolution apparatus 12G. The ph modifier is for depositing heavy metals, and the chemical reaction chemical is for colloidal deposition of organic substances.

  As the flocculant, sulfate band, polyaluminum chloride, ferrous sulfate, ferric sulfate, ferric chloride, polyiron, calcium chloride, mineral inorganic flocculant as an inorganic flocculant, anionic as a polymer flocculant Polymer flocculants, cationic polymer flocculants, nonionic polymer flocculants, caustic soda, sodium carbonate, lime, sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid as ph regulators, and pollutants as chemical reactants However, precipitation accelerators for increasing hydrophobicity such as powdered activated carbon, powdered zeolite, diatomaceous earth, activated clay, sodium sulfide for sulfidation, sulfite and calcium salts are used. Shielding agents and surfactants for easy handling are also used as chemical reactants.

  Note that water containing large bubbles from the bubble-containing water separation device 66 shown in FIG. 6 is sent to the outlet side of the flocculant reaction tank 12D through the pipe 100A, where the raw water mixed with the flocculant is mixed. It is supposed to be mixed.

  In the pressurized flotation device 80 according to this embodiment, after the ultrafine bubble-containing water is injected into the raw water (for example, radioactive contamination water) in which the flocculant is dissolved and added, the spiral flow becomes a swirl flow. The formation guide 83B forms an upward spiral flow from the left end to the right side in FIGS.

  On the other hand, a gap 83C is formed between the lower end of the swirl flow forming guide 83B and the bottom of the pressurized levitation tank 82, from which the liquid in the pressurized levitation tank 82 is entrained by the swirl flow, A large circulating flow is formed in the pressurized levitation tank 82.

  In this circulating flow, the flocculant can take in trace amounts of particles such as cesium that happen to come into contact, but in the absence of ultrafine bubbles, it can hardly take up.

  In other words, the ultrafine bubbles vibrate vigorously, and in the process of adhering to the cesium ions and floating them, the chance of contacting the adhering cesium ions and the like to the flocculant can be greatly increased. In this case, the levitated separation levitated by the ultrafine bubbles is taken up by the 100% flocculant and levitated on the liquid surface as levitating scum.

  The levitation scum is collected at the right end in FIG. 7 by a skimmer 94B driven by an endless chain 94A in the separator take-out device 94, and further collected laterally by a feed screw 94C and discharged to the outside.

  The discharged floating scum is dewatered and solidified by the floating material dewatering device 95 and stored in a container. The liquid generated by dehydration is returned to the pressurized levitation tank 82 by the water circulation system 100.

  The water circulation system 100 uses the first circulating pipe 101A for the dehydrated filtrate generated in the levitated product dewatering device 95, and the surplus sludge dewatering device 45 for the treatment liquid in the high-concentration membrane treatment activated sludge treatment device 42B via the second circulation pipe 101B. The dehydrated filtrate generated in step 1 is collected by the third circulation pipe 101C and circulated as contaminated water in the agglomeration reactor 12.

  Next, with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 11, the process of reducing fertilization of agricultural and forestry resources by the volume reduction system 10 according to the present embodiment will be described.

  In step 101, felled trees, branches and leaves generated by pruning are collected. In step 102, the felled trees, branches and leaves are crushed by the chipper 9, and the crushed felled trees, branches and leaves are subtracted in step 103. It is charged from the charging port 22A of the critical water treatment device 20.

  In step 104, sub-critical water treatment is performed on the crushed felled tree or the like with high-temperature and high-pressure steam in the sub-critical water treatment apparatus 20, and the processed material after the sub-critical water treatment is finished in step 105. The product 20 is discharged from the outlet 22B.

  In step 106, the discharged product is subjected to solid-liquid separation by the solids separation device 40, and the fluid after the solids are removed is the high concentration activity in the biological treatment device 42 in the next step 107. Microbial treatment with the activated sludge is performed, and the generated surplus sludge is dehydrated by the surplus sludge dewatering device 45 in step 108, and then returns to step 103 and put into the subcritical water treatment device 20.

  The solid matter separated by the solid matter separation device 40 is charged into the washing pond 71 of the washing device 70 in step 109.

  The washing pond 71 is supplied with ultrafine bubble-containing water produced by the pressurized water production apparatus 50, and in the next step 110, the submerged solids charged by operating the underwater agitator 72 in the washing pond 71. Is washed with water containing ultrafine bubbles.

  By stirring in the washing pond 71, the fine particles in the solid matter are floated by the ultrafine bubbles, and the remainder (mostly organic matter and soil) are precipitated (see step 111). It is scraped out by 75A and deposited on the drainage site 73 (see step 112).

  The sediment after draining is carried out by the dump truck 75B in step 113, sprayed as a fertilizer on the forest after cutting, and helps the rapid regeneration of the forest by the action of the organic matter treated with subcritical water.

  In step 114, the supernatant water containing the fine particles in the washing pond 71 is sent by the pump 74 to the agglomeration reaction device 12 provided in the front stage of the pressurized flotation device 80.

  In step 115, the flocculant is added to the supernatant water in the flocculation reaction device 12, and in step 116, the coagulant is mixed with the pressurized water in the pressurized water mixing device 13 and sent to the pressurized levitation device 80.

  In step 117, the supernatant water mixed with the pressurized water is stirred in the pressurized levitation tank 82, and the fine particles trapped by the flocculant are levitated by the ultrafine bubbles, which rise as floating floss on the liquid surface.

  In step 118, the floating floss is taken out by the separator take-out device 94. In step 119, the extracted floating floss is solidified after dehydration by the levitated material dewatering device 95 and sent to the determination device 101.

  In the next step 120, for example, the radiation amount of the floating floss solidified after dehydration is measured by the discriminating apparatus 101. If the radiation amount is equal to or greater than a certain value, it cannot be sent to the subcritical water treatment device 20. Then, the process proceeds to step 121 and is carried out in a container. If the radiation dose is below a certain value, subcritical water treatment is possible, and the process returns to step 103.

  The water in the pressurized levitation device 80 after the levitation froth has been removed is sent as treated water to the pressurized water production device 50 in step 122 and used as raw water for ultrafine bubble-containing water. Excess treated water is sprayed or discharged as fertilizer in step 123.

  In the above process, the subcritical water treatment in the subcritical water treatment device 20 reduces the volume of felled trees, branches, leaves, etc. by about 70%, that is, 30%. Discharged.

  Further, the solid matter separated in the solid matter separation device 40 is washed by the washing device 70, and fine particles such as heavy metals are separated by the ultrafine bubbles, and the supernatant water containing the fine particles is sent to the pressurized flotation device 80. The remaining sediment is 29% of the original input volume of felled trees etc., and this can be used as fertilizer.

  The remaining 1% is fine particles such as heavy metals and fine particles to which they are attached. By being processed through the agglomeration reaction device 12 and the pressure levitation device 80, the final amount is 0.5% of the initial residue. .

  Further, in the biological treatment apparatus 42, heat is generated during the treatment process due to the action of the high-concentration activated sludge. When this temperature exceeds 55 degrees, the treatment capacity is greatly reduced. Since the exchange device 43 exchanges heat with the raw steam water 21 of the subcritical water treatment device 20, the treatment capacity of the biological treatment device 42 does not decrease. Moreover, since the raw steam water 21 can be preheated to nearly 50 degrees, the thermal efficiency in the subcritical water treatment apparatus 20 can be significantly increased.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be used in industries where a large amount of agricultural and forestry resources such as felled trees, branches, leaves, rice straw, and rice husks are fertilized in large quantities and the residue is greatly reduced.

10 ... Agricultural and forestry resources fertilizer volume reduction system (volume reduction system)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 12 ... Aggregation reaction apparatus 13 ... Pressurized water mixing apparatus 20 ... Subcritical water treatment apparatus 40 ... Solid substance separation apparatus 42 ... Biological treatment apparatus 45 ... Excess sludge dehydration apparatus 50 ... Pressurized water production apparatus 70 ... Ultrafine bubble cleaning apparatus (cleaning apparatus)
80 ... Pressure levitating device 95 ... Floating matter dewatering device 100 ... Water circulation system

Claims (9)

A subcritical water treatment device that injects high-temperature, high-pressure steam into the pressure vessel and decomposes the agricultural and forestry resources introduced from the inlet into a subcritical state,
In the subcritical water treatment device, a solid matter separation device that has been treated with subcritical water and separates the solid matter from the discharged treatment target;
A biological treatment device for treating the sludge after the solid matter is separated by the solid matter separation device, and discharging the treatment liquid and excess sludge;
Surplus sludge dewatering device for dewatering the excess sludge and sending the dewatered sludge to the inlet of the subcritical water treatment device;
A pressurized water production apparatus for producing pressurized water containing ultrafine bubbles having a diameter of 100 nm or less in water;
A washing pond for storing pressurized water produced by the pressurized water production apparatus, comprising a stirring device that is provided in the washing pond and agitates the pressurized water, and in a state where the solid matter is put in ultrafine bubble-containing water, The water containing ultrafine bubbles was agitated to wash away the fine particles adhering to the solid matter, and the fine particles were adsorbed on the interface of the ultrafine bubbles to float as a floating separation, and were not adsorbed to the ultrafine bubbles. An ultrafine bubble cleaning device for precipitating fine particles as a precipitate isolate and discharging the suspended supernatant containing the floated isolate,
A pressurized flotation tank provided with an inlet of the supernatant liquid mixed with the pressurized water at one end, mixed with the pressurized water containing the ultrafine bubbles in the supernatant liquid, and Injected from the inflow port, in the pressurized flotation tank, floated by adsorbing the interface of ultrafine bubbles to the suspended matter and dissolved components in the supernatant, and as a floated separated from the supernatant A pressure levitation device that removes and discharges the remaining liquid as treated water;
Having
A volume reduction system for fertilizing agricultural and forestry resources, wherein the treated water in the pressurized levitation device is supplied to the pressurized water production device as raw water containing ultrafine bubbles. In claim 1,
A system for reducing fertilization of agricultural and forestry resources, comprising a levitated product dewatering device for dewatering a levitated product taken out by the pressurized levitation device to separate the dehydrated levitated product and a dehydrated filtrate. In claim 1 or 2,
A fertilizer for agricultural and forestry resources, comprising a coagulation reaction device for mixing at least one of a coagulant, a neutralizing agent, and a chemical reactant with the supernatant before mixing the pressurized water with the supernatant. Volume reduction system. In claim 3,
A water circulation system that circulates the dehydrated filtrate generated in the floating material dewatering apparatus, the treatment liquid in the biological treatment apparatus, and the dehydrated filtrate generated in the surplus sludge dewatering apparatus together with the supernatant to the coagulation reaction apparatus. A fertilizer and volume reduction system for agricultural and forestry resources. In any one of Claims 1 thru | or 4,
Measure the radiation dose of the levitated separation in the pressurized flotation device, and when the measured radiation dose is less than a predetermined value, send the levitated separation to the inlet of the subcritical water treatment device, the predetermined value or more In this case, the volume reduction system for fertilizer of agricultural and forestry resources is provided, which is provided with a discriminating device that can be carried out to the outside. In any one of Claims 1 thru | or 5,
A system for reducing fertilization of agricultural and forestry resources, comprising a heat exchange device for exchanging the heat generated in the biological treatment device with the cold heat of raw steam for supplying water to the subcritical water treatment device. In any one of Claims 1 thru | or 6.
A chipper that crushes agricultural and forestry resources such as felled trees, branches, leaves, etc. is provided in the front stage of the inlet of the subcritical water treatment device, and the agricultural and forestry resources crushed by this chipper are introduced from the inlet. A characteristic volume reduction system for fertilizers of agricultural and forestry resources. In any one of Claims 1 thru | or 7,
The system for fertilizing and reducing fertilizer of agricultural and forest resources, wherein the cleaning pond of the ultrafine bubble cleaning device is formed on the ground near the generation source of the agricultural and forest resources. In any one of Claims 1 thru | or 8.
A volume reduction system for fertilizing agricultural and forestry resources, comprising a heavy machine that scrapes the precipitate separated in the washing pond and transports it to a drainage site.

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