JP2016215148A - Bit type crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a bit type crusher capable of adjusting a grain size of a crushing object, and capable of preventing even clogging, by adjusting a clearance between a crushing rotor and an opposed fixing plate.SOLUTION: An opposed fixing plate 27 is provided on the undersurface side of a crushing rotor 9 so that its surface is located in a proximal position to a crushing bit 29, and an interval between the surface of the opposed fixing plate 27 and the crushing rotor 9 can be adjusted by a hydraulic cylinder 36 so as to increase-decrease, and in a state of fixing the opposed fixing plate 27 in the proximal position, a raw material G is crushed between the crushing rotor 9 and the opposed fixing plate 27, and a crushing object can be discharged from a discharge clearance V between the crushing rotor 9 and the opposed fixing plate 27, and a plurality of rows of recessed grooves are formed in parallel along the rotation direction of the crushing rotor 9 on the surface of the opposed fixing plate 27, and the tip 29' of a plurality of crushing bits 29 can be passed through the opposed recessed groove inside by rotation of the crushing rotor 9.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a bit type crushing apparatus that crushes a raw material by a crushing rotor having a crushing bit fixed to the outer periphery of a rotating body and a counter fixed plate.

  Conventionally, this type of crushing device has a fixed blade close to a crushing rotor having a rotating blade, and a grate (screen) is provided at the discharge portion of the crushed material on the lower side of the crushing rotor. By supplying the raw material from the hopper, the raw material was crushed by the rotating blade of the crushing rotor and the fixed blade, and the crushed material smaller than the hole size of the great was discharged through the grate. (Patent Documents 1 and 2).

  The raw material that cannot pass through the great is again returned to the supply unit by the rotary blade of the crushing rotor, and is crushed by the crushing rotor and the fixed blade until it reaches a size that passes through the grate. there were.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-276729 JP 2002-219372 A

  By the way, in the crushing apparatus of Patent Documents 1 and 2, since the particle size of the crushed material is determined by the size of the hole of the Great, when changing the particle size of the crushed material, the crushing device has a large size corresponding to the particle size. There is a problem that it is necessary to replace them, and it is necessary to prepare a grate having a plurality of hole sizes, and the grate changing operation is inefficient.

  In the case of the above-mentioned Great, there is a case where the crushing performance of 100% cannot be exhibited due to the clogging of the Great due to the presence of the raw material in the Great hole due to the properties of the raw material.

  In addition, clogging of the grate clogged crushing material between the crushing rotor and the grate, causing overload of the electric motor.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional problems, and without using a grate, an opposing fixing plate is disposed in proximity to the crushing rotor, and a gap between the crushing rotor and the opposing fixing plate can be adjusted. Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a bit type crushing apparatus that makes it possible to adjust the particle size of the crushed material and that also prevents clogging by providing a plurality of concave grooves on the surface of the opposed fixed plate.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention
First, a raw material charging unit is provided on the support base, a pusher is provided on the rear side of the raw material charging unit, a crushing rotor is pivotally supported on the front side of the raw material charging unit, The crushing bit is fixed, and the raw material charged into the raw material charging unit is pressed against the crushing rotor side by the pusher, and the crushing rotor is rotated from the upper side to the lower side while facing the rear side. In the bit type crushing apparatus, the counter fixing plate is provided on the lower surface side of the crushing rotor so that the surface thereof is close to the crushing bit, and the surface of the counter fixing plate and the surface of the counter fixing plate are driven by driving means. The raw material is crushed between the crushing rotor and the opposed fixed plate in a state where the interval with the crushing rotor can be increased or decreased and the opposed fixed plate is fixed at the proximity position, And a plurality of rows of concave grooves along the rotation direction of the crushing rotor are formed in parallel on the surface of the opposed fixing plate. The plurality of crushing bits are constituted by a bit type crushing device configured such that the tips of the crushing bits can pass through the opposed concave grooves by rotation of the crushing rotor.

  The pusher can be composed of a hydraulic cylinder (20), a pressing plate (23), and the like. The drive means can be constituted by a hydraulic cylinder (36), an arm (32), a rotation support plate (26) and the like. If comprised in this way, while pressing a raw material with a pusher, a raw material can be crushed to a predetermined particle size between a crushing bit and a counter fixed plate by rotation of a crushing rotor, and a crushing rotor and a counter fixed plate are driven by a drive means. The particle size of the crushing can be adjusted by increasing or decreasing the interval. Furthermore, since the tip of the crushing bit passes through the concave groove facing the opposing fixing plate, clogging between the crushing rotor and the opposing fixing plate can be effectively prevented.

  Second, the counter fixed plate is fixed to a rotating support plate located below the crushing rotor, and the driving means rotates the rotating support plate with a support shaft at one end thereof. Thus, the space between the opposed fixed plate and the crushing rotor can be adjusted up and down, and the crushing space for the raw material is formed by the pressing surface of the pusher, the crushing rotor, the rotating support plate, and the opposed fixed plate. Is formed by the bit type crushing apparatus according to the first aspect described above.

  If comprised in this way, a raw material can be efficiently crushed with a crushing rotor by pressing a raw material to the crushing rotor side with the press face of a pusher, and finally crushing a raw material in the crushing space mentioned above Therefore, for example, a massive raw material can be efficiently crushed to the end.

  Third, the plurality of crushing bits are fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical crushing rotor with the tip in the rotation direction, and the outer peripheral surface of the crushing rotor is axially fixed. The plurality of crushing bits are arranged and fixed in a spiral shape to form one spiral bit string, a plurality of the spiral bit strings are provided on the outer peripheral surface, and each crushing bit in each spiral bit string is The bit-type crushing device according to the first or second aspect, wherein the bit-type crushing device is located opposite to the concave groove of the opposed fixing plate.

  If comprised in this way, since the some crushing bit of a crushing rotor will rotate and pass in the inside of the ditch | groove of an opposing fixed plate, the clogging which generate | occur | produces between the ditch | groove of an opposing fixed plate and the said crushing rotor will be carried out. It can be effectively prevented.

  Fourth, the driving means is configured so that the counter fixing plate can be rotated from the proximity position of the counter fixing plate to an open position where the surface of the counter fixing plate is largely separated from the crushing bit. It is comprised by the bit type crushing apparatus in any one of said 1st-3rd.

  If comprised in this way, even if a foreign material is pinched | interposed between a crushing rotor and an opposing fixing plate and it will be in an overload state, for example, a foreign material will be easily excluded by rotating an opposing fixing plate to an open position. be able to.

  Fifth, a guide chute that receives and guides the crushed material discharged from the discharge gap is provided, and the guide chute is provided so as to be adjustable in angle with respect to the opposed fixed plate. It is comprised by the bit type crushing apparatus in any one.

  If comprised in this way, according to the angle of an opposing fixed plate (rotation support plate), an induction chute can be adjusted to the optimal angle with respect to an opposing fixed plate, and the crushed material of various particle sizes is guided smoothly. can do.

  According to the present invention, the particle size of the crushed material can be adjusted by increasing / decreasing the interval between the crushing rotor and the counter fixed plate without using a grate as in the prior art. Can be adjusted.

  Moreover, since the tip of the crushing bit passes through the concave groove facing the opposing fixing plate, clogging between the crushing rotor and the opposing fixing plate can be effectively prevented.

  In addition, the bulk material can be efficiently crushed to the end in the crushing space.

  In addition, since the crushing bits of the crushing rotor rotate and pass through the recessed grooves of the opposed fixed plate, clogging that occurs between the recessed grooves of the opposed fixed plate and the crushing rotor is effectively prevented. can do.

  Further, for example, even when a foreign object is caught between the crushing rotor and the opposed fixing plate and an overload state is caused, the foreign object can be easily removed by rotating the opposed fixing plate to the open position. .

  In addition, the guide chute can be adjusted to the optimum angle with respect to the counter fixed plate according to the angle of the counter fixed plate (rotating support plate), and the crushed material of various particle sizes can be guided and discharged smoothly. it can.

It is side surface sectional drawing (BB sectional drawing of FIG. 2) of the bit type crushing apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is a rear view of a crushing apparatus same as the above. It is a plane sectional view (DD sectional view of Drawing 2) of a crushing device same as the above. It is a front view (CC line arrow view of FIG. 1) of a crushing apparatus same as the above. It is a side view (AA line arrow view of FIG. 2) of a crushing apparatus same as the above. It is side surface sectional drawing which shows the operation state of a crushing apparatus same as the above. It is a front view of the crushing rotor vicinity which shows the relationship between the crushing rotor of a crushing apparatus same as the above, and an opposing fixed board. It is an expanded sectional view of the crushing rotor vicinity of a crushing apparatus same as the above. It is an expanded sectional view of the crushing rotor vicinity of a crushing apparatus same as the above. It is a schematic perspective view of the crushing rotor which shows the relationship between the crushing rotor and crushing bit of a crushing apparatus same as the above. It is a perspective view of the opposing fixed board of a crushing apparatus same as the above.

  Hereinafter, the bit type crushing apparatus according to the present invention will be described in detail.

  1 is a rear view of the bit type crushing apparatus, and is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. 2 (side cross-sectional view). FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line DD in FIG. FIG. 5 is a view taken along the line CC in FIG. 1 (front view), and FIG. 5 is a view taken along the line AA in FIG. 2 (side view).

  First, the outer frame 1 'of the bit type crushing apparatus 1 according to the present invention will be described. In FIG. 1, the right side of the bit-type crusher 1 is “front” (the direction in which the crushed material is discharged), the left side is “rear”, and the front side is the rear side. The left and right are defined as “left and right direction”, and the top and bottom of the page are defined as “vertical direction”.

  The bit-type crushing device 1 is constructed by constructing a horizontal base rod 3 in a rectangular frame shape on four legs 2, and standing four vertical rods 5 at four corners of the base rod 3. By connecting four upper horizontal rods 4 in a frame shape between the upper ends of the vertical rods 5, a tower-shaped outer machine frame 1 ′ is configured. In addition, in order to fix various devices in the outer machine casing 1 ′, the foundation rods 3 ′ and 3 ′ in the front-rear direction are connected and fixed in the foundation rod 3, and the upper horizontal rod in the left and right direction in the upper horizontal rod 4 4 'is connected and fixed.

  A pair of front vertical rods 6 and 6 that connect the base rod 3 and the upper horizontal rod 4 up and down at a substantially central position in the left-right direction at the front portion of the outer frame 1 'are set at a certain interval in the left-right direction. (See FIG. 4), a pair of intermediate vertical rods 6 'and 6' parallel to the front vertical rods 6 and 6 at the position slightly rearward of the front vertical rods 6 and 6 are the same as the fixed interval. Provided at intervals (see FIGS. 1 and 3), the intermediate height positions of the vertical rods 6, 6, 6 ′ and 6 ′ are connected by horizontal rods 7 and 7 in the front-rear direction (see FIGS. 3 and 4). Bearings 8 are provided on the horizontal rods 7 and 7, and a cylindrical crushing rotor 9 is rotatably supported between the bearings 8 and 8.

  The crushing rotor 9 is directed toward the arrow a direction, that is, the rear side via the speed reducer 11 by the drive motor M installed on the small machine frame 10 installed on the foundation rod 3 at a predetermined height. It is rotationally driven from above to below.

  The left and right portions surrounded by the front vertical rods 6 and 6 and the intermediate vertical rods 6 ′ and 6 ′ above the horizontal rods 7 and 7 are the left and right walls except for the penetrating portions of the rotating shafts 9 ′ and 9 ′. It is closed by plates 12 and 12 (see FIGS. 4 and 6).

  The crushing rotor 9 has a cylindrical outer shape, and a plurality of crushing bits 29 are fixed to the outer peripheral surface 9 ″. The plurality of crushing bits 29 are the outer peripheral surface 9 ″ of the cylindrical crushing rotor 9. Further, the tip end portion, that is, the tip end 29 'of the bit blade is fixed in the rotational direction (arrow a direction). As shown in FIGS. 3 and 10, the plurality of crushing bits 29 are arranged and fixed in a spiral manner with respect to the axial direction on the outer peripheral surface 9 ″ of the crushing rotor 9. A single spiral bit string F is formed, and a plurality of the single spiral bit string F is provided on the outer peripheral surface 9 ″. Assuming a straight line L2 extending to the rotation center axis 9a on the cylindrical outer peripheral surface 9 ″ of the crushing bit 29, a straight line inclined at a predetermined angle θ with respect to the straight line L2 from one end of the straight line L2 is defined as the outer peripheral surface. When drawn on 9 ″, the straight line spirals with respect to the cylindrical outer peripheral surface 9 ″. The spiral of the spiral bit string F is a concept including such a spiral straight line. In addition, for the crushing bit string, a configuration in which crushing bit strings are arranged in a zigzag shape in the direction of the rotation center axis 9a, and a plurality of the crushing bit strings are provided along the outer peripheral surface 9 ″ may be considered.

  Further, the fixed position of the crushing bit 29 in the helical bit string F is configured such that each crushing bit 29 is positioned on the same circumferential line H when viewed in the circumferential direction of the crushing rotor 9. Yes. That is, when focusing on one circumferential line H, the crushing bit 29 is configured to be fixed at positions (q1, q2, q3...) Along the circumferential line H. Therefore, when the crushing rotor 9 rotates, each crushing bit 29 on each circumferential line H passes along each concave groove 31 at a position facing a counter fixing plate 27 described later.

  At a position on the rear side of the crushing rotor 9, a support base 13 is fixed at substantially the same height as the horizontal rods 7, 7. The support base 13 has a rectangular plate shape, and connects a pair of left and right horizontal support rods 14 and 14 provided in the front-rear direction at a lower position and the horizontal support rods 14 and 14 in the left-right direction. The vertical rods 15a and 15a and the horizontal rods 15b and 15b are fixed on the support rod 14 ', and are fixedly supported horizontally on the horizontal rods 15b and 15b.

  The height of the support 13 is a position slightly below the lower end of the crushing rotor 9, and its front end 13 a is perpendicular to the tip 29 ′ of the crushing bit 29 located on the rear side of the crushing rotor 9. It is substantially positioned on the extended line L1 that has been lowered (see FIG. 1), and its rear end 13b is positioned on the rear side of the pressing plate 23 at the pusher retracted position K1 described later.

  The upper side from the left and right end edges of the support base 13 is closed by left and right wall plates 16 and 16 having a height T1 reaching a position slightly higher than the position of the rotation center shaft 9a of the crushing rotor 9. The front ends of the wall plates 16, 16 are connected to the rear ends of the left and right wall plates 12, 12 of the crushing rotor 9, and a continuous wall plate from the wall plate 16 to the wall plate 12 is formed on the left and right. (See FIGS. 1 and 3).

  A pair of rear vertical rods 6 ″, 6 ″ parallel to the front vertical rods 6 and 6 between the upper horizontal rod 4 and the foundation rod 3 at the rear of the outer machine frame 1 ′ are the front portion in the left-right direction. It is connected and fixed at a predetermined interval substantially the same as the vertical rods 6 and 6 (see FIG. 2). A bottom plate 19 is provided on a connecting rod 17 connected in the left-right direction on the left and right vertical rods 15a, 15a and a connecting rod 18 provided in the left-right direction between the rear vertical rods 6 ", 6". The hydraulic cylinder 20 is fixed horizontally with an angle 24 on the bottom plate 19 in a direction in which the hydraulic cylinder 20 can expand and contract in the front-rear direction.

  The pressing plate 23 is fixed vertically to the front end of the telescopic rod 21 of the hydraulic cylinder 20 via a support portion 22. The width of the pressing plate 23 in the left-right direction is slightly smaller than the interval T2 between the left and right wall plates 16, 16, and the front side of the retracted position K1 shown in FIGS. 6 can move forward to a forward position K2 (a position of the front end 13a of the support base 13) shown in FIG. 6 (see FIG. 3), and retracts to the retracted position K1 by contraction of the telescopic rod 21. Configured to get. A pusher is configured by the hydraulic cylinder 20, the telescopic rod 21, and the pressing surface 23a (see FIG. 9) on the front side of the pressing plate 23.

  Accordingly, a raw material charging portion 43 is formed by the pressing plate 23, the support base 13, and the left and right wall plates 16, 16 of the support base 13.

  Thus, the raw material charging part 43 is provided on the support base 13, the pusher is provided on the rear side of the raw material charging part 43, the crushing rotor 9 is pivotally supported on the front side of the raw material charging part 43, and the crushing rotor is provided. 9, a plurality of crushing bits 29 are fixed to the outer peripheral surface 9 ″, and the raw material G charged in the raw material charging part 43 can be pressed to the crushing rotor 9 side by the pusher.

  When the pressing plate 23 is in the retracted position, a rectangular opening 2 is formed above the support base 13, and a raw material charging hopper 25 is fixed to the opening 2.

  The hopper 25 has a front wall surface 25a that rises vertically upward from one side on the front side of the opening 2, and a left and right wall surface 25b that rises upward from the left and right sides of the opening 2 toward the upper side. 25b and a rear wall surface 25c rising obliquely in a direction in which the upper opening expands upward from one side on the rear side of the opening 2, and the wall surfaces 25a to 25c are connected to each other. Thus, a substantially inverted quadrangular pyramid shape is formed.

  On the front side of the front end 13 a of the support base 13, at the same height as the front end 13 a, forward of the front end 13 a and below the crushing rotor 9, substantially at the front end of the rotor 9 A rotation support plate 26 is provided that extends to the end position.

  The rotation support plate 26 is composed of a horizontal plate-like body, and on the upper half side of the upper surface thereof, that is, on the lower side corresponding to the substantially first half side from the rotation center line 9a of the crushing rotor 9, An opposing fixing plate 27 that rises obliquely with respect to the outer peripheral surface 9 ″ of the crushing rotor 9 toward the rear side is fixed by a leg portion 28. Accordingly, the rear half side of the upper surface of the rotating support plate 26, In other words, a crushing space E is formed between the substantially rear half side of the crushing rotor 9 and the upper surface of the rotation support plate 26 (see FIGS. 8 and 9).

  As described above, the opposed fixed plate 27 is fixed to the rotation support plate 26 positioned below the crushing rotor 9, and the pusher pressing plate 23, the crushing rotor 9, and the rotation support plate 26 are arranged. In detail, the counter fixing plate 27 forms a crushing space E for the raw material by a space surrounded by the left and right wall plates 16, 16 and 12, 12 (see FIG. 8).

  On the surface 27a of the counter fixed plate 27, ridges 30 in the front-rear direction along the rotation direction of the crushing rotor 9 are formed in parallel in a plurality of rows (see FIGS. 7, 9, and 11). A plurality of rows of concave and convex grooves 31 in the front-rear direction along the rotational direction of the crushing rotor 9 are formed between the ridges 30. That is, the plurality of concave grooves 31 provided on the surface 27a of the opposed fixing plate 27 are provided in correspondence with the installation position in the left-right direction (circumferential installation position) of the crushing bit 29 of the crushing rotor 9. (See FIG. 7). 7 shows the relationship between the tip 29 'of the bit 29 and the groove 31, so that each crushing bit 29 is not arranged in a spiral but is parallel to the rotation center line 9a. In more detail, the ridges 30 are provided in a plurality of rows in the left-right direction over substantially the entire length in the front-rear direction of the surface 27a of the opposed fixing plate 27, and the concave grooves 31 are similarly formed in the above manner. It is provided in a plurality of rows in the left-right direction over substantially the entire length in the front-rear direction of the surface 27 a of the opposed fixing plate 27.

  A support rod 33 is connected between the intermediate vertical rods 6 ′ and 6 ′ in the left-right direction, and a pair of vertical rods 34 and 34 are vertically fixed between the support rod 33 and the back surface of the front end portion of the support base 13. (See FIG. 4). A pair of arms 32, 32 in the front-rear direction are provided on the back surface side of the rotation support plate 26 (see FIG. 4), and the rear ends of these arms 32, 32 are shaft support portions 35, 35, respectively. Are pivotally attached to the vertical rods 34, 34 with a support shaft 35a (see FIG. 9). A support rod 39 for fixing the hydraulic cylinder in the left-right direction is fixed at a position below the support rod 33 between the intermediate vertical rods 6 'and 6'.

  Further, the distal end portion of the telescopic rod 37 of the hydraulic cylinder 36 is pivotally attached to the center portion on the back surface side of the rotation support plate 26 by a shaft support portion 38 (see FIGS. 8 and 9). ), An intermediate portion of the casing of the hydraulic cylinder 36 is pivotally attached to a bearing 40 provided on the support rod 39 with a central shaft 40 ′.

  At the extended position of the telescopic rod 37 of the hydraulic cylinder 36, the rotational support plate 26 is in a horizontal state flush with the support base 13, and the opposing fixed plate 27 has its surface 27a and the crushing bit 29. The tip end 29 'is configured to be located at the proximity position N1 at the interval t1 (see FIG. 9).

  At this time, when the crushing rotor 9 is rotated in the direction of the arrow a, each crushing bit 29 is configured such that the tip 29 'can pass through the opposed concave groove 31. More specifically, as shown in FIG. 9, the tip 29 'of the crushing bit 29 is maintained even when the tip 27' is closest to the surface 27a of the opposed fixing plate 27. It passes through the groove 31 without rotating in contact with the surface 27a.

  The raw material is crushed between each crushing bit 29 and the opposed fixed plate 27, but the crushing bit 29 has its tip 29 ′ passing through the groove 31, so that clogging occurs in the groove 31. The crushing performance can be maintained. The crushed material crushed between the crushing rotor 9 and the counter fixed plate 27 is discharged to the front side between the outer peripheral surface 9 ″ of the crushing rotor 9 and the surface 27a of the counter fixed plate 27 ( Discharged forward (interval t2) (see FIG. 8) (see arrow d in FIG. 8).

  When the telescopic rod 37 of the hydraulic cylinder 36 is reduced, the rotation support plate 26 can be rotated in the direction of the arrow b with the support shaft 35a of the shaft support portions 35, 35 as a fulcrum. The interval t2 (interval t1) between the plate 27 and the crushing rotor 9 (outer peripheral surface 9 ″) can be expanded to increase the particle size of the crushed material. Conversely, when the telescopic rod 37 is extended, The rotation support plate 26 can be rotated in the direction of the arrow b ′ using the shaft support portions 35 and 35 as fulcrums, whereby the distance between the opposed fixing plate 27 and the crushing rotor 9 (outer peripheral surface 9 ″). By reducing t2 (interval t1), the particle size of the crushed material can be reduced.

  In this way, the raw material is crushed between the crushing rotor 9 and the opposed fixed plate 27, and the crushed material is discharged from the discharge gap V on the front side of the crushing rotor 9 and the opposed fixed plate 27. The particle size of the crushed material can be adjusted by expanding / contracting the hydraulic cylinder 36 and increasing / decreasing the distance t2 between the opposed fixed plate 27 and the crushing rotor 9. Of course, the interval t1 also increases or decreases in response to the increase or decrease of the interval t2.

  Further, when the telescopic rod 37 of the hydraulic cylinder 36 is contracted the most, as shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 9, the opening t2 (t1) between the opposed fixed plate 27 and the crushing rotor 9 is opened most widely. The counter fixing plate 27 can be rotated in the direction of arrow b to the position N2. For example, in a situation where some kind of hard foreign matter is caught between the crushing rotor 9 and the opposed fixing plate 27 and an overload occurs, the hydraulic cylinder 36 is reduced to move the opposed fixing plate 27 to the open position. By setting it to N2, the said foreign material can be removed easily.

  Reference numeral 41 denotes a guide chute that is pivotally attached to the distal ends of the arms 32, 32 of the rotation support plate 26 with shaft support portions 42, 42, and is discharged forward from the discharge gap V. The crushed material is received and guided to a predetermined position. The guide chute 41 can be changed in angle with respect to the rotation support plate 26 (opposing fixed plate 27) around the shaft support portions 42, 42. It is possible to adjust to an optimum angle according to the angle.

  44 is a backflow prevention protrusion provided between the front vertical rods 6, 6 and the front upper part of the crushing rotor 9, and its lower end 44a is provided close to the crushing rotor 9 (see FIG. 8). An object is configured not to flow back into the crushing space E from above the crushing rotor 9. Further, an opening 45 is formed on the upper surface side of the hopper 25, and a raw material is charged from the opening 45 (see FIG. 1).

Since the present invention is configured as described above, the operation of the present invention will be described next.
First, the hydraulic cylinder 36 is extended to fix the opposed fixing plate 27 at the proximity position N1 (intervals t1, t2) in FIG. At the same time, the motor M is driven to rotate the crushing rotor 9 in the direction of arrow a. It is assumed that the pressing plate 23 as a pusher is located at the retracted position K1 by reducing the hydraulic cylinder 20.

  In this state, the raw material is charged from the upper opening 45 of the hopper 25 toward the raw material charging portion 43. In the present embodiment, the raw material is a raw material G (see FIG. 1) made of a relatively large block waste such as waste plastic. Then, the charged raw material G falls down along the wall plates 25a, 25b, and 25c of the hopper 25 and is dropped and supplied onto the support base 13 of the raw material charging portion 43 (see FIG. 1).

  Thereafter, the hydraulic cylinder 20 is driven to extend. Then, the pressing plate 23 moves forward, and the pressing surface 23a presses the raw material G (for example, the raw material G indicated by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 1) from the rear side to the front side. The front part of the raw material G is pressed against the crushing rotor 9 with a constant pressure. During the crushing operation, the hydraulic cylinder 9 always presses the raw material from the rear to the front with a constant pressure.

  Then, since the crushing rotor 9 is rotated in the direction of arrow a, the raw material G is fed from the front end side located on the support base 13 and the rotation support plate 26 to the crushing rotors 9. The tip 29 'of the bit 29 is cut into small pieces from the top to the bottom. The small pieces of crushed material (the crushed material S in FIG. 8) cut by the crushing bit 29 are fed forward by the rotation of the crushing rotor 9 in the direction of arrow a, and the surface 27a of the opposed fixed plate 27 and the crushing rotor 9 (see FIGS. 6 and 8).

  Between the crushing rotor 9 and the opposed fixing plate 27, the raw material is between the tip 29 'of the crushing bit 29 and the surface 27a of the opposed fixing plate 27 (interval t1), and between the crushing bit 29 and the groove 31 Meanwhile, by entering between the outer peripheral surface 9 ″ of the crushing rotor 9 and the ridges 30 or the like, it is further finely crushed into a crushed material S ′ (see FIG. 8), and the crushed material S ′ finely crushed. Is discharged in the direction of arrow d from the discharge gap V formed between the crushing rotor 9 and the opposed fixed plate 27. The discharged crushed material S 'falls onto the discharge chute 41. The chutes 41 accumulate the accumulated pits below the chutes.

  The tip 29 'of the crushing bit 29 rotates while passing through the groove 31 on the surface 27a of the opposed fixing plate 27 for a predetermined distance in the front-rear direction (see FIG. 9 for crushing while passing through the groove 31). The bit 29 is continuously described), and clogging does not occur in each of the concave grooves 31, that is, between the crushing rotor 9 and the opposed fixing plate 27.

  Since the raw material G is pushed forward by the hydraulic cylinder 20 from the rear side, the raw material G is gradually crushed from the front end, and when the pressing plate 23 is positioned at the forward movement position K2, FIG. As shown in FIG. 8, after crushing in the crushing space E surrounded by the pressing plate 23, the rotation support plate 26, the counter fixed plate 27, the crushing rotor 9, and the left and right wall plates 12, 12. The pieces of crushed pieces S and S ′ are accumulated, and these pieces of crushed pieces S and S ′ are further crushed between the crushing rotor 9 and the opposed fixed plate 27, and finally all the pieces are crushed. The crushed material S ′ is discharged forward from the crushed space E. At this time, the particle size of the crushed material S 'is a particle size corresponding to the interval t2 (the smallest in the present embodiment).

  In order to increase the particle size of the crushed material, the telescopic rod 37 of the hydraulic cylinder 40 is slightly reduced, and the counter fixing plate 27 is rotated slightly in the direction of the arrow b (opening direction) to increase the interval t2. .

  When the telescopic rod 37 is reduced by a predetermined amount, the hydraulic cylinder 36 is slightly rotated in the direction of the arrow c about the central axis 40 '(see FIG. 9), while the rotational support plate 26 is supported by the axial support portion 35. Since the shaft 35a is rotated in the direction of the arrow b with the shaft 35a as a fulcrum, the interval t2 (t1) can be enlarged. By stopping the contraction of the telescopic rod 37 at a predetermined position, the opposing fixing plate 27 is stopped at the position of the interval t2 (t1) corresponding to the desired granularity, and the opposing fixing plate 27 is fixed at the position. . Thereafter, the raw material may be crushed similarly to the above. Thus, according to the present invention, the particle size adjustment of the crushed material can be adjusted without using a conventional great.

  As the interval t2 (t1) is increased, the tip portion 29 ′ of the crushing bit 29 is detached from the concave groove 31 of the opposed fixing plate 27. The discharge gap V (interval t <b> 2) is preferably enlarged in a range in which the tip portion 29 ′ of the crushing bit 29 does not leave the concave groove 31. This is because if the tip 29 'of the crushing bit 29 is completely separated from the groove 31, the clogging prevention effect due to the tip 29' entering the groove 31 is reduced. It should be noted that the material may be crushed at an interval t2 in a state where the tip 29 'of the crushing bit 29 is detached from the concave groove 31 as long as the material does not clog.

  In addition, during the crushing operation of the raw material as described above, when an overload state occurs such that a lump of foreign matter enters the crushing space E and the crushing rotor 9 stops, the motor M is stopped. The rotation of the crushing rotor 9 is stopped and the extension operation of the hydraulic cylinder 20 is stopped, and the hydraulic cylinder 36 is reduced to move the rotating support plate 26, that is, the opposed fixing plate 27 to the open position N2. What is necessary is just to rotate to the arrow b direction. Then, since the gap between the crushing bit 29 (crushing rotor 9) and the opposed fixed plate 27 is greatly opened, the foreign matter can be easily discharged.

  As described above, according to the present invention, the particle size of the crushed material can be adjusted by increasing or decreasing the interval t2 without using a grate as in the prior art, and the raw material can be efficiently adjusted to various particle sizes. can do.

  Moreover, since the tip 29 'of the crushing bit 29 passes through the concave groove 31 facing the opposing fixing plate 27, clogging between the crushing rotor 9 and the opposing fixing plate 27 can be effectively prevented. .

  Moreover, the raw material G can be efficiently crushed to the last in the crushing space E by pressing the massive raw material G with a pusher, for example.

  Further, since the crushing bits 29 are arranged as a spiral bit string F with respect to the crushing rotor 9 and each crushing bit 29 faces the concave groove 31 of the opposed fixing plate 27, a plurality of crushing bits 29 of the crushing rotor 9 are provided. However, it rotates and passes through the recessed groove 31 of the opposed fixed plate 27 with a time difference, thereby effectively preventing clogging between the recessed groove 31 of the opposed fixed plate 27 and the crushing rotor 9. can do.

  Further, for example, even when a foreign object is caught between the crushing rotor 9 and the opposed fixing plate 27 and an overload state occurs, the opposed fixed plate 27 is rotated to the open position N2 to easily remove the foreign object. be able to.

  Moreover, according to the angle of the rotation support plate 26, the induction chute 41 can be adjusted to an optimum angle with respect to the rotation support plate 26, and crushed materials of various particle sizes can be smoothly guided and discharged. .

  In FIG. 9, the interval t <b> 3 is from a straight line L <b> 3 where the front end position of the protrusion 30 of the counter fixing plate 27 passes through the rotation center axis 9 a of the crushing rotor 9 and is perpendicular to the counter fixing plate 27. It is a distance (interval) protruding forward, and by providing the front end of the ridge 30 at this position, the distance that the tip 29 ′ of the crushing bit 29 moves in the concave groove 31 can be made longer. The crushing performance can be improved.

  According to the bit type crushing apparatus according to the present invention, it is possible to adjust the particle size of the crushed material without using a grate, so that it can be widely used as a crushing apparatus for crushing raw materials such as various industrial wastes. It is.

1 bit type crushing device 9 crushing rotor 9 "outer peripheral surface 13 support base 23a pressing surface 26 rotating support plate 27 counter fixed plate 27a surface 29 crushing bit 29 'tip 31 concave groove 35a spindle 36 hydraulic cylinder 41 induction chute E crushing space F Spiral bit string t1 interval t2 interval N1 proximity position N2 open position V discharge gap

Claims (5)

A raw material charging part is provided on the support base, a pusher is provided on the rear side of the raw material charging part, a crushing rotor is pivotally supported on the front side of the raw material charging part, and a plurality of crushing bits are fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the crushing rotor. A bit that crushes the raw material charged by pressing the raw material charged into the raw material charging unit to the crushing rotor side with the pusher and rotating the crushing rotor toward the rear side downward from above. In the type crusher
A counter fixing plate is provided on the lower surface side of the crushing rotor so that the surface thereof is close to the crushing bit, and the distance between the surface of the counter fixing plate and the crushing rotor can be increased or decreased by a driving means. age,
In addition, the raw material is crushed between the crushing rotor and the opposed fixed plate in a state where the opposed fixed plate is fixed at the close position, and the crushed material is discharged from the discharge gap between the crushing rotor and the opposed fixed plate. Configured to be able to
In addition, a plurality of rows of concave grooves along the rotation direction of the crushing rotor are formed in parallel on the surface of the opposed fixed plate, and the crushing bits rotate in the concave grooves whose tips are opposed by the rotation of the crushing rotor. Bit-type crusher that is configured to pass through. The counter fixed plate is fixed to a rotating support plate located below the crushing rotor,
The drive means is capable of increasing or decreasing the distance between the opposed fixed plate and the crushing rotor by rotating the rotation support plate with a support shaft at one end thereof,
2. The bit type crushing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a crushing space for the raw material is formed by the pressing surface of the pusher, the crushing rotor, the rotating support plate, and the opposed fixed plate. The plurality of crushing bits are fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical crushing rotor with the tip in the rotation direction,
On the outer peripheral surface of the crushing rotor, the plurality of crushing bits are arranged and fixed in a spiral shape with respect to the axial direction to constitute a single spiral bit string,
A plurality of the above-mentioned spiral bit string of the above-mentioned one is provided on the outer peripheral surface,
3. The bit type crushing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein each crushing bit in each of the spiral bit strings is positioned to face the concave groove of the opposed fixed plate.   2. The driving means causes the counter-fixing plate to rotate from the proximity position of the counter-fixing plate to an open position where the surface of the counter-fixing plate is far away from the crushing bit. The bit type crushing apparatus according to any one of? Provide an induction chute that receives and guides the crushed material discharged from the discharge gap,
The bit type crusher according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the guide chute is provided so as to be adjustable in angle with respect to the opposed fixed plate.

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