JP7010462B2 - Sludge crusher and crushing method using it - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to the field of sludge drying, particularly to a crusher for crushing sludge lumps in a sludge drying step, and particularly to a vertical crusher and a sludge lump crushing method using the same.

In the sludge drying step, it is usually necessary to dehydrate the liquid sludge to make the liquid sludge into solid sludge. The dehydration process often separates the liquid from the solid in the sludge by a solid-liquid separator, and the dehydrated sludge forms larger lumps with a constant water content. Larger sludge masses may also need to be crushed into smaller pieces to facilitate subsequent burial, solidification or drying of the sludge mass. Compared to other solid-liquid separators, filter presses can produce sludge masses with higher solids with a moisture content of about 75-40%, which are due to their high hardness and non-brittleness. Characterized.

Conventional crushers include, but are not limited to, jaw crushers, swivel crushers, cone crushers, hammer crushers, roller crushers, vibration crushers and the like. These crushers favor sludge transport and subsequent processing by making larger sludge lumps smaller by applying crushing components to the sludge lumps to improve sludge flow. However, these crushers have some drawbacks, one of which is that sludge lumps tend to clog the device during sludge crushing, small crushers are not uniform in size and the device is continuous. It does not work and the stability of sludge crushing is affected, which can increase the difficulty of subsequent processing, especially the difficulty of further reducing the water content of smaller crushed sludge masses in the drying process. There is. Therefore, it is desirable to provide a sludge mass crusher and crushing method to ensure a stable crushing process and uniform particle size.

The present invention provides a vertical sludge crusher in order to solve the problems of the prior art. The vertically positioned housing of the vertical crusher has at least one crushing assembly. The crushing assembly comprises a rotatable assembly and a stationary assembly, one of which is placed on top of the other, and the rotatable assembly is located above the stationary assembly. Rotation of the rotatable assembly relative to the stationary assembly increases the fluidity of the smaller sludge mass or fragment, and in subsequent drying steps, the smaller sludge mass or fragment is uniformly dried prior to the step of powdering the sludge mass. In such an embodiment, the sludge mass is crushed into smaller chunks or pieces having a uniform particle size.

In the vertical sludge crusher of the present invention, the rotatable assembly comprises a rotary shaft and at least one rotary arm attached to the rotary shaft. The upper end of the rotating shaft is rotatably located in the shaft hole of the top cover of the housing, and the rotating arm extends at an angle from the lower end of the rotating shaft toward the side wall of the housing and projects downward at least one crushing component. The stationary assembly comprises a stationary seat with a central strut and at least one support rod, and at least one annular piece. Each at least one support rod extends at an angle towards the side wall of the housing, one end is secured to the central strut, the other end is connected to the side wall of the housing, and at least one annular piece supports around the central strut. It is fixed to at least one support rod at regular intervals in the longitudinal direction of the rod. The rotatable shaft of the rotatable assembly has an axis parallel to the axis of the central strut of the stationary assembly and has at least one crushing component of at least one rotating arm and at least one annular fixed to at least one support rod. The pieces are arranged alternately, each crushing component corresponds to the spacing between two adjacent annular pieces, and when the rotatable assembly rotates with respect to the stationary assembly, at least one crushing component has at least one annular. Move circumferentially along the corresponding annular piece of the piece.

In the vertical sludge crusher of the present invention, discontinuous protrusions are arranged on the top surface of the annular piece of the stationary assembly so that the support surface for receiving the sludge mass of the stationary assembly becomes sturdy. The recesses formed between the adjacent protrusions can interfere with the circumferential movement of the sludge mass following the rotation of the rotatable assembly, further fixing the sludge mass and facilitating breakage or shearing of the sludge mass, thereby sludge in the housing. Reduce mass deposition.

In the vertical sludge crusher of the present invention, the elements constituting the crushing assembly may be separated, so that the rotatable assembly and the stationary assembly and their components or elements are the water content of the sludge mass and crushing or shearing. It can be selected according to the size of the sludge mass that has been made and can be replaced according to the wear of the relevant components, thereby making the combination of crushing assemblies easy and flexible.

In the vertical sludge crusher of the present invention, housings having different cross-sectional shapes can be used as required, and sludge mass feed ports are formed at either the top or side of the housing above the crushing assembly. The assignment between the crusher and the associated equipment is made simple and space efficient.

In the vertical sludge crusher of the present invention, the crushing assembly for crushing the sludge mass is to crush or shear a smaller sludge mass or fragment of uniform size by a predetermined distance between a plurality of annular pieces of the stationary assembly. Can be done. The spacing between the annular pieces not only prevents the sludge mass from moving circumferentially with the rotation of the rotatable assembly, but also acts as a measurer for smaller sludge masses or pieces that are crushed or sheared. Only allow the passage of smaller sludge masses or fragments smaller than the spacing between the annular pieces so that the sludge mass is crushed or sheared according to a given size.

The present invention also provides a method of crushing a sludge mass using a vertical crusher. The dehydrated sludge mass is transported into the housing from the top or top of the crusher housing, and the rotation of the rotatable assembly relative to the stationary assembly within the crusher assembly causes the rotating arm on the rotating shaft of the rotatable assembly to become a sludge mass. Allows collisions and allows crushing components to cut or shear sludge masses, resulting in smaller sludge masses or fragments of uniform particle size. Smaller sludge masses or debris then fall through the spacing between the annular pieces of the stationary assembly and are ejected from the housing through the opening in the lower portion of the housing.

The crushing assembly and method for crushing the sludge mass of the present invention can control the particle size of the crushed sludge mass. The components or elements of the crushed assembly of the present invention are selected and combined to obtain smaller sludge masses or fragments within the expected range and with uniform particle size. By reducing the sludge particle size, not only the fluidity of the smaller sludge mass can be increased, but also the drying speed in the sludge drying step can be increased to improve the drying efficiency, and the present invention has the points of processing time and stability. Improves the porosity of dry sludge and facilitates subsequent sludge treatment.

Brief Description of the Drawings Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings to facilitate a full understanding of the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present invention.

It is a partial fracture perspective schematic diagram of the crusher for crushing the sludge mass of this invention. It is sectional drawing in the axial direction of the sludge crusher of FIG. It is an exploded perspective view of the sludge crusher of FIG. FIG. 3 is a perspective schematic view of a crushing assembly for crushing a sludge mass used in the sludge crusher of FIG. FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a rotatable assembly of the crushed assembly of FIG. It is a perspective schematic view of the stationary assembly of the crushing assembly of FIG. FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a partially broken perspective of another embodiment of the housing of the sludge crusher of FIG. It is a flowchart of sludge crushing by a vertical type crusher for crushing a sludge mass.

For the sake of clarity, the drawings herein are not scaled and similar or similar reference numerals indicate similar or similar components or parts. Please understand.

1 and 2 schematically show a preferred embodiment of a crusher for crushing a sludge mass of the present invention in the form of a perspective view and a cross-sectional view, respectively. As shown, the vertical crusher 1 comprises a housing 2 and a crushing assembly 3 for crushing sludge lumps, the housing 2 which is typically arranged vertically and is located at the cylinder 202 and the apex of the cylinder. With a top cover 201, the bottom of the cylinder 202 is wide open downwards. Further, the housing 2 may be in another form, for example, the cylinder 202 of the housing 2 and the top cover 201 may be integrally formed, and the top cover 201 is a cylinder 202 having a closed top. It is formed as the apex part of. A supply port 203 for receiving the sludge mass and a shaft hole 204 for receiving the rotating shaft are formed on the top cover or the top end portion 201, and the bottom opening of the housing is a smaller shattered sludge mass or fragment. Used to drain. The crushing assembly 3 is placed in the housing 2 in close proximity to the bottom opening. The crushing assembly 3 comprises a rotatable assembly 30 and a stationary assembly 31, which is located on top of the stationary assembly 31 and is rotatable relative to the stationary assembly 31.

3 shows the crusher of FIG. 1 in the form of an exploded perspective view, FIG. 4 shows the crushing assembly in the housing in the form of a perspective view, and FIGS. 5 and 6 show the rotatable assembly and the stationary assembly of the crushing assembly, respectively. Is shown in the form of a perspective view. With reference to FIGS. 3 to 6, in the housing 2 of the crusher 1, the rotatable assembly 30 and the stationary assembly 31 of the crushing assembly 3 are arranged vertically in series. The rotatable assembly 30 includes a rotary shaft 301 and one or more rotary arms 302 extending outward at an angle with respect to the lower end of the rotary shaft 301, preferably the rotary arm 302 with respect to the rotary shaft 301. Extends outward at right angles. For example, 2 to 10 rotary arms 302 are spaced apart at an angle around the rotary shaft. FIG. 3 shows two rotating arms 302 extending symmetrically in the radial and outward directions at an angle of 180 ° from the rotating shaft 301. Each rotating arm 302 is provided with one or more crushing components 303. For example, 2 to 8 crushing components can be arranged at regular intervals in the longitudinal direction of the rotary arm 302 or in the radial direction of the housing 2, and each crushing component 303 is relative to the rotary arm 302. It can project downward vertically, i.e. substantially parallel to the axis of the rotating shaft 301. The crushing component can be referred to as a cutting or shearing component. 2 to 5 show that each rotating arm 302 is provided with four crushing components 303 apart from each other. The crushing component 303 can have a rectangular cross-sectional shape in the thickness direction parallel to the rotating shaft 301. Of course, the cross-sectional shape of the crushing component 303 may be, for example, a trapezoid, an ellipse, a square, a triangle, or another shape. The crushing component 303 can form a straight line segment or an arc line segment in the circumferential direction when rotating about the rotary shaft 301, and preferably has a sharp end portion forward in the rotation direction. The crushing component 303 may be integrally formed with the rotating arm 302, or may be a separate component fixed to the rotating arm 302 by a connection method known in the art. If it is a separate component, the crushing component 303 is replaceable. Similarly, the rotary arm 302 can also be fixed to the rotary shaft 301 by a connection method known in the art. Known connection methods referred to herein may include welding, key fitting, screwing and insertion and the like. Further, the crushing component 303 may have the same form as the cutting blade.

With reference to FIGS. 2-4 and 6, the stationary assembly 31 comprises a stationary seat 310 and an annular piece 313. The stationary seat portion 310 has a central strut 311 and one or more support rods 312 extending outward at a fixed angle from the central strut 311 and the support rods 312 are preferably outward at right angles to the central strut 311. It extends in the direction. For example, 2 to 10 support rods 312 are provided around the central column 311 at an angle. The one or more annular pieces 313 are arranged on the support rods 312, preferably on at least two support rods 312, so as to stabilize the positioning of the annular pieces 313. For example, there are 2-8 annular pieces 313 arranged at regular intervals in the longitudinal direction of the support rod 312 or in the radial direction of the housing, each annular piece 313 being a ring or arc segment, ring or arc. The radius of the segment is associated with its position on the support rod, i.e., the closer it is to the central strut 311 the smaller the radius of the ring or arc segment. 3 and 6 show four annular pieces or rings 313 spaced apart on the four support rods 312, respectively.

As shown, the upper end 301A of the rotary shaft 301 of the rotatable assembly 30 is rotatably located in the shaft hole 204 for receiving the rotary shaft 301, formed in the top cover 201 of the housing, and exits the shaft hole 204. A power input component 4, for example, a gear or a pulley is provided at the portion of the upper end 301A extending from the upper end. The power input component 4 can be coupled to the drive by a belt or chain to drive the rotary shaft 301. Each support rod 312 of the stationary assembly 31 has one end connected to the central strut 311 and the other end fixed to a wall close to the bottom opening of the housing 2 and installed, for example, in an orifice 205 formed in the wall. Of course, it may be fixed directly to the side wall in a known connection mode. In FIG. 4, each of the four support rods 312 extends at right angles to the central strut 311 and the two rotary arms 302 project radially and oppositely to each other with respect to the rotary shaft 301. In order to stabilize the stationary seat 310 of the stationary assembly 31, four or more support rods 312 are usually arranged at the same angle apart and extend outward from the outer surface of the central strut 311 and three or more. The annular pieces 313 of the above can be placed on the support rods 312 at the same or different intervals. In other words, adjacent rings or arc segments can be separated by different distances along the support rod 312, and rings or arc segments with smaller radii are more than adjacent rings or arc segments with larger radii. Much closer to the central strut 311, each ring or arc segment is stably positioned on three or more support rods 312, with two adjacent annular pieces 313 constant in the longitudinal direction of the support rods or in the radial direction of the housing. Can be kept at intervals. The crushing component 303 of the rotating arm 302 of the rotatable assembly 30 is within the corresponding spacing between the adjacent annular pieces 313 so that the plurality of crushing components 303 and the plurality of annular pieces 313 are alternately arranged. It can project downwards, and as the rotating shaft 301 rotates, the crushing component 303 can move circumferentially along the inner or outer circumference of the annular piece 313 at corresponding intervals. In order to facilitate the stabilization of the rotary shaft 301, the plurality of rotary arms 302 are usually arranged symmetrically with respect to the rotary shaft 301. As shown, the two rotating arms 302 are symmetrically arranged at an angle of 180 ° and have four downwardly projecting crushing components or cutting blades 303 in the longitudinal direction of the rotating arm 302 and are in close proximity to each other. Three crushing components or cutting blades 303 are respectively arranged within the corresponding spacing formed between the two annular pieces 313.

With reference to FIG. 3, since the housing 2 is arranged vertically, i.e., perpendicular to the ground, the rotating shaft 301 of the rotatable assembly 30 is substantially aligned with the axis of the central strut 311 of the stationary assembly 31. The axes of the rotary shaft 301 and the central strut 311 are substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the housing 2, preferably the axes of the rotary shaft and the central strut coincide with the longitudinal axis of the housing. The rotary arm 302 and the support rod 312 are close to each other in parallel. Since the crushing components 303 and the annular pieces 313 are alternately arranged, each crushing component 303 of the rotating arm 302 extends within the corresponding spacing between two adjacent annular pieces 313 on the support rod 312. The width of the crushing component 303 in the longitudinal direction of the rotary arm or the radial direction of the housing can be smaller than the corresponding spacing between the two annular pieces 313 on the support rod 312. In other words, the spacing between the two adjacent crushing components 303 is greater than the width of the corresponding annular piece 313 on the support rod 312 in the longitudinal direction of the support rod, with the rotatable assembly 30 rotating relative to the stationary assembly 31. Each crushing component 303 is then always located within the corresponding spacing between the two adjacent annular pieces 313 so that the crushing component 303 does not interfere with the annular piece 313.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, of the plurality of annular pieces of the stationary assembly, each annular piece 313 can have one or more spaced projections 314, the separated discontinuous projections 314. , It is fixed to the upper surface of the annular piece 313 by a known connection mode, and the width of the protrusion in the length direction of the support rod or the radial direction of the annular piece may be smaller than the width of the annular piece. These protrusions and the annular piece may be integrally formed. These protrusions 314 increase the thickness of a portion of the annular piece 313 in the axial direction of the central strut 311, i.e., increase the height of the annular piece 313 at a portion of the housing longitudinally. .. As mentioned above, during the crushing process, the rotatable assembly 30 rotates with respect to the stationary assembly 31, and sludge lumps entering the crusher substantially fall onto the stationary assembly 31. Therefore, the discontinuous or incomplete surface consisting of the upper surfaces of the plurality of annular pieces 313 of the stationary assembly serves as a support surface for receiving the sludge mass. Since the protrusion 314 of the annular piece 313 makes the support surface uneven, the sludge mass falling on the annular piece 313, which is smaller than the distance between the annular pieces, is discharged from the bottom opening of the housing 2 of the crusher and is discharged between the annular pieces. Most of the sludge masses larger than the spacing of the sludge masses stick between the protrusions 314, and only a small portion of the sludge masses can move circumferentially with the rotating arm 302 of the rotatable assembly 30. Thus, the protrusions 314 on the annular piece 313 prevent the sludge mass falling on the annular piece 313 from rotating with the rotating arm, so that most of the sludge mass remains immobile on the stationary assembly 31. It becomes easier for the crushing component 303 of the rotating arm 302 to crush or shear the sludge mass.

With reference to FIGS. 2 and 3, the rotating shaft 301 of the rotatable assembly 30 is aligned with the central strut 311 of the stationary assembly 31, and during the rotation of the rotatable assembly, the crushing components are adjacent between the annular pieces 313. The upper surface of the central axis 311 may be a blind hole or a through hole to prevent bending at the corresponding intervals, which may affect the operation of the crushing component 303. A shaft hole 315 is formed. A shaft end 301B having a different diameter is formed at the lower end of the rotating shaft 301, and since the diameter of the shaft end 301B and the diameter of the rotating shaft 301 are different, a shoulder portion is formed at the intersection of the two. The diameter of the shaft end 301B corresponds to the inner diameter of the shaft hole 315 of the central strut 311. It can be brought into contact with the upper surface of 311. Such a configuration of the rotary shaft and the central column not only realizes the centering of the rotary shaft 301 and the central column 311 but also guarantees the support of the rotary shaft 301 by the central column 311. The enclosed end of the housing 2 or the shaft hole 204 of the top cover 201 and the shaft hole 315 of the central strut 311 of the stationary assembly 31 receive the upper end 301A and the lower end 301B of the rotating shaft 301, respectively, and are relative to the crushing component 3. Guarantees stability and simplifies the structure.

In another embodiment, the structure of the rotary shaft and the structure of the central strut can be interchanged, for example, on the upper end surface of the central strut 311 while a blind hole is formed in the end surface of the lower end 301B of the rotary shaft 301. A short shaft is formed in, the diameter of the short shaft corresponds to the inner diameter of the blind hole of the rotating shaft, the short shaft is rotatably arranged in the blind hole, and the end face of the lower end 301B of the rotating shaft 301 is the central strut 311. The rotation of the rotating shaft with respect to the central strut is achieved by abutting on the upper end surface of the.

In a further embodiment, the rotating shaft 301 may be separated from the central column 311 if the axis of the rotating shaft 301 of the rotatable assembly 30 is substantially aligned with the axis of the central column 311 of the stationary assembly 31. , The lower end of the rotary shaft 301 is separated from the upper end of the central column 311 by a certain distance, but the crushing components can still be located within the corresponding spacing between the adjacent annular pieces 313.

In a further embodiment, the protrusions on the top surface of the annular piece 313 can be removed such that the support surface for receiving the sludge mass is a discontinuous or incomplete flat surface. A portion of the sludge mass moves circumferentially with the rotating arm 302 of the rotatable assembly 30, which can increase the efficiency of crushing the sludge mass of small particle size.

In a further embodiment, one of the rotating shaft 301 of the rotatable assembly 30 and the central strut 311 of the stationary assembly 31 is adjustable with respect to the other as needed and is stationary with the rotating arm 302 assembly 30 of the rotatable assembly 30. The distance between the support rod 312 or the annular piece 313 of the assembly 31 and even the length of the crushing component 303 extending within the corresponding spacing between the two adjacent annular pieces 313 are adjusted.

In the crushing assembly, the width of the crushing component 303 in the radial direction of the housing is substantially smaller than the spacing between adjacent annular pieces so that there is a larger gap between the crushing component 303 and the annular piece 313. For example, a cutting blade with a thinner thickness can replace the crushing component in order to enhance the shearing or cutting effect. The size of the crevices can be determined according to the desired sludge mass, for example smaller crevices can be used when shearing harder sludge masses and the crushing component 303 has sharp edges. It can be a component. Larger gaps can be used when shearing softer sludge masses. In another embodiment, the front and / or rear ends of the crushing component can be formed at sharp ends in the circumferential direction of rotation, even if the rotating shaft rotates clockwise or counterclockwise. , The crushing element can shear the sludge mass.

The crushing assembly 3 of the crusher 1 of the present invention is located close to the bottom opening of the housing 2 and is useful for crushing sludge lumps. When the sludge mass falls from the upper supply port 203 of the housing 2 onto the lower crushing assembly 3 by its own weight, the discontinuous protrusion 314 of the annular piece 313 of the stationary assembly simply collides to facilitate the crushing of the falling sludge mass. There is also a tendency to keep the sludge mass immobile on the annular piece. The collision of the rotating arm 302 driven by the rotating shaft 301 crushes the sludge mass that falls on the support surface of the annular piece, and when the crushing component 303 moves in the circumferential direction, the sludge mass adhering to the gap between the annular pieces 313. Can be cut or sheared into sludge shards or smaller lumps, then sludge shards or smaller lumps pass through the gap and are ejected from the crusher through the bottom opening of the housing. Also, since the crushing assembly 3 is located close to the bottom opening of the housing, the distance between the crushing assembly 3 and the supply port 203 is increased, i.e., there is more space in the housing 2 to receive the sludge mass. In order to increase the size and control the crushing rate of the sludge mass, the amount of sludge mass charged into the housing 2 can be adjusted as needed, and the sludge mass subsequently supplied into the housing is subjected to force. By pushing the already supplied sludge mass in the housing, the gravity of the sludge mass moves towards the crushing assembly, accelerating the crushing rate of the sludge mass and further conserving the supply force for pushing the material. Can be done.

FIG. 7 shows an improved form of the sludge crusher housing in a partially broken perspective view. As shown, the housing 2'includes a top cover 201'and a cylinder 202', the top of the cylinder 202'has a rectangular cross section, the bottom has a circular cross section, and the top cover 201'. The rectangular shape of is consistent with the cross-sectional shape of the upper part of the cylinder 202'so as to surround the upper opening of the cylinder 202'. At the center of the top cover 201'is a shaft hole 204'in which a bearing can be provided, for example, to attach the rotating shaft 301 of the rotatable assembly 30 of the crushing assembly 3. A supply port 203'for receiving the sludge lump is formed on the side wall of the upper part of the cylinder 2', and the sludge lump is transported from the outside into the crusher 1 through the side portion instead of the top portion. There is. The supply port 203'can be formed at any position on the side wall higher than the crushing assembly. The cross-sectional shape of the cylinder can be configured to any suitable shape such as circular, elliptical, square, rectangular or trapezoidal. Alternatively, as with the cylinder 202', one part of the housing has one cross-sectional shape and the other part has another cross-sectional shape, or the cylinder has multiple segments with different cross-sectional shapes. Preferably, the portion of the housing provided with the crushing assembly is circular in cross-sectional shape, facilitating the rotation of the rotatable assembly placed within the housing, not only effectively crushing sludge masses, but also stationary assembly. It facilitates the placement of the annular piece on the support rod and prevents uncrushed sludge lumps from falling through the gap between the housing wall and the annular piece. Accordingly, the shape of the top cover may match the top opening of the cylinder. In addition, a plurality of holes 205'corresponding to the support rod 312 of the stationary assembly 31 can be formed on the side wall of the cylinder 201'close to the bottom opening, and the support rod 312 can be fixed to the housing 2'.

Specific structures of preferred embodiments of the vertical crusher for crushing sludge lumps of the present invention are described above, but those skilled in the art will appreciate the different modifications and configurations of the crusher of the present invention. You can also have. As mentioned above, different materials or shapes of rotating arms, crushing components, support rods and annular pieces can be selected depending on the water content or hardness of the sludge mass. In addition to the location close to the bottom of the housing, the crushing assembly may be located at other locations within the housing and, if desired, a plurality of crushing assemblies may be located. For example, two vertically spaced crushing assemblies can be placed in a vertically located housing, where the upper crushing assembly crushes the sludge mass entering the housing into larger chunks for primary crushing. The lower crushing assembly further crushes the smaller lumps, which is called secondary crushing and multi-step cutting or shearing of the sludge lumps to obtain the desired smaller lumps or pieces.

The drive device of the rotatable assembly may be any suitable power device including, but is not limited to, an electric motor, a hydraulic activator, a pneumatic device and the like. Other suitable transmission methods can be used for power transmission between the drive and the rotary shaft, including, but not limited to, pulleys and belts, sprockets and chains, gear drives, and the like.

FIG. 8 shows a flowchart of a preferred embodiment of crushing a sludge mass by a vertical crusher. The sludge crushing step of the present invention can be carried out as follows. The drive device drives the power input element of the upper end 301A of the rotary shaft 301 to rotate the rotatable assembly 30 with respect to the stationary assembly 31. The sludge mass is conveyed to the housing 2 of the crusher 1 via a supply port for receiving the sludge mass formed on the top end 201 or the side wall 202 of the housing 2. As the sludge mass enters the housing and continuously falls onto the stationary assembly 31, the rotating arm 302 of the rotatable assembly 30 collides with the sludge mass and the crushing component 303 cuts, shears or crushes the sludge mass and the housing. From the bottom opening of the, smaller sludge masses or fragments that are sheared less than the spacing between the annular pieces. Since the position of the annular piece of the stationary assembly on the support rod is predetermined, in other words, the spacing between the annular pieces or the gap between the crushing component and the annular piece is the desired smaller sludge mass or fragment. As predetermined according to size, the spacing between adjacent annular pieces and the size and number of protrusions on the annular pieces can be predetermined according to the desired size of the smaller sludge mass and the shape and size of the crushing component. Can be preselected according to the water content of the sludge mass. Further, it is also possible to adjust the transport speed through the supply port of the sludge mass according to the water content of the sludge mass, for example, it is possible to reduce the transport speed of the sludge mass having a high water content, and the water content. It is possible to increase the transport speed of low sludge mass.

The crusher of the present invention is vertically arranged so as to save the occupied area, and the sludge mass is transported into the crusher from the supply port at the upper part of the housing, and the sludge mass is transported forward by the weight of the sludge mass. Or push, thereby saving energy and improving efficiency. The crushing assembly of the vertical crusher of the present invention can be reasonably configured according to the water content of the sludge mass to be crushed, for example, a person skilled in the art can use a rotating arm, crushing, if necessary. The number of components, support rods and annular pieces can be selected, the spacing between the annular pieces and the shape and size of the crushed components and protrusions can be determined. One of ordinary skill in the art can partially or individually replace the components of the crushing assembly, depending on the degree of wear. Thus, one of ordinary skill in the art can flexibly configure or combine components of a crushing assembly such as a rotating arm, crushing component, support rod, annular piece, etc., depending on the water content of the sludge mass to be crushed. It can, thereby obtaining the desired sludge mass or fragment. By utilizing the crushing method by the vertical crusher of the present invention, the supply rate of the sludge mass and the amount of the supplied sludge mass can be controlled, and the crushing rate can be adjusted, thereby making the crushing assembly more suitable. It can be kept in good operating condition. The protrusions arranged on the annular piece can fix most of the sludge mass to the housing of the crusher and increase the crushing efficiency. The rotatable and stationary assemblies are arranged in series within the vertically arranged housing of the crusher, so that one or more crushing assemblies can be configured as needed. For example, two spaced crushing assemblies can be placed within the housing, with the upper crushing assembly performing the primary crushing and the lower crushing assembly performing the secondary crushing, multistage crushing of the sludge mass. Can be achieved to obtain the desired smaller chunks or pieces.

So far, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the invention and do not represent the entire solution of the invention and are any modification of the embodiments of the invention. Alternatively, it is acknowledged that the modifications are within the scope of the concept of the present invention.

1 Vertical sludge crusher, 2 housing, 3 crushing assembly, 30 rotatable assembly, 31 stationary assembly, 201 top cover, 202 cylinder, 203 supply port, 204 shaft hole, 301 rotating shaft, 302 rotating arm, 303 crushing component , 310 Stationary seat, 311 central strut, 312 support rod, 313 annular piece, 314 protrusions.

Claims (15)

A vertical sludge crusher for crushing sludge lumps,
It comprises a vertically arranged housing including a cylinder and a top cover at the top end of the cylinder, the bottom of the cylinder is wide open and sludge mass is on the side wall of the top of the housing or on the top cover. A supply port for receiving is formed, and the vertical sludge crusher further
It comprises a crushing assembly that includes a rotatable assembly and a stationary assembly that are arranged in series, the rotatable assembly is located on top of the stationary assembly and is rotatable relative to the stationary assembly, the rotatable assembly is The rotatable shaft comprises a rotatable shaft and one or more rotary arms, the upper end of the rotatable shaft is rotatably located in a shaft hole formed in the top cover, and the one or more rotary arms are rotatable. Provided with one or more crushing components extending downward from the lower end of the possible shaft toward the side wall of the housing and projecting downward, the stationary assembly comprises a stationary seat with a central strut and a plurality of support rods. Each of the plurality of support rods extends toward the side wall of the housing, one end of each of the plurality of support rods is fixed to the central strut, and the other end is fixed to the side wall of the housing. Each of the plurality of annular pieces has a different diameter and is fixed to the plurality of support rods around the central support column at regular intervals in the longitudinal direction of the support rods.
The rotatable shaft of the rotatable assembly has the axis of the central strut of the stationary assembly and is secured to the one or more crushing components of the one or more rotating arms and the plurality of support rods. Multiple annular pieces are arranged alternately, with each crushing component engaging the spacing between two adjacent annular pieces.
A vertical sludge crusher in which each of the plurality of annular pieces has a protrusion on the upper surface thereof. A shaft hole is formed on the upper surface of the central strut of the fixing assembly, a shaft end having a diameter corresponding to the inner diameter of the shaft hole is formed at the lower end of the rotatable shaft, and the shaft end is rotatable in the shaft hole. The vertical sludge crusher according to claim 1, which is located in. The vertical sludge crusher according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the cross-sectional shape of the crushing component is trapezoidal, elliptical, square or triangular. The vertical sludge crusher according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the crushing component is a cutting blade. The vertical sludge crusher according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the annular piece is a ring or one or more arc segments. The vertical sludge crusher according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the crushing component is replaceable. The vertical sludge crusher according to claim 1 or 2, wherein two or more crushing components are arranged in the housing. The vertical sludge crusher according to claim 1, wherein the cylinder and the top cover are integrally formed. The vertical sludge crusher according to claim 1, wherein the cylinder includes segments having different cross-sectional shapes. The vertical sludge crusher according to claim 9, wherein the upper part of the cylinder has a rectangular cross section and the lower part of the cylinder has a circular cross section. The vertical sludge crusher according to claim 9, wherein the supply port is formed on the side wall of the upper part of the cylinder and is located above the crushing component. A method for crushing a sludge mass using the vertical sludge crusher according to any one of claims 1 to 11.
Rotating the rotatable assembly of the crushed assembly relative to the stationary assembly,
To convey the sludge mass into the housing of the sludge crusher through the supply port, and to carry the sludge mass into the housing of the sludge crusher.
Crushing the sludge mass in the housing into smaller chunks or pieces is such that the rotary arm of the rotatable assembly collides with the sludge mass above the plurality of annular pieces of the stationary assembly and is said by the crushing component. What you do by shearing the sludge mass,
Of the sludge mass, the smaller sludge mass or fragment is dropped through the spacing between the adjacent annular pieces in the plurality of annular pieces and then ejected from the bottom of the widely opened housing. Crushing method. 12. The method of claim 12, wherein the plurality of annular pieces are selected and the spacing between the adjacent annular pieces is determined according to the desired size of the smaller sludge mass or fragment. 12. The method of claim 12, wherein the shape and dimensions of the crushing component are selected and the gap between the crushing component and the annular piece is determined. 12. The method of claim 12, wherein the speed of transporting the sludge mass to the housing is adjusted according to the water content of the sludge mass.

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