JP2016200352A - Combustion furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a combustion furnace which enables incineration at high temperature and low temperature, has a compact form, achieves low running costs, and enables universal use.SOLUTION: It is preferable that a combustion furnace include: a housing part having a combustion chamber therein; a cooling part installed at the inner side of the housing part and configured to cool hot air generated by the combustion chamber; a discharge part forming a discharge route for discharging the hot air cooled by the cooling part to the outside of the housing part; and a first purification part which is installed in the discharge route and removes harmful substances contained in the hot air generated in the combustion chamber by catalytic action to purify the hot air.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to an incinerator.

The incinerator includes an incinerator for low temperature incineration and an incinerator for high temperature (for example, 800 ° C. or higher) incineration.
An incinerator for low temperature incineration is equipped with a catalyst used for removing harmful substances such as dioxin. This is because when the low temperature incineration is carried out, the hot air discharged at the time of incineration contains harmful substances such as dioxins, so that these harmful substances are removed.

  The incinerator for high temperature incineration is not equipped with the above-mentioned catalyst. This is because, when high-temperature incineration is performed, harmful substances such as dioxins are decomposed by heat. However, an incinerator for high-temperature incineration requires a lot of fossil fuel to raise the temperature of the combustion chamber, and therefore has a higher running cost than an incinerator for low-temperature incineration.

  In general, incinerators are capable of high-temperature incineration when they are intended to be widely used, and low-temperature incineration is also desirable in order to reduce running costs. In addition, incinerators are generally difficult to secure the installation location when trying to spread, so it is desirable that the incinerator be compact. Therefore, when the incinerator is generally spread, the catalyst used in the low temperature incineration is installed near the combustion chamber in which the high temperature incineration is performed.

However, incinerators have generally been difficult to disseminate because catalysts can be destroyed or lose their function when exposed to high temperatures.
In one aspect of the present invention, it is preferable to provide a generally incinerator that can be incinerated at high and low temperatures and that is compact and has a low running cost.

  An incinerator according to an aspect of the present invention includes a casing having a combustion chamber inside, a cooling unit that is installed inside the casing and cools hot air generated in the combustion chamber, and is cooled by the cooling unit. A discharge portion that forms a discharge route for discharging the generated hot air to the outside of the housing portion, and a harmful substance contained in the hot air generated in the combustion chamber is removed by a catalytic action to remove the hot air. It is preferable to provide a first purification unit for purification.

  In this way, even if high-temperature incineration is performed, the temperature of the hot air (including smoke) discharged from the combustion chamber is lowered by the cooling unit, so that the first purification unit is suppressed from being exposed to high temperature and destroyed. And the possibility of losing the function of the catalyst is reduced.

  That is, since this incinerator can perform high temperature incineration or low temperature incineration, the running cost can be suppressed. Further, this incinerator can be made compact because the catalyst can be installed near the combustion chamber.

Therefore, this incinerator can generally be widely spread.
Next, the cooling unit includes a plurality of passage holes that allow hot air to pass therethrough and a circulation unit that allows the refrigerant to flow around the passage holes, and heat performed between the hot air that flows through the passage holes and the refrigerant that flows through the cavity. The hot air may be cooled by replacement. According to this, hot air can be cooled according to the temperature of hot air by adjusting the flow velocity and temperature of the refrigerant.

  Next, the discharge unit may include a switching unit that forms the first discharge route and the second discharge route as the discharge route and switches the discharge route. The 1st purification | cleaning part may be installed in the 1st discharge route downstream from the switch part.

  If it does in this way, since the heat | fever of the hot air which generate | occur | produces at the time of high temperature incineration becomes difficult to reach the 1st purification | cleaning part, it is further suppressed that a 1st purification | cleaning part is exposed to high temperature, and it destroys or loses the function of a catalyst. The possibility of doing is further reduced.

Next, the incinerator may include a second purification unit that condenses the liquid contained in the hot air and discharges the condensed liquid to the outside, thereby removing harmful substances contained in the hot air and purifying the hot air. .
If it does in this way, in the 2nd purification | cleaning part, since chlorine etc. are contained in the condensed liquid, degradation of a 1st purification | cleaning part can be prevented.

  Next, the incinerator is in the vicinity of an inlet for introducing an object to be burned into the combustion chamber, and is a holding unit installed on a flame moving route from the combustion chamber toward the inlet when the inlet is opened. May be provided.

If it does in this way, since it can suppress that a flame blows out from an input port when an input port is opened, an incineration object can be safely input into a combustion chamber.
Next, the discharge unit may include an explosion prevention valve provided in a downstream space formed on the downstream side of the cooling unit.

  When an object to be incinerated is thrown into the combustion chamber, the pressure of the combustion chamber may suddenly rise due to a sudden flow of air into the combustion chamber. In addition, gas cylinders and oil are contained in the processed material, and the pressure in the combustion chamber may suddenly increase.

However, when this explosion prevention valve is provided, it is possible to release the rapidly increased pressure.
Therefore, when this explosion prevention valve is provided, the incinerator can suppress the combustion chamber from being damaged by the rapidly rising pressure.

It is a schematic diagram of the incinerator of this embodiment. FIG. 2A is a plan view of the combustion chamber. FIG. 2B is a schematic diagram of the catalyst. FIG. 2C is a plan view of the cooling unit.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, the incinerator 1 of the present embodiment includes a main body portion 2 and an auxiliary portion 9.
The main body 2 mainly includes a housing 3, a cooling unit 4, a discharge unit 5, a first purification unit 6, a second purification unit 7, and a recovery unit 8.

  The casing 3 is formed in a cylindrical shape, and stands vertically with respect to the ground so that the axial direction of the cylinder and the direction of gravity coincide. Moreover, the housing | casing part 3 has the leg part 30, and is installed in the predetermined height from the ground. The casing 3 is formed in a shape in which the lower end portion in the axial direction contracts for a while as it goes downward. The reduced diameter portion of the housing part 3 is hereinafter referred to as a reduced diameter part 31. An ash box 32 is installed at the lower end of the housing 3.

  A cooling unit 4 is installed inside the housing unit 3 slightly above the center in the axial direction. By installing the cooling unit 4 in the housing unit 3, a combustion chamber 33 is formed below the cooling unit 4. In addition, a spare space 34 is formed above the cooling unit 4.

  A heat insulating material 330 is installed on the wall surface of the casing 3 that forms the combustion chamber 33. The casing 3 is a part where the combustion chamber 33 is formed, and a part thereof is open. The opening is an input port 331 for inputting an object to be combusted. The input port 331 has a lid 332 that rotates toward the inside of the combustion chamber 33 with the edge of the upper input port 331 as a fulcrum. is set up. The lid 332 normally closes the charging port 331, but when a combustion object is inserted from the charging port 331, the lid 332 is pushed by the combustion object to open the charging port 331, and the combustion object is placed in the combustion chamber 33. It is thrown into. A holding portion 333 that protrudes toward the combustion chamber 33 is provided at the lower edge of the charging port 331. When an object to be burned is input from the input port 331 and the lid portion 332 is opened, the flame travels from the combustion chamber 33 to the input port 331 via a moving space in which the lower side of the lid portion 332 moves. At this time, a route in which the flame moves through a moving space in which the lower side of the lid 332 moves is called a moving route. The holding part 333 is installed on the moving route by being installed at the edge of the charging port 331 as described above. Since the holding unit 333 is provided, the incinerator 1 can suppress the flame from blowing out from the input port 331 when the input port 331 is opened, so that the incineration object can be safely input into the combustion chamber 33. .

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 2A, the combustion chamber 33 includes two burners 334, two fans 335, and four magnetic fans 336 (see FIG. 1). The combustion chamber 33 is provided with a sana 337 at the boundary with the reduced diameter portion 31. When the combustion object burns in the combustion chamber 33 and becomes ash, the ash falls from the combustion chamber 33 to the reduced diameter portion 31 side via the sana 337, and the ash is stored in the ash box 32. The burner 334 and the fan 335 are above the portion where the sana 337 is installed, and in the vicinity of the sana 337, in the order of the burner 334, the fan 335, the burner 334, and the fan 335, around the axis of the housing 3 Are arranged at equal intervals. In the incinerator 1, the burner 334 and the fan 335 rotate the air in the combustion chamber 33 around the axis of the casing 3. When air is thus rotated, the flame in the combustion chamber 33 is also rotated. The incinerator 1 can burn an object to be burned with a small amount of fuel by the rotation of the flame. Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the four magnetic fans 336 are arranged at equal intervals around the axis of the housing 3 on the lower side of the sana 337, that is, on the reduced diameter portion 31 side. Since the magnetic fan 336 may lose the magnetic force of the magnet due to the heat of the combustion chamber 33, it blows ionized air into the combustion chamber 33 through the sana 337 while avoiding the heat of the combustion chamber 33. It is installed at a position where

  The cooling unit 4 has a function of cooling the hot air generated in the combustion chamber 33, and includes a plurality of passage holes 40 that allow the hot air to pass therethrough, and a circulation unit 41 that allows a refrigerant to flow around the passage holes 40. Yes. The cooling unit 4 cools the hot air by heat exchange performed between the hot air flowing through the passage hole 40 and the refrigerant flowing through the circulation unit 41. As shown in FIG. 2C, the cooling unit 4 is formed in a honeycomb shape, and cools hot air by passing hot air through each passage hole 40.

  The second purification unit 7 is formed in a donut shape with a hole in the center, and of the passage holes 40 of the cooling unit 4, except for several passage holes 40 in the central portion of the shaft, It is installed in the housing part 3 so as to close the top. In the present embodiment, the second purification unit 7 and the cooling unit 4 are integrally formed, and the refrigerant flowing in the cooling unit 4 is configured to flow to the second purification unit 7 as well. The second purification unit 7 condenses moisture contained in the hot air by heat exchange, and sends the condensed moisture to the recovery unit 8.

  The spare space 34 is a space formed above the second purification unit 7. In the spare space 34, openings of two discharge routes formed by the discharge unit 5 and an explosion prevention valve 340 are installed. When an object to be incinerated is introduced into the combustion chamber 33, the pressure of the combustion chamber 33 may rise suddenly due to a sudden flow of air into the combustion chamber 33. The explosion prevention valve 340 is used to release this rapidly increased pressure. When the explosion prevention valve 340 is provided, the incinerator 1 can suppress the combustion chamber 33 from being damaged by the rapidly increased pressure.

  The first purification unit 6 mainly removes dioxins from the harmful substances contained in the hot air generated in the combustion chamber 33 by catalytic action. As shown in FIG. 2B, the first purification unit 6 has five layers formed in the housing 60. These five layers are the catalyst layer 61, the lime layer 62, the heater layer 63, the catalyst layer 64, and the heater layer 65 from the top. The heater layer 63 and the heater layer 65 are mainly formed by heating wires or the like in order to warm the catalyst layer 61 and the catalyst layer 64 and to activate the catalytic action when the temperature of the hot air sent from the preliminary space 34 is low. Yes. The hot air sent from the preliminary space 34 passes through the first purification unit 6 in order from the heater layer 65 toward the upper layer, passes through the catalyst layer 61, and then is sent to the exhaust fan 55 side described later.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the discharge unit 5 sends out hot air generated in the combustion chamber 33 from two openings opened in the preliminary space 34 to the external space, and forms two discharge routes. The discharge unit 5 mainly includes pipes that form these two discharge routes. Of the two discharge routes, the first discharge route R1 is a route through which hot air passes during low temperature incineration, and the second discharge route R2 is a route through which hot air passes during high temperature incineration. In addition, a damper 50 that opens and closes the opening is installed at a portion where the first discharge route R1 opens with respect to the spare space 34. In addition, a damper 51 that opens and closes the opening is installed at a portion where the second discharge route R2 opens with respect to the spare space 34. In the first discharge route R1, the first purification unit 6 described above is installed on the downstream side of the damper 50, the exhaust fan 55 is installed on the further downstream side, and the damper 52 is installed on the further downstream side. Has been. The first discharge route R1 and the second discharge route R2 merge on the downstream side of the damper 52 and reach the chimney 59. In the present embodiment, the damper 51 is closed during low-temperature incineration, and hot air passes through the first discharge route R1, and during high-temperature incineration, the dampers 50 and 52 are closed, and hot air passes through the second discharge route R2. The dampers 51, 51, 52 correspond to the switching unit of the present invention.

  The recovery unit 8 purifies the liquid condensed in the second purification unit 7 to a safe state even when discharged to the outside. The recovery unit 8 removes the lime filter 80, the storage box 81, and the condensed liquid from the second purification unit 7. And a pipe 82 that leads to a storage box 81 through a lime filter 80. The pipe 82 is also connected to a pipe that constitutes the second discharge route R2. When the second purification unit 7 condenses the liquid contained in the hot air, the recovery unit 8 is guided to the pipe 82 and sent to the lime filter 80. Since the condensed liquid contains chlorine, the lime filter 80 detoxifies the liquid containing chlorine with the lime filter, and the detoxified liquid is stored in the storage box 81. After a certain amount of the liquid stored in the storage box 81 is collected, it is exhausted to the outside.

The auxiliary unit 9 is a device for storing the incineration target and for charging from the charging port 331, but details thereof are omitted.
The characteristic operation effect of the incinerator 1 demonstrated above is demonstrated.

  In the incinerator 1 of the present embodiment, even when high-temperature incineration is performed, the temperature of hot air discharged from the combustion chamber 33 is lowered by the cooling unit 4, so that the first purification unit 6 is suppressed from being exposed to high temperatures. The possibility of being destroyed or losing the function of the catalyst is reduced. In addition, the incinerator 1 of the present embodiment closes the dampers 50 and 52 so that the heat of hot air generated during high-temperature incineration hardly reaches the first purification unit 6, so that the first purification unit 6 has a high temperature. Exposure is suppressed and the possibility of being destroyed or losing the function of the catalyst is reduced.

  Therefore, since this incinerator 1 can be incinerated at high temperature and low temperature, the running cost can be suppressed, and the catalyst can be installed near the combustion chamber. Can be widely spread.

Moreover, the cooling unit 4 can cool the hot air according to the temperature of the hot air by adjusting the flow rate and temperature of the refrigerant.
Next, in the incinerator 1 and the second purification unit 7, the liquid contained in the hot air is condensed, and the condensed liquid is discharged to the outside, thereby removing harmful substances contained in the hot air and purifying the hot air. Therefore, deterioration of the 1st purification | cleaning part 6 in the further downstream of the 2nd purification | cleaning part 7 can be prevented. Therefore, since the 1st purification | cleaning part 6 becomes difficult to receive damage, it can purify | clean the hot air at the time of low temperature incineration over a long period of time.

In the present embodiment, the cooling unit 4 cools hot air by heat exchange, and even in the case of cold cooling, the refrigerant is often burned at about 400 ° C. to 500 ° C., so the refrigerant is warmed to a considerable temperature. . Therefore, the warmed refrigerant can be used for heating and other uses. At the time of high-temperature incineration (800 ° C. or higher), a higher temperature refrigerant can be used.
[Other Embodiments]
Although the embodiment has been described above, it is needless to say that the invention described in the claims is not limited to the above embodiment and can take various forms.

  (1) In the said embodiment, although the collection | recovery part 8 provided with the lime filter 80 was illustrated, the filter which consists of shells may be sufficient as the lime filter 80, and it can purify the harmful substances contained in the condensed liquid, for example, chlorine. Anything is acceptable. The biggest feature is that it can be performed at high temperature or low temperature, and heat exchange can be made extremely high by exhaust heat. Carbonization is also possible by adjusting the damper.

  (2) The incinerator 1 of the above embodiment may include two thermometers 339 and 349. In this case, one thermometer 339 is installed so that the temperature detector is disposed in the combustion chamber 33, and one thermometer 349 is installed so that the temperature detector is disposed in the spare space 34. Also good. The thermometer 339 may be installed at a height close to the cooling unit 4 in the combustion chamber 33.

  The incinerator 1 includes an opening / closing device (not shown) that opens and closes the dampers 50, 51, 52, and the control device opens / closes the dampers 50, 51, 52 based on the temperatures detected by the thermometers 339, 349. While performing the control, on / off control of the exhaust fan 55 may be performed.

  Specifically, when the thermometer 339 detects a temperature of 800 ° C. or lower and the thermometer 349 detects a temperature of 700 ° C. or lower, the control device closes the damper 51 and opens the dampers 50 and 52 to drive the fan 55. May be executed. In addition, when the thermometer 339 detects a temperature of 800 ° C. or higher, the control device may perform control to open the damper 51, close the dampers 50 and 52, and stop the fan 55. In addition, even when the thermometer 339 detects a temperature of 800 ° C. or lower even when the thermometer 339 detects a temperature of 700 ° C. or higher, the control device opens the damper 51 and closes the dampers 50 and 52 to stop the fan 55. May be executed.

  (3) In the incinerator 1 of the above embodiment, the route from the point where the first discharge route R1 and the second discharge route R2 merge to the chimney 59 is described short in FIG. . A fan may be installed on the route from the point where the first discharge route R1 and the second discharge route R2 merge to the chimney 59, and the air in the incinerator 1 may be drawn.

(4) Although the incinerator 1 of the above embodiment includes the explosion prevention valve 340 on the side surface of the main body 2, it may be provided on the upper surface of the main body 2.
(5) Although the incinerator 1 of the said embodiment was provided with the 2nd purification | cleaning part 7, it does not need to be provided with this. In this case, in FIG. 1, the cooling unit 4 may be extended to a position where the second purification unit 7 is provided.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Incinerator, 2 ... Main-body part, 3 ... Housing | casing part, 4 ... Cooling part, 5 ... Discharge part, 6 ... 1st purification | cleaning part,
7 ... 2nd purification | cleaning part, 8 ... Collection | recovery part, 9 ... Auxiliary part, 30 ... Leg part, 31 ... Reduced diameter part, 32 ... Ash box,
33 ... Combustion chamber, 34 ... Preliminary space, 40 ... Passage hole, 41 ... Distribution part, 50 ... Damper,
51 ... Damper, 52 ... Damper, 55 ... Exhaust fan, 59 ... Chimney, 60 ... Housing,
61 ... catalyst layer, 62 ... lime layer, 63 ... heater layer, 64 ... catalyst layer, 65 ... heater layer,
80 ... Lime filter, 81 ... Storage box, 82 ... Pipe, 330 ... Thermal insulation,
331: Input port, 332 ... Lid, 333 ... Holding part, 334 ... Burner, 335 ... Fan,
336 ... Magnetic fan, 337 ... Sana, 340 ... Explosion prevention valve, 339 ... Thermometer,
349 ... thermometer, R1 ... first discharge route, R2 ... second discharge route.

Claims (6)

A casing having a combustion chamber inside,
A cooling unit that is installed inside the casing and cools hot air generated in the combustion chamber;
A discharge part that forms a discharge route for discharging the hot air cooled by the cooling part to the outside of the housing part;
An incinerator comprising: a first purification unit that is installed in the discharge route and removes harmful substances contained in the hot air generated in the combustion chamber by catalytic action to purify the hot air. In the incinerator according to claim 1,
The cooling part is
A plurality of passage holes for passing hot air;
A circulation part for flowing a refrigerant around the passage hole,
An incinerator for cooling hot air by heat exchange performed between the hot air flowing through the passage hole and the refrigerant flowing through the circulation portion. In the incinerator according to claim 1 or claim 2,
The discharge part is
Forming a first discharge route and a second discharge route as the discharge route, and having a switching unit for switching the discharge route;
The first purification unit includes
An incinerator installed in the first discharge route downstream of the switching unit. In the incinerator according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
An incinerator including a second purification unit that condenses liquid contained in hot air and discharges the condensed liquid to the outside to remove harmful substances contained in the hot air and purify the hot air. In the incinerator according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
An incinerator provided with a holding unit installed on a moving route of a flame from the combustion chamber toward the input port when the input port is opened, in the vicinity of the input port for inputting an object to be burned into the combustion chamber. . In the incinerator according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
The discharge part is
An incinerator comprising an explosion prevention valve provided in a downstream space formed on the downstream side of the cooling unit.

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